Samitha Ratnayake -1- Innovative Physics

E x p l o r e t h e W o r l d w i t h a N e w V i s i o n . . .
Advanced Level
Mechanics
Unit - 02
Part III
PHYSICS
ieliqu ( iñ; r;akdhl

ialkaOh - (Mass)

jia;=jl ialkaOh fndfyda úg wm y÷kajd fokafka th i;= mod¾: m%udKh f,ih' tfy;a fuh t;rï id¾:l
ye¢kaùula fkdjkafka mod¾: m%udKh hkak ksYÑ
a ; fkdjk ksidh' tneúka ialkaOh i|yd jvd ksjerÈ w¾: ±laùï
folla bÈßm;a lr ;sfí'

1' .=re;ajdl¾IK ialkaOh - (Gravitational mass)

jia;=jl ialkaOh ms<sn| jegySula wm fndfyda úg ,nd .kafka tys nfrks' jia;=jl nr hkq ta u; l%shd lrk
.=re;ajdl¾IK n,hhs' jia;=jl ialkaOh jeäj;au tys nr jeäfõ' tneúka nr yd ialkaOh wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl
rdYs folls' fuu iudkqmd;sl;ajh mokï lr .ksñka w¾: olajd we;s ialkaOh .=re;ajdl¾IK ialkaOhhs'

g .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h (F), tu n,h hgf;a jia;=jg ysñjk ;ajrKhg ^tkï .=re;ajc
F ;ajrKhg - g) ork wkqmd;h .=re;ajdl¾IK ialkaOh (m) f,i w¾: ±lafõ'
F
m =
g

wjiaÓ;sh - (Inertia)

´kEu jia;j= la ish j¾;udk p,s; iajrEmh fjkia lsÍug wlue;a;la olajhs' fuu .=Kh wjiaÓ;sh f,i ye¢kafõ'
fï wkqj ksYap, jia;=jla ksYap,ju mej;Sug;a p,kh jk jia;j
= la p,kh fjñkau mej;Sug;a leu;s jkq we;'

2' wjiaÓ;s ialkaOh - (Inertial mass)

jia;=jl ialkaOh jeäj;au tys wjiaÓ;sho jeäfõ' tneúka ialkaOh yd wjiaÓ;sh wkqf,dauj iudkqmd;sl rdYs
folls' fuu iudkqmd;sl;ajh mokï lr .ksñka w¾: olajd we;s ialkaOh wjiaÓ;s ialkaOhhs'

jia;=jl wjiaÓ;sh fya;f

= jka tu jia;=fõ j¾;udk p,s; iajdNdjh fjkia lsÍug ^tkï jia;=j ;ajrKh lsÍug& ta
u; n, fhÈh hq;= fjhs'

a jia;=jla u; fh¥ n,h (F), tu n,h hgf;a jia;=jg ysñ jQ ;ajrKhg (a) ork wkqmd;h
wjiaÓ;s ialkaOh (m) f,i w¾: ±lafõ'
F
F
m = a

Samitha Ratnayake -2- Innovative Physics

• .=re;ajdl¾IK ialkaOh ms<sn|j jQ w¾: l:kh fhÈh yelafla .=re;ajdl¾IK fCIA;%hl§ muKs' tfy;a
wjiaÓ;s ialkaOh ms<sn|j jQ w¾: l:kh ´kEu ia:dkhl§ Ndú; l< yelsh'

• tlu jia;=jl .=re;ajdl¾I ialkaOh;a wjiaÓ;s ialkaOh;a tlu w.hla .kakd nj ksõgka úiska mßCIKd;aulj
fmkajd § ;sfí'

f¾Çh .uH;dj (P) - (Linear momentum)

jia;=jl f¾Çh .uH;dj hkq tys ialkaOfha;a (m) f¾Çh m%fõ.fha;a (v) .=K;
s hhs'

v P = mv
[P] = MLT–1
m
kgms–1 kg ms–1
• f¾Çh .uH;dj ffoYsl rdYshla jk w;r tys ÈYdj f¾Çh m%fõ.fha ÈYdjhs'

p,s; iajrEm - (Types of motion)

jia;=jl p,s; iajrEm ;=kls'

i. ksYpa ,;dj
ii. taldldr m%fõ.h
iii. fjkia jk m%fõ.h ^;ajrKh&

ndysr n, yd wNHka;r n, (External forces and internal force)

i,ld n,k moaO;shg wh;a fkdjk jia;j

= la u.ska i,ld n,k moaO;shg wh;a jia;j
= la u; we;s lrk n,hla ndysr
n,hla f,i ye¢kafõ'

i,ld n,k moaO;shg wh;a jia;=jla u.ska tu moaO;shgu wh;a ;j;a jia;=jla u; we;s lrk n,hla wNHka;r
n,hla f,i ye¢kafõ'

Wod (- fmÜáh
mDÓúfhka fmÜáh u;
fïifhka fmÜáh u; ^fmÜáh mg ^fmÜáh ie,l+ úg ndysr n,hls'&
ie,l+ úg ndysr n,hls'& R
fïih
R fmÜáfhka fïih u;
fmÜáh yd fïih hk jia;= folu ^fïih ie,l+ úg ndysr n,hls'&
ie,l+ úg fuu n,fol (R yd R)
wNHka;r n, fõ'

mD:sú h

p,s;h ms<sn| ksõgka kshu - (Newton's laws of motion)

I kshuh (First law)

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Samitha Ratnayake -3- Innovative Physics

 iuqoafoaY ^ks¾foaY& rduq - (Reference frames)

´kEu p,s;hla f;areï .ekSu i|yd lsih

s ï mßirhla ksYp
a , hehs ie,lSug wmg isÿfõ' fufia ksYp
a , hehs i,lkq
,nk mßirhla iuqoafoaY rduqjla f,i ye¢kafõ'

Wod (- 1' ìu ksYp

a ,j isákafkl=f.a iuqoafoaY rduqj .yfld<" f.dvke.s,s j,ska iukaú; wjg mßirhhs'
2' p,kh jk r:hla ;=, isákafkl=f.a iuqoafoaY rduqj Tyqo we;=,;a r:fha wNHka;r mßirhhs'

ks¾foaY rduq ldKav follg j¾.SlrKh flf¾'

1' wjiaÓ;s ks¾foaY rduq (Inertial reference frames)

;ajrKhla rys; ks¾foaY rduq

2' wjiaÓ;s fkdjk ks¾foaY rduq (Non-inertial reference frames)

;ajrKhla iys; ks¾foaY rduq

• ksõgkaf.a m<uq kshuh j,x.= jkafka wjiaÓ;s rduqj,g idfmaCIj muKs' tneúka —ksõgkaf.a m<uq kshuh j,x.=
jk wkaofï ks¾foaY rduqjla˜ f,io wjiaÓ;s ks¾foaY rduqjla w¾: ±laúh yelsh'

• wjiaÓ;s rduqj,§ fN!;sl úµdfõ kHdhka tlu iajrEmh .kS'

ksõgkaf.a I kshuh weiqßka n,h w¾: ±laùu

(Defining the 'force' using Newton's first law)

ksõgkaf.a m<uq kshuh wkqidrfhka my; ±lafjk mßÈ n,h w¾: ±laúh yelsh'

jia;=jl" ksYap,;dj fyda taldldr m%fõ.h hk p,s; wjia:d fjkia lrk fyda fjkia lsÍug fmd<Ujk ndysr n,mEu
n,hhs'

ksõgkh w¾: ±laùu

1ms –2
1 kg ialkaOhlg 1 ms–2 l ;ajrKhla ,nd §ug wjYH wiu;=,s; n,h 1 N ls'

1kg

1N

II kshuh - (Second law)

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t ld,hla ;=, jia;=jl f¾Çh .uH;djfha isÿjQ fjki p o tu ÈYdjg l%shd l, ndysr wiu;=,s; n,h F o kï"
P (mv) v
F 
t
 F  
t
 F m t
  F  m a F = kma

ksõgkfha w¾: ±laùu by; iólrKhg wdfoaY l, úg

1= k× 1 × 1 k=1
F = ma
N kg ms–2
Samitha Ratnayake -4- Innovative Physics
Ndú;fha§"

• jia;=jla fyda jia;= moaO;shla f;dard .; hq;=h'

• hï ÈYdjla f;dard .; hq;=h'
• F ,nd.ekSug f;dard .;a jia;=j u; we;s ish¿ ndysr n, f;dard.;a ÈYdjg úfNaokh l, hq;=h'
• a hkq f;dard.;a jia;=j u; f;dard .;a ÈYdjg we;s ;ajrKhhs'

III kshuh - (Third law)

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P Q  
• n, iEu úgu WmÈkafka hq., jYfhks' FA = – FR
FR FA
• l%shd-m%;sl%shd n, iEu úgu jia;+ka folla u; l%shd lrhs'  
Q úiska P u; P úiska Q u; | FA | = | FR |
^m%;s l% shdj& ^l%s hdj&

n,hl ,laIK

i. úYd,;ajh ( magnitude )
ii. ÈYdj ( direction )
iii. Wmfhda.S ,CIHh ^l%shd f¾Ldj& ( point of action / line of action )

n,fha iajrEm lsysmhla ( Several types of force )

 .=re;ajdl¾IK n,h (- ´kEu ialkaO folla w;r tlsfkld fj;g yg.kS' Wmfhda.S ,CIHh .=re;aj flakaøhhs'
( Gravitational force ) mDÓúh iómfha ;enq jia;=jla i|yd ÈYdj mDÓú flakaøh foig ^isriaj my<g& fõ'
mg
jia;=fõ —nr˜ f,io ye¢kafõ' ( mg )

 wNs,ïN m%;slh %s dj (- tlsfkl iuÕ iam¾Yj" f;rmS we;s mDIaG folla w;r iam¾Yl mDIaGhg ,ïnlj
( Normal reaction ) yg.kS'

ì;a; sh g
;,fhka R2
R R ,ïnlj
jia;=j u;
;,fhka ì;a; sh
oKav u; ìug
R1
oKaf vka ,ïnlj
jia;=fjka R
;,h u;
;,h u; R

ìu

Samitha Ratnayake -5- Innovative Physics

 wd;;s n,h (- weÿkq ;ka;=j, fyda o~q j, yg.kS' fofl<jr§ ;ka;=j$oKav foig ,l=Kq lrkq
( Tensional force ) ,efí' fufia ,l=Kq l, wd;;s fofl,jrg iïnkaê; jia;+ka u; fhfoa'

;ka;=fjka jia;+k a
jia;+k a u; u.sk a
;ka;=j
u;

• ieuúgu ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jl iEu ,CIhlu wd;;s iudk fõ'

• t,af,k nr ;ka;=jl by<g h;au wd;;sh jeä fõ'

• lmamshla Wäka jeà we;s ;ka;=jl lmamsh fomi wd;;s iudk ùug

lmamhs N%uKh fkdfõ kï lmamh

s fldaKls ;ajrKhlska
fyda taldldr fldaKl s N%uKh fõ kï ieye,a¨ yd
m%fõ.hlska N%uKh fõ kï iqug úh hq;h
= '
th iqug úh hq;h = '

 f;rmqï n,h (- f;rmqKq o~q j, yg .kS' fofl<jr§ oKafvka bj;g ,l=Kq lrkq ,efí' fufia
( Compressional force ) ,l=Kq l, f;rmqï fofl<jrg iïnkaê; jia;+ka u; fhfoa'

jia;+k a
oKaf vka u.sk a
jia;+k a oKav
u; u;

ÿkq ;rdÈ ( Spring balance )

ÿkq ;rdÈ

nr t,a,k j¾.h nr ;nk j¾.h

mdGdxlh } nr t,a,k fldlafla wd;;sh mdGdxlh } nr ;nk ;eáh my<g f;rmjk n,h

;rdÈh t,a,k nr ;nk ;eáh

fldlal

nr t,a,k
fldlal

Samitha Ratnayake -6- Innovative Physics

 f¾Çh wdfõ.h - (Linear impulse) - I

jia;=jla u; l%shd lrk iïm%hqla; n,fha;a tu n,h l%shd l, flá ld,fha;a .=Ks;h f¾Çh wdfõ.h f,i w¾:
±lafõ'

ksõgkaf.a fojk kshuh u.sk"a

P
F= t F × t = p

I = p [I ] = MLT–1

Ns/kgms–1

• f¾Çh wdfõ.h ffoYsl rdYshla jk w;r tys ÈYdj iïm%hqla; n,fha ÈYdjhs'
• iïm%hl
q a; n,h (F) yd ld,h (t) w;r m%ia:drhl m%ia:drh hgf;a we;s F
j¾.M,h u.ska wdfõ.h ksrEmKh fõ'
I = P

t
t

Note :
F = ma 
P mv – mu
F = = 
t t
;ajrKh ms<sn| iDcq i|ykla iys; .eg¿ úi£u i|yd  iólrKh Ndú; lsÍu myiqjk w;r ;ajrKh ms<sn|
iDcq i|ykla fkdue;s .eg¿ úi£u i|yd  iólrKh Ndú; lsÍu myiq fõ'

f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuh

( Law of conservation of linear momentum)

P
F = 
t F = 0 kï" P = 0 fõ'

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Ndú;fha§"

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ffoYsl iïnkaO ´kEu iólrKhla fyda kshuhla tlsfklg ,ïnl ÈYd folla Tiafia fhÈh yelsh'
Samitha Ratnayake -7- Innovative Physics
 wNHdi

01. Time target : 2 minutes

rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ fofl,jr wp,j /|jQ ,E,a,la u; <ufhl= isgf.k isà'
<uhdf.a nr ksid ,E,af,a ueÈka my;a ù ;sfí'
i. <uhd CIKslj my;a jqjfyd;a
ii. my;a jQ <uhd CIKslj ke.S isáhfyd;a  fldaKhg l=ula isÿjkq we;a±hs
myokak'  

02. Time target : 4 minutes

u.Ska /f.k hk neÆkhl uq¿ ialkaOh M jk w;r th g / 3 l ksh; ;ajrKfhka my,g .uka lrhs'
i. ne¨kh u; l%shd lrk Wvql=re f;rmqu tys nfrys m%;sY;hla f,i olajkak'
ii. ne¨kh g / 2 l ksh; ;ajrKfhka by,g .uka lrúu i|yd tys ialkaOfhka ljr m%;sY;hla bj;a
l, hq;=o @ ^ jd; m%;sfrdaOh fkdi,ld yßkak' &

03. Time target : 5 minutes

iI_K rys; nj i,ld my; wjia:d hgf;a rEmfha ±lafjk moaO;sfha ;ajrKh;a ;ka;=fõ fofl,jr yd
yßueo wd;;s;a fidhkak'
i. ;ka;=j ieye,a¨ nj i,ld
ii. ;ka;=fõ ialkaOh m nj i,ld

04. Time target : 4 minutes

lmams ieye,a¨ iqug tajd hehso ;ka;= ieye,a¨ wú;kH tajd hehso i,ld my; ±lafjk moaO;sj, ;ajrK yd
;ka;j = , wd;;s fidhkak'
i. ii.

(m1>m2)

05. Time target : 3 minutes

rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ fofl,jrg 10 kg yd 20 kg Ndr folla .eg .ik ,o ieye,a¨ F
wú;kH ;ka;=jla ieye,a¨ iqug lmamshla Wäka jeà ;sfí' F keue;s isria ndysr n,hla
lmamshg fhdokq ,efí' (g = 9.8 ms–2)
i. F = 124 N ii. F = 294 N iii. F = 424 N
hk wjia:d i|yd tla tla Ndrfha ;ajrKh fidhkak'
20 kg 10kg

06. Time target : 4 minutes

tkaðu ls%hd úrys; jQ f;,a m%jdykh lrk kejla iq<Õla u.ska 1.5 ms–1 ksh; fõ.fhka .,a m¾j;hla
foig f.k hhs' rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ m¾j;fha isg 500 m ÿrlska kej we;s úg iq<Õ myj hk w;r tu
fudfydf;au tkaðu l%shd;aul lsÍug kdúlfhda iu;a fj;s' kefjys uq¿ ialkaOh 3.6 × 107 kg jk w;r
tkaðfuka Wmojk iM, ;sria n,h 8 × 104 N fõ'

i. kej .,a m¾j;fhys .efgkq we;ao @

ii. keõ n|g 0.2 ms–1 m%fõ.hlska fyda Bg wvq m%fõ.hlska isÿjk .egqulg Tfrd;a;= Èh yels kï f;,a
ldkaÿjla isÿjkq we;ao @
Samitha Ratnayake -8- Innovative Physics
07. Time target : 4 minutes
iqug ;sria fïihla u; ;nd we;s l È. taldldr lUhla" tla fl<jrlg fhÿ ksh; F ;sria n,hlska wÈkq
,efí' n,h fhÿ fl<jf¾ isg x ÿrl§ ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fidhkak' x iuÕ wd;;sfha úp,kh m%ia:dr.;
lrkak'
V(ms–1)
08. Time target : 4 minutes
W;af;da,lhl ìu ;sfnk ñksiqkaf.a nr lsrk ;rdÈhla u; 60 kg 20
ialkaOfhka hq;a ñksfila isà' W;af;da,lh bÈß rEmfha ±lafjk
m%fõ. - ld, m%ia:drhg wkql+,j by,g p,kh jQfha kï tla tla 10
wjia:dfõ§ ;=,dfõ ±lafjk mdGdxlh kg j,ska fidhkak' t(s)
5 10 15 20 25 30
09. Time target : 4 minutes
tll ialkaOh M ne.ska jQ iudk ialkaO folla ieye,a¨ lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;=jl
fofl<jßka t,a,d ;sfí' tla ialkaOhla u; l=vd m ialkaOhla ;enq úg moaO;sh p,kh jk ;ajrKh;a"
;ka;=fõ wd;;sh;a" m u.ska M u; fufyhjk n,h;a" lmamsh t,a,d we;s wdOdrlh u; fhfok wd;;sh;a
fidhkak'

10. Time target : 5 minutes F

fldgia mylska iukaú; oïje,la rEmfha ±lafõ' tla tla fldgfia ialkaOh 100 g ls' 5
moaO;sh isriaj by<g 2.5 m s–2 l ;ajrKfhka p,s; lrjkq ,nhs'
4
i. 2 jk fldgi u.ska 1 jk fldgi u;"
ii. 3 jk fldgi uÕska 2 jk fldgi u;" 3
iii. 4 jk fldgi uÕska 3 jk fldgi u;"
iv. 5 jk fldgi uÕska 4 jk fldgi u;" fhdok n, fidhkak' 2
v. F n,fha w.h fldmuKo @
vi. tla tla fldgi ;ajrKh lsÍug fhfok iïm%hqla; n,h fidhkak' 1

11. Time target : 6 minutes

ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jla ieye,a¨ iqug lmamshla Wäka jeà ;sfí' rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ;ka;=fõ
tla fl<jrlg m1 ialkaOhla we|d we;s w;r wfkla fl<jr ;ka;=j Èf.a ,siaid hdyels
mßÈ m2 ialkaOfhka hq;a uqÿjla r|jd ;sfí'
i. m1 ialkaOh ksi,j ;sfnk mßÈ m2 g .; yels ;ajrKh fidhkak'
ii. ;ka;j= g idfmaCIj ksh; a ;ajrKhlska uqÿj my<g ,sii a d hhs kï m1 my<g .uka
lrk nj i,ld m1 ys ;ajrKh fidhkak'

12. Time target : 5 minutes

0.2 ms–2 ksh; ;ajrKhlska by<g .uka .kakd W;af;da,lhl jy,fhka t,a,d we;s 1m
moaO;shla rEmfha ±lafõ' wú;kH ;ka;= foflysu È. m%udK 1 m ne.ska fõ' by<ska we;s 2.9 kg
;ka;=j ieye,a¨ kuq;a my<ska we;s ;ka;j= g 0.2 kg m–1 ialkaOhla ;sfí' (g = 9.8 ms–2)
i. my< ;ka;f = jys yß ueo 1m

ii. by< ;ka;f = jys yß ueo wd;;s fidhkak' 1.9 kg

13. Time target : 5 minutes

ialkaOh m jk fnda,hla v fõ.fhka isriaj by<g m%lf
a IamKh lrkq ,efí' jd; m%;sfrdaOh" F ksh; w.hla
fõ kï" fnda,h kej; fmdf<dj fj; ,Õd jk fõ.h (v') m%lf a IamK fõ.hg ork wkqmd;h fidhkak' ;jo
by,g hk .uka ld,hg (t), my,g tk .uka ld,h (t') ork wkqmd;ho fidhkak'

Samitha Ratnayake -9- Innovative Physics

14. Time target : 3 minutes
c,h wvx.= îlrhla" iqug ;sria ;,hla u;" ir, f¾Ldjla Èf.a 10 m s–2 taldldr ;ajrKhlska hq;=j p,kh
fõ' îlrfha ksoyia c, mDIaGh ;sri iuÕ idok fldaKh fidhkak'

15. Time target : 4 minutes

;srig  fldaKhla wdk; iqug ;,hla u; c, n÷kla my,g ,siaid hhs' c, mDIaGh ;sri iuÕ idok
fldaKh fidhkak'

16. Time target : 4 minutes m1

rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ialkaO M jq iqug fg%d,shla ;j;a iqug fg%d,s folla f.k
hhs' l=vd fg%d,s fofla ialkaO m1 yd m2 jk w;r tajd ieye,a¨ wú;kH ;ka;j
= lska
m2
tlg wE|d ieye,a¨ iqug lmamshla u;ska hjd ;sfí' m1 yd m2 , M g idfmaCIj F
ksYap,j mej;Sug l=uk F ;sria n,hla M u; fhÈh hq;=o @

17. Time target : 4 minutes

;srig  fldaKhla wdk; iqug ;,hla u; ialkaOh M jq ,E,a,la ;nd ;sfí' ,E,a, my,g ,siaid fkdhEug
kï ta u; isák ialkaOh m jq n,af,la l=uk ÈYdjlg l=uk ;ajrKhlska Èúh hq;=o @

18. Time target : 3 minutes

ialkaOh 100 g la jk fnda,hla 1 m s–1 m%fõ.fhka ;,hla yd m%;Hia: f,i .eà fmd,d mkS' fnda,fha
wdrïNl p,s; ÈYdj ;,h iuÕ idok fldaKh"
i. 900 kï"
ii. 300 kï" fnda,fha isÿ jQ .uH;d fjki fidhkak'

19. Time target : 4 minutes

rEmfha ±lafjkafka ir, f¾Ldjl p,kh jk 0.4 kg ialkaOfhka hq;a jia;=jl úia:dmk - ld, ( x – t )
m%ia:drhhs'

i. wkqhd; wdfõ. folla w;r ld, mr;rh fldmuKo @

ii. tla wdfõ.hl úYd,;ajh fidhkak'

20. Time target : 3 minutes

2.00 kg l ialkaOh we;s jia;j = la iqug ;sria ;,hla u; 5.00 ms–1 m%fõ.hlska ol=Kg .uka lrhs' yÈisfhau
;j;a jia;=jla uq, jia;=j yd .eà ta u; úYd, wdfõ.S n,hla we;s lrhs' tu n,h ld,h iuÕ úp,kh jk
wdldrh m%ia:drfha ±lafõ'
i. uq,a jia;j
= u; l%shd l, wdfõ.h fidhkak'
ii. wdfõ.S n,h"
a. ol=Kg" b. jug"
fhfoa kï th l%shd lr wjika jk fudfydf;a§ uq,a jia;=fõ m%fõ.fhys
úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj fidhkak'

Samitha Ratnayake - 10 - Innovative Physics

21. Time target : 3 minutes
;sria u.l kj;d we;s ialkaOh 500 kg jk r:hla .uka wrUk úg uq,a 2 s ;=, tkaðfuka fhdok n,h (F)
fjkia jkafka m%ia:drfha ±lafjk wdldrhgh'
F (N)

1000

500

t (s)
0 2

r:h u; l%shd lrk m%;sfrdaë n,h 250 N ksh; w.hla fõ kï 2 s wjidkfha r:fha m%fõ.h fidhkak'

22. Time target : 4 minutes

ialkaO m yd 2m jQ wxY= folla tlsfklg ,ïNl ÈYd Tiafia ms<sfj,ska 2v yd v
ne.ska jQ m%fõ.j,ska p,kh fõ' wxY= folgu tlúg i¾jiu n, fh¥ úg m, leä
bß Tiafia olajd we;s m%fõ.h wh;a lr .kakd úg 2m ys m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh yd
ÈYdj fidhkak'

23. Time target : 2 minutes

ueIska ;=jlal=jla u.ska tll ialkaOh m jQ WKav n m%udKhla ;;amrhl§ ksl=;a lrhs' WKav ;=jlal=fjka
msgjk fõ.h v kï ;=jlal=j u; l%shd lrk n,h fidhkak'

24. Time target : 4 minutes

,S fldghla me,Su i|yd l+CoaCohla .ik ñksfila ta i|yd 20 kg la nr ñáhla 1.8 m ÿrla ksoyfia isriaj
my<g fy,d l+[a[h u; jeàug i,ihs' ñáh" l+CoaCoh u; je§ mj;sk ld,h 0.1 s la kï" ñáh fmd,d
fkdmksk nj Wml,amkh lrñka l+CoaCoh u; we;sjk n,h fidhkak'

25. Time target : 4 minutes

.sks ksjk tkaðulska c,h fmdïm lrk iS>%;dj flfiao h;a" túg keiskafkka msgjk c,fha m%fõ.h
15 m s–1 ls' c, msysr ì;a;shla u;g ,ïn f,i t,a, lrkafka kï" c,h fmd,d mekSu fkdi,ld yeßh úg
ì;a;hs u; fufyhfjk mSvkh .Kkh lrkak' ^c,fha >k;ajh 1000 kg m–3 &

26. Time target : 4 minutes

iSksfnda, lïy,l iSksfnda, j, nr lsÍfï§ tajd 20 cm l Wil isg ;;amrhg 5 ne.ska fkdkj;ajdu ;=,d
;eáhla u;g jeàug i,iajd we;' tla iSks fnda,hl ialkaOh 25 g la fõ' wdrïNfha§ ;=,dfõ mdGdxlh Y=kH
kï" 12 s la wjidkfha tys mdGdxlh l=ula fõo @

27. Time target : 3 minutes

.=re;ajh hgf;a p,kh jk ialkaO m1 yd m2 jk wxY= foll t = 0 § m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska V1 yd V2 fõ' t = t0
s j<ska V1 ' yd V2 'njg m;a fõ' ( m1 V1 + m2 V2 ) – ( m1 V1' + m2 V2' ) ys úYd,;ajh fidhkak'
ysÈ tajdfha m%fõ. ms<f

28. Time target : 3 minutes

l È.e;s taldldr oKavl tla fl<jrla iqug ;sria ìula u; ;nd wfkla fl<jr ;ka;=jlg wE|d we;af;a
oKav ;sri iuÕ  fldaKhla idok mßÈh' ;ka;=j lmd ±uq úg oKafâ my, fl<jr fldmuK ;sria ÿrla
.uka .kSo @

Samitha Ratnayake - 11 - Innovative Physics

29. Time target : 4 minutes
kHIaál ix>Ügkhl§ ialkaOh tall 4 jk A we,a*d wxY=jla V m%fõ.hlska
ialkaOh tall 4 la jk ia:djr B yS,h
s ï kHIaáhla u; m;kh fjhs' ix>Ügkfhka
miq" A wxY=j AB wdrïNl ÈYdj iuÕ 600 l fldaKhla idok BC ÈYdj Tiafia
V/2 m%fõ.hlska .uka lrk w;r yS,shï kHIaáh BD Èf.a .uka lrhs' yS,shï
kHIaáh BD Èf.a fmd<d mksk m%fõ.h;a  fldaKfha w.h;a .Kkh lrkak'

30. Time target : 4 minutes

20 g ialkaOhla iys; WKavhla" isriaj by< f.dia isria ;ka;=jlska ksoyfia t,a,d ;sfnk 4 kg l
ialkaOfhka hq;a ,S l=Üáhla ;=,g ld j§' bka miq ,S l=Üáh WKavh iuÕ 2 m Wilg kexf.a kï WKavfha
uq,a m%fõ.h fidhkak'

31. Time target : 4 minutes

ia:djr jia;=jla A , B , C keue;s fldgia ;=klg mqmr
q d hhs' A , B , C ys ialkaO w;r wkqmd;h ms<sfj,ska
1 : 2 : 3 fõ' A yd B tlsfklg 1200 la wdk; ÈYdj,g ms<f s j,ska 60 ms–1 yd 30 ms–1 hk m%fõ.j,ska úisù
hhs kï C ys m%fõ.h fidhkak'

32. Time target : 3 minutes

;srig 600 la wdk;j 20 ms–1 l m%fõ.fhka m%lafIamKh l, jia;j
= la Wmßu Wfia§ iudk fldgia follg
lefâ' tl fldgila isriaj my,g jefÜ kï" wfkl m%lafIamK ,CIfha isg fldmuK ;sria ÿrlska
fmdf<djg m;s; fõ ±hs fidhkak'

33. Time target : 3 minutes

ksi, c,fha kj;d we;s 5 m la È. 280 kg l ialkaOhlska hq;a fndaÜgqjl fl<jr isák 70 kg ialkaOfhka
hq;a ñksfila wfkla fl<jr olajd .uka lrhs' fmdf<djg idfmaCIj Tyq p,kh jQ ÿr fldmuKo @
c, m%;sfrdaOh fkdi,ld yßkak'

34. Time target : 5 minutes

ialkaO M ne.ska jQ fndaÜgq 3 la tlu f¾Ldfõ tlu ÈYdjg tlu v m%fõ.fhka .uka lrhs' fojk fndaÜgqfõ
isg m ialkaO folla tlúg tu fndaÜgqjg idfmaCIj u m%fõ.fhka wfkla fndaÜgq fol fj; úis lrhs' fuu
yqjudrefjka miq fndaÜgq tlsfkflys m%fõ. fidhkak' c, m%;sfrdaOh fkdi,ld yßkak'

35. Time target : 4 minutes

ksi, c,fha kj;d we;s 5m la È. 150kg l ialkaOhla we;s fndaÜgqjl fofl<jr jdä ù isák ëjrhska
fofofkla ish wiqka udre lr .ks' fuys m%;s:,hla f,i fndaÜgqj l=uk ÿrla p,kh fõ±hs fidhkak'
ëjrhskaf.a ialkaOh 90kg yd 60kg fõ' c, m%;f
s rdaOh fkdi,ld yßkak'

36. Time target : 6 minutes

100 m È. 50 kg l ialkaOhla we;s fndaÜgqjl fofl<jr <uqka fofofkla isgf.k isá;s' <uqkaf.a ialkaOh
25 kg ne.sks' wdrïNfha§ moaO;sh ksYap, c,fha ksYap,j mj;S' tla <ufhl= 10 kg nr fnda,hla 20 m s–1
m%fõ.hlska wfkld fj; úislrhs' fnda,h È.gu ;sriaj .uka .kafka hehs i,ld"

i. fmdf<djg idfmaCIj fndaÜgqj ,nd .kakd m%fõ.h l=ulao @

ii. wfkla <uhd fnda,h w,a,d .ekSug .;jk ld,h l=ulao @
iii. wfkla <uhd fnda,h w,a,d .kakd úg fndaÜgqj úia:dmkh jQ ÿr fldmuKo @
iv. wfkla <uhd fnda,h w,a,d .;a miq fndaÜgqfõ m%fõ.h fidhkak'
v. fojk <uhd fnda,h w,a,d .;a miq uq,a m%fõ.fhkau th wdmiq m<uq <uhd fj; úis lrhs' m<uq <uhd
fnda,h w,a,d .kakd úg wdrïNl msysàfï isg fndaÜgqj úia:dmkh jQ ÿr fldmuKo @
vi. fufia m<uq <uhd w;gu fnda,h meñKs úg fndaÜgqj .sh ÿr fldmuKo @

Samitha Ratnayake - 12 - Innovative Physics

37. Time target : 5 minutes
ialkaOh 15 kg jQ n,af,la ialkaOh 30 kg jQ fndaÜgqjl fl<jr isà' ksYap, c,fha fndaÜgqj kssYap,j we;s
whqre rEmfha ±lafõ"

10 m

5m

i. n,a,d fmdf<djg idfmaCIj u m%fõ.fhka fndaÜgqj Èf.a .uka lsÍu werUq úg fmdf<djg idfmaCIj
fndaÜgqfõ m%fõ.h l=ulao @
ii. fndaÜgqjg idfmaCIj n,a,d f.a m%fõ.h l=ulao@
iii. n,a,d fndaÜgqfõ bÈß fl<jrg meñKSug .kakd ld,h l=ulao @
iv. n,a,d fndaÜgqfõ bÈß fl<jrg meñKS úg Wf.a isg bjqrg we;s ÿr fldmuKo @

38. Time target : 3 minutes

.x bjqrla wi, 5 m È.lska yd 40 kg ialkaOhlska hq;= fndaÜgqjla kj;d we;af;a fndaÜgqfõ bjqr foig we;s
bÈßmi A fl<jr bjqf¾ isg ógr lsysmhla ÿßka ;sfnk fiah' fndaÜgqj ;=< isák 80 kg ialkaOhla we;s
ñksfil= taldldr m%fõ.hlska fndaÜgqfõ A fl<jf¾ isg miq mi B fl<jr olajd weúo f.k hdfuka
fndaÜgqfõ A fl<jr bjqr olajd hdka;ñka f.k wd yels kï wdrïNfha§ A fl<jr ;snqfka bjqf¾ isg
fldmuK ÿßkao @ AB f¾Ldj bjqrg ,ïnl nj;a c, m%;sfrdaOh fkd.sKsh yels nj;a i,lkak'

39. Time target : 8 minutes

ne¨fï ialkaOh 50 kg o j÷rdf.a ialkaOh 25 kg o fõ' moaO;sh ksYp
a , wyfia ksYp
a ,j mj;S' j÷rd bKsufÕa
fl<jfrysu isák w;r yÈisfha u W! ksYap, bKsufÕys 0.5 m s m%fõ.fhka by< kÕskakg mgka .kS'
–1

i. bKsuÕg idfmaCIj j÷rdf.a m%fõ.h fldmuKo @

ii. fmdf<djg idfmaCIj ne¨fï m%fõ.h fldmuKo @
iii. fmdf<djg idfmaCIj j÷rdf.a m%fõ.h fldmuKo @
iv. j÷rd bKsufÕa by< fl<jrg meñKSug .; lrk ld,h fldmuKo @
v. fmdf<djg idfmalaIj j÷rd f.a úia:dmkh l=ulao @
vi. fmdf<djg idfmalaIj ne¨fï úia:dmkh l=ulao @
vii. ne¨ug idfmalaIj j÷rdf.a úia:dmkh l=ulao@
6m

40. Time target : 15 minutes

wdrïNl wÜgd,h (lanuching pad) u; ;sfnk úg wNHjldY Ig,hl
(space shuttle) ialkaOh 2.0 x 106 kg fõ' Ig,h .uka lrùu i|yd by<g we;s l<
hq;= f;rmqu jk 3 x 107 N ,nd .kafka ;;amrhlg 3 x 103 kg l ialkaO m%udKhla
oykh lr tu.ska we;sjkakd jQ WKqiï q jdhqj m;=f,ys we;s keiskak (nozzle) yryd
bj;g úÈfuks' by<g we;s f;rmqï n,h" bkaOk oykh ùfï YS>%;dj (M) iy
Ig,hg idfmaCIaj jdhqj ksl=;a jk m%fõ.h (u)ys .=Ks;fhka ,efí'
i. Mu .=Ks;hg" n,fha udk we;s nj fmkajkak'
ii. a) wdrïNl wÜgd,fhka bj;aùug mgka .kakd wjia:dfõ Ig,fha
wdrïNl ;ajrKh fldmuKo @
b) Ig,fha ;ajrKh ksh; hehs Wml,amkh lrñka .uka wrUd 30 s g
miq Ig,fha m%fõ.h ks¾Kh lrkak'

Samitha Ratnayake - 13 - Innovative Physics

 iii. a. Ig,hg idfmalaIj jdhqj ksl=;ajk m%fõ.h (u) .Kkh lrkak'
b. Ig,h .uka wrUd 30 s g miq fmdf<djg idfmalaIj jdhqj ksl=;ajk m%fõ.h fldmuKo @

iv. msg; jdhqf.da,h fkdue;s kï Ig,h ;ajrKh úh fkdyels hehs YsIHfhla m%ldY lrhs' fuu m%ldYh
ksjerÈo @ Tnf.a ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'

v. a. "Ig,h u; by<g we;s f;rmqu ksh;j mej;=k;a bkaOk oykh jk úg i;H jYfhkau tys
;ajrKh jeä fõ"' fuu m%ldYh meyeÈ,s lrkak'
b. by; v ) a ) wjia:djg wod<j Ig,h i|yd m%fõ.h (v)- ld,h (t)- o< jl%h w¢kak'

vi.
4.0 × 102 ms–1 8.0 × 102 ms–1

(A) (B)

a. A rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ Ig,h mDÓúhg iómj" ;sriaj 4.0 x 102 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska .uka lrk
wjia:djla i,lkak' fuu wjia:dfõ§ Ig,fha ialkaOh 1.0 x 105 kg fõ' wjdikdjka; wNHka;r
msmsreula ksid Ig,h iudk ialkaO iys; len,s follg (P iy Q) lefâ' (B) rEmfhka
fmkajd we;s mßÈ P lene,a, 8.0 x 102 ms1 m%fõ.hlska ^fmdf<djg idfmaCIj& ;sria j bÈßhg
.uka lrhs kï fmdf<djg idfmalaIj Q lene,af,a m%fõ.h ks¾Kh lrkak' P g idfmalaIj
Q ys m%fõ.h fldmuKo@ msmsreu ksid Ig,fha ialkaO ydkshla fkdue;s nj Wml,amkh
lrkak'
b. msmsÍfuka miq fmdf<dfõ isák ksÍlaIlfhl=g fmfkk mßÈ P yd Q len,sj, bkslaì;s
p,s;h fláfhka i|yka lrkak'
c. msmsreu 0.2 s mqrd mej;sfha kï msmr
s eu ksid tla tla lene,a, u; fhfok n,fha idudkH w.h
fldmuKo @
(2003 / AL)

Samitha Ratnayake - 14 - Innovative Physics

 MCQ - Past Papers
Time target : 30 minutes
Paper - 1

01. ;sria Èidjla Tiafia jï mig 10 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska .uka lrk 5 x 10-2 kg jQ ueá .=,shla" ;sria Èidj
Tiafia u 12 ms-1 m%fõ.hlska ol=Kq mig .uka lrk 6 x 10-2 kg jQ ueá .=,shla iu. .efÜ' .egqfuka
miq .=,s fol tlg we,S mj;S kï tu ixhqla; jia;=j .uka .kakd m%fõ.h jkafka"
1' 0 2' 1 ms -1 3' 2 ms -1 4' 11 ms -1 5' 22 ms -1
(A/L 1997)

02. ialkaOh 5 kg jq jia;=jla u; l%shdlrk F n,h ld,h ( t ) iu. úp,kh

jk whqre m%ia;drfha ±lafõ' jia;=j u.ska ,nd .kakd ,o .uH;dj jkqfha"
1' 350 N s 2' 80 N s 3' 70 N s 4' 40 N s
5' 0

(A/L 1998)

03. ialkaOh 1000 kg iy È. 11 m jk ÿïßh ueÈßhla >¾IKfhka f;dr" iDcq" ;sria mS,s u; ksYap,j we;'
ueÈßh ;=< isák ialkaOh 100 kg jk ñksfila ueÈßfha tla fl<jrl isg wfkla fl<jrg tl t,af,a
.uka lrhs' ueÈßhg ksoyfia p,kh úh yels kï th p,kh jk ÿr
1' 0 2' 1/10 m 3' 1/11 m 4' 1 m 5' 11 m
(A/L 1998)

04. ialkaO ms<sfj,ska m1 yd m2 (m2 > m1 ) jQ P yd Q l=Üá

folla iqug ;sria fïihla u; ;nd we;' iïmSvkh lrk
,o ieye,a¨ ÿkakl fofl<jrg" fuu l=Üá fol iïnkaO
lr we;s w;r tajd S kï jQ ;ka;=jla u.ska rEmfha olajd
we;s mßÈ ksi,j r|jd ;nd f.k we;' ;ka;=j lemQ úg"
(A) l=Üáj, iïmQ¾K .uH;dj Y=kHfhys mj;s
(B) ÿkak u.ska l=Üá u; fhfok n,hkaf.a úYd,;aj iudk fõ'
(C) wdrïNfha § P l=Üáh Q g jvd fõ.hlska úp,kh fõ'
by; m%ldY j,ska
1' (A) muKla i;H fõ' 2' (B) muKla i;H fõ'
3' (A) yd (B) muKla i;H fõ' 4' (B) yd (C) muKla i;H fõ'
5' (A) , (B) yd (C) ish,a,u i;H fõ' (A/L 1999)

05. ialkaO ms,f

s j,ska 2 kg yd 1 kg jQ A yd B l=Üá folla tlsfkl
iam¾Y jk fia >¾IKh rys; fïihla u; ;nd we;' rEmfhys
±lafjk mßÈ A u; F kï jq ;sria n,hla fhÿúg B u.ska A u;
we;s lrk n,h 1 N fõ' tu n,h bj;a fldg Bg iudk n,hla
úreoaO ÈYdjg B u; fhÿúg A u.ska B u; fhfok n,h jkafka"
1' 0.5 N 2' 1 N 3' 2 N
4' 4 N 5' 5 N
(A/L 1999)

06. ialkaOh M jk my; i|yka jia;= w;ßka úYd,;u ;ajrKh we;af;a l=ulgo @
1' 2' 3' 4' 5'

(A/L 2000)

Samitha Ratnayake - 15 - Innovative Physics

07. frdlghla mDÓúfha isg mDÓú mDIaGhg ,ïnl j bj;g p,s; ùfï§ frdlgh ;=< jQ m
bkaOkj, ialkaOh (m) ld,h (t) iu. wvqjk wdldrh m%ia;drfhka olajd we;'
jdhqf.da,Sh m%;f
s rdaOh fkdi,ld yeßh yels kï iy bkaOk u.ska we;s lrk f;rmqu
È.gu ksh;j mj;S kï frdlgfhys m%fõ.h (v) ld,h (t) iu. fjkia jk wdldrh
jvd;au fyd¢ka ksrEmKh jkafka my; l=uk m%ia;drfhkao @ t

1' 2' 3' 4' 5'

v v v v v

t t t
t t

(A/L 2000)

08. ialkaO folla ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jla u.ska iïnkaO fldg iqug

;sria fïihla u; ;nd rEm igyfka fmkajd we;s whqre wÈkq
,efí' ialkaO fol hd lrk ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh fldmuK o @
1' 4 N 2' 8 N 3' 12 N 4' 20 N 5' 30 N
(A/L 2001)

09. frdlÜgqjla ;=< isria w;g msysgd we;s yrialv j¾.M,h 3.0 m2 jq gexlshl øj Tlaiscka 1.8 × 104 kg
m%udKhla we;' frdlÜgqj msg;a jk fudfydf;a § tys ;ajrKh fmd<jg idfmalaIj by<g 2.0 ms–2 fõ' tu
fudfydf;a È gexlsh m;=< u; mSvkh"
1' 1.2 × 103 N m–2 2' 7.2 × 103 N m–2 3' 1.2 × 104 N m–2 4' 6.0 × 104 N m–2
5' 7.2 × 10 N m
4 –2

(A/L 2001)

10. tla fl<jrla oDV f,i iïnkaO lr we;s isria m%;Hia: ;ka;=jl my< fl<jrg ialkaOhla iïnkaO fldg
we;' ±ka F n,hla fh§fuka ialkaOh ksh; m%fõ.hlska my<g p,kh lrjkq ,efí' ld,h t iu. F ys
fjkia ùu jvd;au fyd¢ka ksrEmKh lrkqfha"
1' 2' 3' 4' 5'

(A/L 2001)

11. iqug fïihl u; we;s m iy 4m ialkaO fol rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ
ÿkaklg tfrysj iïmsvkhl lr ;nd we;' ialkaO fol ksoyia l<úg tajdfha
fõ. VA iy VB w;r iïnkaOh jkqfha"
1' VA = VB 2' VA = 2VB 3' VA = 4VB
4' 2VA = VB 5' 4VA = VB (A/L 2002)

12. ialkaOh 0.05 kg jk f.d,a*a fnda,hlg f.d,a*a ms;af;ka myr ÿka miq tu fnda,h 70 ms–1 m%fõ.hlska
ksl=;a fjhs' f.d,a*a ms;a; u; fnda,fha iam¾Y ld,h 5 × 10–4 s kï fnda,h u; f.da,a*a ms;af;ka fhdok
uOHkH n,h jkqfha"
1' 5.0 × 105 N 2' 2.5 × 105 N 3' 7.0 × 103 N 4' 1.4 × 103 N 5' 1.2 × 103 N
(A/L 2003)

Samitha Ratnayake - 16 - Innovative Physics

13. >¾IKfhka f;dr ;sria mDIaGhla u; ksi,;djfhys mj;sk A iy
m
B i¾jiu fg%d,s folla ;=< i¾jiu ialkaOhla iys; <uhs fofofkla V
isg f.k isáhs' A fg%d,sfha isák <uhd fmd<jg idfmalI
a j V m%fõ.hlska
;sria w;g ialkaOh m jk fnda,hla úis lrk w;r B fg%d,sfha isák
A B
<uhd th w,a,d .kshs' <ufhl= iu. fg%d,shl ialkaOh M kï A yd B
fg%d,sj, wjidk m%fõ. ms<sfj,ska"

–mV –mV –mV mV

1' iy fõ' 2' iy fõ'
M M+m M+m M+m
–mV mV –mV mV
3' iy fõ' 4' iy fõ'
M M+m M–m M+m

5' – V iy V fõ' (A/L 2003)

14. iqug ;sria fïihla u; we;s jia;=jla u; 10 N l ;sria n,hla 10 ms ld,dka;rhla ;=< fhdokq ,efí'
SI tall j,ska jia;=fjys .uH;d fjkiaùu jkqfha"
1' 10–3 2' 0.1 3' 1.0 4' 102 5' 103 (A/L 2004)

15. ;sria whsia mDIaGhla u; isgf.k isák A iy B keue;s msßñ <uqka

fofofkla tlsfkld ;,a¨lr .ekSu u.ska bj;g .uka lr;s' A f.a
nr B f.a nr fuka fo.=Khls' A <uhd 4m ÿrla .uka lr we;s
úg B .uka l< ÿr jkqfha"
1' 0 2' 2 m 3' 4 m
4' 8 m 5' 12 m

(A/L 2006)

16. rEmfha mßÈ  ksh; fõ.hlska iDcq ;sria mS,s u; .uka lrk fg%d,shl
isgf.k isák A kï ;eke;a;d jia;j = la w;yÍ' B hkq fmdf<dj u; isgf.k
isák ksÍlaIlfhls' jd;fha m%;sfrdaOh fkdi,ld yeßh yels kï A iy B
ksÍlaIKh lrk mßÈ jia;=fõ .uka m: ksrEmKh lrkqfha

1' 2' 3' 4' 5'

(A/L 2006)

Samitha Ratnayake - 17 - Innovative Physics

 MCQ - Past Papers

Paper - 2 Time target : 30 minutes

01. rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ f,day l=Üáhla P ;ka;=jlska wdOdrlhl t,ajd we;' i¾jiu Q
;ka;=jla l=Üáfha há me;a;g wE|d we;' my; m%ldYk n,kak'
(A)Q we§ we;s kï P ys wd;;sh Q ys wd;;shg jvd jeä h'
(B) flfuka jeäjk wd;;shlska Q wÈk úg Q g m%:ufhka P leã hdfï m%jK;djla we;'
(C) yÈis .eiaulska Q weoao úg P g m%:ufhka Q leã hdfï m%jK;djla we;'
by; m%ldY w;=frka
1' ( A ) muKla i;H fõ' 2' ( A ) iy ( B ) muKla i;H fõ'
3' ( A ) iy ( C ) muKla i;H fõ' 4' ( B ) iy ( C ) muKla i;H fõ'
5' ( A ), ( B ) iy ( C ) hk ish,a, u i;H fõ' (A/L 2007)

02. l%shd n,h iy m%;sl%shd n,h iïnkaOfhka lr we;s my; i|yka m%ldY i,ld n,kak'
(A) tajd úYd,;ajfhka iudkh' (B) tajd tlu jia;=j u; l%shd lrhs'
(C) tajd ÈYdfjka tlsfklg m%;súreoaOh'
by; m%ldY w;=frka
1' (A) muKla i;H fõ' 2' (A) yd (B) muKla i;H fõ'
3' (A) yd (C) muKla i;H fõ' 4' (B) yd (C) muKla i;H fõ'
5' (A) , (B) yd (C) hk ish,a,u i;H fõ' (A/L 2008)

03. >¾IKfhka f;dr lmamshla u;ska hk ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jlg

wE|d we;s nr 100 N yd 400 N jk l=Üá folla A rEmfha
fmkajhs' moaO;sfha nr jeä l=Üáh bj;a fldg ;ka;=j 400
N n,hlska my<g wÈk wjia:djla B rEmfhka fmkajhs'
wjia:d fofla§ 100 N l=Üáfha ;ajrK ms<sfj<ska fokq
,nkafka"
1' 0.6 ms–2 iy 3 ms–2
2' 6 ms–2 iy 6 ms–2
3' 10 ms–2 iy 10 ms–2
4' 6 ms–2 iy 40 ms–2
5' 6 ms–2 iy 30 ms–2 (A/L 2008)

04. isriaj by<g mekSfï§ mqoa.,hl=f.a mdo u; fmdf<dfjka fhfok

n,h (F) ld,h (t) iuÕ úp,kh jk wdldrh rEmfha ±lafõ' n,h
(F), 0.3 s ;=,§ mqo.
a ,hdf.a idudkH nr jk 650 N isg 1430 N olajd
jeä ù 0.1 s ;=< § ksh;j mej;S" B<Õg mdo fmdf<dfõ iam¾Yfhka
ñfok úg Y=kH olajd my; niS' mqoa.,hd fmdf<dfjka bj;a jQ
fõ.h fldmuKo @
1' 1 ms–1 2' 1.5 ms–1 3' 2 ms–1
4' 3 ms–1 5' 10 ms–1

(A/L 2008)

Samitha Ratnayake - 18 - Innovative Physics

05. >¾IKh rys; ;sria mDIaGhla u; ;nd we;s M iy m ialkaO folla
ialkaOh fkdi,ld yeßh yels ÿkaklska rEmfha ±lafjk wdldrhg
tlsfklg iïnkaO lr we;' ÿkak iïmSvkh jk mßÈ ialkaO fol m%:ufhka
tlsfklg f;rmd miqj uqodyef¾' m ialkaOfha wdrïNl ;ajrKh a kï tu fudfydf;a M ialkaOfha
;ajrKfha úYd,;ajh l=ulao @
ma Ma ma Ma (M+m) a
1' m 2' m 3'  4' m 5' m
(A/L 2009)
06. 0.15 kg ialkaOhla iys; l%l s Ü fnda,hla ms;slrejl= úiska myr
§ug fudfyd;lg fmr 20 m s–1 l fõ.hlska .uka lrhs' myr
ÿka úg ms;;a u.ska fnda,h u; ckkh lrk n,h (F) ys ld,h
(t) iu. úp,kh m%ia;drfha fmkajd we;' fnda,h m%;súreoaO
ÈYdjg fmd<d mkS kï myr §ug fudfyd;lg miqj l%slÜ
fnda,fha fõ.h"
1' 20 m s–1 2' 25 m s–1 3' 65 m s–1
4' 70 m s –1
5' 110 m s –1

(A/L 2010)
07. wdrïNfha§ ksi,;djfha mj;sk ialkaOh 0.5 kg jk fnda,hlg ms;a;lska
myr fohs' ld,h (t) iu. fnda,h u; n,fha (F) úp,kh rEmfha fmkajd
we;' ms;af;ka bj;a jk úg fnda,fha fõ.h jkqfha"
1' 10 ms–1 2' 8 ms–1 3' 6 ms–1 4' 4 ms–1
5' 2 ms –1

(A/L 2012)

08. ialkaOh 2M jk A keue;s jia;=jla rEmfha fmfkk mßÈ iqug

;sria mDIaGhla u; ;nd we;s w;r ialkaOh M jk B l=vd l=Üáhla
jia;=j uqÿfka ;nd we;' ksi,;djfhka mgkaf.k B l=Üáh A ys
iqug mDIaGh Tiafia my<g i¾mKh fõ' B l=Üáh A f.ka bj;ajk 2M
fudfydf;a§ A ys fõ.h  fokq ,nkafka"

1' 2gh 2' gh

gh gh gh
3'  4'  5'  5 (A/L 2013)
2 3

_
09. rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ ;sria mDIaGhla u; 1 ms 1 l ksh; m%fõ.fhka .uka
lrk ialkaOh 500 kg jQ nr frda,rhla iqug isria ì;a;shla u; .eà 0.5 s
;=<§ k;r fõ' frda,rh u.ska ì;a;h
s u; we;s lrk ,o ;sria n,h jkafka"
1' 5000 N 2' 3000 N 3' 2000 N
4' 1000 N 5' 500 N (A/L 2014)

10. l=vd jia;=jla wdrïNfha§ O ,laIHfha ksi,j mj;sk w;r wNHka;r

msmsÍula ksid th fldgia ;=klg leã bj;g .uka lrhs' msmsÍfuka
miq p,kh jk fldgia ;=fka lsishï fudfyd;l§ msysàï rEmfha
A, B iy C ,laIHhkaf.ka fmkajd we;' A ,laIHfha we;s fldgfia
ialkaOh 6 g kï" msmr
s eug fmr jia;f
= õ ialkaOh ^.a?ïj,ska& l=ulao @
1' 6 2' 9 3' 12
4' 15 5' 18

(A/L 2014)

Samitha Ratnayake - 19 - Innovative Physics

11. >¾IKh rys; fïihla u; mekai,la tys ;=äka isriaj ;ndf.k we;s wdldrh rEmfha
fmkajd we;' mekai, ksoyfia +x ÈYdj foig jeàug bvyeßh úg" tys .=re;aj flakøa fha
.uka m:h jvd;a fyd¢ka ksrEmKh lrkq ,nkafka"
1' 2' 3'

4' 5'

(A/L 2015)
_
12. ialkaOh 50 kg jQ ðïkdiaála l%Svlfhla iajlSh YÍrh iDcqj" isriaj 6 ms 1 l fõ.fhka fmdf<dj u; m;s;
lrhs' Tyqf.a fomd fmdf<dj u; iam¾Y ùu;a iu.u" YÍrfha b;sß fldgia isriaj ;nd .ksñka Tyq oKysia
kjd 0.2 s ld,hl§ ;u YÍrh iïmQ¾Kfhka ksYap,;djhg m;alr .kshs' 0.2 s ld,h ;=<§ fmdf<dj u.ska
l%Svlhd u; fhfok n,fha idudkH w.h jkqfha"
1' 30 N 2' 300 N 3' 1500 N 4' 1800 N 5' 3000 N
(A/L 2015)

13. jd;fha isria j my<g jefgk jia;=jla laIKhlska mqmqrd len,s y;rla njg m;a fõ' mqmqrd hdfuka
fudfyd;lg miq len,sj, p,s;j,g ;sìh yels ÈYd fmkajd we;af;a my; l=uk rEm igyk u.skao @
(msmsÍug fmr jia;=fõ p,s; ÈYdj' )
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

(A/L 2016)

14. (a) rEmfha fmkajd we;s mßÈ ialkaOh 2m iy m jQ l=Üá folla tlsfklg
iam¾Y jk f,i iqug mDIaGhla u; ;nd we;' F ;sria ndysr n,hla" ialkaOh
2 m jk l=Üáh u; fh¥ úg" my; i|yka l=uk rEm igyk uÕska l=Üá
fol u; l%shd lrk n, ksjerÈj fmkajkq ,nhso @
(1) (2)

(3) (4) (5)

(A/L 2016)

Samitha Ratnayake - 20 - Innovative Physics

15. ;sria iqug máhla u; tys odrfha ksYap,j isák ialkaOh 2×106 kg ^2 ñ,s .%Eï& jQ l=yqUf
q jl= láka msU 0.2 s
ld,hl § bj;a lrkq ,efí' msôk ÈYdj rEmfha B;, u`.ska fmkajd we;s mßÈ ;sria fõ' l=yU q j
q d 0.5 ms1 ;sria
m%fõ.hlska msôk ÈYdjg úis fõ kï" msöu u`.ska l=yqUqjd u; we;s lrk n,fha idudkH w.h jkqfha"

(1) 5×106 N (2) 1×105 N (3) 2×105 N

(4) 1×103 N (5) 5×10 N

(A/L 2018)

16. ialkaOh 2 kg jQ l=Üáhla ;sria mDIaGhla Èf.a ;,a¨ lrkq ,efí' l=Üáfhys úia:dmkh x" ld,h t" iu`.
úp,kh rEmfha fmkajd we;' l=Üáh u; tys p,s; ÈYdjg l%shdlrk F iïm%hql; a n,fha w.hhka 0< t < 2"
2< t < 4 iy 4< t < 5 hk ld, wka;r tl tlla ;=< § fkdfjkiaj mj;S' my; l=ula u`.ska ld,dka;r tl
tlla ;=< § F ys úYd,;ajh ksjerÈ j ±lafjhs o @

F(N) F(N) F(N)

(0<t<2) (2<t<4) (4<t<5)
0 0 0
0 1.5 0
0 2 0
1 0 0
2 1.5 1

(A/L 2018)

Samitha Ratnayake - 21 - Innovative Physics

 MCQ

Paper - 3 Time target : 30 minutes

01. ieye,a¨ yd iqug wp, lmamshla jgd hk ieye,a¨ ;ka;=jl fofl,jßka m1 yd m2 ialkaO folla t,ajd
;sfí' m1 yd m2 , g /8 l ;ajrKfhka .uka .kS kï m1 yd m2 w;r wkqmd;h jkafka "
1' 8 : 1 2' 9 : 7 3' 4 : 3 4' 5 : 3 5' 2 : 1

02. ialkaOh m jQ wxY=jla u; F1 , F2 yd F3 kï tal;, n, ;=kla l%shdlrhs' wdrïNfha§ wxY=j iu;=,s;j mej;=ks
kï CIKslj F3 n,h bj;a l,fyd;a wxY=fõ ;ajrKh jkafka "
1' F1 / m 2' F2 / m 3' F3 / m 4' ( F1 + F2 ) / m 5' ( F1 – F2 ) / m

03. rEmfha oelafjk moaO;sh ;nd we;af;a iqug ;sria ìula u; nj i,ld A yd A B C
B w;r;a B yd C w;r;a fhfok wNs,ïn m%;slsh % d w;r wkqmd;h jkafka"
3F m m m
1' 1 : 3 2' 3 : 1 3' 1 : 2
4' 2 : 1 5' 1 : 1

04. ialkaOh m jQ fnda,hla u m%fõ.fhka ì;a;h

s la yd ,ïn f,i .eà fmd,d mkS'
.egqu m%;Hia: jk w;r .egqfï§ fnda,h yd ì;a;sh w;r yg.kakd n,h ( F )
ld,h ( t ) iuÕ fjkia jkafka my; ±lafjk mßÈh' F0 ys w.h jkafka"
1' mu / T 2' 2mu / T 3' 4mu / T
4' mu / 2T 5' mu / 4T

05. by,g .uka .kakd 1500 kg l ialkaOlska hq;a W;af;da,lhl m%fõ.

(V) - ld, (t) m%ia:drh rEmfha ±lafõ'
t = 1s jk fudfydf;a§ W;af;da,lh t,ajd we;s ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh jkafka "
1' 12300 N 2' 15000 N 3' 17700 N
4' 20400 N 5' 9600 N

06. 6 ms–1 m%fõ.fhka .uka .kakd wxY=jla ksYap,j we;s i¾jiu wxY=jla iuÕ
.efÜ' .egqñka miq wxY= folu uq,a p,s; ÈYdjg 300 la wdk; ÈYdj,g .uka lrhs' .egqñka miq wxY=kaf.a
m%fõ.j, úYd,;aj jkafka" ( ms–1 )
1' 3 , 32 2' 23 , 32 3' 2 3 , 2 3 4' 3 2 , 3 2 5' 3 , 3

07. rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ lmamh s la Wäka jeà we;s ;ka;j= l fl,jrg weª 100 kg ialkaOfhka
hq;a jia;=jla by,g tiùu i|yd wfkla fl,jf¾ isák 60 kg ialkaOhla we;s
ñksfila ;ka;=jg idfmalaIj 5g/4 l ;ajrKfhka by< k.skakg mgka .kS' fuúg
;ka;f = õ wd;;sh jkafka"
1' 1432 N 2' 1219 N 3' 928 N
4' 642 N 5' 572 N

08. iudk ialkaOfhka hq;a A , B yd C kï wxY= ;=kla rEmfha ±lafjk mßÈ iumdo ;%sfldaKhl uOHia: Tiafia
v fõ.fhka .uka lr flakaøfha§ .efÜ' .egqñka miq A ksYpa , jk w;r B uq,a ud¾.h Tiafiau v fõ.fhka
wdmiq meñfKa .egqñka miq C ys m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh yd ÈYdj jkafka"

1' V , OA

2' 2V , OA

3' 2V , OB

4' V , BO

5' V , OC

Samitha Ratnayake - 22 - Innovative Physics

09. rEmfha olajd we;s moaO;sfha lmams yd ;ka;= ieye,a¨ jk w;r >¾IK n, ish,a,
fkd.sKsh yelsh' A yd B ys ;ajrK ms<sfj,ska "
1' g/3 , g/6 2' g/6 , g/3
3' g/2 , g/2 4' g/4 , g/2
5' 0 , 0

10. rEmfha ±lafjk moaO;sfha 5 kg yd 7 kg ialkaO fol wdrïNfha§ ;sria ;,h u; 120 N
ksi,j ;sfí' lmamsh iqug yd ieye,a¨ jk w;r F = 120N isria n,hlska lmamsh
by,g w§' ;ka;=jo ieye,a¨ kï my; ±lafjk tajdhska i;H jkQfha "
1' ;ka;=fõ wd;;sh 120 N ls'
2' ialkaO folu by,g ;ajrKh fõ'
3' 7 kg my,g ;ajrKh jk w;r 5 kg by,g;ajrKh fõ'
4' ialkaO folu ksh; m%fõ.fhka by,g .uka lrhs'
5' 7 kg ksYap,ju mj;S'

11. rEmfha ±lafjk iqug wdk; ;,h u; m ;nd we;' ;,h l=uk wju ;ajrKhlska (a) p,kh l,fyd;a m "
ksoyfia isriaj my,g jefÜo @
1' g Cos 
2' g Sin 
3' g Tan 
4' g / Tan 
5' g / Sin 

12. M ialkaOfhka hq;a ne¨khla a ;ajrKfhka my,g .uka lrhs' bka m ialkaOhla bj;a l, úg ne¨kh a
;ajrKfhka by,g .uka lrhs' ne¨kfha mßudj fjkia fkdfõ hehs ie,l+ úg m ys w.h jkafka" ^jd;
m%;f
s rdaOh fkdi,ld yßkak'&
a 2a a+g a+g a+g
1' a + g M 2' a + g M 3' 4' 5'
a M 2a M g M

13. m%laIsma;hla Wmßu Wfia§ 20 ms–1 fõ.fhka .uka .kakd w;r yÈisfhau i¾jiu len,s follg mqmqrd hhs'
tla lene,a,la 30 ms–1 m%fõ.fhka isriaj by<g .uka .kS" kï wfkla lene,af,a m%fõ.fha úYd,;ajh
jkqfha" ( ms–1 )
1' 20 2' 30 3' 40 4' 50 5' 60

14. rEmfha ±lafjk iudk m ialkaOfhka hq;= A yd B jia;= fol u; olajd we;s ;sria n, l%shdlrhs' iEu
ia:dkhlu >¾IK n, fkdi,ld yer A " B u; ,siaid fkdhhs kï A yd B w;r we;s wNs,ïN m%;sl%shdj
fidhkak'
1' 2 F
2' F
3' F / 2
4' F / 3
5' 3 F

15. ialkaOh 60 kg jk YsIHhl= yd ialkaOh 50 kg jk YsIHdjl È. 6 m yd ialkaOh 20 kg jk taldldr ,E,a,l

fofl,jr isg f.k isá;s' ,E,a, iqug ;sria ;,hla u; ;nd ;sfí' fofokd uqK .efik úg ,E,a,g
idfmaCIj YsIHhdf.a úia:dmkh x0 kï fmdf<djg idfmalaIj ,E,af,a úia:dmkh
1' (30 x0 – 11) / 13 2' (11 x0 – 30) / 13
3' (13 x0 – 11) / 30 4' (13 x0 + 11) / 30
5' 0

Samitha Ratnayake - 23 - Innovative Physics

 ms<s;=re - wNHdi

01. i.  wvqfõ' ii.  jeäfõ' 02. i. 66.7 % ii. 55.6 %

F m1F F m1F (m1+ m) F (m1+ m/2) F

03. i. , ii. , , ,
m 1+ m 2 m 1+ m 2 m 1+ m 2 + m m 1+ m 2 + m m 1+ m 2 + m m 1+ m 2 + m

04. i. a = 2g (2m1 – m2) / (4m1+m2) , T = 3 m1 m2 g / (4m1+m2)

ii. a = (m1 sin – m2 sin ) g / (m1+m2), T = m1 m2 g (sin +sin )/(m1+m2)
05. i. 0, 0 ii. 0, 4.9 ms–2 iii. 0.8 ms–2 , 11.4 ms–2

06. i. Tõ ii. ke; 07. T = ( l –l x ) F

mg (m + m) (M + m)
08. 72 kg, 60 kg, 36 kg 9. , 2 Mg , 2 Mmg , 4 Mg
2M + m 2M + m 2 M+m 2M + m

10. i. 1.25 N ii. 2.5 N iii. 3.75 N iv. 5 N v. 6.25 N

vi. 0.25 N
11. i. (1 – m1/m2) g ii. [m1g – m2 (g – a) ] / (m1 + m2) 12. i. 20 N ii. 50 N

V1 mg–F t1 mg+F
13. = = 14. 45 0 15. 
V mg+F t mg–F

16. ( M +m1 +m2) m2g /m1 17. g Sin  ( 1 + M/ m ) my<g 18. i. 0.2 kg ms–1 ii. 0.1 kg ms–1
19. i. 2s ii. 0.8 Ns 20. i. 2.5 Ns ii. (a) 6.25 ms " ol=Kg (b) 3.75 ms–1" ol=Kg
–1

21. 2 ms–1 22.  5 V , tan –1 (2) 23. mn v 24. 1400 N

25. 225 kPa 26. 1.55 kg 27. ( m1 + m2 ) g t0 28. l (l–Cos) / 2 29. 0.9 v , 300
30. 1271 ms–1 31. 20 ms–1 32. 30 3 m 33. 4 m
34. v1 = [m ( v + u) + Mv] / M + m , v2 = v , v3 = [m (v–u) + Mv] / M + m 35. 0.5 m
–1
36. i. 2 ms ii. 4.54 s iii. 9.1 m iv. 0 v. 0
vi. 18.2 m
37. i. u/2 ii. 3u / 2 iii. 10 / 3 u iv. 11.67 m
38. 3.33 m
39. i. 0.5 ms–1 ii. 1/6 ms–1 iii. 1/3 ms–1 iv. 12 s v. 4 m
vi. 2 m vii. 6 m

40. i. Mu .=Ks;fha udk

= [MT –1] [LT –1]
= MLT –2 – – – 01
(M yd u ys ksjerÈ udk i|yd&

ii. a. F = ma fh§fuka b. v = u + at fh§fuka

7 6 6
3 × 10 – 2×10 × 10 = 2 × 10 a v = 5 × 30
a = 5 ms–2 – – – 01 v = 150 ms–1 – – – 01

iii. a. 3 × 107 = 3 × 103 u b. vG , E = vG , S + vS , E

4 –1
u = 10 ms =  104 + 150
vG , E = 9850 ms–1 – – – 01

Samitha Ratnayake - 24 - Innovative Physics

 iv. ksjerÈ fkdfõ' Ig,h" oyk jdhqj .uH;djhlska bj;g úÈk w;r tu bj;ajk oyk jdhqjg úreoaOj by<g
;,a¨ùu i|yd n,hla ,nd .kS' ^p,s;h ms<sn| f;jk kshuhg wkql+,j we;sjk fuu n,h u.ska Ig,h bÈßhg
;ajrKh lrhs' tuksid msg; we;s jd;h fï i|yd lsisÿ ld¾hNdrhla bgq fkdlrhs'& ke;skï oykh ù bj;g úÈk
jdhqjg fhdok my<g we;s n,hg iudk n,hla Ig,h u; by<g we;sfõ' tuksid ^msg; jdhqf.da,fha lsisÿ
wjYH;djhla fï i|yd ke;&
ke;skï"
Ig,h" oykh jk jdhqj bj;g úÈk w;r Ig,h f¾Çh .uH;d ixiaÓ;s kshuhg wkqj ;ajrKh fõ' ^msg; jdhqj
;sîu fyda fkd;sîu fuhg n,mEula fkdue;'& – – – 01

v. a. bkaOk oykh jk úg Ig,fha ialkaOh wvqfõ' tuksid Ig,fha ;ajrKh jeä fõ'

b. v

t – – – 01
^jl%fha yevh we£u muKla iEfya' jl%fha wdrïNl fldgi ir, f¾Ldjla úh yel' jl%fha yevh ksjerÈ kï wlaI
,l=Kq lsÍu wjYH ke;'&

10 5 10 5
vi. a. 105 × 4 × 102 = × 8 × 102 – vQ , E
2 2
vQ , E = 0 – – – 01
vQ , P = vQ , E + vE , P
= 0 +  8 × 102
vQ , P= 8 × 102 ms–1 – – – 02

^ksjerÈ fkdjk fyda ÈYdj i|yka fkdl< ms<s;=re j,ska ,l=Kq 01 la lefma& ÈYdj ksrEmkh lsÍu i|yd we§u
fyda jpkfhka ÈYdj i|yka l< yel' ^Wod P ys p,s;h ÈYdjg úreoaO ÈYdjg&

b. P m%laIsma;hla f,i p,kh fõ' ke;skï tys ud¾.h fuf,i jl%hlska we£u – – – 01
Q .=re;ajh hgf;a jefÜ$ksoyfia jefÜ$isriaj my<g jefÜ ke;skï  whqßka ud¾.h we£u i|yd – – – 01
(P iy Q len,s folu m%laIsma; f,i p,kh fõ hk m%ldYhg ,efnkafka tla ,l=Kls'&

10 5 (8–4)
c. F = 102
2 0.2
10 5 4×10 2 (0–4)×102
( =
2
×
0.2
fyda
10 5
2 0.2 )
ksjerÈ wdfoaYh i|yd – – – 01
8 – – – 01
F = 10 N

Samitha Ratnayake - 25 - Innovative Physics

 ms<s;=re - MCQ
Paper - 1

01. 3 02. 3 03. 4 04. 5 05. 3

06. 5 07. 5 08. 2 09. 5 10. 1
11. 3 12. 3 13. 3 14. 2 15. 4
16. 2

Paper - 2

01. 5 02. 3 03. 5 04. 4 05. 3

06. 2 07. 4 08. 4 09. 4 10. 5
11. 5 12. all 13. 5 14. 2 15. 1
16. all

Paper - 3

01. 2 02. 3 03. 4 04. 3 05. 3

06. 3 07. 2 08. 4 09. 5 10. 5
11. 4 12. 2 13. 4 14. 5 15. 2

D:\V\S~\2021 - R - U2 - Part III.pm7_Net 03 2020/11/11

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Samitha Ratnayake - 26 - Innovative Physics