Bacolor CLUP 2016 2025 FINAL EDITION 1

COMPREHENSIVE 2016 -
incorporating
LAND USE PLAN 2025
CLIMATE CHANGE
VULNERABILITY
AND
DISASTER RISK
ASSESSMENT
COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN &

Zoning Ordinance of BACOLOR
2016 - 2025
MUNICIPAL PLANNING
& DEVELOPMENT
OFFICE
Bacolor, Pampanga
1
LAND USE PLAN 2025
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Messages
Acknowledgement
Executive Summary
CHAPTER 1 9
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Plan

Legal Mandates and Policies
Relationship with National & Provincial
Plans and Programs
The Planning Area
Development Challenges
CHAPTER 2 16
ECO-PROFILE OF BACOLOR 16
Demography
Population
Social Sector 28
Education
Health and Nutrition
Cemeteries and Memorial Parks
Solid Waste
Housing
Social Welfare
Protective Services
Economic Sector 50
Agriculture
Industry and Commerce
Tourism
Infrastructure Sector. 59
Transportation Network
Public Transportation
Traffic Volume
Flood Control and Drainage
Power Supply
Water Supply
Communication
Environment and Natural Resources Sector 67
Agriculture and Fisheries Resources
Soil Types
COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 2

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Rivers and Wetlands

Mineral Resources
Institutional Sector 72
Institutional Development
The Municipal Bureaucracy
Public Finance
Annual Budget
Revenues and IRA
Land Use Sector 77
Physical & Geographic Features
Location
Barangays of Bacolor & Land Area
Landform, Elevation and Slope
Soil
Climate
Drainage
Groundwater
CHAPTER 3 88
DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS & CHALLENGES
LAND ISSUES AND CONCERNS 88

Land Use Problems
Land Use Potentials
DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS 89
Resettled Population and Level
of Intent to Return to Bacolor
Education
Health
Housing
Social Welfare
ECONOMIC ISSUES AND CONCERNS 91
Agriculture and Fisheries
Commerce and Industry
Tourism
INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES AND CONCERNS 92
Power Supply
Water Supply
Communication
INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS 93
Organizational and Linkages Issues
Systems and Capability Building Issues
Public Finance
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CHAPTER 4 95
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND

DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT 95
Sediments from Mt. Pinatubo Eruption
Pasig-Potrero River
Flooding
Lahar Flow
Contingency Plan
CHAPTER 5 119
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
VISION STATEMENT 119
OVERALL PHYSICAL STRATEGY AND LAND USE PLAN
Development Thrusts
PHYSICAL/SPATIAL STRATEGIES 120
Organic (Unplanned) Strategy
Central and Nodal Physical Strategy
Bi-nodal Infilling Physical Strategy
SELECTED PHYSICAL STRATEGY 127
LAND USE PLAN 129
Strategic Issue
Land Use Planning Objectives
Alternative Strategies
PROJECTED URBAN SPACE DEMAND AND SUPPLY 131
GENERAL LAND USE PLAN
Existing 131
Proposed 135
URBAN LAND USE DIVERSITY 144
Poblacion to Cabalantian Area
San Isidro – Macabacle – Magliman Area
Calibutbut-Maliwalu Area
INFRA-STRUCTURE GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 146
Projected Development Needs
Water Supply
Power Supply
Communication Network
ENVIRONMENTAL AND DISASTER
RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT 150
Assessment of Vision – Reality Gaps
Programs, Projects and Activities

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Agriculture and Fisheries Resources Development Program

Urban Environmental Quality Management Program
Disaster Risk Reduction Management Framework
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS,
OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 158
SOCIAL SECTOR PLAN
Demand Projection by 2025 -2030
for Social Services
Health
Housing
Social Welfare
DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 163
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
Education
Health
Housing
Social Welfare
Sports and Recreation
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOALS,
OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 165
Key Objectives
COMPETITIVE GROWTH CENTER
PRODUCTIVE AND SUSTAINABLE
AGRO-PROCESSING SECTOR
DYNAMIC LEARNING AND TOURIST CENTER
POTENTIAL ECONOMIC GROWTH CENTERS
Central Business District/Poblacion
Growth Expansion Center
Growth Corridor
Agriculture District
Development Programs, Projects and Activities
INSTITUTIONAL GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES 167
Public Finance
ZONING ORDINANCE of BACOLOR 170

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The re-crafting of Bacolor Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) is to help the
municipality of Bacolor rise and re-build after being inundated by lahar as a result
of the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. Providing a significant assistance in preparing the
Plan is The Bacolor Comprehensive Rehabilitation Master Plan (BCRMP) which
was formulated in 2008 by virtue of Republic Act No. 9506 or the Bacolor
Rehabilitation Council Act and the two previous CLUPs of the municipality
covering the periods from 2002 to 2013.
While the municipality has since shown signs of ‘life’ with population and
commerce having slowly picked up, much still remains to be done in the
municipality’s rehabilitation. Hence, the need to update the previous plans and
identify measures that would expedite Bacolor’s development.
The overall approach in preparing the Bacolor CLUP included the following; a)
the updating of the town’s socio-economic and ecological profile. Such profile
was prepared to be a detailed documentation and validation of the extent of the
damage and destruction brought about by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. In
addition to this, assessment of the sectoral situation of Bacolor was undertaken,
highlighting sectoral issues and concerns, identification of opportunities and
potentials and refinement of current rehabilitation priorities, b) identification of
priority sectors and development areas and, c) formulation of feasible re-
habilitation efforts/plans. Beyond the formulation of socio-economic and
ecological profile and the identification of sectoral and spatial priorities, Bacolor’s
CLUP included development and rehabilitation strategies, prioritization of
programs and projects and a resource mobilization fund.
The challenges that Bacolor faces in its re-habilitation efforts remain in place
despite several interventions that have been implemented in the past . These
include: 1) institutionalization of disaster preparedness and mitigation measures
against the ever present risk of flooding and lahar remobilizations brought about
by the dike system wherein Bacolor is enclosed, 2) reconstruction and
rehabilitation of Bacolor’s basic infrastructure such as its road network, flood
control and drainage system and its health and educational facilities, 3) provision
of assistance for appropriate livelihood projects, 4) rehabilitation of vast tracts of
farmlands and the town’s other natural resources which have remained idle since
the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo and 5) strengthening of the governance capacity in
the areas of fiscal management, mobilization of resources, planning and
investment promotion.
The Vision Statement of Bacolor provides the direction and the mental picture
towards which the town and its residents are aspiring to go to. Prepared in the
early 2016, it reads, “We envision Bacolor as the premier center of Kapampangan
arts and culture, history and education, inhabited by a God centered, resilient and
empowered citizenry living in a safe and friendly environment, governed by a

LAND USE PLAN 2025
transparent, efficient, consultative, full of wisdom and strong-willed leadership

moving towards a competitive and dynamic center for agricultural, agro-industrial,
commercial, residential and residential and sustainable human development.”
This Vision Statement envisions Bacolor to serve not only as the logistics center
of the Province, providing its food and manpower services but as a center of
cultural interest and influence. It also provides a clear picture of the aspirations
of its people in terms of the municipality’s role in relation to the province and the
region as well as the five major elements, namely the quality of the people, the
nature of the local economy, the state of the natural environment, the condition of
the built environment and the capability of the local leadership.
In looking for a guide that will accelerate there-development of Bacolor, three

spatial strategies namely, organic (unplanned) development, central and nodal
strategy and bi-nodal infilling strategy were considered. Chosen was the bi-nodal
infilling strategy as it offers the most preferred approach mainly because of the
following reasons, 1) it takes into account the challenges posed by natural
hazards, 2) it recognizes the unevenness in the levels of development and
intensity of land use in the different nodes that has led to the conceptualization of
an infilling scheme and a bi-polar development focus for the municipality, 3) it is
outward looking and capitalizes on development opportunities offered by next
door municipalities and cities and 4) if promotes dispersion of development to the
rural and inner areas and tying them up with the three development nodes of the
City of San Fernando, Angeles City and Metro Clark.
Bacolor’s CLUP seriously takes into account the destruction brought about by Mt
Pinatubo’s eruption and as such emphasizes the need for infrastructure
interventions to pave the way for its residents to return and to ensure the safety
and protection specially of urban and built up areas against flooding and lahar
remobilizations. Ideally, engineering interventions must be in place immediately in
the short term but the reality is that resources are not unlimited. This is the
reason why Bacolor’s CLUP is strategic in character, i.e., it is premised on the
assumption that not all infrastructure investments can be financially feasible to be
implemented at the same time rather they must be phased and prioritized. The
land use plan presented in the CLUP is based on this assumption.
The proposed general land use plan derived from the GIS digital technique and
overlay land evaluation where physical and cultural attributes of the study area
are taken into account. In the delineation of different urban and non-urban land
use categories, the environmental condition of the town as drastically re-shaped
by a grave natural calamity weighed in the planning process.
A list of projects to be implemented in the planning period, arranged by sector
and by lead implementing agency and with cost estimates may be found in the
last chapter of this CLUP.
The Zoning Map, made real through the Zoning Ordinance, illustrates what types
of land uses have been designated within the municipality.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Bacolor’s CLUP specifically contains the strategies the Municipality shall ensure
would be pursued for its development, and the attendant programs and projects
to be implemented within the next six years, from 2016 to 2025.
Through this Plan and the concerted efforts and valuable contribution of the
stakeholders, hopes are high for Bacolor to finally move towards full recovery,
regain its vibrancy and rise to develop into one of Pampanga’s progressive
communities. The attainment of this goal is made more significant by its proximity
to the Metro Clark area, which is one of the fastest growing regional metropolitan
centers in the country today.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

OF BACOLOR 2016-2025
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE PLAN
Overview and Rationale
A Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) is a long-term plan that translates into spatial and land use terms
the requirements of the social, physical, economic, environmental, and institutional sectors in a given
locality. In it are specific proposals to guide and regulate local development and translate these into
spatial dimensions, allocate various sectoral land requirements, and include in land use map the factors
indicating the socially desired mix of land uses and a set of policies to guide future development. Through
their respective local development councils, local government units (LGUs) are mandated to prepare their
CLUP.
Angeles City
Republic Act No. 9729 and Republic Act No. 10121, lay down the
Calibutbut
0 0.5 1
µ
1:68,839
2 3
Kilometers
basis for the regular updating of the CLUP. Another new feature of
the CLUP, in compliance with the mandates of these laws, is the
Mexico
Geographic Coordinate System:

GCS_Luzon_1911
Datum:
D_Luzon_1911
integration/mainstreaming of a climate change and disaster risk
reduction and management plan.
Porac
Prepared by:
NEDA 3 GIS Team
Maliwalu
City of San Fernando
This CLUP takes off from the two previous (2002-2007 & 2008-
2013) CLUPs of the municipality and the Bacolor Comprehensive
Potrero Dolores
Balas
Rehabilitation Master Plan, a planning document to guide the

San Isidro
Concepcion
Duat
Bacolor
San Antonio
Magliman
rehabilitation efforts of Bacolor, undertaken by UP PLANADES Inc.,

Macabacle
Santa Rita
Parulog
a nonstock, non-profit foundation engaged in research,
Sta. Barbara
Legend San Vicente

Cabalantian
consultancy and extension services, academic development and
Class
Bacolor Barangay Boundary Cabambangan
Sta. Ines
Mesalipit
Santo Tomas
training in environmental, urban and regional planning and related
Agri/cropland
Built-up
Inland water/fishpond
Cabetican
Tinajero
Talba
disciplines.
Guagua
Sand/lahar deposit
Tropical grass/ Clearing Minalin
Lubao
The overall purpose in updating the CLUP of Bacolor is to provide a
basic guide in the physical and socio-economic rehabilitation (post
Pinatubo) and rational growth of the municipality through the identification of key physical, social and
economic interventions and attraction of public and private investments.
LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICIES
The 1987 Philippine Constitution, which guarantees the promotion of a balanced and healthful ecology,
serves as the primary legal basis for the preparation of the CLUP by the LGUs. As the fundamental law, the
1987 Constitution provides for the framework for the management of environment and natural resources
to which all other Philippine statutes and legislation must conform. The specific provisions on national
economy and patrimony are particularly relevant to the management of land resources as it declares that

LAND USE PLAN 2025
the State has full control and supervision over the exploration, development, and utilization of natural
resources. The Constitution also provides for the classification of lands and characterizes the use of land as
having a social function.
The CLUP, implemented through a zoning ordinance, takes the form of a regulatory instrument as an
implement of the police power of the State. At the local government level, the LGUs are mandated by the
Local Government Code of 1991, otherwise known as Republic Act No. 7160, to formulate a CLUP as the
primary basis for the future use of land resources with emphasis on the requirements for food production,
human settlements, and industrial expansion. This is pursuant to the responsibility of the LGUs to promote
the general welfare and protect public interest in their respective territories as clearly stated in the
general welfare clause of the Local Government Code of 1991.
Republic Act No. 7279 (Urban Development and Housing Act of 1992) refers to land use plan as “the
rational approach of allocating available land resources as equitably as possible among competing user
groups and for different functions consistent with the local development plan area”. The process of land
use planning, as defined in Republic Act No. 10121, refers to “the process undertaken by public authorities
to identify, evaluate and decide on different options for the use of land, including consideration of long-
term economic, social and environmental objectives and the implications for different communities and
interest groups, and the subsequent formulation and promulgation of plans that describe the permitted or
acceptable uses”.
The new challenge to the LGUs in the preparation of their respective CLUPs is the enactment of two
important laws namely Republic Act No. 9729 (Climate Change Act of 2009) and Republic Act No. 10121
(Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010). The Climate Change Act of 2009, in
recognition of its critical role in climate change adaptation and mitigation, designates LGUs as the frontline
agencies in the formulation, planning, and implementation of climate change action plans. The same law
calls for the mainstreaming of climate change adaptation and mitigation in both national and local plans.
Republic Act No. 10121 likewise mandates the integration/mainstreaming of disaster risk reduction into
the CLUP of the LGUs.
RELATIONSHIP WITH NATIONAL and PROVINCIAL PLANS AND PROGRAMS
In the preparation of the CLUP, the need to have complementarity links with higher level plans is of
utmost consideration. The CLUP of Bacolor, therefore, must be in synergy with the National Physical
Framework Plan, the Regional Physical Framework Plan and the Provincial Framework Plan. This is to
ensure its integration in all levels of the development process. While it is linked with higher level plans, it
must also be localized, that is, local conditions and situations are taken into consideration in the
preparation of a CLUP that complements the National Physical Framework Plan. The same vertical
integration has to be firmly emphasized in the CLUP’s relationship with the Provincial Physical Framework
Plan of the Province of Pampanga. This is of particular importance considering that the review and
approval of the CLUP of Bacolor is lodged with the Provincial Land Use Committee of Pampanga.
The National Framework for Physical Planning 2001-2030

provides the analytical parameters for the planned allocation,
use and management of the country’s land and other physical
resources. This will serve as a framework through which the
planning and management of these resources are guided at
the national and regional levels. In the updating of the CLUP
of Bacolor, the following principles as identified in the NFPP
will be considered and serve as guides:
• Food security
• Environmental Stability and Ecological Integrity

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• Rational Urban development

• Spatial Integration
• Equitable access to physical and natural resources
• Private-public sector partnership
• People empowerment
• Recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples
• Market orientation
The vision statement of Central Luzon reads as;
“To have globally competitive human resources, a highly productive and profitable agricultural sector,
self-propelling LGUs ably supported by the national government, seamless and integrated physical
access and trans-shipment and logistics hub in the Asia-Pacific Region, a favored international
convention center and tourist destination, a developed industrial heartland in Southeast Asia and a
model of sustainable utilization and management of forest and mineral resources”
And contained in the Central Luzon Regional Physical

Framework Plan 2005-2030 serves as a guide to
decisions on how land and natural resources may be
put to the most beneficial use for the people and, at
the same time, indicates how such resources may be
managed and conserved for the benefit of present
and future generations of the population.
Likewise considered is the Provincial Development

and Physical Framework Plan of the Province of
Pampanga with its vision:
“We envision Pampanga as a prosperous and

competitive province and a home to resilient
communities and environment, where every
Kapampangan enjoys fullness of life nurtured by a
synergized good governance and responsible
citizenry; and an efficient and effective public-
private partnership.”
In particular, the Province has the following 12 point development agenda:
 Good governance
 Attractive investment climate
 Adequate infrastructure support
 Poverty alleviation
 Peace and order and public safety
 Tourism promotion and development
 Promotion of public-private partnership
 Social justice and equality
 Sustainable quality health services
 Equal access to quality education
 Environmental sustainability and disaster resiliency
 Kapampangan culture, arts and heritage conservation and promotion
The CLUP of Bacolor is focused on the comprehensive rehabilitation of the town’s physical, socio-
economic and cultural dimensions considering its devastation after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. The focal

LAND USE PLAN 2025
points it seeks to pursue are well within the development agenda of the national, regional, and provincial
planning frameworks.
Its vision reads as:
“ We envision Bacolor as the premier center of Kapampangan arts and culture, history and education,
inhabited by a God centered, resilient and empowered citizenry living in a safe and friendly
environment, governed by a transparent, efficient, consultative, full of wisdom and strong-willed
leadership moving towards a competitive and dynamic center for agricultural, agro-industrial,
commercial, residential and sustainable human development.
THE PLANNING AREA
Figure 1. Location of Bacolor
Located in the central plain of the province of Pampanga, the municipality of Bacolor has a total land area
of 7,110 hectares, composed of twenty-one (21) barangays.
Historical records show that Bacolor has been in

existence as prosperous ancient settlement as early as
1571. In 1576, a local landlord, Guillermo Manabat,
established the pueblo of Bacolor based on this ancient
settlement called “Baculud”. It was the Augustinian
friars who were assigned to the town that chose San
Guillermo Ermitaño (St William the Hermit) as the
town’s patron saint and in honor of the town’s founder.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Strategically located, the town being at the crossroads between Guagua, Macabebe, Lubao, Porac and
Mexico made the national government establish the provincial capital here in 1755 until its transfer to the
newly created town of San Fernando in 1903.
When the Bristish navy captured Manila in 1762, Gen Simon de Anda y Salazar moved to Bacolor and
made it the Spanish seat of government until 1764. During this period, the King of Spain through a royal
decree renamed the town to Villa de Bacolor and bestowed it with a special coat of arms with the motto
Pluribus Unum, Non Plus Ultra.
The material prosperity of Bacolor gave its people time to devote their efforts and wealth to things artistic
and spiritual. In the 18th century, Bacolor was being referred to as the “Athens of Pampanga” with the rise
into prominence of its poets, writers, painters, musicians, sculptors and other artists. Prominent among
these literary geniuses were Crisostomo Soto whose volume of literary work should put him in
Shakespeare’s league, Padre Anselmo Jorge de Fajardo who wrote an 832-page stage play, the longest
work in Philippine literature entitled, Comedia Heroica de la Conquistda de Granada, zarzuela writer
Mariano Proceso Pabalan Byron and dramatist Felix Galura.
The town suffered massive damage in the wake of the 1991 eruption of Mt. Pinatubo which spewed
billions of cubic meters of ash and volcanic debris. Almost the entire municipality of Bacolor covered by
several feet of lahar. Most of the lahar deposits were contained within the mega dike structure that
enclosed the municipality. In the meantime, thousands of families lost their homes, properties and some,
their lives.
The town’s devastation is evidenced by the following indicators:
a. Demographic Conditions
The series of lahar episodes during the 1991-1995 period forced the majority of the town’s population to
seek refuge in various resettlement sites provided by government and private institutions. Although no
official count of the number of people who left the municipality exists, based on estimates of the local
government unit (LGU), the population of Bacolor was placed at around 30,000 in January 2008, a huge
drop from the 1990 population of around 70,000. Although there are indications that ex-residents of the
municipality are returning, the labor absorptive capacity of the town’s economic base remains to be poor.
b. Economic Conditions
The municipality’s economy is basically agricultural with farming and fishing as the main sources of
livelihood. Prior to the Mt. Pinatubo eruption, the agricultural land area of Bacolor totaled 5,331 hectares
that includes rivers, creeks and swamps used for fishponds. Currently, only 1,978 hectares are in
productive usage. The balance of 3,353 hectares has yet to be fully rehabilitated. Similarly, the
performance of the trade and industry sector has likewise generally declined. With the exception of retail
(mostly sari-sari stores) the number of large business establishments in the area has decreased.
c. Social Conditions
Access to social services, such as health and education, although better in recent years, has continued to
be difficult. Public schools have been relocated in resettlement areas, but destruction of some of these
schools had resulted in the displacement of a large number of pupils and students in the aftermath of the
eruption. At the same time, the delivery of health services has become more difficult given an expanded
geographic coverage due to the relocation of a large number of families in resettlement sites. There is
only one 25-bed capacity hospital located in a resettlement site, and serving mostly resettled households.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
d. Natural Resources
Also an adverse effect of the eruption is the damage on the town’s natural resources. Although no data
exist at the municipal level, the damage is evident in the considerable decrease in the area coverage of
farming and reforestation activities in the region as a whole beyond the forest cover enveloped by the
pyroclastic materials. As of 1992, total forest lands with existing vegetation or forest cover in the region
totaled more than 363,000 hectares. This figure declined to 202,000 hectares in 1995, or a reduction of
about 44 percent. Based on the actual reforested area in 1996 and 1997, forest cover was estimated to be
about 210,000, a 42 percent reduction from the 1992 level.
e. Hazards and Risks
But nowhere is the damage to Bacolor more evident than in its continued exposure to two main hazards:
frequent flooding and lahar flows. These hazards have caused considerable destruction to infrastructure
such as roads, flood control structures as well as health and educational facilities. These two hazards are
characterized by rapid onsets leaving the vulnerable population little time of forewarning. The man-
introduced structures (e.g., the dikes) related to the rehabilitation have influenced the vulnerability of
specific areas in the municipality.
It has been observed, for instance, that the town’s exposure to natural hazards results from its having
been enclosed by the FVR Mega-dike.
f. Governance Capacity
Beyond all these problems is the need to further strengthen governance capacity. Such capacity needs
improvement especially in the areas of planning, investment decisions, resource mobilization and fiscal
management. Capacity building efforts must be carried out to further strengthen the local government
bureaucracy.
DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES
The Mt. Pinatubo Commission (created under RA 7637), was the lead national agency that assisted the
victims in the communities damaged by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. The Commission extended help by
providing resettlement, rehabilitation of agricultural lands, provision of livelihood opportunities, and
undertaking construction, repair and/or reconstruction of infrastructure. A total of Php 17.7 billion was
invested in infrastructure from 1991-1996 to include the Php. 2.77 billion Pasig-Protrero Outer Dike
(otherwise referred to as the FVR Mega-dike). Reforestation activities and rehabilitation of agricultural
lands were undertaken. Some Php 3.6 billion was released to provide livelihood opportunities for lahar
victims, including Bacolor residents. Access to health and education services was improved through the
relocation of facilities in resettlement sites.
Other institutions provided assistance to the rehabilitation effort as well. The Province of Pampanga, for
instance, responded to the adverse effects of the Mt Pinatubo eruption through various projects
amounting to about Php 163 million.
Despite these interventions, however, many of the development problems and challenges remain. The
problems and challenges that continue to face the municipality include the following:
 Ensuring preparedness and institution of mitigation measures against the ever present risk of
flooding and lahar flows;
 Rehabilitation and restoration of the productivity of vast agricultural lands which have remained
idle since the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo;
 Rehabilitation of forest and other natural resources;

LAND USE PLAN 2025
 Reconstruction and repair of basic infrastructures such as roads, flood control and drainage, as
well as health and educational facilities;
 Provision of support and assistance packages for various livelihood projects and opportunities;
 Strengthening of governance capacity especially in the areas of planning, investment decisions,
resource mobilization and fiscal management.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
CHAPTER 2
ECO-PROFILE OF BACOLOR
DEMOGRAPHY
This section presents the current profile of the different sub-sectors in the social services sector and, as
much as possible, compares the current situation versus the state and level of service before Pinatubo’s
eruption.
The analysis of the social sector took into consideration the problems and issues that address the
provision of basic social needs and requirements of the Municipality. The current gaps on service provision
versus prescribed standards given the number of current population were analyzed together with a
consideration of somewhat unique conditions in this sector (for example, the provision of social services
to resettled population).
The gaps were verified via remarks made by the local stakeholders during the workshops and
consultations conducted by the planning team and through the issues, concerns and constraints identified
by the municipality in various planning documents. The existing programs, projects and activities per sub-
sector were likewise presented and were naturally considered in preparing the sectoral development
plans.
The following figure (Figure 1.1) illustrates the different sub-sectors which will be discussed under this
section.
Social Sector
Health Education Housing
Protective Services Social Welfare
Fig. 1.1 Social Sector and Sub-sectors
POPULATION
Total Population by Age Group and Sex
As of 2015, the Municipality of Bacolor is home to

a population of 39,460 residents. This accounted
for only 1.8 percent of the Province of Pampanga.
Before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, the
municipality used to contribute 4.38 percent and
1.08 percent of the total population of Pampanga

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and Region III, respectively.

While the population has steady increased after the massive evacuation which followed Mt. Pinatubo’s
eruption, when as much as 81% of the population moved or were resettled outside the municipal
boundaries, this latest figure represents only 37.5% of the pre-Pinatubo population. From an annual
decline rate of 27.90% in the five years immediately following the eruption, the population started to
recover starting in the period 1995 to 2000, when it grew at around 4.28% annually, and in the period
2000 up to 2007, where it grew at 6.59% annually, much higher than the national and provincial growth
rates of 2.04% and 2.32%, respectively. From 2010-2015, the increase in population was a steady rate of
5% annually. This may be an indication of either in-migration to the new residential developments in the
northern barangays or the arrival of previously displaced/resettled residents back to their hometown, or
both. The repopulation of the municipality, however, has yet to return to its pre-Pinatubo level.
Table 2.1 Population and Percentage Share to Provincial and Regional

Population, Bacolor , 1990-2015
Bacolor Percent Share

Year
Population Pampanga Region
2015 39,460 1.79 0.35
2010 31,508 1.35 0.33
2007 25,238 1.32 0.26
2000 16,147 0.99 0.20
1995 13,097 0.93 0.18
1990 67,228 4.38 1.08
Source: NSO, 2015
In terms of gender distribution, Bacolor males outnumber the females with a sex ratio of 103 males for
every 100 females, which mirror the national and provincial figures.
Table 2.2 Population Composition by Sex, 2015
Year Population Male Female
2007 25,238 12,854 12,384
2000 16,147 8,224 7,923
2010 31,508 16,041 15,467
2015 39,460 20,082 19,378

Note: 2015 distribution derived from 2010 NSO Population Census
In terms of age distribution, Bacolor has a relatively young population (Table 2.3). In 2015, the working age
population (15-64 years old) accounted for 63% of the total population, while those aged 0 to 14 made up
33% and those 65 and above, 4%.

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Table 2.3 Population Distribution by Age and Sex, 2007, 2010 & 2015
2007 2010 2015

Age
Group
Both Male Female Both Male Female Both Male Female
Under 1 592 322 270 739 402 337 925 499 426
1-4 2,210 1,124 1,086 2,764 1,405 1,719 3,455 1,757 1698
5-9 2,745 1,347 1,397 3,426 1,681 1,745 4,291 2,096 2,195
10-14 2,710 1,369 1,341 3,384 1,709 1,675 4,237 2,144 2,039
15-19 2,609 1,355 1,254 3,260 1,693 1,567 4,056 2,106 1,950
20-24 2,554 1,358 1,196 3,189 1,695 1,494 3,993 2,123 1870
25-29 2,154 1,097 1,057 2,689 1,369 1,320 3,367 1,714 1653
30-34 2,080 1,082 999 2,596 1,350 1,246 3,252 1,691 1561
35-39 1,643 871 772 2,051 1,087 964 2,568 1,361 1207
40-44 1,436 721 716 1,793 900 893 2,287 1,148 1139
45-49 1,224 622 602 1,528 776 752 1,913 972 941
50-54 1,096 524 572 1,368 654 714 1,703 814 889
55-59 613 316 297 765 394 371 958 493 465
60-64 580 284 295 724 354 370 906 443 463
65-69 361 189 172 450 235 215 564 295 269
70-74 267 133 134 333 165 198 417 207 210
75-79 181 70 111 221 85 136 282 109 173
80 – over 183 70 113 228 87 141 286 110 176
Total 25,238 12,854 12,384 31,508 16,041 15,467 39,460 20,082 19,378
Source: Mun. Local Civil Registrar
Figure 2. Population Pyramid (Distribution by Age and Sex), 2015

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 3. Population Pyramid (Distribution by Age and Sex), 2015

Working Age, School Age Population and Dependency Ratio
There were a total of 25,003 working age population based on 2015 data compared to an estimated
19,963 working age individuals in 2010. Bacolor’s total dependency ratio as of 2015 was registered at 0.58.
This means that 52 child and 6 year old dependents for every 100 persons in the working population age
group. The total number of dependents in 2010 was 11,545 and 14,457 in 2015.
Using Sprague multiplier, the distribution of the school-going population was estimated for years 2010
and 2015. The school-going population for 2015 was extrapolated from age cohorts data from the 2010
census using participation rate method.
Table 2.4 Population Composition by Working Age, School-Age, Dependent Age, Bacolor, 2010 – 2015
Age Group 2010 2015
1. Total School Going Population 9,196 11,164
Pre-school (3-5) 1,764 1,910

Elementary (6-12) 2,596 3,218
Secondary (13-16) 2,445 3,042
Tertiary (17-21) 2,391 2,994
2. Total Working Age (15-64) 19,963 25,003
3. Total Dependent population 11,545 14,457
Child (0-14) 10,313 12,908

Old (65 and over) 1,232 1,549
Source: NSO 2010 and 2015
Population Distribution

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Bacolor’s population before the

eruption of Mt. Pinatubo was
unevenly distributed among its 21
barangays. Back then, the heaviest
concentration of population was in
Barangay Cabalantian which
accounted for 11,150 or 16.58% of
the total population. This was
followed by San Vicente (9.48%),
San Antonio (8.50%), Tinajero
(7.45%) and Cabetican (7.23%). The
total population of these five most
populous barangays accounted for
almost half of the population. The
least populated barangays were
Mesalipit (0.84%) and Macabacle
(1.48%) each with population less
than one thousand.
In 2007, the Municipality of Bacolor has registered a total population of 25,238. This was followed by a
population count of 31,508 in 2010. In 2015, its population increased by 25.2%, registering 39,460
residents. Heaviest concentration

of population is in barangay
Calibutbut with 12,048 persons or
30.53% of the total population
followed by San Isidro with 5,703
persons or 14.45% and
Cabalantian with 4,466 persons or
11.32% of the total population.
The following table provides the
distribution of population in
different barangays before and
after the eruption of Mt.
Pinatubo.
Table 2.5 Population Distribution, 2000-2015 and Urbanization Levels

Barangay 2000 2007 2010 2015 Rural/Urban
Balas 0 171 218 239 Rural

Cabalantian 1,109 2,878 3,164 4,466 Rural*
Cabambangan (Pob.) 136 358 656 615 Urban
Cabetican 1,702 2,675 3,005 3,486 Rural*

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Calibutbut 4,662 6,114 9,320 12,048 Urban

Concepcion 10 145 118 160 Rural
Dolores 209 283 412 544 Rural
Duat 0 277 324 210 Rural
Macabacle 927 622 808 780 Rural
Magliman 1,280 1,595 2,120 2,516 Rural
Maliwalu 0 695 1,013 1,203 Rural
Mesalipit 372 384 122 191 Rural
Parulog 53 260 696 656 Rural
Potrero 0 192 139 350 Rural
San Antonio 74 610 396 747 Rural
San Isidro 3,584 4,218 5,041 5,703 Rural*
San Vicente 1,501 1,569 1,796 2,643 Urban
Santa Barbara 32 719 791 1,061 Rural
Santa Ines 478 745 784 1,112 Urban
Talba 0 209 36 135 Rural
Tinajero 18 519 549 955 Rural
Bacolor 16,147 25,238 31,508 39,460
*With portions that are partly urban
Source: CLUP 2008-13, Urban/rural classification based on 2000 CPH, Report No. 4 Urban Population, National Statistics Office,
June 2010.
Urban and Rural Population
From the recent census data, of the municipality’s 21 barangays, only Cabambangan, Calibutbut, San
Vicente and Sta. Ines are designated as urban areas while Cabetican, Cabalantian and San Isidro as areas
showing signs of becoming urban barangays in the next few years. Of those classified as urban, only
Calibutbut is not located in or near the Poblacion district. The urban population accounts for 41.61% of the
total population. While the rate of population growth in the last 15 census years has been rapid (9.6%),
the Municipality remains agriculture-based, with the remaining 17 barangays categorized as rural areas. In
the last survey, the rural barangays contributed a sizeable 58.39% of the Municipality’s total population.
The top 5 populated rural barangays are San Isidro, Cabalantian, Cabetican, Magliman and San Vicente.
Except for Calibutbut, the populations of these five rural barangays were larger than that of the urban
barangays. This could be attributed to the availability of land for residential use in the rural compared to
the urban barangays. The level of urbanization of Bacolor was pegged at 35%, considered as partly urban.
Number of Households and Household Size
Compared to the data of 2000, there was a 36 percent increase in the number of households in 2007. This
means that as of 2007, there were 4,735 households in Bacolor, with an estimated household size of 5.33.
A significant 43 percent increase was seen in the rural households, as compared to a 23 percent increase
for the urban households. In 2015, 7,403 households were registered or an increase of 56 % from 2007,
which may be an indication of a literal return to the roots (agricultural location), and may be insightful in
crafting strategies to repopulate the municipality.
Population Density
Pre-Pinatubo data shows that the population density then was highest in and around the town’s center
Barangay Cabambangan. The smallest of thebarangays, Cabambangan occupied only 27.98 hectares but is
the location of the Municipal Hall, the town public market, the Don Honorio Ventura Technological State

LAND USE PLAN 2025
University (DHVTSU), San Guillermo Church and the majority of Bacolor’s business establishments.
Although accounting for only 1.56 percent of the total population, it had a population density of 21 people
per hectare, the third highest among the 21 barangays. Magliman, with a population density of 23 persons
per hectare comes in second.
The adjacent barangays of Sta. Ines and San Vicente were the fourth most densely populated barangays.
Although Barangay Cabalantian had the third highest number of residents in 2015, it ranked 8th in
barangay density because it has also a larger land area coverage. Barangays farther from the core
commercial and settlement areas had far less densities since this is where vast tracks of lands were
located which, more often than not, lent themselves to economic activities that were mostly agricultural
in nature
Table 2.6 Household Population and Household Size, Bacolor, 2007 & 2010
2007 2015
Ave. Ave.
No. of No. of
Population HH Population HH
HH HH
Size Size
Bacolor 25,238 4,735 5.33 39,460 7,403 5.0
Rural 16,452 3,087 23,042 4,826
Urban 8786 1,648 16,418 2,580
Source: MPDO
Needless to say, the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo drastically changed not just the physical landscape of the
province but its population distribution as well. Barangay Calibutbut, which was 16 th out of 21 barangays
in terms of population
density (5 persons per
hectare) in 1990, already 1990 2000 2010
Dens1990
Dens20
had the highest density of

Dens199
0 0
San
Vice
Sta
nte
.
Ine
s
Density
31 person per hectare by

Range
(person/sq.
1001-
km.)
501-
1500
<500
1000
Dens200
2015. This barangay, found
at the northernmost tip of
the municipality, which was
not adversely affected by San
Vice
nteSta
lahar flows, became home to .
Ine
a number of the families s
from the affected barangays. Density

The establishment of the Range
 2001 and
(person/sq.k above
Angeles Industrial Park and  1501 – 2000

m.)
1001- 1001 – 1500 Figure 4. Population Density Range
the various housing projects 501-
1500
 501 – 1000
later developed in the area <500
1000
 <500

likewise contributed to its growing density. Barangay Cabambangan, which used to be the most densely-
populated barangay, is now only third in ranking with a density of 21 people per hectare, much lower than
the 52 persons per hectare before Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption. Apart from the institutional services that have
been partially restored, most of the commercial establishments that used to be found in this barangay
have yet to return.
Table 2.7 Population Density by Barangay, 1990, 2010 & 2015

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Land Rank
Density
Barangay Area (Land Popn 1990 Density Popn 2010 Density Popn 2015
& (Rank)
(in Has) Area)
Balas 238.05 11 1,771 7 218 1 239 1
Cabalantian 991.09 2 11,150 11 3,164 3 4,466 4(8)
Cabambangan 1,463 52
27.98 21 656 23 615 21(3)
(Pob.)
Cabetican 327.06 8 4,866 15 3,005 9 3,486 10 (5)
Calibutbut 387.16 6 1,780 5 9,320 24 12,048 31(1)
1Concepcion 245 10 1,586 6 118 1 160 1
Dolores 273.77 9 1,078 4 412 1 544 1
Duat 132.98 15 1,840 14 324 2 210 1
Macabacle 116.27 17 967 8 808 6 780 6(7)
Magliman 105.53 18 1,251 12 2,120 20 2,516 23(2)
Maliwalu 1216.72 1 1,866 2 1,013 1 1,203 1
Mesalipit 164.93 14 568 3 122 1 191 1
Parulog 104.22 19 1,970 19 696 6 656 6(7)
Potrero 501.1 5 4,624 9 139 1 350 1
San Antonio 350.84 7 5,719 16 396 1 747 1
San Isidro 572.68 4 4,138 7 5,041 8 5,703 9(6)
San Vicente 224.13 13 6,373 28 1,796 8 2,643 11(4)
Santa Barbara 673.71 3 2,991 4 791 1 1,061 1
Santa Ines 98.9 20 3,441 35 784 7 1,112 11(4)
Talba 126.69 16 2,805 22 36 1 135 1
Tinajero 231.19 12 5,012 22 549 2 955 4(8)
TOTAL 7,110 67,259 9 31,508 4 39,460 5
Source: NSO, MPDO
Table 2.8 Population Density, 2015
Density (persons per

Barangay Population (2015) Area (ha)
ha)
Pampanga 2,198,110 218,068 10
Bacolor 39,460 7,110 5
Rural 23,042 6,372 3
Urban 16,418 738 22
Source: NSO, MPDO
In 1990, Bacolor had a higher density than that of the Province. It was among the more densely populated
towns in Pampanga with a population density of about 9 persons per hectare versus the provincial
average of 7.5. By 2015, the population density of Bacolor was computed at only 5 persons per hectare of
land, about half of the provincial average, and way below those of its neighbors like the City of San
Fernando (45 persons) and Angeles City (63 persons).

LAND USE PLAN 2025
As expected, as of 2015, more people were sharing a hectare

of land in the urban center than its rural counterpart. Looking
at the population density of the urban barangays vis-à-vis the
rural barangays, the 3 barangays in the Poblacion district, and
Calibutbut in the northern area of the municipality, have a
density of 12 persons per hectare of land compared to the
average rural density of 3 persons per hectare (Table 2.8).
There are more Bacolorenos who are staying in resettlement

areas. In 2008, there were 40% more (42,189) Bacolorenos
residing in resettlement sites that those living in Bacolor
proper (30,061). The same still holds true today

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.9 Barangay Population , Municipality of Bacolor, 2008
Resettlement
Based
Communi
Barangay
ty Based Arena Sacop 1 Bulaon Sn. Sta. Madapd Pandacaqu Buensuce Palmayu
s Calibutb Sn. Isidro Lucia ap i Mexico so Arayat Floridablan
Araya ut 2 Fenand Magala Magala Mabala ca
t o ng ng cat
Balas 258 2,154 80 440
Cabalantian 2,179 93 73 315
Cabambang
798 43 1,632 17 83 258
an
Cabetican 4,350 330 10 45 260 108
Calibutbut 3,786 989
Concepcion 310 408 120 3,500 50
Dolores 250 105 116 75 1,750 120
Duat 156
Macabacle 1500 250 160 850
Magliman 4,020 150 45
Maliwalu 441
Mesalipit 481 419 665
Parulog 972 4,217 1,034 312
Potrero 119
San Antonio 250
San Isidro 6,500 670
San Vicente 1,200 1,800 1,500 635

Santa
880 50 2,000 500
Barbara
Santa Ines 1,200 4,120 20 3,020 50
Talba 76 15 72 680 28 120
Tinajero 335 580 4,553 220 280

TOTAL 30,061 136 1,039 16,766 234 2,043 17,840 2,381 620 1,130
(Source: MPDO)
COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN Page 25

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Population Growth Patterns
The interplay of births, deaths and migration in a given period of time indicates how fast a population
increases or decreases. Prior to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, Bacolor’s population has been consistently
and steadily growing since the turn of the 20th century. But after registering the highest growth rate of
3.1 percent in the 1970, it started declining for the next 20 years until it tried to peak again in 1990 .
NSO Census shows that Bacolor’s total population in 1990 was 67,228. During that period the
municipality’s population accounted for 4.4 percent of the province of Pampanga and it was actually the
fourth most populous municipality in the province.
A rapid decline was seen from 1991 to 1995 when various events of lahar flows buried different parts of
the town. In 1995, records show that the town’s total population dropped to 13,097 which reflect an
80.52% decrease of the total population in 1990. The 2000 and 2007 NSO Census however shows an
increase in total population having a growth rate of 2.91% and 7.04% respectively. The latest figure is
much higher than the national and provincial growth rates of 1.72% and 1.68%, respectively.
Table 2.10 Historical Growth of Population

Year Population Increase or Decrease Growth Rate
1903 13,493 1,809
1918 15,302 3,827 0.84
1939 19,129 3,827 1.25
1948 22,920 3,791 1.52
1960 29,634 6,714 2.60
1970 40,212 10,578 3.10
1975 46,044 5,832 2.75
1980 50,942 4,898 2.04
1990 67,228 16,286 2.81
1995 13,097 -54,131 -27.90
2000 16,147 3,050 2.91
2007 25,238 9,091 7.04
2010 31,508 6,270 6.21
2015 39,460 7,952 5.05
Source: MPDO
Population Projections
For purposes of establishing population-based assumptions for the planning period, three demographic
scenarios are hereby presented, namely:
Scenario 1 (“Normal growth”): Use annual growth rate from 2000 – 2015 and conduct geometric projection
beyond the planning period, until 2025, similar to projections made by NEDA III;
Scenario 2 (“Optimistic scenario”): Apart from the normal growth of the resident population, assume
migration of 42% of the resettled residents “very willing” to return within the planning period;
Scenario 3 (“Best case scenario”): Apart from the normal growth of the population, assuming migration
of 95% of the residents both “willing” and “very willing” to return within the planning period.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
The projected population figures across the three scenarios in periods. Under Scenario 1 or normal growth
scenario, the Pre-Pinatubo population level of 67,229 has yet to be breached. Under Scenario 2, this original
population figure will only be breached in 2025, while the aggressive repopulation assumed in Scenario 3
will exceed Bacolor’s pre-Pinatubo population level by 54%.
Table 2.11 Projected Growth of Population by 2025

Scenario 1: Scenario 2: Scenario 3:
Municipality of Bacolor/Barangay Population Population Population:
1 Balas 392 1,634 3,337
2 Cabalantian 6596 5,037 5,344
3 Cabambangan (Pob.) 821 1,622 2,917
4 Cabetican 6131 4,836 5,316
5 Calibutbut 14013 15,685 19,315
6 Concepcion 332 2,299 4,896
7 Dolores 649 1,564 2,944
8 Duat 635 878 1,403
9 Macabacle 1426 1,672 2,474
10 Magliman 3656 2,756 2,880
11 Maliwalu 1593 1,728 2,448
12 Mesalipit 880 1,187 1,877
13 Parulog 596 3,240 6,782
14 Potrero 440 1,067 2,009
15 San Antonio 1398 1,581 2,295
16 San Isidro 9668 7,365 7,792
17 San Vicente 3596 4,599 7,105
18 Santa Barbara 1648 2,485 4,108
19 Santa Ines 1708 4,879 9,470
20 Talba 479 810 1,393
21 Tinajero 1190 3,707 7,294
TOTAL BACOLOR 57,846 70,631 103,399

Source: Bacolor Comprehensive Rehabilitation Master Plan (BCRMP)

LAND USE PLAN 2025
By the end of the planned period, the most densely populated barangays will be Calibutbut, Magliman
and Cabambangan and the municipality will return to pre-Pinatubo density.
Table 2.12 Projected Population Density by 2025
Scenario 1: Scenario 2: Scenario 3:

Municipality of Bacolor/Barangay
Density Density Density
1 Balas 1 2 3
2 Cabalantian 5 8 11
3 Cabambangan (Pob.) 21 33 48
4 Cabetican 14 21 31
5 Calibutbut 26 41 60
6 Concepcion 1 2 2
7 Dolores 2 3 4
8 Duat 3 5 8
9 Macabacle 9 14 20
10 Magliman 25 39 57
11 Maliwalu 1 1 2
12 Mesalipit 4 6 9
13 Parulog 4 6 9
14 Potrero 1 1 1
15 San Antonio 3 5 7
16 San Isidro 12 19 28
17 San Vicente 12 18 26
18 Santa Barbara 2 3 4
19 Santa Ines 13 20 28
20 Talba 3 4 6
21 Tinajero 4 6 8
TOTAL BACOLOR 6 9 13
Source: BCRMP

LAND USE PLAN 2025
SOCIAL SECTOR
EDUCATION
Bacolor residents’ access to social services, such as

education, although observed to be getting better in
recent years, continue to be a challenge. In the
aftermath of Pinatubo’s eruption and the succeeding
lahar flows, almost all of the public schools were
relocated in the resettlement areas where the
enrollees transferred, and the private schools stopped
operating altogether. While satellite schools have
recently been opened for returning residents, the
majority of the educational institutions are still
physically located in the resettlement areas outside
the municipality
The Municipality of Bacolor currently has a total of 61

public schools and 7 private schools from pre-school to tertiary levels. Discounting the pre-elementary
schools, there are a total of 34 public schools from elementary to tertiary. Of the 27 public elementary
schools, 16 are located in the resettlement areas and 11 are located in the municipality. Of the 7 private
schools, 3 are located in the resettlement areas and 4 are located in Bacolor. The only tertiary institution is
located within the municipality.
Table 2.13 No. of Schools at all levels, by School type

Day Care/Pre
Elementary Secondary Tertiary TOTAL
Elem
Government/Public 27 27 6 1 61
Private 3 3 1 0 7
Source: DepEd, Bacolor
Table 2.14 No. of Schools at all levels, by location

Day Care/Pre
Elementary Secondary Tertiary TOTAL
Elem
Bacolor 11 11 3 1 26
Resettlement 19 16 3 0 35
Daycare/Pre-elementary As of 2015, there were 30 daycare centers serving the the education needs of
children below 6 years old. Nineteen or 63% of these are found mostly in the resettlement areas of
Bulaon, Madapdap, Panadacaqui and Sta. Lucia. Of the 21 barangays, only 11 have day care centers
currently located within the planning area.
Elementary. The government remains the leading provider of education for children aged 6 to 12 years old.
There are 27 public elementary schools presently found both in Bacolor and in the resettlement areas.
While the schools are gradually relocating back to the barangays, at present there are still less elementary
schools in Bacolor than those found in the resettlement areas. Sixteen of the public elementary schools are
currently located in the resettlement areas and only 11 are located in the municipality, including satellite
campuses which have been set up for returning residents (the newest of these are San Antonio E/S,
Tinajero E/S, and Sta. Barbara E/S). All of the elementary schools offer classes from Grade 1 to 6.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.15 Public Elementary Schools Location, Pre and Post Pinatubo
Location
Name of School
Pre Pinatubo Post Pinatubo
1. Bacolor (Central) Elem. Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
School (ES)
2. Balas ES Bacolor Resettlement
3. Cabalantian ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
4. Cabetican ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
5. Calibutbut ES Bacolor Bacolor
6. Concepcion ES Bacolor Resettlement
7. Duat ES Bacolor Resettlement
8. Dolores ES Bacolor Resettlement
9. Eliseo Belen ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
10. Maliwalu ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
11. Mesalipit ES Bacolor Resettlement
12. Parulog ES Bacolor Resettlement
13. Potrero ES Bacolor Resettlement
14. San Antonio ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
15. San Isidro ES Bacolor Bacolor
16. Sta Barbara ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
17. Talba ES Bacolor Resettlement
18. Tinajero ES Bacolor Bacolor & Resettlement
19. Don Antonio Lee Chi Uan IS None Bacolor
Secondary. For the secondary level, there are 7 schools currently servicing school-aged population between
13 16. Six are public high schools and one is a private school. Three of these, including the private school,
are located within the municipality. The three schools that have not relocated back to Bacolor are
Potrero High School and San Vicente Pilot School for the Philippine Craftsmen (both located in the Bulaon
Resettlement Area) and the Tinajero High School located in Madapdap resettlement in Mabalacat and in
Sta. Lucia Resettlement Area, Magalang. DHVTSU high school remained in the town proper even after the
eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. The newly-opened Don Antonio Lee Chi Uan Integrated School (DALCUIS), while
considered a public school, was financed and built by a private developer in a new residential development
in Calibutbut before being turned over for operation by the DepEd.
Table 2.16 Public Secondary Schools by Location, Pre and post Pinatubo
Location
School
Pre Pinatubo Post Pinatubo
1. San Isidro HS Bacolor Bacolor
2. Bacolor HS None Bacolor
3. Tinajero HS Bacolor Resettlement
4. San Vicente Pilot School
Bacolor Resettlement
for Phil Craftsmen
5. Potrero HS Bacolor Resettlement
6. Don Antonio Lee Chi Uan
None Bacolor
IS
The private schools operating in the municipality include Mary the Queen Academy and Isidrian Academy.
Mary the Queen Academy was set up in the location abandoned by Don Bosco Academy, which has since
transferred to Mabalacat. Another private school, St. Mary’s Academy, ceased operation after its campus
was inundated by lahar flows.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Tertiary. There is only one tertiary school in Bacolor, the Don Honorio Ventura Technological State
University (formerly DHVCAT, public) The DHVTSU is the oldest vocational school in the Far East.
Established on November 4, 1861, it was first known as the Escuela de Artes y Oficios de Bacolor and had
established a good reputation in engineering, architecture, education, computer science, and other related
courses, with its graduates regularly topping the national board examinations.
EDUCATION SERVICE PERFORMANCE
Elementary Level. Total enrollment for the last three school years in both community and resettlement-
based schools showed a decrease of 3.0% between SY 2014-2015 and SY 2015-2016, which is higher than
the decrease of 96% in SY 2013-2014 and SY 2015-2015. For school year 20013-2014, Bacolor had a
total of 9,964 enrollees, where Cabalantian Elementary School – Sta Lucia Resettlement recorded the
highest enrolled students (1,842 and 1,597, respectively) while Mesalipit had the lowest number of
enrollees (79). For the succeeding two school years, the enrollment rates were 9,869 and 9,576 students,
respectively. Cabalantian Elementary School – Sta Lucia Resettlement continued to have the highest
enrollment rate for all the school years.
Table 2.17 Public Elementary Schools Enrollees in Resettlement Areas

School Year
School
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016
1. Bacolor ES
817 758 743
(Bulaon)
2. Bacolor ES
610 609 590
(Madapdap)
3. Balas ES 146 137 137
4. Duat ES 133 142 126
5. Parulog ES 635 639 587
6. Potrero ES 360 420 407
7. San Antonio ES 1073 1025 1082
8. Sta Barbara ES 266 198 192
9. Cabalantian
1842 1940 1889
(Sta Lucia)
10. Cabetican 637 621 589
11. Concepcion 327 314 325
12. Dolores 173 199 214
13. Eliseo Belen ES 1597 1510 1390
14. Maliwalu ES 353 377 338
15. Mesalipit ES 79 58 65
16. Talba ES 360 358 379
17. Tinajero ES 556 554 523
TOTAL 9964 9869 9576
Records show that the overall enrollment in the resettlement elementary schools was still higher compared
to those that are within the municipality where for SY 2013-2016, 71% of total enrollment was in the
resettlement area compared to 29% in the municipality. However, there had been a decrease in the
number of enrollment in schools in the resettlement areas in last three school years. On the other hand, a
steady increase in enrollment has been seen in the schools located within the municipality, given the
reopening of schools in San Antonio and Sta. Barbara and the newly constructed schools in Tinajero and
Calibutbut. Moreover, the current elementary enrollment rate within Bacolor accounts for just 25% of pre-
Pinatubo levels.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.18 Public Elementary Enrollees in Bacolor

School Year
School
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016
1. Bacolor ES 756 776 776
2. Cabalantian ES 156 173 190
3. Cabetican ES 399 385 384
4. Calibutbut ES 280 353 357
5. Don Antonio Lee Chi
691 831 840
Uan IS
6. Eliseo Belen ES 239 235 244
7. Maliwalu ES 149 150 167
8. San Antonio ES 183 199 194
9. Sta Barbara ES 74 117 92
10. Tinajero ES 130 141 146
11. San Isidro ES 538 549 544
TOTAL 3595 3909 3934
Secondary Level. The enrollment rates in the secondary level in schools located in Bacolor or in the
resettlement areas had been relatively stable. A significant number of enrollees, 3,019, are still in the
resettlement based schools and account for 70% of students enrolled. Those in Bacolor, 1,297, account for
30% of the enrolled students. It is significant to note that there were decreasing number of enrollees in
both the Tinajero HS (Madapdap) and San Isidro HS (Bacolor).
Table 2.19 Public Secondary Enrollees in Resettlement areas

School Year
Name of School
2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016
Potrero HS 1082 1049 1089
San Vicente Pilot School
1262 1262 1267
for Phil. Craftsmen
Tinajero HS 678 664 663
TOTAL 3022 2975 3019
Table 2.20 Public Secondary Enrollees in Bacolor

School Year
Name of School
2013-2014 2013-2014 2013-2014
Bacolor HS 215 290 311
Don Antonio Lee Chi Uan IS 517 528 534
San Isidro HS 550 520 452
TOTAL 1282 1338 1297
Tertiary Level. Before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, DHVTSU had a student population of 4,272 students.
After twenty six years, the number of its enrollees increased by 335% as per records of the last school year.
The increase in its enrollees may be attributed to its very low tuition fees, the easy access to the school due
to the rehabilitation of roads, the professionalization and upgrade of its teaching staff and its conversion
into a state university in 2008.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
TEACHER-PUPIL/TEACHER-STUDENT RATIO
Elementary Level. Currently, combining both community-based and resettlement-based public elementary
schools, the teacher-pupil ratio is at par with the national standard of 1:35. A significant difference is seen
in the resettlements (1:32) as compared with those found in the municipality (1:35). However, the ratio in
the municipal-based school is not very far above the prescribed standard and this cushion may not hold for
long given the high population growth of 5-7% in the municipality.
Table 2.21 Summary of Public Elementary Teacher – Pupil Ratio

Number of Enrollees Number of Teachers Teacher – Pupil Ratio
SY ’13- SY ’14- SY ’15- SY ’13- SY ’14- SY ’15- SY ’13- SY ’14- SY ’15-
‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16
Bacolor 3595 3909 3934 105 109 113 1:34 1:36 1:35
Resettlement 9964 9859 9576 294 288 296 1:34 1:34 1:32
TOTAL 13,559 13,365 13,510 399 397 409 1:34 1:34 1:33
Secondary Level. Though San Vicente Pilot School for the Philippine Craftsman had the highest enrollment
rate, they had sufficient teachers as reflected in the teacher-student ratio (1:25). However, pre-Pinatubo
data show that the school had far more enrollees back then, with current enrollment accounting for only
about 55% percent of 1990 figures. San Isidro has had the lowest ratio (1:17) for the last three school years.
Table 2.22 Summary of Public Secondary Teacher – Pupil Ratio

Number of Enrollees Number of Teachers Teacher – Pupil Ratio
SY SY SY SY ’13- SY ’14- SY ’15- SY ’13- SY ’14- SY ’15-
’13-‘14 ’14-‘15 ’15-‘16 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16 ‘14 ‘15 ‘16
Bacolor 1459 1641 1603 47 55 62 1:31 1:30 1:26
Resettlement 3022 2975 3019 139 144 144 1:22 1:21 1:21
TOTAL 4481 4616 4622 186 199 206 1:24 1:23 1:22
The privately-run Mary the Queen Academy has a student-teacher ratio of 1:22. The Don Antonio Lee Chi
Uan Integrated School, which opened in 2008 in barangay Calibutbut has a current teacher-student of 1:30.
Tertiary Level. With the increased enrollment in DHVTSU at a trend of 335% from 1991 to SY 2015-2016,
the administration has seen to it to hire additional teachers, in order to comply with the 1:40 student-
teacher ratio. But the influx of students due to the state college’s low tuition fee, an average of 1:55
student-teacher ratio can be observed.
STUDENT – CLASSROOM RATIO
Elementary Level. Out of the 10 schools found in Bacolor for the school year 2014-2015, three schools did
not meet the standard of 1:35 for classroom-student ratio. These schools are Cabalantian ES (1:52),
Cabetican ES Proper (1:41) and Bacolor ES Proper (1:38).
For those located in the resettlement, 10 did not meet the standard: Bacolor ES, Madapdap RA (1:57);
Eliseo-Belen ES, Sta Lucia RA (1:52); San Antonio ES, Bulaon (1:52), Cabalantian ES, Sta. Lucia RA (1:47);
Parulog ES (1:44); Cabetican ES, Madapdap RA (1:41); Bacolor ES, Bulaon RA (1:40); Tinajero, Madapdap RA
(1:39) and Concepcion ES (1:38) and Potrero ES (1:36).

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.23 Summary of Current Classrooms Available/Needs, Public Elementary

No. of Classrooms No. of Classrooms
Location of School Total Enrolment
Available Needed
Bacolor 3934 94 10
Resettlement 3019 117 12
TOTAL 4622 211 22
While there is a much greater classroom shortage in the resettlement areas compared to the municipality,
if we combine the total enrollment in both locations there will be a current gap of 22 classrooms. Given
that there is already a classroom shortage for several schools within the municipality, the aggregate ratio
will be further compromised given the high population growth rate recorded in recent years.
Secondary. For the SY 2014-2015, San Vicente Pilot School and DHVTSU had the highest student-classroom
ratio and did not meet the standard of 1:40. Records show that DHVTSU had a higher ratio the following
year (1:54) while San Vicente had the same indicator (1:58). DALCUIS had a very low student classroom
ratio in its first year of operation but the ratio increased more than doubled the following year. There is a
current shortage of 10 classrooms in San Vicente Pilot School and 6 classrooms in DHVTSU. Tinajero
National High School’s ratio in 2014-2015 indicates a need for an additional classroom to meet the
standard, while the rest have no current needs.
The aggregate enrollment rates for SY 2015-2016 for both the municipality and the resettlement areas
show the current need for 44 classrooms. The shortage is very pronounced in the resettlement at 32
classrooms and 12 classrooms in Bacolor. This indicates an uneven distribution of resources and the
inaccessibility of services for some target markets
Table 2.24 Summary of Current Classrooms Available/Needs, Public Secondary

No. of Classrooms No. of Classrooms
Location of School Total Enrolment
Available Needed
Bacolor 1603 34 12
Resettlement 3019 67 32
TOTAL 4622 101 44
Tertiary. In the tertiary level, Pre-Pinatubo data show that the total number of enrollees of Don Honorio
Ventura Technological State University (DHVTSU) in the school year 1990-1991 is 4,272, with 88 classrooms,
indicating a 1:48 student classroom ratio. The enrollment ratio has been increasing in the succeeding school
years with the corresponding classroom addition. But there is still a shortage of classrooms where student-
classroom ratio is still at an alarming 1:63 or an actual shortage of 35 classrooms.
HEALTH AND NUTRITION
GENERAL HEALTH SITUATION
Health indicators in the Municipality of Bacolor show that there had been a general
improvement for the past five years. The Crude Birth Rate (CBR), while peaking in
2012, had been decreasing for the last three years . Consultative rate is also lower,
with a recorded rate of 1 in 2012, an improvement from the previous years. As for
the Crude Death Rate, a decreasing trend has likewise been seen in the last three
years, except for 2014 where there was a significant increase.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.25 General Health Situations for the Last Four Years, 2012-2015
Pre- Post-Pinatubo
Health Indicator Pinatubo
1990 2012 2013 2014 2015
Fertility
Crude Birth Rates (CBR) 18.9 21.62 3.19 3.32 2.3
Morbidity
Consultative rate 1.5 1 - - -
Mortality
Crude Death Rate (CDR) 1.31 3.12 3.85 4.96 2.9

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) 0 0 0 0 0
Young Child Mortality Rate (YCMR) 0 0 0 0 0
Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) 0 0 0 0 0
Source: Municipal Health Office, 2015
The number of death decreased due to the presence of trained emergencyresponders during accidents and
disasters. Likewise, the place of occurrence of deaths in the registration of death certificate was strictly
implemented to have a proper account of the number of deaths in the municipality.
As to the infant, maternal and neonatal mortality, there are no reports yet due to the effective and efficient
implementation of MCH, Health and Nutrition Program of the RHU. The policy of “no home deliveries” is
being strictly implemented.
In terms of the number of live births, the figure had decreased due to the recording/reporting of births in
their place of origin.
MEDICAL FACILITIES AND PERSONNEL
Before the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, Bacolor had two rural health units (RHU) and nineteen (19) Barangay
Health Stations (BHS) that provided basic medical services to the citizen of the town. As of todate, there still
are two RHUs and down to ten (10) BHS. Permanent BHS are found in Cabalantian (2), Calibutbut (2),
Cabetican, Duat, Magliman, Dolores, Maliwalu and San Isidro. Ten (10) of the barangays have temporarily
housed their BHS in their multipurpose halls and the remaining
two (2) do not have their own BHS and are just relying on the
services of their RHU.
In terms of personnel, Bacolor has, as of 2014, eighteen (18) Rural

Health Unit personnel and sixty (60) active Barangay Health
Workers (BHWs) led by one (1) Rural Health Physician who also
doubles as Municipal Health Officer for both RHU 1 and RHU 2.
There is one (1) Medical Technologist, one (1) Dentist, one (1)
Dental Aide and one (1) Sanitary Inspector serving both the RHUs.
Two (2) Public Health Nurses, one for each RHU and eleven (11)
Rural Health Midwives help complement the medical personnel
of Bacolor.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.26 Barangay Health Stations By Location, 2016
BHS temporarily housed in

With BHS Without BHS
Multipurpose Hall
1. Cabalantian (2) 1. Concepcion 1. Balas
2. Cabetican 2. Tinajero 2. Macabacle
3. Calibutbut (2) 3. Parulog
4. Duat 4. San Antonio
5. Magliman 5. San Vicente
6. Dolores 6. Sta. Barbara
7. Maliwalu 7. Mesalipit
8. San Isidro 8. Talba
9. Tinajero
10. Sitio Banlic (Cabalantian)
Current personnel requirement based on 2010 population indicate that there is a need for 2 midwives
to meet the standard for 20,001-30,000 LGU/catchment population. Using the 2010 population
(municipal census), Bacolor at present is short of at least one more doctor, two midwives and one
sanitary inspector.
Table 2.27 Current Personnel Needs per RA No. 1082

Current Need
Current Need Standard
Total based on 2010 Standard (for
Health Human Based on 2007 (for 20,001-
Number Municipal 20,001 -
Resources NSO Census Total 30,000
(2009) Census total 30,000
Population population)
population population)
Doctors 1 0 1 1 2
Nurses 2 0 0 2 2
Midwife 0 2 2 2 2
Sanitary Inspector 1 0 1 1 2
Source: MHO
The Health Centers located in the resettlement areas are now manned by the Municipal Health Office staff of
host municipalities.
Table 2.28 Health Facilities in the Resettlement Areas

Location Type of Health Service Personnel
Bulaon Resettlement Hospital (R. Rodriguez Hosp.) Manned by PHO Staff
Arenas & Buensoceso Health Center Manned by MHO Staff Arayat
Madapdap Health Center Manned by MHO Staff Mabalacat
Pandacaqui Health Center Manned by MHO Staff Mexico
Sta. Lucia Health Center Manned by MHO Staff Magalang
Source: Municipal Health Office

LAND USE PLAN 2025
The Ricardo P. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital
(RPRMH), which was formerly located in the
Poblacion area before the eruption, transferred to
the Bulaon Resettlement Area (City of San Fernando)
to provide for the health needs of the resettled
people of Bacolor. This 25-bed capacity hospital is not
only serving the people of Bacolor but of the
neighboring towns as well. The type of services
rendered include medicine, obstetrics, gynecology,
pediatrics, surgery as well as dietary and radiological
and laboratory services.
In 2010, RPRMH was rebuilt on its original site in

Bacolor to serve the medical needs of the returning residents of Bacolor.
In 2008, the average daily census of admitted patients was 24, and the hospital exhausted its 25-bed
capacity for that same period, with an occupancy rate of 94.94% serving mostly the resettled population.
Table 2.29 Summary of Patients, Ricardo P. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital (Bulaon Resettlement),
2008 & 2009
Summary Patients in the Hospital 2008 1st quarter 2009
Patients remaining in the hospital as of midnight last date of

25 16
previous month/year
Total Admission (excluding newborn) 4,529 1,103
Total Admission (newborn) 2,886 640
Total Discharges (Alive) 4,514 1,088
Total In-patients Deaths 4 3
Total Patients Admitted and Discharged the same day 659 135
Total In-patients Service Days for the Period 8,686 2,131
Source: Ricardo P. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital, 2009
The Dr. Jesus Datu Medical Hospital, a newly constructed private

hospital, is located in barangay San Vicente. Currently, this 25-
bed capacity hospital is not yet fully operational as a hospital but
caters to the medical assistance program of the Kapampangan
Development Foundation like free harelip operation and free
prosthetics.
MORBIDITY RATE
Records from the Municipal Health Office show that the ten leading causes of Mobidity in Bacolor are Acute
Respiratory Infection (ARI), Hypertension (H.P.N), Fever, Infected Wound, Diabetes Mellitus, Avitaminosis,
Skin Allergy/Disease, Toothache and respiratory related illness.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.30 Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity, Bacolor, 2013-2015

No of No of No of
2013 2014 2015
Cases Cases Cases
1. A.R.I. 3413 1. A.R.I 3219 1. A.R.I. 2483
2. Fever 1185 2. HPN 700 2. HPN 839
3. H.P.N. 710 3. Infected wound 620 3. Fever 538
4. Allergy 413 4. Skin Allergy 426 4. Infected Wound 351
5. Diabetes 5. Diabetes
378 5. Fever 320 317
Mellitus Mellitus
6. Infected 6. Diabetes
293 284 6. Avitaminosis 158
wound mellitus
7. Bronchial
7. Toothache 157 142 7. Coughs& Colds 153
Asthma
8. LBM 127 8. Toothache 117 8. Toothache 133
9. Tonsilitis 111 9. LBM 101 9. Skin Disease 98
10. Respiratory
10. UTI 101 10. UTI 98 92
illness
TOTAL 6,888 5,281 5,009
MORTALITY RATE
The ten leading causes of mortality for the past six years has been
Coronary Heart Disease, followed by CA, all forms, Chronic Renal Failure,
Myocardial Infarction, Cardio-respiratory/pulmonary arrest, Cardio-
vascular disease, Vehicular accidents, Chronic Renal failure, COPD and
Diabetes Mellitus. Table 2.35 shows the ten leading causes of mortality in
Bacolor.
Table 2.31 Ten Leading Causes of Mortality, Bacolor, 2013-2015

No of No of No of
2013 2014 2015
Cases Cases Cases
Myocardial Infarction 24 CA, all forms 25 Coronary Heart Disease 28
CA, all forms 21 AHD 23 CA, all forms 18
COPD 13 Myocardial Infarction 23 Chronic Renal Failure 11
Skull fracture/blunt
Cardio pulmonary
traumatic, vehicular 8 Cardio-Pulmonary arrest 19 10
Arrest
accident
Arterisclerotic Heart
Chronic Renal Failure 7 Vehicular Accident 7 10
Disease
Multi-organ failure 6 Cardiovacular Disease 5 Myocardial Infarction 8
Cardio-vascular 5 Chronic Renal Failure 5 Diabetes Mellitus 8

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Disease
Diabetes mellitus 5 Cardio-respiratory arrest 4 Vehicular Accident 8
Septicemia 4 Taruma to the head 3 COPD 3
Cerebrovascular
Meningitis, others 5 3 Gun Shot 1
accident
TOTAL 98 117 105
Analysis of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity showed that the non-communicable diseases
constituted the present health problems which need more attention and treatment. Though, in the
past, these diseases are considered as diseases of the affluent, it is quite alarming that these are more
seen among indigent individuals and families. This only indicates the influences of diet among the
population and the changing lifestyle. It has been observed that there is a more noticeable intake of
high cholesterol food among the population.
CHILD NUTRITION, NEONATAL AND INFANT MORTALITY
Of the total number of pre-school children weighed in the municipality, an annual average of 4.7% have
been found malnourished in each of the past three years. While there was a 3% decrease in the number
of underweight children from 2012-2013, this was reversed by a 31% surge the following year and
significantly tapering down to 0.14% in 2015 (Table 2.36). However, despite the incidence of
malnourished children, there had been no recorded neonatal and infant mortality in the municipality for
the past three years.
Table 2.32 Degree of Malnutrition among Pre-schoolers, 2013-2015

Degree Of Malnutrition Actual Number of Pre-schoolers
2013 2014 2015
Severely Underweight
49 64 73
Underweight 160 155 221

Normal Weight 3562 3792 4265
Overweight 84 105 134
TOTAL 3855 4021 4693
CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL PARKS
There are five (5) cemeteries / memorial parks in Bacolor.

Four are privately owned
and one is a public
cemetery. Two are found
in Sta. Ines and the rest
are in Cabalantian, San
Isidro and Cabambangan.
There are still around
9,550 burial plots
available in the
community.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.33 Cemeteries and Memorial Parks, Bacolor, 2015

Name of Ownership No. of
Cemetery/ Barangay (public or Area (Has) Capacity Available
Memorial Parks Private) Burial Plots
1. Municipal Cemetery Sta. Ines Public 2 5,000 3800
2. Holy Angel Cemetery Cabalantian Private 1 3,000 2700
3. Holy Spirit Cemetery Sta. Ines Private 2 4,000 2700
4. San Isidro Memorial San Isidro Private 3.5 6,000 3800
5. Bacolor Catholic
Cabambangan Private 1.5 5,000 350
Cemetery
Source: Municipal Health Office 2015
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
The residents within the community currently practice

composting and recycling at source as some of the
individual household waste management practices. The
Poblacion area, given the number of students enrolled at
DHVTSU and the operation of the public market, is the top
generator of solid wastes. The area is dotted with small
establishments, mostly eateries and student dormitories.
With the entry of major residential developments in
Calibutbut, the municipality has a memorandum of
agreement with Metro Clark Waste Management Facility
for its residual waste to be disposed in its sanitary landfill
located in Capas, Tarlac.
The municipality established its municipal Material Recovery

Facility cum Waste Transfer Station in barangay Maliwaluhas
and appropriated funding for its operation. It also plan to
purchase an additional garbage truck in anticipation of the
increased garbage production due to an increasing population
and to make certain that the health of the public is protected,
as well as the environment as mandated under the RA 9003 or
the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000.
The 10-Year Solid Waste Management Plan (SWMP) of the

municipality of Bacolor was also formulated in compliance with
Republic Act 9003. The Plan has been adopted by the
Sangguniang Bayan, submitted to the National Solid Waste
Management Commission (NSWMC) and is waiting for its
deliberation and final approval.
The SWM Plan anticipates the re-population of Bacolor and focuses on the advocacy, information,
education, campaigns and conduct of training components to support the implementation of the RA
9003. Further, it identifies specific alternative programs to address proper waste disposal in the event
that the volume of waste generation in the municipality increases at an alarming rate. These include the
establishment of Material Recovery Facilities in designated barangays and the transport of residual and
solid waste materials to sanitary landfills authorized to operate under the Act.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
HOUSING
NUMBER OF HOUSING UNITS
Naturally following the demographic trend, the number of housing units

in the municipality had been increasing since the 1960s and peaked in
1990 until they were literally swept by lahar, resulting to only 57.38%
houses left standing (or rebuilt) based on 1990 figures. The worst
decline was from the period 1990- 2000 when the number of housing
units declined annually by 13.41%. From 2000-2010, using the figure for
2010, the annual growth rate in the number of housing units went up to
16.25%.
Table 2.34 Occupied Housing Units 1960 - 2007

Year 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
AGR 2.73% 2.87% 3.65% -13.41% 16.25%
TOTAL 4,547 5,952 7,895 11,296 2,678 7,031
Source: NSO, MPDO
The distribution of the housing units across the barangays, comparing 1990 and 2010 figures show a
37.75% decline for the whole municipality, reflecting the swath of devastation caused by Pinatubo’s
eruption which adversely affected barangays Potrero (-93.51%), San Antonio (-93.49%), Duat (90.23%),
Talba (-92.52%), Concepcion (-90.91%), Santa Barbara (-88.78%) Parulog (-86.28%) Cabalantian
(-52.58%), and, on the other hand, the resurgence of the barangays that were less devastated (like
Calibutbut, 422.22%) that saw tremendous growth in terms of number of housing units.
HOUSING UNIT BY TYPE OF BUILDING
In the most recent housing census which was conducted back in 2010, of the 7,031 housing units in
Bacolor, almost 9 out of 10 were single detached houses. Using participation ratio, the 2010 distribution
by building type is presented, where single-detached units accounted for 78%, duplex for 2%, multi-
residential units for 19% and none unreported.
Using these figures, the housing backlog in Bacolor in was computed at 922 units, but these considered
only the population living within the municipality at that time and discounted those in the resettlement
areas who had intention to return and can technically be considered displaced.
Table 2.35 Housing Units, Percentage Change from 1990 and 2010
Number of Housing Units
Barangay
1990 2010 % Change AGR
Balas 295 62 -78.98% -19.98%
Cabalantian 1,858 881 -52.58% -10.11%
Cabambangan (Pob.) 244 194 -20.49% -3.22%
Cabetican 811 869 7.15% 0.99%
Calibutbut 297 1551 422.22% 26.63%
Concepcion 264 24 -90.91% -29.00%
Dolores 180 63 -65.00% -13.93%

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Number of Housing Units

Barangay
1990 2010 % Change AGR
Duat 307 30 -90.23% -28.27%
Macabacle 161 138 -14.29% -2.18%
Maliwalu 311 111 -64.31% -13.69%
Mesalipit 95 60 -36.84% -6.35%
Parulog 328 45 -86.28% -24.71%
Potrero 771 50 -93.51% -32.35%
San Antonio 953 62 -93.49% -32.32%
San Isidro 690 1082 56.81% 6.64%
San Vicente 1,062 397 -62.62% -13.11%
Santa Barbara 499 56 -88.78% -26.84%
Santa Ines 574 249 -56.62% -11.25%
Talba 468 35 -92.52% -30.96%
Tinajero 835 177 -78.80% -19.88%
BACOLOR 11,212 6,482 -42.19% -7.53%
Source: NSO
Table 2.36 Occupied Housing by Type of Building, 2000, 2010

Type of Building 2000 2010 % to Total (2000)
Single House 2,395 5,515 78.13
Duplex 108 156 2.21
Multi-Unit Residential 26 1,360 19.34
Not Reported 149 - -
TOTAL 2,678 7,031 100%
Source: NSO
HOUSING UNIT BY CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
In 2010, more than half (85%) of the housing units were made of concrete, brick or stone, followed by
half-concrete, brick or stone and half wood. These materials are not readily transferable and can be
considered an indication of the intent to stay as far as the residents were concerned. An estimation of the
distribution for the houses counted in 2010 is also provided below.
Table 2.37 Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of the Outer Wall, 2010
Concrete/Brick/Stone 1,536 5,973 84.9%
Wood 137 300 4.2%
Half concrete/Brick/Stone and Half Wood 506 469 6.6%
Galvinized Iron/ Aluminum 31 45 0.6%
Bamboo/Sawali/Cogon/Nipa 178 205 7%

LAND USE PLAN 2025

Asbestos 1 2 2.9%
Glass 1 .01%
No Walls 4 1 .01%
Makeshift/Salvage/Improvised Materials 67 21 .29%
Others 218 - -
Not Reported 14 .19%
TOTAL 2,678 7,031 100%
Source: NSO
HOUSING UNITS BY CONDITION
In 2010, 81% of the houses that were built in the past 10 years preceding the census (most houses had to
be rebuilt starting 2000, nine years after Mt. Pinatubo erupted), needed no or minor repairs only. During
the census period, an additional 4% of the houses were being constructed or renovated.
Table 2.38 Housing Units by Condition (State of Repair) of the Building, 2010
Type of Building 2010 %
Needs No Repair/ Needs Minor Repair 5,712 81.2%
Needs Major Repair 886 12.6%
Dilapidated /Condemned 4 .05%
Under Renovation 57 .8%
Under/Unfinished Construction 312 4.4%
Not Reported 60 .8%
Total 7,031 100%
Source: NSO
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS IN EACH HOUSING UNIT
Of all the total 7,077 households in 2010, 78.46% of these

were housed in a single housing unit. Two percent of the
households shared a housing unit with another household,
and 18% lived in the same house with two other
households. In terms of tenurial status, 84% of the
households are either owned or are amortized . 4.5% of
the households are paying rent while 8.3% pays no rental
as they have the consent of the owners to occupy the units
compared to 1.9% who occupies the property with no rent
and without the consent of the owner.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.39 Number of Households by Type of Building and Tenure Status, 2010
TYPE OF BUILDING
Tenure Status Multi-Unit Comm’l/ Instituion-al

Single
Duplex Residential Indust’l/ Living TOTAL
House
Agriclt’l quarters
Owned/Amortized 4696 113 1143 16 - 5968
Rented 150 17 151 4 - 323
Rent free w/ consent
525 21 38 10 - 594
of owner
Rent gree w/ot
129 6 2 - 1 137
consent of owner
Not Applicable 40 - - - - 40
Not Reported 13 - 2 - - 15
TOTAL 5553 157 1336 30 1 7077
Source: NSO
SUBDIVISIONS
As of 2015, there were at least 24 residential subdivisions

underway in the municipality, mostly located in Calibutbut and
San Isidro, providing a potential inventory of at least 8,958
residential units (mostly openmarket and medium cost types).
While located in Bacolor, these projects’ target markets are not
solely Bacolor residents (as seen in the scale of development, for
example, Xevera) but the spillover population from Angeles, San
Fernando, Guagua and the other nearby urban areas.
It should also be noted that 77% lot owners (of the 95% very willing and willing to return) of the resettled
population of Bacolor mentioned in the perception survey that they intended to relocate back to their
original lots and put up structures there, not to purchase house and lot units in new developments.
Table 2.40 List of Subdivisions with or applying for Development Permits, as of 2015
Area No. of
Name of Subdivision Classification Barangay
(Ha.) Lots/Units
1. La Hacienda * PD 957 Cabalantian 2.24 88
2. Villagio Real* PD 957 Calibutbut 3.78 618
3. Hampton Orchard* PD 957 Calibutbut 9.82 325
4. Villa Lourdes * PD 957 San Isidro 4.88 232
5. West Cavera Ridge* BP220 San Isidro 1.6 150
6. The Xevera Subdivision I* BP220 Calibutbut 36.8 4000
7. Havana Residence I* PD957 San Isidro 6.47 305
8. Havan Residence II * BP220 San Isidro 4.51 170/218
9. La Primavera** PD 957 San Isidro 6.73 1,650

LAND USE PLAN 2025
10. Esplenderosa (La

-
Hacienda II)** PD 957 Cabalantian 2.8
11. The Xevera Phase II * BP 220 Calibutbut 20.9 1,184
12. Trinidad Village *** - Calibutbut - -
13. Holy Angel Village *** - Calibutbut - -
14. St. Orly *** - Calibutbut - -
15. North Breeze - Calibutbut - -
16. St. Dominic Subd. - San Vicente - -
17. Joven Subd. - Cabetican - -
18. La Tierra Solana *** PD 957 Cabalantian 5.7 -
19. Solana Subd. *** PD 957 San Isidro 5.7 -
20. Richville Village** PD 957 Calibutbut 5.8 194
21. Montville Place** PD 957 San Isidro 2.2 212
22. Sunshine Homes** BP 220 Macabacle 3.1 -
23. Casa Real** PD 957 Cabalantian 13.6 -
24. Richville Heights** PD 957 Calibutbut 6.8 -
TOTAL 143.43 8,958
Source: MPDO
Note: *With Development Permits (DPs) applied at the LGU
** With pending DPs but with Preliminary Approved & Locational Clearance (PALC)
*** Subdivisions with DPs under the HLURB
SOCIAL WELFARE
SOCIAL WELFARE CONCERNS
Meeting the social welfare concerns and basic needs of the people is crucial in improving the quality of life
in the community. There are six (6) major social welfare services that the municipality currently provides its
citizens, including those residing in the resettlement areas. The availment of pre-marriage counseling, aid
to individuals in crisis situations (AICS), referral and provision of PhilHealth IDs increased, while the number
of children for day care services and the relief assistance saw a slight decrease from the previous years.
Table 2.41 Social Welfare Services, 2015

No. of People
Type/Kind of Service
served
Day Care Program, enrollees 1511
Counseling - CICL cases 19
Counselling -Physical and sexual abuse 9
Child custody/support 5
Counselling - Pre-marriage 236
Single/solo parents provided with assistance/IDs 54
Senior Citizens provided with IDs/Purchase Booklets/slips 2190
Senior Citizens ( 70 yrs & above) provided with social pension 382
PWDs provided with IDs/Purchase Booklets 63

LAND USE PLAN 2025
PWDs granted with scholarship 13
PWDs provided with wheel chairs 2
Social Case Study Reports prepared & referred to various NGAs/Offices/hospitals 359
Intake Sheets prepared & endorsed to DSWD for financial & medical assistance 1128
Individuals provided with AICs 3353
Beneficiaries provided with seed capital for their livelihood 9
4Ps groups organized 7
4Ps beneficiaries awarded with cash grants 797
Total 10,137
Source: MSWDO 2015
SOCIAL WELFARE CLIENTELE
The residual effects of the eruption and lahar flows which caused the displacement, dislocation and
unemployment of the locals is reflected in the number of families below the poverty line. In 2015, about
15% of the population (6,004 individuals) was considered disadvantaged by the MSWDO (LSP 2015). These
were made the target beneficiaries for programs and projects on self employment, financial aid, medical
and emergency assistance and relief goods in times of disasters. In 2015, records show that about 10,137
individuals benefited from these programs.
Table 2.42 Type/Kind of Services rendered, 2015

No. of People
Type/Kind of Service
served
Day Care Program, enrollees 1511
Counseling - CICL cases 19
Counselling -Physical and sexual abuse 9
Child custody/support 5
Counselling - Pre-marriage 236
Single/solo parents provided with assistance/IDs 54
Senior Citizens provided with IDs/Purchase Booklets/slips 2190
Senior Citizens ( 70 yrs & above) provided with social pension 382
PWDs provided with IDs/Purchase Booklets 63
PWDs granted with scholarship 13
PWDs provided with wheel chairs 2
Social Case Study Reports prepared & referred to various NGAs/Offices/hospitals 359
Intake Sheets prepared & endorsed to DSWD for financial & medical assistance 1128
Individuals provided with AICs 3353
Beneficiaries provided with seed capital for their livelihood 9
4Ps groups organized 7
4Ps beneficiaries awarded with cash grants 797
TOTAL 10,137
Source: MSWD 2015
Records in the last three years illustrate an erratic trend in the number of clients availing of social welfare
services. The total number of clients in 2015 however shows a potential increase for the year, with 10,137
clients having been served for this period.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.43 Historical Number of Population Served by Type of Clientele System, 2009-2015
Year Number of Persons Assisted

2006 9,009
2007 12,973
2008 9,355
2009 5,327
2015 10,137
Source: MSWD, 2015
Table 2.44 shows the

number of Day Care
Centers in the barangays
and resettlements. In
terms of day care
services, there are more
clients, greater number
of staff in the
resettlement areas
compared to the
barangays in the community. A centralized assistance to senior
citizens is only available in Cabambangan (in the Municipal Hall) where the Office of Senior Citizen (OSCA) is
located and manned by three staff workers.
Table 2.44 Social Welfare Clientele in Bacolor and Resettlement Areas, 2015
Barangay
Type of Number of Staff
(no. of day care Organization
Clientele Clients Complement
centers)
Bacolor
Day Care Parents Committee

Children 87 OSCA Office 1 Day Care Worker
1. Cabambangan(1) Senior Citizen 3 OSCA Staff
Day Care Parents Committee 1 Day CareWorker
2. Cabetican (1) Children 61
Day Care Parents Committee 1 Day Care Worker
3. San Isidro (1) Children 84
4. Macabacle (1) Children 22
Day Care 88 Parents Committee 2 Day Care Workers
5. Calibutbut (2) Children 50
6. Cabalantian (1) Children 63
7. Magliman (1) Children 96
8. Maliwalu (1) Day Care 35 Parents Committee 1 Day Care Worker

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Children
Resettlement

8. Bulaon (9) Children 369
9. Madapdap (7) Children 489
10. Bundagul (1) Children 71
11. Pandacaqui Day Care Parents Committee 2 Day Care Worker
(2) Children 93
12. Sta. Lucia (2) Children 84
Source: MSWDO
SOCIAL WELFARE FACILITIES
In terms of social welfare facilities, Bacolor has 29 Day care centers but only eight (8) are found in Bacolor,
with the 21 distributed in the resettlement areas. Bulaon resettlement area has the most number of centers
(9) followed by Madapdap (7), Bundagul (1), Pandacaqui (2) and Sta. Lucia (2) (Table 2.45). Some of the
centers need improvement, while new construction is needed for those which are temporarily housed in
elementary schools. The Municipality also has an Office for Senior Citizens Affairs (OSCA) Office located in
Cabambangan for their senior citizen services, which is generally well maintained and served by three staff
workers.
Table 2.45 Social Welfare Facilities

Barangay Facilities Physical Condition
BACOLOR
1. Villa de Bacolor - OSCA Office Well Maintained

Cabambangan 1 Day care Center
2. Cabetican 1 Day Care Center Serviceable / Well Maintained
3. San Isidro 1 Day Care Center Temporarily Housed in Elementary School
4. Macabacle 1 Day Care Center Temporarily Housed in Elementary School
5. Calibutbut 2 Day Care Centers Well Maintained
6. Cabalantian 1 Day Care Center Temporarily Housed in Elementary School
7. Magliman 1 Day Care Center Temporarily Housed in Elementary School
8. Maliwalu 1 Day Care Center Temporarily Housed in Elementary School
RESETTLEMENT
8. Bulaon 9 Day Care Centers Well Maintained/ Need Improvements

9. Madapdap 7 Day Care Center Well Maintained/ Need Improvements
10. Bundagul 1 Day Care Center Need Improvement
11. Pandacaqui 2 Day Care Center Well Maintained
12. Sta. Lucia 2 Day Care Center Serviceable/ Need Improvement
Source: MSWDO

LAND USE PLAN 2025
PROTECTIVE SERVICES
The LGU of Bacolor is under the protection of 46 policemen and women headed by a
Police Chief Inspector serving a population of 39,460 or a ratio of 1:962 which is way
below the standard ratio of 1:500. The LGU maintains one main police station within
the Municipal Hall compound and two COMPAC 3 stations, namely, 1 in Calibutbut, 1
at the corner of the Megadike and JASA and 1 at the corner of Dolores and
Megadike.
The Traffic Management Unit of Bacolor, on top of the local PNP’s contingent, has
seven (7) Traffic Aides headed by a Traffic Officer. Five (5) are stationed within the
Poblacion district and two (2) are assigned in Calibutbut where they maintain traffic
at the busy area of the Angeles Industrial Park.
PEACE AND ORDER & PUBLIC SAFETY
Bacolor is a generally peaceful community due to its

sparsely populated barangays whose residents still
remain living in resettlement areas outside of the
town.
For the period January 1 to October 31, 2016, Bacolor

MPS has recorded a Total Crime Volume (TCV) of two
hundred seventy six (276) cases in its area of
responsibility. Out of these reported incidents, 47 are
Index Crimes (Crimes against person and properties)
and 229 are Non-Index Crimes (other crimes, traffic
accidents and violations of special laws). This Office
has arrested 66 perpetrators and solved 215 cases (89
cases were filed in court and 126 traffic accident cases
were amicably settled), to wit;
Table 2.46 Inventory of Nature of Crime, Cases solved/Under Investigation, Arrests made
SOLVED NO. OF
NO. OF UNDER
NATURE OF CRIME CASES/Filed in ARRESTED
CASES INVESTIGATION
COURT PERSON
CRIMES AGAINST
15 11 4 10
PERSON
a. MURDER 1 1 0 2
b. HOMICIDE 0 0 0 0
c. PHYSICAL INJURY 8 4 4 4
FRUSTRATED MURDER 1 1 0 3
PHYSICAL INJURY(PLAIN) 7 3 4 1
d. RAPE 6 6 0 4
CRIMES AGAINST
32 10 22 6
PROPERTY
a. ROBBERY 14 2 12 0
b. THEFT 8 5 3 3
c. CARNAPPING 10 3 7 3
Motor Vehicle 1 0 1 0

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Motorcycle 9 3 6 3
NON-INDEX CRIMES
OTHER CRIMES 22 8 14 9
THREAT 1 1 0 1
ALARM AND SCANDAL 1 0 1 0
TRESPASSING 3 2 1 4
ESTAFA 1 1 0 2
MALICIOUS MISCHIEF 11 1 10 1
ACT OF LASCIVIOUSNESS 2 2 0 1
FOUND CADAVER 2 0 2 0
SEXUAL HARRASSMENT 1 1 0 0
TRAFFIC INCIDENTS 156 136 20 11
RIR in HOMICIDE 12 10 2 9
63 - AMICABLY
RIR in Phys. Injury 71 8 2
SETTLED
RIR in DAMAGE TO 63 - AMICABLY
73 10 0
PROPERTY SETTLED
SPECIAL LAWS: 51 50 1 30
Comprehensive
Dangerous 15 15 0 18
Drugs Act
Illegal Possession of
2 2 0 2
Firearm
VAWC (9262) 20 20 0 8
Child Abuse Act (7610) 14 13 1 2
INDEX CRIMES 47 21 26 16
NON-INDEX CRIMES 229 194 35 50
TOTAL CRIMES 276 215 61 66

Source: Bacolor PNP
The increase is attributed to the following factors:
 Increase in CRIME VOLUME for the period January 01 – October 31, 2016 was dominated by Traffic
Accidents with a total of 156 incidents or 56.52% of the Total Crime Volume (TCV).
 Peace and Order Situation in Bacolor remains manageable.
 Crimes can be prevented if the community is made more aware of security concerns and
capacitated to lessen the opportunities for the perpetrators to commit criminal acts.
 Deployment of multiplier forces like the BPAT’s is essential in crime prevention (especially in theft
and robbery cases).
While there is a reported slight increase in the volume of crime committed within the municipality these
are mostly non-index crimes which does not adversely affect the general peace & order situation.
The PNP’s Operation Tokhang netted 319 drug personalities, most of them, first time users, pressured by
friends and out of curiosity users. This was due to 11 operations that cornered 14 suspected drug dealers
and yielded .331 gms of shabu. Of the total number who surrendered, 27 are now undergoing
rehabilitation. The presence of PNP COMPAC centers strategically located along the Megadike -JASA,
Dolores and Calibutbut contribute immensely to the monitoring and prevention of criminal elements
wanting to operate in the municipality.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
The loval PNP’s continued presence in the community and

interventions resulted into the setting up of 1,008
checkpoints, 143 issued- TCT and impounding of 54
motorcycles. As of November 2016, our local PNP made 62
warrantless arrests and 12 arrests with warrants.
While there are only 46 PNP officers and staff serving and
protecting Bacolor, the peace and order situation remains
stable. Their efforts are equally complemented by the LGU
and the barangay based BPOCs and BADACs.
On the labor front, there are no reported labor-related disputes and unrest that have transpired in the
municipality even in the economic zone which is located in barangay Calibutbut. This makes Bacolor an
attractive site for business and investments.
Prior to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, there were pockets of armed insurgencies in the municipality. After
the devastating lahar flow and the moving in to the resettlement sites of most residents, today, are no
more known armed groups, ideologically based, insurgency-induced, or of the extortion types, operating in
the town. Hence, Bacolor is classified by the PNP as a “white area.”
ECONOMIC SECTOR
Agriculture, quarrying, commerce and educational services stimulate Bacolor’s economy. Agriculture is a
major industry and source of family income even prior to the Pinatubo eruption. About 70% of Bacolor’s
total land area is agricultural, utilized primarily for crop and fishery production. The area for agriculture has
in fact increased as lahar flows and consequently flooding reduced the area suitable for settlements and
high density development. Agriculture also provides employment to a critical mass of the labor force.
Provincial employment data show that agriculture and fishery absorbs 13% of labor force and employment
in the sector grows by 4% annually (Provincial PFP 2002).
On the other hand, quarrying is an industry that came about from the Pinatubo eruption. Lahar deposits are
most concentrated in Porac, Bacolor and Floridablanca which are the known quarry sites in Pampanga. The
quarry site in Bacolor has an aggregate area of 30.0 hectares. Since 1998, quarrying has been a source of
revenue for the municipality.
Commerce is also a growing industry in Bacolor. While Bacolor is considered one of the “small towns” of
Pampanga, it is part of the functional orbit of the Region’s industrial heartland (i.e. CLARK, Angeles, City of
San Fernando and Subic) on account of its central location and the existing highway network in the Region.
Travel time from Bacolor Poblacion to San Fernando City’s Central Business District is the shortest (15
minutes) amongst other towns in Pampanga. The Poblacion area has been experiencing rising urbanization
despite the threat of lahar, as the growth of the San Fernando City Node expands to the area. The Poblacion
which consists of Barangays Cabambangan, San Vicente, Cabalantian, Sta Ines and Cabetican, is considered a
secondary settlement and urban center.
The northern part of Bacolor, which have not been affected by lahar, shows a faster pace of urbanization
and commercialization. In particular, Barangay Calibutbut, which was considered rural in pre-Pinatubo
eruption, has become urbanized. Current developments in the area show a level of economic activity that
has surpassed pre-eruption period. Calibutbut’s proximity to the industrial centers of Angeles City
specifically barangays Sto Domingo and Pulungbulu has enlivened development in the area. The bulk of top
business establishments and major housing subdivisions in Bacolor are located in the area. Tertiary services
including “soft services” (e.g. daycare centers, hotels and leisure parks) are the emerging commercial
activities.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Educational services are important aspects of Bacolor’s economic sector. As discussed in the social sector,
Bacolor despite being a small town, has a fairly large number of educational institutions. The town has
learning facilities for elementary, secondary and tertiary levels. Within the year 2017, Don Bosco Academy
is returning to its original site in Cabalanatian to offer initial elementary education. It hopes to offer up to
full secondary education within 5 years from its
operation. One of the oldest and premier universities of arts and trade in the Region, Don Honorio Ventura
Technological State University, is in Bacolor. Bacolor was once the seat of learning for arts in the Province.
However, Bacolor has remained a 3rd class municipality with an average income of P43,383 for the period
2005-2007. Per capita income as of 2007 was recorded at P773.86, the lowest among the host
municipalities where most of its residents were resettled. City of San Fernando, for instance, has a per
capita of P1,298. Mexico, which has the lowest per capita income in 2006 has surpassed that of Bacolor.
Mabalacat , now a city, has clearly taken over Bacolor with its showing rapid urbanization and steadily rising
per capita income.
Similar trend is observed with income per square meter of land resources. The ratio reflects the level of
development in the municipality. Premier cities of Angeles and San Fernando show high income per square
meter of land and sharp increase in the ratio as income derived from land resources rises with economic
growth. Bacolor is still at the low end but the trend appears to be on the rise for the period in review.
Bacolor is still dependent on internal revenue allotments although its internally generated funds specifically
revenues from real properties, local taxes and quarrying activities have posted significant increases in the
last three years. The increase in the number of taxable real property units from 19,007 units in the first
quarter of 2008 to 33,609 units in the same quarter of 2015 indicates a growing investors’ confidence in the
municipality.
Table 2.47 Collection from Real Property Tax (in Pesos)

2013 2014 2015
Total No. of Taxable RPUs 32,419 33,224 33,6099
Land Area(in sq. mtr) 60,268,484.41 60,298,804.41 60,362,728041
Market Value 3,353,381,645.63 3,458,820,345.63 3,656,142,004.63
Assessed Value 1,,255,153,705 1,264,434,275 1,266,117,431
Tax Collection 25,103,074 25,288,685 25,322,348
Source: Municipal Assessor Office
AGRICULTURE
Bacolor was once one of the major rice producing municipalities of Pampanga. Total cultivated land prior to
the Mt Pinatubo eruption was recorded at 4,459 hectares. Lahar flows have turned the bulk of the vast
agricultural area barren but the local government with support from the Department of Agriculture and
other international donors, has slowly rehabilitated these farmlands. In 2002, an estimated 911 hectares of
agriculture land have been restored. In 2014, the area cultivated for crop production and inland fishery
increased to 1,978 hectares. The municipal agriculture office (MAO) has recently declared a total area of
2,511 hectares as productive land suitable for farming. Only about 13.5% of the total municipal agricultural
land remained to be rehabilitated and re-developed.
In particular, rice production was severely affected by lahar as total irrigated rice areas was reduced to only
18% (or 937 hectares) in 2014. (Table 2.48). Production of root crops (mainly, gabi), sugarcane and fishery
have also declined due to the significant reduction in cultivated area. Fishpond area is only two-thirds of its
pre-Pinatubo area while sugarcane is produced in only half of its previous area. There are also “new” crops

LAND USE PLAN 2025
cultivated in the recent years such as pepper (bell-shaped variety), cassava, pole sitao and other fruit crops
(e.g. guava). Yield of most crops and fishery remain the same except for some crops (e.g. rainfed
rice, tomato, eggplant) which showed better yields in the post-Pinatubo period.
Table 2.48 Bacolor Average (Temporary) Crop and Fish Production

Pre-Pinatubo (1990) Post-Pinatubo (2015)
Crop Planted Area Planted Yield (MT/hectare) Area Planted Yield (MT/hectare)
(HAS.) (HAS.)
1. Rice
Irrigated 2,323.00 4.5 513.2 3.80
Rainfed 209.6 3.0 544.07 3.50
2. Yellow Corn 44.0 5.5 127.4 5
3. White corn 308.5 3
3. Sweet Potato 10.0 15.0 15.55 15
4. Raddish 4.0 7.0 - -
5. Gabi 150.0 9.0 4.02 9.0
6. Peanut 7.0 1.2 26.45 1.2
7. Ampalaya 10.0 10.0 8.6 20
8. Eggplant 5.0 9.0 28.8 5
9. Squash 5.0 10.0 11.3 6
10. Tomato 5.0 5.0 41.7 20
11. Upo 5.0 10.0 5.55 25
12. Pepper (Long) 1.0 3.0 - -
13. Fish Production 295.0 6.0 59 9
14. Mango (Orchard) 60.0 1.5 162 37.5
15. Sugar Cane 1,325.0 4.0 142.79 -
16. Cassava 35.7 20
17. Pole Sitao 3.3 8
18. Seguedillas
19. Pechay 12.3 3
20. Mustard 11 3
21. Patola 3.8 5
22. Okra 2.2 4
23. Melon 3 5
24. Watermelon 130.2 8
25. Cucumber 3.2 5
26. Spices/bellpepper .02 4.5
27. Kangkong 1.6 5
28. Mungbean 3.5 1
39. Turnips .50 3
30. Ube .01 5
31. Bush Sitao 1.76 9
32. Other fruit trees/ 615.49 25

commercial crops
TOTAL 4,458.6 2,826.51
Source: Municipal Agricultural Office

LAND USE PLAN 2025
CROP PRODUCTION
Rice, sugarcane, and corn are extensively cultivated in Bacolor.

Rice is cultivated in almost all barangays. On the average,
about 900 hectares of productive agricultural land has been
planted to rice (both irrigated and rainfed) for the period 2003
to 2015. The top five rice producing barangays in terms of area
are San Isidro, Santa Barbara, Cabetican, Dolores and
Magliman. These barangays cover an area of 404.23 hectares
or 66% of total rice area in the municipality. San Isidro is the
largest rice producer covering an area of 138.88 hectares. The
area devoted to rice production in barangays San Isidro and Santa
Barbara has been rising steadily since 2003. This trend is not
observed in the three other barangays, where the area devoted to
rice production has contracted. Overall, rice production increased
by 10% annually between 2003 and 2015.
Sugarcane is also grown in many barangays with a combined total

area of about 920 hectares from 2004 to 2007. The areas planted to
sugarcane are mostly leased to sugar traders This leasehold started to decline to 142.79 hectares from 2008
to 2015 due to farmlot owners tilling their own crops Sugarcane is planted in areas where irrigation water is
insufficient. Barangay Maliwalu is the largest producer of sugarcane covering an area of 328 hectares or
35% of total sugarcane area. Barangays Concepcion and Balas are the second and third major sugarcane
producers, respectively. Their combined area covers about 200 hectares. During the period 2004 to 2013,
sugarcane production increased annually by 8.1%. .
Corn cultivation has been re-established more recently compared to

rice and sugarcane. In 2003 only about 28 hectares of land primarily in
Barangay San Isidro was devoted to corn production. The area,
however, increased by 110% annually from 2003. In 2015, total area
planted to corn was 435 hectares. Corn production also quickly spread
from barangay San Isidro to the other barangays.
As of 2015, corn is cultivated in about 10

barangays with barangays Concepcion, San
Isidro and Maliwalu as the top three producers.
Gabi is the dominant root crop in Bacolor. The

Municipality is known for producing high quality gabi and
the local government has been highly supportive of this
industry. Gabi production covered a total area of 159.5
hectares in 2015. It is cultivated in only three barangays:
San Isidro, Magliman and Dolores. San Isidro is the largest producer of
gabi. Overall, gabi production has doubled from 875 metric tons in 2003
to 1,638 metric ton in 2015 or an annual increase of 22.0%.
FISH PRODUCTION
Fishing industry in Bacolor is mainly freshwater fishponds. In 2008, these fishponds covered a total area of
252.6 hectares with 167 farmer- operators. Tilapia is the preferred fish grown by the operators. Fishponds
can be found in 12 barangays but are mostly located in barangays Balas, San Isidro, Sta Barbara, Cabetican

LAND USE PLAN 2025
and Macabacle. Barangay Balas has the largest fishpond area but the large fishpond operators are located
in barangay Santa Barbara.
Table 2.49 Fish Production in Bacolor by barangay
1999 2007
Average Average
Barangay Area Prod'n. Area / Area Prod'n. Area /
No. of No. of
Harv. Operator Harv. Operator
Operators Operators
(Has.) (MT) (has.) (Has.) (MT) (has.)
Balas - - - - 40 65.6 590.4 1.64
Cabalantian 11 7.9 47.4 0.72 6 10.5 99.75 1.75
Cabetican 8 15.5 93 1.94 31 28.9 260.10 0.93
Calibutbut 1 1.5 9 1.50 - - - -
Macabacle - - - - 17 21.5 193.5 1.26
Magliman - - - - 5 8.5 76.5 1.70
Maliwalu - - - - 4 6.5 58.5 1.63
Mesalipit - - - - 4 10 90 2.50
Parulog - - - - 11 9.3 83.7 0.85
San Antonio - - - - 4 7.4 66.6 1.85
San Isidro 7 19.3 115.8 2.76 32 40.8 367.2 1.28
San Vicente - - - - 3 5 45 1.67
Sta. Barbara 7 1 6 0.14 10 38.6 347.4 3.86
TOTAL 34 45.2 271.20 1.33 167 252.6 2,278.65 1.51
Source: Municipal Agricultural Office
Sometime in 2010, aqua-culture operations started to decline mainly due to the lack of water channels that
can drain into fishponds. Operators tried using shallow tube wells but it proved costly, the cost diesel fuel
ate up a significant percentage of their operating cost. As a result, many fishponds were abandoned. In
2007, 252.6 hectares was devoted to fishpond operation with 167 operators but as of 2015, only 59
hectares is devoted to fish farming with 15 operators remaining.
LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY
Livestock raising in Bacolor is a backyard enterprise. It provides a

means of livelihood to augment income of households specifically in
the rural areas. Swine and goat raising is most popular. The 2015
inventory of these livestock has surpassed most of those of pre-
Pinatubo period (Table 2.50). Poultry, on the other hand, is
dominated by commercial raisers raising 15,000 to 120,000 heads per
farm. These large poultry raisers are located in barangays San Isidro
and San Antonio.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.50 Inventory of Livestock and Poultry in Bacolor, 1990, 2007, 2015
Livestock/ 1990 2007 2015
Poultry No. of Count Count
Count Count
Barangays Commercial Backyard
Cattle 293 9 191 60 171
Carabao 2,917 19 362 625
Swine 14,438 21 1,909 589 270
Native Pig 80 669
Goat 1,024 21 533 276 2,111
Sheep - - - - 430
Native Chicken - - - - 2,208
Gamefowl - - - 2,000 1,140
Pigeon - - - - 531
Turkey - - - - 128
Poultry - 21 1,825,067 112,000 15,220
Ducks - 21 2,826 - 2,035
Quails - 10 22,900 36,000 155
Horse - - - - 48
Source: Provincial Veterinary Office, Municipality of Bacolor
INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE
Despite the setback brought about by Mt. Pinatubo,

Bacolor’s commercial and industrial sectors have been
growing. The number of registered business
establishments increased ninefold from 2002 to 2016
(Table 2.55). While majority of the establishments
are retail stores, the increase in small and medium-
sized enterprises in major businesses has also been
substantial. In particular, construction business,
services, real estate development and rentals, trading
(i.e. wholesaling and distribution) and furniture trading and export are among
the top gainers. The growth in real estate and construction activities
specifically reflects a growing demand for settlement and investments in the
municipality.
Table 2.51 Business Establishments in Bacolor, 2002 – 2016

Total Number of Business Establishments in Bacolor
2002 2008 2015 % Increase 2002 - 2015
91 301 948 940.6%
Source: Municipal Treasurer Office
However, growth in industry and commerce has been confined to the very far barangays which have not
been affected by lahar or flooding. One such barangay is Calibutbut where most commercial developments
are happening. The industrial development in Angeles City is one factor stimulating growth in this
barangay. Calibutbut is host to the Angeles Industrial Park which has a land area of 32 hectares and 17.44

LAND USE PLAN 2025
hectares of leasable space for light to medium industries. Another factor is the improved power and
telecommunication facilities in Calibutbut that are not available in other barangays of Bacolor. The physical
and infrastructure conditions in Calibutbut provide an environment conducive for expansion of industry
and commerce. Thus, of the total number of registered establishments in Bacolor, more than one-third is
located in Calibutbut (Table 2.52). Moreover, of the 15 newly developed residential subdivisions in Bacolor,
eight subdivisions are in Calibutbut. The scale of development of these housing subdivisions shows that
these projects cater to the growing number of medium and high income families that are supported by the
industrial heartland in the region.
The other barangays with growing commercial activity but at a lesser

degree than Calibutbut are those in the Poblacion specifically barangays
Cabambangan and Cabetican. Cabambangan is the institutional site
where the Municipal Hall, public market, schools, hospitals and other
institutions are located.. Its proximity to the San Fernando City node
enhances commercial activities in the area but infrastructure facilities are
limited thus a major constraint to development.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.52 Registered Business Establishment in Bacolor by Barangay, 2015 ( Source: Mun. Treasurer’s Office)
Type of Business
Barangay Real Recreation Sari- Construction, Others

Wholesale/ School/ Manu- Power
Services Food Estate/ and Hotels, sari Repair/main-
Retail Institutions facturing plant
Apartment Resorts store tenance/Shop
1. Balas 2
2. Cabalantian 47 10 5 4 1 3 5 2 5 10
3. Cabambangan 49 18 26 9 2 1 1 1 3
4. Cabetica n 30 22 9 5 1 2 2 1 12 8
5. Calibutbut 112 52 13 58 1 15 19 1 14 1 17
6. Concepcion 3 1 1
7. Dolores 5 1 1 3
8. Duat 1 2 1 1
9. Macabacle 3 1 1 3 1 1
10. Magliman 4 2 1 1 3
11. Maliwalu 3
12. Mesalipit 1
13. Parulog 3 1 4 9 1
14. Potrero 2 1
15. San Antonio 5 1 4 1 4
16. San Isidro 28 14 2 6 3 3 5 2 1 6
17. San Vicente 41 23 6 13 4 2 3 3 4 3
18. Sta. Barbara 15 1 1 4 2 2 8 4
19. Sta. Ines 18 7 13 11
20. Talba
21. Tinajero 8 1 1
TOTAL (948) 375 153 76 113 15 29 48 10 57 1 71

LAND USE PLAN 2025
TOURISM
Historical records show that Bacolor has been in existence as prosperous ancient settlement as early as
1571. In 1576, a local landlord, Guillermo Manabat, established the pueblo of Bacolor based on this ancient
settlement called “Baculud”. It was the Augustinian friars who were assigned to the town and they chose
San Guillermo Ermitano (St William the Hermit) as the town’s patron saint and in honor of the town’s
founder.
Strategically located, the town being at the crossroads between Guaugua, Macabebe, Lubao, Porac and
Mexico made the national government establish the provincial capital here in 1755 until its transfer to the
newly created town of San Fernando in 1903.
When the Bristish navy captured Manila in 1762, Gen Simon de Anda y Salazar moved to Bacolor and made
it the Spanish seat of government until 1764. During this period, the King of Spain through a royal decree
renamed the town to Villa de Bacolor and bestowed it with a special coat of arms with the motto Pluribus
Unum, Non Plus Ultra.
The material prosperity of Bacolor gave its people time to devote their efforts and wealth to things artistic
and spiritual. In the 18th century, Bacolor was being referred to as the “Athens of Pampanga” with the rise
into prominence of its poets, writers, painters, musicians, sculptors and other artists. Prominent among
these literary geniuses were Crisostomo Soto whose volume of literary work should put him in
Shakespeare’s league, Padre Anselmo Lorge de Fajardo who wrote an 832 pages stage play, the longest
work in Philippine literature entitled, Comedia Heroica de la Conquistda de Granada, zarzuela writer
Mariano Proceso Pabalan Byron and dramatist Felix Galura.
Among the tourist landmarks and events are the following:
• San Guillermo Church – a church founded and built by Augustinian friars in 1576 and was half-
buried by lahar and the National Shrine of Our Lady of Lourdes – famed for its healing powers.
• Monuments of Crisostomo Soto (Crissot), Felix Galura, Don Pablo Angeles David, Simon de Anda
Obelisk, Camposanto de Bacolor and Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University.
• Ancestral houses built during the Spanish era – Rodriguez House, Panlilio House, De Leon House,
Gonzales House and Malig House. These houses were owned or visited by famous personalities.
Jose Rizal once stayed in the Malig House.
• La Naval Fiesta – yearly festivity of Bacolor culture and traditions held every 3rd Sunday of
November. The main event is the Miss Bacolor Pageant, singing and dancing on the streets which
features various musical performances and other festivities.
• Mega Dikes and Tail Dike –This infrastructure was built to enclose and protect several towns of
Pampanga from lahar and flooding. These dikes are found only in Bacolor.
Information about tourist arrivals in the municipality is not available but San Guillermo Church and
resorts/hotels records in the area show a growing number of visitors. The San Guillermo Church, for
instance, is visited by more that 40,000 students from all over the country during the months of October
and November. Diaspora Farm Resort, likewise, receives some 4 to 5 thousand guests per year.
There are also hotels, resorts, restaurants and places of entertainment and relaxation, among them are:
 King’s Royal Hotel and Leisure Park, Brgy. Macabacle - is an hotel and resort operated in 2005. It
has 55 guest rooms and 6 villas. Occupancy rate on peak seasons (March –May and Oct- Dec) is
70-80-%. On off peak season occupancy rate is between 50-60%.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
 Angel Villas and Resort, Brgy. San Vicente – pool resort operated in April 2009. It has 2 pools and a
function hall.
 St. Agnes – a resort with function hall, pool and rooms for guests, used mainly for receptions like
weddings.
 Destiny Motel, Brgy. San Vicente – accommodation for transient visitors
 APAG Marangle, Brgy. Sta Barbara – a farm-themed restaurant specializing in Kapampangan
cuisines
 Diaspora Farm Resort, Brgy Sta Barbara – a farm-tourism resort showcasing agricultural products
and services combined with recreational activities
Bacolor, with its history and landscape, is a potential tourist destination but the tourism industry is still in
infancy. There is much to be done in terms of design and infrastructure development before tourism can be
a revenue-generating industry. To hasten the town’s rehabilitation and maximize its tourism potentials,
Bacolor need to enhance it’s a) Basic tourism facilities like, the construction of picnic grounds, parks, parking
areas and branding landmarks; b) Manpower and financing for the sustainability of tourism operations and
activities; c) Local Tourism Stakeholders coordination and linkage-building; d) Tourism sites promotion
through Social Media, and e) Entrepreneurship, by encouraging local delicacies and souvenir products
makerss and service providers to become vital actors in the development of a community-based eco-
tourism network.
INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
TRANSPORTATION NETWORK
Bacolor is accessible through two major roads: the Jose

Abad Santos Avenue (JASA), formerly the Gapan-San
Fernando-Olongapo Road (GSO), and the San Fernando-
Lubao Road, which directly passes through the Poblacion
area. The eastern portion of the Mega Dike also serves as
an alternate route for light vehicles coming from Angeles
City or San Fernando (Figure 5).
Data from the Municipal Engineer’s Office indicate that

the road network of Bacolor has a total length of 95.9
kilometers, consisting of 11.9 kms of National Roads, 28.4
kms of Provincial Roads, 1.7 kms of Municipal Roads, and 53.9 kms of Barangay Roads (Table 2.53). Although
all National Roads have been paved by asphalt and all Municipal Roads have been concreted, a major
percentage of Provincial and Barangay Roads remain unpaved. A total of about 26.6 kms or
94% of the total Provincial Roads are still unpaved while a total of 39.5 kms or 73% of the total Barangay
Roads have gravel or earth surfacing. In total, 66.1 kms out of the existing 95.9 kms, or about 69% of the
total road network in Bacolor requires pavement improvement.
Table 2.53 Length of Roads

Length (kms) Pavement Type
Classification
Concrete Asphalt Gravel Unpaved
National 11.9 - 11.9 - -
Provincial 28.4 1.8 - 0.7 25.9
Municipal 1.7 1.7 - - -
Barangay 53.9 14.4 - 5.0 34.5

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TOTAL 95.9 17.9 11.9 5.7 60.4

Source: DPWH III-District 1, Municipal Engineer’s Office
In addition, an inventory of the pavement

conditions in the national roads of Bacolor
would reveal that the quality of asphalt
pavement along JASA ranges from fair to
poor. Pavement rehabilitation would have to
be performed to increase the level of service
in this important road link to Bataan and
Zambales.
Figure 5. Major Road Network of Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.54 Pavement conditions in the National Roads

Pavement Length
Name Width Lanes Condition
Type (Approx.)
Jose Abad Santos Ave.
(JASA) Varies, from
Former Gapan-San Asphalt 5.6 km 10m- 3 to 4 Fair to Poor
Fernando-Olongapo 12m
Road (GSO Road)
San Fernando- Lubao Road Asphalt 6.3 km 6.10m 2 Fair
Source: Municipal Engineer’s Office
There are a total of 28 bridges and box culverts in Bacolor, in which 9 are
classified as national bridges, 2 are classified as municipal bridges and 17
are classified as barangay bridges/culverts. Of the 9 national bridges, seven
are located along JASA and 2 are located along the San Fernando-Lubao
Road. The bridges and culverts have a combined length of about 500 lineal
meters (Tables 2.55 and 2.56).
Table 2.55 Existing National Bridges

Length Type of
Name of Bridge Location Classification
(m) Pavement
1 Magliman Bridge JASA 15 Concrete National
2 Banlic Bridge JASA 10 Concrete National
3 Gugu Bridge I JASA 50 Concrete National
4 Gugu Bridge II JASA 50 Concrete National
5 Parulog JASA 10 Concrete National
6 Sta. Barbara Bridge I JASA 50 Concrete National
7 Sta. Barbara Bridge II JASA 10 Concrete National
8 Gugu Bridge SF- Lubao Rd. 50 Concrete National
9 Cabetican Bridge SF- Lubao Rd. 50 Concrete National
Table 2.56 Existing Municipal/Barangay Bridges

Length Type of
Name of Bridge Location Classification
(m) Pavement
1 San Vicente Br. San Vicente Rd. 6.0 Box Culvert Municipal
2 Cabambangan Br. Cabambangan Rd 6.0 RCPC Municipal
3 San Vicente Br. (Don Pablo) San Vicente Rd. 10.00 Concrete Barangay
San Isidro Pigulut Box San Isidro 6.0 Box Culvert Barangay
4
Culvert
5 San Isidro Bunlic Footbridge San Isidro 6.0 Foot Bridge Barangay
San Isidro Zone V Box San Isidro 6.0 Box Culvert Barangay
6
Culvert

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7 Balas Bridge Balas 6.0 RCPC Barangay

8 Concepcion Box Culvert Concepcion 6.0 Box Culvert Barangay
9 Macabacle Magcaling Foot Macabacle 6.0 Foot Bridge Barangay
Bridge
10 Macabacle Kalsarang Bayu Maliwalu 12.0 Steel Bridge Barangay
Bridge
11 Maliwalu Steel Br. Maliwalu 20.0 Steel Bridge Barangay
12 Parulog- San Antonio Br. Parulog 6.0 Concrete Bar/Prov
13 San Antonio- Duat Br. San Antonio 6.0 Box Culvert Barangay
14 San Antonio- Sta. Barbara San Antonio 6.0 Box Culvert Barangay
Bridge
15 Cabalantian Bridge I Cabalantian Rd. 10.0 Concrete Barangay
Zone 2
16 Pigulut Bridge Cabalantian Rd. 10.0 Concrete Barangay
Zone 4
17 Buki Bridge Cabalantian Rd. 10.0 Concrete Barangay
Zone 1
18 Bambang Bridge Cabalantian Rd. 10.0 Concrete Barangay
Zone 3
19 Burakan Bridge Cabalanatian Rd. 10.0 Concrete Barangay
Zone 6
PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION
Major public transport services include provincial

buses (Manila - Bataan/Olongapo), jeepneys (San
Fernando-Guagua) and tricycles. Tricycles serve as
the main mode for transport between barangays.
Most of the public transport terminals with trips to
all points of theLuzon are located in the City of San
Fernando, along the Gapan-San-Fernando Road
(JASA).
TRAFFIC VOLUME
Classified traffic count data from the DPWH-NRTSP conducted in January 26, 2009 and January 27, 2009
show that about 25,000 vehicles (both directions) pass the Gapan-San-Fernando Road (JASA) in Bacolor
daily (Table 2.57). Of these, about 78% (19,500) are classified as cars/jeepneys/vans, about 5% (1,200) are
buses, about 10% (2,500) are trucks, and about 7% (1,700) are classified as motorcycles and tricycles. The
sheer volume of daily traffic puts enormous stress to the Gapan-San Fernando-Olongapo Road (JASA).

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Table 2.57 Classified Traffic Count Data
Car/Jeep/ Motorcycle/
Traffic Site Date Bus Truck Total
Van Tricycle
Gapan-San Fernando - Jan 26,
Olongapo 2009 18,717 1,156 2,450 1,659 23,982
Road (JASA)
Gapan-SanFernando - Jan 27,
Olongapo 2009 19,914 1,267 2,751 1,865 25,797
Road (JASA)
TWO-DAY AVERAGE 19,316 1,212 2,600 1,762 24,890
Source: DPWH-NRTSP
FLOOD CONTROL AND DRAINAGE
Dikes continue to serve as Pampanga’s main catchment of lahar left

on the slopes of Mt. Pinatubo and on river channels. Bacolor is
virtually enclosed by the diking system built by the National
Government after Mt. Pinatubo erupted to protect the neighboring
towns of San Fernando, Sto. Tomas, Minalin, Sta. Rita, Guagua, and
Lubao from lahar (Figure 6).
The Mega Dikes were constructed from 1996 to 2000 to protect the
neighboring towns of Bacolor from lahar flows. The Mega Dikes serve to contain the flow of lahar along the
Pasig-Potrero River and the Gugu Creek. The eastern portion of the Mega Dike was asphalted to serve as an
alternate route to Angeles City. Ten barangays are enclosed within the Mega Dikes: Dolores, Maliwalu,
Potrero, Balas, Duat, Concepcion, Sta. Barbara, Parulog, San Antonio and San Vicente.
The Pasig-Potrero River used to flow on the west side of the Mega Dike System then towards the West
Spillway of the Transverse Dike. Deposition of lahar along the route of the river brought about by the series
of lahar events that ensued after the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo on 15 June 1991 caused the rising of the
ground surface on the west side.
Within the Mega Dike is the Transverse

Dike which was built on the northern
portion to lessen the impact of lahar
flows in the southern portion of Bacolor.
Specifically, it was built to protect JASA
and the Poblacion area. JASA is the only major road

linking the provinces of Bataan and Zambales to
other provinces in Luzon.
Another dike, the San Fernando-Sto. Tomas-

Minalin Tail Dike, is located near the southern
boundary of Bacolor. From JASA, this Tail Dike

LAND USE PLAN 2025
encloses the seven barangays of Cabalantian, Cabambangan, Sta. Ines, Cabetican, Talba, Tinajero and
Mesalipit.
The Gugu Dike, completed in 1995, has a total length of 7.8 kilometers. It was constructed to protect
neighboring barangays from overflowing lahars of the Gugu creek. The dike has undergone strengthening
through the years to withstand the onslaught of lahar and to protect the residents living in the southern
portion of Bacolor. Recently, endless rains have breached the Gugu Dike as water from the Gugu River has
chipped-off some section of the protective slope of the dike’s Tinajero Portion. The possible collapse of this
portion would endanger residents in Talba, Mesalipit and Tinajero.
Figure 6. Existing Flood Control Structures

LAND USE PLAN 2025
POWER SUPPLY
Electrification level in Bacolor is almost 100%. Three companies provide

electrification services: the Pampanga Electric Cooperative II (PELCO II), the San
Fernando Electric Light and Power Company (SFELAPCO), and the Angeles
Electric (AEC) which services Barangay Calibutbut. The Calibu Power Plant is
located in the industrial area of Barangay Calibutbut.
PELCO II serves power to 16 of the 21 barangays of

Bacolor. Its number of consumers increade by 9.4%
between 2015 and 2016 and with a corresponding
surge in consumption per kilowatt hour for the same period. The areas being
serviced by PELCO II and their power consumption are shown in Tables 2.58 and
2.59.
SFELAPCO provides electricity for barangays Cabalantian, San

Isidro, Magliman and Macabacle.
AEC, due to its proximity, is one the providers of electricity

for Calibutbut.
Table 2.58 Areas/Lines serviced by PELCO II

Potrero Cabambangan
Balas Santa Barbara
Tinajero Duat
Maliwalu Cabetican
Bacolor San Antonio Concepcion
San Vicente Part of Calibutbut
Santa Ines Sitio Banlic (Cabalantian)
Parulog Sitio Gugu (Cabalantian)
Talba Streetlights - Bacolor
Source: PELCO II
Table 2.59 Power Consumption of PELCO II, 2015 -2016

Average price Average Price
No. of Consumption in
Year Residential Comml/Indstl
Consumers kWh
Bacolor
2015 4,326 10,404,390.68 P 9.89 P 8.32
2016 4,732 12,026,119.82 P 10.02 P 8.48
Source: PELCO II
WATER SUPPLY and SANITATION
The water supply sector covers water produced by water systems, their
treatment, transmission and distribution to the different consumers namely:
domestic, commercial, industrial and institutional. The classification of water
supply systems generally follows the HLURB planning standard: Level 1: Point

LAND USE PLAN 2025
source, Level 2: Communal faucet, and Level 3: Individual connection.
Most of the residents still use Level 1 and Level 2 water systems. As of 2015, Level 1 users total 3,936
households while Level 2 users total 590 households. Level 3 water system or individual house connections
are provided by Bacolor Local Water Utilities Administration (LWUA) in the Poblacion area and its vicinity
with a total household connections of 2,381 in 2015 and 3,042 in 2016 (Table 2.60). Barangays that utilize
Level 3 water system are Cabambangan, San Vicente, Sta. Ines, Cabetican, Cabalantian and Calibutbut. The
Bacolor LWUA has included Barangay Sta. Barbara as one of its service areas
In 2016, the 3,042 number of connections represent a low 38 percent of the 8,000 numbers of households
that had Level III water connections The rest relied on Level I and Level II water systems.
An increasing trend has seen in the number of households with water sealed sewer for the last three years,
with a 30 percent increase registered from 2011-2015 figures. As of 2015, 97% of the total households had
water sealed toilet facilities.
Table 2.60 Areas Served, No. of Consumers and Consumption (in cu.m.)
2015 2016
Areas Served
Consumers Consumption (P) Consumers Consumption (P)
Cabambangan 177 13,204.00 215 9,952
Residential 155 3,713 194 3,781
Government 1 347 1 363
Comm’l A 19 222 18 237
Comm’l C 2 8,922 2 5,571
San Vicente 405 8,291 456 8,082
Residential 405 8,291 456 8,082
Sta Ines 322 6,023 388 6,113
Residential 321 5,979 1 6,077
Comm’l C 1 44 389 36
Cabetican 446 6,011 537 8,466
Residential 445 5,956 536 8,374
Sta Barbara 4 36 3 35
Residential 4 36 3 35
Cabalantian 512 10,254 774 13,231
Residential 490 9,058 186 10,245
Comm’l C 1 23 5 71
Sitio Banlic
Residential 11 908 186 2,586
Splenderosa
Residential 7 57 8 74
San Isidro 515 8,168 668 9,972

Residential 279 4,152 316 4,770
Solana
Residential 236 3,813 351 5,101
TOTAL 2,381 51,987 3,042 55,851
Source: Bacolor Water District

LAND USE PLAN 2025
COMMUNICATION
The Philippine Long Distance Telephone Company (PLDT) provides phone

line connections. In addition, cellular towers in the municipality and in
nearby San Fernando, provides services for wireless, cell phone subscribers of
Smart Communications, Globe Telecom and Sun Cellular. For Internet services,
Smart Bro and Converge are the main providers in the municipality.
With regards to postal services, there is one PhilPost Office in the Municipal Hall
Complex. For media services, there are no local radio stations or television
networks in the municipality. Cable television is provided by Dream Cable,
Converge and Cignal.
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES SECTOR
A brief profile of the existing situation on the use and development of Bacolor Municipality’s environment
and natural resources (ENR) is presented in this section. The issues and problems including natural hazards
and risks and the rehabilitation challenges in the ENR sector are also examined.
AGRICULTURE AND FISHERIES RESOURCES

Figure 7. Vegetation Cover, Bacolor
VEGETATION COVER
There are no forest lands in Bacolor. About

42% or almost half of the total land area of
Bacolor Municipality is presently covered with
grasses (Table 2.65 and Figure 7). Lands
cultivated to agricultural crops and orchards
comprise 45% while fishponds and hatcheries
occupy about 3.8% of the total land area of
the municipality. Swamps and wetlands
comprise 1.52% and brush/shrublands cover
0.6%. Built-up and open areas cover about
5.4% and 1.7%, respectively.
AGRICULTURAL LANDS
The economy of the municipality depends a lot on agriculture and

aquaculture. In 2008, about 2,511.03 hectares of agricultural lands
are productive and are being cultivated to agricultural crops such as
rice, sugarcane, and vegetables and root crops. About 1,321.3515
hectares of agricultural lands are unproductive with cogon grass as
vegetation cover. These unproductive lands can still be
rehabilitated for agricultural use. It is important for the municipality
to determine and identify the agricultural lands that can still be
restored so that those which are no longer viable for agricultural
uses can be converted to other productive urban uses.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.61 Vegetation Cover in Bacolor Municipality
Vegetation Type Area (Hectares) % of Total

Cultivated Land 3,102.00 39.24
Rice Paddies 371.10 4.69
Grassland 3,317.00 41.96
Orchard 81.11 1.02
Brush/Shrublands 47.71 0.60
Built Up Areas 427.20 5.40
Cemetery 1.48 0.01
Open Areas 134.70 1.70
Swamp/Wetlands 120.70 1.52
Fishponds/Hatchery 301.00 3.80
TOTAL 7,904.00* 100.00
Source : MPDO *With overlapping areas
Bacolor has a total agriculture area of 5,331.197 or 75% of the total municipal land. Hence, a big part of the
municipality’s economy still depends on agricultural production. In 2008, about 2,048 hectares were
cultivated to various types of crops. Of this total area, ricelands occupy 725.79 hectares or 35.43% of the
total agricultural areas. The average production of rice was 3,277 metric tons during the same period. The
prominent rice producing areas include Barangays San Isidro, Cabetican, San Antonio, Parulog, Magliman
and Sta. Barbara. Two barangays, namely: Barangay San Isidro and Magliman continue to produce rice since
their ricelands suffered only minimal damage from lahar flow. Barangay San isidro has a riceland area of
about 300 hectares while Magliman has a total riceland area of 108 hectares.
Compared to rice, sugarcane occupies a bigger area of 983.43 ha or 48% of the cropland area. Its production
in 2007 was 333.79 MT. Corn is planted in 172 hectares while gabi is the dominant crop in Bacolor with
167.30 hectares planted to it with a production of 2,475 MT. Barangay San isidro is the largest gabi
producer in Bacolor and those farmers who cultivate gabi
earns better income than the other farmers.
In 2007, fishponds occupy 252.60 hectares and most of

them are located in barangays Balas, Cabetican, San Isidro,
Macabacle, Parulog and Sta. Barbara. The types of fishes
raised are tilapia, catfish and mudfish.
Barangays that were marshy and swampy areas before the

eruption include: Talba, Tinajero, Cabalantian and
Mesalipit. They were good source of palm trees (nipa).
SOIL TYPES
The soil types of Bacolor are shown in Figure 8 and Table 2.62. Almost 50% of the soils in the municipality is
of the Angeles fine sand. This type of soil is suitable to sugarcane, corn, rice, camote, cassava, melons
vegetables and fruit trees. Some of the areas with this soil type are not planted because of the threat of
flooding and lahar.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.62 Soil Types found in Bacolor Municipality
Soil Types Area (Hectares) % of Total

Angeles Sand 523.20 6.60
Angeles Fine Sand 3,886.00 49.07
Angeles Coarse Sand 779.40 9.84
La Paz Fine Sand 1,666.00 21.03
La Paz Silt Loam 108.10 1.36
Quingngua Silt Loam 326.10 4.11
Hydrosol 629.60 7.95
TOTAL 7,918.40 * 100.0
*With overlaaping areas
Source: MPDO
The other soil types found in Bacolor are as follows: Angeles Fine sand (6.6%), Angeles coarse sand (9.84%),
La Paz fine sand (21.03%), La Paz silt loam (1.36%), Quingngua silt loam (4.11%) and hydrosol (7.95%).
Figure 8. Soil Map of Bacolor Municipality
RIVERS and WETLANDS
There are about 74 km of rivers and creeks in Bacolor. Twenty one (21) streams dissect Bacolor, of which
the two most important are the major Pasig-Potrero River system and the Gugu Creek system. The large
number of streams traversing a land area of only 71 km2 is due to the fact that Bacolor is situated within an
alluvial fan. An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped landform produced by the accumulation of sediments deposited
when a stream from higher elevation flattens, slows, and spreads as it exits onto a flatter plain. Stream

LAND USE PLAN 2025
channel braiding is a common phenomenon in alluvial fans in which singular channels can split and rejoin as
they are alternately eroded and filled with sediments.
At present, the Bacolor alluvial fan is restricted within the FVR megadike and the GSO Road. The FVR
megadike, together with its transverse dikes, has influenced the development of the Bacolor alluvial fan
since its construction during the midnineties. The channel of downstream portion of the Pasig-Potrero River
has been inactive for the last 7-8 years due to lahar deposits that have elevated the channel. The lahar
deposits could have devastated the Municipality of Sta. Rita if not for the western megadike that confined
the deposits within Bacolor. The still active upstream portion of the Pasig-Potrero River merged with the
Gugu Creek in the vicinity of Barangays Dolores and Concepcion. South of the GSO Road, the Gugu Creek
spills onto a low-lying alluvial plain where it eventually exits to the coastal marshes of Pampanga Bay.
The rivers and creeks (Table 2.63) in Bacolor function as natural drainage systems for the municipality
thereby preventing frequent flooding of the adjacent plain. However, the continuous deposition of gravel,
sand, silt and other debris clogs long stretches of the rivers and creeks particularly in the downstream
portions resulting in the substantial reduction of their drainage capacity. Thus, flooding of the valley or
portions of it happens frequently.
Another physical phenomenon that obstructs the flow of water in the PasigPotrero and Gugu rivers is the
erosion of their river and stream banks. This causes the stream course to change and pollute the stream
water with particulates or suspended sand and silt. Aside from degrading the water quality, eroded
materials are deposited downstream as sand bars that block the free flow of water. This phenomenon
aggravated flooding in the downstream area of Bacolor municipality.
Prior to the Mount Pinatubo eruption and even after the major lahar events in the 1990s, the
hydrogeological condition in these areas is characterized by shallow (<30 m) alluvial deposit aquifers with
varying yields form 2 liters per second (lps) to more than 20 lps. Groundwater movement is entirely
intergranular. After the Pinatubo eruption, an average of 6 to13 meters thick of pyroclastic materials were
deposited over Bacolor. Lahar deposits, which are mostly sand-sized sediments, have moderate to high
hydraulic conductivities which allows groundwater to move with relative ease. A borehole drilled in 2002
at Barangay Cabambangan indicated a saturated condition in lahar deposits 2 meters below ground
surface. However, even if a saturated condition exists in lahar deposits, groundwater yields in these layers
could still be limited due to its limited extent, in contrast to the older and deeper alluvial deposit aquifers
(Environmental Impact Assessment for Manila Third Sewerage Project, 2005).
The numerous streams in Bacolor contribute to the large groundwater supply of the municipality. Most
residents are dependent on Level 1 and Level 2 water systems (shallow and deep wells). As of 2016, there
are 4,033 Level 1 and 900 Level 2 water systems throughout Bacolor. Only 3,042 households are connected
to the Level 3 water system. These households are within the barangays of Cabambangan, Cabalantian,
Sta. Ines, San Vicente, Sta Barbara and Cabetican, which are in the Poblacion area, and Barangay Calibutbut
which is an industrial area.
Table 2.63 Inventory of Creeks and Rivers (2015)

Estimated
Name of River/Creek Location
Length (Km)
1. Olea Creek 1.13 Sta. Ines, Cabetican
2. San Isidro Pigulut Creek 0.34 San Isidro
3. Sinipit Creek 0.44 Cabambangan, Cabetican
4. San Isidro Caldera Creek 0.37 San Isidro
5. Maliwalu Creek 10.40 Maliwalu

LAND USE PLAN 2025
6. Sapang Pulu Creek 0.99 Talba, Mesalipit

7. San Antonio Creek 4.60 San Antonio
8. Macabacle Creek 1.28 Macabacle
9. Magliman-Macabacle Creek 1.28 Magliman, Macabacle
10. Sta. Barbara Creek 1.64 Sta. Barbara
Maliwalu, Balas, Potrero, Duat, Sta. Barbara,
11. Pasig-Potrero River 15.12
Cabetican
12. Banlic Creek 0.75 San Isidro, Cabalantian
Calibutbut, Maliwalu, Dolores, Concepcion, San
13. Gugu River 24.49 Isidro, San Vicente, Cabalantian, Tinajero, Talba,
Mesalipit
14. Cabetican Creek 0.17 Cabetican
15. Telabangka Creek 4.80 Cabalantian
16. Parulog Creek 1.28 Parulog
17. Concepcion Creek 1.28 Concepcion
18. Cabalantian Creek 0.80 Cabalantian
19. Concepcion-San Antonio Creek 1.28 Concepcion
20. San Vicente-Cabambangan San Vicente, Cabambangan
1.48
Creek
21. Tinajero-Talba Creek 1.20 Tinajero, Talba
TOTAL LENGTH 75.12
Source: MEO, 2015
The wetland areas of Bacolor include Barangays Cabalantian (southern portions), Mesalipit, Talba, and
Tinajero. These are the same areas utilized for freshwater fisheries prior to the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo. A
total of 275 hectares were then used to produce predominantly tilapia and sugpo.
As of 2014, most of the fishponds are located in Barangays Balas, Cabetican, San Isidro, Macabacle, Parulog
and Sta. Barbara. There are 252 hectares of freshwater fishponds being operated by 167 fish farmers in
Bacolor. Bacolor was able to produce 2,278.65 metric tons of tilapia/carp between 2007- 2010 (CLUP 2008-
2012).
MINERAL RESOURCES
The eruption of Mt. Pinatubo generated a resource in the form of sand for the affected municipalities of
Pampanga Province. Sand deposited in the PasigPotrero River and the Gugu Creek has been designated for
quarrying by the LGU. By allowing quarrying of the sand in the designated 190 hectares along the river, its
channel is continually being desilted to allow better flow of water during the rainy season. This continuous
excavation reduces flood waters from affecting downstream areas. Aside from this benefit, the estimated
amount of money that can be generated from the full extraction of about 12.6 million m 3 of lahar is about
P25.22 billion. This estimate is based on the assumption that the average depth of lahar to be extracted
from the designated quarry areas of 210 hectares is 6 meters and the selling price per cubic meter of lahar
is 200 Pesos. The price per cubic meter of lahar is projected to increase in the future as the non-metallic
mineral resource is continually depleted.
The designated sand quarry areas are located along the Pasig-Potrero River and Gugu Creek. These
designated quarry areas are within the following barangays: Potrero, Balas, Duat, Dolores, Maliwalu,

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Cabalantian, Cabetican and San Vicente. Illegal extraction is also going on in other barangays not
designated as quarry sites.
Substantial benefits are currently being received by Bacolor and some of its barangays in the sale of lahar
sand. Barangays Cabalantian, Calibutbut, Dolores, Maliwalo, Mesalipit, Potrero, San Isidro, San Vicente, Sta.
Barbara and Talba received 8,494,500.00 Pesos in the second semester of 2008 as shares from lahar quarry
based on the Production Report of all Permittees/Quarry Operators by Municipality and its barangays. In
2016, income from taxes on lahar quarrying reached 11,252,260.00 Pesos.
INSTITUTIONAL SECTOR
This section of the report covers two sub-sectors: a) institutional development which includes analysis of
the role and functions of various LGU institutions and organizations, human resource development, front
line services, and institutional linkages, and b) public finance which covers assessment of issues and
problems associated with resource allocation, revenue mobilization and expenditure management.
In the sections that follow, the goals and objectives of each sub-sector, as well as the strategies and policies
that will serve as the framework for the achievement of such goals and objectives will be outlined briefly.
In the process, the profiles of specific programs, projects and activities for implementation will be
presented
INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
This section will focus on two (2) major components: First, the present size, manpower complement and
qualifications of personnel of the various offices and organizations in the Bacolor municipal government
will be assessed. Such an assessment shall serve as a basis for the formulation of institutional reforms,
organizational changes, and for the crafting of capability building and human resource development
programs, Second, attention will also be given to various issues and problems that characterize the local
planning and resource mobilization and investment programming processes. Based on the assessment of
such processes, reforms in local planning, investment programming and budgeting will be recommended.
The Municipal Government Bureaucracy
As shown in Figure 9, the Bacolor LGU bureaucracy is relatively small and simple. Inclusive of the
Sanggunian Bayan, there are currently 14 government offices in the municipality most of which perform
largely staff, advisory and regulatory functions. A few offices (e.g., Municipal Engineer, Municipal
Agriculturist, Rural Health Officer, and the Municipal Social Welfare Development Officer undertake line
and service delivery functions.
Exclusive of the “casuals,” the municipal government employs a total of ninety one (91) personnel (Table
2.64). The evidence presented reveals that the distribution of personnel is very uneven. In general,
however, the offices in the municipal government are greatly undermanned especially in the case of the
municipal engineer’s and budget offices which are solely manned by their respective heads performing
both administrative and technical tasks. The situation at the Municipal Planning and Development Office is
much better where there are only two (2) personnel inclusive of the Municipal Planning Development
Coordinator (MPDC). It is, however, difficult to imagine how a two-person office can cope with the
demands of producing various plan documents as required by the 1991 Local Government Code.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.64 Personnel Complement of Bacolor*
Name of Office No. of Employees Percentage

Mayor's Office 12 13.1%
Sangguniang Bayan 14 15.3%
Municipal Planning and Development Office 2 2.1%
Local Civil Registrar 4 4.3%
Budget Office 2 2.1%
Accounting Office 5 5.4%
Treasurer's Office 6 6.5%
Assessor's Office 5 5.4%
Engineering Office 2 2.1%
Special Units 4 4.3%
Market 5 5.4%
Cemetery 4 4.3%
Rural Health Unit I 11 12.0%
Rural Health Unit II 5 5.4%
Social Welfare and Development Office 2 2.1%
Municipal Agricultural Office 6 6.5%
Mun. Disaster Risk Reduction Mngt. Office 2 2.1%
TOTAL 91 100%
Source: Human Resource Office – Municipal Government of Bacolor, *Plantilla positions
Although the roles and functions of each are clear-cut, there is the need to further define the lines of
supervision and accountability in order to achieve greater complementation among various offices. This is
to promote towards greater efficiency and productivity in the entire municipal government bureaucracy.
Below is the inventory of personnel and their status.
Table 2.65 Inventory of Personnel, Bacolor

Nature of Appointment No. Percentage
Permanent 75 57.3%
Temporary 2 1.5%
Co-Terminous 3 2.3%
Elective 11 8.4%
Casuals 40 30.5%
TOTAL 131 100%
Source: Human Resource Office – Bacolor LGU

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Organizational Chart
JOSE MARIA O. HIZON. SANGGUNIANG BAYAN

MAYOR EDUARDO DATU
VICE MAYOR
EMILY G BATAC
NILO M. CABALLA
Private Secretary JOEL D. SAMIA
Secretary VOLTAIRE O. SAN PEDRO
GLORIA T. CRUZ
MUN. EFREN BLANCO
CRUZ.ADMINISTRATOR DARWIN ANGELES
ARIEL STA CRUZ
ENER LAMPA
CARLITO LAXA
ABC Pres
MAYOR’S OFFICE E
STAFF NVICKY PINEDA
SB SECRETARY
E
N
E
NELI A S. NENITA E. MARIETTA G. GLORIA T. CRUZ R RENATO LEE BON MATIC,Jr
FELIX
AESCOTO
ESCOT GONZALES RODRIGUEZ MUN. PLANNING ENTERPRISE
MDRRM
MATI Officer
MUN. TREASURER LOCAL CIVIL MUN. ENGINEER AND MUN. BUDGET
REGISTRAR DEVELOPMENT OFFICER CG
COORDINATOR
NALAYNA PINEDA HONORIO PINEDA VERONICA IMPERIAL RHU I HEALTH OFFICER

(EDNA SUN MUN. MUN. SOC. WELFARE AND (13)
MUN. ASSESSOR AGRICULTURIST DEVT OFFICER
MUN. DRA. JANET TRINIDAD
ACCOUNTANT RHU II – RURAL HEALTH
OFFICER
Figure 9. Organizational Chart of Bacolor Local Government

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Public Finance
This section shall present a preliminary assessment of the financial capacity of Bacolor. It will look at
trends in the growth of its financial resources, examine its revenue potentials, as well as provide an
analysis of patterns of expenditure. In the process, issues and problems will be identified.
The Annual Budget
The total annual budgets of the municipality of Bacolor over a thirteen-year period are presented in Table
2.70. The evidence reveals that the LGU’s annual budget is small and has moderately grown from 2003 to
2005 but slid down in 2006 and 2007. It was on its upward trend once again in 2008 but faltered in 2012
only to recover in the following year. Over the last four years, the annual budget of Bacolor has steadily
increased by 21% annually. To some extent, the growth in the municipality’s budget can be attributed to
increases in business and real property taxes, a reflection of a moderate and optimistic resurgence of
business activity and the implementation of revenue generating measures starting in 2010.
Table 2.66 Annual Budget, Bacolor (2003-2016)

Fiscal Year Amount
2003 43,638,891.68
2004 55,350,477.09
2005 58,189,760.75
2006 43,967,827.08
2007 45,000,894.97
2008 53,248,702.23
2009 59,931,755.00
2010 65,630,952.00
2011 83,173,692.41
2012 80,415,032.58
2013 94,697,798.37
2014 112,711,639.74
2015 130,699,039.74
Source: Treasurer’s Office - Bacolor
Revenues and IRA
The contribution of various sources to the municipality’s total revenues for the period 2006 and 2014 is
shown in Table 2.67. The data reveal the lessening dependence of the municipality on the Internal
Revenue Allotment (IRA) constituting well over 50 percent of its income over the five-year period.
Although the evidence of business resurgence is becoming visible nad felt, the low levels of the
municipality’s “own source” revenues can obviously be attributed to the locality’s eroded tax base resulting
from the massive damage caused by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo, and the subsequent flight of the town’s
residents to resettlement sites.
Thus, the collection of the real property tax (a main source of revenues for LGUs) has become very
challenging in the municipality. The situation could, however, improved in the future as many residents
have indicated a desire to return to Bacolor given some progress in rehabilitation and development efforts.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.67 Income by Source, Bacolor, 2006- 2014
Fiscal Year
Particulars
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Amusememnt
Tax 324165.75 243725.75 206175 239652.50 755417.50 847970
Business Tax 10169083.4

6729134.89 6458559.66 7144363.19 9863779.91 12762495.81
3
Community Tax 817263.48 946728.15 906348.19 948156.59 1042804.54 1168180.94
Franchise Tax 22870 21373.75 35050
Real Property
Tax + SEF 4466567.50 3905918.87 5619254.07 6691894.61 10134505.57 3,098,831.34
RPT Share/PTO 37716.34 59206.54

Deferred RPT 800881.06
Gravel/sand Tax 7699500 8559000 8023500 7290000 8421750 11252250
Other Taxes
Fines/Penalties 46314.75 99625.32 115491.74 143285.22 3329584.65
Permit fees
1020731.57 1105184 1543377.35 24287957.53 2729657.64
Registration
830 732 882 808 516630
fees
Other Permit
14418180 12161500 12380000 20887000 22295000
fees
Clearance/Certif
333107.07 647300 368605 464621.68 4079649.40 959020
ication Fees
Garbage Fees 69100 75750 110201 126295 122895 166575
Inspection fees 230360 362600 431645 465850 699090.05
Other fees 163009 199090 279960 474438.85 498129.98

Other Service
448625.13 166079.72 12569.80 71195.94
Income
Income-
Cemetery 8426.66 5500 25681.08 7500 18051.34 15367.58
Operations
Market Fees 112699 240265 209000 663345.90 830460
Other Business
& Service 5800 1570555.38 42604.85 20635.64
Income
PCSO Share 609308.94 842138.01

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INTERNAL
REVENUE 45,866,459 44,515,805 54,417,485 61,667,562 69,914,828 76,873,596
ALLOTMENT
IRA
828340 528340 528340 226896
Monetization
Interest Income 39123.06 41750.99 12672.95 51876.94 133312.48
Prior Year
179048.68
Adjustment
Misc. Income 191161 418030.09 328344.94 361293.86
TOTAL 83,173,692 80,415,012 94,692,985 112,711,639 130,699,039 138,159,697
Source: Treasurer’s Office – Bacolor
`
Table 2.68 Share of IRA in Total Revenues, Bacolor, 2006-2016
Internal Percentage
Total
Fiscal Year Revenue (IRA to Total Income
Income/Revenue
Allotment and Revenue
2006 23,660,665.00 42,936,163.43 55%
2007 26,142,415.00 43,276,168.60 60%
2008 34,497,534.00 53,248,702.23 65%
2009 40,846,405.00 59,931,755.00 68%
2010 40,170,237.00 65,630,952.00 61%
2011 45,866,459.00 83,173,692.41 55%
2012 44,515,805.00 80,415,012.58 55%
2013 54,417,485.00 94,692,985.34 57%
2014 61,667,652.00 112,711,639.74 54%
2015 69,914,828.00 130,699,039.74 53%
2016 76,873,596.00 138,159,697.88 56%

Source: Municipal Treasurer
LAND USE SECTOR
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES
LOCATION
The municipality of Bacolor is located practically in the center of Pampanga Province (Figure 10). It lies east of
Mt. Pinatubo and southwest of Mt. Arayat. It is also south of nearby Angeles City and west of the adjacent City

LAND USE PLAN 2025
of San Fernando. On its western side, it is bounded by the municipalities of Porac, Sta. Rita and Guagua while
on its southern portion it is bounded by the towns of Minalin and Sto. Tomas. In terms of its astronomical
location, its mid-point lies at coordinates 1500’5” North Latitude and 120039’14” East Longitude. Lying north of
Metro Manila, it can be reached from the metropolis via the North Luzon Expressway, MacArthur Highway and
Jose Abad Santos Avenue.
BARANGAYS OF BACOLOR & LAND AREA
Bacolor has an officially declared total land area of 7,110 hectares or 71.10 square kilometers. It is composed
of 21 barangays, namely, Balas, Cabalantian, Cabambangan, Cabetican, Calibutbut, Concepcion, Dolores, Duat,
Macabale,
Magliman, Maliwalu, Mesalipit, Parulog, Potrero, San Antonio, San Isidro, San Vicente, Santa Barbara, Santa
Ines, Talba and Tinajero. The biggest barangays are
Maliwalu in the north at 1217 hectares
and Cabalantian in the south at 991 hectares while its smallest barangays are Cabambangan at 46 hectares and
Santa Ines at 99 hectares. The town has an elongated shape that trends northwest to southeast.
Figure 10. Municipal Map of Bacolor
21 Barangays of
Bacolor

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Figure 11. Index Map, Bacolor

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Figure 12. Base Map, Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
LANDFORM, ELEVATION AND SLOPE
The geomorphology of the town shows that it is characterized by two types of landform – a broad alluvial plain
in the north and a small coastal plain in the south. There are three rainfall catchment areas, namely, the
megadike, the Pasig-Potrero River and the Maliwalu Creek, with the megadike interior accounting for half of
the total watershed area. The elevations in the municipality range from 60 meters in the north to 5 meters in
the south. The increase in elevations in the north has been attributed to the deposition of lahar after the
eruption of Mt. Pinatubo in 1991. In terms of slope, the whole town is relatively flat with a slope range of 0 to
3 percent, which is technically described as level to nearly level. In fact, for the stretch of 20.57 kilometers
within the whole length of the megadike area the average slope is 1.02 percent.
SOIL
Due to the 1991 eruption of Mount Pinatubo, some 5 to 8 billion cubic meters of volcanic ash were spewed
around the surrounding areas. Rainfall following the eruption aggravated the scenario by carrying these ashes
to the lower regions and causing the occurrence of lahar flows. These lahar flows were noted to have
contributed to more casualties and destruction compared to the eruption itself. Scientists observed that most
of the materials were mostly gravel and sand-sized porphyritic, biotite-hornblende, quartz, and latite pumice
with a few boulder-sized fragments.
The mixture of these pyroclastic materials that covered the municipality of Bacolor had turned the once fertile
soil initially into a barren wasteland. Acidity and high silica content of the materials were the primary causes
of its infertility that prevented the conduct of agricultural activities. With time, the prevailing climate pattern
in the area and the continuous flow of Pasig – Potrero River and Gugu Creek have contributed to the
weathering and the lessening of the materials’ acidic property. Supplemented by the growing community of
biomolecular/ microbial organisms, revegetation occurred. This helped in the reestablishment of garmineous
and leguminous plant communities that provided the needed boost to the formation of organic nitrogen and
carbon of the soil. Due to the sandy nature of the lahar materials, sweet potato and malunggay (Moringa
oleifera) were observed by some studies to have initially survived and thrived in the area. The plants also
helped in reintroducing the organic materials needed by the soil. Prior to the eruption, Bacolor was famous
for planting root crops such as gabi/taro (Colocasia esculenta). Eighteen years later, the people of Bacolor are
now observed to be planting their lands once again to gabi/taro, rice, corn and sugarcane, among others.
It would be instructive to know the original soils of Bacolor in terms of their characteristics, suitability and
location for the possibility that some of them may get
exposed later in the continuous process of fluvial erosion.
It is also possible that the nutrients of these soils will get
mixed with lahar through plants participating in the
nutrient cycle.
The most extensive soil type occupying 3,886 hectares in

Bacolor is the Angeles Fine Sand which lies in the middle
of the town. The surface relief of this soil type is nearly
level to slightly undulating and is well-drained both
internally and externally. It is not susceptible to serious
erosion, but because of the loose texture of the soil,
crops suffer from lack of moisture especially during
drought periods. Being sandy in texture, it can be
improved by adding much humus as well as inorganic
fertilizer. It is suitable for the growing of sugarcane and
rice, although it can also support vegetables and fruit trees. Presently, these are the crops grown in the area.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Another important soil type in the municipality is La Paz Fine Sand which occupies 1,666 hectares and is
located on the north interspersed by Angeles Coarse Sand. La Paz Fine Sand is among the best soils of the
province and it occurs on nearly level to slightly undulating terrain. It has a good drainage condition both
externally and internally and can be exposed and cultivated without much danger from soil erosion. To
improve its water-holding capacity, organic matter in the form of compost fertilizer may be added. It is suited
to sugar cane, rice and coconut, although root crops and vegetables can also be grown in it.
Among the less important soil types in the town is Angeles Coarse Sand which occupies 779 hectares and
occurs as elongated strips in the north. This soil consists of beds of intermittent rivers and creeks which dry
up after the rainy season. It is also deposited along the banks of shallow rivers and creeks. Its texture ranges
from coarse to medium sand from the surface down to a depth of one meter or more. Gravels may be present
in the subsoil. Because of its coarse nature it cannot hold water which percolates easily to the lower soil
horizons. Soil conditioning would require substantial amounts of organic fertilizer and if this is done, the soil is
suitable to sugar cane and lowland rice. Angeles Sand is a minor soil type in terms of hectarage and is not
particularly conducive to agriculture unless conditioned with humus. However, two good but a really limited
soil types are the La Paz Silt Loam and Quinga Silt Loam. The former has a flat surface relief, is friable and has a
good moisture-holding capacity. It is suitable to sugar cane and rice although citrus is observed to thrive well
in it. The latter which is also found at the lower relatively flat portions of the town can be farmed with a
minimum of effort, being loose and easily cultivable. Sugar cane and rice thrive well in it and it is amenable to
the use of farm machinery. The Hydrosol which occupies about 630 hectares at the lower edge of the locality
is waterlogged and can be converted to fishponds.
GROUNDWATER
Generally, the town has high accessibility to

groundwater. The northern half which is more
elevated has portions that allow either shallow or
deepwell (Figure 15). Shallow well areas are those
where the water table is within 20 meters while the
deepwell sections are those where water is
available at depths greater than 20 meters. The
lower southern half, however, has a high water-
yielding potential, with shallow well areas within 20
meters. Drawing water heretofore domestic,
industrial and irrigation purposes should pose no
problem.
In places like Tinajero, Mesalipit and Talba,

saltwater intrusion is most likely a problem because
of their proximity to Manila Bay. The pervasive
drawing of groundwater in these places can
exacerbate the problem.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 13. Geomorphological Map, Bacolor

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Figure 14. Slope Map, Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
CLIMATE
Bacolor, along with Pampanga Province, is

classified under the Type I Modified Coronas
Classification System, i.e., it has two
pronounced seasons – dry from November to
April and wet during the rest of the year. It is
characteristic of the western coastal areas of
the country which are affected by the moisture
– bearing southwest monsoon. Somehow, the
town is shielded from tropical cyclones coming
from the east by the Sierra Madre Mountains.
But this eastern geographic barrier can also
lessen the amount of rainfall falling within the
Central Plain of Luzon where the town is
located.
The municipality’s climatic conditions are inferred from the nearby climatic station in Clark Airport, Pampanga.
As Table 2.73 shows, the total annual rainfall for the period 1997-2000 in the area is 2,142 millimeters, which
is lower than the national total of 2,366 millimeters. The mean relative humidity is rather high at 77 percent.
The area has a mean temperature of 27.10 Celsius, which is almost the same as the national average of 26.90
Celsius. The temperature range is small (25.60 on January and 28.60C in April) but the rainfall range is quite
high (26.2 mm in January and 377.6 mm in October). If farming is to be conducted during the dry months,
much irrigation water would be needed.
DRAINAGE
As shown in the different thematic maps, the major river system flowing through the municipality is the Pasig-
Potrero River with headwaters in the originating from the town of Porac. It used to have a southwesterly
direction until its course shifted northeasterly when it was blocked by the deposition of lahar. Its course is
now extended by Gugu Creek flowing between the Lateral Dike and the Eastern Megadike. Close to the
western side of the town are small water channels such as the Parulog Creek and Baluyot River that flow
through the breaks in the Transverse Dike.
Before the onslaught of lahar deposition, there used to be many tributary and distributary creeks in the
municipality, but these have disappeared now. This condition where natural water channels have disappeared
contributes to the susceptibility particularly of the eastern and southern portions of the locality to flooding
and mudflow deposition. Where water flow has been impeded, waterlogging has occurred, in the process
encouraging residents to construct fishponds as seen in Balas, Santa Barbara and Macabacle.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 2.69 Climatic Characteristics of Bacolor, Pampanga as Inferred from Clark Airport Climatic Station
AIRPORT CLIMATIC STATION NORMAL VALUES
Station Name: CLARK AIRPORT, PAMPANGA Latitude : 15010’18” N Elevation: 154.821 m

Period : 1997-2000 Longitude : 120 033’42” E
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16)
Rainfall Temperature Wind No. Days w/
Months Amount No. Max Min Mean Dry Wet Dew Vapor Rel. MSLP DIR SPD Cloud TSTM LTNG
(mm) of (0C) (0C) (0C) Bulb Bulb Pt. Pressure Hum. (MBS) (16 (mps) Amount
RD (0C) (0C) (0C) (mbs) % pt) (okta)
Jan 26.2 4 30.2 21.0 25.6 25.0 21.3 19.7 22.8 72 1013.4 NW 2 4 0 0
Feb 33.4 3 31.2 21.1 26.1 25.5 21.5 19.8 22.9 70 1013.9 ENE 2 4 0 0
Mar 41.8 6 32.5 22.3 27.4 26.8 22.4 20.6 24.1 68 1011.7 NE 2 4 2 1
Apr 118.3 11 33.7 23.5 28.6 27.9 23.3 21.5 25.4 68 1010.9 ENE 2 4 7 5
May 185.3 17 32.5 23.9 28.2 27.4 24.1 22.9 27.7 76 1009.6 S 2 5 14 9
Jun 135.8 16 32.0 23.8 27.9 27.1 24.3 23.3 28.4 79 1009.8 S 2 6 12 11
Jul 373.9 23 30.8 23.6 27.2 26.3 24.2 23.4 28.7 84 1008.9 S 2 6 16 8
Aug 366.7 23 31.0 23.4 27.2 26.3 24.2 23.4 28.7 84 1009.8 S 2 6 17 10
Sep 323.2 25 30.1 23.2 26.7 25.7 24.0 23.4 28.7 87 1008.9 S 2 6 11 5
Oct 377.6 17 30.7 23.4 27.1 26.3 24.0 23.1 28.2 83 1009.6 S 2 6 4 4
Nov 67.6 10 30.9 23.0 26.9 26.2 23.1 22.0 26.4 78 1010.6 NE 2 5 1 4
Dec 91.8 12 29.7 22.3 26.0 25.3 22.5 21.4 25.3 79 101.2 NNE 3 5 0 0
ANNUAL 2141.6 167 31.3 22.9 27.1 26.3 23.2 22.0 26.3 77 1010.8 S 2 5 84 57
Source: PAGASA

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 15. Groundwater Map, Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
CHAPTER 3
DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS AND

CHALLENGES
LAND USE ISSUES AND CONCERNS
LAND USE PROBLEMS
Despite the lapse of 26 years since the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo ravaged the town of Bacolor with massive
flows of lahar, there are still areas where the land can only be used in a controlled manner because lahar
and sediment deposition as well as flooding have yet to stabilize. However, there are already many areas
which are developable or could specifically be used for urban activities as these are no longer highly
susceptible to natural hazards.
Thus, the major land use constraint is the limited extent of municipal land for urban expansion on account
of the continuing susceptibility of many areas to lahar and mud deposition as well as flooding. Lands that
cannot be “buildable” are those within the megadike watershed stretching from the northern boundary of
the town down to the Transverse Dike. These can only be used for cultivation of sugarcane, rice and
vegetables as well as the planting of fruit trees. Even here, portions such as the lahar areas and the flood-
susceptible grasslands cannot yet be used.
Other areas that are not also urbanizable are the southern extremities of the town such as Bgys. Tinajero,
Mesalipit and Talba. These are areas that are highly susceptible to flooding, although they can be
converted to fishponds as part of the goal of the town is to be a supplier of food products to nearby towns
and cities. These areas also exhibit saltwater intrusion.
Another major problem is the unplanned or random use of the land that merely follows nature’s contours
without infrastructural and sociocultural interventions. In this organic type of development there is no
optimization of land use and the location of land uses could be disorderly and arbitrary. There could be
much wastage of space as well as land use conflicts. Given the scarcity of land in a small municipality like
Bacolor and the limitations imposed by natural hazards, there is a need for rational land use planning in the
town.
LAND USE POTENTIALS
As pointed out by participants in the visioning session, the town has available urban expansion areas as
paradoxically made available by the destructive flow of lahar. Many areas are now vacant and developable
for urban use and these can be seen in the Poblacion area, in Bgy. Cabalantian, in the Bgys. San Isidro-
Macabacle- Magliman area, in the Bgys. Santa Barbara-Parulog area, and in Bgy. Calibutbut-Maliwalu area.
Although parts of these areas may still be susceptible to moderate flooding, residents have observed them
to be relatively safe for urban use as indicated by the spontaneous accretion of urban land uses. To make
these areas safer, a diversion channel should be constructed.

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DEMOGRAPHIC AND SOCIAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS
The past planning efforts conducted in the municipality have identified several issues and concerns that need
to be addressed in the social sector. Basically, these are rooted in the inadequacy, or in some instances the
outright absence, of the infrastructure or the service provider, as most of these were literally washed out
during the lahar devastation. An additional strain on limited resources is caused by the continued effort of the
municipality to dispense the same services to those living in the resettled areas, when, in fact, the internal
revenue allotment for the displaced residents had been reallocated to the host municipalities. Among the
foremost issues in the subsectors include:
RESETTLED POPULATION AND INTENT TO RETURN TO BACOLOR
In 2008, based on a count conducted by the local government unit in cooperation with the National Economic
Development Authority (NEDA) Region III office, the Municipality of Bacolor was estimated to have about
30,061 community-based population (or those living within the municipal boundaries) and around 41,955
resettlement-based population (living outside the political jurisdiction).
The results of a perception survey conducted by NEDA in 2008 among the resettled show that a very
significant percentage of those currently residing in the resettlement areas were willing to relocate again in
Bacolor, with about 42% of the total respondents saying they were “very willing” to reside again in Bacolor
and with 53% “willing” to come back. This gives a potential total “return rate” of 95% among the 42,000
resettled citizens. Only 3% of those surveyed said that they were “not willing” to return to Bacolor. Despite
the overwhelming willingness of the resettled populace to return to Bacolor, around a third of the
respondents also cited the lack of financial capability to rebuild their homes, concerns on the unavailability of
social services, and the perception that the area was still unsafe from natural hazards as the main reasons why
they were not yet returning.
EDUCATION
The lack or inadequacy of classrooms, facilities and school materials remains a primary concern in this sector.
In some cases, the classroom-student ratio goes as high as 1:67 or almost doubles the ideal ratio. If there are
actually schools or classrooms available or that have relocated in the barangays, most of these need
rehabilitation, lack school furniture, have no perimeter fence, and have unpaved grounds.
The lack of textbooks, laboratory equipment, library facilities and clinic services have likewise been identified
as concerns by the stakeholders, including the local school district board. The inadequate funds of the LGU to
support its scholarship program had likewise been identified as a concern. In the 2008 perception survey,
education was ranked by both the community-based and the resettled residents as the second most
important consideration in Bacolor’s rehabilitation efforts, next only to flood control and drainage concerns.
HEALTH
The inadequacy in the number of barangay health stations and in the number of health personnel to
accommodate target clients are the primary concerns in this sector. Fifteen (15) of the 21 barangays do not
have health stations, some just use the multi-purpose hall for this purpose while others rely on the services of
their rural health unit.
The number of medical personnel today stands at only three-fourths of the number before Pinatubo’s
eruption, with the municipality currently lacking one doctor, two midwives and one sanitary inspector. The
prevalence of child malnutrition in depressed barangays, the lack of transportation services available to the
medical personnel, and limitations on the supply of medicines, equipments and other medical supplies (due to
the extension of service to the resettled populace) were likewise cited. The relocated hospital in the Bulaon

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resettlement area also operates to full capacity and is not quite directly accessible to the community-based
residents.
While in the perception survey, both the community-based and the resettled residents were generally
satisfied with the provision of primary health care (with three-fourths saying they were satisfied), it is to be
noted that both the communitybased and resettled population both ranked health as third in their list of
priorities in the rehabilitation efforts of Bacolor, next to education and flood control.
HOUSING
Bacolor had a housing backlog of at least 922 units in 2000 and none in 2007, since
the number of houses counted (6,483 units)
exceeded the estimated total number of
households (4,735 units, assuming household
size of five).
However, the recent count of the number of

houses in 2007 did not specify the state or
condition of the housing units (that may actually
result to a housing backlog for that period),
given the expressed and oft-repeated concern
made by the returned and returning residents
regarding their lack of financial capacity to put
up decent housing. In fact, in the perception
survey, at least 20% of the resettled
population mentioned the lack of financial
capability to construct new houses as the reason why they were not relocating back to the municipality, in
spite of their willingness and intent to do so. This figure hews to the 27% of the population categorized as
underprivileged.
Moreover, the 2007 count of 6,483 units, assuming all were in good condition, accounts for only 58% of the
original number of houses in the municipality before the Pinatubo eruption. Housing, specifically single-
detached units, was actually the number one-ranked answer in the perception survey from the respondents in
the resettlement areas (and second ranked in the combined responses of the community-based and resettled
residents) in terms of the prevalent type of (re)development they want to see in Bacolor, outranking
universities, light industries, commercial and farm lots.
SOCIAL WELFARE
Among the pressing concerns raised in the social welfare sector include the need of the construction of day
care centers in every barangay, the lack of opportunities for livelihood programs, insufficient funds for
livelihood training and financial assistance, and the unwillingness of the disadvantaged families to engage in
selfemployment activities. The limited capacity of an evacuation center to serve as temporary shelter during
disasters (the covered court serves this purpose) and the lack of a storage room for relief goods were likewise
cited. While this sub-sector, together with protective services, was ranked 13th by community residents and
14th by resettled citizens (out of 17 items) in the priority of rehabilitation factors for Bacolor, the respondents
in both the community and resettlement areas expressed a certain level of dissatisfaction in the following
services: livelihood projects, services for the elderly and disabled, women’s welfare, and child and youth
services.
Meanwhile, a high level of satisfaction was cited for family planning and nutrition services. The need for values
formation among the members of the community was likewise cited as a concern by the stakeholders during
the consultation workshop.

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ECONOMIC ISSUES AND CONCERNS
Bacolor is strategically located and thus a likely investment area in the Region. However, Bacolor has to deal
with several challenges to increase investments in the municipality. In particular, three main challenges have
been identified: First, the uncertainty of condition due to lahar and flooding. Investors would want to know
the effects of lahar on the built environment and the appropriate land use in the municipality. Uncertainty
increases risks and investment decisions tend to be short-term. Second, the poor internal access and mobility
due to inadequate road network within the municipality. Travel time within the municipality takes longer than
travel between towns. There is also a high cost of transporting goods from farm to markets. Moreover,
development has been contained within a specific barangay leaving out inner barangays. For instance, due to
easier travel from barangay Calibutbut to Angeles City, residents and businesses in Calibutbut prefer to
transact with Angeles City than the Poblacion area. Third, the inadequate service facilities specifically power,
telecommunications and potable water system. With the exception of barangay Calibutbut, only about 10% of
the municipality has telecommunication services and potable water system.
In addition to these challenges, there are specific issues and concerns within each economic sector which were
identified during consultations with representatives of the municipal government, provincial government of
Pampanga, municipal sanggunian, farmers groups, and regional offices of national government agencies (i.e.
NEDA, DA, DOT). The results of the consultations are consistent with the issues reported in the 2008-2013
Bacolor Development Report except in the case of the agriculture sector which shows some divergent views
with regards to the extent of Bacolor’s agriculture role.
AGRICULTURE and FISHERIES
• Large area of unproductive/uncultivated farmlands

• Unclear boundaries of farmlands
• Inadequate irrigation and post harvest facilities
• High cost of farm inputs
• Inadequate technical information about production of suitable crops or fish considering
the change in soil composition due to lahar deposits
• Inadequate technology and market support to farmers specifically in the development of
“gabi” for the export market
• Lack of training to farmers on appropriate production technology and food processing
• Limited government budget or financial support to agriculture development and agri-
related activities
COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY
• Inadequate telecommunication services, electrical connections and potable water

system
• Poor internal road network, local and provincial roads
• Lack of training on product packaging and design for locally-produced products (e.g.
furniture, ironworks, food)
TOURISM
• Lack of funds to support and enhance local tourism

• Absence of physical facilities for tourism activities
• Absence of local office for tourism

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• Lack of coordination or network among eco-tourism stakeholders
INFRASTRUCTURE ISSUES AND CONCERNS
The major transport deficiencies in Bacolor can be summarized as follows:
• Primary and secondary road network not functioning as a network.

• Absence of roads connecting most of the barangays. There are insufficient east-west and north-south
road connections thus necessitating all vehicles to pass through JASA and San Fernando-Lubao Road
for east-west movement and the east megadike road for north-south movement.
• Poor quality of roads connecting most of the agricultural barangays located within the megadike. Most
of the roads are earth-surfaced with limited road widths.
• Lack of continuity of some road links and poor geometric designs and intersections aggravating existing
road conditions. Most of the road connections with the megadike roads have steep approaches which
present increased risks for accidents.
• Insufficient road capacities in the Gapan-Olongapo-Road (JASA) due to poor pavement condition and
high traffic volumes.
• Urban functions are heavily concentrated in the Poblacion and the nearby city of San Fernando where
road network improvement is difficult to introduce due to the presence of built-up areas.
• On street parking minimizes the carrying capacities of roads, especially in the Poblacion area along the
San Fernando- Lubao Road.
• Flooding in Brgy. Cabalantian and adjoining communities due to the silted condition of Gugu Creek
which results in the overtopping of the dikes. The increased discharge of Gugu Creek has reduced the
freeboard and therefore the probability of overflow cannot be ignored.
• Overflow through the unfinished portion of Gugu Right Dike. It was not completed to the designed
length as land owners refused to let the project pass through their properties. Due to the increased
discharge of Gugu Creek, the probability of overflow therefore increased.
POWER SUPPLY
• High electricity tariffs affect the Municipality’s industrial competitiveness and hurting low-income
consumers. They are attributed to the structural and administrative deficiencies both in generation
and distribution sector.
• In far-flung areas, lack of access to electricity has deprived the residents of the modern amenities that
electricity brings. It also hampers enterprise development and job creation, thus generating rural-to-
urban migration and congestion in the city.
• Improvements in power distribution, particularly in rural electrification, will focus in localities where
the demand is sufficient enough to warrant investment. This means that investments in power
distribution will have to be concentrated in areas where human settlements are densely aggregated
and where complimentary infrastructure is well developed.
• Primary concern over long term and up to the planning horizon for power shall be addressed towards
the development of alternative energy sources. Energy sources such as geothermal potential reserves
have the greatest potentials to meet the Region’s energy requirements.

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WATER SUPPLY
• High water tariffs affect low-income consumers and reduce industrial competitiveness.
• Lack of access to level 3 water systems has deprived residents of modern amenities.
• Water distribution will focus on localities where there are high demand enough to warrant
investment. This implies that investments in water distribution will have to be concentrated in areas
where population are densely aggregated and where existing infrastructure is well developed.
COMMUNICATION
• Putting up telephone lines in remote areas using concrete poles and copper wires is costly. This is why
telephone companies elect to initially put public phone stations with a single line or two to serve the
people in these areas. This is also true to postal services. The absence of transport infrastructure in
remote areas will delay the delivery of services to the people.
• The efficient development of the telecommunication sector requires the maximum participation of
the private sector. The private sector shall, therefore, be responsible for serving the
telecommunication needs of the public throughout the Municipality.
• The other concern that makes the postal system inefficient is the incorrect, unupdated house postal,
numbers and un-numbered houses and establishments.
INSTITUTIONAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS
ORGANIZATIONAL AND LINKAGE ISSUES
A major institutional issue is probably the need to strengthen the municipal government bureaucracy.
There are also a number of institutional linkage issues that need to be persistently addressed. More
specific observations are the following:
• Most offices seem too small to effectively discharge their respective mandates. For this
purpose, an in-house organizational study is probably required to rationalize the municipal
bureaucracy’s staffing pattern.
• Related to the above, there is an apparent need for better “matching” of positions with
qualifications. Given their skills and experiences, the productivity and performance of some
personnel could be enhanced if transferred to positions that are consistent with their
qualifications.
• Better coordination among different agencies that are currently performing services for
Bacolor. Particularly important is the need for continuous synergy a) among the municipality
of Bacolor and the adjacent municipalities which have been damaged by the Mt. Pinatubo
eruption, b) among such agencies as the National Housing Authority and NEDA III, and c)
between such ongoing studies such as JICA’s Urgent Hazard Mitigation Project.
SYSTEMS AND CAPABILITY BUILDING ISSUES
In the recent ELA Formulation and visioning workshop conducted by the key personnel of Bacolor, a
number of “systems” and capability-building programs were identified. A number of critical issues may
usefully be noted:

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• Appropriate and effective comprehensive planning and investment programming
processes are just being put in place. It is important to design such processes to
ensure multi-sectoral and private sector participation, as well as to strengthen the planning-
investment programming-budgeting linkage. An ideal system of planning and investment
programming should also foster “ownership” among key stakeholders in the municipality.
• There is also a need to ensure that planning capabilities meet the requirements of the
planning and investment programming systems that will be put in place in Bacolor. These
capability building programs should be both general (to improve skills in the field of local
planning) and specific to the requirements and use of various planning guidelines that have
been formulated (e.g., the Rationalized Local Planning System).
• There is also an apparent need for capability building for the personnel of other offices based
on initial analysis of their qualifications and educational attainment. Important areas of
training could include financial projections and management, techniques in tax assessment
and collection, cash flow management, organization and management, as well as project
monitoring and management. The need for capability building programs can not be
overemphasized given the existing personnel profiles of the various offices.
• Finally, databases for effective governance should also be improved. This will require the
participation of national and regional offices involved in deriving, managing and disseminating
data relevant to local planning and governance. For instance the lack of economic and related
data at the local levels is a major obstacle to effective local development planning and
management. This program will require identification and prioritization of local data
requirements, and implementation of measures to make these available to LGUs.
PUBLIC FINANCE
From the foregoing assessment, the following issues and problems in public finance may be noted:
• A relatively small proportion of the municipality’s budget is allocated for capital outlays, with
heavy dependence on the local development fund (LDF). Given its narrow tax base, the
municipality should continue to explore the possibility of relying on non-traditional and
external sources of funds (e.g., NGA allocations, joint ventures, BOT schemes, etc.) to finance
large, strategic projects that may be a key to the rehabilitation of the municipality.
• There is still room for the municipality to improve its own-source revenue effort to further
reduce its dependence on the IRA. Its ability to do so is, to some extent, hampered by its
large allocation for personal services and MOOE, difficulties associated with the collection of
real property taxes, and constraints in LGU credit/capital financing.
• Procedures for budgetary allocations and expenditure management and control may have to
be reviewed. Financial management systems shall be recommended in the sections that
follow.

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CHAPTER 4
CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND

DISASTER RISK ASSESSMENT
SEDIMENTS FROM MT. PINATUBO ERUPTION
The municipality of Bacolor is located in the extensive alluvial fan of Pasig-Potrero River System. It is among
the four principal drainage systems on the eastern slopes of Mt Pinatubo which flow eastwards to Pampanga
Bay. The total volume of sediments ejected by the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo was initially estimated to be 1.2
to 3.6 billion m3. A total of 1.3 billion m3 of this estimate belonged to the Sacobia Pyroclastic Flow Field
(SPFF) shared by Sacobia, Abacan and Pasig-Potrero Rivers.
Lahar occurrence decreased significantly in the Abacan River flowing through the vicinity of Angeles City in
1992 due to reduction of available sediment supply from the headwaters and decreased watershed area. The
same situation occurred in Sacobia River flowing through the province of Tarlac in 1993. However, a different
scenario was observed in the southern towns of Pampanga as the headwaters of Sacobia was captured by
the Pasig-Potrero River thereby increasing its watershed from 24 km2 to 55 km2. Of the 270 million m3
sediment transported to 6 towns of Pampanga from 1991 to 1994, more than 200 million m3 of sediments
remained in the Pasig-Potrero channel.
During the 1995 typhoon season, more than 10 million m3 of sediment was transported through Pasig-
Potrero channel. Because of increased watershed area, the river became very active and the channel
remained incised to a depth of 15 m. This contributed to the increased erosional and depositional strength of
the river system. The municipality of Bacolor was buried under 6 m of sediment in the northern part of the
transverse dike and up to 8 m in the southern part. Further destructive river processes such as channel
widening and vertical erosion ensued in the following years resulting in the raising of the GSO Road level to
at least 15 m to date.
Aggradation of Bacolor vicinity through the Pasig-Potrero River continued with the last significant lahar
occurrence within the area in 2004. Excessive sedimentation in the eastern side of the West Megadike
covering Balas, Potrero, Duat, Santa Barbara and San Antonio resulted in the migration of the main channel
further east until it eventually merged with the Gugu Creek.
PASIG-POTRERO RIVER
Geophysical Location
The Pasig-Potrero River originates near Mount Pinatubo at about 1,200 meters in elevation. It has a length of
40 km and since it captured 21 km2 of the headwaters of the Sacobia River, it drains an area of about 77 km 2.
Topography/Geo-morphological Features
The upper basin is located on the relatively steep slopes of Mt. Pinatubo. It originates 13 km from the post-
eruption crater rim and extends for a distance of about 10 km to the confluence of Timbu and Papatac creeks.

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It is incised into the pyroclastic flow deposits and, in some places, into bedrock or older pyroclastic deposits.
The 1991 pyroclastic deposits (302 million m 3) filled the existing channels to depth as great as 200 meters.
These deposits extend downstream from the uppermost reaches of Timbu and Bucbuc Creek, to the
confluence of Timbu and Papatac creeks. Severe erosion, subsequent lake breakouts events, and on October
1993 channel diversion have significantly altered the basin’s physiography since eruption.
From the confluence of Timbu and Papatac creek to about the Angeles-Porac Road, the river is called Pasig.
This is an area of sediment production, transport and deposition. This reach is incised into a gently sloping
alluvial fan consisting primarily of pre-1991 lahar and alluvial deposits, which are composed of sand with silt
fines and coarser sizes. From Angeles-Porac road to about Highway 7, the river is called Potrero. This is an area
where deposition has caused damage to farmlands and barangays. The Potrero River flows into Guagua River,
which empties into Pampanga Bay. This delta reach is flat and consists of silts and fine sands.
Pre and Post Pinatubo Landsat images and topographic maps from 1961 to 2007 show the dynamic evolution
of Pasig-Potrero River in the municipality of Bacolor. Pre eruption images clearly show the active river channel
of Pasig-Potrero running through the vicinity of Barangay Santa Barbara and Parulog. Engineering intervention
was implemented to direct the flow in one large channel all the way to Barangay Tinajero.
Excessive sedimentation after the eruption deposited large amounts of materials in the western barangays
causing the main river channel, as well as its tributaries, to be clogged. The Gugu Creek, which was formerly a
minor stream running through San Antonio, San Vicente and Poblacion areas , now acts as the major active
channel due to its much lower elevation compared to the western side. It is joined by the Pasig-Potrero channel
in the vicinity of Dolores and Concepcion.

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Figure 16. Main drainage channels in eastern Pinatubo

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Figure 17. Topographic Map, Bacolor, 1961

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Figure 18. Bacolor Vicinity Map. 1976

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Figure 19. Bacolor Vicinity Map, 1991

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Figure 20. Bacolor Vicinity map, 1993

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The hazard map produced by PHIVOLCS in June 2004 (Figure 25) shows the combined lahar and flood prone
areas of Bacolor. From 2004 to present, there were no more recorded major lahar occurrences in the Pasig-
Potrero River in the magnitude similar to the mid 90’s. Sediment accumulation within the area is now
attributed to normal stream process. Barangays located within the megadikes (Maliwalu, Potrero, Balas,
Dolores, Duat, Santa Barbara, Concepcion San Antonio, Parulog and San Vicente) are now classified as
restricted development zone or as areas with low susceptibility to small magnitude lahars but still highly
susceptible to sediment-laden streamflows. Areas outside the dikes (San Isidro, Magliman and Macabacle),
in cases of extreme rainfall, are susceptible to recurrent flooding and backflooding. However, this is
attributed to artificial damming of floodwaters in the lower portion of the alluvial fan due to very low relief
and drainage blockage. Barangays located at the distal portion of the alluvial fan (Cabalantian, Talba,
Mesalipit, Tinajero, Sta Ines, Cabetican and Cabambangan) are classified as safe from lahars but prone to
siltation and flooding.
The enclosure of the municipality by the FVR megadike increased its vulnerability to flooding and lahar flow
hazards. Typhoon Dodong in 2007 destroyed some non-concrete sections of the Gugu dike resulting in the
flooding of four downstream barangays (Talba, Tinajero, Cabetican and Mesalipit). The concentrated flow
of flood waters destroyed fishponds and submerged barangay roads and houses affecting directly some
1,500 people.
The MDRRMO of Bacolor projected that in a worst case scenario, massive floodings of 6 feet deep would
occur in about 90% of the entire town of Bacolor. This flooding would most likely inundate 19 of the 21
barangays and would require the evacuation of 3,541 families or about 17,000 individuals to safer grounds
with fully-equipped and safe evacuation centers. The MDCC also projected that 8 would be injured, 3 killed
and 4 missing. In terms of properties, they estimated that about 21 houses would be totally damaged and
about 6,000 hectares of land would be affected. For infrastructures, 15 kilometers of roads would be
impassable and earth dikes would be breached, and communications and power facilities would be
damaged. The MDRRMO summons all responsible organizations to help the municipality prepare for these
eventualities so that the projected impacts would be substantially mitigated.
Barangays located inside the megadike such as Balas, Concepcion, Dolores, Duat, Maliwalu, Parulog,
Potrero, San Antonio, Sta. Barbara are the most vulnerable to lahar and flooding. These Barangays need to
establish the necessary early warning system and preparedness protocols in the event of a disaster so that
damages could be kept to a minimum.
The tail dike encloses and protects several barangays located on the southern tip of Bacolor where flood
waters drain: Cabalantian, Cabambangan (Poblacion), San Vicente, Sta. Ines, Cabetican, Talba, Tinajero and
Mesalipit.

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Figure 25. Bacolor Lahar and Flood Hazard Zones

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Bacolor has a Municipal Contingency Plan which designated two (2) Municipal Disaster Operations
Centers: The main one is is the MDRRM Center in Bacolor, which becomes the Municipal DRRM
Operations Center in the event of any incident and the alternate one is located at the Municipal Hall
Annex in Calibutbut. It likewise identified the following as evacuation centers:
1) Bacolor Evacuation Center

2) Bacolor Gymnasium
3) Lourdes Chapel at Cabetican
4) Cabetican Gymnasium
5) Municipal Hall Annex at Calibutbut
In the event of flooding and/or lahar flow, the affected residents are instructed to proceed to the Eastern
Mega Dike, which is designated as the pick-up point for rescuing authorities and volunteers.
The eight (8) high risk barangays are located in low-lying areas such as Cabambangan, San Vicente, Sta.
Ines, Cabetican, Calantian, Tinajero, Talba and Mesalipit and the nine (9) low-risk barangays are those
within the mega and transverse dikes such as Duat, Concepcion, Maliwalu, Potrero, Balas, Dolores, Parulog,
San Antonio and Sta. Barbara.
FLOODING
The occurrence of strong typhoons and prolonged heavy rains brings disaster risk to vulnerable
communities in the municipality. Heavy and forceful rains will trigger flooding and lahar flow that can cause
damages to crops, properties, infrastructures and loss of lives among vulnerable areas and communities.
Table 4.1 and Figure 26 show the areas and levels of flooding hazards in Bacolor based on present
conditions. About 5,374 hectares (68%) of the municipality are vulnerable to none or slight flooding and
2,524 hectares (32%) to moderate flooding. The barangays which are susceptible to moderate flooding
include: San Isidro, Magliman, San Antonio, Macabacle, Cabalantian, Talba and Mesalipit.
On the other hand, six out of the 21 barangays in Bacolor were assessed by MGB to be vulnerable to
flooding, specifically silt concentrated flood waters. These barangays include Dolores, Maliwalu,
Cabalantian, Sta. Ines, Cabetican, and Makabakle. The estimated number of persons that would be affected
by flooding was about 9,000.
The infrastructures, buildings, houses, and agricultural lands that were identified to be vulnerable to
flooding are as follows:
1) Old MacArthur Highway, Barangay roads in Cabalantian, Cabambangan, south San Vicente, Sta.
Ines, Tinajero, Talba and Mesalipit.
2) Uncemented sides of Gugu creek, western side dike south of MacArthur Highway.
3) Municipal Hall, DHVTSU, New Bacolor Public Market
4) Elementary schools of Barangays south of JASA
5) Churches in Cabetican, Tinajero, Cabalantian, and south San Vicent
6) Ricelands in southern San Vicente, fishponds in Tinajero and Talba.
Compared to lahar flow, the impacts of flooding are expected to cause greater problems to properties,
crops, fisheries, infrastructures and lives of the people of Bacolor.

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Table 4.1 Flooding Hazard in Bacolor Municipality
Flooding Hazard Area (hectares) % of Total

No flooding 332 4.20
None to slightly flooded 4,712 63.83
Moderately flooded 2,066 31.95
TOTAL 7,110 100.00
LAHAR FLOW
Although the barangays located in the upstream portion of Bacolor may be safe from flooding because of
its elevation, it remains exposed to lahar flow coming from the lahar deposits northwest of the Pasig-
Potrero River. This mountain of lahar deposits is just waiting to be carried down by storm runoff. Thus, the
barangays located along the path of lahar flow remain vulnerable to its hazards. Eight barangays are
vulnerable to lahar flow hazards, namely: Balas, Potrero, Maliwalu, Duat, Dolores, Sta. Barbara, San
Antonio, and San Vicente. About 4,000 persons are estimated to be highly vulnerable to lahar and sediment
flow.
The infrastructures, buildings, houses and agricultural lands that were identified to be highly vulnerable to
lahar and sediment flows are as follows:
1) Barangay roads in Potrero, Dolores, Duat, Concepcion, Parulog and north of San Vicente.
2) Mega dike, Transverse dike, Pasig-Potrero dike, Gugu creek eastern dike north of GSO
3) Barangay MP hall in Sta. Barbara
4) Churches in Sta. Barbara, Parulog and San Antonio
5) Elementary schools in all barangays within the megadike north of GSO
6) Houses of returnees in Dolores, Sta. Barbara, Parulog, Potrero, Duat, San Antonio, Maliwalu and
Balas.
7) Vegetable farms, sugarcane fields and fishponds in Balas and Dolores.

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Figure 26. Flood Hazard Map, Bacolor (Source: MDDRMO)

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Figure 27. Preliminary Modelling Results at Pasig-Potrero by PHIVOLCS
Source: PHIVOLCS

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CONTINGENCY PLAN
The Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (MDRRMC) of Bacolor has been reorganized
on November 10, 2010, in compliance to Republic Act 10121 and in response to the need to create a body
responsible in the formulation of a Disaster/Contingency Plan and to proactively respond to emergency
situations that would like;y occur in the municipality.
The Municipal Disaster/Contingency Plan is a guide document of the LGU that would contain all the necessary
plans and programs including available resources for a more responsive and effective implementation to
address the needs and concerns of the threatened population/affected barangays.
In a worst case scenario, massive floodings, approximately 5 to 6 feet deep would occur in almost 90% of the
entire town of Bacolor affecting 19 out of the 21 barangays. With this situation, about 3,541 families or 17,000
individuals would be threatened and need to be evacuated in safe areas/evacuation centers. The effects on
human lives would possibly result to 4 missing individuals, 8 injured and 3 casualties/dead.
As regard to adverse effects on properties, about 121 houses would be totally damaged; more than 6 thousand
hectares of agricultural lands would be affected, making it unproductive for a long period of time and about
300 business establishment are estimated to become unoperational, hence affecting livelihood opportunities
and worsening the quality of life of the local constituents.
In terms of infrastructure and basic facilities, about 15 kilometer of each road would be impassable
compounded by the breaching of earth dikes which would worsen flooding and further damages to structures.
Likewise, communications and power facilities would likely be damaged, thus disrupting timely and accurate
communication flow.
On this scenario that the Municipal Government of Bacolor and the Provincial Government as well can no
longer handle and manage the provision of the necessary measures, it is imperative that the former seeks the
needed reinforcement and assistance from the National Government in the addressing the pressing disaster-
related issue at the LGU level.
Policies and Objectives
It is the policy of the local government to formulate plans and programs that aregeared towards the
attainment of development goals and objectives consistent toand supportive of national programs and
policies. In terms of local security and protection, the LGU shall adhere to national pronouncements and shall
be guided by these to ensure the delivery of appropriate programs and services among the local constituents.
The local government of Bacolor recognizes the importance of a body that would take responsible in
undertaking disaster-related programs and activities within the Municipality. Hence, the creation of MDRRMC
replacing MDCC took place on November 10, 2010 in support and compliance to TA 10121 which calls for the
strengthening of the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, providing for the National
risk Reduction and Management Framework and institutionalizing the National Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan. Likewise, the RA provides for a state policy to uphold the people’s constitutional rights to
life and property by addressing the root causes of vulnerabilities to disasters, strengthening the country’s
institutional capacity for disaster risk reduction and management and building the resilience of local
communities to disasters including climate change impacts.
In addition, the declaration of a State of Calamity by the Sangguniang Bayan plays a critical role in providing
response and immediate measures in times of hazards. The Five Percent (5%) Calamity Fund shall then be
utilized to fund various disaster-related programs, projects and activities. For an effective budgeting and
utilization of said Calamity Fund, the total amount could be programmed for pre-disaster preparedness and the
Quick Response Fund during disaster.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Sectoral Cluster Plans and Arrangement
In pursuit of effective and responsive delivery of tasks and responsibilities of concerned offices and
individuals at the local level, the need for organizing sectoral/cluster approaches shall be adopted to
address immediate concerns and issues at hand in the event a disaster/hazard takes place in the locality,
to wit:
1. Camp Coordination and Management
Lead - MSWDO
Members - MPDC, MHO, Dep.ED, PNP, ME, MT., MBO
Objective - To identify the immediate and basic needs of the
internally displaced persons and efficiently and
effectively addressed these needs within the three-
month period.
Strategies - Mobilization of volunteer workers/leaders
Ensure security and safety of evacuees/victims
Proper coordination with concerned Punong
Barangays
Sectoral Indicatorss - Number of evacuees/victims
Existing Resources - Identified evacuation centers, MDRRMC
Operation Centers, 5% Calamity Fund
2. Protection/Rescue
Lead - MSWDO, DRRMO

Members - PNP, MHO, Dep. ED., MPDO,NGO,SB
Concerned, ABC Pres., ME, MT, MBO
Objective : To ensure protection of lives and properties
particularly in the threatened communities.
Strategies Immediate evacuation of affected individuals/
families in critical situations; police and brgy.
Tanod visibility.
Sectoral Indicators - Number of threatened individuals; extent of
Damages; value of damaged properties (P)
Existing Resources - Patrol vehicle, 5% Calamity Fund
3. Emergency Communication
Lead - PNP, BFP, DILG

Members - NGO (Communication Group)
Objective : To provide the community with emergency
communication and power backup services
Strategies Provision of hand held two-way radios/
Megaphones to concerned individuals
Provision of emergency lights, flashlights
Provision of stand by generators
Sectoral Indicators - Number of equipment available
Existing Resources - Megaphone, flashlight, emergency lights
Landlines/fax machines, 5% Calamity Fund, \
hand-held radios

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4. Education
Lead - Dep. Ed.

Members - MSWDO, SB Concerned, PTA Pres. MHO,
POPCOM, MT, MBO
Objective - To develop and oversee the overall strategic
direction on education and emergency response
Strategies- Effective coordination and information sharing
among concerned cluster members. Rapid assessment and
appropriate response guided by minimum standards for education
emergencies resource mobilization
Sectoral Indication - Number of student affected/displaced
Number of classrooms/school bldgs.Enrolment/ Participation rate
Existing Resources - Available structure for temporary classes, 5% Calamity
Fund,Special Education Fund
5. Logistics
Lead - DRRMO
Members - MSWDO, MA, SB Concerned, GSO/MT, MBO
PNP, NGO Brigades, DILG
Objective : To provide adequate and appropriate goods and
supplies at the least cost and effective ways
Strategies : Inventory of Stocks /advance procurement of
necessary supplies
Proper control, management and distribution of
available supplies
Actual site visits
Needs assessment
Sectoral Indicators - Number of displaced/affected families and
Individuals
Existing Resources – Volunteer workers/leaders; 5% Calamity Fund
6. Emergency Shelter/Evacuation
Lead - MSWDO
Members - MHO, ME, SB Concerned, Dep. Ed., PNP,
MT, MBO
Objective : To address the shelter needs based on the given
scenario in a harmonized and coordinated way.
Strategies: Needs assessment based on report of partially and
totally damaged house in the affected areas
Prioritization of target beneficiaries
Sectoral Indicators – Number of affected house (partially and totally)
Existing Resources – Gym, and other safe structures for temporary
shelter, 5% Calamity Fund

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7. Food
Lead - MSWDO
Members - MHO, ME, SB Concerned, MT, MBO
Objective : To ensure adequate nutritious food among victims
Strategies - Proper control, distribution and management
on food allocation
Sectoral Indicators – Number of beneficiaries inside and outside
the evacuation centers
Existing Resources – Adequate supply/stock on food commodities.
8. Health and WASH
Lead - MHO
Members - MNAO, BFP, Private Hospitals, NGO,
SB Health, MT, MBO
Objectives : To prevent the possible increase in
morbidity and mortality rates
To ensure proper health/sanitation and hygiene of
affected individuals in the evacuation centers
Strategies : Provision of safe and portable water
Proper waste disposal in the evacuation
centers
Conduct of preventive measures to prevent
the outbreak of diseases, daily consultations,
vaccination, health IEC
Mobilization of BHW’s
Sectoral Indicators – Number of individuals in evacuation centers
Mortality/ Morbidity Rates
Number of Cases attended
Existing Resources – Available health personnel; medical supplies
and medicines, ambulance
9. Agriculture
Lead - MAO
Members - ME, SB, Farmers Coop., MAFC, MT, MBO
Objective : To reduce the risk and damages on
agricultural production and livelihood
opportunities in the municipality
Strategies : Provision of infra support facilities (FMR,
Irrigation system)
Immediate response on affected farmlands/
damage assessment
Repair of damaged roads
Provision of Storage facilities
Harvesting of matured and ‘reapable’ crops
Strengthening of farmers’ coops
Sectoral Indicators – Size of influenced agricultural area ( in has.)
Volume of affected agricultural production by
crop (in MT)

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Number of farmers affected
Existing Resources – DA Technicians; local resources on farm rehabilitation
10. Nutrition
Lead - MHO
Members - MNAO, MSWDO, SB, MAO, NGO,
Dep. Ed., MT, MBO
Objective: The ensure that the nutritional status of the affected population
willnot worsen or deteriorate.
Strategies Monitoring of present nutritional status of
affected individuals
Management of malnourished children identified in the ECs
Provision of affordable but nutritional food
Supplemental Feeding
Sectoral Indicators – Number of malnourished children/
Prevalence Rate
Existing Resources – Weighing scale, salter, vitamins
11. Livelihood
Lead - MSWDO
Members - MHO, MAO, SB, Dep. Ed., PESO, Coop.,
MT, MBO
Objective : To ensure availability of livelihood
opportunities and assistance
Strategies Conduct of livelihood trainings
Provision of seed capital/SEA
Sectoral Indicators – Number of displaced/affected families
Existing Resources – SEA funds, available livelihood training modules/ resources persons
Specific Sectoral Concerns and Targets
In view of providing the necesarry and appropriate disaster response and measures, there is a need to identify
the specific area of concerns that would be addressed immediately. This goes with disaster risk reduction,
mitigation ad management.
A. Agriculture
The Department of Agriculture at the Municipal Level is more concerned on the farmlands and the number of
farmers that would be likely affected during heavy rains, typhoons and flooding. Specifically, the following
barangays with the respective coverage area and number of farmers agricultural production in the affected
areas.
Of the 21 barangays, about, 76 percent of the entire muncipality or 16 barangays will be likely affected with
heavy rains, typhoons and floodings. To be likely affected farmlands is placed at 276 hectares with about 182
farmers. Based on recent report on typhoon damages caused by typhoons/flooding the estimated cost of
damages/losses on the agriculture sector amounted to almost P2 Million.

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B. Social Services
The most vulnerable group of individuals or population at risk comprise senior citizens, infant, children and
minors (age 0-17 yrs) persons with disabilities. In providing quick response for rescue and evacuation, the
abovementioned group of individuals shall be given priorities due to their lesser capability to help themselves
in times of emergency situations. It is estimated that here are about 2,433, 11,103 and 232 senior citizens,
infant and children and PWDs, respectively that would be need priority concerns during disasters. On one
hand, there are about 139 families or 695 individuals that are considered as informal settlers located along the
up and downstream of the Mega Dike.
There are about 1,041 individuals in the community who are categorized as the poorest of the poor or
beneficiaries of the Pangtawid Pampamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps).
In terms of evacuation centers, the MDRRMC had identified the following Evacuation Centers to provide
temporary shelter to calamity victims. These are: Bacolor Evacuation Center, Bacolor Gymnasium, Cabetican
Gymnasium and Chapel. These facilities could accommodate some 200 families needing temporary shelter
during calamities.
Evacuation Centers / Capacity
1. Bacolor Evacuation Center – (40 – 50 families

2. Bacolor Gymnasium - (40 – 50 families)
3. Cabetican Gymnasium - (40 – 50 families)
4. Cabetican Chapel - ( 30 – 40 families)
5. Municipal Hall Annex (Calibutbut) - (50 – 70 families)
C. Health Nutrition
The Rural Health Unit (RHU) in the LGU shall address the immediate needs and concerns of calamity-affected
families/individuals within the evacuation centers, and in cases where the health services are needed in the
affected communities/barangays.
The necessary medicines and supplies, including the availability of safe and potable water shall be ensured to
prevent the outbreak of diseases.
D. Infrastructure -
In terms of infrastructure faciliteis, the immediate concern of the Municipality that would facilitate in disaster
preparedness activities and mitigation measures shall be focused on the implementation of projects such as
the desilting of creeks and canals. Recently, the Cabambangan – San Vicente – Cabetican Creek was desilted
and slope protected. Likewise, the Macabacle Creek and the Cabalantian Creek near Palawe are undergoing
rehabilitation. To facilitate transportation and mobility to the inner barangays, construction and repair of
existing roads and bridges are budgeted and done yearly. The road network in the Poblacion area is almost
100%.
Further, the construction of CHB lined canals will be pushed extensively to provide a fast outlet for water run-
off and prevent backflooding even in low lying barangays. Todate, CHB lined canals have been constructed in
barangays Cabambangan, Sta Ines, Cabetican, San Vicente, San Isidro, Calibutbut and Cabalantian.
Procedures for Feedback, Updating and Future Actions
The MDRRMC through its Disaster, Plans and Operations Committee headed by the MDRRM Planning and
Research Officer is tasked to undertake and spearhead the review, evaluation, assessment and the updating of

LAND USE PLAN 2025
the plan as the needs arises. This exercise shall take into consideration any changes and development that have
occurred or have been introduced in the influenced or affected areas for a realistic planning.
The review/assessment shall look into the necessary relief rescue and rehabilitation undertaken before, during
and after the occurrence of emergency situations in the locality.
On the updating of the Contingency Plan, the items to be considered include the following: updated number of
population at risk, inventory of usable evacuation centers, preparation of hazard maps, updated list of contact
persons and inventory of supplies, equipment and other resources for disaster-related activities.
In addition, the said activity shall be supported with meetings and workshops to allow consultations among the
key implementors to integrate sectoral issues and concerns that have to be addressed in times of disaster and
any emergency situation. Likewise, matching of resources with the perceived needs of would be affected
individuals/communities is critical in any emergency situation.
Further, the evaluation of the plan would allow assessment of performance and the necessary actions to be
taken as well as identifying the lessons learned from actual experiences on disaster responsiveness of activities
and measures adopted as the bases for future actions.
In addition, the MPDC, through consultations shall further ensure that all the information relative to the said plan
should be property disseminated to all concerned MDRRM Committees , Local Officials and employees within the
Municipality.
Proper information dissemination to the local constituents shall also be undertaken to inform the public. The
Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Management Office (MDRRMO) shall maintain an updated report for
reference purposes.
Furthermore, a regular meeting of the MDRRMC shall be conducted to discuss thoroughly all appropriate plans
and strategies addressing disaster-related concerns aimed at minimizing risk impact.

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CHAPTER 5
DEVELOPMENT PLAN
VISION STATEMENT
The vision statement of the Bacolor Comprehensive Rehabilitation Plan serves as the mental picture for all
those involved in the transformation of the town as they reach for their dream of a reinvigorated Bacolor. It is
refined from the vision statement that had been prepared by the local government earlier in 2009. It reads as
follows:
VISION
We envision Bacolor as the premier center of Kapampangan arts and culture, history and education, inhabited
by a God centered, resilient and empowered citizenry living in a safe and friendly environment, governed by a
transparent, efficient, consultative, full of wisdom and strong-willed leadership moving towards a competitive
and dynamic center for agricultural, agro-industrial, commercial, residential and sustainable human
development.
The vision statement envisions Bacolor to serve not only as the logistics center of the Province, providing its
food and manpower services but as a center of cultural interest and influence. It also provides a clear picture
of the aspirations of its people in terms of the municipality’s role in relation to the province and the region as
well as the five major elements, namely the quality of the people, the nature of the local economy, the state of
the natural environment, the condition of the built environment and the capability of the local leadership.
The ideal Bacolor resident is God-centered, service oriented and empowered – qualities that are evidenced by
a peace-loving citizenry “Mayap a pamiutus” thatare caring and helpful towards the less fortunate in the
community and are active in active in matters of public concern.
As economic actors, they envision themselves to be competitive and dynamic in agricultural and commercial
enterprises, boasting of high yields in crop production, processed foods, manufactured goods, business
establishments and tourist visits.
As to their natural surroundings, the people desire a friendly, safe and well-managed environment, contented
to be able to maintain the quality of its air and water, aspiring toward more efficient solid waste management,
and wishing to be relieved if not free from the deleterious effects of lahar flows, floods and fires through an
adequate system of preparedness from disasters and risks.
Bacolor residents want to build for themselves a town that is well-planned so that it can grow efficiently and
responsively to the needs of the people – ensuring all have adequate supplies in terms of water, power, and
communication. They see their infrastructure to be of high quality, structurally sound systems for drainage,
sewerage, irrigation and circulation.
Finally, they envision their local leaders to be honest, intelligent, and strong-willed. Toward this end they
desire to have local bureaucrats that are capable and professional and a local government that is able to meet
the towns funding requirements and manage its finances on its own.

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OVERALL PHYSICAL STRATEGY AND LAND USE PLAN
DEVELOPMENT THRUSTS
The following are the encapsulized development thrusts and/or strategies that are designed to either solve the
problems or take advantage of the potentials of the municipality as discussed in the section on development
challenges. The development thrusts/strategies will guide the town towards the attainment of an accelerated
socioeconomic development within the purview of the next decade:
1. Establishment of Materials Recovery Facilities, update MOA with Metro Clark Waste Management
Corporation, and procure an additional garbage truck.
2. Desilting of creeks and rivers, declogging of drainage system, and construction of stream
embankments.
3. Implementation of lahar disaster contingency plan and strengthening coordination with Provincial
Disaster Coordinating Council and Office of Civil Defense.
4. Regular grass cutting within Metro Bacolor to prevent the occurrence of fires.
5. Devise ways through public consultation of making use of the opportunity offered by available land
for expansion of municipal built-up areas.
6. Encouragement of dispersion of urban development
7. Establishment of additional engineering intervention to counter the threats from lahar and flooding
hazards.
8. Prioritization of transportation system improvement in the Local Development Investment Plan.
9. Make use of the opportunities offered by the fairly adequate power, water and communications
infrastructural facilities.
10. Establishment of an adequate drainage and sewerage system.
11. Setting up of more public institutional structures such as barangay halls, multi-purpose centers,
health centers and school buildings.
12. Conduct of public consultations, feasibility studies and technical surveys for infrastructure
development.
13. Identification of suitable areas for crop and fishery production.
14. Development of market linkages as well as access and mobility for local products.
15. Promotion of processing of locally produced raw materials.
16. Provision of incentives for the location of businesses inside the municipality.
17. Establishment of a tourism promotion office in the municipality.
18. Development and packaging of local cultural, historical and natural attractions as part of promoting
tourism in the town.
19. Conduct of a skills training program geared towards the needs of the San Fernando-Clark-Subic
logistical hub
20. Capitalize on the religious, altruistic and peace – loving values of the local residents
21. Conduct of public awareness campaign on social issues that will lead to people empowerment.
22. Provision of more social services to the resettled and underprivileged residents of the municipality.
23. Rationalization of the local government bureaucratic staffing.
24. Establishment of an intensified and sustained capability-building program among municipal
government personnel.
25. Exploration of ways of augmenting local government revenues and minimization of dependence on
the Internal Revenue Allotment.
26. Initiation of campaign to attract investments from neighboring urban areas and from Metro Manila.
PHYSICAL/SPATIALSTRATEGIES
Based on the above thrusts, a spatial or physical strategy can be devised that will serve as the structural
plan for the different sectoral components of the comprehensive rehabilitation master plan. The spatial
l strategy delineates the emerging municipal morphology as influenced, too, by the municipal goals and
objectives, and by the physical geographic, land use, settlement, infrastructural and socioeconomic

LAND USE PLAN 2025
characteristics of the locality. The recommended overall morphology will serve as an approximate guide
for the future growth of the municipality within the next ten years.
Considering the current physical and cultural features of the municipality, three spatial strategies may be
examined for suitability as a guide for the accelerated socioeconomic development of the study area.
These three strategies appear to be the most suitable among the many types of physical strategy
available to the planning profession. The three models include the (1) Organic (Unplanned)
Development, (2) Central and Nodal strategy and (3) Bi-nodal Infilling strategy.
A. Organic (Unplanned) Development
Otherwise called the do-nothing scenario, this spatial morphology alternative involves no planning
intervention and merely allows development to transpire as guided by the physical features and natural
resources as well as by the instincts and common sense of the residents (Figure 28). Here development
could be spontaneous and random and can be rational without adverse effects on the environment and
the population. Development nodes develop in flat and accessible areas, in the process forming
agglomeration economies that stimulate growth. Urban and environmental functions are closely
integrated to achieve sustainable development. Settlement and infrastructural development offers high
visual amenity. However, in the absence of planning intervention, disorderly and haphazard development
may more likely ensue. Land use and social conflicts may occur, the town may suffer economic costs, and
development may be stymied. If terrain features present obstacles as in the case of Bacolor, a relatively
low level of technological growth may occur. Massive technological alterations are necessary and the
locality may be sensitive to population pressures amidst the lack of amenities.
With regard to Bacolor, the flat terrain can invite urban development as in the areas of Bgy. Calibutbut,
Bgys. San Isidro and Magliman, portions of Bgys Santa Barbara and Parulog, Bgy. Cabambangan, and Bgy.
Cabalantian. However, with the exception of Bgy. Calibutbut, the other four areas are still susceptible to
flooding and stream flow sedimentation. Bgy. Cabalantian in particular is highly prone to flooding, and
that there is a need to fill up the area with earth materials to make its elevation at par with that of the
nearby Poblacion. Susceptibility to lahar deposition may be low but flooding still requires costly
infrastructural mitigating measures.

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Figure 28. Organic (Uplanned Development)

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B. Central and Nodal Physical Strategy
Variously called the multiple nuclei model as conceptualized by Harris and Ullman or the dispersed
concentration strategy, this scheme assumes a major center or node that dominates the municipal
landscape. This central place which could refer to the Central Business District (CBD) is supported by
minor nodes or centers that surround it (Figure 29). The central nucleus acts as the distribution point for
specialized functions and services to the minor nodes and could sometimes experience congestion.
Hence, there is a need to decongest it and develop new and smaller centers that can act as markets for
the major node’s processed goods and services as well as act as service centers for the infusion of
services and investments in the rural areas. The central node can also act as the market for the raw
material products of the smaller nodes. Although the spatial development is hierarchical in form among
the different nuclei, their relationship is complimentary.
In the case of Bacolor, the major node is in Bgy. Cabambangan or the Poblacion while its minor nodes are
Bgy. Calibutbut, the Bgy. San Isidro and Bgy. Magliman area, Bgy. Cabalantian and portions of Bgy. Santa
Barbara and Bgy. Parulog area. The problem with this strategy is that, while theoretically the minor nodes
are seen to be linked to the CBD and they are also linked together into a socioeconomic circuit to create a
dynamic cellular economy, there is no consideration of the uneven level of urban development in the
minor nodes and of the type and intensity of natural hazard they are exposed to. It cannot be assumed
that the smaller nodes have the same level of development and the same gravity of problems. The
model also appears to be parochial and inward-looking, i.e., it does not pay attention to the attraction of
development impulses coming from the progressive urban areas such as the City of San Fernando and
Angeles City.

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Figure 29. Central and Nodal Physical Strategy

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C. Bi-Nodal Infilling Physical Strategy
Under this strategy, two nodes will be initially developed – the Poblacion central node near the City of
San Fernando and the northern Calibutbut node near Angeles City (Figure 30). Developmental impulses
from these two major municipal nodes will be subsequently channeled to the developable eastern strip
of the town outside the Eastern Megadike following a development infilling process. Developmental
influences will be drawn from the two proximate advanced cities of the province. Developmental
impulses will also pivot again, following an infilling process, to the safer portions of Bgys. Santa Barbara –
Parulog area and to Bgy. Cabalantian in two directions from the Poblacion node. The socioeconomic
growth impulses in the Poblacion will be catalyzed by the establishment of the institutional structures
and infrastructures such as the Rodriguez District Hospital, Livelihood Training Center, Don Honorio
Ventura Technological state University Dormitory and Gymnasium, elementary schools, and additional
dikes and roads. The Calibutbut node, which may be considered as an alternative to the old Central
Business District (CBD) which grew following an organic or unplanned pattern, will be catalyzed by
developmental impulses coming from the Clark Special Economic Zone as the logistic node of Central and
Northern Luzon.
Unlike in the central and nodal physical strategy which assumes that the nodes have already experienced
fairly advanced and uniform developments that would not need substantial infusion of investments and
aid, in the case of the bi-nodal infilling physical strategy many portions of the municipality really have to
start literally from scratch. This is in consideration of the fact that the lahar depositions all over the town
have initially rendered most areas unbuildable and that even if in some areas lahar deposition has already
safely stabilized, they are still relatively barren and wanting of development and land use schemes. The
Bgys. Santa Barbara-Parulog area, the Bgys. San Isidro-Magliman section and the Bgy. Cabalantian corner
need controlled socioeconomic infilling activities as they have only scanty settlements and economic
activities and they are still susceptible to flooding and lahar flow.

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Figure 30. Bi-Nodal Infilling Physical Strategy

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SELECTED PHYSICAL STRATEGY
After a brief description of the three suitable physical strategies, there is now a need to evaluate which of
them would be most suitable to achieve the vision, goals objectives thrusts and strategies that would
rehabilitated the lahar-ravaged town and accelerate its socioeconomic development within the coming ten-
year planning period. The planning team has decided to employ the Goal Achievement Matrix (GAM)
methodology in evaluating the above three physical/spatial strategies. The GAM method involves the
selection of a preferred strategy through the evaluation of alternative strategies against the stated thrusts or
goals of the community as derived from an analysis of its development constraints and potentials. The
existence of diverse goals from different sectors necessitates the use of a system of weights as inputs into the
appraisal technique. Table 5.1 shows the GAM method as applied to Bacolor. The table uses the development
thrusts/strategies derived from the town’s development challenges as basis for evaluating the three most
applicable spatial strategies and coming out with a preferred strategy. A plus (+) sign indicates the thrust will
have a stronger possibility of being achieved by the strategy if it is selected while a minus (-) sign shows a
lesser likelihood of the goal being achieved by the strategy. A combined plus and minus (+-) sign means that
there are equal possibilities that the goal may or may not be achieved by the strategy. The strategy with the
highest number of positive points will be chosen as the preferred strategy.
Table 5.1 Goal Achievement Matrix for Bacolor Comprehensive Land Use Plan
Organic (Unplanned) Central and Nodal Bi-Nodal Infilling
Sectoral Thrust/Strategy
Development Physical Strategy Physical Strategy
1. Establishment of Materials
Recovery Facilities, arrange
MOA with Metro Clark Waste
Mgt. Corporation, and procure - + +
a garbage truck
2. Desilting of creeks and rivers,
declogging of drainage system,
and construction of stream - +- +
embankments
3. Implementation of lahar
disaster contingency plan and
strengthening coordination
with Provincial Disaster - +- +
Coordinating Council and Office
of Civil Defense
4. Regular grass cutting within
Metro Bacolor to prevent the
occurrence of fires + + +
5. Devise ways through public

consultation of making use of
the opportunity offered by
available land for expansion of - + +
municipal built-up areas
6. Encouragement of dispersion + + +
of urban development

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Organic (Unplanned) Central and Nodal Bi-Nodal Infilling

Sectoral Thrust/Strategy
Development Physical Strategy Physical Strategy
7. Establishment of additional
engineering interventions to
counter the threats from lahar - +- +
and flooding
8. Prioritization of transportation
system improvement in the
Local Development Investment - + +
Plan
9. Make use of the opportunities
offered by the fairly adequate
power, water and
communications infrastructure - + +
facilities
10. Establishment of an adequate
drainage and sewerage system - +- +-
11. Setting up of more public
institutional structures such as
barangay halls, multi-purpose
centers, health centers and + + +
school buildings
12. Conduct of public
consultations, feasibility
studies and technical surveys - + +
for infrastructure development
The table shows that the organic (unplanned) development approach would be the least preferred, with the
central and nodal strategy next preferred, and the binodal infilling strategy most preferred. Based on the
number of advantages and disadvantages, the bi-nodal infiling strategy would be the most suitable for Bacolor
as it has the highest number of advantages and the lowest number of disadvantages. In terms of advantages,
the organic (unplanned) development approach and central and nodal strategy have a total of only 5 and 6,
respectively, while in terms of disadvantages both have a high total of 8. Qualitatively speaking, the most
significant advantages of the organic development or “do nothing” approach are its quick response to pressing
problems and the non-requirement of massive capital outlays for programs and projects. However, its most
important disadvantage has to do with disregarding the relatively high vulnerability of the town to geologic,
geomorphic and hydrologic hazards, with leaders just waiting for hazards to occur and reacting to them
accordingly without initiating anticipatory interventionist schemes. This inadequacy of the approach should be
given a considerable weight and should be given prime consideration above other planning schemes. Another
major disadvantage is the slow, if not stagnant, development of the municipality that the approach will foment
as the decision-makers routinely “muddle through” their administrative and development tasks.
In the case of the central and nodal strategy, it lends itself to a suitable planning scheme for the town because
the existing infrastructures such as dikes and roads have divided the area into nodes or sections with varying
levels of socioeconomic development and land use intensity, with the Poblacion acting as the central node. Its
most important advantages include the dispersion of development to the periphery of the town as well as the
integration of the Poblacion and other nodes towards the development of an interactive local economy.
However, like the organic development approach, its most significant disadvantage is its inattention to the
dangerous challenges posed by lahar and sediment flows as well as flooding. The approach assumes that the
nodes are simply economically stagnant with stable environmental conditions and only waiting for
development schemes to be initiated. Thus, given ordinary environmental circumstances, the approach could
also be an appropriate strategy for the municipality. A second major disadvantage of the strategy is its non-
consideration of the different levels of development and land utilization of the nodes other than the Poblacion
that could have suggested an infilling process. A third significant disadvantage is the inward-looking attitude

LAND USE PLAN 2025
of the approach that disregards the development opportunities offered by the City of San Fernando and
Angeles City and even by the Clark Special Economic Zone logistic hub.
Clearly, the bi-nodal infilling strategy offers itself as the most preferred approach primarily because of its
advantage of seriously considering the challenges posed by the natural hazards, so much so that the planning
process it suggests does not propose the formulation of an ordinary comprehensive land use plan but the
drawing up actually of a rehabilitation master plan. A second most significant advantage is the consideration
of the unevenness in the levels of development and intensity of land use in the different nodes that has led to
the conceptualization of an infilling scheme and a bi-polar development focus for the municipality. A third
major advantage is the outward-looking orientation of the strategy that capitalizes on the development
opportunities offered by the large proximate urban centers. Lastly, a fourth important advantage is the
dispersion of development efforts to the rural and interior areas and integrating them to the two major nodes
towards the formation of a dynamic local cellular economy. One significant disadvantage of the approach is
the massive capital outlays it will require for the establishment of infrastructures and the conduct of
engineering schemes that will mitigate the occurrence of natural hazards and allow the socioeconomic
programs and projects to be implemented. Another major disadvantage is that many areas with high
susceptibility to lahar and sediment deposition as well as inundation cannot be recommended for urban use
and can only be limited for the time being to agricultural use. Thus, in both quantitative and qualitative terms,
the bi-nodal infilling strategy offers the promise of an environmentally safe and a development-inducing
planning process.
LAND USE PLAN
Strategic Issue
As previously noted, nowhere is the damage to Bacolor more evident than its continued exposure to flooding
and lahar flows. These two hazards have caused considerable destruction to residential units, physical
infrastructure such as roads, bridges and flood control structures, as well as to health and educational
facilities. These hazards are characterized by rapid onsets leaving the vulnerable areas and population little
time and forewarning. Indeed, the success of all other sectoral (e.g., economic, social, etc.) rehabilitation
efforts presupposes that flooding and lahar flows are effectively controlled.
Thus, a strategic issue that needs to be resolved at the outset in the formulation of a land use plan has to do
with the priorities that must be given to infrastructure interventions to ensure the safety and protection
(especially of urban and built-up areas) against flooding and lahar flows. Ideally, all such interventions must be
in place immediately in the short-term. The reality, however, is that resources are scarce and that it is not
financially feasible to implement all infrastructure investments at the same time. Although the analysis
undertaken for the preparation of this rehabilitation master plan has been comprehensive in terms of sectoral
coverage, the master plan itself must necessarily be strategic in character, i.e., it is premised on the
assumption that resources are not unlimited. In short, infrastructure investments aimed at mitigating the
adverse impacts of flooding and lahar flows must be phased and prioritized.
The land use plan presented in this plan is based on the assumption that infrastructure interventions will be
phased to give priority to the following projects:
 Repair and rehabilitation of Gugu Dike to protect residents in the southern part of Bacolor and to include
desilting of the Gugu creek, dike embankment and slope protection works;
 Construction of the Gugu Ring Dike to protect the southern barangays of Bacolor to include the Poblacion
area;
 Completion of the unfinished concrete armoring of the Gugu Dike to prevent the possibility of breaching;
 As further protection to residents and built-up areas, installation of water gates in the southern part of
Bacolor to draw floodwater that may be accumulated within the ring dike;
 To ensure the smooth flow of drainage water, repair and improvement of the internal drainage system.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
At the same time, it is important to emphasize that, in the absence of detailed studies, and given the
changing landscape and topography of Bacolor, there is no clear and hard evidence to show that the above
interventions would suffice to totally contain floodwaters in the long-term. Although the series of lahar
events that occurred following the eruption of Mt. Pinatubo caused the rising of the ground surface on the
west side of the municipality, there may be a need, in the longer term, for the channeling of the Pasig
Potrero River to divert water flow to the west mega-dike system. It is, however, recommended that such
an intervention go through the following phases:
 Conduct of a detailed feasibility study (FS) to include hydrologic, geologic and soil assessment attendant to
the pilot channeling of the Pasig Protrero River.
 Contingent on the results of the detailed FS, the diversion of floodwaters to the Westr Mega Dike channel
by dredging and excavating the Pasig Potrero River, reducing water discharge in the Gugu creek; and
 Also contingent on the results of the FS, and to complement the river channeling project, armoring and
improvement of the west mega dike spillway.
Land Use Planning Objectives
In the context of the above strategic issue, and based on the physical geographic and land use situational
analysis as well as the rehabilitation challenges or problems and potentials discussed earlier, the following
land use planning objectives may now be stated:
1. To formulate a land use plan that will help achieve the effective rehabilitation of Bacolor from its lahar-
ravaged and socio-economically distressedondition.
2. To generate a rational land use plan that will provide direction to the town’s physical growth and
sectoral development within the next ten (10) years.
3. To integrate and reflect, where applicable, in the land use plan the sectoral plans in order to come up
with an integrated and comprehensive rehabilitation master plan for the municipality.
4. To generate a land use plan that will correct the current disorderly, incompatible, conflicting, improper
and underutilized manner of using space in the town.
5. To formulate a land use plan that takes into consideration the physical framework, land use and
development programs and policies of the national and provincial governments in order to achieve an
integrated multilevel planning process.
Alternative Strategies
The following alternative strategies are presented as ways of effectively implementing a land use plan that
will be generated in this section:
1. The indication of clear boundaries as a way of avoiding vagueness in the limits of land uses in cases of
boundary and jurisdictional conflicts.
2. The delineation of land use categories that integrate the physical with the cultural determinants of
land use planning.
3. The delineation of land use categories that will avoid conflict and incompatibility but will promote
economy, accessibility, convenience, health and safety, amenity and overall livability in the
community.
4. The formulation of a land use plan that will help actualize the bi-nodal infilling physical strategy.
5. The use of appropriate land allocation standards that will result to the formulation of a rational, and
not an arbitrary, land use scheme.
6. The delineation of land use categories using well tested planning principles and observe current
policies of the national government that are related to land use planning

LAND USE PLAN 2025
PROJECTED URBAN SPACE DEMAND AND SUPPLY
It is important to know the demand for urbanizable areas and the supply available for such demand within the
purview of the ten-year planning period. The evaluation will determine if there is still sufficient space for an
increasing population in a place where land is actually limited. In determining the urban land demand for
Bacolor, space allocation standards from various guidelines of the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board
(HLURB) were used. The guidelines include those on land use planning, economic sector planning and zoning
ordinance formulation. The standards used are at best indicative guides that could be varied on a short -,
medium- and long-term basis. In the current exercise, the conservative framework is adopted with the aim of
deriving more realistic planning standards for a town which is just showing signs of recovery from the ravages
wrought by lahar flow. Table 5.2 shows the standards adopted for Bacolor, in which those for residential,
infrastructural and industrial uses are relatively high per 1000 population, considering that these are space-
consuming uses. All in all, these urban land use standards total 5.75 hectares per 1000 population, which is
close to the NEDA standard of 6 hectares.
Table 5.2 Land Use Standards for Allocating Urban Land Space in Bacolor
Land Use Category Standard
Residential 2.60 ha. per 1000 population
Commercial 0.10 ha. per 1000 population
Institutional 0.30 ha. per 1000 population
Industrial 0.80 ha. per 1000 population
Recreational 0.05 ha. per 1000 population
Infrastructural 1.90 ha. per 1000 population
Source: HLURB
GENERAL LAND USE
EXISTING GENERAL LAND USE
The General Land Use Plan of Bacolor covers the entire uses of the land within the municipality. It consists of
the two uses; the existing and the proposed land use. It is broken down into its specific land use category such
as the built-up areas that include residential, commercial, institutional and other similar uses; agricultural,
including lahar covered agri areas that are seasonally used; infrastructure utilities; sand mining and quarrying;
tourism sites; industrial; cemetery; rivers and creeks; socialized housing, and parks and plaza. All of them had
specific area utilized for this purpose
Agricultural Area - Prior to the eruption of Mt Pinatubo, the town had a fertile land and substantial water
resources. Of its 7,110 hectares, its area devoted for agriculture was estimated to comprise 6,515 hectares.
Agriculture during the pre-Pinatubo years was Bacolor’s dominant land use. The existing area potential for
agricultural production is 2,511 hectares planted with rice, corn, vegetables, root crops and fruit trees. Another
2,869 hectares still has to be fully rehabilitated but occasionally leased by owners for seasonal crops like
sugarcane.
Agri-industrial – The existing area for agri-industrial is about 14 hectares and is dominated by livestock and
poultry raising that are of commercial and backyard enterprise types. One poultry dressing plant is located in
Sta. Barbara where poultry farms also exist. Poultry raisers can also be found in San Isidro, Potrero, Maliwalu
and Concepcion. These barangays are located inside the Mega-Dike.
Aquaculture- Prior to Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption, Bacolor has a pronounced aquaculture industry in the swamps
and marshes of Tinajero, Mesalipit and Talba,. At present only about 71 hectares is devoted to fishfarming.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
These fishponds can be found in the barangays of Balas, San Isidro, Sta Barbara, Cabetican and Macabacle.
Lahar covered Agriculture Area- 2,869 hectares of farm lots are dominantly covered by shrubs and grasses.
These can be found mostly inside the Megadike and at the downstream portion of the municipality.
Built-up Areas - The total built-up area of the municipality is 574 hectares. It is composed of the urban and rural
built-up, residential, institutional, tourism and commercial areas. The concentration of the settlement structures
in every barangay is built around the school buildings, barangay halls, along the roads and any other community
basic facilities where social interaction and functions usually takes place.
Industrial –Manufacturing industries are confined to barangay Calibutbut which have not been affected by lahar
or flooding. The barangay is host to Angeles Industrial Park, 32 hectare export processing zone. The other 10
hectares are utilized by medium industries like Jackbuilt, located barangay in San Isidro, BGC Batching Plant in
Cabalantian and Sabellano Poultry Dressing Plant located in barangay Sta. Barbara.
Institutional – Institutions like DHVTSU, the Municipal Hall Complex, barangay halls, Ricardo Rodriguez Hospital,
schools, clinics and similar government buildings occupy 53 hectares. Most of these are located in the Poblacion
area.
Road Network and Other Infra Facilities - The existing road network in the municipality is 112 hectares or 1.57%
of the total land area of Bacolor. It includes the existing roads in the rural and urban barangays being categorized
as national, provincial, municipal and barangay roads.
Tourism - The Municipality of Bacolor has seven identified tourism sites with a consolidated area of 7 hectares.
They are presently located at barangays Cabambangan, Cabetican, San Vicente and Sta. Barbara.
Parks and Recreation– 80 hectares composed the various parks and recreation areas scattered all over the
municipality. Included in this area are the buffer zones along the megadike zone of the municipality, river
easements that stretch along riverbanks within the urban and portion of the rural barangays.
Cemeteries/Memorial Parks – There are five (5) cemeteries/memorial parks occupying about 10 hectares in
Bacolor. Four are privately owned and one is a public cemetery. These are located in barangays Sta Ines,
Cabalantian, San Isidro and Cabambangan.
Socialized Housing- The NHA has a socialized housing project measuringsome 6 hectares at barangay Tinajero.
Quarry, Rivers and Creeks – The river and creek network constitutes 863 hectares. Most of it lies along the old
path of the Pasig-Potrero River (west side) and where it is now re-channeled (east side). About 80 hectares of
this network is where sand quarrying is happening.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
POBLACION
SAN GUILLERMO
HOUSING
PROJECT
TINAJERO
Socialized Housing Project in Tinajero
Rivers and Waterways Rehabilitation Project
Before and After Mt. Pinatubo’s eruption 1991- 2000

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 31. Existing Land Use Map, Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 5.3 Existing General Land Use
Land Use Category Area (Has) % to Total
Agricultural Production 2,511 35.32
Agri-industrial 14 .196
Aquaculture 71 .998
Lahar covered Agriculture Area 2,869 40.35
Residential 420 5.907
Commercial 52 .731
Industrial 42 .590
Institutional 53 .745
Utilities, Transportation & Services 112 1.575
Tourism 7 .0984
Parks and Recreation 80 1.125
Cemeteries/Memorial Parks/ 10 .141
Socialized Housing 6 .084
Rivers and Creeks
863 12.13
Quarry (80 has.)
TOTAL 7110 100
Source: MPDO
PROPOSED GENERAL LAND USE
The CLUP of Bacolor is focused on the rehabilitation and restorartion of 20 barangays of Bacolor (Calibutbut
was spared by lahar) to a level nearest to their pre Pinatubo years. Nine ((9) of these barangays (Balas,
Concepcion, Dolores, Duat, Maliwalu, Parulog, Potrero, Sta Barbara and San Antonio) are within the FVR Mega
Dike, an area now declared as a Restricted Development Area (RDA) until the re-channeling of the Pasig-
Potrero River to its original course to the western side of the municipality.
Building of structures within the RDA is being discouraged particularly in areas where lahar still flows during
the monsoon season. However, residents coming back to rebuild their homes in their private lots cannot be
altogether prohibited except from adequately warning them to be at all times prepared for any eventualities.
There are areas, though in the RDA that have proven safe and high enough from flooding that can be used for
agro-industrial development. While the use of the Mega Dike area is being restricted, there are engineering
interventions being implemented to confine lahar flows on the main river channel and restrict the overflowing
to nearby residential and commercial areas. These engineering works bring hope to residents wanting to
return to rebuild their communities.
Table 5.4 shows the proposed land utilization of the town. During the planned period, particularly with
Bacolorenos returning to their homelots, the built up area is expected to be 1,764 hectares or an increase of
1,190 hectares from the present figure. Of these,1,244 hectares is destined for Residential use, 145 hectares
for Commercial purposes, 281.5 hectares is assumed for Industrial usage, 78.5 hectares will be for institutional
purposes, 92 hectares is for Parks and Recreation purposes that include at least 500 square meter
greenbelt/buffer zones for each barangays, while Infrastructure projects will use about 166 hectares, 15
hectares for eco-torism sites, 15 hectares is for cemeteries and memorial parks, 35 hectares for socialized
housing and 639 hectares for rivers and drainage system.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 5.4 Proposed General Land Use
Land Use Category Area (Has) % to Total

Agricultural Production 2087 29.35
Agricultural Protection 1,985 28.00
Agri-industrial 77 1.10
Aquaculture 250 3.52
Residential 1,244 17.50
Commercial 145 2.13
Industrial 281.5 3.96
Institutional 78.5 1.10
Utilities, Transportation & Services 166 2.33
Tourism 15 0.11
Parks and Recreation 92 1.29
Cemeteries/Memorial Parks 15 0.21
Socialized Housing 35 0.49
Rivers and Creeks
639 8.90
Quarry Area (121 has.)
TOTAL 7110 100

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 32. Proposed Land Use Map, Bacolor

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Agriculture Production Zone. A total of 2,087 hectares will be devoted for agricultural production to optimize
the production towards an increase in economic activity involving men and women, ushering a better life for
the constituents. In the next ten years, planned production and marketing will be improved and enhanced in
the agriculture sector. Detailed studies on the suitability of crops, fruit bearing tree species, fish species and
livestock raising should be undertaken immediately. Areas for multi-space cropping, rice, fruits, rootcrops and
vegetables catchment should be identified and developed. Farm-tourism destination in barangays Maliwalu,
Concepcion, Sta Barbara, San Isidro, Potrero and San Antonio shall be developed that would create job
employment and maintain ecological balance development. Light Agri-Industrial facilities will be located in or
inter-mixed with or co-located in residential areas shall be established in barangay Cabalantian, Macabacle and
San Isidro.
Agriculture Protection Zone. A total of 1,985 hectares that are located in barangays San Isidro, Magliman,
Macabacle, Cabetican, Talba and Tinajero will be used because of their sustainability towards the creation of
ecologically balanced communities. These must be protected and declared as lands under full protection and
regulation. In the planning period, the participation of farmers and other stakeholders shall be ensured in the
planning and decision making process particularly in the identified protection areas.
Built-up Area. Based on the present and future development trend in the municipality, it is expected that the
built-up area requirements will increase by 2,072 hectares due to the increase in population, both via natural
growth and the influx of former residents, and the entry of new investment in the town. The rate of the
increase in the urban built-up varies with the rural built-up. The changes are due to areas designated for
institutional, parks and recreation, residential,tourism, industrial and commercial. In the proposed land use
plan , the strips of land that were formely agricultural on both sides of the JASA and MNR are designated as
part of the built-up area.
Industrial Zone. Maliwalu is envisioned to be the catchment area for the expansion of industries in barangay
Calibutbut. Together, they will contribute to the future industrialization of the municipality as an alternate
growth center in the central part of Pampanga. This makes it logical for mini-industrial estates to be developed
in the municipality especially in the area of processing and manufacturing. The proposed growth area is
located in the northeastern part Barangay Maliwalu, outside of the FVR Mega Dike, increasing the town’s
industrial area to 281.5 hectares. The designated area is is outside the rain-induced flooding hazard. Structural
mitigating measures e.g. adoption of hazard-resilient construction and maintenance for the buildings shall be
properly installed to protect against major hazard threats.
Socialized Housing Zone. Three other sites are proposed for socialized housing. They are located in barangays
Duat (12 hectares), San Antonio (14 hectares)) and Mesalipit (3 hectares) for a total of 29 hectares more. This
will increase to 35 hectares the land allotted for socialized housing.
Tourism Zone. The proposed area for tourism in the municipality will increase by eight (8) hectares designated
within the existing sites. The development will focus more on ecotourism and a community-based tourism
development mixed with provisions for recreation, gaming, hotel, restaurant and other facilities for visitors
and tourists.
Parks and Recreation Zone. With barangays being repopulated by returning residents, an additional 12
hectares spread all over the municipality will be developed to provide space for green parks and walking areas.
Cemetery/Memorial Park Zone. Cemeteries are planned in barangays Sta. Barbara and Maliwalu with a
combined total area of five (5) hectares. Existing cemeteries have no plans of extending or adding to their
present areas since they have yet to exceed their capacity.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Quarry Zone. The existing quarry
and mining activities shall be
increased to an area of 121 hectares
or 51.2% more hectares from the
existing. Majority of these quarry
sites will be located along the stretch
of the Pasig-Potrero River and Gugu
Creek. Minor rivers in need of
desilting may be included among
quarry areas. Only scraping activities
will be allowed in other areas.
Quarrying will be regulated where
there should ne no sand mining
activities 300-500 meters away from
the FVR Megadike and 1000 meters
away from major infrastructures like
roads and bridges.
Rivers and waterways. To improve

the natural drainage system of
Bacolor and act as flood mitigating
infrastructures, the river and water
system of Bacolor will be recovered
through the rehabilitation of 639
hectares on which this river system
used to exists.
COMPARATIVE LAND USE -

EXISTING AND PROPOSED LAND
USE
The existing area for agriculture development totals to 5,380 hectares. These include the lahar covered areas
that, at present, are not yet rehabilitated. Of these figure, 2,511 hectares are fully rehabilitated and
productively planted.
Agricultural areas during the planned period are seen to decrease from 5,380 hectares (75.27% of total land
area) to 4,072 (57.27% of total land area) in 2025. Bacolor’s proximity to the rapidly developing economies of
Angeles City and the City of San Fernando and its inclusion to the Metropolitan Clark Development area will
validate the need for more urbanizable land. The unproductive farmlands will be extensively rehabilitated and
restored to their full productivity to compensate the area planned for urbanization. Inner barangays with
productive agricultural lands will remain as such.
During the planning period, residential areas will likely move up to 1,244 hectares or an increase of 824
hectares .At present, residential subdivisions are taking roots in Bacolor. This is very noticeable in San Isidro,
Calibutbut, Magliman, Cabalantian and Macabacle. These barangays offer potential sites for housing in
anticipation of the expanding population of the City of San Fernando and Angeles City. With DHVTSU’s
increasing enrolment every year, dormitories and commercial establishments are sprouting in San Vicente, Sta
Ines, Cabambangan and Cabetican.
Commercial land use will occupy 145 hectares, while 281.5 hectares will be for Industrial use with Maliwalu
opening up with industries spilling over from nearby Calibutbut. Likewise, 78.5 hectares is slated for

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Institutional purposes, 92 hectares for Parks/Open Space/Greenbelts, 166 hectares for Infrastructure projects
and 15 hectares for Cemeteries and memorial parks.
Light industries or smallscale manufacturing, including warehousing or logistics hubbing is expected to boom in
Bacolor and these enterprises will be located in barangays San Isidro, Macabacle, Magliman, Cabalantian, San
Vicente and Cabetican. New medium industries can be housed in Maliwalu, parts of Sta Barbara, Dolores and
Parulog. During the planning period, 239.5 hectares is expected to be redeveloped for industrial purposes.
The site for socialized housing is presently confined in Barangay Tinajero. Called the San Guillermo Housing
Project, it is 500 unit housing project sitting on a six (6) hectare lot of the National Housing Authority. By the
end of the planning period, an additional 29 hectares for housing projects will be added. These lots will be
found in barangays Mesalipit, San Antonio and Duat.
Fishfarming will be pushed as part of the town’s food security program and will be developed as a prime
economic activity. The barangays of Mesalipit, Talba and parts of Tinajero, Sta Barbara, Balas and Cabetican
are seen as hosts for this kind of enterprise. By the end of the planning period, fishpond development is
projected to be at 250 hectares.
Agri-industrial development projects are likely to come in during the planned period. The projected area for
these economic activities is in the safer portions of the Restricted Development Zone. Barangays like Potrero,
Maliwalu, Dolores, Concepcion and Sta Barbara are potential sites for agro-industrial investors. 77 hectares are
expected to be developed for agri-industrial enterprises during the planned period.
Eco-tourism sites, mostly farm tourism sites, will likely increase to 15 hectares from the present 7 hectares.
Most of these farm and resorts sites will be found inside the Mega Dike area.
Table 5.5 Comparative Table: Existing and Proposed General Land Use
% TO PROPOSED % TO DIFFERENCE
LAND USECATEGORY EXISTING (Has)
TOTAL (Has) TOTAL (Has)
Agricultural Production 2,511 35.32 2,087 29.35 328

Agricultural Protection - - 1,985 27.92 1,985
Lahar covered Agriculture Area 2,869 40.35 - - -
Agri-industrial 14 .196 77 1.08 63
Aquaculture 71 .998 250 3.52 179
Residential 420 5.907 1,244 17.49 824
Commercial 52 .731 145 2.04 93
Industrial 42 .590 281.5 3.96 239.5
Institutional 53 .745 78.5 1.104 25.5
Utilities, Transporation &
112 1.575 166 54
Services 2.33
Tourism 7 .098 15 0.2109 8
Parks and Recreation 80 1.125 92 1.293 12
Cemeteries/Memorial Parks 10 .141 15 0.21 5
Socialized Housing 6 .084 35 0.5 29
Rivers and Creeks 863 639
12.13 8.99 224
Quarry Area (80 has.) (121 has.)
TOTAL 7,110 100 7,110 100

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Figure 33. General Zoning Map, Bacolor
GENERAL ZONING MAP

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 5.6 Urban Land Use

Existing Proposed
CATEGORY
AREA (HaS) AREA (HaS)
% to TOTAL % to TOTAL
Residential 420 6,0 1244 17.4
Commercial 52 .73 145 2.03
Industrial 42 .59 281.5 3.9
Institutional 53 .75 78.5 1.10
Parks and Recreation 80 1.1 92 1.2
Tourism 7 .09 15 .21
Soocialized Housing 6 .08 35 .49
Utilities, Transporation & Services 112 1.6 166 2.5
Cemeteries,/Memorial parks 10 .14 15 .21
Urban Use Sub Total 782 10.9 2072 29.04
Agricultural 5465 4399
Production Zone 2511 2087
Protected Zone --- 1985
76.86 61.87
Lahar-covered 2869 ----
Agri-Industrial 14 77
Aquaculture 71 250
Rivers, Creeks & Canals 863 12.14 639 8.99
TOTAL 7110 100 7110 100
Source: MPDO
The urban land use category occupies a large area of 2,072 hectares. The urban land use area includes such
land use categories as the residential, commercial, institutional, industrial, recreational and infrastructural
uses. The urban land uses are distributed in three sections of the town that are considered to be safe from
lahar deposition, sediment-laden streamflows, and flashfloods. These urbanizable areas are in the following
barangays: (1) Cabetican-Cabambangan-Santa Ines - San Vicente - Cabalantian area; (2) San Isidro-Magliman -
Macabacle area; and (3) Calibutbut- Maliwalu area. The three urban areas are planned for mixed uses,
containing in particular commercial uses.
Also seen in the proposed land use plan are major infrastructural interventions intended to protect the urban
areas. The Gugu Dike Extension is intended to prevent flooding within the Bgys. Santa Barbara-San Antonio-
Parulog area when the Gugu Creek overflows its banks. The Gugu Ring Dike will also prevent flooding in the
Poblacion and Cabalantian areas. Water canal improvements and earth filling activities will also be conducted
in the low-lying areas of Cabalantian in order to raise their elevation equal to that of the Poblacion and nearby
areas and in the process minimize flooding hazards. Water impounding dams are planned near the
southwestern section of the town to regulate water deposition in the fishpond areas and prevent flooding in
the Central Business District.
Agricultural Area. The proposed total agricultural area is made up of 4,399 hectares and made up of two (2)
sections. The proposed agricultural production section of the town is concentrated in the Pasig-Potrero
alluvial fan or watershed area above and below the Transverse Dike and between the West and East Mega
Dikes. The Santa Barbara-San Antonio-Parulog-Dolores-Concepcion-Balas-Duat-Potrero-Maliwalu area should
still be recommended for agricultural use pending the conduct of a hydrologic study that will determine the
additional infrastructure interventions still to be set up within the Mega Dike areas. Since the lots within the
area are privately-owned, the concerned property owners cannot be totally be prohibited from pursuing any
undertatking in their respective property but are advised to observe vigilance and disaster preparedness to
avoid unnecessary loss of lives and properties. Small portions are also found on the sides of the lower sections
of the two mega dikes. The main agricultural section is relegated strictly to farming activities as this is still

LAND USE PLAN 2025
susceptible to lahar, sedimentladen stream flows and flashfloods. Orchards are also allowed in the area. With
the stabilization of geomorphic and hydrologic processes, urban activities will gradually be allowed in this area.
Meanwhile, even as cash crop cultivation of sugarcane, vegetables and corn is allowed in the area, palay
farming should be encouraged especially in the unused grassland sections as a way of pursuing food security in
the municipality. The planned agricultural production section covers a large area of 2,164 hectares or 30.43%
of the municipal land area.
The agricultural protection zone is 1,985 hectares or 27.91% of the municipal area. This section includes fertile
farmlots that were protected when the Megadike was built and therefore were not deeply buried by lahar.
These farmlots can be found in barangays San Isidro, Macabacle, Magliman, Cabalantian and Cabetican.
Aquaculture. The southern section of the town is planned for fishpond use as it is flood-prone, waterclogged
and serves as the depository of water flow through the Gugu Creek, Parulog Creek and Baluyot River. In this
low-lying section, grasslands and former swamp areas are currently being converted into aquaculture ponds
intended for raising tilapia and bangus. A few portions are used as fish hatchery sides. There are also existing
fishponds in Bgys. Balas, Santa Barbara and Macabale and these may be maintained, considering their high
per-unit area economic return and the difficulty of filling them up for urban use. Proximate markets for
fishpond produce are Angeles City and the City of San Fernando. The fishpond area has an extent of 250
hectares or 3.55% of the municipal area. As part of its food security and economic enhancement program,
fishfarming activities in the downstream barangays of Talba, Mesalipit, portions of Tinajero, Cabetican and Sta
Barbara will be promoted. These barangays are the original fishing barangays of the town prior to Mt
Pinatubo’s eruption.
Quarry Area Minable lahar can be seen in the upper portion of the town along river courses in Bgys. Maliwalu,
Dolores, Concepcion, Parulog, San Antonio, Mesalipit and portions of San Vicente. Lahar mining is currently
being conducted in these areas, with the volcanic material being sold in nearby areas for making hollow blocks.
Minor lahar collection is also seen along the course of Gugu Creek between the Lateral Dike and East Mega
Dike. Lahar mining, however, should be regulated and done in a manner that would open and deepen old
river or creek courses to minimize flooding in urban areas. Sand mining activities should be located at least 500
meters away from the FVR Megadike and 1000 meters away from infrastructures like dikes, road and bridges.
The mining land use category covers only 80 (existing) and 121 (proposed) hectares or 1.13 and 1.70 percent,
respectively, of the town area.
Parks and Recreation 12 hectares will be added to the existing 80 hectares making a total of 92 hectares
spread across the municipality devoted for balanced ecological living.
Cemeteries/Memorial Parks There are five cemeteries in the municipality, one is publicly owned, one is
owned by the parish church and the others are privately owned. The municipal cemetery in the Poblacion
needs to be rehabilitated after having been ravaged by lahar. The cemetery land use category, which is also
considered a special type of land use, will occupy 15 heactares or only about .21 percent of the total municipal
land area.
Quarry, Rivers and waterways. From 863 hectares, these will decrease to 639. This is due to recent
developments where old rivers have degenerated into creeks and canals with no outflows or have been totally
covered by lahar and no longer functional.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
URBAN LAND USE DIVERSITY – PROMOTING GROWTH NODES
Three urban land use plans have been proposed for the municipality and these are for areas that allow
diversity of urban uses. These areas include the following: (1) Cabambangan-Cabetican-Santa Ines-San Vicente
- Cabalantian area; (2) San Isidro-Magliman-Macabale area; and (3) Calibutbut-Maliwalu area.
POBLACION to CABALANTIAN AREA
This area actually includes the barangays of Cabambangan, San Vicente, Cabetican, Santa Ines and Cabalantian.
Residential, commercial, institutional, recreational and cemetery land uses have been designated for the area.
In the physical strategy,, Bgy. Cabalantian is actually a development infilling area. Residential lands can be
seen in the Poblacion conurbation and in Brgy. Cabambangan. They are bounded by the Manila North Road in
the north and the fishponds in the south. These areas are recommended for low and medium-density housing
and small to medium commercial purposes. They have a total area of 319 hectares or 20.31 percent of the
urbanizable area. By the end of the planning period, this will increase to 599 hectares or 38.14 percent of the
urbanizable area. The commercial area is seen mainly between the Jose Abad-Santos Avenue and the Manila
North Road, with 100-meter strips of commercial use recommended along the outer portions of the two
highways. Fifty meter strips are also proposed in other parts of the planning area, particularly along the
Cabalantian curved main road which is expected to attract the developmental impulses from the City of San
Fernando. The major commercial corridor is also expected to attract investments from the City of San
Fernando, Angeles City, surrounding towns and even as far as Metro Manila, considering that Pampanga
will be the locus of development initiatives in Region III. The commercial land use category covers and 66
hectares or 1.51 percent, of the planned urban section. The planned area is also the center of existing and
planned institutional structures in the municipality, particularly along the Manila North Road. Administrative,
educational, health, religious, cultural and related establishments are planned for the area. This land use
category takes up and 30 hectares or 1.91 percentnof the planned urban section. Recreational areas that
could take the form of basketball courts, multi-purpose centers or small plazas occupy approximately 12 (15
hectares or 0.95 percent of the planning area. Two cemeteries are seen in the Poblacion--one public and one
private. The municipal cemetery which has been covered by lahar needs to be improved and even the existing
part with multi-story niches needs major repairs. The cemetery land use category, which is also considered a
special type of land use, covers about 7 hectares or 0.44 percent of the planning section.
SAN ISIDRO-MAGLIMAN-MACABACLE AREA
This planning area lies mainly in Bgys. San Isidro, Magliman and Macabacle cluster. As indicated in the physical
strategy, this section is a major economic infilling area that is designed to attract and absorb developmental
impulses from the adjoining City of San Fernando, the Poblacion and the Calibutbut-Maliwalu urban node.
Residential areas are seen throughout the length of the planning section framed by the commercial area, light
industrial and the agricultural land uses. These are suitable for mixed residential uses such as medium- and
high-density housing and small-medium commercial activities. They can absorb the need of the City of San
Fernando for residential and commercial development sites. This land use category takes up 338 hectares or
42.56 percent of the urban planning section. Commercial strips are seen along the major roads that cut
through the area leading to Bgys. Maliwalu and Calibutbut, as well as along the road adjacent to the City of
San Fernando and Angeles City. These commercial corridors are designed to attract and absorb the
commercial investments that will trickle down from the cities – as they already do at present.
The commercial ribbon development takes up 12 hectares or 1.51 percent of the planning area. Also planned
are institutional sites of the barangay halls which cover about 4 hectares or 0.5percent of the planning section.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
GROWTH NODES / STRUCTURAL

DEVELOPMENT MAP
CALIBUTBUT-
MALIWALU
GROWTH
NODE
SAN ISIDRO-
MACABACLE-
MAGLIMAN
GROWTH NODE
CABAMBANGAN
-STA INES-SAN
VICENTE-
CABETICAN-
CABALANTIAN
GROWTH NODE
Aside from the small existing recreational area in Bgy. Macabacle, a large one which is still open grassland is
provided at the lower junction of the commercial strips and is designed for the common use of the adjacent
barangays. The recreational areas occupy about 5.3 hectares or 0.66 percent of the planning area. An
agricultural area measuring 396.8 hectares (49.9% of planning area) has been provided between Macabacle
and Magliman and at the northern tip of San Isidro in the areas of the planning section.
CALIBUTBUT – MALIWALU AREA
This planning section coincides with the area of Bgy. Calibutbut and its adjacent barangay, Maliwalu. A rapidly
developing area, Calibutbut is one of the richest barangays in the municipality – attributed obviously to its
proximity to Angeles City. The barangay, however, is planned to be connected further to the Clark Special
Economic zone logistic hub in the Central Luzon region. Maliwalu, sitting right next to Calibutbut is expected to
catch the development spillover from the former. While it is the biggest, in terms of land area, among
Bacolor’s 21 barangays, most of its land is inside the Megadike but a substantial portion outside the dike

LAND USE PLAN 2025
system can be easily transformed into residential, commercial and industrial use. Residential land uses are
proposed in most of the area and particularly recommended is medium density housing which has already
been started by Xevera Pampanga Residences.
Altogether, residential land areas comprise 227 hectares or 14.71 percent of the planning area. Fifty to one
hundred meter strips of commercial area on both sides of the road are seen in the northern and middle
sections of the barangay, with the northern one expected to attract and absorb business investments coming
from Angeles City. The middle one is actually the Xevera Commercial Complex which currently serves the
needs of industrial workers and residents nearby. The commercial land use category takes up 51.5 hectares or
3.33 percent of the planning area. The institutional areas are those occupied by the barangay hall, the police
station and the elementary school. They occupy only about 1.7 hectares or 0.11 percent of the barangay. The
industrial land use category has been enlarged in the present grassland areas to emphasize Calibutbut’s role as
the industrial node of the municipality. The existing industries in the area produce furnitures, construction
materials, ceramic tiles, and processed foods. Other industries should also be promoted that would cater to
the needs of Angeles City, the City of San Fernando and the Clark Special Economic Zone. This land use
category covers approximately 237 hectares or 15.35 percent of the planning area. Buffer strips 10 meters in
width are provided around the industrial area. There are two recreational areas – a large one abutting the
Xevera Commercial Complex and a small one in the socialized housing area. These total to 2.7 hectares or .17
percent of the planning area. By the end of the planned period, this is expected to increase to 7.5 hectares.
It may be mentioned that an oil-fired power plant is located in the existing industrial estate that provides
power for the barangay and adjacent areas. Furthermore, a strip of agricultural zone covering 897 hectares is
provided between the East Mega Dike and the residential area of the twobarangays.
INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES
PROJECTED DEVELOPMENT NEEDS
 With improved social, utilities, and transport infrastructure, the movement of population back to
Bacolor is expected. Thus, the need for housing development.
 Depopulation of environmentally critical areas like those along the Gugu Creek and Pasig-Potrero
River and resettlement of affected communities to employment centers like the Poblacion area.
 Increase commercial activities in Bacolor as recommended in the spatial framework plan.
 Urban renewal of existing central business district into a mixed residential/commercial use.
 Expansion of commercial district to Cabalantian, Sta. Ines, San Vicente and Cabetican.
 Industrial Development
 Concentration of industrial area at Calibutbut and Maliwalu.
 Transport infrastructure development
 Established a generally grid pattern of road network of secondary roads running east-west plus roads
traversing north-south.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Goal
• Efficient movement of people, services, goods, and information needed for the development of the
municipality
Objectives
• To improve and expand the existing road network and linkages

Policy Recommendations
• Provision of a transport system responsible to the needs and requirements of the populace
• Construction of farm-to-market/barangay roads
• Improve traffic management measure through local legislation, community education, information and road
signs and signals
Strategies and Programs
1. Hasten completion of ongoing major transport projects and secure funding for projects on the
detailed planning stage
Various transportation projects are on-going and on the planning stage that when completed will ease up the
existing mobility problems in the municipality. The completion of these projects should be prioritized and
closely monitored:
a. Intra-Municipality Barangay Road Improvement Project (Repair/Rehabilitation of Various

Roads and Bridges)
Several projects can be identified at the barangay level to help improve movements between barangays. These
projects involve the concreting and upgrading of roads in 21 barangays.
b. Gapan-San Fernando-Olongapo Road (JASA) Rehabilitation and Road Widening Project
The rehabilitation and road widening of the Bacolor-Lubao stretch of the GSO/JASA is required to sustain the
efficient movement of vehicles and to maintain existing level of services in the future. This project
implemented by the DPWH-Region 3, has been identified by NEDA-Region 3 in their Central Luzon Regional
Development Plan to provide a seamless and integrated physical access, and in the Pinatubo Hazard Urgent
Mtigation Project (PHUMP) to provide a vital access to Subic, Olongapo and Zambales.
2. Dike Road Improvement Project (DPWH)
The existing dikes surrounding Bacolor can be upgraded to become an all-weather road to serve as an
alternate link connecting the barangays. The road can provide a circumferential access to almost all the
municipalities of Bacolor. The road, when upgraded, will become a vital access to the rich agricultural lands of
Bacolor.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
3. Bacolor Traffic Management (DPWH)
The projected development of the transport network system in the municipality of Bacolor shall require, in the
future, an effective traffic signal system at intersections that may be constricted by congestion. This project
involves the preparation of a traffic management plan and the use of Travel Demand Management (TDM)
measures, such as installation of traffic signs, pavement markings, and pedestrian facilities.
Goal
Consistent with the proposed land use plan, the overall goal is to effectively restrain flood waters and lahar
flows to protect built-up areas, as well as agricultural, commercial and industrial zones in the municipality.
Objectives
• To prevent flooding in low-lying areas and outlaying barangays.

• To control siltation and riverbank erosion in major creeks.
• To provide flood control measures and riverbank stabilization.
• To provide adequate water drainage canal in barangay settlement areas.
Policy Recommendation
• Massive riverbank stabilization and dike protection shall be promoted by engineering intervention and
periodic planting of shrubs and trees particularly bamboos along areas susceptible to erosion.
• Major drainage canal along the main thoroughfares and waterway channels shall be constructed and
maintained to ensure continuous flow of storm/rain water. Secondary thoroughfares shall be provided with
adequate concrete line canals to avoid flooding on roads and streets.
Strategies and Programs
1. Repair and Rehabilitation of Gugu Dike
The repair and rehabilitation of Gugu Dike is urgently needed to protect residents in the southern portion of
Bacolor, particularly Cabalantian and Tinajero, against flooding and lahar. This project would include the
desilting of the Gugu creek or channel excavation of about 1.67 kms, dike improvement or embankment, and
slope protection works consisting of concreting, reinforcement, gabion, and related works.
The project would not only benefit the residents, but also would spare built-up areas, agricultural lands and
fishponds in the southern part of Bacolor against flooding and lahar.
2. Construction of Gugu Ring Dike (Southern Bacolor Ring Dike)
Extending the Gugu Dike all the way to Talba, Mesalipit and Tinajero would result to a “ring dike” which
encloses the southern barangays of Bacolor against flooding and lahar. Consultations have been on-going
regarding the social acceptability of the proposed Gugu Ring Dike. With recent events surrounding the
vulnerability of the existing Gugu Dike to contain floodwaters brought about by continuous rains, most officials
and concerned citizens have eventually agreed to prioritize the construction of the Gugu Ring Dike.
This project would include the construction of an additional dike system which is 7.8 kms long, passing through
Cabalantian, Talba, Mesalipit and Tinajeros. National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) said that
the required amount have been allocated for the Gugu ring dike project, and for the feasibility study.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
3. Completion of the Unfinished Portion of the Gugu Dike
Gugu Dike was implemented under PHUMP II but was not completed to the designed length as land owners at
the point where the project was already 85% complete refused to let the project pass through their properties.
Thus, construction was stopped. However, due to the increased discharge of Gugu Creek, the probability of
overflow through the unfinished portion of the dike therefore increased. Consultation with the affected parties
is needed to complete the unfinished portion of the Gugu Dike.
This flood control project involves the construction of approximately 1km of the unfinished portion of the
Gugu Dike to prevent the probability of overflow through the gap. The earthdike will be armored to prevent
breaching during periods of high discharge at Gugu Creek.
4. Repair and Improvement of Internal Drainage System
This flood control project would involve the excavation of existing silted creeks (27.2kms), and the
construction of drainage canals (15.2 kms) in Bacolor. This project will ensure the smooth flow of drainage
water and will complement the ringdike & flood water pump projects.
5. Channeling of Pasig-Potrero River to Divert Water Flow to the West Mega Dike System
Flood flow can be diverted towards the West Mega Dike channel by dredging and excavating the former Pasig-
Potrero River. This will hopefully activate the inactive river. In order for this project to push through, it has to
undergo the following phases:
1. Detailed Environmental Feasibility Study on Pilot Channeling of Pasig-Potrero River: This involves the
conduct of more detailed hydrologic, geologic and soil assessment atendant to the pilot channeling of
the Pasig-Potrero River. The results of the study shall determine the final components and designs of
the Pilot Channeling Project.
2. Channeling of Pasig-Potrero River: Contingent on the results of the FS, this project involves the
diversion of water flow towards the West Mega Dike channel by dredging and excavating the former
Pasig-Potrero River to activate the river, and reduce water discharge along the Gugu Creek.
3. West Mega Dike Improvement: Contingent on the results of the FS, this project will involve the
armoring of the west mega dike spillway including channel improvement works to complement the
pilot channeling at the Pasig-Potrero River project and the existing Baluyut River dike system.
7. Filling-up Lands to the Same Elevation as the Existing Dike
In the meantime that the diversion is not yet effected, the immediate countermeasure is to require land-
owners at the upstream end of Gugu Right Dike by the local government to fill-up to the same elevation as the
existing dike a strip extending to high grounds. After the diversion system becomes operational, the low areas
of Brgy. Cabalantian and vicinity inside the Tail Dike be raised by filling up to the same level as the existing high
grounds.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
WATER SUPPLY
Goal
• To provide the municipality with adequate and potable water supply.
Objectives
• To efficiently distribute potable water to various barangays within the municipality.
Policy Recommendations
• The LGU shall be responsible in providing potable water supply services to all barangays.
• The LGU shall institute mechanisms to integrate various water supply facilities in different barangays and
provide measures to maintain adequate and safe drinking water for its constituents.
POWER SUPPLY
Goal
• To extend and ensure implementation of rural electrification program.
Objectives
• To develop and provide adequate, reliable, efficient and reasonably priced energy sources for households
and industries.
• To provide and distribute an affordable and reliable electric service to all consumers in the Municipality.
• The rural electrification program shall be fully supported by the LGU.

• Barangays with required settlements and agro-industrial activities shall be accorded priority consideration in
the power expansion program.
• Allocation of power service based on settlement requirements and growth center strategy where barangays
identified as sites for agro-industrial activities shall be prioritized.
COMMUNICATION NETWORK
Goals
• Establishment of an efficient communication system for the Municipality.
Objectives
• To maintain high quality and efficient telecommunications facilities.

• To increase the number of households with landline telephones through project extension/provision by
private telephone company.
• To improve postal services to internationally-accepted standards and include unserved and underserved
areas in the postal network

LAND USE PLAN 2025
• Provide incentives for interested telecommunication companies.

• Allow open entry of private firms to promote greater competition and efficiency in the telecommunication
services.
ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT
The Environment and Natural Resources (ENR) Management sector addresses two major concerns in the
rehabilitation of Bacolor, namely:
1) environment and natural resources assessment and improvement; and

2) disaster risk reduction management through prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and
recovery/rehabilitation measures.
The sectoral development plan on ENR Management and Disaster Risk Reduction Management covers the
following components:
 Environment and Natural Resources profile of Bacolor Municipality that will serve as the basis for
ENR management and development planning.
 Geo-hydrological hazards and vulnerability assessment.
 Strategies, programs and projects to rehabilitate the ENR sector and restore or improve its
productivity.
 Measures for the rehabilitation of land and water resources to restore their productivity.
 Disaster Risk reduction management programs and recommended alternative strategies and
projects/activities to anticipate and prepare communities for flooding and lahar flow and mitigate
their destructive impacts
 Safeguard measures that need to be included in the conduct of Feasibility Studies for the proposed
new rehabilitation programs and projects in order to manage or mitigate the potential negative
environmental impacts of these projects.
The goal of the Environmental Management Sector is to improve the quality of the natural and built
environments and maintain the ecological services of Bacolor’s air, water, and land environments to support
sustainable development of the locality.
Proper management of the built and natural environment is also directed at mitigating the impacts of flooding
and lahar flow on the vulnerable communities of Bacolor.
Objectives
The objectives of the environmental and disaster risk reduction management sector are as follows:
1) Make productive use of lands that have been inundated by lahar and floods.
2) Mitigate the impacts of flooding through the adoption of proper combination of vegetative and
physical control measures.
3) Improve disaster prevention and preparedness among vulnerable communities.
4) Strengthen the capacity of MDRRM and BDRRMCs in disaster risk management including response
and rescue operations’ work during natural disasters.
5) Minimize health risks and improve environmental cleanliness through proper disposal of wastes.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
6) Identify initial environmental safeguard measures for the major proposed development projects to be
undertaken in Bacolor.
Realization of the goals and objectives of the Environment and Disaster Risk Reduction Management Sector
warrants the pursuance of the following strategies:
 Rehabilitate and restore agricultural lands that are no longer and/or less threatened by floods and
lahar flow by determining and planning for their most suitable uses.
 Manage the quarrying of lahar deposits through strict implementation of permit regulations and
environmental safeguard conditionalities.
 Stabilize river banks using vegetation and physical measures effective in mitigating the impacts of
floods.
 Identify flood prone sites that can be re-planted with flood mitigating trees or open spaces that can
be re-greened under the National Greening Program.
 Build the capability of MDRRM, BDRRMCs and volunteers on disaster prevention, early warning,
rescue operations and evacuation.
 Provide the necessary logistics to MDRRM and BDRRMCs for disaster response and relief operations
 Strengthen the institutional capability of the Municipality and Barangay LGUs in the monitoring and
implementation of environmental management and disaster risk management programs and projects.
 Establish early warning system and preventive measures to avoid and reduce the impacts of flooding
and lahar flow.
 Organize, Inform and educate vulnerable communities on protocols and procedures during
catastrophic events brought about by floods and lahar flow.
 Promote waste segregation, recycling and reuse of recyclable materials and improve solid wastes
collection and disposal system of LGU through the establishment of Material Recovery Facilities
(MRF).
 Monitor and improve water and air quality in built-up areas of the municipality.
 Review and screen proposed development projects in terms of their environmental impacts and
safety.
 Mobilize line agencies, the private sector, NGOs and local civic organizations in the rehabilitation and
restoration of inundated areas in Bacolor.
ASSESSMENT OF VISION-REALITY GAPS
A planning workshop with local stakeholders represented by municipal and barangay officials and
representatives was to assess the state of development in the various environment sub-sectors such as natural
and urban environments using success indicators to measure the gap between the present and desired or
target development conditions in the locality.
Two key descriptors were adopted in assessing the state of urban environmental quality, namely: 1)
cleanliness of the environment and 2) safety from flooding and lahar flow. Based on the assessment of the
stakeholders, their air and water quality are still good and within EMB standards, so they gave a high rating of
4, which means the present situation fully satisfies the target or desired environmental quality conditions.
They also gave a very high rating of 4 to their solid waste management in terms of the cleanliness of their
surroundings but rated zero (0) their access to sanitary landfill.
For safety against flooding and lahar flow, the stakeholders rated their condition as zero (0) because they feel
that many of their barangays are very much affected by perennial flooding and are highly vulnerable to lahar
flow when it comes.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
On the other hand, the stakeholders gave a high rating of 3 for fire hazards since their barangays are now less
prone to fires that usually start from dry grasses. The local communities regularly cut their grasses to prevent
brush fires that easily spread to surrounding areas.
Although they have already formulated their Contingency Plans, the stakeholders believe that the
implementation gap is still wide and gave it a rating of only 1. They see the need to establish and strengthen
their early warning system.
Three main strategies were identified by the stakeholders to avert flooding in the barangays. These are:
1) desilting of creeks,
2) declogging of local drainage, and
3) slope protection for creek banks.
They proposed that programs and projects be undertaken such as a) the rehabilitation of Gugu Creek, b)
reactivation of the Pasig-Potrero River, c) construction of additional local drainage, and d) procurement of
heavy equipment for desilting.
Rehabilitation of the spillways and the construction of additional dikes within the major river channels were
also proposed to address the occurrence of lahar flows in the barangays.
Finally, setting-up of early warning devices was identified as an initial strategy to fully satisfy all the measures
mentioned in the Municipal Contingency Plan. This entails the procurement of two-way radios, a service
vehicle and a motor boat.
The improvement of the municipality’s solid waste management would require the establishment of at least
three (3) MRFs, one each for the northern and southern parts of the municipality and one for Calibutbut. Aside
from this, the stakeholders are also proposing to procure a garbage truck that would collect their municipal
garbage.
PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
Agriculture and Fisheries Resources Development Program
A. Agricultural Lands Development Project
Rehabilitation of agricultural lands to make them again productive would require undertaking of the following
projects and activities:
1) Survey and mapping of agricultural lands that can be rehabilitated as the threat or probability of flooding
and lahar flow becomes less; preservation of prime agricultural lands inside the Mega Dike, Cabalantian, San
Isidro, Macabacle, Cabetican, San Vicente and Magliman
2) Assessment of the soil fertility and climate suitability of restored agricultural lands to various crops and fruit
trees.
3) Soil amelioration and soil fertility improvement of agricultural lands that are safe or less threatened by
flooding and lahar flows.
4) Assessment of safe cropping calendar for various types of crops in different locations for dissemination to
farmers.
5) Development of suitable grasslands inside the megadike into pasture land for grazing of cattle and goats.
6) Conduct of feasibility study for the provision of small-scale or communal irrigation facilities to areas safe
from lahar flow and flooding.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
B. Rivers, Wetlands and Freshwater Fishery Development Project
Projects and activities identified to draw economic benefits from the use of wetlands, rivers and creeks are as
follows:
1) construction of fishponds in areas declared safe or protected from flooding and concentrated sediment
flow;
2) planting of bamboos and flood tolerant trees along river banks and creeks to protect and stabilize them
while at the same time providing raw materials for the handicraft industries, of which Bacolor is famous; and
3) seeding of perennial rivers and creeks with fish, shrimps and other aquatic organisms to serve as source of
food for the local communities; and
4) desilting of rivers to improve depth and stream flow and selling of lahar sand to generate income for the
municipality and barangays.
URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
A. Land Quality and Management Project
Proposed project components and activities for areas that are safe from the onslaught of disastrous flooding
and lahar flow events are as follows:
1) development of housing subdivisions and commercial establishments in barangays protected and safe from
flooding and lahar flows such as Barangays Calibutbut, Concepcion, San Isidro, Magliman and Macabacle; and
2) resettlement of informal settlers occupying flood prone areas to safer grounds.
B. Water Quality Management Project
The proposed projects and activities for the subsector on water quality management are as follows:
1) establishment of water quality monitoring or sampling stations along the Gugu and Pasig-Potrero creeks to
regularly check on their water quality or presence of pollutants;
2) regulate point sources of pollutants; and
3) conduct periodically of water quality analysis of Gugu and Pasig-Potrero rivers to determine their suitability
for irrigation and household use such as washing and bathing.
C. Air Quality Management Project
There is presently no monitoring of air quality in the poblacion inasmuch as vehicular traffic is low and there
are very few industries in the area. However, air quality monitoring stations should be established in rapidly
urbanizing areas such as in Calibutbut where housing subdivisions continue to be built and manufacturing
industries may further expand in the near future.
The LGU should procure portable air emission testing equipment so that its traffic enforcers could strictly
enforce the anti-smoke belching law in the poblacion and densely populated housing subdivision areas.
Odor pollution monitoring and control is a devolved function to LGUs. Areas where livestock and poultry farms
are located should be monitored for odor pollution and cleanliness.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
D. Solid Waste Management Project
Although the municipality has a Ten-Year Solid Waste Management Plan, many of the requirements under RA
9003 have not yet been complied with by Bacolor although it continuously conduct advocacy and
training/orientations on proper solid waste management..
For the planning period, the municipality will undertake the following projects and activities to improve its
collection and disposal of solid wastes:
1) Installations of MRFs in clustered barangays and upgrade municipal MRF in Maliwalu;

2) Updating of MOA with Metro Clark sanitary landfill for the disposal of the municipality’s solid wastes;
3) Conduct of IEC campaign covering all barangays;
4) Organization/activation of Barangay SWM Committees and formulation of Barangay SWM Plan for all
barangays;
5) Issuance of ordinance on the segregation and recycling of wastes at the household level;
6) Implementation of recycling and composting projects and activities;
7) Training of Barangay SWM Committees and Teachers on SWM and recycling;
8) Purchase of garbage truck and backhoe;
9) Regular collection of wastes by barangay LGUs using trikes and pushcarts especially in areas not accessible
to garbage trucks because of narrow streets;
10) Establishment of barangay transfer stations for pick up by garbage trucks;
11) Purchase of shredder and other machines for composting;
12) Clean-up drive on creeks and rivers; and
13) Monitoring of waste disposal and enforcement of RA 9003 rules and regulations including the imposition
of punitive measures.
The municipality of Bacolor has prepared a Contingency Plan covering the period 2009. The Plan describes the
present situation and future scenarios regarding disaster preparedness, mitigation and programs and projects
on disaster management, particularly the mitigation and control of flooding and lahar concentrated flow.
This section aims to provide the disaster risk reduction management (DRRM) framework that will guide the
review and enhancement of existing disaster risk management plan and programs for the municipality of
Bacolor. The framework will focus on disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness, response and
rehabilitation. A review and enhancement of the existing DRRM plan, programs and projects is undertaken
using the DRRM framework to identify and address their gaps and weaknesses.
Under the DRRM program, two major projects are proposed to be undertaken, namely:
1) Disaster preparedness, prevention and mitigation; and

2) Lahar flow and flooding mitigation infrastructure projects
Disaster Risk Reduction Management Framework
To guide the formulation of projects and activities for the management of disaster risk from flooding and lahar
flow that cause devastating effects on Bacolorcommunities, properties and livelihood, a disaster risk
management framework is adopted. The local DRRM framework is briefly presented below. It has five main
components: preparedness, prevention/mitigation, response and recovery/rehabilitation;

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Preparedness Phase
1) Planning for disaster risk management (Preparation and implementation of disaster management plan and
contingency plan should be undertaken by the MDRRM and BDRRMs; DRRM plans and programs should be
mainstreamed into CLUPs and CDPs).
2) Community organizing (Communities serving as planning and response teams during pre-disaster and
disaster phases should be organized).
3) Training on disaster risk management (MDRRM and BDRRMs and DRRM volunteer teams should be trained
on planning, program implementation, monitoring, early warning and alert systems).
4) Conducting drills and exercises (Simulation drills and exercises for safe evacuation due to fire, flooding, and
lahar flow should be conducted periodically).
5) Stockpiling of food and other emergency needs (Food, medicines and other paraphernalia and equipment
should be stockpiled for use during emergency situations).
6) Providing evacuation conveyance and protective shelters (Transportation facilities during evacuation should
be made available and evacuation centers with adequate facilities should be provided).
7) Conducting hazard assessment and mapping (Hazard assessment and mapping of disaster-prone areas and
proper dissemination of textual and spatial information for planning and action programming should be
conducted).
8) Conducting public information and awareness (Public information and awareness
on DRRM should be conducted and participation of local communities in DRRM programs and activities should
be advocated).
9) Undertaking communications and early warning activities (Monitoring, early warning and alert systems
involving reliable and effective means of communications should be undertaken).
Prevention Phase
1) Proper siting of human settlements (New urban towns and new settlement areas should be located away
from flood and lahar prone areas).
2) Proper zoning of flood and lahar prone areas (Areas frequently devastated by floods and concentrated
sediment flow should be zoned as danger zones and their land uses should be strictly regulated; residents
occupying highly vulnerable areas should be relocated and resettled).
3) Strict monitoring and prohibiting the occupation by informal settlers and returnees of hazard zones (Areas
highly vulnerable to flooding and lahar flows should be closely guarded to prevent informal settlers and
returnees from occupying these areas).
4) Improving natural drainage systems (rivers and creeks) and stabilizing river banks. (Natural drainage systems
should be protected and conserved to avoid degraded environments from aggravating disasters).
5) Improving the socio-economic status of vulnerable communities (Poverty reduction programs should be
established and greater opportunities for employment should be provided; low cost and affordable housing
projects for resettled or relocated communities should be made available).
Mitigation Phase
1) Providing access to insurance or various forms of risk transfer mechanism (Awareness and access of
disaster-prone communities to insurance systems should be provided, particularly crops and livestock
insurance provided by the expanded insurance system of the Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation).
2) Establishing safety regulations (Regulations (e.g., SOPs and protocols) to safeguard populations from
flooding and lahar flow hazards should be established and enforced).
3) Properly enforcing building codes and fire codes (Existing building regulations and requirements should be
properly enforced).

LAND USE PLAN 2025
4) Issuing local ordinances on safety of communities (Local ordinances establishing measures for communities
to stay away from disaster risk areas and adopt prescribed safety measures should be issued and strictly
enforced).
5) Providing structural measures (Physical structures/infrastructures like dikes, diversion channels, drainage
system, dams, levees, and flood control should be constructed and properly maintained).
Action-Response Phase
1) Assessing damages and analyzing needs of affected communities;

2) Providing relief goods (food, water, medicines and other material needs of affected families);
3) Undertaking search and rescue operations;
4) Establishing and operating incident command system; and
5) Providing health services and temporary shelter.
Rehabilitation/Recovery Phase
1) Reconstructing damaged infrastructures, public utilities, education and medical facilities, houses and other
physical structures;
2) Providing livelihood for the displaced communities; and
3) Extending psychological healing and confidence building among traumatized persons.
Comprehensive Disaster Risk Reduction Management Project
The following specific projects were identified in the Bacolor’s Contingency Plan and Mitigation Program to
address the gaps in managing disaster risks posed by flooding and lahar flows in the different barangays of the
municipality:
1) Conduct of Disaster Training and Public Awareness. This project involves drills and exercises, awareness and
training on disaster preparedness, evacuation protocols, disaster response and relief, and post-disaster
rehabilitation.
2) Improvement/Expansion of Municipal Evacuation Center with complete multi-purpose facilities
(telecommunications, electric generators, water, sanitary and kitchen facilities) and procurement of
communication and rescue equipment.
3) Establishment and operationalization of Early Warning System. This project involves the strengthening of
coordination with PDRRM; setting of monitoring stations in flood and lahar prone areas (rain gauges,
water level gauges); identification of look out posts for lahar; establishment of communication and
broadcast system and procedures including coordination with disaster response government agencies to
include DSWD, DPWH, PNRC, DND, PNP, DILG-BFP; procurement of hand held two-way radios,
megaphones, flashlights, and emergency lights.
4) Provision of evacuation and rescue facilities; preparation of evacuation plan and procedures; purchase of
trucks, vehicles and rubber boats; construction of emergency shelters and elevated evacuation centers;
and provision of emergency health kits).
5) Stockpiling of food packs and their proper allocation and distribution.
6) Establishment of buffer zones in every barangay. This involves the planting of bamboo and fast
growingtrees around the dikes and creeks to serve as buffer and protection of the structures.
Community-based Disaster Preparedness Projects
Preparedness for the event of heavy flooding and destructive lahar flows require the establishment of
monitoring system and installation of equipment in selected river and creek monitoring stations. Bacolor
currently lacks this real time field monitoring and early warning systems. Mapping of highly vulnerable areas

LAND USE PLAN 2025
needs to be undertaken in view of the periodic changes in the landscape and river courses in Bacolor. The
information generated should be disseminated to the MDRRM and BDRRMs for contingency action planning
and establishing the necessary mitigation measures.
The following projects and activities to strengthen community preparedness should be undertaken by the
MDRRM and BDRRMs in partnership with NGOs, responsible line agencies and volunteer groups:
1) Mobilization and training of barangay volunteers in the monitoring and reporting of impending floods and
lahar flow based on climatological indicators established by disaster warning agencies such as PAGASA,
Phivolcs and MGB.
2) Installation of rain gauges in barangay centers to measure the volume of rain and staff gages to measure
water level in selected monitoring stations in rivers and creeks.
3) Development and activation of alert systems by the BDRRMs and designation of pick-up points for
evacuation when critical levels are observed in monitoring stations.
4) Establishment of communication or broadcast system and procurement of facilities and equipment needed
for emergency actions to prepare residents for evacuation.
5) Mobilization of transportation and preparation of evacuation centers.
6) Provision of food, water and medicines in evacuation centers.
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES
The medium-term goals and objectives of the municipality for the social sector as defined by the municipality
are stated as follows:
Table 5.7 Social Sector Issues and Concerns in Bacolor (MTDP 2000-2030)
Sector Goals and Objectives
1. To provide access to free high quality education in

all levels including non-formal education
2. To improve or maintain high performance in some
Education
indicators such as survival rate, completion rate,
classroom-student ratio and teacher-student
ratio
1. To provide adequate health services including

medicines and other medical supplies/equipment
to ensure proper health and treatment of the
local constituents
Health 2. To provide effective and efficient service and
program delivery among the local residents
including those in various resettlement areas
3. To minimize and/or eradicate malnutrition in
depressed barangays
Protective Services 1. To eradicate crimes and other forms of civil unrest

and disorder in the entire municipality
2. To maintain peace and order in the entire

LAND USE PLAN 2025
municipality
3. To provide effective delivery of police protection
services among local constituents
4. To ensure, safeguard an protect lives and
properties within the community
5. To eradicate the occurrence of any form of crime
SOCIAL SECTOR PLAN
LGU’s Current Strategies, Ongoing Programs, Projects and Activities
The medium-term strategies of the LGU in achieving its goals and objectives, as well as the ongoing/proposed
programs, projects and activities defined by the municipality for the social sector are listed below:
Table 5.8 Social Sector Strategies, Programs, Projects and Activities (MTDP 2008-2013)
Sector Strategies
1. Construction of adequate classrooms and school

buildings to accommodate the increasing number
of enrollees
2. Access to financial assistance/ grants for the
purchase of books and other school supplies and
Education
materials
3. Construction of other school facilities/structures
4. Continuing education for school teachers
5. Continued support to poor but deserving students
through the provision of scholarship assistance
1. Provision of additional funds for the purchase of

adequate supply of medicines and other necessary
medical and health equipment
2. Conduct of continuous outreach programs and
services including monitoring and evaluation to
ensure proper health and nutrition in depressed
Health barangays
3. Continued provision of supplemental feeding among
indigents/malnourished children
4. Support to livelihood programs
5. Regular conduct of advocacy/ campaign on health
and nutrition education
6. Continuing capability building program

LAND USE PLAN 2025
1. Provision of appropriate livelihood training

programs
2. Job creation/employment generation
Social welfare 3. Provision of seed capital to deserving individuals
4. Timely and effective implementation of appropriate
social development programs and services
1. Regular surveillance and monitoring of

influenced areas
2. Massive campaign against unlawful and illegal acts
and activities
3. Community assistance and development
Protective Services 4. Internal security operations
5. Immediate and quick response to any kind of crime
and/or disaster
6. Continuing training and other policerelated
capability building programs
Demand Projection for Social Services , Beyond 2025
Apart from the current service gaps in social services provision that define the current vision-reality gap, the
following are the projected demand for social services across the different social sub-sectors until the end of
the planning period, given the demographic assumptions and projections presented in earlier.
Using Sprague multiplier, the school-age population for the three scenarios (i.e., normal growth, optimistic,
and best-case) were derived and presented below for years 2020, 2025 and 2030. By 2020, there will be
12,191 school-going population under the normal growth scenario, 20,389 under the optimistic scenario, and
30,735 under the best-case scenario. By 2025, the number of students will be 16,771 (scenario 1), 26,180
(scenario 2) and 38,052 (scenario 3). By the end of the planning period, there will be 23,045 in the first
scenario, 33,625 in the second scenario, and as much as 46,490 students in the best-case scenario.
Table 5.9 Projected School-Age Population by 2020
Year 2020 Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3

Pre-School 1515 2534 3820
Ementary 5902 8516 12838
Secondary 2553 4270 6437
Tertiary 3020 5068 7640
Total 12191 20389 30735

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Pre-School 2805 3524 4730
Ementary 7005 10935 15894
Secondary 3513 5483 7970
Tertiary 4169 6508 9459
Total 16777 26180 38052

Pre-School 2628 4180 5835
Ementary 9638 14045 19606
Secondary 4833 7042 9831
Tertiary 5736 8358 11668
Total 23074 33625 46940
Using the Dep-Ed 2010 target standards for classroom-student ratio and teacherstudent ratio (1:30 for pre-
school, 1:35 for elementary, 1:40 for secondary, and 1:50 for tertiary), the following tables present the
classroom and teacher requirements of the municipality in 2020, 2025 and 2030, respectively. Under scenario
1, there should be at least 320 to 606 classrooms and teachers from 2020 to 2030. The range goes higher from
536 to 884 under scenario 2, and finally, from 808 to 1,234 for scenario 3.
Table 5.12 Projected Classroom and Teacher Requirement by 2020

Pre-School 51 84 127
Ementary 145 243 367
Secondary 64 107 161
Tertiary 61 101 153
Total 320 536 808

Tertiary 83 130 189
Total 441 687 1000

Tertiary 115 167 233
Total 607 883 1233
Assuming the use of a standard two-storey building model which can accommodate 12 classrooms, below are
the projected school building requirements across the planning period for the three scenarios.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Table 5.15 Projected School Building Requirement by 2020
Pre-School 7 7 11
Ementary 8 14 21
Secondary 4 7 11
Tertiary 5 8 13
Total 24 36 56

Pre-School 6 9 13
Ementary 12 18 26
Secondary 6 9 13
Tertiary 7 11 16
Total 31 47 68

Pre-School 8 12 16
Ementary 16 23 33
Secondary 8 12 16
Tertiary 10 14 19
Total 42 61 84
Health
The demand for health services was likewise forecasted until 2030, using the Department of Health standards
for doctor, nurses, sanitary inspector ratios (all 1:20,000) and as well as standard midwife ratio (1:5,000).
Under the basic scenario there should be at least 2 doctors, 2 nurses, 2 sanitary inspectors, and 6 midwives by
2020. This goes up to 6 doctors, 6 nurses, 6 nurses and 24 midwives by 2030 under the best-case scenario.
Table 5.18 Projected Doctor, Nurse, Sanitary Inspector Requirement, 2020, 2025, 2030
Year Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3
2020 2 3 4
2025 2 3 5
2030 3 4 6
Table 5.19 Projected Midwife Requirement, 2020, 2025, 2030

2020 6 10 15
2025 8 13 19
2030 12 17 24
Housing
The demand for housing was computed under the three scenarios by dividing the projected population by the
average household size (5.0) and then subtracting the number of housing units as of the last municipal census.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
The latest count of houses did not specify the condition or state of repair of the units so there is a potential
upswing in the housing demand figures. As can be seen in Table 5.20, as much as 5,086 units are required by
2030 under scenario 1, some 10,377 units under scenario 2, which goes up to 17,053 under scenario 3.
Table 5.20 Projected housing requirement, 2020, 2025, 2030

2020 (371) 3340 8928
2025 1926 6644 12596
2030 5086 10377 17053
Social Welfare
Within the planning period, there should be full compliance to RA 6972 which requires a day care center for
each barangay and continuing compliance with RA 7876 which requires a senior citizen care center for every
municipality.
Development Strategies, Goals and Objectives
In the context of this rehabilitation masterplan, the proposed development strategy for the social sector
focuses on the goal of the full restoration and/or rehabilitation of the social sector infrastructure and services
to bring them at least back to the level of the pre-Pinatubo eruption, while at the same time getting ready to
meet the needs of the projected population, given the probable scenario that the prePinatubo population will
be exceeded by the end of the plan period due to the influx of returning residents.
The underlying objective of the social sector plan is to repopulate the town and woo back a portion, if not all,
of the resettled population, as well as new migrants, by providing all the services and infrastructure that is
deemed basic or necessary by the community, for example, schools, health centers and hospitals, housing, and
social welfare services. Thus, the objective for each sub-sector will be to either build up from the ground or, in
the cases where there had been partial rehabilitation, fill up existing gaps in the quantity and quality of
infrastructure and services within the municipality itself. This strategy already discounts the social
infrastructure and services found in the resettlement sites, instead it anticipates the demands of the resettled
residents who are expected to come back to the municipality (in addition to other potential migrants from
nearby areas as well). Needless to say, it also assumes that each barangay, or even a portion of it, is made safe
and habitable by the engineering interventions that are likewise presented in this masterplan.
The general strategy for the social sector is to use the social infrastructure and services as magnets to
repopulate the planning area. The premise is “build and they shall come” instead of the less proactive stance
of “build as they come” or “build if they come”. Therefore, some of the proposed programs, projects and
activities will be of a scale that goes beyond the needs of the current resident populace and, in some cases,
may even overshoot demand requirements based on prescribed standards. This is because this strategy builds
and plans for potential excess capacity and not the measly population that the town has today.
For a better grasp, understanding and recall among the target population, the strategy will be billed under a
theme similar but not exactly the same as the very successful social sector strategy of Makati City, “Ganito
kami sa Makati!”, which provides a full range of public social infrastructure and services to its residents, from
birth to grave, on a highlysubsidized basis. The theme must also denotes a sense of pride of place, something
which the Bacolor residents had never lost, wherever they went, despite all the adversities that they faced in
the past years. This deep-rooted sense of Bacolor identity and pride will therefore be an appropriate hook to
lure them back to their hometown and restore it to its former stature in the region and in the province.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Development Programs, Projects and Activities
As much as possible, the ongoing PPAs from the medium term plan were retained and adopted to ensure
consistency and continuation. Since most of the proposed programs and projects involve literally rebuilding
the foundations of the social infrastructure, much of them are physical in nature, with the spatial development
starting from in the core/urban barangays emanating outwards to the rural barangays. The capability-building
mechanisms are expected to be retained, refined and implemented by the LGU in the medium-term planning
mechanism within the plan framework.
While the plan period is relatively short at ten years, most of the core facilities like schools, day-care centers
and health centers are proposed to be completed within five to seven years.
Education
The availability and accessibility of educational institutions play a crucial role in the location consideration for
choosing a family’s residence. The goal of repopulating Bacolor may be achieved by bringing back families and
their children to the town, and the schools along with them. This will be achieved by restoring or rehabilitating
all primary and secondary schools in the municipality. This school-building program addresses the concerns,
including the lack or inadequacy of classrooms, facilities, textbooks, laboratory equipment, library facilities and
other services.
Another potential magnet to the municipality, which seeks to re-establish itself as an education and
cultural/arts center within the region, is the relocation of three of its high schools, namely, the San Vicente
Pilot School for Philippine Craftsmen (SVPSPC), the Potrero National High School and Tinajero, on their original
sites or where they can be safely relocated in Bacolor. Likewise, the newly established Bacolor National High
School in Cabalantian needs to be improved. Bacolor can present itself as an alternative site for quality
education, serving northern and central Luzon, given its good location, rich history, cultural heritage, and
unique physical attributes and landscape
Health
Similar to education, the availability of free or affordable health services remains an important concern for
families, and had been identified by the population as a pull factor for moving back to (or staying in) the
municipality. Health was ranked by the community as the third most important consideration in rehabilitating
Bacolor, next to flood control and education. The strategy for this sub-sector calls for the rebuilding of the old
district hospital in its original location and the construction or renovation of the barangay health centers and
rural health units.This will allow for primary and secondary health care to be readily available to the
community and directly addresses the absence of such facilities in fifteen of the 21 barangays.
Housing
Since the municipality is short by 42% in terms of housing units compared to prePinatubo figures, and since
single-detached housing was ranked first among the types of development preferred by the respondents in
reshaping the community, the proposed program for this sub-sector is direct housing provision (for lot owners)
by way of a community-based, subsidized housing scheme where beneficiaries receive the subsidies (housing
materials, not cash) as communities (whether purok or barangay) and not as individual households. Patterned
after the Gawad-Kalinga model, after the eligible, underprivileged beneficiaries have been identified per purok
or barangay by the municipality (socialized housing beneficiaries under RA 7279), the housing materials are
released on a staggered basis, using the rate of completion by the community of the targeted number of
houses to be built within a specified period.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
This method discourages the dole-out mentality by requiring a sweat equity component not just from the
house recipient but the whole community as well, saving on total labor cost, building on the bayanihan spirit,
and creating social pressure not to sell materials or abandon construction, because the other beneficiaries
within the community will be adversely affected. Around 20% of the total population (which is consistent with
the poverty incidence and the perception survey results re: lack of financial capability for house construction)
are targeted under this program, translating to a total of 3,410 housing units for the plan period.
Social Welfare
If the education and housing programs seek to attract families to build their roots in Bacolor, the social welfare
programs target those who have long established their affinity to the place and always long to return to it - the
elderly population. Enticing them to return together with their families may be encouraged through a hybrid of
social services program, thus an incentive program for resident senior citizens and resident pupils in terms of
health, education and other social services/benefits is to be encouraged.
To encourage long-term and permanent residence, only those that can prove at least two year’s residency for
senior citizens (as certified by barangay heads) and at least two year’s continuous enrollment for elementary
pupils (as certified by school principal) shall be given eligibility to this subsidy program. Among the benefits to
be provided to senior citizens include subsidized hospitalization at Ricardo P. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital,
annual medical allowance (medicine reimbursement), birthday cash reward, and annual
entertainment/recreation subsidy (also through reimbursement).
For enrolled resident pupils, the benefits include subsidized hospitalization at Ricardo P. Rodriguez Memorial
Hospital, nutrition program and food assistance to second and third-degree malnourished, free school supplies
to all students of public pre-school and elementary schools, and cash incentives to honor graduates of public
elementary schools.
Sports and Recreation
In order to promote unity in the community as well as a healthy interaction among its residents, the
construction of town plaza and activity centers per barangay is being proposed. These centers will serve as
venues for public events, civic activities, fiestas and sports competitions.
The location of the proposed infrastructures will be determined by the concerned municipal and barangay
LGUs based on this proposed land use plan. The LGUs may advance or delay the implementation of these
social projects relative to the completion of infrastructures that will optimize the land use of the municipality
for residential, commercial and other non-agricultural purposes.
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES
Key Objectives
The proposed development goal of the economic sector is to transform Bacolor into a major agro-commercial,
tourism and learning center in the Region. The rehabilitation program will thus focus on the following key
objectives: (1) Competitive growth center of the third district- Pampanga; (2) Productive and sustainable
agriculture sector; (3) Dynamic learning and tourist center.
Competitive Growth Center
Its strategic location is Bacolor’s main advantage in its transformation as one of the Province’s growth centers.
Bacolor can serve as the growth corridor providing settlement areas, support services and skilled manpower

LAND USE PLAN 2025
for the industrial and logistic developments in the region. The proposed construction of physical infra-
structures and improvement in intramunicipal mobility can draw investments and people into the municipality.
Bacolor should encourage critical commercial establishments to locate in the municipality, in particular: (a)
banks and other financing companies including microfinance institutions; (b) telecommunications companies;
(c) real estate companies for housing and commercial building developments; (d) private schools and day care
centers; (e) hotels and leisure parks; (f) light to medium manufacturing industries specifically (food and
handicrafts); and (g) restaurants, canteens, dormitories and other support services for education activities.
Local government and business sector linkage has to be strengthened, with the former providing the needed
economic infrastructure through locally generated funds. Bacolor Public market is already in place. Other
economic infrastructure (e.g. waste management, slaughter houses, among others) can be constructed as the
rehabilitation program steps forward.
Productive and Sustainable Agro-Processing Sector
Bacolor has a comparative advantage in agriculture. While the agriculture area in neighboring towns has
drastically dwindled, Bacolor has vast land area that is suitable to agricultural production. Indiscriminate
conversion of agriculture lands should be discouraged and rehabilitation efforts should focus on improving
productivity, increasing income and strengthening market linkages. Organic farming is a potential enterprise
that will significantly reduce cost of farm inputs.
Agro-processing industries should be developed and supported. This will give greater value to agriculture
produce and boost income of farmers. These industries can be enhanced through appropriate technical
training, public investments and market support. The local government should encourage production of fruit
bearing trees and develop the market for processed fruits. The planting of bamboos on stream banks as a
disaster risk reduction measure can be turned into a money generating industry where bamboos can be
utilized as raw materials for a bamboo handicraft manufacturing.
Dynamic Learning and Tourist Center
The proposed enhancement of educational facilities for basic education and higher learning will draw
additional commercial investments in Bacolor. Education services will generate auxiliary and other tertiary
services into the municipality. Tourism activities will further boost commercial activities. While other towns
and cities in the Province (e.g. Angeles City and Guagua) have their own share of tourist landmarks, Bacolor
can focus on geo-tourism.
POTENTIAL ECONOMIC GROWTH CENTERS
To support the above objectives and development directions, Bacolor’s barangays can be clustered spatially
into economic growth centers as follows: (a) Poblacion area or the Central Business District; (b) agriculture
production district; (c) growth expansion center; and (d) growth corridor. Below is a description of the growth
centers and their competitive advantages.
Table 5.21 Description of the Potential Economic Growth Centers
Growth Center Population (as of

Core Barangay/s Land Area (hectares)
2015)
Cabambangan, Sta Ines,

Poblacion or CBD Cabetican, San Vicente, 1,669.16 12,322
Cabalantian

LAND USE PLAN 2025
Growth Expansion Center Calibutbut 387.16 12,048
San Isidro, Magliman,
Growth Corridor 794.48 8,999
Macabacle
Magliman, portions of
Dolores, Concepcion,
Agricultural Center Balas, Sta Barbara, 3,708.94 7,476
Maliwalu, Parulog, San
Antonio, Potrero
The specific competitive advantages of each growth area are as follows:
Central Business District/Poblacion
• Basic Education & Higher Learning (Primary, secondary, & tertiary schools)
• Settlements Area (Self built houses, apartments, planned communities)
• Commercial Hub (Public market, retail trading)
• Institutional Center (City and provincial government center, public hospital)
• Heritage and tourism destination
Growth Expansion Center
• Commercial and manufacturing center

• Residential Center (planned communities/housing subdivisions)
• Recreation center
Growth Corridor
• Agri-commercial mixed use

• Logistic hubs/Warehousing facilities
• Satellite urban center to support urbanization in Poblacion and Calibutbut
Agriculture District
• Crop/fishery/livestock production center

• Agro-Industrial and processing center
• Organic Farming
• Quarrying
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS, PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES
Specific programs, projects and activities have been identified to achieve the above objectives. As mentioned
in the sector’s issues and concerns, the success of the economic sector programs hinges on the development
of the physical environment and the provision of basic facilities conducive for investments. The economic
development sector will primarily focus on programs that will “steer” the economy towards the identified
objectives.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
INSTITUTIONAL GOALS, OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES
Goals
• Enhance the efficiency and productivity of the LGU bureaucracy in responding to the development needs and
problems of the municipality; and
• Ensure that governance capabilities and logistical requirements are available for effective governance.
Objectives
• Assess the present organizational structure and the tasks and functions of the various offices of the
municipal government;
• Evaluate the technical capability of the LGU’s manpower;
• Identify capability building needs of the city bureaucracy especially in respect to planning and expenditure
management;
• Determine necessary linkages of the LGU with local and international institutions to enhance more effective
governance;
• Recommend appropriate organizational arrangements for the implementation of identified programs,

projects and activities.
Strategies
As a matter of strategy, it is important to put in place a system of linking the master rehabilitation plan to the
investment programming and budgeting process. Figure 4.9 shows the processes, activities and principal
actors involved in an ideal planning-investment-programming linkage. In summary, the linkages of the major
processes are as follows:
• Following a process of analysis of the existing situation, goals and objectives setting, identification of
challenges and strategy formulation, the rehabilitation master plan should be the main source of strategic
programs, projects and activities (PPAs);
• The PPA’s from the rehabilitation master plan shall be the main inputs of the local development investment
programming process (LDIP) which shall be a prioritized list of PPAs, by year of implementation, and with cost
estimates. From the LDIP, the AIP which is simply the current year slice of the LDIP, shall be derived.
• In turn, the LDIP/AIP shall be the main input of the budgeting and expenditure management process in the
preparation of the budget and expenditure plan as well as in determining the annual budgetary allocations for
PPAs. Given such budgetary allocations, expenditure management subsequently entails the formulation of a
cash disbursement control system, based on revenue forecasts and analysis of cash flow.
• Project evaluation and development shall subsequently entail the development of criteria for the selection of
PPAs that shall undergo further evaluation and development for the purpose of determining, among others,
their costs and benefits, their internal rates of return, feasibility and their prospective contributions to the
welfare of society.

LAND USE PLAN 2025
PUBLIC FINANCE
Goals
• Promote the overall financial soundness and capacity of the LGU; and
• Increase the fiscal autonomy of the city in implementing strategic plans, programs and projects.
Objectives
• Assess the historical profile of the municipality’s revenues and expenditures as a means of projecting the
future incomes of the LGU;
• Assess the LGU’s level of performance especially in respect to mobilizing own-source revenues;
• Reduce the municipality’s reliance on national government allocations or the IRA;
• Achieve a 100 percent tax collection efficiency rate by 2018; and
• Identify financing options for various programs, projects and activities in the Local Development Investment
Program (LDIP).
Strategies
• Explore the feasibility of tapping “non-traditional” sources of revenues (e.g., borrowing, bond flotation, etc.)
in financing strategic programs and projects in order to promote the fiscal independence of the LGU;
• Continue to tap and lobby for external sources funds in implementing major rehabilitation programs and
projects; and
• Utilize the full taxing powers of the LGU through the implementation of the municipality’s new internal
revenue code.

LAND USE PLAN 2025

Bacolor CLUP 2016 2025 FINAL EDITION 1

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Bacolor CLUP 2016 2025 FINAL EDITION 1

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COMPREHENSIVE 2016 -

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN &

Background of the Plan

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 2

Rivers and Wetlands

LAND ISSUES AND CONCERNS 88

CLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITY AND

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 4

Agriculture and Fisheries Resources Development Program

ZONING ORDINANCE of BACOLOR 170

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 5

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 6

transparent, efficient, consultative, full of wisdom and strong-willed leadership

In looking for a guide that will accelerate there-development of Bacolor, three

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 7

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 8

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN

Overview and Rationale

Geographic Coordinate System:

Rehabilitation Master Plan, a planning document to guide the

rehabilitation efforts of Bacolor, undertaken by UP PLANADES Inc.,

Legend San Vicente

LEGAL MANDATES AND ENABLING POLICIES

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 9

RELATIONSHIP WITH NATIONAL and PROVINCIAL PLANS AND PROGRAMS

The National Framework for Physical Planning 2001-2030

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 10

• Rational Urban development

The vision statement of Central Luzon reads as;

And contained in the Central Luzon Regional Physical

Likewise considered is the Provincial Development

“We envision Pampanga as a prosperous and

In particular, the Province has the following 12 point development agenda:

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 11

Its vision reads as:

THE PLANNING AREA

Figure 1. Location of Bacolor

Historical records show that Bacolor has been in

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 12

The town’s devastation is evidenced by the following indicators:

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 13

e. Hazards and Risks

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 14

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 15

Health Education Housing

Protective Services Social Welfare

Fig. 1.1 Social Sector and Sub-sectors

Total Population by Age Group and Sex

As of 2015, the Municipality of Bacolor is home to

COMPREHENSIVE LAND USE PLAN - BACOLOR Page 16

and Region III, respectively.

Table 2.1 Population and Percentage Share to Provincial and Regional

Bacolor Percent Share

Table 2.2 Population Composition by Sex, 2015

Year Population Male Female

2007 25,238 12,854 12,384

2000 16,147 8,224 7,923