Lesson 2

Kartilya Ng Katipunan
Mga Aral nang Katipunan ng mga A.N.B.

This document was written by Emilio Jacinto as a primer of the members of

Katipunan. This gives them an idea of what the organization is aspiring for and how the
members can contribute to achieve the kind of society they envision.

What I know

When the Spaniards arrived in the islands in the 16 th century, the people’s lives
were changed. Let’s look at this transformation by answering the matrix below. Write
your conclusion by reflecting on the questions included.

BARANGAY SPANISH

Leadership

Spiritual Leader/
Religion

Social Classes

Economic Activities

1. Were these transformations good for the people? Were there negative effects?
2. How did the people react to the changes institutionalized by the Spaniards?

Conclusion

1 | GERPH, MODULE 2 LESSON 2

 When the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines in 1565, Legaspi had the
command to colonize the islands which was accidentally discovered by Magellan in
1521. The people’s lives were transformed in all aspects.

Spanish institutions have slowly replaced the indigenous ones. The independent
barangays with their proud datu were reduced into mere collective to serve more of its
economic purposes. A centralized form of government with its seat of power in Manila
was established. Laws were given by the Spanish King and the Governor-general is
expected to implement them with the help of other officials who were placed in cities
and provinces they created. Other power wielders aside from the datu were replaced.
Such was the case of the babaylan and katalanon who once played an important role in
the barangay - to connect to the spirit realm and give guidance to the people.
With the introduction of the Catholic faith, new doctrines were followed through
the leadership of the Spanish friars. The traditional customs and traditions were also
changed. The newfound faith became the basis for the new morality. Almost everyone
in the islands, as far as the colonizers were able to reach, has voluntarily (but there
were also forced) followed the new norm. They are now reciting prayers that they don’t
even understand, trying to speak the language which they were not freely allowed to
speak, wear clothes that were not their usual style, adopt names and later on surnames
that the meanings were not known to them. Even their freedom to choose where to
build their houses were not spared. In a process called reduccion, these houses were
arranged like those found in European towns for easy access and governance of the
colonizers.

While these institutions introduced by the Spaniards may have brought

development to the people and the islands, one could not deny the abuses made to the
people. Even in the early years of Spanish colonization, there were friars like Salazar
who reported to the King how the officials were badly treating the natives. They would
collect unlawful amounts of tribute, and other sorts of corrupt practices which has
burdened the native population throughout the years.
Sporadic revolts would be staged all over the islands but they were just confined in their
provinces or towns. All these revolts were not strong enough to cause the Spanish
government to collapse until K.K.K came.

A reform group led by people from the upper class or ilustrado like Jose Rizal,
Marcelo H. del Pilar and Graciano Lopez Jaena to name a few was formed around ten

2 | GERPH, MODULE 2 LESSON 2

years before the Katipunan. The reformist wanted to campaign for equality with the
Spaniards by proposing that the Philippines be adopted as a province despite the
distance. They have operated in Spain as most of their members were there either to
study or has escaped to safety after campaigning in the Philippines. The Reformist’s
cause however will not be given ample attention by the government.

In 1892, a secret society called the Kataastaasan Kagalanggalangang Katipunan

ng mga Anak ng Bayan or KKK will be established with the mission to free the country
from the Spaniards. This was founded by in the house of Deodato Arellano and with him
were Andres Bonifacio, Teodora Plata, Ladislao Diwa, and Valentin Diaz. It attracted
different kinds of people - educated, working class and even women alike. These
people have identified with their common goal of establishing a government that is free
from the hardships that they were experiencing from the Spaniards.

The Kartilya written by Emilio Jacinto is one of the few documents produced by
KKK. As a primer, it not only contains rules and reminders on how to conduct
themselves as Katipunan members but encourages the people to follow in order to
achieve their ideal society where there is freedom from the abuses by the Spaniards.

Now that you have read the first lesson, you are ready to take on this next topic
on your own.
Read the full text of the Kartilya by clicking on the link http://www.kasaysayan-
kkk.info/membership-documents/emilio-jacinto-katipunan-nang-manga-a-n-b---sa-may-
nasang-makisanib-sa-katipunang-ito-the-kartilya Manga Aral Nang Katipunan Ng Mga
A.N.B

Follow the methods used in analyzing historical sources below:

 Background of the author

 Historical background of the document

 Content presentation and analysis of the important historical information of the

document

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  Contribution and relevance of the document in understanding the grand

narrative of Philippine history

 Learning experiences

Prepare a PowerPoint presentation for your answer and submit it to the common
folder for your section in Google Drive.

Activity 1 Read the qualifications for the Philippine President and Legislators below.
With the next election just around the corner, imagine that you are in the position to
revise these qualifications for the2022 candidates. Using the Kartilya as a guide, make
a 3-minute VLOG discussing these qualifications. Upload your video in the LM
RUBRICS
THE PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES SENATOR
CATEGORY SCORE Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
QUALIFICATIONS 15pts The qualifications to become a senator,
10 pts as
5pts
stipulated in the constitution, are:
The qualifications for an individual aspiring
A. CONTENT
to become the President of the Philippines  a natural-born citizen of the
are outlined in Article VII, Section 2 of the Philippines;
1. Originality of
1987 Constitution. / 15
According Vlog
to theshows original  Vlog
at least thirty-five
is similar with years old;is a copied
Vlog
concept concept  other
is works
able to read and from other works
write
constitution, an individual may become
President provided he meets the following  a registered voter; and
2. Kartilya
criteria:Values /15 All Kartilya values are  Mentioned
a resident 7ofvalues
the Philippines for not 3
Mentioned
incorporated seen in the video (13) less
fromthan
the two years before
Kartilya election
values from the
day. Kartilya

 natural born Filipino; CONGRESSMAN

 a registered
B. TECHNICA voter;
SCORE Level 3 Level 2 Level 1
 a natural-born citizen of the
L  must be able to read and write;15pts 10 pts 5pts
Philippines;
 40 years of age at the day of the
Video is properly edited  Video
at least twenty-five years old;
is properly Raw video
1. Creativity election; and where ideas are edited where ideas
 is able to read and write; and
 Edit  must have resided
/15 in the
organized; used are organized
background music  except the party-list
 Organization
Philippines ten years before the
of
ideas representatives, a registered voter
election is held.
and a resident for at least one year
in the district where s/he shall be
Vlog played for 3-whole Vlog played for 2 Vlog played for

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2. Time bound /15 minutes minutes 1minute

3. On time /15 Uploaded in the LMS on Uploaded in the LMS Uploaded in the
time a day after the LMS two days
deadline after the deadline

TOTAL /75

Activity 2
Select one Kartilya value which you like and explain how it relates to your personal life.
Write your answer on the box.

Answer the assessment which will be sent to you using Google Forms. Make
sure to accomplish this before the next meeting.

Resources

 Emilio Jacinto, “Kartila ng Katipunan” in http://www.kasaysayan-kkk.info/membership-

documents/emilio-jacinto-katipunan-nang-manga-a-n-b---sa-may-nasang-makisanib-sa-
katipunang-ito-the-kartilya

 The Legislative Branch https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/the-legislative-

branch/

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 The Executive Branch https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/about/gov/exec/

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