BASISTE HT TRANS01

Equations
Transient Heat transfer
$Keyboard US

$Unitsystem bar T kJ
Starting / boundary conditions
T t0 = 80 [C] (1)
Start temperatur of cup

Ta = 20 [C] (2)
temp. of environment, constant
Thermal capacity Cth
mw = 0.20 [kg] (3)
mass of water / tea
mc = 0.16 [kg] (4)

mas of cup/mug, ceramics

cw = 4180 [J/kg ·K] (5)
spec. thermal cap. of water

cc = 1000 [J/kg ·K] (6)

spec. thermal cap. of ceramics
Cth = mw · cw + mC · cc (7)

Resistance R
d = 0.08 [m] (8)
diameter cup

H = 0.1 [m] (9)

height
A = π/4 · d2 + π · d · H (10)

outer surface cup

alpha = 15 W/m2 ·K
 
(11)
Heat heat transfer coefficient
1
R= (12)
(α · A)
thermal resistance
Differential equation:
Cth * dT/dt = - 1/R * (T - Ta )
1
dT dt = − · (T t − Ta ) (13)
(R · Cth )

Solution: Integration
tstart = 0 (14)

tend = 3600 (15)

Z tend
T t = T t0 + dT dt dt (16)
tstart

Q̇ = 1/R · (T t − Ta ) (17)

$IntegralTable t:60 Tt T_a Q_dot

Analytical solution of DE, sep. of var. etc.
$IFNOT ParametricTable

time = tend (18)

$ENDIF
 
1
T texact = Ta + (T t0 − Ta ) · exp − · time (19)
(Cth · R)

Calculation of Biot number, not exact...

Assumption: water as solid object

s = d/2 (20)

λ = k (W ater, T = T t0 /2, p = 1) (21)

Bi = s/λ · α (22)

in real: convection in fluid- Temperature compensation

Solution
   
A = 0.03016 m2 α = 15 W/m2 ·K Bi = 0.9547 [W/m·K]
cc = 1000 [J/kg·K] Cth = 996 [J/K] cw = 4180 [J/kg·K]
d = 0.08 [m] dT dt = −0.005312 [K/s] H = 0.1 [m]
λ = 0.6285 mc = 0.16 [kg] mw = 0.2 [kg]
Q̇ = 5.291 [W·C/K] R = 2.21 [K/W] s = 0.04 [m]
t = 3600 [C] time = 3600 [s] T t = 31.7 [C]
T t0 = 80 [C] T texact = 31.7 [C] Ta = 20 [C]
tend = 3600 [s] tstart = 0
Plot Window 1: P lot 2