E Eng-Calculations

Flat ends with a hub for uniform thickness shell

eaf
r

Deq
lcyl

es Di

Uniform thickness shell

Values for calculation

Material

plate and strip/EN 10028-2/P355GH/1.0473/N/1.2/60 < t ≤ 100

Calculation temperature

T 20 °C

Test temperature

Ttest 20 °C
Calculation pressure

P 4.4 MPa

Test pressure

Ptest 6 MPa

Inside diameter of the cylindrical shell welded to a flat end

Di 1170 mm

Analysis thickness of a uniform cylindrical shell, or the equivalent thickness of a tapered cylindrical shell,
adjacent to a flat end

es 30 mm

Analysis thickness of an end with a hub

eaf 70 mm

Inside radius of a hub

r 100 mm

Testing group

Joint coefficient

z 1

0.2 % proof strength at temperature T

Rp 0.2/ T 315 MPa

0.2 % proof strength at temperature Ttest

Rp 0.2/ Ttest 315 MPa

1.0 % proof strength at temperature T

Rp 1.0/ T MPa

1.0 % proof strength at temperature Ttest

Rp 1.0/ Ttest MPa

Tensile strength

Rm /20 490 MPa

Tensile strength at temperature T

Rm / T 490 MPa

Tensile strength at temperature Ttest

Rm / Ttest 490 MPa

Calculation
Maximum value of the nominal design stress for normal
operating load cases
Rp 0.2/ T Rm /20 315 490
fd = min ( , ) = min ( , ) = 204.2MPa
1.5 2.4 1.5 2.4

Maximum value of the nominal design stress for testing load

cases
Rp 0.2/ Ttest 315
ftest = = = 300MPa
1.05 1.05

Length of cylindrical shell

lcyl = 0.5 ⋅ √( Di + es ) ⋅ es = 0.5 ⋅ √(1170 + 30) ⋅ 30 = 94.9mm

Equivalent diameter of an end with a hub

Deq = Di − r = 1170 − 100 = 1070mm

Factor B 1

2 4
2
3 ⋅ fd es 3 Di P 3 (2 ⋅ Di + es ) ⋅ es 3 ⋅ 204.2
B 1 = 1 − ⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅
3
= 1 −
P Di + es 16 Di + es fd 4 ( Di + es ) 4.4

2 4
2
30 3 1170 4.4 3 (2 ⋅ 1170 + 30) ⋅ 30
⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅ = 0.916
3
1170 + 30 16 1170 + 30 204.2 4 (1170 + 30)

Factor B 1test

2 4

3 ⋅ ftest es 3 Di Ptest 3 (2 ⋅ Di + es ) ⋅ es 2
3 ⋅ 300
B 1test = 1 − ⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅
3
= 1 −
Ptest Di + es 16 Di + es ftest 4 ( Di + es ) 6

2 4
2
30 3 1170 6 3 (2 ⋅ 1170 + 30) ⋅ 30
⋅ ( ) + ⋅ ( ) ⋅ − ⋅ = 0.909
3
1170 + 30 16 1170 + 30 300 4 (1170 + 30)

Factor A 1
 es 30
A 1 = B 1 ⋅ [1 − B 1 ⋅ ] = 0.916 ⋅ [1 − 0.916 ⋅ ] = 0.905
2 ⋅ ( Di + es ) 2 ⋅ (1170 + 30)

Factor A 1test

es 30
A 1test = B 1test ⋅ [1 − B 1test ⋅ ] = 0.909 ⋅ [1 − 0.909 ⋅ ] = 0.898
2 ⋅ ( Di + es ) 2 ⋅ (1170 + 30)

Shape factor for calculation of circular flat ends

Di + es es
C 1 = max {[0.40825 ⋅ A 1 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} =
Di Di
1170 + 30 30
max {[0.40825 ⋅ 0.905 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} = 0.379
1170 1170

Shape factor for calculation of circular flat ends for testing load
cases
Di + es es
C 1test = max {[0.40825 ⋅ A 1test ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} =
Di Di
1170 + 30 30
max {[0.40825 ⋅ 0.898 ⋅ ] , [0.299 ⋅ (1 + 1.7 ⋅ )]} = 0.3762
1170 1170

Minimum required thickness for a flat end with a hub

P 4.4
e=C 1 ⋅ Deq ⋅ √ = 0.379 ⋅ 1070 ⋅ √ = 59.5mm
fd 204.2

eaf ≥ e → 70 ≥ 59.5

 Does suit.

Minimum required thickness for a flat end with a hub for testing
load cases
Ptest 6
etest = C 1test ⋅ Deq ⋅ √ = 0.3762 ⋅ 1070 ⋅ √ = 56.9mm
ftest 300

eaf ≥ etest → 70 ≥ 56.9

 Does suit.

Requirements
 r ≥ es → 100 ≥ 30

 Does suit.

r ≥ 1.3 ⋅ eaf → 100 ≥ 91

 Does suit.