RANDOM SAMPLING

 POPULATION
The set of all possible values of a variable.

 SAMPLE
It is a subset of population. It consists of one or more data drawn from
the population.

 RANDOM SAMPLING
It is a sampling method of choosing representative from the population
wherein every sample has an equal chance of being selected. Accurate data
can be collected using random sampling techniques.

Types of Random Sampling

 A Simple random sampling technique is the most basic random sampling
wherein each element in the population has an equal probability of being
selected.

 A Systematic random sampling technique in which every kth element of

the population is selected until the desired number of elements in the
sample is obtained. To determine the interval to be used in identifying the
samples to who will participate in the study, use the formula k= N/n
(population/sample size).
 Stratified random sampling is a random sampling wherein the population is
divided into different strata or divisions. The number of samples will be
proportionately picked in each stratum that is why all strata are represented
in the samples.

 Cluster sampling is a random sampling wherein the population is divided into

cluster or groups and then the clusters are randomly selected. All elements of
the clusters randomly selected are considered the sample of the study.

 Example:
Identify the probability technique used in the following situations.
1. Supervisors are selected using random numbers in order to determine the
annual salaries.
2. Every 12th customer entering a mall is asked to select his or her favorite store.
3. A head nurse selects 10 patients from each floor of a hospital.
4. In a university, all teachers from three buildings are interviewed to determine
whether they believe the students have higher grades now than previous years.

1. A researcher wants to study the effects of social media on Grade 11 students

in Manila Mathematics High School. He wishes to use the simple random
sampling technique in choosing the members of his sample. If there are
1,000 Grade 11 students in the school, how many students should there be in
his sample? Discuss the steps he must take if he wishes to use the lottery
method.

2. How will you select a sample of 71 students in a group of 250 students using
the systematic sampling techniques?

3. You want to interview 200 students in your school to determine their opinion
on the new school uniform. How are you going to select your sample by using
stratified sampling if there are 1,200 students in grade seven; 1,100 in Grade
8; 1,050 in Grade 9; 940 in Grade 10; 900 in Grade 11, and 810 in Grade 12?

Activity
Identify the type of sampling technique used by the researcher in each of the
following situations.
1. The office clerk gave the researcher a list of 500 Grade 10 students. The
researcher selected every 20th name on the list.

2. In a recent research that was conducted in a private school, the subjects of

the study were selected by using the Table of Random Numbers.

3. A researcher interviewed people from each town in the province of Albay for
his research on population.

4. A researcher is doing a research work on the students’ reaction to the newly

implemented curriculum in mathematics and interviewed every 10th student
entering the gate of the school.
5. A researcher who is studying the effects of educational attainment on
promotion conducted a survey of 50 randomly selected workers from each of
these categories: high school graduate, with undergraduate degrees, with
master’s degree, and with doctoral degree.