THE LEARNER THE FUNDAMENTAL EQUIPMENT OF THE LEARNER

WHAT SHOULD WE REMEMBER ABOUT THE LEARNER?

COGNITIVE FACULTIES
The LEARNER is an EMBODIED SPIRIT
SENTIENT BODY x RATIONAL SOUL Five Senses

The five sense are part of the sentient body. For effective and
COGNITIVE FACULTIES OF THE LEARNER
efficient learning, it is important that they function normally.
FIVE SENSES
INSTINCTS “there is nothing in the mind which was not first in some
IMAGINATION
INTELLECT manner in the senses.
MEMORY

APPETITIVE FACULTIES OF THE LEARNER Instincts

FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS
RATIONAL WILL Comes from the Latin word instincts which means impulse.

The learner has a natural or inherent capacity or tendency to

FACTORS THAT CONTIBUTE TO THE DIFFERENCES AMONG
respond to environmental stimuli such as danger signs for
THE LEARNERS
survival or self-preservation.
ABILITY
APTITUDE
INTERESTS
ATTITUDE & VALUES
FAMILY & CULTURAL BACKGROUND Imagination

Is the ability to form a mental image of something that is not

perceived through the senses.
PRINCIPLES OF TEACHING

The learner is an embodied spirit.

Memory
He / she is an union of a sentient body and rational soul. His/
This is the cognitive faculty of retaining and recalling past
her body experiences sensations and feels pleasure and pain.
experiences.
His/ her soul is the principle of acts, the source of intellectual
abstraction, self-reflection and free rational volition. Body
and soul exist in mutual dependence.(Kelly, 1965)
Intellect

By the learner’s intellect, he/she can engage in cognitive

As teachers then, let us care for embodied spirit- learner. Let processes such as forming ideas or concepts, reasoning out
us feed his/her body as well as his/her spirit. and making judgment.

Reasoning includes analyzing.

Judging is evaluating.
 LEARNING STYLES
APPETITIVE FACULTIES SILVER
FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS

• Emotions is the on/off switch for learning.

• POSITIVE FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS make the

teaching-learning process an exciting and a joyful,
fruitful affair.

• NEGATIVE FEELINGS AND EMOTIONS makes the

same process a burden. The lessons that we learn
and remember most are those that have struck us in
one way or another.

RATIONAL WILL

• serves as a guiding force and the main integrating

force in his/her character. By his/her will, the
learners wills what his/her intellect presents as good
and desirable.

• the learners will make his/her free to choose or not

to choose to do the good as presented by his/her
⁃ practical
intellect.
• the free will that will not allow the learner to be
totally determined by his/her environment.
• the degree to which the learner is influenced by
his/her environment depends ultimately the strength
of his/her will.
• the learners whose will is WEAK will easily succumbs
⁃ gusto nya nakikita
⁃ u look af the painting and u understand right away
⁃ papanoorin nya tas gagayahin nya until mamaster
⁃ v attentive kay pe teacher kc observe every step
⁃ motivated to master something
⁃ matyagang mag memorize
⁃ v good sa procedure, every step forda follow
⁃ ayaw ng walang ginagawa, gusto busy lagi
⁃ wag vague directions--- must vvv clear, dont keep them guessing
⁃ does not want to waste time
⁃ vague task -> irritation
⁃ klaro umpisa p lng dapat

to the bad influence of his/her peer group even if ⁃ mahusay magtanda

his/her intellect tells him/her or not. ⁃ let him do it
⁃ learning by doing
⁃ di lang basta memorize
• the learner with a STRONG will shall resist the
temptation to be influenced by bad peer group. ⁃ ano silbi neto sakin
⁃ results agad dapat
⁃ make them realize the value of what theyre doing
THEREFORE, THE FOCUS OF VALUES EDUCATION SHOULD BE ⁃ loves recognition-- praise kink
THE STRENGTHENING OF THE WILL.
⁃ gusto nga kasi tangible
⁃ pag si teacher nagtanong, tas close your eyes tas imagine yourself tas
forda complain na forda AYAW
⁃ di nya maaappreciate abstract art kc pag iisipan nya pa yon
⁃ no to imagination kc
⁃ "what do u think mc felt" forda AYAW
⁃ no to open-ended activities
⁃ ayaw ng di bibigyan ng ending, ayaw ng puro opinyon

⁃ pang quiz bee

⁃ mahusay makinig ⁃ gusto na iniintindi bagay bagay
⁃ always willing to help ⁃ malalim mag isip
⁃ pwdeng maging psychology counsellors ⁃ pinipilit palalalimin the things
⁃ they lov to listen to help to study situation ⁃ finding connections to issues
⁃ naturally friendly accommodating approachable ⁃ gusto theories princi law issue
⁃ happy sa group works
⁃ into abstract ideas
⁃ work together study together
⁃ matiyagang magbasa magresearch observe
⁃ ayaw ng individual tasks
⁃ pano makakatulong sakin to personally emotionally socially ⁃ bc u want to be able to und somthing deeply
⁃ how things r related to one another
⁃ gusto ng sharing ng thots tas yung sa "what do u think" ⁃ analysis conclusion forda GUSTO
⁃ di mapakali pag nag iisa ⁃ debate
⁃ ayaw ng competition
⁃ political
⁃ pang acting ⁃ give a task and let him do it on his own
⁃ pang talk show ⁃ gusto may choice, ayaw dinidiktahan
⁃ gusto ieexplore

⁃ ayaw ng puro details

 VISUAL LEARNERS

⁃ let me see it
⁃ faster when seeing
⁃ absorbing quicker if pics demos diagrams cartoons
⁃ anything that tcher uses — visual aids
⁃ w out vis aids = easily distracted
⁃ attracted by colors, pero wag too much
⁃ too much color = distraction
⁃ tchers are also vis aids
⁃ minimally lang pwd sumunod sa fashion
charts, maps, notes, and flash cards
pictures, diagrams, cartoons, demonstrations

AUDITORY LEARNERS

⁃ let me hr it

⁃ naaabsord agad lectures pag naririnig

⁃ kailangan spoken info

⁃ kahit wag na notes kc matatandaan

⁃ creative artistic
⁃ expressing creatively ⁃ ayaw nakikipag eye contact kc madidistract
⁃ bigyan mo ng work tas freedom to express
⁃ maingay magbasa
⁃ ayaw ng dinidiktahan
⁃ how do u interpret this stanza ⁃ gusto may bg music
⁃ loves open-ended discussions

⁃ pag iisp ng malalim lalim

TACTILE OR KINESTHETIC LEARNERS
⁃ gusto sya nakaka discover
⁃ give me somthing fo do let me do it my way ⁃ let me experience it
⁃ ayaw ng masyadong details
⁃ gusto nya sya mag eexplore ⁃ hands on
⁃ ayaw ng demmanding routines
⁃ tle baking hoe to use mivroscope
⁃ freedom kf expression
⁃ nagsusulat

VAT • Create study sheets connected to vivid examples

Information enters your brain three main ways: sight, hearing • Role-playing can help them learn and
and touch, which one you use the most is called your remember important ideas
Learning Style
• May benefit by using manipulatives
• Visual Learners learn by sight
• Auditory Learners learn by hearing
• Tactile Learners (kinesthetic) learn by touch
HOWARD GARDNER: INTELLIGENCE PROFILE

A theory of “multiple intelligences,” suggesting abilities seem thinking/feelng (dec making)

to cluster in eight different areas:
th f
• Verbal-Linguistic Skills (speaking; essay; grammar)
Like to take an objective Prefer emotion to logic.
• Logical-Mathematical Skills (prob solving; number) approach and emphasize
logic and analysis in their Give greater weight to the
• Bodily-Kinesthetic Skills (dance; sports; art) decisions. impact of relationships in
their decisions.
• Visual-Spatial Skills (imagination; interior design; Prefer objective feedback,
feng shui) and thrive when there is Prefer positive feedback
pressure to succeed and individual recognition.
• Interpersonal Abilities (connecting w others;
counselling) ⁃ ano b tlga ung maganda ⁃ if emotions
• Intrapersonal Abilities (self) ung the best ⁃ considerate of
⁃ regardless of kaibigan qba relationships
• Musical Abilities
sya ⁃ kunsintidor
• Naturalistic Abilities (environment; plantita gaming)
⁃ practicality, pjnaka
madaling gawin

ACC TO PERSONALITY

extra/intro (soc orien) judging/perceiving (achieving goals)

extro
Like talking with others and
taking action.
Prefer active learning and
group projects.
⁃ di nauubusan ng kwento
⁃ madaling kausap
⁃ interpersonal learner /
abilities
⁃ maraming ideas
⁃ di nahihiyang mag share
⁃ initiative
⁃ mahusay sa follow up sa
probing
intro j p
Prefer to have others do the Prefer clearly defined Like to consider all sides to
talking. strategies to achieve goals. a problem and may be at
Prefer lectures and some risk for not
May jump to closure too completing their work.
structured tasks. quickly.
⁃ listeners lng Prefer spontaneity and
Prefer orderliness,
flexibility.
⁃ tipid, pag kaulangan lang structure, and deadlines.
magsalita ⁃ consider lahat
⁃ made up mind
⁃ mahiyain ⁃ di matapos bc dami
⁃ di na pweds baguhin consult
⁃ di firm

⁃ life of the party