HE SeniorHigh Q1 HairdressingI Version1

Senior High School
Home Economics
Quarter 1 - Module 1
Hairdressing 1
Home Economics (Modules)
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 - Module 1: Hair dressing
First Edition, 2020
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Senior High
Senior School
High School
Home Economics
Quarter 1 - Module 1
Hair dressing 1
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Table of Contents
What This Module is About............................................................................................................. i
What I Need to Know....................................................................................................................... ii
How to Learn from this Module..................................................................................................... ii
Icons of this Module........................................................................................................................ iii
What I Know.................................................................................................................................... iii
Lesson 1:
Treatment of hair and scalp................................................................................................1-31
1.1 Appreciate the benefits of scalp and hair treatment .............................................. 1
What’s In................................................................................................................. 1
What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 1
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………….. 2-3
What’s More ......................................................................................................... 4-5
What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 6
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 7

1.2 Analyze Scalp and Hair structure ………………………………………………. 8
What’s In................................................................................................................. 8
What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 8
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………….. 9-10

What’s More ......................................................................................................... 11
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 12
1.3 Distinguish diseases and Disorder of Scalp and Hair
What I Need to Know............................................................................................ 13
What’s New ............................................................................................................ 13
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14-16
What’s More: ......................................................................................................... 17
What I Have Learned ........................................................................................... 18
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18-19

1.4 Observe safety precautions and sanitation
What’s In ………………………………………………………………………… 20
What’s New …………………………………………………………………….. 20
What Is It: ……………………………………………………………………….21-23
What’s More .........................................................................................................24
What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 25
What I Can Do ……………………………………………………………….... 25

1.5 Explain the different types of shampoo and conditioner
What’s In................................................................................................................. 26
What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 26
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 27-29

What’s More …………………………………………………………………… 29-30
Lesson 2:
Prepare Client…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32-42
What’s I need to know............................................................................... 32
What’s New ……………………………………………………………………...32
What Is It: ………………………………………………………………………. 33
What’s More ......................................................................................................... 34
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………. 36
2.2 Provide appropriate clothing according to the desired type of service, and
size and built of the client................................................................................ 37-43
What’s In................................................................................................................. 37
What’s New .…………………………………………………………………… 37
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 38-39
What’s More ………………………………………………………………….. 39-40
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 41
2.3 Advice client to remove all jewelry and accessories
What Is It ………………………………………………………………………… 42
What’s More ......................................................................................................... 42

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 43
Lesson 3:
Apply shampoo and/or conditioner on the client …………………………………………………………. 44-47
What I need to know ............................................................................................ 44
What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 44-45
What’s More .........................................................................................................45-46
What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 47
Lesson 4:
Blow-dry hair ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 48-58
1.1 Towel dry and comb hair according to service requirements

What I need to know..............................................................................................48
What’s New ………………………………………………………………….. 48-49
What Is It ………………………………………………………………………49-50
What’s More .........................................................................................................50-51
What I Can Do: ………………………………………………………………….. 53
4.2 Blow-dry hair according to service requirements and following standards

procedure ………………...………………………………………………………………………. 54-56
4.3 Applying finishing product on blow-dried hair according to product to OHS
requirements. ………………………………………………………………………... 57-58
Lesson 5:
Lesson Perform Post-service activities………………………………………………… 59-63
5.1 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to OHS requirements.
5.2 Segregate and dispose waste materials according to OHS requirements
What’s In................................................................................................................. 61
What’s More ……………………………………………………………………. 62
Summary …………………………………………………………………………………………64
Assessment: (Post-Test) ……………………………………………………………………….65
Key to Answers ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..66
References …………………………………………………………………………………… 67-68

What This Module is About
Philippine Education never stops rendering new learning modality for the new normal.
The attacked of Pandemic crises may have destroyed lives and economy but it won’t destroy the
bridge between teacher and learners. As we overcome this darkness that loomed the earth, may
we embrace these together as family—the smallest unit of the society, right? But when the
foundation of learning begets from there, we will all together heal as one. In Technology and
Livelihood Education particularly Home Economics modules, learners will have the opportunity to
read, learn and develop skills for you to be equipped and become competent in facing the new
normal.
Hello, dear learners. It is nice to meet you again! Did you enjoy doing your class activities
on hair dressing? I hope you did. This time around, you are going to learn on related topics to
Home Economics such as the –hair dressing-. You will find it most important to understand why
we frequently experience diseases and disorders of scalp and hair. The aim of this module is to
allow a better understanding of the hair shaft structure and behavior, as well as information
about the hair cosmetics. Knowing their mode of action, safeties and ingredients will enable the
learner to better assess different problems secondary to cosmetic treatments.
Lesson 1: Treatment of hair scalp.
Lesson 2: Prepare client.
Lesson 3: Apply shampoo and/or conditioner on the client.
Lesson 4: Blow-dry hair.
Lesson 5: Perform post-service activities.

What I Need to Know
At the end of this module, you should be able to:

1. Treatment of hair and scalp (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ia-1)
1.1. Appreciate the benefits of scalp and hair treatment.
1.2. Analyze scalp and hair structure.
1.3. Distinguish diseases and disorders of scalp and hair.
1.4. Observe safety precautions and sanitation while at work.
1.5. Explain the different types of shampoo and conditioner.
2. Prepare client (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ib-2)

2.1 Assist client in accordance with salon procedures.
2.2 Provide appropriate clothing according to the desired type of service, and size
and built of the client.
2.3 Advise client to remove all jewelry and accessories.
3. Apply shampoo and/or conditioner on the client (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ib-3)

3.1 Shampoo and/or condition hair as required and following standard procedure.
3.2 Ensure client’s safety and comfort during the entire process.
4. Blow-dry hair (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ic-4)

4.1 Towel dry and comb hair according to service requirements.
4.2 Blow-dry hair according to service requirements and following standard
procedure.
4.3 Apply finishing product on blow-dried hair according to product specifications.
5. Perform post-service activities (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Id-5)

3.1 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to OHS requirements.
3.2 Segregate and dispose waste materials according to OHS requirements.
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:
• Take your time in reading the lessons carefully.
• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.
Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.
What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.
What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you
What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.
What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.
What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson
What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.
What I Know
(Pre-test)
Enumeration.
Directions: Read each item very well and choose the best answer. Write your
answers on your activity notebook. Can you still recall the steps in shampooing and combing
the hair? Write in your own words.
Steps in shampooing and conditioning the hair

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Steps in blow-drying the hair

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Lesson Treatment of hair and scalp
1
What I Need to Know
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Treatment of hair and scalp (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ia-1)

1.1. Appreciate the benefits of scalp and hair treatment.
1.2. Analyze scalp and hair structure.
1.3. Distinguish diseases and disorders of scalp and hair.
1.4. Observe safety precautions and sanitation while at work.
1.5. Explain the different types of shampoo and conditioner.
What’s New
According to Dr. Bindu Sthalekar, 2019— there are two (2) causes of hair
damage and these are the following: (1) External Treatments, and (2) Internal
Causes. Let us discuss about External treatments first. “Our hair is our crowning
glory”, this quote has been heard so many times, especially us women, we love to
take good care of our hair more than men. But there are other men in our society
who loves to treat theirs too! Let me throw this question to all walks of life: “are the
ways we are practicing over the years could really treat or damage our hair?”
1
What Is It
Chemicals in your Science subject was defined as a compound or substance

that has been purified or prepared, especially “artificially”. Chemical treatments such
us hair-rebonding process and other hair care treatments or using heating tools
promised us neater hair especially when we present ourselves in public gatherings
or maybe we just wanted to just because we see ourselves as beautiful if it is straight
or volume curls. But over-exposing of heat given to the hair will make them
vulnerable and damaged. Internal complication such as protein deficiency and
thyroid abnormalities result in limp, fragile and frizzy hair texture.
Ironing of hair at Miss A Iconic Salon

located at Velez Montalvan Street near
Security Bank in front of Brgy. 14 office. As
seen in the picture hair is super straight
and stiff.
We can observe these, in all over Cagayan

de Oro City Salons. Clients can choose or
will take the advice of hair care prof
weather straight, curls, dyed, long or short
hair. To realize their choice clients will
undergo chemical treatments for their hair.
Do you want to go for chemical-free hair? Professional tip says: stay away from
chemical treatments, blow drying or using any heat tools on your hair. But
sometimes, we can’t get rid of these right? Especially when we wanted to be part of
some social gatherings, we wanted to look good in our outfit and hair and make-up!
Dr. Bindu added: If you can’t stay from blow drying on your hair, here are the
following home remedies shared by professionals:
1. Use the hair dryer on cool mode.
2. Keep the dryer 6-8 inches away from hair.
3. Apply warm coconut oil for deep conditioning. It helps
restoring the moisture of your hair and scalp. It
Proper Blow-drying of hair
penetrates the hair shaft helping it to reduce breakage,
nourish from within and repair your hair’s health.
4. Leave it on for 30 minutes. Do this once a week.
5. Use hair masks. A hydrating hair mask using natural
2 Coconut oil as conditioner.

ingredients such as avocado, honey, yogurt will also help deep condition your hair.
Cream and honey can be used too. Honey is an excellent mask!
Example of hair treatments
Let us also discuss the clinical treatments for us to be able to understand their usage
that can be used in livelihood. In the hair clinic / salon. In the Philippine setting,
Treatments and procedures depend upon consultation. Doctors highly encourage the
patients to be examined by doctors for them to prescribe the proper treatments for
your hair concern.
1. Mesoporation- Hair care professionals make some

haircial to their clients, it’s like facial for your face. The
scalp is cleaned by a cleanser and there is deep poration
which is done. Biopeptides (Biologically active compound)
applied in you scalp to deeply penetrate. It is needless,
non-invasive treatment that increases follicular turnover time. Vitamins,
Healthy hair and scalp
amino acids and antioxidants re infused into the scalp to revive the hair.
2. Low Level Laser Therapy- given to the clients half an hour. That is L.E.D light that
which nourishes the roots.
3. Advanced PRP- Platelet Rich Plasma (P.R.P)
treatment is usually done to improve pattern hair loss
conditions.
The Platelet Rich Plasma method
3
What’s More
Activity 1: SCRAMBLE IT. Arrange the jumble words below according to its
description. Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
___________1. rhia ecra -- It is an overall term for hygiene and cosmetology involving
the hair which grows from the human scalp, and to a lesser extent haircial.
__________2. nocidtoiern – it is a form of moisturizing the hair to improve its
appearance and manageability.
__________3. nmoseopartio – if facial is for your face, this treatment if for the hair to
deep cleanse the scalp.
__________4. sedbiotipep – these are biologically active compounds that increases
follicular turnover time. It is needless, non-invasive treatment.
__________5. letetpla cirh plamas-- treatment is usually done to improve pattern
hair loss conditions.
Activity 2: Essay: Read each statement carefully and explain your answer in 2 to 3
sentences. You can use a separate sheet of paper if necessary.
1. What are the benefits of scalp and hair treatment?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. What causes them to occur?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. How do we make a damage control of our hair?

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
4
Adopted from: Janelle Cox, Education Expert, February 19, 2020
(https://www.thoughtco.com/essay-rubric-2081367)
5
What I Have Learned
Activity 3: Fill Me In. Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
__________1. What do you call an artificial substance that will make your hair
damaged?
__________2. Shampoos, conditioners, hair straightening and curling products, hair
dyes and henna are examples of what kind of treatment?
__________3. The most common factor of hair loss is a hereditary condition that
happens when aging, baldness, radiation therapy in the head, stress, and commonly
the hair treatments and hairstyles are called?
_________4. When you can’t get rid of blow drying your hair, what is the suggested
distance of your gadget to you?
_________5. If you treat your hair at home using home remedies, what is the
suggested time to soak your hair with these ingredients?
Activity 4: Explain to Me: Briefly discuss your answer below each item.
1. Discuss possible causes of hair damage. Provide some examples of you

experience either recent or previous.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
2. Compare and contrast home remedies and chemical treatment of your hair. How
should a learner like you respond to each method?
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
3. Find the most recent news story about someone who has beautiful hair and the
other is damaged. Explain its causes and effects of the methods being used.
_________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
6
What I Can Do
Activity 5: Make your own scalp and hair treatment.
For frizzy hair, dandruff, and dry scalp. Use coconut oil.
Why coconut oil? It is rich in Vitamin E and fatty Acid. It has Lauric Acid that protects
hair protein, which enables penetration to hair shaft. Moreover, its microbial
properties moisturizes the scalp which fights the irritancy of dandruff. So go ahead
and get your hands into this magical hair potion.
1. Split a coconut with a sharp cleaver. Use a mature, brown coconut, rather than a
young green one.
2. Scrape the meat of the coconut from the shell. Use a coconut scraper, sharp
paring knife, or a sturdy metal spoon. Removing the meat is tricky. A butter knife is
much better than a sharp paring knife. You can slide it in between the meat and the
shell and 'pop' pieces off, rather than slip, and cut your hand.
3. Add small amount of water to mix the shredded coconut.
4. Squeeze the coconut.
5. Filter the coconut and put the liquid in a clean container. Cover it for 24 hours.
6. You may see 3 levels in the container. Remove the first layer. Get the second
layer (that is the Virgin coconut oil) and filter it.
7. You can use it directly or you can mix it with other natural ingredients.
Note: Take pictures while doing the step by step process for evidence
purpose.
Send softcopies to our official FB page.
7
1.2 Analyze Scalp and Hair structure
What’s In
Before we will continue with the next lesson for this module, let us first review
the previous lesson we had. We learned that there are two causes of hair damage.
Cause # 1 is External Treatments and cause # 2 is Internal causes. Hair cosmetics
are an important tool that helps to increase patient's adhesion to alopecia and scalp
treatments. This article reviews the formulations and the mode of action of hair
cosmetics: Shampoos, conditioners, hair straightening products, hair dyes and
henna; regarding their prescription and safeties. The dermatologist's knowledge of
hair care products, their use, and their possible side effects can extend to an
understanding of cosmetic resources and help dermatologists to better treat hair and
scalp conditions according to the diversity of hair types and ethnicity.
What’s New
In this lesson we need to discuss and analyze scalp and hair structure.
Read Me Facts!
Hair & Scalp Facts
1. There are more 10,000 strands of hair on your head.

2. Hair is made up of protein and water. The water/moisture
content is responsible for suppleness of your hair.
3. Hair is dead and damage cannot be permanently
repaired. You can maintain and preserve your hair but once it
is damaged, it cannot be repaired.
4. Each hair follicle produces about 20 hairs in your lifetime.
5. The life cycle of a single strand of hair is about 2-3 years.
6. Hair grows and average of one-half inch per month.
7. Your scalp sheds about 50-100 strands of hair a day.
8. The scalp is where every strand of hair is grows from and keeping it healthy is
important for healthy hair.
9. There are three stages of hair growth, anagen (active growth phase), catagen
(transition phase) and telogen (resting phase).
8
What Is It
What is scalp? The scalp resembles the rest of the skin on your body
and has a blood vessels that carry nutrients to the hair follicle. The main difference is
the scalp has larger oil glands that produce sebum, the body’s natural moisturizing
oil. Healthy scalp equals healthy hair as long as you take care of them. The layers of
the scalp are…
Epidermis – the uppermost layer of the scalp which is made up of layers that include
dead skin cells, water, proteins and lipids.
Dermis – supports the skin (epidermis) through its protein structure. Hair grows from
hair follicles located in the dermis layer of the skin.
Subcutaneous – houses the scalps’ blood vessels and fatty tissue which deliver
nutrients
Let’s Talk Hair Anatomy

Hair is made up of two parts, the follicle and the
shaft. The following image shows the different
parts of the hair
Hair follicle – is just below the skins’ surface and
the hair shaft grows out of it (see image above).
The hair follicle contains sebaceous glands
which produces sebum, a natural conditioner
which moisturizes the hair. The hair follicle is
nourished from the blood stream via the dermal
papilla. Your hair is growing and connected to
blood vessels and nerves while in the follicle.
Once it passes the epidermis, it hardens and is
essentially dead.
Cuticle – is the top layer of the hair shaft and looks

9
like shingles on a roof. The cuticle protects the cortex and the medulla. If the cuticle
is damaged the rest of your hair will follow suit. Minimizing damage to the cuticle
layer of the hair is the best way to maintain your hair.
Cortex – is known as the heart the hair and determines the strength due to its protein
strands. It also determines the moisture content and color of the hair. It is made up
of spindle shaped cells and pigment granules (melanin). This is the layer affected by
processes such as hair color and chemical relaxers.
Medulla – is the innermost layer of the hair shaft and made up of mainly protein but
much isn’t know about it. However, products and styling seem to have no effect on
the medulla. It is not always present is the hair shaft and usually absent in those with
naturally blond or fine hair.
10
What’s More
Activity 6: Enumerate the layers of the scalp.
1. __________________________________________________.
2. __________________________________________________.
3. __________________________________________________.
Activity 2: Essay – Read each statement and provide answers based from the
lesson you have learned.
1. What is a scalp?
2. What are the layers of scalp and hair shaft? Explain each.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
3. Explain in your own words the advantage of having healthy scalp.
___________________________________________________________________
11
What I Have Learned
The scalp has larger oil glands that produce sebum, the body’s natural
moisturizing oil. Healthy scalp equals healthy hair as long as you take care of them.
The layers of the scalp are: Epidermis – the uppermost layer of the scalp which is
made up of layers that include dead skin cells, water, proteins and lipids. Dermis –
supports the skin (epidermis) through its protein structure. Hair grows from hair
follicles located in the dermis layer of the skin. Subcutaneous – houses the scalps’
blood vessels and fatty tissue which deliver nutrients. Hair is made up of two parts,
the follicle and the shaft. Hair follicle – is just below the skins’ surface and the hair
shaft grows out of it.
What I Can Do
From the lesson you have learned, you are now ready to make a scalp and
hair model. The aim of this activity is to further understand the concept and theories
of analyzing the scalp and hair structure and by that you can you make your own
ways to repair it. Use other short bond paper for this activity. Do not forget to label
your illustration.
12
1.3 Distinguish diseases and Disorder of Scalp and Hair
What’s In
Before we will continue with the next lesson for this module, let us first review the
previous lesson we had. We learned that the scalp has larger oil glands that produce sebum,
the body’s natural moisturizing oil. Healthy scalp equals healthy hair as long as you take
care of them. The layers of the scalp are: Epidermis – the uppermost layer of the scalp
which is made up of layers that include dead skin cells, water, proteins and lipids. Dermis –
supports the skin (epidermis) through its protein structure. Hair grows from hair follicles
located in the dermis layer of the skin. Subcutaneous – houses the scalps’ blood vessels
and fatty tissue which deliver nutrients. Hair is made up of two parts, the follicle and the
shaft. Hair follicle – is just below the skins’ surface and the hair shaft grows out of it.
What’s New
In this lesson we need to learn how to distinguish diseases and disorders of scalp
and hair in order to have an idea how to deal with ourselves and most importantly to our
clients.
Here are the common scalp diseases;
Dandruff.
Seborrheic Dermatitis.
Cradle Cap.
Head Lice.
Ringworm.
Folliculitis.
Psoriasis.
Lichen Planus.
Hair loss, or alopecia (from Greek alopex, “fox,” originally referring to manage in foxes), can
be associated with a wide variety of conditions, from genetic to automatic to autoimmune to
infectious to environmental. Common forms of hair loss include the following:
1. Androgenetic Alopecia (male or female pattern baldness)
2. Alopecia areata
3. Scarring (cicatrical) alopecia
4. Telogen effluvium
5. Anagen effluvium
6. Congenital hypotrichosis
7. Infection-related hair loss (eg, tinea capitis and folliculitis)
8. Physical hair damage or defect (eg, trichotillomania, loose anagen syndrome,
monilethrix, and overprocessing)
13
Androgenetic alopecia is by far the most common form of hair loss, followed by
telogen effluvium, alopecia areata, tinea capitis, scarring alopecia, and hair loss from over
processing.
What Is It
Androgenetic alopecia is a genetically determined disorder characterized by the

gradual conversion of terminal hairs into indeterminate and finally into vellus hairs. This
condition is known to affect both men and women but is generally considered to be more
common in males than in females (although it has been suggested that apparent differences
in incidence may reflect sex-related differences in expression)
In men, androgenetic alopecia typically presents as
gradual thinning in the temporal areas, which leads to
reshaping of the anterior part of the hairline; baldness
commonly progress in accordance with the Norwood-Hamilton
classification. In women, androgenetic alopecia usually
presents with diffuse thinning on the crown rather than an area
of marked baldness; progression is commonly measured
according to the Ludwig scale. Bitemporal recession does occur in women but usually to a
lesser degree than in men. The frontal hairline is often preserved in women with
androgenetic alopecia, whereas men note a gradual recession of the frontal hairline in the
process.
A finding of more than two or three telogen hairs on a hair
pull is diagnostic of telogen effluvium. Pregnancy causes a
physiologic telogen effluvium, this can be triggered by systemic
illness, high fever, surgery, psychological stress, crash dieting,
mediations, and endocrinopathies. If the history does not point yo a
clear trigger, the workup should include assessment of thyroid
function, a complete blood count (CBC), and measurement of
serum ferritin.
The hair mount in the slide demonstrates the bent matrix
and ruffled cuticle of loose anagen syndrome, which gives the
hairs a “rumpled sock” appearance. In loose anagen syndrome,
abnormal keratinization of the inner root sheath leads to poor
adherence of hairs within follicles. Hair ca be pulled from scalp
easily and painlessly on examination.
Keratosis pilaris and nail changes. Patients are consistent
with monilethrix (beaded hair; arrows) which is an autosomal
dominant hair-shaft abnormality that leads to increased hair-shaft
fragility. It is caused by mutations in the hair-cortex keratin genes
KRT86 and KRT81. Abnormal hairs are usually limited to the scalp,
but the condition can affect the eyebrows and eyelashes in some
cases. Patients commonly have associated follicular
hyperkeratosis (Keratosis pilaris) and may have leukonychia or
koilonychia.
Alopecia areate is an autoimmune disease in which
activated T cells target follicular melanocytes. White hairs are often
14
spared and regrowing hairs initially are white and gradually repigment.
A diagnosis of syphilitic alopecia should be considered in

cases of patchy hair loss with a “moth-eaten” appearance shown.
The number of new cases of syphilis has steadily increased since
2001 and alopecia can be the presenting symptom of this protean
infection.
The association with stress or other compulsive disorders

and the typical appearance of broken and twisted short hairs,
follicular hemorrhage and a spared peripheral fringe are
characteristic of trichotillomania.
Telogen effluvium is a form of nonscarring alopecia

characterized by diffuse hair shedding, often with an acute
onset. A chronic form with a more insidious onset and a longer
duration also exists. Telogen effluvium is a reactive process
caused by a metabolic or hormonal stress or by medications.
Generally, recovery is spontaneous and occurs within 6 months,
unless a background of pattern alop ecia is present.
Tinea capitis is a disease caused by superficial fungal

infection of the skin of the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelashes, with a
propensity for attacking hair shafts and follicles (see the image
below). The disease is considered to be a form of superficial
mycosis or dermatophytosis. Several synonyms are used, including
ringworm of the scalp and tinea tonsurans. In the United States
and other regions of the world, the incidence of tinea capitis is increasing.
Anagen hairs are in a growing phase, during which the

matrix cells of the hair follicle undergo vigorous mitotic activity.
These hairs have long, indented roots covered with intact inner
and outer root sheaths, and they are fully pigmented.
Scarring hair loss, also known as cicatricial alopecia, is the loss

of hair which is accompanied with scarring. This is in contrast to
non scarring hair loss. It can be caused by a diverse group of rare
disorders that destroy the hair follicle, replace it with scar tissue, and
cause permanent hair loss.
Congenital Hypotrichosis is a condition of no hair growth.
Unlike alopecia, which describes hair loss where formerly there was hair
growth, hypotrichosis describes a situation where there wasn't any hair
15
growth in the first place.
Treatments for scalp conditions

o Treatment for scalp conditions varies depending on the diagnosis.
o Prescription medications are available to help treat hair loss. Surgical implants of hair
transplants are also possible. In some cases, the underlying cause of hair loss can
be treated.
o Supplements or dietary changes can correct nutritional deficiencies.
o Medications can treat autoimmune disorders and hormone disorders.
o You can treat celiac disease by avoiding gluten in your diet.
o Medicated ointments and washes that kill fungi or certain insects can cure certain
infections, such as ringworm and lice.
o You can treat seborrheic eczema and cradle cap with medicated shampoos.
o Ito syndrome and scleroderma aren’t curable, but you can manage the symptoms
with medications.
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What’s More
Activity 7: Enumerate the following scalp and hair diseases and disorders.
Explain its diseases. Give atleast 5.
1. __________________________________________________.
2. __________________________________________________.
3. __________________________________________________.
4. __________________________________________________.
5. __________________________________________________.
1. What causes scalp and hair diseases and disorders? Cite atleast 3 causes.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. Explain this line “our hair is our crowning glory”.
________________________________________________________________
17
18
What I Have Learned
Hair loss is a symptom, not a diagnosis. The pathogenesis of the alopecias involves
a range of genetic, endocrine, immune, and inflammatory processes, each of which calls for
its own form of treatment.
Hair is of both physiological and psychological importance. It protects against the
sun’s ultraviolet rays and serves a biological signaling function. In the Western world at least,
long and full women’s hair is considered beautiful and a sign of youth, while thick pigmented
men’s hair signifies youth and vitality. It is thus hardly surprising that people with excessive
hair loss often seek medical help.
Hair growth cycle
Each of the ca. 100 000 hairs on the head independently goes through a growth
cycle consisting of three phases: anagen (3–6 years), catagen (1–2 weeks), and telogen (2–
4 months).
What I Can Do
Activity 8: Get to know Me:
1. a 34-year-old woman presents with a history of sudden-onset-defuse hair

shredding. She gave birth to her first child 4 months ago after an uncomplicated
pregnancy. A hair pull demonstrates hairs that predominantly have the morphology .
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Loose anagen syndrome
B. Androgenetic alopecia
C. Anagen effluvium
D. Telogen effluvium
2. Which of the following diagnoses is most consistent with the

morphology shown in the image?
A. Anagen effluvium
B. Loose anagen syndrome
C. Pili triagulati
D. Normal hair
3. A 6-month-old female presents to the clinic with her mother and a history of hair
that has been belittle since birth. Evaluation of a hair clipping on light microscopy
reveals the morphology shown in the image. Which of the following findings is often
associated with this condition?
A. Cardiomyopathy and Keratoderma (Naxos disease)
B. Exfoliative erythroderma and atopy
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C. Keratosis pilaris and nail changes
D. Sensorineural hearing loss
4. A 67-year-old postmenopausal woman with salt-pepper hair presents with a history of

recent loss of all her pigmented hair. She has noticed that her whte hairs are unaffected.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A. Telogen effluvium
B. Vitiligo
C. Alopecea areata
D. Normal aging
5. A 43-year-old atopic woman presents with a several-year history of patchy hair loss
followed by spontaneous regrowth in her scalp associated with pitting in her nails. Recently,
she has been under significant stress, and she has developed many new patches all over
her scalp. Which of the following would be an appropriate initial treatment for this patient?
A. Tropical hydrocortisone cream
B. Hydroxychloroquine
C. Intramuscular triamcinolone 40 mg
D. Intralesional triamcinolone injections.
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1.4 Observe safety precautions and sanitation
What’s In
previous lesson we had. We learned that hair loss is a symptom, not a diagnosis. The
pathogenesis of the alopecias involves a range of genetic, endocrine, immune, and
inflammatory processes, each of which calls for its own form of treatment.
Hair is of both physiological and psychological importance. It protects against the
sun’s ultraviolet rays and serves a biological signaling function. In the Western world at least,
long and full women’s hair is considered beautiful and a sign of youth, while thick pigmented
men’s hair signifies youth and vitality. It is thus hardly surprising that people with excessive
hair loss often seek medical help.
Hair growth cycle
Each of the ca. 100 000 hairs on the head independently goes through a growth
cycle consisting of three phases: anagen (3–6 years), catagen (1–2 weeks), and telogen (2–
4 months).
What’s New
In this lesson we need to learn how to maintain safety and follow public health
standards are the new normal we should follow. Preparing our learners to engage in
livelihood means to us teachers, that is why in this lesson we provide some helpful methods
on your future endeavor. Beauty salons must also clean and disinfect scissors, combs,
brushes, hair rollers, electric razors, tweezers and nail clippers with detergents or
disinfectants between customers. Disinfecting solutions must be emptied and refilled on a
weekly basis to prevent the growth of bacteria.
Sanitation
Effective sanitation procedures for common areas and frequently used materials are
in place to reduce the likelihood of communicable diseases. Most require salons to maintain
a certain level of cleanliness, so customers and employees don't have to worry about health
concerns. For example, according to the Arkansas Board of Cosmetology, chair headrests
must be covered with a clean towel or paper sheet for each customer, and shampoo bowls
must be cleaned with detergent or soap and water after each shampoo. Cloth towels must
be kept in a container with a lid, similar to a hamper, after each use and laundered with
detergent and bleach before reuse. Clean towels must be stored in dust-free cabinets.
Instruments and Supplies
Salon owners and hairdressers must take extra precautions with bottles, tubes and
jars that contain beauty products. Each container must be properly labeled so chemicals and
other ingredients aren't improperly mixed or stored. For example, some hair color mixtures
have a short life span, so they must be discarded immediately after use. All supplies that
come in direct contact with customers be discarded after use if they can't be properly
disinfected. These include tissues, cotton balls, sanitary paper neck strips and emery boards.
Beauty salons must also clean and disinfect scissors, combs, brushes, hair rollers, electric
razors, tweezers and nail clippers with detergents or disinfectants between customers.
21
Disinfecting solutions must be emptied and refilled on a weekly basis to prevent the growth
of bacteria.
Cosmetics
Employees are required to store cosmetics, such as liquid cleaners and makeup, in
sealed, clearly labeled containers. When a customer or employee uses a cosmetic product,
it must be dispensed using a disposable product, such as a tissue, cotton ball or cotton swab,
without contaminating the remainder of the product.
Chemicals
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration has strict rules concerning the
use of formaldehyde in hair salons. The air quality in salons using formaldehyde products
must be tested to make sure there is no more than .75 parts formaldehyde per million parts
of air for an eight-hour work shift. Salon owners must provide gloves, chemical-resistant
aprons and protective eyewear for workers exposed to formaldehyde and other harsh
chemicals. Owners must also train workers about the health effects of formaldehyde and
how to clean up after chemical spills.
What Is It
This is the most basic, obvious method to fight disease, but employees need to wash
their hands more than ever before. Touch something? Wash your hands. Interact with a
customer? Wash your hands.
Hand washing is a process. You should wet your hands, lather them and then scrub
for a minimum of 20 seconds before rinsing and drying. It’s also important to be wary of hot-
air hand dryers. Paper towels are the most hygienic way to dry hands and prevent the
spread of disease, and hot-air hand dryers have a tendency to spread bacteria and other
germs.
22
23
Here are some very basic notes and illustrations on possible injuries you might come across
in the salon and how you should deal with them
24
What’s More
Activity 9: Read each statement carefully. Choose your answers inside the
box and write your answer on the space provided. Use another paper for this activity.
labeled dust-free detergent
clean towel Hand washing
1. Chair headrests must be covered with a _________ or paper sheet for each customer.
2. Shampoo bowls must be cleaned with _________ or soap and water after each shampoo.
3. Each container must be properly ____________ so chemicals and other ingredients aren't
improperly mixed or stored.
4. Clean towels must be stored in _________ cabinets.
5. _____________ is the action or process of using water and soap.
1. how important it is to observe safety measures and sanitation while at work?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. cite an example that you could connect to your home about safety precautions.
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
25
What I Have Learned
Safety precautions must be strictly adhered to because if they are not, some
employees can put all other employees at risk. Work place accidents translate into days
missed for work, reduced productivity, and lost profits. Employees should feel safe at work
and protected from hazardous materials and dangerous machines.
What I Can Do
Activity 11: Sketch Me Up:
1. Sketch a map of your dream salon. Make sure that it is well properly
ventilated and make it more presentable.
2. using empty bottles. Label each chemical that are found in your household.
Make sure that it is legible to avoid accidents. (examples: zonrox, gas, detergent,
fabric conditioner, shampoo etc.)
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1.5 Explain the different types of shampoo and conditioner
What’s In
previous lesson we had. We learned that safety precautions must be strictly adhered to
because if they are not, some employees can put all other employees at risk. Work place
accidents translate into days missed for work, reduced productivity, and lost profits.
Employees should feel safe at work and protected from hazardous materials and dangerous
machines.
What’s New
In this lesson we need to learn the different types of shampoo and conditioner.
Shampoo must aim the scalp more than a hair. The entire scalp has to be rubbed with the
shampoo from the front to the back, and small amounts of shampoo have to be applied on
each region of the head under the hair. All shampoos contain two things: a cleanser and a
conditioner, says Cary O'Brien, owner of Cary O'Brien's Design and Color Spa in St. Charles,
Mo. (Even shampoos that aren't billed as combination shampoo-conditioners have some
kind of conditioner in them.) Shampoos are typically composed of 10–30 ingredients
although products with as few as four ingredients are available.
27
What Is It
1. Shampoos for Oily or Dry Hair

Oily hair is due to an overactive oil-making gland, says Vaughn Acord, owner of mizu salon,
with locations in New York and Boston. "You want a shampoo that removes the oils and
hydrates both the hair and scalp," he says.
Dry hair, on the other hand, usually results from damage to the hair itself. "The central part
of the hair shaft is where we find all the proteins that give hair its strength,” says
dermatologist Michelle Hanjani Galant, MD, of Columbia University Medical Center.
"Surrounding the hair shaft is something called the cuticle, made up of flattened cells
like shingles on a roof. If their edges aren't lined up perfectly, then hair is dull, brittle, and has
no shine," says Hanjani Galant, who specializes in hair and hair disorders.
2. Straightening and Smoothing Shampoos
Shampoos that claim that they'll straighten or smooth your hair generally have a coating
ingredient in them.
"It's usually silicones [or] oils," Acord says. "They will aid in coating the hair, and allowing hot
tools to straighten and/or smooth it out."
3. Volumizing Shampoos
What about the shampoos that claim to give your hair more volume? Most of them are
formulated to open the hair's cuticle, making it thicker, Acord says. "But that, too, can
damage the hair, and it will also remove color as well as reversing perms and relaxers."
No shampoo is going to make hair lighter and fluffier, O'Brien says. "Your best bet for more
volume is a shampoo that has a nice, lightweight conditioning agent that rinses off really
well."
4. Clarifying Shampoos
"Clarifying" sounds clean and clear -- but they can be rough on your hair, O'Brien says.
"Very few people will really need a clarifying shampoo," he says. They're generally used
because someone has some kind of condition or is going to get a chemical treatment, and
they really need to cleanse the hair. They rough up the hair's cuticle, for example, so the
perm or color might take better. But some of them can be extremely harsh."
You should definitely avoid clarifying shampoos after getting your hair colored. "Even the
mildest clarifying shampoos will unwind that color really fast," O'Brien says.
5. Shampoos for Color-Treated Hair
These shampoos are made to help make your color last. Acord recommends checking on
the shampoo's "ph" level, which is a measure of how acidic or alkaline the product is. He
suggests looking for a ph between 4.5-5.5 to help prevent fading. If the ph level isn't shown
on the shampoo bottle, try searching the product's name and "ph level" online.
Good shampoos for color-treated hair may also use an ingredient like an oil, sea kelp, or
algae to help color stay in your hair, O'Brien adds.
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6. Dry Shampoos
Want to refresh your hair without a full shower and blow-dry? Try a dry shampoo.
"They can really be a lifesaver and break that every day shampoo habit," O'Brien says.
"Pump a burst [of dry shampoo] down your hairline, in the part, and at the crown, and take
your blow dryer and brush and fluff it up, and you're probably out the door in five minutes."
7. The Buildup Myth
Whatever shampoo you use, you don't need to switch periodically in order to prevent
"buildup." That's a myth, Acord and O'Brien say.
"The products are so good now that you aren't going to get a product buildup unless you're a
crazy hairspray person, which is not how hair has been styled for the last 15-20 years,"
O'Brien says.
The best way to pick the right shampoo for you: Ask a stylist. "A runner shouldn't pick the
right shoes based on what color they are," O'Brien says. "They should go to a running
specialty store and get fitted for the best shoe. It's the same with shampoo. Don't pick your
shampoo based on what your friend likes or because you like the fragrance. Get a
recommendation from a stylist that knows your hair."
The conditioner has to be completely rinsed out. Application of hair conditioners
after shampoo will lower inter fiber friction and reduce combing forces. If the hair is curly,
leave-on products may be used during wet combing. The use of leave-on products on
straight virgin hair may cause an oily look and dull the hair. Gentle hair is dealing actions
(gentle shampooing, gentle towel drying, gentle brushing or combing) is recommended.
Many products may be used to lubricate and seal cuticle cells, such as silicones
(dimethicone and aminoterminal silicones) and vegetable oils.
Conditioners are used to decrease friction, detangle the hair, minimize frizz and
improve combability. Conditioners act by neutralizing the electrical negative charge of the
hair fiber by adding positive charges and by lubricating the cuticle that reduces fiber
hydrophilicity. They contain anti-static and lubricating substances that are divided into 5
main groups: Polymers, oils, waxes, hydrolyzed aminoacids and cationic molecules. The
most active and used conditioner agent is a silicone.
Functions of the conditioners are:
o Improve combability
o Mimetize the hair natural lipid outer layer: 18-MEA
o Restore hydrophobicity
o Seal the cuticle
o Avoid or minimize frizz, friction: Neutralize the negative charged net
o Enhance shine, smoothness and manageability.
Three types of conditioners

1. Rinse-Out Conditioner
This kind of conditioner is probably the one you’re most familiar with, and it is extremely
simple to use. Just work it into your hair, wait a minute or two, and rinse it away completely.
Rinse-out conditioners are designed to treat the outside surface of the hair cuticle,
smoothing and protecting from damage from heat appliances. You can use them every day
after you shampoo. Most types of hair, from dry to normal to oily, benefit from using this kind
of product.
2. Leave-In Conditioner
29
This type of conditioner is very thin, light-weight, and not viscous. It will moisturize and
protect your hair quickly and easily. It contains surfactants, which allow the product to
spread out and treat each hair with a thin coat of conditioner. Like any other styling product,
you spray it on to your hair after your shower. You will especially love it if you are prone to
tangles, as it is an effective de-tangler. If you have thinner, curly or oily hair, leave-in
conditioners will probably work well for you. Give them a try!
3. Deep Conditioner
This category of product, not surprisingly, is designed to condition your hair on a deep level.
Deep conditioners are best for damaged and dry hair. These products contain
oils, emulsifiers and waxes to repair damage and treat dryness. If your hair is normal to oily,
deep conditioners may not be the best products for you, as they can weigh down your hair
and make it look even oilier.
Usually, you use a deep conditioning product by applying it to your hair and leaving it in for
about half an hour. Next, rinse it away thoroughly. This repairs damage to your hair shafts,
but the effect doesn’t last forever. It’s best to use deep conditioners once every week or
month, depending on your hair type. It’s also good to deep condition two or three days prior
to coloring your hair.
Deep conditioning your hair is time-consuming, but it’s the most effective way to improve
your hair if it is dry or damaged. It really can make a difference.
What’s More
Activity 13: Read the sentences carefully. Choose the letter of the correct
answer. Write the letter in the space provided before the number.
____1. What ingredient found in shampoo and conditioner that helps straightening and
smoothing your hair?
A. silicone C. Ions
B. essential oils D. amino acid
___2. If you wanted to refresh your hair without full shower and blow dry, what shampoo will
you use?
A. Shampoo for color treated hair. C. Dry Shampoos
B. Clarifying Shampoos D. Volumizing Shampoos
___3. One active ingredient of shampoo that has a deep cleansing characteristic is called?
A. Cationic C. Amphotheric
B. Nonionic D. Anionic
___4. We know that salon accepts clients from all walks of life, If you have a client who is a
child that wanted to just shampoo and blow dry her hair just like her mom, what shampoo
you are going to use that do not harm your client’s eyes.
___5. Shampoo has surfactants or active ingredients, except one.
A. shampoo deep cleanses the hair. C. shampoo has cationic that makes hair soft.
B. shampoo has mild cleansing ingredient. D. shampoo has sodium sulfate that do not
irritate the eyes.
30
Activity 12: Essay –provide answers based from the lesson you have learned.
Define shampoo and conditioner. Compare and contrats their usage.
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
31
What I Have Learned
You have learned that shampoos and conditioners are the special liquid that is used
for cleaning your hair. Shampoos are typically composed of 10–30 ingredients although
products with as few as four ingredients are available. The common surfactants are: Anionic
that deep cleanses the hair. Cationic that softens and mild cleanse the hair. Nanionic has
mild cleansing characteristics too but has some considerations about the ecosystem and the
last is Amphotheric that do not irritate the eyes and has moderate cleansing.
Conditioners are important too if you wanna make your hair good too! Functions of
the conditioners are:
o Improve combability
o Mimetize the hair natural lipid outer layer: 18-MEA
o Restore hydrophobicity
o Seal the cuticle
o Avoid or minimize frizz, friction: Neutralize the negative charged net
o Enhance shine, smoothness and manageability.
Three types of conditioners

1. Rinse-Out Conditioner
Just work it into your hair, wait a minute or two, and rinse it away completely..
2. Leave-In Conditioner
You spray it on to your hair after your shower. If you have thinner, curly or oily hair, leave-in
conditioners will probably work well for you.
3. Deep Conditioner
A deep conditioning product is by applying it to your hair and leaving it in for about half an
hour. Next, rinse it away thoroughly. It’s best to use deep conditioners once every week or
month, depending on your hair type. It’s also good to deep condition two or three days prior
to coloring your hair.
32
Lesson Prepare Client
2
What I Need to Know

2.1 Assist client in accordance with salon procedures
size and built of the client
2.3 Advise client to remove all jewelry and accessories.
What’s New
This lesson aims to provide advice to clients on each stage of the

service as it is applied requires the communication of ideas and information.
Selecting and applying products sequentially to meet desired outcomes require
activities to be planned and organized. Preparing clients for other operators to apply
services requires teamwork. Providing safe and comfortable services to clients of
varying physical builds and abilities may require the application of problem solving
skills.
33
What Is It
Critical aspects required to demonstrate competency. Ability to consistently use

effective questioning and active listening techniques to confirm service with the client
and/or senior operators. Ability to consistently use effective questioning and active
listening techniques to negotiate appropriately with clients, to take into account any
cultural or physical requirements, and to ensure client comfort and safety throughout
the services required.
34
What’s More
Activity 1: Enumerate the ways in assisting the client?
4. __________________________________________________.
5. __________________________________________________.
6. __________________________________________________.
4. ___________________________________________________.
5. ___________________________________________________.
4. How will you apply the proper ways in assisting your client on your current
situation?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
5. Explain in your own words the advantage of knowing the salon procedures in
assisting clients.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
35
36
What I Have Learned
Knowledge and consistent application of workplace policies, procedures and safe

work practices in regard to gowning client performing shampoo services, including hair and
scalp treatments.
Activity 3: Circle the answer that best describes how you would act in these situations:
1. A cashier mistakes your 500 peso bill for a 1,000 peso bill and gives you an extra 500
pesos in change. Do you return the extra 500?
A. No. It’s not my mistake!
B. Only if the cashier has been really nice to me.
C Yes. It’s not my money.
2. You dent a car in a parking lot and no one sees you. What do you do?
A. Take off quickly before you are spotted.
B. Consider leaving a note, but think better of it after deciding there was only a small
amount of damage to the other car.
C. Leave a note on the car’s windshield providing pertinent information: name, phone
number, insurance company.
3. Your best friend needs shampoo, conditioner, and pomade. Neither of you have the
money to buy the products until the following week.
A. You take the products without paying for them.
B. You approach the owner/manager, and arrange to pay for the products the
following week.
C. You ask your boyfriend/girlfriend to wait until next week.
4. You have shoplifted small items at stores over the past three years.
A. Constantly
B. A few times
C. Never
5. You feel justified taking small things from the workplace. In many instances, you feel it is
an “earned benefit” rather than stealing.
A. Always
B. Sometimes
C. Never
6. Your client tells you that she has been having hard times. She asks if you can cut her hair
at home for less money.
A. You agree to cut her hair at home.
B. You advise your manager of the situation, and ask for a temporary discount.
C. You suggest haircuts that will extend her time between salon services.
7. It is a glorious summer day and your friends have invited you to go sailing. Unfortunately,
it is also a workday. What do you do?
A. You call in sick.
B. You ask for the day off. If this is not possible, you go to work, but feel cheated.
C. You go to work.
8. You have no money for lunch and are tempted to take another stylist’s tips that are kept in
plain view on his station.
A. You take the money because you helped this stylist in the past and he didn’t share
his tip money. He owes you.
B. You are tempted, but think better of it for fear of getting caught.
C. You decide to eat later after you have received a tip.
9. A friend and former stylist has left your salon. She calls because she needs some
shampoo that only your salon carries. What do you do?
A. Steal the product because she is your friend.
B. Buy the product for her at your employee’s discount.
C. Ask her to come to the salon and buy it herself.
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10. You consider yourself to be an honest person.
A. Some of the time
B. Most of the time
C. Always
What I Can Do
Make Sure Clients Have a Positive Experience

Probably the most important thing you can do to build client retention is to ensure that every
person who sits in your chair has a good experience. In addition to giving them an amazing
haircut, some other customer service practices that boost client experience include:
 Be professional
 Be friendly and respectful
 Communicate clearly every step of the way — check in throughout the appointment
and let the client know what you’re doing and why
 Immediately greet clients as soon as they enter the salon
 Advise clients on promotions and products
 Let clients know what to expect from their bill
 Schedule client’s next appointment
It’s also important to know what clients don’t want out of a salon experience. Some things
that tend to be turn-offs include:
 Poor Hygiene (e.g., bad breath, smelling like smoke)

 Stylists talking too much about themselves or gossiping with other stylists
 Sloppy work or being too rough
 Bad attitude
 Dirty station or tools
 Having to wait too long
38
size and built of the client
What’s In
Before we will continue with the next lesson for this module, let us first review
the previous lesson we had. We learned that when we talk health and safety in the
salon, we are talking about the safety and well-being of clients as well as yourself
and other work colleagues. It’s about creating a healthy and safe working
environment for all. Knowledge and consistent application of workplace policies,
procedures and safe work practices in regard to gowning client performing shampoo
services, including hair and scalp treatments. Knowledge and consistent application
of local health hygiene legislation and regulations applicable to the workplace.
Knowledge and skill in the application of scalp massage movements, including
effleurage and petrissage.
What’s New
In this lesson we need to discuss the appropriate clothing according to the

desired type of service and size, and built of the client. What is a client: well, client
may include: women, men, children and people from a range of social, cultural or
ethnic backgrounds and with a range of physical and mental abilities. Client varies
from their preferred service, size and built. That is why we will equip you about
client’s comfort and safety, operator safety and health and hygiene.
39
What Is It
Do You Know All the Different Kinds of Hair Salon Capes? Posted on July 22,
2019 by Susan Peters
Are you looking for new hair cutting capes for your hair salon? Hair salon capes
come in a whole range of shapes, sizes, material types, and styles. With so much choice
available, it can be challenging to decide which cutting capes are best for your business.
Hair Salon Capes
One important product you need to consider is the hair salon capes. You need to
make sure your hairdressing capes are fit for purpose, comfortable, easy to use, and
hygienic. Some capes offer water-resistant jackets or cover-ups which are ideal for
shampooing and styling. Other capes offer chemically resistant material, which is ideal for
coloring. Other cape options include children’s capes, stain resistant capes, and all-purpose
cutting capes. Other things you need to consider when choosing the right hair salon cape is
the material, how much it weighs, and how it is fastened.
Different Types of Hairdressing Capes
To give you a better understanding of the different haircut capes available, we have provided
a comparison of 4 hairdressing capes. There are other types of capes, but these are the
most practical ones.
1. Nylon Cape With Snap Closure – 50″ X 60″ Black
This hairdressing cape is very durable and offers your customers with a professional looking
cape that protects them and keeps them clean. It has an adjustable snap closure, which can
fit around the collar and can be fastened at 12 inches up to 23 inches.
This cape is also lightweight, stain proof, waterproof, and features thinly hemmed edges.
The material is nylon, which means that it can be easily wiped clean after use and reused.
One disadvantage of this salon cape is that it can’t stand hair coloring, so this one can only
be used for washing, cutting, and styling hair. It cannot be used for hair coloring, as it will
stain.
2. Hair Cut Hairdressing Hairdressers Barbers Cape Gown
Featuring a handy adjustable Velcro neck closure, which fits varying neck sizes, this cape is
great for cutting hair and coloring hair. This cape is durable and lightweight, which is great
for customers and hair salons.
The cutting cape is great for people who are taller and larger, as it is big and spacious. The
cape measures about 150cm by 125cm while it is held flat. The material is nylon, which
makes it easy to wipe down and use again.
One disadvantage of the Sodial cape is that the Velcro neck closure is quite wide, so it isn’t
great for people with smaller neck dimensions. The Velcro is also not very durable, which
might mean that you need to replace it.
3. Professional Nylon Hair Styling Salon Cape With Snaps
This reusable nylon haircut cape is great for professional salons who want to ensure the
customer has a featherweight protection cape. The adjustable snap closure can fit various
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neck sizes and has a round collar. The high-quality nylon fabric is smooth, which ensures an
easy and quick clean.
One disadvantage of the Icarus salon cape is that the front is longer than the back, which
means that the back is not as well protected. This might make the customers back get wet
during washing.
4. Hair Styling Hair Cutting Cape
The World Pride Salon cape features an adjustable Velcro neck closure and ties which are
great for various neck sizes. It also has a round collar which is easy to position on customers
and easy to take off.
The lightweight, water-resistant nylon material is great for cleaning and reusing. This cape is
very large, which is great for covering the entire body of your customers and shielding their
body during the cutting and styling.
One disadvantage is that the cape is paper thin and quite flimsy, which means you need to
be extra cautious when cutting near it.
What’s More
Activity 3: Enumerate the types of hairdressing cape.
1.___________________________________.
2. __________________________________.
3. __________________________________.
4. __________________________________.
1. How important it is to know provide appropriate clothing to the clients?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
2. Cite an example or situation about your experience when you had your haircut or hair
treats, what have you observe on your cape?
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________.
41
42
What I Have Learned
One important product you need to consider is the hair salon capes. You need to
make sure your hairdressing capes are fit for purpose, comfortable, easy to use, and
hygienic. Some capes offer water-resistant jackets or cover-ups which are ideal for
shampooing and styling. Other capes offer chemically resistant material, which is ideal for
coloring. Other cape options include children’s capes, stain resistant capes, and all-purpose
cutting capes. Other things you need to consider when choosing the right hair salon cape is
the material, how much it weighs, and how it is fastened.
What I Can Do
Activity 22: Sketch Me Up:

Sketch your desired haircut cape.
DIY Reusable Barber Cape for Hair Cutting and Styling you can visit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aD4sxUfI2uI for tutorials.
43
2.3 Advice client to remove all jewelry and accessories
What Is It
Electricity can travel to any metal on the body which is the reason why a grounding
pad is used during surgery. However, to prevent the patient from receiving a “possible” burn
from the current that comes from the electrocautery unit, it is good practice and safe practice
to have jewelry removed before engaging to hair treatments in salon.
Jewelry helps in enhancing one’s beauty. It also symbolizes wealth, power, and
status. For some, jewelry is a form of art for self and creative expression. Then, there are
some people who use jewelry as part of their tradition and culture. Though they may differ in
terms of importance and relevance, they all play significant roles.
In preparing the client and securing their safety, it is best advice to remove all jewelry
so that it wont go along with the clothing and electrical circuits, because electricity flows
easily. Materials that allow electricity to flow through them are called conductors.
What’s More
Activity 5: ESSAY Read the questions carefully. Using your activity notebook, write
your answers on the space provided.
1. Why should clients remove their jewelries before hair treatments?
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
2. If there is an accident and a client is hurt and it can be proven that the accident was
caused by an employee being negligent – then the client can take both the employee and
the salon owner to court and ask for money as ‘damages’. Can you think of some things
which an employee might do which could be considered as negligent?
_________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.
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What I Have Learned
In preparing the client and securing their safety, it is best advice to remove all jewelry
so that it won’t go along with the clothing and electrical circuits, because electricity flows
easily. Materials that allow electricity to flow through them are called conductors.
What I Can Do
Activity 6: Sketch Me Up
Draw examples of insulators and conductors. Label your illustration. Use your
activity notebook.
45
Shampoo and/or condition hair is
required and following standard
Lesson procedure
3
What I Need to Know
3. Apply shampoo and/or conditioner on the client (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-b-3)

3.1 Shampoo and/or condition hair as required and following standard
procedure.
3.2 Ensure client’s safety and comfort during the entire process.
What Is It
Tip #1: After you get your client into the bowl you
wanna make sure that the temperature is comfortable
for them. You can test the water temperature with your
hands first before applying to their head. Ask your client
if, the temperature is comfortable for them.
Ti#2: the shampoo. Get your hand a shampoo and
emulsify in your hands first before applying it to their
head. Evenly apply the shampoo on the tops, sides, and
then underneath. You are giving a shampoo massage
you wanna be really firm with your hands not too rough
with their head but just firm in your hands. All ten of your
fingers are doing little circles on their head. This feel
really good to the client.
While shampooing colored hair, check the color you just
46
gonna smoosh the shampoo out of the way and see that your color is looking beautiful.
When you gotta rinse you want to rinse all of the shampoo off your hands first. This method
will keep the shampoo to fly into the client’s face.
Tip #3: Rinsing. Keep the nuzzle directed down and
towards you, you wanna make sure you don’t get any
water in the client’s ears. Now if going underneath, go
underneath the head and scoop the water out so that it
prevents from running down at back of her neck. Once
you see thyat you’ve rinse all the shampoo from your
clients hair, you wanna go in with some conditioner.
Tip #4: Conditioning. Once again gently emulsify it on
your palms first and start at the ends of the hair and
then work and work your way up, running your fingers
through if it’s possible. Some clients have really tangle
hair, that’s why running the conditioner through your
fingers feels really nice. Take your time during the
conditioning process and do not rush. Give your client a
nice massage. Picture your fingers circling again. Lift
client’s head a little bit and massage underneath, this
feels so good for them.
Tip #5: Final Rinse and towel dry. Just give a little extra
minute to wash really well off the shampoo. Then once
you feel you have really washed them completely, you
are going to ring out their hair really well. Gather their
hair and grab the towel while their head is on the bowl
and lightly pat and let dry. (blow dry is optional)
What’s More
Activity 1: Answer the following. Enumerate the steps in shampooing and conditioning.
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Activity 2: Essay – how will you improve the steps in shampooing and conditioning the hair?
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
47
What I Have Learned
When establishing relationships with your clients, it is important that they feel
comfortable prior to receiving a treatment. In order to make a lasting impression, there are
many things to take into account that will benefit, or hinder, the client’s overall experience.
The client’s comfort level may be the determining factor in whether or not they return to your
spa to receive another treatment. From spa cleanliness to listening and achieving the client’s
wants and needs.
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What I Can Do
Activity 3: From the lesson you’ve learned today about the steps in
shampooing and conditioning your client’s hair. Try those steps at home. Observe
proper precautions while doing the activity at home.
 Make a Narrative of your work
 Send your video tutorial in our Official Facebook Group via messenger.
49
Blow-dry Hair
Lesson
4
What I Need to Know

4. Blow-dry hair (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Ic-4)
4.1 Towel dry and comb hair according to service requirements.
4.2 Blow-dry hair according to service requirements and following standard
procedure.
4.3 Apply finishing product on blow-dried hair according to product
specifications.
What’s New
Activity 1: Find and encircle the words in the cross-word puzzle.
b l o w d r y t d h
r s r j o u r b r d
u w u h j b o p y y
s f o w b b g g i j
h g b i o i w c n l
i t h j q n p o g b
n c v q p g c n p r
g g t o w e l e o t
50
1. Blow dry- dry and style (hair) with a handheld dryer.
2. brushing- A hairbrush is a handle brush with rigid or soft spokes used in hair care for
smoothing, styling, and detangling human hair
3. towel- a piece of thick absorbent cloth or paper used for drying oneself or wiping things
dry.
4. rubbing- move one's hand or a cloth repeatedly back and forth on the surface of
(something) with firm pressure.
5. drying- free from moisture or liquid; not wet or moist.
What Is It
Drying the Correct and Safe Way

It's now time to learn how to dry your hair the right way! Doing so will keep your hair safe
from damage and healthy! Here's what you need to know.
 Remove Excess Water by Hand

Before you begin to dry your hair using the right-sized towel, be sure to remove excess
water by hand. To do this, you'll want to gently squeeze your hair. Be sure not to twist it
tightly and squeeze it too rough. You can also consider hand combing through your hair to
remove the extra water. Hand combing is less damaging than a brush, but this step also
depends on the type of hair you have. If you can comb your hair by hand, do your best to
separate your hair into sections before doing so. Comb through it slowly and avoid pulling at
your hair.
 Condition the Hair

Before putting your hair in a towel to towel dry, be sure to condition the hair. Use a leave-in
conditioner that'll help keep your hair healthy while it dries. You can complete this step while
hand combing through your hair. As you use your hands to comb your hair, you can apply
the conditioner through and through. This will also help you comb through your hair with
ease.
 Use Your Turbie Twist Towel

The final step is to use your Turbie Twist towel to dry your hair. The Turbie Twist towel is
made to fit your head perfectly. It's not too big, which means it won't pull at or damage your
hair. The Turbie Twist also fits just snugly enough to hold your hair up to dry while doing
other tasks. You won't have to worry about your towel falling off your head while you're doing
laundry, getting dressed, or anything else. There's an elastic loop to help keep it secure,
and it's made to be lightweight to not damage your hair or hurt your neck! When purchasing
your Turbie Twist, you can also choose between microfiber and cotton. There are plenty of
colors to choose from, so there's something for everyone!
 Towel Dry Hair the Right Way

When it's time to towel dry hair, make sure you follow these tips and steps listed above. In a
perfect world, we'd be able to dry our hair however we'd like without damaging it.
Unfortunately, we have to spend a bit of time taking the proper precautions to ensure our
hair remains healthy and undamaged.
51
Towel drying your hair with a regular towel can cause your hair to experience major
frizzing and even splitting. When your hair is wet, it's in its most fragile state. It's essential
that you treat it delicately while drying it for this very reason. Here's what you need to know
about the dangers of drying your hair the wrong way.
 Large Towels
Using a large towel to dry your hair can result in damage due to the weight that it places on
your hair. As the cotton absorbs the water in your hair, it'll become even heavier than the
large towel already is. The weight of the large towel can cause your hair to break.
If you have a habit of drying your body off with your body towel and then wrapping it around
your head to dry your hair, then it's time to make some changes. A smaller towel that doesn't
pull on your hair is a much better option.
 Rubbing Hair Dry

Rubbing your hair dry is another way to ruin your hair. Excessive rubbing with a towel to dry
your hair will only result in some major frizz. Remember, when your hair is wet, it's fragile.
You need to handle it gently during this state. Rubbing it to get it dry can not only cause frizz
but damage as well.
 Blow Drying
Blow drying your hair might seem like the ideal option for you especially when needing your
hair to dry quickly. However, this is a major way to damage your hair. Not only is heat not
good for your hair in general, but applying it to your wet hair is even worse. Avoid blow
drying your hair when possible.
 Brushing Wet Hair

You'll also want to avoid brushing your hair while it's wet. It could be beneficial for getting a
lot of excess water out of your hair, but brushing it while wet can cause damage as well.
Because your hair is so fragile at this time, you don't want to run a brush through it.
What’s More
Activity 2 : Essay: Read each statement carefully and explain your answer. (See
attached rubric for the basis of your score)
1. What are the proper ways of drying the hair?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
2. What causes frizzy and brittle hair?

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
3. How do you make damage control?

______________________________________________________________
52
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
Adopted from: Janelle Cox, Education Expert, February 19, 2020

(https://www.thoughtco.com/essay-rubric-2081367)
53
What I Have Learned
Activity 3: Fill Me In. choose between “do’s” or “don’ts that best

describe the sentence.
# Do’s Don’t
1. Continue to remove excess water by gently blotting and
squeezing with your soft t-shirt or microfiber hair towel.
2. Twist your hair tightly to get excess water out.
3. Apply conditioner like the and detangle using your fingers or

a wide-toothed comb
4. Brush your hair while it’s wet.
5. If you have long hair, tie your hair up into a turban and let
the microfiber towel absorb the rest of the excess water for
10-15 minutes.
54
What I Can Do
Activity 4: Evaluate yourself. Read each of the questions in the left-hand column of
the chart. Place a check in the appropriate box opposite each question to indicate
your answers.
Can I? Yes no
Perform Pre and Post Hair Care Activities
1 Assist client in accordance with salon procedures.
2 Assess built of the client to determined appropriate size of
drapery to be used.
3 Provide client with appropriate clothing according to desired type
of service, size and built.*
4. Advise the client to remove all jewelries and accessories*
5 Prepare and select necessary tools, supplies and materials
according to the type of service. *
6 Check and analyze hair to determine appropriate shampoo
and/or conditioner to be used in accordance with the type of hair
damage. *
7 Shampoo and/or condition hair in accordance with the type of
service and established or acceptable procedures.*
8 Provide first-aid treatment to the client or refer to a health
personnel where necessary.*
9 Towel-dry and comb hair according to service requirements.
10 Blow dry hair according to service requirements and established
or acceptable procedures.*
11 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to
OH&S requirements.*
12 Segregate and dispose wastes materials according to OH&S
requirements.
55
4.2 Blow-dry hair according to service requirements and following standards
procedure
What’s In
previous lesson we had. We learned that there’s a proper way to towel-dry and comb hair.
Although towel-drying your hair has its benefits, we want to be clear what we mean by this.
By towel-drying your hair, we do not mean vigorously rubbing your scalp in order to speed
up the process. This would eventually damage the outer layer of the hair, causing it to look
frizzy and leading to more breakage. What we do mean is pressing, not rubbing, a clean,
very soft towel over wet hair to take out the moisture. Gradually comb your hair with a wide
tooth comb (nothing that will catch or pull) after every few minutes of pressing to encourage
the excess water to drip down. Towel drying your hair in this way requires patience.
In this lesson we need to discuss and identify the causes of drying your finished
hairstyle. Your clients will judge the quality of your work by the end result. When blow drying,
you can make hair curly, straight or wavy, or you can make it fuller and give it more volume.
Read Me Trivia
General tips Contact dermatitis According to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), up to
70% of hairdressers have to leave the profession due to contact dermatitis. Symptoms can
range from slightly inflamed areas of the skin to severe splitting and weeping areas with
irritationand soreness. The following steps can help you avoid this condition: Wear
disposable nitrile or polyvinyl gloves when shampooing, conditioning, colouring, lightening or
using any chemical substances. Dry your hands thoroughly with a soft cotton or paper towel.
Moisturise after washing your hands, as well as at the start and end of each day. It’s easy to
miss finger tips, in-between fingers and wrists. Change gloves between clients. Make sure
you don’t contaminate your hands when you take them off. Check your skin regularly for
early signs of dermatitis
Influencing factors the client’s physical features and their lifestyle have an impact on the
choice of styling. Their face andhead shape may not be suitable for what they have in mind.
Similarly, if their job or leisure activities affect their options, then you need to discuss these
factors.
Importance of damp hair In blow drying or setting, the hairstyle is fixed as the alpha keratin
changes to beta keratin. This takes place at the point where hair changes state from moist to
dry. So when blow drying, finger drying and setting, it is better to work with hair that is damp,
rather than wet. This approach cuts down on drying time and maximises your efficiency.
Using products without being wasteful for successful services, you need to know the effects
of different products on all hair types. There is a wide range of products available and you
need to know when and why you are using these products and the amount of product that
you should be using. If you are wasteful when using products, you will be ‘eating into’ your
salon’s profits.
56
Blow drying short hair
Step 1 Tools required for this

treatment Gown Towel Hand-held
hairdryer Always protect your client with
the appropriate personal protective
equipment, such as a gown and towel.
Once the client’s hair has been
shampooed, conditioned and towel-dried,
the hair is now ready to blow dry. Nozzle
Combs Brushes Styling products
Finishing products Section clips Before
using any electrical appliance, always
check that the plug and wire look in good
working condition and safe to operate.
Never operate any electrical appliance
with wet hands.
Step 2 Apply an appropriate styling aid, e.g. mousse, gel and spray.
Step 3 Divide the hair into small sections and clip each section if required. Blow
drying Page 3 Tip: Choosing the right product is essential to successful blow drying. Tip:
Think about the style the client wants. Bigger sections will create a looser curl and smaller
sections will create a tighter curl.
Step 4 Starting at the nape, work the hair in small sections so that the brush can get
close into the root and give greater lift.
Step 5 Direct the nozzle on the hair dryer down the hair shaft. This will smooth the
cuticle down and give you a better finished look.
Step 6 Smooth the hair at the nape of the neck. Use the brush to gradually give the
hair more lift as you work up. Blow drying Page 4 Tip: Don’t be afraid to pull – tension is key
to blow drying and this technique helps to achieve root lift and body and avoid flatness. The
stronger you blow dry, the longer the style will last.
Step 7 Do not over-dry. The hairdryer must not touch the hair or be too close to it, or
the hair will dry out or scorch. Check all sections, brush through and make sure the hair is
completely dried.
Step 8 Work the top of the head in small sections. Looking in the mirror as you work
helps you to ensure that the style is balanced from the sides.
Step 9 Blow dry the hair into the desired shape. Use any of the available fixing and
finishing products. These include gel, wax, serum and hair spray. Always keep the dryer a
safe distance away from the client’s scalp to protect them from any discomfort. Tip: Provide
aftercare to your client. Explain how they can achieve the finished hairstyle and recommend
the correct products to help them care for their hair at home.
57
Blow drying long hair
Step 1 Tools required for this treatment Gown Towel Hand-held hairdryer always protect
your client with the appropriate personal protective equipment, such as a gown and towel.
Once the client’s hair has been shampooed, conditioned and towel dried, the hair is now
ready to blow dry. Nozzle or attachment, e.g. diffuser Combs Brushes Section clips Styling
products finishing products
Step 2 Prepare the hair by applying the required product to towel dried hair. Comb through
to distribute through the hair.
Step 3 Divide the hair into four sections and clip each section if needed. Blow drying Page 6
Tip: Choosing the right product is essential to successful blow drying. Tip: Before using any
electrical appliance, always check that the plug and wire look in good working condition and
safe to operate. Never operate any electrical appliance with wet hands.
Step 4 Section the hair further to start the blow drying and use the correct brush for the look
required. Put the brush into the roots to lift and then pull the hair down – direct the hairdryer
at the same time and follow from root to tip. Check all sections, brush through and make
sure the hair is completely dried.
Step 5 Blow dry the hair into the desired shape. Use any of the available fixing and finishing
products. These include gel, wax, serum and hair spray. Apply the styling aids best suited
for the desired style and your client’s hair type and characteristics.
58
4.3 Applying finishing product on blow-dried hair according to product to OHS
requirements.
How to Safely Blow Dry Hair (Without Frizz)
The solution? Most professionals agree on a few foundational tips for how to safely
blow dry your hair. And as a bonus, these tips will also help you fight frizz — and they can
be used regardless of your hair type and any other hot tools you plan to use after you blow
dry.
Here’s what to keep in mind, every time:
 After you shower, let your hair air-dry naturally until it’s about 70-80% dry
 Prep with a leave-in (or heat protectant) product
 Work section by section
 Use low heat, when possible
 When using a nozzle attachment, slant it so it’s pointing down the hair shaft and keep
it at least 3 inches away from your hair
 Phew! Now that we’ve covered the basics of blow drying, let’s move on to the
specific tips based on your hair type and desired final look.
How to Blow Dry Fine Hair
If you have fine hair, your strands are prone to breakage, so it’s important to take
special care of them. Your hair may also air-dry quicker (depending on how much of it you
have), so have your blow dryer at the ready shortly after stepping out of the shower.
Also, make sure any products you’re using are formulated for fine hair, so they won’t weigh
down your strands as you’re styling.
Blow Drying Hair for Volume

Most fine-hair ladies are looking for more volume, and it’s easy to achieve with the right blow
dry products and techniques. Here’s a routine to follow:
1. After your leave-in product, select either a mousse or a volumizing spray and apply
throughout your hair with a focus on the roots.
2. Slightly rough up your hair for added texture; remove the nozzle and rough dry until
about 80% dry.
3. Put the nozzle back on and divide hair into sections.
4. Working section-by-section, gently pull hair up and out with a round brush as you’re
drying it.
5. Let each section cool and set before you move on; let it sit on the brush or hold it in
place using your hand, then gently release.
6. Make sure to dry your hair completely — your hair should feel room temperature
when you finish. If it’s still cold to the touch, there’s likely still moisture in it.
7. Add a finishing product to your ends, like our Miracle Shine Spray.
Note: Do not blow dry your hair with your head hanging upside down, despite what you’ve
heard. This just leads to tangles, especially in fine hair! Tilting your head to the side can get
the desired effect without the tangles — just tousle it gently as you go.
How to Blow Dry Wavy or Curly Hair

Whether you’re rocking naturally beachy waves or tightly-wound coils, you know that
sometimes curly hair can have a mind of its own. That’s why a proper blow dry is an
important step to get the look you want.
59
Of course, the techniques you use will depend on whether you want to enhance your waves
or blow dry your curls straight. Let’s take a look...
How to Blow Dry Hair for Wavy or Curly Styles

Want to enhance your curls or waves with the help of heat? A blow dryer (along with a
handy diffuser) can work wonders in setting your curls and reducing frizz along the way.
Here are your blow dry steps:
1. After your leave-in product, prep with a styling potion, curl cream, or gel for added
hold without the crunch.
2. Add a diffuser attachment to your hair dryer.
3. Working in small sections, place curls in the claw of the diffuser, then move the
diffuser to your scalp, lifting hair at the root to add volume. You can also gently move
the diffuser in circular motions.
4. Keep the ends of your hair out of the diffuser to avoid over-drying.
5. Air-dry the rest of your hair once it’s about 80% dry, OR take off the diffuser
attachment and do a once-over using the “cool” button to seal the cuticle.
6. Finish by lightly scrunching hair to shape and form curls further, and use a serum
product on your ends.
How to Blow Dry Curly Hair Straight
1. After your leave-in product, apply a styling potion or smoothing balm for thicker hair.
2. Section your hair, grab your round brush, and set your hair dryer to a medium heat.
3. Place the round brush under one section of hair, starting at the bottom. Slowly work
pull the hair down while angling your blow dryer against the brush and down the hair
shaft.
4. Make your way up to the scalp, by rolling up and pulling straight; repeat the process
for the remaining sections.
5. Make sure to dry your hair completely — your hair should feel room temperature
when you finish. If it’s still cold to the touch, there’s likely still moisture in it.
Note: Make sure to brush down straight — otherwise you’ll just create new waves and bends
in your hair!
How to Blow Dry Coarse Hair
If you have coarse or thick hair, your stands are more porous — meaning they can
handle heavier blow dry products without getting weighed down — and don’t break as easily
as your fine-haired counterparts. But that doesn’t mean you’re in the clear. With this hair
type, you may be more prone to dry or frizzy conditions. Here’s how to blow dry hair that is
coarse or thick:
1. After using a leave-in product, apply a styling potion or styling cream.
2. If you’re aiming for a straighter style, grab a paddle brush. Follow steps 2-6 in the
curly-to-straight routine above, only using a higher heat setting. (Finish using a hair
straightener, working slowly and in small sections.)
3. If you’re keeping your curls intact, use a diffuser and follow the steps in the curly
routine.
The key here for coarse hair is moving quickly, otherwise your hair will frizz.
How to Blow Dry Damaged Hair
So what if you have years of bad blow dry habits behind you, and the damage is already
done? You’re certainly not alone. It’s smart to air dry your hair every now and then, but on
the days you really need to set your style with an at-home blowout, keep these tips in mind:
 Before you start, use a deep conditioning mask or treatment in or after your shower
 You may also want to consider washing your hair less, as it can strip the natural oils
in your hair
 Use a quality hair dryer, and don’t forget your diffuser for curly hair
 Be aware of temperature: fine hair can overheat and burn easily, so dry at a lower
setting. Coarse or curly hair may need a higher heat to get through the strands
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61
Perform Post-service Activities
Lesson
5
What I Need to Know

5. Perform post-service activities (TLE_HEHD9-12TS-Id-5)
5.1 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to OHS
requirements.
5. 2 Segregate and dispose waste materials according to OHS requirements.
What’s New
Client consultation plays an important part in the growth of your beauty salon
business. Ideally, professional managers should perform this process and encourage clients
to participate willingly in the process, while understanding their concerns and providing the
right response. If done correctly, you can actively engage with your clients and win their trust,
influence their decision making, and turn them into evangelists of your salon
How to prevent cross-infection Cross-infection means that infection is given to one
person either from tools or from another person. So if you go to a wedding with a cold and
you cough and sneeze the whole day you are in danger of cross infecting the other people at
the wedding. Or if there are bacteria on the end of a pencil and you put that pencil in your
mouth, you could pick up an infection from the pencil. It is vital that the hairdresser and
beauty therapist takes great care to prevent cross infection. There are many ways to make
sure that you and your work environment is clean and germ free. The general word we use
for this is cleaning – but the correct word is decontamination. We de-contaminate the tools
or the workplace. There are three main ways to decontaminate or clean things in the salon:
 Sanitizing
 Disinfecting
 Sterilizing
62
What Is It
Let’s find out more about each method. Sanitation this is the lowest level of
decontamination or cleaning. It is done by wiping, washing, sweeping or dusting to reduce
the amount of germs and bacteria on tools and surfaces. Before disinfection or sterilization,
it is essential to first sanitise tools, surfaces and equipment by the appropriate method.
Sanitized tools and surfaces will still have pathogens or other organisms on them. Washing
your hands is a form of sanitizing. You may think that if you wash your hands with soap and
hot water that they are clean. Indeed they are ‘clean’ but they will probably still have micro-
organisms on them either from the tap or the towel that you dried them on. To remove such
organisms you would have to go to the next level of decontamination. Having said that,
hand-washing is one of the most important actions which anyone can take to prevent getting
infected themselves and from causing infection in others. But beware! You should avoid the
use of bar soaps in the salon as bacteria can even grow on these! It is safer to use the liquid
soap which comes in a pump-action bottle.
Disinfection This is the next level of decontamination. This is a chemical process that
will kill most of the germs if correctly carried out but will not necessarily kill them all. A good
quality disinfectant will be effective and fast acting against most pathogenic bacteria. It is the
most used form of decontamination in the salon. Using disinfectants Disinfectants are
chemicals which destroy most (not all) bacteria and some viruses. Surfaces, trolleys and
equipment should always be wiped over with a disinfectant solution; this reduces the growth
of germs and disinfection chemical form of cleaning which kills some germs.
Methods of sterilisation Bacteria and all other micro-organisms are killed by heat.
Therefore, placing tools and equipment in a container which heats them to very high
temperatures is the best way to sterilise. High temperature sterilisation can be wet or dry.
 Wet – an autoclave machine heats water to 121 - 134°C under high pressure. It is
the most common form of sterilisation in the salon and it is also the most effective method of
sterilisation. sterilisation cleaning method that kills all germs and bacteria on tools or
surfaces porous having pores or openings which allow liquids or gases to pass through
Autoclave machine.
 Dry – the glass bead steriliser is a small electrically-heated unit which contains
glass beads. The beads are heated and the heat is transferred to objects placed inside the
unit. It is only really suitable for small objects like tweezers and scissors.
 Another dry form of sterilization is by using radiation. A special cabinet contains a

lamp which gives off ultra-violet light to destroy micro-organisms. Not all micro-organisms
are destroyed so the ultra-violet cabinet is best used for storing equipment which has
previously been sterilised by the autoclave or disinfected
63
5.2 Segregate and dispose waste materials according to OHS requirements.
What’s In
In this lesson we need to discuss on how to dispose of Salon Waste.
Regulation sharps bins are yellow with different colored lids to highlight the type of
sharps waste (determined by what it’s been used for and how it could be contaminated).
These bins are puncture-proof with sealed lids to ensure the utmost safety.
Sharps bins are typically needed in a Salon for various beauty utensils. Offensive waste
bins are also required for a range of used materials. Sanitary bins are necessary for
washrooms, and finally if any sort of medication is used for any treatments, these will need a
specific pharmaceuticals bin.
As mentioned before, it is crucial to keep these clinical waste types separate so that
they can be disposed of properly and safely.
For a free quote on competitive sharps bins and collections.
General waste should be placed in a black bin. The size of the bin is dependent on
how much waste is usually accumulated in the Salon.
Hazardous Waste Best Practices
1. The most important first step salon or spa owners and managers should take is
making sure a waste management compliance program is set in place. Below are several
best practices for bagging, separating and storing hazardous waste items that will help
ensure the safety and compliance of your program:
Properly seal items. Prior to storing any hazardous waste items in a bin, place them
individually in a sealed plastic bag. This will keep items from mixing and causing a reaction.
2. Use separate bins. Incompatible hazardous waste items must remain separate. It’s
recommended to use designated bins for each type of hazardous waste category: aerosols
and flammables, toxics, corrosive acidic, corrosive alkaline (basic), oxidizers and universal
waste.
3. Label containers properly. Once the initial item is placed within a bin, label the
container as hazardous waste and also include the accumulation start date and an indication
of the hazardous characteristic of the waste. Should an inspector ever visit your salon,
proper labeling is one of the first things they will evaluate.
4. Scout a safe storage area. Store accumulation bins in a dedicated, clean and
neatly organized hazardous waste area. Make sure bins are stored away from heavy traffic
areas, electrical panels, and perishable or consumable product storage and dock doors.
64
What’s More
Qualification: HAIRDRESSING
COC 1: Perform Salon Support Services
Units of Competency  Perform Pre and Post Hair Care Activities
covered:  Perform Hair and Scalp Treatment
Instruction:
 Read each of the questions in the left-hand column of the chart
 Place a check in the appropriate box opposite each question to indicate your answers.
Can I? YES NO
Perform Hair and Scalp Treatment

 Determine client’s health and restrictions through consultation*
 Analyze client’s scalp and hair condition following salon safety
policies and procedures*
 Prepare and use protective clothing according to OH&S
requirements and salon procedures *
 Select and prepare supplies, materials and hair treatment
product according to client’s hair condition.*
 Perform hair treatment in accordance with established
 Select and prepare scalp treatment product based on client’s
scalp condition.*
 Perform scalp treatment in accordance with established
 Check result according to client’s desired outcome.
 Ensure client’s safety and comfort during the entire process.*

 Provide first-aid treatment to the client or referred to health
 Provide first-aid treatment to the client or referred to health
 Store used treatment products following salon
procedures.*
 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to
OH&S requirements.*
 Segregate and dispose waste materials according to
OH&S requirements.*
 Advise client on appropriate hair and scalp
maintenance.*
Candidate’s Name & Signature Date
65
What I Have Learned
SELF-ASSESSMENT GUIDE
Qualification: HAIRDRESSING
COC 1: Perform Salon Support Services
Units of Competency  Perform Pre and Post Hair Care Activities
covered:  Perform Hair and Scalp Treatment
Instruction:
 Read each of the questions in the left-hand column of the chart
 Place a check in the appropriate box opposite each question to indicate your answers.
Can I? YES NO
Perform Pre and Post Hair Care Activities

 Assist client in accordance with salon procedures.
 Assess built of the client to determined appropriate size of drapery to
be used.
 Provide client with appropriate clothing according to desired type of
service, size and built.*
 Advise the client to remove all jewelries and accessories*
 Prepare and select necessary tools, supplies and materials
according to the type of service. *
 Check and analyze hair to determine appropriate shampoo and/or
conditioner to be used in accordance with the type of hair damage. *
 Shampoo and/or condition hair in accordance with the type of
service and established or acceptable procedures.*
 Provide first-aid treatment to the client or refer to a health personnel
where necessary.*
 Ensure client’s safety and comfort during the entire process.*
 Towel-dry and comb hair according to service requirements.
 Blow dry hair according to service requirements and established or
acceptable procedures.*
 Apply finishing products on blow-dried hair according to product
specification.
 Clean, sanitize, and store tools and equipment according to OH&S
requirements.*
 Segregate and dispose wastes materials according to OH&S
requirements.
Candidate’s Name & Signature Date
66
Summary
1. All good hair starts with a healthy scalp. The scalp is the bedrock for the hair
follicle,’ explains trichologist Anabel Kingsley, ‘If it’s not in good condition, the
chances of you experiencing problems with hair growth and health increase
significantly. Research has proven that a flaky, itchy scalp can cause and or
worsen hair loss in certain individuals.’
1. When we talk health and safety in the salon, we are talking about the safety and
well-being of clients as well as yourself and other work colleagues. It’s about creating
a healthy and safe working environment for all.
2. Knowledge and consistent application of workplace policies, procedures and safe
work practices in regard to gowning client performing shampoo services, including
hair and scalp treatments. Knowledge and consistent application of local health
hygiene legislation and regulations applicable to the workplace. Knowledge and skill
in the application of scalp massage movements, including effleurage and petrissage.
3. You also have to purchase very good hair defensive items. They are available in all sorts
of kinds. There are actually creams, mousse and spray and gel. Title your option. The
important thing is that you choose a product designed for your hair. Know when you should
implement and the way to apply them also. The shampoo or conditioner as an example is
useful for day-to-day use when you have very greasy head of hair. Dried out head of hair
however requires two to three instances per week of shampooing.
4You have learned that Occupational safety and health (OSH), also commonly referred to as
health and safety, occupational health and safety (OHS), occupational health, or
occupational safety, is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the safety, health, and welfare
of people at work.
5. There is an appropriate draping procedure and the preparation of the protective clothing.
This includes the proper manner of dealing with the patron while on the process of draping,
as well as, the proper way of preparing the tools, supplies, materials and protective clothing
in accordance with salon policies and standards.
67
Post Test
Directions: Read the sentences carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Write the letter in the space provided before the number.
____1. What ingredient found in shampoo and conditioner that helps straightening and
smoothing your hair?
A. silicone C. Ions
B. essential oils D. amino acid
___2. If you wanted to refresh your hair without full shower and blow dry, what shampoo will
you use?
A. Shampoo for color treated hair. C. Dry Shampoos
B. Clarifying Shampoos D. Volumizing Shampoos
___3. One active ingredient of shampoo that has a deep cleansing characteristic is called?
___4. Damaged cuticles and separated strands at the cortex.
A. Medium Hair C. Treatment
B. Split Ends D. Sectioning
___5. Secretes oil wax.
A. Follicle C. Keratin
B. Combination Hair D. Sebaceous Gland
__6. The application of special chemical agents to the hair to help resolve the strength and
to protect it against possible breakage.
A. Conditioning C. Coarse Hair
B. Hair Density D. Conditioner
__7. Combing the hair towards the scalp while the long strands is held in vertical position.
A. Sectioning B. Fine Hair
C. Back Comb D. Trichology
__8. Forms a natural protective film over the hair; keeps hair soft, supple and shiny
A. Medulla C. Sebum
B. Fine Hair D. Back Comb
__9. What is the first step in blow-drying hair?
A. create section in the hair. C. Apply an appropriate styling aid
B. direct the nozzle to the hair D. cut the hair
__10. Why do we follow the OHS standards?
A. to ensure safety C. to aid the clients concern
B. to create gap D. to get oriented
68
Key to Answers
(Pre-test)
steps in shampooing and conditioning the hair
1.
Check if clients are comfortable water temperature.
2.
Get your hand a shampoo and emulsify in your hands first before applying it to
their head.
3.
Rinsing. Keep the nozzle directed down and towards you, you want to make sure
you don’t get any water in the client’s ears.
4.
Conditioning. Once again gently emulsify it on your palms first and start at the ends
of the hair and then work and work your way up, running your fingers through if it’s
possible.
5.
Tip #5: Final Rinse and towel dry.
steps in blow-drying the hair

1.
Step 1. Always protect your client with the appropriate personal protective
equipment, such as a gown and towel. Once the client’s hair has been
shampooed, conditioned and towel dried, the hair is now ready to blow dry.
2.
Step 2 Prepare the hair by applying the required product to towel dried hair. Comb
through to distribute through the hair.
3.
Step 3 Divide the hair into four sections and clip each section if needed.
4.
Step 4 Section the hair further to start the blow drying and use the correct brush for
the look required.
5.
Step 5 Blow dry the hair into the desired shape. Use any of the available fixing and
finishing products. These include gel, wax, serum and hair spray. Apply the styling
aids best suited for the desired style and your client’s hair type and characteristics
Post Test
10. A
9. D
8. B
7. D
6. A
5. D
4. C
3. A
2. C
1. A
69
References
Treatments For Damaged Hair | Dr. Bindu's Expert Advice

https://www.slideshare.net/ronald_mckelvey/market-research-philippine-hair-care-market-
growing-strong-with-help-from-natural-ingredients?qid=0677e7a4-02fd-4ca6-a835-
ef4097a6e603&v=&b=&from_search=1 (accessed July 9, 2020)
Deana Kucks, Greet & Prepare Clients for Salon Services,

https://prezi.com/ifqvevv4gxvz/greet-amp-prepare-clients-for-salon-services/
(accessed July 8, 2020)
Christine Muraya Alison Mead Richardson, Maintain a Safe, Secure and Hygienic Salon
file:///E:/2020-2021/Salon_Safety_OER.pdf
70
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
DepEd Division of Cagayan de Oro City

Fr. William F. Masterson Ave Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro
Telefax: ((08822)855-0048
E-mail Address: cagayandeoro.city@deped.gov.ph
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Senior High School

Co-Chairperson: Alicia E. Anghay, PhD, CESE

Members Lorebina C. Carrasco, OIC-CID Chief

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

What This Module is About............................................................................................................. i

What I Need to Know....................................................................................................................... ii

How to Learn from this Module..................................................................................................... ii

Icons of this Module........................................................................................................................ iii

What I Know.................................................................................................................................... iii

Treatment of hair and scalp................................................................................................1-31

1.1 Appreciate the benefits of scalp and hair treatment .............................................. 1

What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 1

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………….. 2-3

What’s More ......................................................................................................... 4-5

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 6

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 7

What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 8

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………….. 9-10

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 12

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 12

1.3 Distinguish diseases and Disorder of Scalp and Hair

What I Need to Know............................................................................................ 13

What’s New ............................................................................................................ 13

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14-16

What’s More: ......................................................................................................... 17

What I Have Learned ........................................................................................... 18

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………………………………………. 18-19

What’s New …………………………………………………………………….. 20

What Is It: ……………………………………………………………………….21-23

What’s More .........................................................................................................24

What I Have Learned …………………………………………………………. 25

What I Can Do ……………………………………………………………….... 25

What’s New ……………………………………………………………………... 26

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 27-29

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 31

Prepare Client…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32-42

What’s I need to know............................................................................... 32

What’s New ……………………………………………………………………...32

What Is It: ………………………………………………………………………. 33

What’s More ......................................................................................................... 34

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 35

What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………. 36

What’s New .…………………………………………………………………… 37

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 38-39

What’s More ………………………………………………………………….. 39-40

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 41

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 41

2.3 Advice client to remove all jewelry and accessories

What’s More ......................................................................................................... 42

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 43

What I need to know ............................................................................................ 44

What Is It ……………………………………………………………………… 44-45

What’s More .........................................................................................................45-46

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 46

What I Can Do ………………………………………………………………….. 47

1.1 Towel dry and comb hair according to service requirements

What’s New ………………………………………………………………….. 48-49

What’s More .........................................................................................................50-51

What I Have Learned ………………………………………………………….. 52

What I Can Do: ………………………………………………………………….. 53

4.2 Blow-dry hair according to service requirements and following standards