SAINT LOUIS UNIVERSITY

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL AND MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

TECHNICAL REPORT FOR

ACTIVITY NO. 5

Module 3: Ansys Static Structural, Tensile Test of a Metallic Material

By:

LICHAUCO,ANTOINNE NATHANIEL S.
BS ME III

Submitted To:
ENGR. JESSREY MARK B. SOLIJON
Instructor

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Course
ME 3171: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS FOR ME
(7:30-8:30 W)
November 15, 2022
DISCUSSION OF THEORY
Tensile testing is a destructive test process that provides information about
the tensile strength, yield strength, and ductility of the metallic material. It
measures the force required to break a composite or plastic specimen and the
extent to which the specimen stretches or elongates to that breaking point.

Tensile testing also provides tensile strength (at yield and at break), tensile
modulus, tensile strain, elongation, and percent elongation at yield, elongation,
and elongation at break in percent http://www.intertek.com/polymers/tensile-
testing/. In-plane tensile testing of plain composite laminates is the most common
test. Tensile tests are also performed on resin-impregnated bundles of fibers
(“tows”), through thickness specimens (cut from thick sections of laminates), and
sections of sandwich core materials: https://www.qualitymag.com/articles/91960-
mechanical-testing-of-composites. Alignment is critical for composite testing
applications because composites are anisotropic and generally brittle, as the
anisotropy means that the properties and strength of the material differ depending
on the direction of the applied force or load. Thus, the tensile strength of a
composite material is very high in the direction parallel to the fiber orientation,
while the tensile strength is much lower if tested in any other direction.
Interestingly, to determine maximum tensile strength in the direction parallel to
the fiber direction, the tensile test must have superior axial-load-string alignment,
primarily critical in the aerospace industry, where composites are often applied in
high-tensile-stress structures. Currently, a range of proven gripping mechanisms
including manual, pneumatic, and hydraulic actuation is available for ambient,
subambient, and high-temperature testing, ranging between −269 and 600°C.

New sample, lateral to axis σf = 84 MNm− 2

New sample, parallel to axis σf = 81 MNm− 2
Failed sample, lateral σf = 55 MNm− 2
Failed sample, parallel σf = 80 MNm− 2
All samples showed virtually identical strain to break of about 10%. The sample tested across
the axis showed the lowest strength, probably caused by a small stress concentration in the
outer surface. Flow lines could be seen in all the samples where the fibres were oriented during
moulding from a central gate (Fig. 2.8). It was interesting to note that all values were well below
the strength given in the material supplier’s data sheet of 140 MNm− 2 at a strain of 6%. So
although the test did show a small difference between good and failed material, it did not point
to the reasons for failure.

A material's tensile strength is probably the first and foremost concern amongst designers,
materials suppliers. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) is the maximum stress that a material
can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. The force is measured with
the test machine’s load cell and converted to stress by the test machine’s controller
software. UTS is calculated by dividing the peak tension force the test sample withstands by
its cross sectional area. Tensile testing is a common materials test in which the test sample
is subjected to a controlled tension load until it breaks. The tensile strength may differ from
the specimen's strength at break, depending on whether the material is brittle, ductile, or
both. In the case of brittle materials the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point,
whereas in ductile materials the ultimate tensile strength is typically higher.
Properties that are directly measured via a tensile strength test include ultimate tensile
strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. The ultimate
tensile strength is found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress.
The highest point of the stress-displacement curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has
units of stress.

In tensile testing applications, Young's Modulus is commonly referred to as Tensile Modulus.

Modulus is a measure of the elastic stiffness of the test sample that applies only to the
linear portion of the curve. If the tensile load is removed from the sample, then it will
return to the same position that it had before the load was applied. As the load increases
and the curve becomes nonlinear then Hooke's Law no longer applies and permanent or
plastic deformation occurs. Once the sample takes a permanent stretch, it reaches the yield
strength of the material, also known as proof strength. Commonly this set of tensile test
data, or test results would include elastic limit, tensile strength, yield point, yield strength,
elongation, and Young's Modulus.

A tensile test is used to check the quality of different materials based on their properties such
as ductility, hardness, yield strength, and tensile strength. When selecting materials for a
final product or prototype, you need to know if they will stand up to real-world use. Every
material has a breaking point, so knowing how strong your materials are can alert you if you
 are using something that won’t hold up well under stress. When choosing fabrics, metal
alloys, paper pulp and other raw materials, a tensile test can help you select the strongest
available options.

Computer Simulation
A. Geometry - contains the dimensions used for your geometry, including a screenshot of
your geometry in Ansys.
B. Materials - contains the specifications used in the model in terms of its materials. Specify
any property/properties of the material that you have altered during the simulation
process.

C. Mesh - contains the discretization process that you have done in your computer
simulation, including the element size and order with a screenshot of your meshing
 process in Ansys.

D. Set up - contains the initial, boundary, and loading conditions that you have implied in
your computer simulation. Including the magnitudes, directions, and where the initial,
boundary, and loading conditions are placed in the model.
STANDARD EARTH GRAVITY
 FORCE

FIXED SUPPORT
E. Solution - contains the required solution packages that are required in the computer
simulation. Details will be provided to you for each activity.

TOTAL DEFORMATION

DIRECTIONAL DEFORMATION
 Observation and Conclusion

From the simulation, it can be seen that for the case the solution is no error occurred
and he result is completely precise and goof.
In making the model some error occurred but we have or I have a chance to fic it in
time.
Appendices
- Contains the supplementary photos (screenshots), charts, figures, etc.
References
• https://www.testresources.net/applications/test-types/tensile-test/
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/tensile-testing
• https://labtesting.com/services/materials-testing/mechanical-
testing/tensile-testing/