ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!!

ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

TUTORIAL SET 1

SOLUTIONS

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Question 1

a. lim(𝑥 3 − 1) = (1)3 − 1 = 0
𝑥→1
b. lim(𝑥 4 − 3𝑥 3 + 2𝑥 − 1)
𝑥→5
(5) − 3(5)3 + 2(5) − 1 = 259
4

𝑥 2 −1
c. lim (2𝑥−2)
𝑥→3
2
(3) − 1
=2
2(3) − 2

Question 2

With this type of limit, if you apply the limit directly, it will give an undefined answer so you
have to do further deductions before applying the limit.

𝑥 3 −1
a. lim ( )
𝑥→1 𝑥−1
So we factorize the numerator,
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1)
lim
𝑥→1 (𝑥 − 1)
2
lim(𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 1)
𝑥→1
2
(1) − 2(1) + 1 = 0

𝑥 2 −2𝑥+1
b. lim
𝑥→1 𝑥−1
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 1)
lim
𝑥→1 (𝑥 − 1)
lim 𝑥 − 1
𝑥→1
1−1=0
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√𝑥+ℎ−√𝑥
c. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
With this, we cannot factorize the numerator so we have to rationalize it by multiplying
both the numerator and the denominator by √𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥
(√𝑥 + ℎ − √𝑥)(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)
(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑥
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)

𝑥+ℎ−𝑥
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)

ℎ
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥)
1
lim
ℎ→0 √𝑥 + ℎ + √𝑥
1 1 1
= =
√𝑥 + 0 + √𝑥 √𝑥 + √𝑥 2 √𝑥

𝑥 2−16
d. lim ( )
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 −4𝑥
𝑥 2 − 42
lim
𝑥→4 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥
(𝑥 − 4)(𝑥 + 4)
lim
𝑥→4 𝑥(𝑥 − 4)
𝑥+4
lim
𝑥→4 𝑥
4+4 8
= =2
4 4

√9+ℎ−3
e. lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
With this, we cannot factorize the numerator so we have to rationalize it by multiplying
both the numerator and the denominator by √9 + ℎ + 3
(√9 + ℎ − 3)(√9 + ℎ + 3)
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√9 + ℎ + 3)
9+ℎ−9
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√9 + ℎ + 3)

ℎ
lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√9 + ℎ + 3)

1
lim
ℎ→0 √9 + ℎ + 3
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1 1 1 1
= = =
√9+0+3 √9+3 3+3 6

Question 3

𝑓(𝑥, 𝑦) = 2𝑥 2 𝑦 3

𝑓(𝑥,𝑦+𝑘)−𝑓(𝑥,𝑦)
a. lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
2 (𝑦
2(𝑥) + 𝑘)3 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 3
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
2𝑥 2 (𝑦 3 + 3𝑦 2 𝑘 + 3𝑦𝑘 2 + 𝑘 3 ) − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 3
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
2𝑥 𝑦 + 6𝑥 𝑦 𝑘 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦𝑘 2 + 𝑘 3 − 2𝑥 2 𝑦 3
2 3 2 2
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 𝑘 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦𝑘 2 + 𝑘 3
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
𝑘(6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦𝑘 + 𝑘 2 )
lim
𝑘→0 𝑘
lim (6𝑥 𝑦 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦𝑘 + 𝑘 2 )
2 2
𝑘→0
6𝑥 2 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 2 𝑦(0) + (0)2 = 6𝑥 2 𝑦 2

Question 4

a. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠;
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
′ (𝑥)
𝑥 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑥 2
𝑦 = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
2𝑥ℎ + ℎ
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
ℎ(2𝑥 + ℎ)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim 2𝑥 + ℎ
ℎ→0
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 0 = 2𝑥
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b. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠;
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
3
(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑥3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 ℎ + 3𝑥ℎ2 + ℎ3 − 𝑥 3
3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2 2
′ (𝑥)
3𝑥 ℎ + 3𝑥ℎ + ℎ3
𝑦 = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
ℎ(3𝑥 + 3𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 )
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
′ (𝑥)
𝑦 = lim 3𝑥 + 3𝑥ℎ + ℎ2
2
ℎ→0
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥(0) + (0)2 = 3𝑥 2

c. 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠;
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 − √𝑥 − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

With this, we cannot factorize the numerator so we have to rationalize it by multiplying

both the numerator and the denominator by √𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1
(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 − √𝑥 − 1)(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1)
𝑥 + ℎ − 1 − (𝑥 − 1)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1)

𝑥+ℎ−1−𝑥+1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1)

ℎ
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ(√𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1)

1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 √𝑥 + ℎ − 1 + √𝑥 − 1
1 1 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = = =
√𝑥 + 0 − 1 + √𝑥 − 1 √𝑥 − 1 + √𝑥 − 1 2√𝑥 − 1

d. 𝑦 = √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠;
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𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 − √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ

With this, we cannot factorize the numerator so we have to rationalize it by multiplying

both the numerator and the denominator by √(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥)
(√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 − √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1) (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)
= lim
ℎ→0
ℎ (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)

(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 − (𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0
ℎ (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑥 − ℎ + 1 − 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0
ℎ (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)

′ (𝑥)
2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − ℎ
𝑦 = lim
ℎ→0
ℎ (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)

ℎ(2𝑥 + ℎ − 1)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0
ℎ (√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)

2𝑥 + ℎ − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0
(√(𝑥 + ℎ)2 − (𝑥 + ℎ) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1)
2𝑥 + 0 − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
√(𝑥 + 0)2 − (𝑥 + 0) + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1
2𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = =
√𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 + √𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1 2√𝑥 2 − 𝑥 + 1

Question 5

𝐴𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡

𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑟𝑠𝑡 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒𝑠;

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𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
Here since the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑐 has no variable of x, 𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = 𝑐

𝑐−𝑐 0
⇛ 𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim = lim = 0
ℎ→0 ℎ ℎ→0 ℎ

Question 6

𝐵𝑦 𝑑𝑒𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒, 𝑖𝑓 𝑦 = 𝑥 𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑛𝑥 𝑛−1

a. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1

b. 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4

c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 3
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 1

d. 𝑝 = 3𝑞 2 + 2𝑞 + 1
𝑝′ (𝑞) = 6𝑞 + 2

e. 𝑓(𝑥) = √2𝑥
1
𝑓(𝑥) = (2𝑥)2
1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = [ (2𝑥)2−1 (2)]
2
1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = (2𝑥)−2
1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 1 =
(2𝑥)2 √2𝑥
1
f. 𝑓(𝑞) = 2𝑞
𝑓(𝑞) = 2𝑞 −1
1
𝑓 ′ (𝑞) = −2𝑞 −2 = −
2𝑞 2

Question 7

a. 𝑦 = 𝑥 6
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 6𝑥 5
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b. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 12𝑥 2

3
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − √𝑥
1
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − (𝑥)3
1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − [ (𝑥)3−1 (1)]
3
1 2
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − [ (𝑥)−3 ]
3
1 1
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 4𝑥 3 − 3
2 = 4𝑥 − 3 2
3(𝑥)3 3 √𝑥

d. 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 8𝑥 − 2

e. 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(1) + (𝑥 + 2)(1)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 − 1 + 𝑥 + 2 = 2𝑥 + 1

𝑥 3 +𝑥 2
f. 𝑦 =
𝑥 2 +2
(𝑥 2 + 2)(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥) − (𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 )(2𝑥)
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(𝑥 2 + 2)2

3𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − (2𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 )
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 2 + 4

3𝑥 4 + 2𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 − 2𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 2 + 4

𝑥 4 + 6𝑥 2 + 4𝑥
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
𝑥 4 + 4𝑥 2 + 4

g. 𝑦 = (𝑥 + 3)2
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = [2(𝑥 + 3)(1)]
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 6

h. 𝑦 = (2𝑥 + 5)6
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = [6(2𝑥 + 5)5 (2)]
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𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 12(2𝑥 + 5)5

i. 𝑦 = (3𝑥 3 + 12)2 (2𝑥 5 − 9)3

𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = (3𝑥 3 + 12)2 [3(2𝑥 5 − 9)2 (10𝑥 4 )] + (2𝑥 5 − 9)3 [2(3𝑥 3 + 12)(9𝑥 2 )]

𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = (3𝑥 3 + 12)2 [30𝑥 4 (2𝑥 5 − 9)2 ] + (2𝑥 5 − 9)3 [18𝑥 2 (3𝑥 3 + 12)]

Question 8

a. 𝑦 = 𝑢2 + 3𝑢 + 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 3
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
But = 2𝑢 + 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 2𝑥
𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∴ = (2𝑢 + 3)(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
= 4𝑢𝑥 + 6𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Since we are differentiating with respect to x, the final answer must be in terms of x
𝑑𝑦
∴ = 4(𝑥 2 + 3)𝑥 + 6𝑥 = 4𝑥 3 + 12𝑥 + 6𝑥 = 4𝑥 3 + 18𝑥
𝑑𝑥

b. 𝑦 = (3𝑢2 + 5𝑢 + 4)2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢 = 𝑥 2 + 3

𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ×
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
But = [2(3𝑢2 + 5𝑢 + 4)(6𝑢 + 5)]
𝑑𝑢
= (12𝑢 + 10)(3𝑢2 + 5𝑢 + 4)
= 36𝑢3 + 60𝑢2 + 48𝑢 + 30𝑢2 + 50𝑢 + 40
= 36𝑢3 + 90𝑢2 + 98𝑢 + 40
𝑑𝑢
= 2𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
∴ = (36𝑢3 + 90𝑢2 + 98𝑢 + 40)(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥

𝑑𝑦
= 72𝑢3 𝑥 + 180𝑢2 𝑥 + 196𝑢𝑥 + 80𝑥
𝑑𝑥
Since we are differentiating with respect to x, the final answer must be in terms of x
𝑑𝑦
∴ = 72(𝑥 2 + 3)3 𝑥 + 180(𝑥 2 + 3)2 𝑥 + 196(𝑥 2 + 3)𝑥 + 80𝑥
𝑑𝑥
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 1
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𝑑𝑦
∴ = 72[(1)2 + 3]3 (1) + 180[(1)2 + 3]2 (1) + 196[(1)2 + 3](1) + 80(1) = 8352
𝑑𝑥

Question 9

To find the slope of the curve means to find the derivative of the function

a. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 + 3
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 6
∴ 𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2(6) + 3 = 15

3
b. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 ( √𝑥 + 1)
1
𝑦 = 𝑥 2 (𝑥 + 1)3
1 1 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 [ (𝑥 + 1)3−1 (1)] + (𝑥 + 1)3 (2𝑥)
3
1 2 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 [ (𝑥 + 1)−3 ] + 2𝑥(𝑥 + 1)3
3
1 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 [ 2 ] + 2𝑥(𝑥 + 1)
3
3(𝑥 + 1)3
1 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑥 2 ( 3 2 ) + 2𝑥 √𝑥 + 1
3 √𝑥 + 1
𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 2
1 3
∴ 𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = (2)2 ( 3 2 ) + 2(2) √2 + 1
3 √2 + 1
1 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 4 ( 3 2 ) + 4 √3 = 6 ∙ 41
3 √3

3
𝑥 2 + √𝑥+1
c. 𝑦 =
2𝑥−6

1
𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)3
𝑦=
2𝑥 − 6
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1 1 1
(2𝑥 − 6) [2𝑥 + (𝑥 + 1)3−1 (1)] − [𝑥 2 + (𝑥 + 1)3 ] (2)
3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(2𝑥 − 6)2

1 2 1
(2𝑥 − 6) [2𝑥 + (𝑥 + 1)−3 ] − [2𝑥 2 + 2(𝑥 + 1)3 ]
3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(2𝑥 − 6)2

1 1
(2𝑥 − 6) [2𝑥 + 2
2 ] − 2𝑥 − 2(𝑥 + 1)
3
3(𝑥 + 1)3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(2𝑥 − 6)2

2𝑥 2 1
4𝑥 2 + 2 − 12𝑥 −
2
2 − 2𝑥 − 2(𝑥 + 1)
3
3(𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 + 1)3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(2𝑥 − 6)2

2𝑥 2 1
2𝑥 2 + 2 − 12𝑥 − 2 − 2(𝑥 + 1)
3
3(𝑥 + 1)3 (𝑥 + 1)3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
(2𝑥 − 6)2

2𝑥 2 3
2𝑥 2 + 3
− 12𝑥 − 3
2 2 − 2 √𝑥 + 1
3 √𝑥 + 1 √𝑥 + 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
4𝑥 2 − 24𝑥 + 36

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 1
2(1) 2 3
2(1)2 + 3
− 12(1) − 3
2 2 − 2 √1 + 1
3 √1 + 1 √1 + 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2
= −0 ∙ 83
4(1) − 24(1) + 36

Question 10
1
𝑧𝑥 2 +2𝑧 2 (𝑥+1)2
a. 𝑦 =
2𝑥−6

Since we are differentiating with respect to z, all other term is remains constant
1
𝑥 2 + 4𝑧(𝑥 + 1)2
𝑦 ′ (𝑧) =
2𝑥 − 6

b. 𝑦 = √2𝑧𝑥 − 1
ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

1
𝑦 = (2𝑧𝑥 − 1)2
1 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑧) = (2𝑧𝑥 − 1)−2 (2𝑥 − 1)
2
2𝑥 − 1 2𝑥 − 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑧) = 1 =
2(2𝑧𝑥 − 1)2 2√2𝑧𝑥 − 1

Question 12
a. 𝑦 = ln 2𝑥
1 2 1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = × (2) = =
2𝑥 2𝑥 𝑥

b. 𝑦 = ln(4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2)
1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 2 × (8𝑥 + 5)
4𝑥 + 5𝑥 + 2

8𝑥 + 5
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) =
4𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 2

c. 𝑦 = ln(2𝑥 2 + 3)4
1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = × [4(2𝑥 2 + 3)3 (4𝑥)]
(2𝑥 2 + 3)4

1
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = × 16𝑥(2𝑥 2 + 3)3
(2𝑥 2 + 3)4

′ (𝑥)
16𝑥(2𝑥 2 + 3)3 16𝑥
𝑦 = =
(2𝑥 2 + 3)4 2𝑥 2 + 3

e. 𝑦 = 𝑒 𝑥
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 𝑥 (1) = 𝑒 𝑥

f. 𝑦 = 𝑒 2𝑥
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 2𝑥 (2) = 2𝑒 2𝑥

3
g. 𝑦 = 𝑒 3𝑥 +5𝑥+8
3 3
𝑦 ′ (𝑥) = 𝑒 3𝑥 +5𝑥+8 (9𝑥 2 + 5) = 9𝑥 2 + 5𝑒 3𝑥 +5𝑥+8

Question 13
ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

𝐶̅ = −1000𝑞 + 6 ∙ 75𝑞 2 − 10340

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑀𝐶 = 𝐶 ′ (𝑞)

𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜 𝐶 = 𝐶̅ × 𝑞

⇛ 𝐶 = (−1000𝑞 + 6 ∙ 75𝑞 2 − 10340)𝑞

𝐶 = −1000𝑞 2 + 6 ∙ 75𝑞 3 − 10340𝑞

∴ 𝐶 ′ (𝑞) = −2000𝑞 + 20 ∙ 25𝑞 2 − 10340

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑞 = 2000

𝐶 ′ (2000) = −2000(2000) + 20 ∙ 25(2000)2 − 10340

= −4000000 + 81000000 − 10340 = 76989660

Question 14

𝐶(𝑞) = 𝑞 2 + 80𝑞 + 3500

𝑀𝐶 = 𝐶 ′ (𝑞) = 2𝑞 + 80

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑞 = 100

∴ 𝐶 ′ (100) = 2(100) + 80 = 280

Question 15

𝑅(𝑥) = 12𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 + 16

a. 𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒(𝑇𝑅) = 12𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 + 16

b. 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒(𝑀𝑅) = 𝑅 ′ (𝑥) = 12 + 4𝑥
c. 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑛 𝑥 = 50
𝑅 ′ (50) = 12 + 4(50) = 212

Question 16

𝐶(𝑥) = ln(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 5 )4

𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑡𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 = 𝐶 ′ (𝑥)

1
𝑆𝑜 𝐶 ′ (𝑥) = × [4(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 5 )3 (6𝑥 + 10𝑥 4 )]
(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 5 )4
1
𝐶 ′ (𝑥) = (3𝑥 2 × [(24𝑥 + 40𝑥 4 )(3𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 5 )3 ]
+2𝑥 5 )4
ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

24𝑥+40𝑥 4
𝐶 ′ (𝑥) =
3𝑥 2 +2𝑥 5

𝑏𝑢𝑡 𝑥 = 100

′ (𝑥)
24(100) + 40(100)4
⇛ 𝐶 = = 0 ∙ 20
3(100)2 + 2(100)5

Question 17

900
𝑞 = 5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 4 𝑝=
𝑞+9

a. 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑦 = 𝑝′ (𝑞)

𝑝 = 900(𝑞 + 9)−1
900
𝑝′ (𝑥) = −900(𝑞 + 9)−2 = −
(𝑞 + 9)2

b. 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑡 𝑡𝑜 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜𝑦𝑒𝑒𝑠 = 𝑝′ (𝑚)

𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑝 𝑑𝑞
𝑝′ (𝑚) = = ×
𝑑𝑚 𝑑𝑞 𝑑𝑚
𝑑𝑝 900 𝑑𝑞
𝐵𝑢𝑡 =− 2
𝑎𝑛𝑑 = 10𝑚 + 2
𝑑𝑞 (𝑞 + 9) 𝑑𝑚

𝑑𝑝 900
∴ =− × (10𝑚 + 2)
𝑑𝑚 (𝑞 + 9)2

𝑑𝑝 −900(10𝑚 + 2)
=
𝑑𝑚 (𝑞 + 9)2

𝑑𝑝 −9000𝑚 − 1800
=
𝑑𝑚 (𝑞 + 9)2
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑞 = 5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 4

𝑑𝑝 −9000𝑚 − 1800 −9000𝑚 − 1800

⇛ = 2 2
=
𝑑𝑚 (5𝑚 + 2𝑚 + 4 + 9) (5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 13)2

𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑟 𝑑𝑞
c. 𝑀𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝑅𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑢𝑒 = 𝑟 ′ (𝑚) = 𝑑𝑚 = 𝑑𝑞 × 𝑑𝑚
900 900𝑞
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑟 = 𝑝 × 𝑞 = ( )𝑞 =
𝑞+9 𝑞+9
𝑑𝑟 (𝑞 + 9)(900) − (900𝑞)(1) 900𝑞 + 8100 − 900𝑞 8100
𝑆𝑜 = 2
= 2
=
𝑑𝑞 (𝑞 + 9) (𝑞 + 9) (𝑞 + 9)2
ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

𝑑𝑞
𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜 = 10𝑚 + 2
𝑑𝑚

𝑑𝑟 8100
∴ = × (10𝑚 + 2)
𝑑𝑚 (𝑞 + 9)2

𝑑𝑟 8100(10𝑚 + 2) 81000𝑚 + 16200

= =
𝑑𝑚 (𝑞 + 9)2 (𝑞 + 9)2
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑞 = 5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 4

𝑑𝑟 81000𝑚 + 16200 81000𝑚 + 16200

𝑆𝑜 = =
𝑑𝑚 (5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 4 + 9)2 (5𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 13)2
𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑚 = 10
𝑑𝑟 81000(10) + 16200
∴ = = 2 ∙ 91
𝑑𝑚 [5(10)2 + 2(10) + 13]2

Question 18

𝑥 = 100 − 3𝑝

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝜂 𝑏𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑

𝑑𝑥 𝑝
𝑆𝑜 𝜂 = ×
𝑑𝑝 𝑥

𝑑𝑥
𝐵𝑢𝑡 = −3
𝑑𝑝

𝑝 −3𝑝
∴ 𝜂 = −3 × =
100 − 3𝑝 100 − 3𝑝

𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑝 = 1

−3(1) −3
∴ 𝜂= = = −0 ∙ 03
100 − 3(1) 97

Question 20

𝑥 = √100 − 2𝑝

𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝜂 𝑏𝑒 𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑑

ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY

𝑑𝑥 𝑝
𝑆𝑜 𝜂 = ×
𝑑𝑝 𝑥

𝑑𝑥 1 1 1 1 1
𝐵𝑢𝑡 = (100 − 2𝑝)2−1 (−2) = (100 − 2𝑝)−2 (−2) = −
𝑑𝑝 2 2 √100 − 2𝑝

1 𝑝
∴ 𝜂= − ×
√100 − 2𝑝 √100 − 2𝑝

𝑝
𝜂=−
100 − 2𝑝

𝐵𝑢𝑡 𝑝 = 18

18 18
∴ 𝜂=− =− = −0 ∙ 28
100 − 2(18) 64

Therefore the demand is inelastic at p=18.

Please we beg your indulgence, the solution to question 3b, question 11 and question 12d are
very lengthy so we skipped those questions and question 19 is a wrong question. Thank you.
ACHIEVERS CLASSES!!! ACHIEVING EXCELLENCE IS OUR PRIORITY