Deform - Stress

hello !

by Meraki
MB
SIMPLE STRESS
- is the internal resistance of a material to the distorting effects of external
forces
- Force per unit area, symbolically expressed as a-
¥
Types:
% * Normal Stresses

☒(p * Shear Stresses

o
/
Pc * Bearing Stresses

NORMAL STRESS
- developed when a force is applied perpendicular to cross-sectional
area of the material

☒<
/ /
P
> P P >
Pc

compressive stress
Tensile stress

☒
-

•
UNITS OF STRESS
→
N , KH lb , kips N/ma
f- ,

?
=
A- → m2 , mm2 , jn2 ft
,

• =

Nm_z= Pa or Pascal 0=_¥z =

psf

psi
07¥
=

P=kmN_mz= 6Pa

8- ÷z = MPa
 Given two bars of same
length but different
materials suspended
from a common
support, determine
n which bar is stronger?
*

a¥
IF ✗

* ¥-1
f
i. 1*1*-1
P P
v1
BARI
P BARE
A= 2mm
? ✓ 'd I
A--40mm
ma×p= 200N / mail p= 800N

÷
.

:÷
=¥=E1
.
⇐
•
'
2mm

9--100 # → 100 MPa 02

=
20m¥ ,
→ 20 MPa
A hollow steel tube with an outside diameter of 200 mm is subjected to
-

an axial tensile force of 400 KN. Determine the thickness of the tube if
the stress is limited to 130 MPa.

GIVEN :
8=130 MPa
=
130µm z

← P= 400kW =
400000N
+ ,

¥-1 f.
+

Area * circle :

¥(diameter>
+ I
SOLUTION :
a-
1-
A- =
¥12002 )
-

¥142) OR A =

¥12002 -
d2 )

400000N
Botmdmi
¥12002 -

DZ )
D= 189.95mm I 190mm

200 -
D= It
200-190=2t

-1=25
|t=5mm
 For the truss as shown in the figure, determine the stresses in members DE and DF.
-1
The cross-
=
sectional area of each member is 1.8 sq.inches. Indicate whether tension (T) or compression (C).
STRUCTURE :

CONSIDER WHOLE
,

RAX
→
µ☒ ÉMA -07ft
3046 ) -

RFy(247=0
p p

'
RAY
loKips
RFY
= zokips RFy= 3024¥
EMF : 07Mt
20 Kips
RAyG4) -30187=0 Rfyi

RAy=3% clokips
☒Ñ DF

*qE¥ YÉ%
component
DB .io -

Fsino
c
y
-

°M← <
-

" •
→ EF
✓ °
Frost ✗
-

P \ p
lokips zokips Sint _-É=6-
Zokips
EMB -07ft
DE (8)
-0
106871-3018)
Efy -079T
-

-_lt✗
DE
81 201-1*-1%-1=0
DE
-
40 Kips DF -
-33.33 Kips

DF= 33.33 Kips (c)

FDE
__
40 Kips

qq.at?gg=-=33-33kiPS
'

A : 1.8in
F-
T.EE?n-t.8in2
| t.QH-18.BZ#-
SHEARING STRESS
- is produced when there is sliding between separate bodies or whenever
the applied loads cause one section of the body to tend to slide past its
adjacent section. Ps
Symbolically expressed as I =

As

where:
T = shearing stress
Ps = shearing force
As = sheared area

¥
Ps, shearing force and As, sheared area are Il to each other

BEARING STRESS
- is the contact pressure between separate bodies. "
Symbolically expressed as a- '÷
where:
Ob = bearing stress
Pb = bearing force
Ab = bearing or contact area
Pb , bearing force and Ab , bearing area are 1- to each other
im
Bear
A punch tor making holes a steel plates is shown in Figure 1.5. Assume that a punch having
diameter d = 20mm is used to punch hole in an 8-mm plate. If force P = 110 KN is required to
create a hole,
1. What is the average shear stress in the plate?
2. What is the average compressive
-
stress in the punch? P
3. What is the average bearing stress in the plate
t
a) I -1¥
11111m€ "*?¥
shear stress
|
-

,
AREA

,
#
1- = I 1

A
A= Idt

t.IE?m?my#m?t-
i
A- *
-
command

218.84m¥
↳ It 800mm
t/ =218.84MP#
=

¥i⑤¥ E-
t¥
" E-
¥=¥Y¥ _
E-
350.14m¥ ,
or 350.141hPa
/ as

c-f350.HN#fTfg07-
"°KN(l°
BEARING
C)
g. PIG
=
=

PUNCH

BEARING AREA

µ
 shearing

y
 54
In the figure shown, determine the minimum thickness
of each yoke and the minimum diameter of the bolt
that will support a load of 54 KN without exceeding a -yoke
shearing stress of 71 MPa and a bearing stress of 140
MPa.
diameter of bolt / bolt
a) minimum µ pop -

T - HMPa= > 1µm ,

T=¥ dTI☒ As
13=54 kN :
54000N
A-
¥42 iAz 54

71N
mÑ=
54000N
=/d=22mf
¢72
ofea# yoke
b) minimum thickness

1401*5-1%7 ,

ft-8.im#vttt
1
¥!F '

BOLT
The lap joint shown in Figure 1.7 is fastened by the four-15 mm g rivets. If the applied load P is
equally distributed among the four rivets.
A-
1. Calculate load P that can be applied if the shearing stress in the rivets is limited to 80 MPa.
2. Calculate load P that can be applied if the bearing stress in the plates is limited to 140 MPa.
3. What is the maximum safe load P?

→ *
56
$0

I - .
.

a) P= ?
t=aP_ =

80%92 80%
-_µ¥sy☒
To =
go MPa
=

A-
¥115T
=

p
: 80 (F) ( 157

P-56548.ci#f/p--56.55KN-
/

,¥¥¥** ,*=§¥n☐T¥É¥q* ¥"Y¥¥o-f

% " " "

b) Po ?
MPa
D F- 140¥ Komori )
-9=140
dt F- 168000N

%=¥
- A =

A -15×20 'm )
140µm
=

,
 toad P
56.55K€
'

c) Max
A steel strut S serving as a brace STRUT AND PIN
a) BEARING STRESS BETWEEN
for a boat hoist transmits a
compressive force P= 12 lb to the E- 12lb
g.
deck of a pier (Fig. 1-30a). The
=

Ztdpin 20.375×0.75)
strut has a hollow square cross strut

section with wall thickness 1 = ( bearing % 21.3

Kpsi
=
,

0.375 in. (Fig. 1-30b), and the

1- ¥w
angle A between the strut and the →
-

b) shear stress in pin

horizontal is 40°. A pin through the ↳
P_ 12lb
strut transmits the compressive T pin = =

2ltgpin-2ttlo.IS#Tpin=B.6kpsi
force from the strut to two gussets
G that are welded to the base plate
B. Four anchor bolts fasten the
base plate to the deck.
C '

BEARING STRESS BETWEEN PIN AND GUSSETS

The diameter of the pin is din =
%z=z¥Epin
12lb
0.75 in., the thickness of the =

gussets is IG = 0.625 in., the 2 (0.625×0.75)

thickness of the base plate is tp =
0.375 in., and the diameter of the %z= 12.8psI
anchor bolts is dolt = 0.50 in.
d) stress between anchor bolts and
Determine the following stresses: Bearing
(a) the bearing stress between the base plate
strut and the pin, (b) the shear (
.

12lb)[cos 40°)
stress in the pin, (c) the bearing o.bg
= Pcos# =

stress between the pin and the ftp.dpoott 4 (0-375) (0-50)

← Rosato
gussets, (d) the bearing stress
between the anchor bolts and the °
base plate, and (e) the shear stress Obi 12.3 Psi I
?
in the anchor bolts. (Disregard any
friction between the base plate and
①②→¥%if
the deck.)

e) shear stress in anchor bolts

¥¥%yÉ
Pos =

Tpsoit =

4¥dZ_
b-bolt 11.7 Ksi
=