‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫ﺘﻤﺎرﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺗﺼﺤﻴﺢ اﻟ‬

‫ﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪01:‬‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫ﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﻨﻘﻄ ﺔ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔ اﻟﻔﺎﺻﻠ ﺔ‪ :‬ﻫﺬه اﻟﻨﻘﻄ ﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺠﻴﻮد‬

‫‪1-‬ار‬

‫ﺘﺪرج اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﺪاﺧﻠ ﺔ" اﻟﻀﻴﻘ ﺔ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳ ﺔﺗﺸﻴﺮ إﱃ اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮرﻳ ﺔ "اﻟﻤ‬
‫‪2-‬اﻟﺨﻄﻮط اﻟﻜﻨ‬

‫ﻓﻮر ت‬

‫ﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪ArcGIS :‬‬
‫ﺘﺨﺪام اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳ‬‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺰوﻣ‬
‫ﺘﺎج اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻢ إﻧ‬
‫‪3-‬ﻳ‬

‫ﺗﻮر )‪(UTM‬‬
‫ﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻠﺠﺰاﺋﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻛﺎ‬
‫‪4-‬اﻹﺳﻘﺎط اﻟﺤﺎﻟ ﻲ اﻟﻤ ﺴ‬

‫ﺘﺨﺪام ‪ :‬ﻣﺠ ﺲﻳﺪوي )ﺻﻮ ت(‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻮﻳﺎ ت اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﺳ‬
‫ﺘﻄﻠ ﺐ ﻗﻴﺎس ﻣ ﺴ‬
‫‪5-‬ﻳ‬

‫ﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪02:‬‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ اﻟﺠﻴﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ وﻇﺮوف اﻟﺤﺪود واﻟﻤﻘﺎﻳﻴ ﺲ اﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺋﻴ ﺔ ﻟﺨﺰاﻧﺎ ت اﻟﻤﻴﺎه اﻟﺠﻮﻓﻴ ﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺰورة‬
‫ﺒﻴﺰوﻣ‬
‫ﺜﻞ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟ‬
‫ﺗﻤ‬‫‪1-‬‬

‫ﺋﻴ ﺴ ﻲ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﺘ ﺶ ﻫﻮ ﺧﻂ اﻟﺰوال اﻟﺮ‬
‫‪2-‬ﻏﺮﻳﻨ‬

‫ﺘﻮاء ﻫﻮ اﻟﻤﻮازي اﻷﺻﻠ ﻲ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬

‫‪3-‬ﺧﻂ اﻻﺳ‬

‫ﺒ ﺲ‪ .‬ﻣﺰورة‬
‫ﺗﻢﺗﺨﻄﻴﻂ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﻬﻴﻜﻠﻴ ﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﺰان اﻟﺠﻮﻓ ﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﻨﺤﻨﻴﺎ ت ﻫﻴﺪروﻣﻴ ﺴﻮ ﻫﻴ‬
‫‪4-‬‬

‫ﺘﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﺠﻮﻓ ﻲ ﻟﺠﺪول ﻣﺎﺋ ﻲ‪ .‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬

‫ﺗﺠﺎه اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ ﻫ ﻲ ﺧﺮﻳﻄ ﺔﺗﺠﻌﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ا‬
‫ﺒﻴﺰوﻣ‬
‫‪5-‬اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ اﻟ‬

‫ﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪03:‬‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت؟‬
‫‪1-‬ﻣﺎ ﻫ ﻲ أﻧﻮاع اﻹﺣﺪا‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴ ﺔ‬
‫اﻹﺣﺪا‬
‫ﺗﻴ ﺔ‬
‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت اﻟﺪﻳﻜﺎر‬
‫اﻹﺣﺪا‬

‫‪2-‬ﻣﺎ ﻫ ﻲ أﻧﻮاع اﻹﺳﻘﺎﻃﺎ ت؟‬

‫•اﻹﺳﻘﺎط اﻷﺳﻄﻮاﻧ ﻲ اﻹﺳﻘﺎط اﻟﻤﺨﺮوﻃ ﻲ •‬

‫ﺘﻲ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻘﺎط اﻟ ﺴﻤ‬

‫‪3-‬ﻛﻢ ﻣﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ زﻣﻨﻴ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮ ‪ ،‬أذﻛﺮ ﻫﺎ؟‬

‫ﺘﻞ اﻟﺠﺰاﺋﺮ ‪04‬ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ‪ ،‬ﻫ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺗﺤ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ رﻗﻢ ‪29:‬ﻣﻦ ‪-12‬درﺟ ﺔ إﱃ ‪-6‬درﺟﺎ ت‬

‫•اﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘ ﺔ اﻟﺰﻣﻨﻴ ﺔ رﻗﻢ ‪30:‬ﻣﻦ ‪-6‬درﺟﺎ ت إﱃ ‪0‬درﺟ ﺔ‬

‫•اﻟﻤﻐﺰل رﻗﻢ ‪31:‬ﻣﻦ ‪0‬درﺟ ﺔ إﱃ ‪6‬درﺟﺎ ت‬

‫ﺑ ﺐ رﻗﻢ ‪32:‬ﻣﻦ ‪6‬درﺟﺎ ت إﱃ ‪12‬درﺟ ﺔ‬

‫•ﻣﺪ‬

‫‪4-‬ﻣﺎ ﻫ ﻲ اﻟﺨﺮاﺋﻂ اﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴ ﺔ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺧﺮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺨﺰان اﻟﺠﻮﻓ ﻲ؟‬

‫ﺘﺎ ب ﻫﻴﻜﻠ ﻲ‬
‫ﻛ‬

‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺰوﻣ‬‫•ﺧﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫ﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪04:‬‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫ﺒﻠﺪﻳ ﺔ ‪X‬ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ أدﻧﺎه‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ )م( اﻟﻤﻘﺎﺳ ﺔ ﻋﲆ أرض اﻟ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺰوﻣ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎ ت اﻟ‬
‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻻر‬

‫ﺒﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ؟‬
‫‪1-‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻮع اﻟ‬

‫ﺘﺮﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺰوﻣ‬‫•ﺧﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‪ :‬أ ‪ ،‬ب ‪ ،‬ج ‪ ،‬د ‪ ،‬ﻫـ ؟‬

‫‪2-‬‬

‫•أ‪ :‬اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‬

‫• ب‪L'orientation :‬‬
‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت‬
‫•ج‪ :‬اﻹﺣﺪا‬

‫‪• D:‬وﺳﻴﻠ ﺔ اﻹﻳﻀﺎح ‪• E:‬ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت؟‬
‫‪3-‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻧﻮع اﻹﺣﺪا‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﻓﻴ ﺔ‬
‫اﻹﺣﺪا‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت إﱃ درﺟﺎ ت ﻋﺸﺮﻳ ﺔ؟‬

‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﻫﺬه اﻹﺣﺪا‬
‫ﺛﻴﺎ ت ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ‪PZ05‬و ‪PZ09‬و‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ إﺣﺪا‬
‫‪4-‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻂ اﻟﺰوال‪0 ° 10'0 "W :‬‬‫ﺘﻘﺎﻃﻊ‬

‫ﺒﻴ ﺖ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟ ﻲ ‪PZ09‬ﻋﲆ اﻟ‬
‫ﺜ‬ ‫وﻓ ًﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ ‪،‬ﻳ‬
‫ﺘﻢﺗ‬

‫ً‬ ‫ً‬
‫"´‪°‬‬

‫)ﺷﻤﺎﻻ( ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ‪PZ09 ( :‬‬ ‫"ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‬ ‫ﺘﻮازي‪28 ° 50'0 :‬‬

‫ﺑًﺎ( ‪ ،‬واﻟﻤ‬
‫‪):‬ﻏﺮ‬ ‫)"´‪°‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ أﺻﻞ اﻟﺰوال‬‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻟﻤﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟ ﻲ ‪PZ05 ،‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂﻳﻘﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ ﺴ‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﻻ ‪،‬‬‫ﺘ ﺶ(‪0 ° 0'0 "، :‬واﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻤﻮازي‪28 ° 50'0" :‬‬
‫)ﻏﺮﻳﻨ‬

‫ﺘﻮازي‪° 50'0" :‬‬

‫ﺘ ﺶ(‪0 ° 0'0 "، :‬واﻟﻤ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟ ﻲ ‪PZ05‬وأﺻﻞ اﻟﺰوال )ﻏﺮﻳﻨ‬‫ﺑﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔ‬‫ﺑﻊ وﻣ ﺴﻄﺮة ‪ ،‬ﻗﻤﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺘﺨﺪام ﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳ‬‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓ ﻲ ﻫﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟ ﺔ ‪،‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎﻻ‪.‬‬‫‪28‬‬

‫ﺛﻴﺎ تﻳ ﺴﺎوي ‪10‬دﻗﺎﺋﻖ‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴﻴﻦﺗ ﺴﺎوي ‪3.9‬ﺳﻢ ‪ ،‬واﻟﻔﺮق ﻓ ﻲ اﻹﺣﺪا‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﺘﻮازﻳﻦ ﻣ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣ‬‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴﻴﻦ أو‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻄ ﻲ زوال ﻣ‬‫وﻓ ًﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔ‬

‫‪3،9‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫‪0،9‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄ ﺔ اﻟﻤ ﺴﻄﺮة‬‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔﺗﻘﻴ ﺲ‬

‫ﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺮ‬‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔﺗﻘﺎس‬

‫ﺣ ﺴ ﺐ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫‪3،9‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪0.9‬ﻟﺬا =‬ ‫´‪10‬دﻗﻴﻘ ﺔ ‪10‬‬ ‫´‬

‫اﻟﻄﻮل ‪ "λ: 0 ° X´0‬ﻫﻮ ؛ ﻋﲆ أ‬
‫‪3،9‬‬
‫و‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪0،9‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫؟ = ´‪X‬‬

‫‪3،9‬ﺳﻢ‬

‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄ ﺔ اﻟﻤ ﺴﻄﺮة‬‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔﺗﻘﻴ ﺲ‬ ‫ﺑﻊ‬

‫ﺑﻤﺮ‬‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓ ﺔﺗﻘﺎس‬

‫‪3،9‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫‪10‬دﻗﺎﺋﻖ‬
‫ﺧﻂ اﻟﻌﺮض‪28 :‬درﺟ ﺔ ‪"(50 + X) ´0‬ﺷﻤﺎل ؛ ﻋﲆ أ‬ ‫=‬
‫‪0،7‬‬ ‫‪10‬‬ ‫´‬
‫=‬
‫‪3،9‬‬
‫و‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪0،7‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫؟= ´‪X‬‬

‫‪°‬‬
‫‪PZ05: ( :°‬‬ ‫)‬
‫"´‬
‫و‬
‫"´‬
‫و‬

‫ﺗﺼﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺛ ﺔﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻻ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎد‬

‫])‬ ‫و‬
‫)‬
‫])( ‪PZ09 ( = - [ + () + (= [+ () +‬ﻟﺬا ‪PZ09 ( = -‬‬
‫) =‬ ‫و‬

‫=‬
‫و‬

‫و‬
‫)‬
‫) ])( ‪PZ05 ( = [+ ( ، ) + ()] = [+ ( ، ) +‬ﻟﺬا = ( ‪PZ05‬‬

‫ﺘﺪرج اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜ ﻲ؟‬

‫ﺘﺞ اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻨ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ ‪PZ05‬و ‪PZ09‬واﺳ‬‫‪5-‬ﺣﺪد اﻟﻄﻮل‬
‫ﺣ ﺴ ﺐ اﻟﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻮاﺳﻄ ﺔ اﻟﻤ ﺴﻄﺮة‬‫ﻫﺬه اﻟﻤ ﺴﺎﻓﺎ تﺗﻘﻴ ﺲ‬

‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺚ ﻧﺠﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻖ ﻃﺮﻳﻘ ﺔ اﻟﻤ‬
‫ﺘﻄ‬‫ﺑ‬

‫‪7‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫‪3،25‬ﻛﻢ‬ ‫= ‪3.25‬‬

‫‪4.8‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪7‬‬
‫‪4،8‬ﺳﻢ‬ ‫إل‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬
‫ﺘﺪرج اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜ ﻲ =‬
‫اﻟ‬

‫ﺑﻮﺻ ﺔ )م( ؛‬
‫ﺘﺮ ‪PZ05‬و ‪PZ09‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺰوﻣ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺟﻬﺎزي‬‫= ‪Δh‬ﻓﺮق اﻟﺮأس اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜ ﻲ‬

‫ﺘ ًﺮا‪.‬‬
‫ﺘ ًﺮا وأن ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟ ﻲ ‪PZ09‬ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪22‬ﻣ‬
‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن ﻣﻘﻴﺎس اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺤﺠﺎﺟ ﻲ ‪PZ05‬ﻳﻘﻊ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻰ ‪34‬ﻣ‬

‫‪Δℎ 34-22‬‬
‫=‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ =‬ ‫=‬
‫و‬
‫‪2229‬‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟ ﻲ ﻓﺈنﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻤﻴﺎهﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ‪PZ05 piezometer‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬
‫ﺑـ ‪PZ09 (22) ،‬و‬ ‫‪6-‬وﻓ ًﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺨﺮﻳﻄ ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن اﻟﺮأس اﻟﻬﻴﺪروﻟﻴﻜ ﻲ ﻓ ﻲ )‪PZ05 piezometer (34m‬ﻛ‬
‫ﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧ ﺔ‬

‫إﱃ ‪PZ09.‬‬

‫ﺘﺪﻓﻖ‪:‬‬
‫‪-‬ﺣ ﺴﺎ ب اﻟ‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﻖ اﻟﺼﻴﻐ ﺔ اﻟ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن دارﺳ ﻲ ﺻﺎﻟﺤ ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎﺗﻄ‬
‫ﺘﻄ‬‫ﺘﻮازن ( ﻟ‬
‫ﺘﺠﺎﻧ ﺲ وﻣ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ اﻟﺸﺮوط )اﻟﺼﻔﺎﺋﺤﻴ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ وﺳﻂ ﻣ‬

‫س = ك *أ *أﻧﺎ‬

‫ﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎ ت‪ :‬؛ ‪k = 10-6 m / s‬‬

‫اﻟ‬

‫و اﻟ ﺴﻤﺎﻛ ﺔ ‪= 30‬م واﻟﻌﺮض ‪= 6‬ﻛﻢ ‪ ،‬ﻟﺬا أ ‪= 30 * 6 * 103‬‬ ‫أ ‪= 18 * 104‬م ‪2‬‬

‫ﺒﻴﻖ ﻗﺎﻧﻮن دارﺳ ﻲ ‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﻄ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻟﺬا ﻗﻢ‬

‫‪0,05 ; Q = 10-6‬‬
‫‪0,009* m3‬‬ ‫‪/s *18‬‬
‫‪* 104‬‬ ‫س‬