𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨 𝑫𝑬 𝑹𝑬𝑮𝑰𝑶𝑵𝑬𝑺 𝑷𝑳𝑨𝑵𝑨𝑺 𝒀 𝑽𝑶𝑳𝑼𝑴𝑬𝑵𝑬𝑺 𝑫𝑬 𝑺𝑶𝑳𝑰𝑫𝑶𝑺

𝟏. 𝑺𝒊 𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒆𝒎𝒐𝒔 𝒖𝒏𝒂 𝒇𝒖𝒏𝒄𝒊ó𝒏 𝒇: 𝑫 ⊂ 𝑹𝟐 → 𝑹, 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡í𝑛𝑢𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝐷; 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑐𝑒𝑠: 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛

𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑆 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑑𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒 𝑧 = 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 , y que tiene como base

al conjunto D, es: 𝑽 𝑺 = ඵ 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 𝒅𝒙𝒅𝒚

𝑫

𝐸𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑠:

𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑟, 𝜃 𝑟. 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
𝐷∗

𝐸𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑢, 𝑣 𝑒𝑠:

𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑢, 𝑣 . 𝐽(𝑢, 𝑣) 𝑑𝑢𝑑𝑣
𝐷∗

𝟐. 𝒔𝒊 𝒇 𝒙, 𝒚 = 𝟏 𝒆𝒏 𝒍𝒂 𝒇ó𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂 𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒊𝒐𝒓, 𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒄𝒆𝒔:

A(D) = ඵ 𝑑𝐴 ; 𝑒𝑠 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷

𝐷
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜 1.
𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑦 = 𝑥 , 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 , 𝑦 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑎 𝑥 = 4.
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏

𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑢𝑛𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑎 𝑠𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎, 𝑚𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓ó𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝐴 𝐷 = ඵ 𝑑𝐴

𝐷

𝑃𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝐷 = 𝑅, 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑥 𝑒 𝑦

𝑦=2 𝑥

R=D
𝑦= 𝑥

0 4
 𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 4, 𝑥≤𝑦≤2 𝑥
4 2 𝑥
𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜 𝐴 𝑅 = 𝐴 𝐷 = න න 𝑑𝑦. 𝑑𝑥
0 𝑥

4
𝐴 𝐷 = න 2 𝑥 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
0
4
16 2
𝐴 𝐷 =න 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑢
0 3

𝟏𝟔 𝟐
𝑷𝒐𝒓 𝒍𝒐 𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒕𝒐: ඵ 𝒙𝒅𝒙 = 𝒖
𝟑
𝑫
𝑬𝒋𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐 𝟐. Encontrar el área de la región en el primer cuadrante del plano XY, limitada por las líneas

𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 1; 𝑥 2 +2𝑦 2 = 4; 𝑦 = 2𝑥; 𝑦 = 5𝑥
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏

𝑆𝑖 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝐷, 𝑠𝑒 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑎 𝑦 𝑣𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎 ℎ𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑥 𝑒 𝑦 𝑒𝑠

𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 ℎ𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠.

Y v

5
R = D*
D

↔ 2

0 X 0 1 4
u

2 2
𝑦
𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑢 𝑦 𝑉, 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 ∶ 𝑢 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ; 𝑦 𝑣=
𝑥
Es𝑡𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑔𝑛𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎 𝑞𝑢𝑒: 1 ≤ 𝑢 ≤ 4; 2 ≤ 𝑣 ≤5
 1 1 1
𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑙 𝐽𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑏𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝐽 𝑢, 𝑣 = = =
𝐽(𝑥, 𝑦) 2𝑥 4𝑦 𝑦2
2+4 2
−𝑦 1 𝑥
𝑥2 𝑥
1
𝑃𝑜𝑟𝑙𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒: 𝐽 𝑢, 𝑣 =
2 + 4𝑣 2
𝑃𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑣𝑒𝑟 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝐷 𝑠𝑒 𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝐷∗
5 4 5
𝑑𝑢𝑑𝑣 3𝑑𝑣
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜: 𝐴(𝐷 ∗) = ඵ 𝐽(𝑢, 𝑣) 𝑑𝑢𝑑𝑣 = න න 2
=න 2
2 1 2 + 4𝑣 2 2 + 4𝑣

3
A(𝐷 ∗ ) = (𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑔5 2 −artg2 2) 𝑢2
2√2
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜 3. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙í𝑛𝑒𝑎: (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = 2a𝑥 3
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛
𝐸𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠, 𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃; 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃; 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠: 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 = 𝑟 2 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝐽 𝑟, 𝜃 = 𝑟

𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜; (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )2 = 2𝑎𝑥 3 , 𝑠𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑖𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑒 𝑒𝑛 𝑟 4 = 2𝑎𝑟 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃; 𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒, 𝑟 = 2𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃

𝜋 𝜋
𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑅 = 𝐷∗ 𝑜𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑖𝑔𝑢𝑟𝑎 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝑢𝑛𝑡𝑎, 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒: 0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 2𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃; − 2 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2

𝑟 = 2𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃

0
2𝑎
X
𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 ඵ 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = ඵ 𝐽(𝑟, 𝜃) 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
𝐷 𝐷∗
𝜋 𝜋
2𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝜃
2 2
= 2න න 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = 4𝑎2 න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 6 𝜃𝑑𝜃
0 0 0

𝜋 𝜋
2
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 3
2 𝑎2 2
= 4𝑎 න ( ) 𝑑𝜃 = න 1 + 3𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 3𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 2𝜃 𝑑𝜃
0 2 2 0

𝑎2 3 𝑠𝑒𝑛4𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝜃 𝑠𝑒𝑛3 2𝜃

= 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝜃 + 3𝜃 + + −
2 2 8 2 6

𝑎2 𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 2 2
ඵ 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = + = 𝑎 𝑢
2 2 4 8
𝐷
𝐸𝑗𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑙𝑜 4. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 á𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖ó𝑛 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑎 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )3 = 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4
𝑆𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑐𝑖ó𝑛

𝑈𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃; 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 → 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑟 2 𝑦 𝐽 𝑟, 𝜃 = 𝑟

𝐿𝑎 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑣𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 )3 = 𝑥 4 + 𝑦 4 𝑒𝑠 𝑟 6 = 𝑟 4 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃 ,

𝑑𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑟 = 0; 𝑦 𝑟 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃, 𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑚á𝑠 0 ≤ 𝑟 ≤ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃; 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋

2𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝜃+𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃
1 2𝜋
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒: 𝐴 𝑅 =න න 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃𝑑𝜃
0 0 2 0

2𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝜃+𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃
1 2𝜋 3𝜋 2
𝐷𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒: න න 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න 3 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃 𝑑𝜃 = 𝑢
0 0 8 0 4

2𝜋 𝑐𝑜𝑠4 𝜃+𝑠𝑒𝑛4 𝜃
3𝜋 2
𝐿𝑢𝑒𝑔𝑜: 𝐴 𝐷 = න න 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = 𝑢
0 0 4
𝑬𝒋𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐 𝟓. 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜 𝑋𝑌, 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥 2 𝑦 2 2𝑥
𝑧= 2+ 2, 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜 + =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑎
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏

𝑆𝑎𝑏𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑝𝑜𝑟: 𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦

𝐷
𝑥 𝑦
𝑃𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠, ℎ𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑚𝑜𝑠 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃; = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃;
𝑎 𝑏
Y
𝐷𝑒 𝑑𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑒 𝑥 = 𝑎𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃; 𝑦 = 𝑏𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑎𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃
𝑟 = 2 cos 𝜃 𝐴ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑎 𝑐𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝐽 𝑟, 𝜃 = = 𝑎𝑏𝑟
𝑏𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃 −𝑏𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
D*

0 X
 𝑥2 𝑦2 2
𝑥 2 𝑦 2 2𝑥
𝑎𝑑𝑒𝑚á𝑠 + = 𝑟 ; 𝑦 + =
𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑎2 𝑏 2 𝑎
𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑑𝑎𝑟á 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜: 𝑟 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑜 𝑠𝑒 𝑚𝑢𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟
𝜋
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑥2 𝑦2 2
𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 2+ 𝑑𝑥𝑑𝑦 = 2න න 𝑟 2 𝑎𝑏𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃
𝑎 𝑏2 0 0
𝐷

𝜋 𝜋
2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
2 𝑎𝑏 2
𝐸𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 2 න (න 𝑎𝑏𝑟 3 𝑑𝑟)𝑑𝜃 = න 𝑟 4 /2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
0 𝑑𝜃
0 0 2 0

𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝑎𝑏 2
4
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 2
2 2
= න 16𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃𝑑𝜃 = 8𝑎𝑏 න ( ) 𝑑𝜃 = 2𝑎𝑏 න (1 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2𝜃)𝑑𝜃
2 0 0 2 0

𝜋
2 3 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃 3𝜃 𝑠𝑒4𝜃 𝜋2
= 2𝑎𝑏 න + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 + 𝑑𝜃 = 2𝑎𝑏 + 𝑠𝑒𝑛2𝜃 + /0 = 3𝑎𝑏𝜋 𝑢3
0 2 2 2 8
𝑬𝒋𝒆𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒐 𝟔. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜
𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ; 𝑦 𝑞𝑢𝑒 𝑒𝑠𝑡á 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 𝑦 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑒𝑗𝑒 𝑋.
𝑺𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒄𝒊ó𝒏

𝐸𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑥 = 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑦 = 𝑟𝑠𝑒𝑛𝜃, 𝐽 𝑟, 𝜃 = 𝑟, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 𝑟. 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃

𝐷∗

𝐺𝑟𝑎𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑐í𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠, 𝑧 = 𝑟; 𝑦 𝑟=1

Z Y

𝑥 2 + 𝑦2 = 1
𝑧= r
𝑟=1
D*

0
Y X

X
 𝑙𝑎 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑙𝑜 𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑟𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠, 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑠 𝑓 𝑥, 𝑦 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2
𝑓 𝑟, 𝜃 = 𝑟 , 𝑡𝑎𝑚𝑏𝑖𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑜 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1; 𝑒𝑠 𝑟 = 1
𝐿𝑎 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑣𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑛: 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 𝜋, 0≤𝑟≤1

𝜋 1 𝜋 3
2
𝑟 1 𝜋 2
𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜 𝑉 𝑆 = ඵ 𝑟. 𝑟𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න න 𝑟 𝑑𝑟𝑑𝜃 = න /0 𝑑𝜃 = 𝑢
0 0 0 3 3
𝐷∗

π 2
V S = ඵ 𝑟 2 drdθ = u
3
𝐷∗
𝑬𝒋𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒐𝒔 𝑵° 𝟎𝟒

1. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑧 2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒 3𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ,

11
𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 𝜋 𝑢3
3

2. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑜𝑏𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑜 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 + 1)2 ≤ 1, 𝑦 𝑏𝑎𝑗𝑜 𝑧 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ,

3𝜋 3
𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 𝑢
2
3. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 2 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑧 2 = 0 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 ℎ𝑖𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒
2 2 2 2
4𝑎3 𝜋
𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 = −𝑎 , 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎. 2 − 1 𝑢3
3
𝜋𝑎3 3
4. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 2𝑎𝑧 = 𝑥2 + 𝑦2; 𝑥 2 +𝑦 2 − 𝑧2 = 𝑎2 ; 𝑧 = 0 ; 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎. 𝑢
3

5. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑧 = 𝑥 + 𝑦; 𝑥𝑦 = 1; 𝑥𝑦 = 2; 𝑦 = 𝑥; 𝑦 = 2𝑥; 𝑧 = 0;

2
𝑥 > 0, 𝑦 > 0 , Rpta: 2 2 − 1 u3
3

𝑥2 𝑧2 𝑏
6. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜 + = 1; 𝑦 𝑙𝑜𝑠 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑜𝑠 𝑦 = 𝑥; 𝑦 = 0;
𝑎2 𝑐 2 𝑎
𝑧 = 0; 𝑥 > 0,
 7. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜 𝑎2 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑧 = 0 𝑦
𝜋𝑎2 ℎ 3
𝑎2 𝑧 = ℎ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 , 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 𝑢
2
8. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑒 𝑙𝑎 𝑒𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑎 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑧 2 = 4𝑎2 𝑦 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑟𝑜
3
16𝑎
𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 𝑎)2 = 𝑎2 , 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: (3𝜋 − 4)𝑢3
9
9. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑟𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑎2 𝑦 2 = ℎ2 𝑥 2 + 𝑧 2
𝑎2 ℎ𝜋 3
𝑦 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑦 = 0, 𝑦 = ℎ, 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎. 𝑢
12
10. 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑜𝑖𝑑𝑒 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 4 − 𝑧 𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒
5𝜋
𝑝𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 = 4 + 4𝑧, 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 𝑢3
2

11. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑑𝑒𝑙 𝑠ó𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑧 = 1 − 𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 𝑒 𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑒 𝑝𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑎 𝑔𝑟á𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑎
5𝜋 3
𝑥 2 + 4𝑦 2 − 4𝑧 = 1, 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 𝑢
16
12. 𝐻𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑒𝑙 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑛 𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒𝑟𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑜 𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠 𝑠𝑢𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 − 𝑧 = 0; 4 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑧, 𝑅𝑝𝑡𝑎: 4𝜋 𝑢3