Connectors - Contrast

however although Even though nonetheless nevertheless yet still

Examples:
CONNECTOR SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2
Although It was cold However I went to the beach
Even though Although
Even though
Nonetheless
Nevertheless
Yet
Still

Please note that ALTHOUGH and EVEN THOUGH can be used in the first sentence

1 – Complete with a Contrast Connector

1. ____________________ I had very little time, I managed to complete the exercise.
2. I was late for work, ____________________ no one noticed.
3. ____________________ it was raining, it was really hot.
4. She has read the book, ____________________ she doesn’t remember anything.
5. We have been waiting for hours, ____________________ Peter hasn’t shown up.

2 – Create contrast clauses

1. I don’t like cinema _________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________ she spoke to peter, ____________________________________________________
3. He hates travelling by plane, _________________________________________________________________
4. He has practiced sports since he was a child, ____________________________________________________
5. ____________________ he studies a lot, _______________________________________________________
6. She didn’t study a lot, ______________________________________________________________________
7. They eat French fries almost every day, ________________________________________________________
8. I don’t have a dog, _________________________________________________________________________
9. I have never been to England, ________________________________________________________________
10. ____________________ I see her every day, ____________________________________________________
 Connectors - Contrast

Despite In spite of

These are special connectors of contrast because they are followed by a verb in gerund or a noun
EXAMPLE:
CONNECTOR NOUN or GERUND SENTENCE 1

Despite The cold

I wen to the beach
In spite of Being cold

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR NOUN or GERUND

Despite The cold

I wen to the beach
In spite of Being cold

Please note that you can NEVER use a sentence with a subject after DESPITE or IN SPITE OF

1 – Transform the sentences using DESPITE or IN SPITE OF but maintain the original meaning.
1. He was nervous, however the interview went well.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
2. He is Australian, although is English is very bad.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
3. They go to all classes, nonetheless they do not have good results at school.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
4. He was able to complete the test even though there was a lot of noise in the room.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
5. He didn’t know the answer, however everyone looked at him waiting for one.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
6. She arrived late, but no one else was there.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
7. We don’t have a car, but we know how to drive.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
 Connectors - Addition

also besides On top of that As well as In addition moreover furthermore

Examples:
SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

The exam was easy Besides I was well prepared

In addition
Moreover
Furthermore
On top of that

Please note that besides can be used with a verb in gerund

CONNECTOR NOUN or GERUND SENTENCE 2

Besides Football He practices judo

Please note that as well as is used to enumerate things or people

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

I had a car As well as A jeep

I can speak English German

1 – Create Addition clauses

1. I have very little time _______________________________________________________________________
2. It was raining hard_____________________ ____________________________________________________
3. He hates travelling by plane, _________________________________________________________________
4. He has practiced sports since he was a child, ____________________________________________________
5. He studies a lot, ___________________________________________________________________________
6. She didn’t study a lot, ______________________________________________________________________
7. They eat French fries almost every day, ________________________________________________________
8. I have a dog ______________________________________________________________________________
9. I bought a new shirt _______ ________________________________________________________________
10. ____________________ receiving a low salary __________________________________________________
 Connectors - Reason

because since as Due to Because of Owing to On account of

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

We were late Because It was raining

As
since

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR NOUN or GERUND

We were late Due to The rain

Owing to Being raining
Because of
On account of

Please note that you can NEVER use a sentence with a subject after DUE TO, OWING TO, BECAUSE OF, ON
ACCOUNT OF
1 – Complete with a Reason Connector
1. ____________________ there was lots of traffic, I took the subway.
2. I called Peter to my office, ____________________ I needed to speak to him.
3. ____________________ it was raining, I stayed home.
4. ____________________ the weather, school was closed
5. He couldn’t participate ____________________ having a broken arm.

2 – Create Reason clauses

1. All roads were closed _______________________________________________________________________
2. The city was on blackout ____________________________________________________________________
3. There was a fire in the apartment ____________________________________________________________
4. He couldn’t go outside _________________ ____________________________________________________
5. __________________________________________________________________ the concert was cancelled.
6. _______________________________________________________________ there was an increase in sales.
7. ________________________________________________________________________ traffic was a chaos.
8. All flights were cancelled ___________________________________________________________________
9. I have never been to England ________________________________________________________________
10. Da Vinci became famous _______________ ____________________________________________________
 Connectors - Result

therefore so That’s why hence thus consequently

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

I practiced a lot Therefore Knew how to use the connectors

So
That’s why
Hence
Thus
consequently

1 – Create Addition clauses

1. I have very little time _______________________________________________________________________
2. It was raining hard_____________________ ____________________________________________________
3. He hates travelling by plane, _________________________________________________________________
4. He has practiced sports since he was a child, ____________________________________________________
5. He studies a lot, ___________________________________________________________________________
6. She didn’t study a lot, ______________________________________________________________________
7. They eat French fries almost every day, ________________________________________________________
8. We are vegans ____________________________________________________________________________
9. She entered law school _____________________________________________________________________
10. They are Spanish __________________________________________________________________________
 Connectors - Purpose

In order to So as to to So that In order that

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

I practiced a lot To Win.

In order to
So as to

SENTENCE 1 CONNECTOR SENTENCE 2

I practiced a lot So that I could win.

In order that I didn’t lose

Please note that you need a sentence with a modal or negative auxiliary verb to use SO THAT or IN ORDER THAT
1 – Complete with a Purpose Connector
1. Concentrate on your exercise ____________________ make any mistakes.
2. You have to wake up  ____________________ be on time.
3. Ships carry life boats  ____________________ the crew can escape when the ship sinks.
4. I will go to university  ____________________ continue my studies.
5. He exercises regularly  ____________________ be overweight.
6. She works hard  ____________________ she can earn a living.
7. These men risk their lives  ____________________ we may live more safely.
8. I went to bed early ____________________ I wouldn't be tired in the morning. 
9. I have to get up early. I set the alarm for five o'clock ____________________ oversleep. 
10. Make sure your bags are tagged____________________ you can identify them later. 

2 – Create Purpose clauses

1. I go to the gym ____________________________________________________________________________
2. She took the bus _____________________ _____________________________________________________
3. They never buy things they don’t need _________________________________________________________
4. He is learning English _______________________________________________________________________
5. He studies a lot, ___________________________________________________________________________
6. He went to interview ______________________________________________________________________
7. She has bought vegetables __________ ________________________________________________________