PAGE NO.

DATE

Assignmed-I
Esplain dessilication lows in open chonnel Tnin
etails

lo Stody and unstady ouw

channel Mow, i the ow parameew
euch as depth & osthe ydoihy, o
the at ot'a paticad poic n the
id do n bt change w:Tt time't is Calledd

pranaint
And ct dy point on opeh channel locw the
ake deta o the ueloily
tme
&8 chang
,it is cauud unstady oa
2: Unierm and tt Nlon- ubiom Mase
oo
the low in the channel is seud to be wnerm
qiven lngth c Hne chonnel ,the uelocihy
the dapth f low urinsconstt.
Ia non enilanm Motw, he Houparcunaes ike veloiky
dupth doset do not eunain constaunt fon a
given ayth o the channel
Lamirarn and Tubulnt ou)'
A aw Is said fo be lenainar souanlined
bewiout hen e pouttlu nawel
In a smoah palll fhotpöth any cisapton
Ath adiacent layens Turbulent 4low, typ uid
in ahih the lusdsndugoes itgulon
 ASHRA
PAGE NO.
DATE

utualisn) con aifing

Ctical, Sub Gri tcal and Supr- cilical low
w
chanel How js cotgenis ed iay crital
The op
oucde nunbe1 . Froude hnbers gica
bylation
fe
JgD

Opn hEnnel S_Suhr ciiCal

lesshay (: Sub-ciial oeen channl
nwnbe is tansyid ae tanip
aa
low isS ao cdyfinedchannel
Mow An opeh How And pp
aaroude nber
criHcal ow open channel
toreenlial
Aaptd or toet

Etplein Teums
o Slspe of d
td is wd to calulat Hu shear
The toRe ct pn channel confaininy.
stuss et he bd fan seacly niler
thatis urdrgelhg
s widely wd ik iven znginlering
Austnaton

Hyonalie min depth

(he LOSS sction of weowng
 ASNAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

Jhannel divided by the

pipe cted perinuter
q tne conduit Is callad hnaic mian lepth.
) weted feimoty'
Thedtted peù matn
ine Hae intusection Channeltrd
cectional'plne nomae to Hhe
itha OOSS-
kow dirtion
chonel
2

Open dhonnelbasd ah -ouwnce

NatunaJ channel
Menmace channel
d
Open channel based ehape
-Rectonglar channel
Trape toldcl channel
wiccln Chennel

Cpen channel baye Yn change in slope ancl cross

Section
-Ris maic channel
- Non-rùJnatic channel
Cpn choGnne busdan Baunday
Rgid chanel
mobile chonnel
 NSHRA
PAGE NO.
DATE

u)hat do you mean by ulniby? Haw ill dustingeish

How cn sub cicc an suph c ical aith the

The Aood
Haod wawe hich gennls duung tae
poslic'n er nagatiue sungeiS talled ctel calanity c
the lood in nstudy ow sikuction This posire
on ngatue sunge sonatime tnaels doae
upstuam diçunding nhe sihotion

o' Hhe sick ow s at oritcale ll haue

appran and tie' wawe ange il be lssthan s.
Ciiical 4lowS stable ynd eten
stonding iawes Attten supen-andsus crihial

s) Eplain velouky dtkibuton in

tn spen channel few
Aow ?
channel 3 a conduit hich aau walr

qpen channel cotgw

kue uctn sulte and fi dianalstance clong
she dhannel kzundany adloihy dihibutton is non
wnilom in spen dhannels
To masne elacity opern ehonnel otr n d
dspthRitt tube aa utent metu ae an cusd Ln
anal to find aUIage uelociy
opin channe ytoiky at aa dapth o bóm fs
iS measud
 ASWRAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

ord gaph
[s obtaned by
The specicafunotien to qshot
the momenhn pincpe channel.
horizontal reach o is malC
force)

aDisehoage
r6SS Stional Aee
- Vetcal depth o C
Gouiy accleatton
Ay
mo menth law pur wnit wt

y2

tS bascd on mometum prncipe

b hondle ny enell
OEreryy princiele cn
lodue to this speyic e onceypt
take
osses
ngdncula Tuip)
 PAGE NO. YABHRA
DATE

d)The head cy Lwat ectongular noth ts

Tae oischarge is 300 it su find he lengho
Noth, shen Cd - O62

B00_kit scc 03 m
Sec

fomla1 Q-2Cd:l 2 9 2
2

Retongdenl
2<C4-J2g 312

L o 919 m
L |919 mm 2 92 mm

Dettmine ae ht auctonglor
length 65 m to 'be buil4 Qo70sS actanglor
chonnel - The 7S2 m
wwate upsbeam side
n he
the ii
TS 2m Cnd cischarge is 2200 it(eee: Takec
Ca-oG Bnd
pnd nneglect end contaclon
Hi
Astcl olepth2
Sec

- 2-2ysec
Cd oG

L td K J28 H3/2

we
 m3/sec |6 O
I677 a=
3
(8)e (OJI9-62 X 2 O'x62 K
Sot;
15
cd'J el farmula:
r2 2
O-F.m mM 80 He Guen
L=2m
ind
the coepetiuely O-s9 ond O2 ou
ad air gar ucfon the
gldlY
ng ght usnglat trgha
s uide
H
9)2/3 (02 (9(o- 2 H=
29) lo (9 Co 2-H
3
xo6i92 65 2
3 22
x H32 (2-
DATE
NO. PAGE
ASHRA
 PAGE NO.
DATE

wei

(H*)
KOG9 ton i5UI962
0|205
H=(01205)"3
HI O'L 2 89 m OL3 m:

A aectongutan chnel5 m
hichS m l d
dischonge cq 200 atlsec noteheir Find
bya mjor glut ongle v-
thÁ position ef Me aey o the notch fom
btc e t h e chann el cded' (mi ake
S no1 ts to be
O-62:
Qe 200 Ait Sec 02 msec
Cd O:62 dlm
HSr2
formulai 2
(S

HSi2

H O 2 KI5

G|36Su35

(01365435)
=0' L50 n
 AASMRAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

opt& fsiom bed o chonnel ts

posi on he aeeKche noteh Aom the bed e

Hae chauhel is 0'55n

Cd 02 CdA 0:6

o2

Bk
ton d c 0-35
2
O135

Rormla: Qi 2
H3r2
2

SI2
2
3
ai = O- 1504 mscc.
 PAGE NO. ASHRA
DATE

ton s° Jhg-62 (O-5)ST 2

6-1310mlses

-3

o 1565 mlsec

-3
mse
=064 n/Se

oH 2mm

3/2
For mula

2 dt
3
<O6o5 H3/2
J9-62

t3/2

H 6 126 m

2 H

Ko-ÓL 9002

do= o963 x(omsc

 ASMRAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

discharge 2: Lo75 %.

Htad w n CH)
Ca
Cd o-62
1:5 e
Q

foudae Toionglo noteh.

d Jeg tono
2

12
X0s2 J2<9-8) ton Go (o-2)sr2
2

sce.
2 H

tt 2-5

aHitO03m
miting yalue qead
O.so3 m
 DATE

tniias

T92 70 = LgD0 m

3A

5315 3
3164 - 65113
2765-58 o2164 - o5773)
(S1 250 seronds
( min lsee

3/2
2
)
 ASNRJ
PAGE NO.
DATE

Lengh L (o0m

Va Oh5m/s
Col

(o -4S) 02o25
29 2 981 2x9-8)

By formuto dischorge tuetongtor notch

cloety ppiach.

K Ul36 2
3
3/22 32
-f OO1o32) -(o6/632)

328 L54 msec

L= SOm 0:5 m
wide 80 cn

leep
Aa
Head bove the cceat oweln CH) = go mm
 ASHRAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

noteh. (o find Val

32

3
342
2 Cd
3
2
3

O9154 x (g:o 226)

O02o7 m/sec

Udocity appzoach A O56

Va o-03638 mlsec.
-S
ha=(Va) (6O 369) Gg72 io
23 2K3-&!

By formulae

2 KJI9:62[(o- 68 t (<-I72X
3
(6-972do

g1532 oo 2265 - 5-819 %io

602 o73] mse
 PAGE NO.
DATE

Qi Civen,- ength o wen 136m

36- l2AD)
Legs 36-(
No ys12
width ce bern voti cal p0st 6oom
Heaal avoi st H (-2 m

Va ms Cd= o623
pas t
No. SfpEnd contnocoh 2% ne- post
2622

Total no -
end conracton 22f2 24
h2y
(2j (O 2 3 7 m
29 (9:62
Li
By Pmis formula ith a ond end
tonyia

CHtha
I-8L2 o 2038)3e-(0-203
X
o2038)
| B4/ 66 32 - Oo 920 28· &g-3

Q- 7-72 m7scc:
 NASMRAS
PAGE NO.
DATE

each opening lngth(L) 7:Sm

Vaz 3 ms
Krcad ay not ceed I8m
haVa
19 62

By Francis orma Va ond end Canta

Sr2
cHha
O. K2

s foL8L 3393o 6309g5

33 998L4Ho
84

opening (otol disfance

37:5

Hie m
| C 0 623

BË forudae e apo (tet no te

2
 PAGE NO. ASKRAN
DATE

372
(1
3
3-679 x|

3-679 /see

iven!
H= 360 m m > O36Om
width
Deeth z OS0 m
Aue

B ormulae ef Cpo lteti noteh

K(o-36)3r2
3

(o 2|6)
O 238 m/sec
O238

ha
|9-6 2
23

fomae f cpo llclt noteh by consiclurabien q

Va
K0623 x06 X JI9-62

O253 m°ec