Why should we learn morphology and

syntax?
Dear my beloved students,
Although this module-Morpho and Syntax might be a bit
challenging, studying it well can help you read and write
English more easily. So let’s try your best!
Morphology is an important skill for students to
develop in reading and spelling. We use morphemes
to convey meaning when we talk and write. We also
encounter them when we read. In order for students
to make sense of what they are reading, spelling, or
writing, they need to understand the structure of
words.
Ex: run, he, the, etc
Hình vị phái sinh
(Giữ nguyên từ loại) (Thay đổi từ loại)
(Hình vị biến tố)
Eight inflectional morphemes in English
• the noun plural morpheme {–S1}: book–s, apple–s, box–es, etc.
• the noun possessive morpheme {–S2}: man–‘s, girl–‘s, students–‘, Alice–‘s, etc.
• the verb third person singular present tense morpheme {–S3}: walk–s, find–s, mix–es,
etc.
• the verb present participle morpheme {–ing1}: play–ing, typ(e)–ing, dig(g)–ing, etc.
• the verb past simple morpheme {–D1}: flow–ed, work–ed, creat(e)–ed, drank, broke,
thought, show–ed, etc.
• the verb past participle morpheme{–D2}: flow–ed, work–ed, creat(e)–ed, drunk, broken,
thought, show–n, etc.
• the adjective or adverb comparative morpheme {–er1}: small–er, saf(e)–er, thinn–er,
long–er, fast–er, hard–er, etc.
• the adjective or adverb superlative morpheme {–est1}: small–est, saf(e)– est, thinn–est,
long–est, fast–est, hard–est, etc.

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Functional: liên quan đến chức năng
Lexical: liên quan đến từ vựng
Derivation: sự chiết xuất, sự dẫn xuấtà thay đổi nghĩa, từ loại
Inflection: sự uốn congà thay đổi thì (v), so sánh (adj)
PRACTICE IN MORPHOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION

Identify the derivational and inflectional morphemes in the following sentences:

1. The child’s wildness shocked the teachers.
2. The instructor is writing some words on the board.
3. John’s father is very unhappy about his failure in the exams.
4. They needed some bigger paintings for the central hall.

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-ed đã được định nghĩa là inflectional
morpheme ở bài học trước đó
Tuy nhiên trong trường hợp này –ed
thay đổi từ excite là verb thành adj
là excited, nên –ed là suffix (hình vị
phái sinh)

Và mình có sơ đồ cây như sau