ENGLISH – QUARTER 2 (REVIEWER)

Language of Research, Campaigns and Advocacies

Research
- Make use of formal, academic, and persuasive language to communicate
discussions and present corresponding findings for variables studied.
Campaign
- Social or political in nature, technically defined as a planned set of activities.
- This activity aims to excite, persuade and/or motivate listeners convincing them to
adhere to the speaker’s idea.
Advocacy
- Activities that argue, plead, support, or favor a certain cause.
- Aims to influence decision making.
Language Devices in Persuasive Writing
Emotive Language – use of words that evoke emotions and make people feel a certain
way.
Modal Verbs – use of words that express modality or how likely something is going to
happen.
Involving the Readers – this is done through the use of personal pronouns like you, your,
we, our, and indicative words like together.
Rhetorical Questions – questions that are not supposed to be answered.
Using Evidence – involves the use of facts, figures or quotes from experts.
Repetition – repeating keywords, phrases, or ideas to appeal to the readers.
Adjectives and Adverbs
Association – technique tries to link an object or an idea with something already like by
the target audience.
Bandwagon – this persuasion technique makes the audience believe the idea that
”everyone is doing it”.
Experts – relying on expert advice from trusted people like doctors, scientist and other
professionals.
ARGUMENTATION
Argumentative writing is sometimes called persuasive writing because it seeks to
convince readers to stand on a certain issue.
Language Features of an Argumentative Text
Modals – the use of modal verbs like should and must to express suggestion and
obligation.
Evaluated Language – usually in the form of adjectives.
Transitions – examples; because, therefore, as a result, in summary, etc.
OPINION OR ASSERTION
Opinion – defined as view, judgement or appraisal drawn from facts.
Assertion – declaration or expression for strong belief towards a particular topic, often
without evidence.
1. Basic Assertion – directly express the writer’s feelings or beliefs through simple
statements.
2. Emphatic Assertion – expressing empathy and expounding on how the writer
understands the feeling and emotion.
3. I-Language Assertion – express the feeling and preference of the writer.
CLAIMS OF FACTS, POLICY AND VALUE
Claims – refers to a clear assertion of a person’s ideas, opinions or propositions.
Claims of Fact – deals with the idea or claims that can be proven or disproved with the help
of factual evidence.
Claims of Value – presents an assertion as to whether something is good or bad, or one
idea is better than another.
Claims of Policy – supports that an action should or should not be done to address a
certain case or policy.
EXPOSITION
Expository Text – provides information about a certain topic or issue, also called informal
writing.
Key Structural Elements in an Exposition
1. A clear and concise thesis statement
2. Clear transitions
3. Body that contains evidences and support
4. An effective conclusion
Structures or Pattern of Idea Development
a. Cause and effect
b. Comparison and contrast
c. Description
d. Problem and solution
e. Sequence
MULTIMODAL ELEMENTS
Multimodal Text – information is presented and meaning is conveyed through combinations
of different modes.

Simple Multimodal Complex Multimodal

Newspaper, brochure, comics, graphic Animations, digital stories, web pages,
novels, picture books, posters, social documentaries, book trailers, live action
media, e-books, etc. film, video games
Composing Text with Multimodal Elements
1. Textual Knowledge – clear understanding of the information at the specific subject
from which the multimodal composition is based.
2. Technological Knowledge – imperative to understand what technological tool and
process will best work for the kind of multimodal text to be produced.
3. Semiotic Knowledge – refers to understanding how each mode can work to convey
meaning.
4. Ability to Combine Various Modes
5. Understanding Different Genres
TECHNIQUES IN PUBLIC SPEAKING
1. Know your purpose.
2. Be familiar with your topic.
3. Consider your audience.
4. Plan ahead of time.
5. Use non-verbal cues.
6. Remain calm.
7. Practice.
8. Watch your words.
9. Speak with clarity.
10. Know the essential techniques.
11. Use visuals when necessary.
12. Dress comfortably, but appropriately
13. Be open to questions and comments.