Chapter 1

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

1. The molality of a urea solution in which 0.0100 g The weight which a 75 kg person would gain if all
of urea, [(NH2)2CO] is added to 0.3000 dm 3 of 1H atoms are replaced by 2H atoms is

water at STP is [AIEEE-2011] [JEE (Main)-2017]

(1) 3.33 × 10–2 m (2) 0.555 m (1) 7.5 kg (2) 10 kg
(3) 5.55 × 10–4 m (4) 33.3 m (3) 15 kg (4) 37.5 kg
2. The density of a solution prepared by dissolving 7. The ratio of mass percent of C and H of an organic
120 g of urea (mol. mass = 60 u) in 1000 g of compound (CXHYOZ) is 6 : 1. If one molecule of the
water of 1.15 g/mL. The molarity of this solution is above compound (CXHYOZ) contains half as much
[AIEEE-2012] oxygen as required to burn one molecule of
compound CXHY completely to CO2 and H2O. The
(1) 1.78 M (2) 1.02 M
empirical formula of compound CXHYOZ is
(3) 2.05 M (4) 0.50 M
[JEE (Main)-2018]
3. The molarity of a solution obtained by mixing
(1) C3H6O3 (2) C2H4O
750 mL of 0.5 (M) HCl with 250 mL of 2 (M) HCl
will be [JEE (Main)-2013] (3) C3H4O2 (4) C2H4O3
(1) 0.875 M (2) 1.00 M 8. A solution of sodium sulfate contains 92 g of Na+
(3) 1.75 M (4) 0.975 M ions per kilogram of water. The molality of Na+ ions
in that solution in mol kg–1 is [JEE (Main)-2019]
4. At 300 K and 1 atm, 15 mL of a gaseous
(1) 16 (2) 4
hydrocarbon requires 375 mL air containing 20%
O2 by volume for complete combustion. After (3) 8 (4) 12
combustion the gases occupy 330 mL. Assuming
9. For the following reaction, the mass of water
that the water formed is in liquid form and the produced from 445 g of C57H110O6 is
volumes were measured at the same temperature
and pressure, the formula of the hydrocarbon is 2C57H110O6 (s) +163O2 (g) o 114CO2 (g) +110H2O(I)
[JEE (Main)-2016]
[JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) C3H8 (2) C4H8
(1) 890 g (2) 490 g
(3) C4H10 (4) C3H6
(3) 445 g (4) 495 g
5. 1 gram of a carbonate (M2CO3) on treatment with
10. The amount of sugar (C 12 H 22O 11) required to
excess HCl produces 0.01186 mole of CO2. The
prepare 2 L of its 0.1 M aqueous solution is
molar mass of M2CO3 in g mol–1 is
[JEE (Main)-2017] [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 118.6 (2) 11.86 (1) 136.8 g (2) 17.1 g
(3) 1186 (4) 84.3 (3) 34.2 g (4) 68.4 g
6. The most abundant elements by mass in the body 11. 8 g of NaOH is dissolved in 18 g of H2O. Mole
of a healthy human adult are : fraction of NaOH in solution and molality
(in mol kg–1) of the solution respectively are
Oxygen (61.4%); Carbon (22.9%); Hydrogen
(10.0%) and Nitrogen (2.6%). [JEE (Main)-2019]

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(1) 0.2, 22.20 (2) 0.167, 22.20 18. 25 g of an unknown hydrocarbon upon burning
produces 88 g of CO 2 and 9 g of H 2O. This
(3) 0.167, 11.11 (4) 0.2, 11.11
unknown hydrocarbon contains
12. The percentage composition of carbon by mole in
[JEE (Main)-2019]
methane is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 22 g of carbon and 3 g of hydrogen
(1) 80% (2) 75%
(2) 24 g of carbon and 1 g of hydrogen
(3) 20% (4) 25%
(3) 20 g of carbon and 5 g of hydrogen
13. For a reaction, N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) o 2NH3 (g).
(4) 18 g of carbon and 7 g of hydrogen
Identify dihydrogen (H2) as a limiting reagent in the
following reaction mixtures. [JEE (Main)-2019] 19. Amongst the following statements, that which was
not proposed by Dalton was [JEE (Main)-2020]
(1) 35 g of N2 + 8 g of H2
(1) All the atoms of a given element have identical
(2) 28 g of N2 + 6 g of H2
properties including identical mass. Atoms of
(3) 56 g of N2 + 10 g of H2 different elements differ in mass
(4) 14 g of N2 + 4 g of H2 (2) Matter consists of indivisible atoms.
14. What would be the molality of 20% (mass/mass) (3) Chemical reactions involve reorganization of
aqueous solution of KI? (molar mass of atoms. These are neither created nor
KI = 166 g mol–1) [JEE (Main)-2019] destroyed in a chemical reaction.

(1) 1.48 (2) 1.51 (4) When gases combine or reproduced in a

chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio
(3) 1.08 (4) 1.35
by volume provided all gases are at the same
15. The minimum amount of O2(g) consumed per gram T & P.
of reactant is for the reaction:
20. A solution of two components containing
(Given atomic mass : Fe = 56, O = 16, Mg = 24, n1 moles of the 1st component and n2 moles of the
P = 31, C = 12, H = 1) [JEE (Main)-2019] 2nd component is prepared. M1 and M2 are the
(1) 2Mg(s) + O2(g) o 2MgO(s) molecular weights of component 1 and 2
respectively. If d is the density of the solution in g
(2) 4Fe(s) + 3O2(g) o 2Fe2O3(s) mL–1, C2 is the molarity and x2 is the mole fraction
(3) C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) o 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(I) of the 2nd component, then C2 can be expressed
as [JEE (Main)-2020]
(4) P4(s) + 5O2(g) o P4O10(s)
16. The mole fraction of a solvent in aqueous solution 1000 x 2
(1) C 2 =
of a solute is 0.8. The molality (in mol kg–1) of the M1 + x 2 (M2 -M1 )
aqueous solution is [JEE (Main)-2019]
(1) 13.88 × 10–2 (2) 13.88 × 10–3 1000 d x 2
(2) C 2 = M + x (M -M )
(3) 13.88 (4) 13.88 × 10–1 1 2 2 1

17. 5 moles of AB2 weigh 125 × 10–3 kg and 10 moles

d x2
of A2B2 weigh 300 × 10–3 kg. The molar mass (3) C2 = M + x (M -M )
2 2 2 1
of A(MA) and molar mass of B(MB) in kg mol–1
are [JEE (Main)-2019]
d x1
(1) MA = 25 × 10–3 and MB = 50 × 10–3 (4) C2 = M + x (M -M )
2 2 2 1
(2) MA = 50 × 10–3 and MB = 25 × 10–3
21. The average molar mass of chlorine is
(3) MA = 5 × 10–3 and MB = 10 × 10–3
35.5 g mol–1. The ratio of 35Cl to 37Cl in naturally
(4) MA = 10 × 10–3 and MB = 5 × 10–3 occurring chlorine is close to [JEE (Main)-2020]

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(1) 1 : 1 (2) 2 : 1
(3) 3 : 1 (4) 4 : 1
22. Ferrous sulphate heptahydrate is used to fortify
foods with iron. The amount (in grams) of the salt
required to achieve 10 ppm of iron in
100 kg of wheat is________. [JEE (Main)-2020]
Atomic weight : Fe = 55.85; S = 32.00; O = 16.00
23. NaClO3 is used, even in spacecrafts, to produce
O2. The daily consumption of pure O2 by a person
is 492 L at 1 atm, 300 K. How much amount of
NaClO3, in grams, is required to produce O2 for the
daily consumption of a person at 1 atm, 300 K?
__________. [JEE (Main)-2020]
NaClO3(s) + Fe(s) o O2(g) + NaCl(s) + FeO(s)
R = 0.082 L atm mol–1 K–1
24. The molarity of HNO 3 in a sample which has
density 1.4 g/mL and mass percentage of 63% is
_____. (Molecular Weight of HNO3 = 63)
[JEE (Main)-2020]
25. The ratio of the mass percentages of ‘C & H’ and
‘C & O’ of a saturated acyclic organic compound
‘X’ are 4 : 1 and 3 : 4 respectively. Then, the moles
of oxygen gas required for complete combustion of
two moles of organic compound ‘X’ is ________.
[JEE (Main)-2020]
26. The mole fraction of glucose (C 6H 12O 6) in an
aqueous binary solution is 0.1. The mass
percentage of water in it, to the nearest integer, is
________ [JEE (Main)-2020]
27. 6.023 × 1022 molecules are present in 10 g of a
substance ‘x’. The molarity of a solution containing
5 g of substance ‘x’ in 2 L solution is ______
× 10–3. [JEE (Main)-2020]
28. The mass of ammonia in grams produced when 2.8
kg of dinitrogen quantitatively reacts with 1 kg of
dihydrogen is _______. [JEE (Main)-2020]
29. The minimum number of moles of O2 required for
complete combustion of 1 mole of propane and 2
moles of butane is _______. [JEE (Main)-2020]
30. 4.5 g of compound A (MW = 90) was used to make
250 mL of its aqueous solution. The molarity of the
solution in M is x × 10–1. The value of x is _____.
(Rounded off to the nearest integer)
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CHEMISTRY
31. The formula of a gaseous hydrocarbon which
requires 6 times of its own volume of O 2 for
complete oxidation and produces 4 times its own
volume of CO2 is CxHy. The value of y is ______.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
32. Complete combustion of 1.80 g of an oxygen
containing compound (CxHyOz) gave 2.64 g of CO2
and 1.08 g of H2O. The percentage of oxygen in
the organic compound is : [JEE (Main)-2021]
(1) 50.33 (2) 53.33
(3) 51.63 (4) 63.53
33. The number of significant figures in 50000.020 × 10–3
is ________. [JEE (Main)-2021]
34. The NaNO3 weighed out to make 50 mL of an
aqueous solution containing 70.0 mg Na+ per mL
is __________ g. (Rounded off to the nearest
integer)
[Given : Atomic weight in g mol–1 - Na : 23; N :
14; O : 16] [JEE (Main)-2021]
35. A 6.50 molal solution of KOH (aq.) has a density
of 1.89 g cm–3. The molarity of the solution is ___
mol dm–3. (Round off to the Nearest Integer).
[Atomic masses : K : 39.0 u; O : 16.0 u; H : 1.0 u]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
36. Complete combustion of 750 g of an organic
compound provides 420 g of CO2 and 210 g of
H2O. The percentage composition of carbon and
hydrogen in organic compound is 15.3 and
_____respectively. (Round off to the Nearest
Integer). [JEE (Main)-2021]
37. When 35 mL of 0.15 M lead nitrate solution is
mixed with 20 mL of 0.12 M chromic sulphate
solution, ________ × 10–5 moles of lead sulphate
precipitate out. [JEE (Main)-2021]
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
38. The number of chlorine atoms in 20 mL of chlorine
gas at STP is _______ 1021. (Round off to the
Nearest integer). [JEE (Main)-2021]
[Assume chlorine is an ideal gas at STP
R = 0.083 L bar mol–1K–1, NA = 6.023 × 1023]
CHEMISTRY
39. Complete combustion of 3 g of ethane gives
x × 1022 molecules of water. The value of x is
________.
(Round off to the Nearest Integer).
[Use : NA = 6.023 × 1023 ;
Atomic masses in u : C : 12.0 ; O : 16.0 ; H : 1.0]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
40. 250 mL of 0.5 M NaOH was added to 500 mL of
1 M HCI. The number of unreacted HCI molecules in
the solution after complete reaction is ______ ×1021.
(Nearest integer) (NA = 6.022 × 1023)
[JEE (Main)-2021]
41. If the concentration of glucose (C6H12O6) in blood is
0.72 g L–1, the molarity of glucose in blood is
________ × 10–3 M. (Nearest integer)
(Given : Atomic mass of C = 12, H = 1, O = 16 u)
[JEE (Main)-2021]
42. Consider the complete combustion of butane, the
amount of butane utilized to produce 72.0 g of water
is ____ × 10–1 g. (in nearest integer)
[JEE (Main)-2021]
43. The number of significant figures in 0.00340 is _______.
[JEE (Main)-2021]
44. The density of NaOH solution is 1.2 g cm–3. The
molality of this solution is ______ m.
(Round off to the Nearest Integer)
[Use : Atomic masses : Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u
H : 1.0 u Density of H2O : 1.0 g cm–3]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
45. An aqueous KCl solution of density 1.20 g ml–1 has
a molality of 3.30 mol kg–1. The molarity of the
solution in mol L–1 is _____. (Nearest integer)
[Molar mass of KCl = 74.5] [JEE (Main)-2021]
46. 100 mL of Na 3PO 4 solution contains 3.45 g
of sodium. The molarity of the solution is _____
× 10–2 mol L–1. (Nearest integer)
[Atomic Masses - Na : 23.0 u, O : 16.0 u, P : 31.0 u]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
47. 100 g of propane is completely reacted with
1000 g of oxygen. The mole fraction of carbon dioxide
in the resulting mixture is x × 10–2. The value of x is
_____. (Nearest integer)
[Atomic weight : H = 1.008; C = 12.00; O = 16.00]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
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48. The molarity of the solution prepared by dissolving 6.3
g of oxalic acid (H2C2O4˜2H2O) in 250 mL of water in
mol L–1 is x × 10–2. The value of x is _______.
(Nearest integer)
[Atomic mass : H : 1.0, C : 12.0, O : 16.0]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
49. Sodium oxide reacts with water to produce sodium
hydroxide. 20.0 g of sodium oxide is dissolved in 500
mL of water. Neglecting the change in volume, the
concentration of the resulting NaOH solution is _____
× 10–1 M. (Nearest integer)
[Atomic mass : Na = 23.0, O = 16.0, H = 1.0]
[JEE (Main)-2021]
50. If 80 g of copper sulphate CuSO4˜5H2O is dissolved in
deionised water to make 5 L of solution. The
concentration of the copper sulphate solution is x ×
10–3 mol L–1. The value of x is _______.
[Atomic masses Cu : 63.54 u, S : 32 u, O : 16 u,
H : 1 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
51. The number of atoms in 8 g of sodium is x × 1023. The
value of x is _____. (Nearest integer)
[Given : NA = 6.02 × 1023 mol–1
Atomic mass of Na = 23.0 u] [JEE (Main)-2021]
52. If a rocket runs on a fuel (C15H30) and liquid oxygen,
the weight of oxygen required and CO2 released for
every litre of fuel respectively are:
(Given : density of the fuel is 0.756 g/mL)
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 1188 g and 1296 g
(2) 2376 g and 2592 g
(3) 2592 g and 2376 g
(4) 3429 g and 3142 g
53. The number of N atoms in 681 g of C7H5N3O6 is
x × 1021. The value of x is ______. (NA = 6.02 × 1023
mol–1) (Nearest Integer)
[JEE (Main)-2022]
54. A protein ‘A’ contains 0.30% of glycine (molecular
weight 75). The minimum molar mass of the protein
‘A’ is _______ × 103 g mol–1 [nearest integer]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
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55. A commercially sold conc. HCl is 35% HCl by mass.
If the density of this commercial acid is 1.46 g/mL,
the molarity of this solution is :
(Atomic mass : Cl = 35.5 amu, H = 1 amu)
[JEE (Main)-2022]
60. Compound A contains 8.7% Hydrogen, 74% Carbon
and 17.3% Nitrogen. The molecular formula of the
compound is,
Given : Atomic masses of C, H and N are 12, 1 and
14 amu respectively.

(1) 10.2 M (2) 12.5 M The molar mass of the compound A is 162 g mol–1.

(3) 14.0 M (4) 18.2 M [JEE (Main)-2022]

56. CNG is an important transportation fuel. When (1) C4H6N2 (2) C2H3N
100 g CNG is mixed with 208 g oxygen in vehicles, (3) C5H7N (4) C10H14N2
it leads to the formation of CO2 and H2O and produced
large quantity of heat during this combustion, then 61. Using the rules for significant figures, the correct
the amount of carbon dioxide, produced in grams is 0.02858 u 0.112
_____. [nearest integer] answer for the expression will be
0.5702
[Assume CNG to be methane]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(1) 0.005613 (2) 0.00561
57. The moles of methane required to produce 81 g of
(3) 0.0056 (4) 0.006
water after complete combustion is _____ × 10–2
mol. [nearest integer] 62. 56.0 L of nitrogen gas is mixed with excess of
hydrogen gas and it is found that 20 L of ammonia
[JEE (Main)-2022]
gas is produced. The volume of unused nitrogen gas
58. Given below are two statements : one is labelled as is found to be ____ L. [JEE (Main)-2022]
Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason
(R). 63. Chlorophyll extracted from the crushed green leaves

Assertion (A) : At 10°C, the density of a 5 M solution
of KCl [atomic masses of K & Cl are 39 & 35.5 g
mol–1 respectively], is ‘x’ g ml–1. The solution is
cooled to –21°C. The molality of the solution will
remain unchanged.
Reason (R) : The molality of a solution does not
change with temperature as mass remains
unaffected with temperature.
In the light of the above statements, choose the
correct answer from the options given below.
was dissolved in water to make 2 L solution of Mg of
concentration 48 ppm. The number of atoms of Mg
in this solution is x × 1020 atoms. The value of x is
________. (Nearest integer)
(Given : Atomic mass of Mg is 24 g mol–1; NA = 6.02 ×
1023 mol–1) [JEE (Main)-2022]
64. When 800 mL of 0.5 M nitric acid is heated in a
beaker, its volume is reduced to half and 11.5 g of
nitric acid is evaporated. The molarity of the

[JEE (Main)-2022] remaining nitric acid solution is x × 10–2 M. (Nearest

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the
correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true but (R) is false.
integer)
(Molar mass of nitric acid is 63 g mol–1)
[JEE (Main)-2022]
65. Haemoglobin contains 0.34% of iron by mass. The

(4) (A) is false but (R) is true. number of Fe atoms in 3.3 g of haemoglobin is

59. Two elements A and B which form 0.15 moles of (Given : Atomic mass of Fe is 56 u, NA = 6.022 × 1023
A2B and AB3 type compounds. If both A2B and AB3
weigh equally, then the atomic weight of A is _____ mol–1) [JEE (Main)-2022]
times of atomic weight of B.
(1) 1.21 × 105 (2) 12.0 × 1016
[JEE (Main)-2022]
(3) 1.21 × 1020 (4) 3.4 × 1022
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66. In the given reaction, (1) H2, 1.42 moles

(2) H2, 0.71 moles

X  Y  3Z R XYZ3
(3) N2, 1.42 moles
if one mole of each of X and Y with 0.05 mol of Z
gives compound XYZ3. (Given : Atomic masses of (4) N2, 0.71 moles
X, Y and Z are 10, 20 and 30 amu, respectively.) the
yield of XYZ3 is _______ g. (Nearest integer) 70. Consider the reaction
[JEE (Main)-2022]
4HNO3 (l)  3KCl(s)
67. On complete combustion of 0.492 g of an organic
compound containing C, H and O, 0.7938 g of CO2 o Cl2 (g)  NOCl(g)  2H2O(g)  3KNO3 (s)
and 0.4428 g of H 2 O was produced. The %
composition of oxygen in the compound is _______. The amount of HNO3 required to produce 110.0 g of
[JEE (Main)-2022] KNO3 is
68. 2 L of 0.2 M H2SO4 is reacted with 2 L of 0.1 M
NaOH solution, the molarity of the resulting product (Given : Atomic masses of H, O, N and K are 1, 16,
Na 2SO 4 in the solution is _______ millimolar. 14 and 39 respectively.) [JEE (Main)-2022]
(Nearest integer) [JEE (Main)-2022] (1) 32.2 g

69. N2(g)  3H2(g) U 2NH3(g) (2) 69.4 g

20 g 5g
(3) 91.5 g
Consider the above reaction, the limiting reagent of
the reaction and number of moles of NH3 formed (4) 162.5 g
respectively are : [JEE (Main)-2022]

‰‰‰

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Chapter 1

Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry

1. Answer (3) Replacing 1 H by 2 H would replace 7.5 kg with
15 kg
W1 0.01
m= 0.000555 ? Net gain = 7.5 kg
M1 u W2 (in kg) 60 u 0.3
7. Answer (4)
= 5.55 × 10–4 m Element Relative Relative Simplest whole
mass mole number ratio
2. Answer (3)
6
3. Answer (1) C 6 = 0.5 1
12
The molarity of a solution obtained by mixing 1
H 1 =1 2
1
750 mL of 0.5 M HCl with 250 mL of 2 M HCl is given
by So, X = 1, Y = 2

750 u 0.5  250 u 2 Equation for combustion of CXHY

Molarity 0.875 M
1000 § Y· Y
C XHY  ¨ X  ¸ O2 o XCO2  H2 O
© 4¹ 2
4. Answer (1)
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) o 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l) § Y·
Oxygen atoms required = 2 ¨ X  ¸
© 4¹
So, volume of O2 required for the combustion of
As per information,
1 mL hydrocarbon = 5 mL.
§ Y·
So, volume of O 2 requierd for the combustion 2¨ X  ¸ 2Z
© 4¹
of 15 mL of hydrocarbon = 75 mL (i.e., 20% of
375 mL air) § 2·
Ÿ ¨1  ¸ Z
NOTE : But for this, the total volume of gases after © 4¹
combustion should be 345 mL, rather than 330 mL.
Ÿ Z = 1.5
5. Answer (4) Molecule can be written
M2CO3 + 2HCl o 2MCl + H2O + CO2 CXHYOZ
nM2CO3 nCO2 C1H2O3/2
Ÿ C2H4O3
1
0.01186 8. Answer (2)
MM2CO3

92
1 92 g of Na+ = 4moles
MM2CO3 = 23
0.01186

= 84.3 g/mol number of moles

Molality =
mass of solvent (inkg)
6. Answer (1)

10 4
Mass of hydrogen = u 75 = 7.5 kg = 4mol kg–1
100 1
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9. Answer (4) 14. Answer (2)

2C57H110O6 (s)  163O2(g) o 114CO2(g)  110H2O(I) 20% w/w KI solution
i.e. 100 g solution contains 20 g KI
445
n = 0.5 ? Mass of solvent = 100 – 20 = 80 g
890
20 u 1000
110 ? Molality =  1.51 molar
? Moles of water u 0.5 27.5 166 u 80
2
15. Answer (2)
? Mass of water = 27.5 × 18
(1) 2 Mg + O2 o 2 MgO
= 495 g
32
10. Answer (4) 1 g requires g = 0.66 g of O2
48
Mole of sugar (2) 4Fe + 3O2 o 2Fe2O3
Molarity =
Volume of solution (in L)
1 g Fe requires = 0.43 g of oxygen

Mole of sugar (3) C3H8 + 5O2 o 3CO2 + 4H2O

Ÿ 0.1 =
2L 1 g of C3H8 requires = 3.6 g of O2
(4) P4 + 5O2 o P4O10
Mole of sugar = 0.2 mol
1 g of P requires = 1.3 g of oxygen
Mass of sugar = Mole × Molar mass of sugar
16. Answer (3)
= 0.2 × 342 = 68.4 g
Let, total 1 moles be present.
11. Answer (3)
nsolute = 0.2
1 nsolvent = 0.8 Ÿ gsolvent = 0.8 × 18
n2 5
Mole faction 0.167
n2  n1 1 0.2 u 1000
1 ? m=
5 0.8 u 18

1000
8 18 = | 13.88
n2 n1 4 u 18
40 18
17. Answer (3)
8 1000 5 mol AB2 weighs 125 g
Molality = u 11.11m
40 18
? AB2 = 25 g/mol
12. Answer (3)
10 mol A2B2 weighs 300 g
In CH4 ? A2B2 = 30 g/mol
one atom of carbon among 5 atoms (1C + 4H atoms) ? Molar mass of A = 5

1 Molar mass of B = 10
? Mole % of C = u 100 = 20%
5 18. Answer (2)
13. Answer (3)
§ y· y
CxHy  ¨ x  ¸ O2 o xCO2  H2O
28 g N2 react with 6 g H2 © 4¹ 2
(excess)
N2  3H2 o 2NH3 25 g 88 gm 9g
1 mole 3 moles 1
28 g 6g 2 moles moles
2
For 56 g of N2, 12 g of H2 is required. Ÿx=2 Ÿy=1
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? x=2 and y = 1 21. Answer (3)

Hydrocarbon : (C2H)n 35 u 3  37 u 1
Average molar mass = 35.5
2 mol carbon contains 24 g 4

1 mol hydrogen contains 1 g Ÿ 35Cl : 37Cl = 3 : 1

19. Answer (4) 22. Answer (4.97)

“When gases combine or reproduced in a chemical 10

Mass of iron needed in 100 kg wheat = u 10 5
reaction, they do so in a simple ratio by volume 10 6
provided all gases are at the same T & P”
= 1.0 gm
This is not a postulate of Dalton’s theory
Molecular mass of FeSO4.7H2O is 277.85
20. Answer (2) 55.85 gm iron is present in 277.85 gm of salt
To express C2 in terms of mole fraction x2
277.85
1 gm iron is present in 4.97 gm.
55.85
1st component 2 nd component
23. Answer (2130.00)
mole n1 n2
m.w M1 M2 NaClO 3 (s)  Fe(s) o NaCl(s)  FeO(s)  O 2 (g)
mass n 1M1 n 2M 2
moles of NaClO3 = moles of O2

mass of solution = n1M1 + n2M2 PV 1u 492

moles of O 2 20 mol
RT 0.082 u 300
n2
mole fraction x 2 n1  n 2 mass of NaClO3 = 20 × 106.5 = 2130 g = 2130.00
24. Answer (14.00)
n 2 (1  x 2 ) 63% W/W HNO3 solution having density 1.4 g/mL
n1 i.e. 100 g solution has 63 g HNO3
x2
100
Mass of solution = n1M1 + n2M2 Volume of 100 g solution = mL
1.4
63 u 1.4 u 1000
n 2M1(1– x 2 ) ? Molarity = 14 mol / L
 n 2M 2 63 u 100
x2
25. Answer (5)

n2 Let the masses of C, H and O in organic compound

[M 2 x 2  x 2M1  M 1] X be x, y and z respectively
x2
Mass Moles
Volume of solution C x 4 12 1
H y 1 3 3
n 2 [M 2 x 2  x 2M1  M1]
Litre
1000dx 2 16
O z 16 1
3

1000n 2 dx 2 ? Empirical formula : CH3O

C2
n 2 [M 2 x 2  x 2M1  M 1] Molecular formula : C2H6O2

2C 2 H 6 O 2  5O 2 o 4CO 2  6H 2O
1000 dx 2 (X)
C2
M 1  x 2 (M 2  M 1 ) ? Number of moles of O 2 required to oxidise
2 moles of (X) = 5.

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26. Answer (47) 31. Answer (8)

Mole fraction of glucose in aqueous solution = 0.1 § y· y
C x Hy (g)  ¨ x  ¸ O 2 (g) o xCO 2 (g)  H2 O(l)
Mass percentage of water in it © 4¹ 2

ª 0.9 u 18 º y
« 0.9 u 18  0.1u 180 » u 100 x 6
¬ ¼ 4

= 47.37  47 x=4
y= 8
27. Answer (25.00)
32. Answer (2)
Mass of 6.023 × 1022 molecules of a substance =
10 g y
C x H y O z  O 2 o xCO 2  H2 O
Mass of 6.023 × 1023 molecules of the substance = 2
100 g 2.64 g of CO2 contains 0.72 g C.
Molar mass of the substance = 100 g mol–1 1.08 g of H2O contains 0.12 g H.
? mass of oxygen present = 1.80 – (0.72
5
Molarity of the solution 2.5 u 10 2 +0.12) = 0.96 g
100 u 2
0.96
= 25 × 10–3 % of O = u 100 = 53.33 %
1.80
28. Answer (3400)
33. Answer (8)
N2(g) + 3H2(g) o 2NH3(g)
No. of significant figures in 50000.020 × 10–3 = 8
3
2.8 u 10 34. Answer (13)
Number of moles of N 2 100
28
Mass of Na+ in 50 mL = 70 × 50 mg
1000
Number of moles of H 2 500 70 u 50
2
Millimoles of NaNO3 =
Number of moles of NH3 produced = 200 23

Mass of NH3 produced = 200 × 17 = 3400 gm 70 u 50 u 85 u 10 3

Mass of NaNO3 =
23
29. Answer (18) 12.9  13 g
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) o 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(l)
35. Answer (9)
13 Moles of solute
C4H10(g) + O2 (g) o 4CO2(g) + 5H2O(l)
2 Molality = Mass of solvent (in kg)

No. of moles of O2 required to oxidise 1 mole of

6.50 molal solution of KOH means
13 6.50 moles of KOH in 1000 g of water (solvent)
propane and 2 moles of butane = 5 + 2 × = 18
2
364 g of KOH in 1364 g of solution
30. Answer (2)
Mass of solution(g)
Volume of solution =
no. of moles of solute density of solution (g mL1 )
Molarity
volm of soln (in L)
1364
=
1.89
4.5 u 1000
90 u 250 Moles of solute 6.50 u1.89
Molarity = 9.00M
=2× 10–1 M Volume of solution(inL) 1364u103

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36. Answer (3) 40. Answer (226)

NaOH + HCI o NaCI + H2O
210
W eight of H = × 2 = 23.333 g (in 750 g 125 m mol 500 m mol - -
18
compound) - 375 m mol 125 m mol -
Number of unreacted molecules of
23.333
% of H = u 100 HCI = 375 × 10–3 × 6.022 × 1023
750
= 2258.25 × 1020
= 3.111
= 225.825 × 1021
|3
| 226 × 1021
37. Answer (525)
41. Answer (4)
3Pb(NO 3 )2  Cr2 (SO 4 )3 o 3PbSO 4 p  2Cr(NO 3 )3
Concentration of glucose in blood = 0.72 g/L
m.moles of Pb(NO3)2 = 35 × 0.15 = 5.25 m.moles
0.72
= 4 u 10 –3 molar
m.moles of Cr2(SO4)3 = 20 × 0.12 = 2.4 m.moles 180
? Pb(NO3)2 is limiting reagent.
42. Answer (464)
m.moles of PbSO4 formed = 5.25 m.moles
2C4H10(g) + 13O2(g) o 8CO2(g) + 10H2O(l)
= 525 × 10–5 moles
116 g 180 g
38. Answer (1) 46.4 g 72.0 g
Volume of Cl2 at STP = 20 mL So, the amount of butane required is 464 × 10–1 g
for the production of 72.0 g of H2O.
20
Moles of chlorine gas = 43. Answer (3)
22400
The number of significant figures in 0.00340 is
20 three.
Molecules of Cl2 gas = u 6.023 u 1023
22400 44. Answer (5)
Given, density of water = 1 g cm–3
20
Atoms of Cl = 2 u u 6.023 u 1023 density of NaOH solution = 1.2 g cm–3
22400
mass of 1 L solution = 1200 g
23
| 1 u 10 mass of 1 L solvent = 1000 g

39. Answer (18) mass of solute = 200 g

7 200 u 1000
C2H6  O2 o 2CO2  3H2 O molality = 5m
2 40 u 1000
3
Number of moles of ethane = = 0.1 45. Answer (3)
30
Number of moles of water = 3 × 0.1 = 0.3 Molar mass of KCl = 39 + 35.5

? Number of molecules of water = 74.5 g mol–1

= 6.023 × 1023 × 0.3 Density of solution = 1.20 g ml–1

= 18.069 × 1022 Mass of solution = 1000 + 3.3 × 74.5

| 18 × 1022 = 1245.85 g

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49. Answer (13)

1245.85
Voume of solution = ml
1.2
Na2O  H2 O o 2NaOH
= 1038.20 ml 20 2 u 20
Moles
23 u 2  16 (23 u 2  16)
3.3 u 1000
Molarity = 3.17 mol/l  3
1038.20
0.645 u 1000
Molarity =
46. Answer (50) 500

Given mass = 1.290 M

Mole =
Molar mass = 12.90 × 10–1 M

3.45  13 × 101 M
= = 0.15 mol of Na+
23 50. Answer (64)
Each mole of Na3PO4 has 3 mole of Na+. So 0.15
moles of solute
M
0.15 volume of solution in L
mole of Na+ is present in mole of Na3PO4.
3
80
M | 64 u 10 3 mol L1
0.15 u 1000 249.54 u 5
Molarity = = 0.5 mol L–1
3 u 100
51. Answer (2)
Molarity = 50 × 10–2 mol L–1
Number of atom
47. Answer (19) Moles = Avogadro 's number

C3H8 + 5O2 3CO 2 + 4H2O

Given mass
Moles =
100 1000 Molar mass
Moles – –
initial 44 32
8 Number of atoms
1000 100 × 5 300 400
Moles – – 23 6.02 u 1023
final 32 44 44 44
Number of atoms = 2 × 1023
52. Answer (3)
300
44 45
Mole fraction of CO2 = C15H30  O2 o 15CO2  15H2 O
19.89  6.81  9.09
2
= 19.02
One litre of fuel has a mass (0.756) × 1000 g.
? x = 19
756
48. Answer (20) ? moles of C15H30 =
210
Molar mass of oxalic acid H2C2O4˜2H2O = 126 g/mol
45 756
Number of moles of solute Moles of O2 required = u
Molarity 2 210
Vol. of solution (in L)
45 756
Mass of O2 required = u u 32 g = 2592 g
6.3 u 1000 2 210
126 u 250
756
0.2 molar Mass of CO2 formed = 15 u u 44 = 2376 g
210
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53. Answer (5418)

36 gm H2O o 1 mole CH4
Molar mass of C7H5N3O6 = 227 g/mol

681 g of C7H5N3O6 = 3 mol 1

81 gm H2O o u 81 mole CH4
36
? 681 g of C7H5N3O6 has 9 mole of N.
= 54.18 × 1023 N atoms o 2.25 mole

= 5418 × 1021
o 225 u 102
54. Answer (25)
58. Answer (1)
0.3% glycine means
Density = ‘x’ gm ml–1
100 g protein ‘A’ contains 0.3 g glycine.
5 u 1000
Since, molar mass of glycine is 75 ? molality, m = 7.96
[x(1000)  372.5]
100
75 g glycine will be present in u 75 g protein 8m (Assuming x = 1)
0.3
? 'Tf = iKfm
Minimum molar mass of protein A is 25 × 103 g/mol
Assuming complete dissociation of salt (100%)
55. Answer (3)
(i = 2)
35
u 1000 14.0 M 'Tf = 2 × 1.86 × 8  29.76
Molarity = (36.5) u 100
1.46 Hence, the solution does not freeze at –21°C. This
means that molality of the solution won’t change as
56. Answer (143) x t 1.
CH4 + 2O2 o CO2 + 2H2O Statement (II) is also correct as molality is mass
dependent and hence, does not change with
wt. of CH4 100 g 208 tem perature. However, as solvents are not
nO 2
wt. of O2 208 g 32 mentioned, statement (I) can also be incorrect.

In this reaction O2 is limiting reagent 59. Answer (2)

2 moles of O2 1 mole of CO2 Mole of A2B = moles of AB3

o
W W
1
1 mole of O2 o mole of CO2 2A  B A  3B
2
A + 3B = 2A + B
208 208 1
mole of O2 o u mole of CO 2B = A
32 32 2 2

Atomic weight of A is 2 times that of B.

208 1 60. Answer (4)
o u u 44 gm of CO
32 2 2

Element %mass Moles Whole

143 gm of CO2 number ratio
o
C 74 6.17 5
57. Answer (225)
H 8.7 8.7 7
CH4  2O2 o CO2  2H2O
N 17.3 1.236 1
1 mol CH4 o 2 mole H2 O
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Empirical Formula = C5H7N 65. Answer (3)

Empirical formula mass = 81 g According to the question,

n × 81 = 162 100 g of haemoglobin contains 0.34 g of iron

0.34
n=2 3.3 g of haemoglobin contains u 3.3 g of iron
100
Hence molecular formula is C10H14N2
0.34 u 3.3 N
61. Answer (2) moles of Fe = = N
100 u 56 A

0.02858 u 0.112
.00561
0.5702 0.34 u 3.3 u 6.022 u 1023
N= = 1.21 × 1020
100 u 56
Answer expressed in 3 significant figures.
66. Answer (2)
62. Answer (46)

N2(g) + 3H2 (g) o 2NH3 (g) X  Y  3Z U xyz3

nmoles 1 1 .05

Since H2 is in excess and 20 L of ammonia gas is

produced. .05
Limiting reagent is Z = .016
3
Hence, 2 moles NH3 { 1 mole N2 (v v n)
3 moles of Z o 1 mole of XYZ3
20 L NH3 { 10 L N2
1
Volume of N2 left = 56 – 10 = 46 L .05 mole of Z o u .05 mole of XYZ
3 3

63. Answer (24)

M.wt. of XYZ3 = 10 + 20 +90
In 2L o 96 mg of Mg
= 120 amu
–3
96 u 10
Number of atoms of Mg u NA .05
24 Wt. of XYZ3 u 120
3
= 4 u 10–3 u 6 u 1023
=2g
= 24 × 1020 67. Answer (46)
64. Answer (54)
2 wt. of H2O
m moles of HNO3 = 800 × 0.5 % of H = 18 u wt. of organic compound u 100

Moles of HNO3 = 400 × 10–3 = 0.4 moles

2 0.4428
Weight of HNO3 = 0.4 × 63 g = 25.2 g = u u 100
18 0.492
Remaining acid = 25.2 – 11.5 = 13.7 g
= 0.11 × 0.9 × 100

13.7 u 1000 = .099 × 100 = 9.9

M
400 u 63
12 0.7938
% of C = u u 100
44 0.492
137
= 0.54
252 = 0.27 × 1.61 × 100

= 54 × 10–2 = 43.47

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% Oxygen = 100 – (43.47 + 9.9)

34 u 20
= 100 – 53.37 24.28 g
28
 46
= 1.42 moles
68. Answer (25)
70. Answer (3)

4HNO3(l) + 3KCl(s) o Cl2(g) + NOCl(g) +

2H2O(g) + 3KNO3(s)

0.1 110
Molarity of Na2SO4 = = 0.025 M ' 110 g of KNO3 Ÿ moles of KNO3 =
4 101

= 25 millimolar.
= 1.089 mol

As, 4 mole of HNO 3 produces 3 mol of KNO 3.

69. Answer (3)
Hence, the moles of HNO3 required to produce
N2(g)  3H2(g) U 2NH3(g)
20 g 5g 4
1.089 moles of KNO3 = u 1.089 = 1.452 mol
3
Ideally 28 g N2 reacts with 6 g H2 limiting reagent is
N2 Hence, mass of HNO3 required is 1.452 × 63
? Amount of NH3 formed on reacting 20 g N2 is, = 91.5 g (approx.)

‰‰‰

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