SM - Sheet 3

Ministry of Higher Education Academic Year: 2022/2023
High Institute of Engineering Department: 1st Mech – Textile

and Technology (HIET) Course Code: MED 111
El-Mahalla El-Kobra Course: Structural Mechanics
Sheet 3
Problem 1. Consider a beam (with moment of inertia 𝐼) is subjected to a bending moment 𝑀. Prove that
for a fiber located at distance 𝑦 from the neutral axis is subjected to a stress 𝜎, where
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼
Let the strain in a fiber, 𝜀!
∆𝑥 " − ∆𝑥 (𝜌 − 𝑦)∆𝜃 − 𝜌∆𝜃 𝑦
𝜀! = = =
∆𝑥 𝜌∆𝜃 𝜌
Since the strain 𝜀 is related to 𝜎 as 𝐸 = 𝜎/𝜀. So,
𝑦 𝐸
𝜎# = 𝜀! 𝐸 = ×𝐸 =𝑦×
𝜌 𝜌
Let 𝛿𝐴 = area of the layer PQ = 𝑏 ∙ 𝛿𝑦.

𝐸 𝑀 𝑀
𝜎# = 𝑦 ×
𝜌
So, the force on the layer PQ = stress x area
𝐸
𝛿𝐹 = 𝜎# × 𝑏 ∙ 𝛿𝑦 = 𝑦 × × 𝑏 ∙ 𝛿𝑦
𝜌
The bending moment of this layer = force x distance
𝐸 𝐸
𝛿𝑀 = 𝑦 × 𝛿𝐹 = 𝑦 × 𝑦 × × 𝑏 ∙ 𝛿𝑦 = × 𝑏𝑦 $ ∙ 𝛿𝑦
𝜌 𝜌
Then we can get the total moment of the section by integrating
%
𝐸 $
𝐸 % $
𝑀=7 × 𝑏𝑦 ∙ 𝛿𝑦 = 7 𝑏𝑦 ∙ 𝛿𝑦
&% 𝜌 𝜌 &%
% %
∫&% 𝑦 $ ∙ 𝛿𝐴 = ∫&% 𝑏𝑦 $ ∙ 𝛿𝑦 represents the moment of inertia of the area of the whole section
about the neutral axis. Therefore,
𝐸
𝑀 = 𝐼
𝜌
And
𝑀𝑦
𝜎=
𝐼
1/9
Sheet 3
Problem 2. Find the maximum bending moment for the following cases:
(a) Simply supported beam with concentrated load W at the middle.

W
L/2 L/2
W/2 W/2
L/2 L/2
WL/4
BMD
The maximum bending moment is WL/4
2/9
Sheet 3
(b) Simply supported beam with concentrated load W at a distance 𝑎 from support.
W
a b
𝑊𝑏/𝐿 𝑊𝑎/𝐿
a b
𝑊𝑎𝑏/𝐿
BMD
The maximum bending moment is 𝑾𝒂𝒃/𝑳
3/9
Sheet 3
(a) Cantilever beam with load W at its free end.
WL
W
L
WL
BMD
The maximum bending moment is WL
4/9
Sheet 3
(c) Simply supported beam with distributed load ω.
L/2 L/2
𝜔𝐿
𝜔𝐿/2 𝜔𝐿/2
L/2 L/2
𝜔𝐿$ /8
BMD
The maximum bending moment is 𝝎𝑳𝟐 /𝟖
5/9
Sheet 3
(d) Cantilever beam with distributed load 𝜔.
𝜔𝐿
𝜔𝐿$ /2
𝜔𝐿
L
𝜔𝐿$ /2
BMD
The maximum bending moment is 𝝎𝑳𝟐 /𝟐
6/9
Sheet 3
Problem 3. A steel wire of 3 mm diameter is to be wound around a circular component. If the bending
stress in the wire is limited to 80 MPa, find the radius of the component. Take Young’s modulus for the
steel as 200 GPa.
Given: 𝑑 = 3 𝑚𝑚, 𝜎()! = 80 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝜌 =? ? , 𝐸 = 200 𝐺𝑃𝑎
𝑦 = 3/2 = 1.5 𝑚𝑚
3
𝐸
𝜎()! = ×𝑦
𝜌
200 × 10+
80 × 10* = × (1.5 × 10&, )
𝜌
𝜌 = 3.75 𝑚
Problem 4. A rectangular beam 60 mm wide and 150 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 6 m.
If the beam is subjected to central point load of 12 kN, find the maximum bending stress induced in the
beam section.
Given: 𝑏 = 60 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 150 𝑚𝑚,

𝐿 = 6 𝑚, 𝑊 = 12 𝑘𝑁, 𝜎()! =? ?
𝑦 = 150/2 = 75 𝑚𝑚
W𝐿 (12 × 10, ) × (6 × 10, )

𝑀= = = 18 × 10* 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
4 4
𝑏ℎ, 60 × 150,
𝐼= = = 16875 × 10, 𝑚𝑚-
12 12
𝑀𝑦 (18 × 10* )(75)

𝜎()! = = 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$ = 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐼 16875 × 10,
𝜎()! = 80 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$ = 80 𝑀𝑃𝑎
7/9
Sheet 3
Problem 5. A cantilever beam is rectrangular in section having 80 mm width and 120 mm depth. If the
cantilever is subjected to a point load of 6 kN at the free end and the bending stress is not to exceed
40 MPa, find the span of the cantilever beam.
Given: 𝑏 = 80 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 120 𝑚𝑚,

𝑊 = 16 𝑘𝑁, 𝜎()! = 40 𝑀𝑃𝑎,
𝐿 =? ?
𝑦 = 120/2 = 60 𝑚𝑚
𝑀 = 𝑊𝐿 = (6 × 10, ) × 𝐿 = 6 × 10, 𝐿 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝑏ℎ, 80 × 120,
𝐼= = = 11520 × 10, 𝑚𝑚-
12 12
𝑀𝑦
𝜎()! =
𝐼
𝑀𝑃𝑎 = 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$
(6 × 10, 𝐿)(60)
40 =
11520 × 10,
𝐿 = 1280 𝑚𝑚 = 1.28 𝑚
Problem 6. A rectangular beam 60 mm wide and 150 mm deep is simply supported over a span of 4
meters. If the beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed load of 4.5 kN/m, find the maximum bending
stress induced in the beam.
Given: 𝑏 = 60 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 150 𝑚𝑚, 𝐿 = 4 𝑚, 𝜔 = 4.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = 4.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚, 𝜎()! =? ?
𝑦 = ℎ/2 = 150/2 = 75 𝑚𝑚
8/9
Sheet 3
𝜔𝐿$ 4.5 × (4 × 10, )$

𝑀= = = 9 × 10* 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
8 8
𝑏ℎ, 60 × 150,
𝐼= = = 16875 × 10, 𝑚𝑚-
12 12
𝑀𝑦 (9 × 10* )(75)
𝜎()! = = = 40 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝐼 16875 × 10,
Problem 7. A hollow steel tube having external and internal diameter of 100 mm and 75 mm respectively
is simply supported over a span of 5 m. The tube carries a concentrated load of 𝑊 at a distance of 2 m
from one of the supports. What is the value of W, if the maximum bending stress is not to exceed
100 MPa.
Given: 𝐷 = 100 𝑚𝑚, 𝑑 = 75 𝑚𝑚, 𝐿 = 5 𝑚, 𝑎 = 2 𝑚, 𝑏 = 3 𝑚, 𝑊 =? ? , 𝜎()! = 100 𝑀𝑃𝑎
𝑦 = 𝐷/2 = 100/2 = 50 𝑚𝑚
𝑊𝑎𝑏 𝑊(2 × 10, )(3 × 10, )

𝑀= = = 1.2 × 10, 𝑊 𝑁. 𝑚𝑚
𝐿 5 × 10,
𝜋 𝜋
𝐼= (𝐷- − 𝑑 - ) = (100- − 75- ) = 3355.6 × 10, 𝑚𝑚-
64 64
𝑀𝑦
𝜎()! =
𝐼
(1.2 × 10, 𝑊)(50)

100 =
3355.6 × 10,
𝑊 = 5592.6 𝑁 ≅ 5.6 𝑘𝑁
9/9

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Ministry of Higher Education Academic Year: 2022/2023

High Institute of Engineering Department: 1st Mech – Textile

Let 𝛿𝐴 = area of the layer PQ = 𝑏 ∙ 𝛿𝑦.

(a) Simply supported beam with concentrated load W at the middle.

The maximum bending moment is WL/4

The maximum bending moment is 𝑾𝒂𝒃/𝑳

(a) Cantilever beam with load W at its free end.

The maximum bending moment is WL

(c) Simply supported beam with distributed load ω.

The maximum bending moment is 𝝎𝑳𝟐 /𝟖

(d) Cantilever beam with distributed load 𝜔.

The maximum bending moment is 𝝎𝑳𝟐 /𝟐

Given: 𝑑 = 3 𝑚𝑚, 𝜎()! = 80 𝑀𝑃𝑎, 𝜌 =? ? , 𝐸 = 200 𝐺𝑃𝑎

Given: 𝑏 = 60 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 150 𝑚𝑚,

W𝐿 (12 × 10, ) × (6 × 10, )

𝑀𝑦 (18 × 10* )(75)

𝜎()! = 80 𝑁/𝑚𝑚$ = 80 𝑀𝑃𝑎

Given: 𝑏 = 80 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 120 𝑚𝑚,

Given: 𝑏 = 60 𝑚𝑚, ℎ = 150 𝑚𝑚, 𝐿 = 4 𝑚, 𝜔 = 4.5 𝑘𝑁/𝑚 = 4.5 𝑁/𝑚𝑚, 𝜎()! =? ?

𝜔𝐿$ 4.5 × (4 × 10, )$

Given: 𝐷 = 100 𝑚𝑚, 𝑑 = 75 𝑚𝑚, 𝐿 = 5 𝑚, 𝑎 = 2 𝑚, 𝑏 = 3 𝑚, 𝑊 =? ? , 𝜎()! = 100 𝑀𝑃𝑎

𝑊𝑎𝑏 𝑊(2 × 10, )(3 × 10, )

(1.2 × 10, 𝑊)(50)

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