Menstrual Cycle

Learner’s Module in Science 5

Quarter 2 ● Module 2

HILARDA A. PUCDIHON
Developer

Cordilllera Administrative Region-DepEd-Baguio City

Name: Grade and Section:

Teacher: Score:
 Department of Education • Cordillera Administrative Region
Republic of the Philippines
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Cordillera Administrative Region
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF BAGUIO CITY
#82 Corner Military Cut-off, Baguio City

Published by:
Deped Schools Division of Baguio City
Curriculum Implementation Division

COPYRIGHT NOTICE
2020

Section 9 of Presidential Decree No. 49 provides:

“No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines.
However, prior approval of the government agency of office wherein the work is created
shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.”

This material has been developed for the implementation of K-12 Curriculum through
the Curriculum Implementation Division (CID)—Learning Resource Management and
Development System (LRMDS). It can be reproduced for educational purposes and the
source must be acknowledged. Derivatives of the work including creating an edited version,
an enhancement or a supplementary work are permitted provided all original work is
acknowledged and the copyright is attributed. No work may be derived from this material for
commercial purposes and profit.

ii
 PREFACE

This module is a project of the Curriculum Implementation Division particularly the

Learning Resource Management and Development Unit, Department of Education, Schools
Division of CAR which is in response to the implementation of the K to 12 Curriculum.

This Learning Material is a property of the Department of Education- CID, Schools

Division of CAR. It aims to improve students’ performance specifically in Science.

Date of Development : May 2020

Resource Location : Schools Division of Baguio City
Learning Area : Science
Grade Level 5
Learning Resource Type : Module
Language : English
Quarter/Week : Q2/W3
Learning Competency/Code : Explain what menstrual cycle is
S5LT-IIc-3

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The developer wishes to express her gratitude to those who helped her in the
development of this learning material. The fulfillment of this learning material would not be
possible without these people who gave their support, helping hand and cooperation.

The developer wishes to acknowledge Ma’am Jacqueline G. Lampac, EPS in Science,

who gave the developer the opportunity to do this learning material and for her consideration,
intellectual critics and technical assistance to make this module possible.

Above all, to GOD, whom she always asks for strength, wisdom, guidance and
courage to face every challenge that comes her way.

Hilarda A. Pucdihon
Developer

DIVISION LRMDS STAFF:

PRISCILLA A. DIS-IW CHRISTOPHER DAVID OLIVA

Librarian II Project Development Officer II

LOIDA C. MANGANGEY, EDD.

EPS-LRMDS

CONSULTANTS:

JULIET C. SANNAD, EDD

Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

SORAYA T. FACULO, PHD

of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

MARIE CAROLYN B. VERANO, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Copyright Notice ………………………………………………….……....….…. ii
Preface …………………………………………………………………...…….… iii
Acknowledgement……………………………………………………. …….…... iv
Table of Contents……………………………………………………….……. … v
Title Page…………………………………………………………………………. 1

What I Need to Know? …….……………………………………………………. 2

Learning Objectives………………………………………………………….. 2
What I Know?...……………….……………………………………….…………. 3
What’s in? …..……………………………………………………………………. 4
Self-Check.…………………………………….……………….…………. 4
What’s New? …………………………………………………………………….. 5
What I It? ……..…………………………………………………………………... 5
What’s More? ……………………………………………………………………. 8
What I Have Learned?.........…………………………………………………….. 9
What I Can Do?.………………………………………………………….……… 10
Post-Assessment …………………...…………………………………………… 11
Additional Activities………………………………………………………………. 12
Answer Key …..………………………………………………………………….. 13
References……..…………………………………………………...…….…….… 14
Menstrual Cycle
Module in Science 5
Second Quarter

HILARDA A. PUCDIHON
Developer

1
 WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

Welcome to this module about menstrual cycle. This is designed to inform you,
learners, with essential knowledge in order for you to have a better understanding regarding
this topic.

This module is composed of varied activities that could help widen your knowledge
about menstrual cycle. The activities are based on the standard competencies expected to a
grade V pupil in the K to 12 curriculum.

I hope that this material will be of great help to you.

Learning Objectives

 Explain what menstrual cycle is.

 Tell that the menstrual cycle is the beginning of ppuberty for girls.
 Enumerate the phases of menstrual cycle.
 Relate the mentrual cycle of a female to the ability to get pregnant.

 How to Use this Module

This module contains a lessons that you need to learn. To make the most out of them,
you need to do the following:

1. Scan the list of the Learning Objectives to get an idea of the knowledge and skills
you are expected to gain and develop as you study the module. These outcomes are
based on the content standards, performance standards, and learning competencies of
the K to 12 Curriculum for Science grade five.
2. Take the Pre-assessment. Your score will determine your knowledge of the lessons
in the module. If you get 100% of the items correctly, you may proceed to the next
module. Otherwise, you must go through the lessons.
3. The lesson aims to develop one of the learning outcomes set for the module. It opens
with a list of objectives that you are expected to have accomplished by the end of the
lesson. The objectives are intended to unpack the learning outcome for the lesson.
4. Read and understand the content in the Lesson Information sections that make up a
lesson. This component contains the basic information that you need to know to be
able to accomplish the lesson objectives.
5. At the end of the module, take the Post-Assessment to evaluate your overall
understanding about the lessons.

2
 WHAT I KNOW?
PRE ASSESSMENT

Let us determine how much you already know about menstrual cycle. Read the statements
carefully below then write the correct answer on the blanks provided before each number.
Choose your answers in the box.

day 14 menstrual cycle menarche

menopausal stage 28

1. number of days majority of females menstrual cycle

lasts

2. serves as a preparatory phase for possible pregnancy

in females and serves as an indicator on whether a
a female is fertile or not on a certain time of the month

3. is the first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding,

in female humans

4. stage wherein menstrual cycle stops because there are

no more egg cells to be released

5. the day where ovulation takes place

3
 WHAT’S IN?
Review

We already talked about the changes in puberty which are the following:

Changes in males
 The shoulders become broader
 The voice box or “Adam’s apple” start to become more developed
 Muscles become bigger and stronger
 Penis and testis develop

Changes in females
 Breasts start to develop
 Hips become rounded and wider
 Menstruation occurs

Changes in both sexes

 Pubic hair and underarm hair starts to grow
 Growth spurts are evident in height and the body as a whole
 Pimples and acne may start to show on the face

Self Check:

Draw a on the blank provided before each number if the change is experienced by
males, for females and for both sexes.

1. occurence of mentruation

2. broadening of shoulders

3. growth spurts

4. development of muscles

5. breasts starts to grow bigger

6. growth of pubic hair

7. reproductive organs develop

8. Adam’s apple becomes bigger

9. hips become rounded and wider

10. appearance of acne most espcially on the face

4
 WHAT ‘S NEW?

A girl may have a menstrual flow at the age of twelve or even earlier. Girls who do
not know anything about menstruation might be shocked when they experience their first
menstrual flow.

When a girl reaches the age of puberty, her ovaries are ready to produce egg cells.
The egg cells follow a cycle as they develop in a process called menstrual cycle. You will be
learning more about menstrual cycle.

WHAT IS IT?

The first menstrual cycle, or first menstrual bleeding is called menarche.

Menstrual cycle is the process that prepares a woman for pregnancy. There are four
phases in a menstrual cycle, namely:
 Phase 1: This is the menstruation phase. This occurs when fertilization does not
occur. The uterine lining begins to break down and bleeding results. Blood some
uterine tissues, and the unfertilized egg make their way out through the vagina. This is
called menstrual flow. The flow lasts from three to seven days (days varies to every
female). It marks the beginning of the next menstrual cycle. As menstruation is going
on, a new egg is starting to mature within the ovary.
 Phase 2: This is also called follicular phase. In this phase, the lining of the uterus
becomes thin after menstruation. An egg in the ovary continues to mature. Just before
the mid-cycle, the mature egg moves to the surface of the ovary.
 Phase 3: In this phase, the matured egg cell is released. This period is also called
ovulation. The matured egg then travels from the ovary to the fallopian tube as it
goes to the uterus. Generally the egg survives within 24 to 48 hours. At this stage, the
process of fertilization may take place.
 Phase 4: also known as luteal phase. In this phase, the lining of the uterus called
the endometrium becomes thicker in the preparation for implantation of the fertilized
egg. If fertilization takes place, the lining of the uterus stays in place. Likewise, no
new egg is released. If fertilization does not take place, menstruation happens. The
next menstrual cycle is about to begin.

Menstrual flow usually lasts for three to five days while the menstrual cycle lasts for
28 days. However, other factors like stress, fatigue, illness and malnutrition can alter the
cycle. The menstrual cycle will eventually stop when there are no more eggs to be
released. This phase is called the menopausal stage that could take place between 45
to 55 years of age.

To help you understand menstrual cycle better, varied activities were prepared just for
you.

5
Activity 1:

Lets start with this.

Fill in the boxes with numbers 1, 2, 3 or 4 to indicate the phases in the menstrual cycle.

6
Activity 2:
Arrange the jumbled and underlined letters for you to form the Science concepts that are being
described.
1. senttmairnou- in this phase, the lining of the uterus breaks down
and is shed with some blood through the vagina

2. rllcuifoal eaphs– this is the time between the end of

mensruation and ovulation

3. ilouvnato– in this phase the egg is released from the ovaries to the
fallopian tube

4. elltau eaphs– if the egg is not fertilized, there is no

pregnancy, the thickened lining of the uterus breaks down
and is shed, and a cycle begins again

5. smeltnuar eccly– is a monthly series of hormonal changes

leading to egg maturation and uterine preparation for possible
pregnancy

7
 WHAT’S MORE?
Assessment

Determine the menstrual cycle phase that is being described by writing phase 1, phase 2, phase
3 or phase 4 on the blanks before each number.

1. The mature egg moves to the surface of the ovary just before the
mid cycle.
2. The process of fertilization may take place.
3. A new egg cell starts to mature within the ovary.
4. The uterine lining begins to break down and the bleeding period
begins.
5. An egg in the ovary continues to mature.
6. The mature egg travels from the ovary to the fallopian tube.
7. The lining of the uterus becomes thin after the bleeding period.
8. The endometrium becomes thicker in case a fertilized egg moves to the
uterus for implantation.
9. The mature egg is released.
10. The next menstrual cycle is about to begin.

8
 WHAT I HAVE LEARNED?

Let us now measure what you have learned in this module. Complete the following statements
by writing the appropriate word/s on the blanks.

1. is the process that prepares a woman for possible

pregnancy.

2. The Menstrual Cycle has phases.

3. The first menstrual bleeding is called .

4. Menstrual cycle usually lasts for days.

5. The stage where menstrual cycle stops is called .

9
 WHAT I CAN DO?

Now you are ready to apply the concepts that you have learned in this module about
menstrual cycle.

A. Complete the following statements.

1. Females should practice proper hygiene during the menstrual period because:

2. The menstrual cycle should not be should not be tied to any superstition because:

B. Answer the following questions in a complete sentence.

1. Every month an egg is released from the ovary of a female. What happens to the egg
when it does not unite with a sperm cell? How about if the two cells unite?

2. Is it proper to tease a female who is having a menstrual flow? Why? Why not?

3. In your own place, what are the practices that females do when they have
menstrual flow?

10
 POST ASSESSMENT

A. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What do we call the monthly cycle that females experience that starts during
puberty?
a. menopausal stage c. ovulation
b. follicular phase d. menstrual cycle

2. When do females stop having their menstrual cycle?

a. when they reach the age of 50 c. when they menopause
b. when they reach puberty d. none of the above

3. Which of the following is not a phase of menstrual cycle?

a. menopausal stage c. ovulation
b. luteal phase d. follicular phase

4. How many phases complete one menstrual cycle?

a. 2 b. 3 c. 4 d.5

5. When a female has already had her first menstrual flow, she already has the
ability to .
a. a free life c. do whatever she wants
b. get pregnant d. be independent

B. Write true before each number if the underlined word/s make/s the sentences
correct, if not, write the correct word/s.

1. Menstrual cycle is important.

2. Menstrual cycle is a preparation for possible pregnancy of a
woman.
3. The human female undergoes a yearly cycle of events called
menstrual cycle.
4. Commonly, girls experience menstruation four times a month.
5. Hygiene is important during menstrual flow.
6. Women cannot get pregnant after they had menopaused.
7. The first phase of menstrual cycle is the menstrual flow.
8. Menarche is the first menstrual bleeding in a female human.
9. The last phase of menstrual cycle is called ovulation.
10. Menstrual cycle is composed of five phases.

11
 ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
A. Fill in the boxes with the appropriate letters to form the word that is being
described.

1. -It is the first menstrual bleeding.

2. - The phase where in the egg is released from the ovaries to the
fallopian tube.

3. -This is a series of changes during which an egg matures

and the uterus is prepared for possible pregnancy
4. -It is the last phase of the menstrual cycle.

5. --The phase where in menstrual cycle will stop because

there are no more egg cells to be released.

B. Draw the menstrual cycle and indicate the phases by labelling it.

12
 ANSWER KEY
What I Know What’s In (Self Check)
1. 28 1. 6.
2. menstrual cycle
3. menarche 2. 7.
4. menopausal stage
5. day 14 3. 8.

9.

5. 10.
What’s In It
Activity 1 1 Activity 2
1. menstruation
2. follicular phase
3. ovulation
4. luteal phase
4 2
5. menstrual cycle

3
What’s More What I Have Learned
1. phase 2 6. phase 3 1. menstrual cycle
2. phase 3 7. phase 2 2.4
3. phase 1 8. phase 4 3.menarche
4. phase 1 9. phase 3 4.28
5. phase 2 10. phase 4 5.menopausal stage

What Can I Do
A. Answers vary
B. 1. When the egg cell will not unite with the sperm cell a female person will not get
pregnant, but if the two cells unite a female person will get pregnant.
2. answers vary
3. answers vary

Post Assessment Additional Activities

A. 1. A B. 1.true 6.true A.1. menarche
2. b 2. true 7.true 2. ovulation
3. a 3.monthly 8.true 3. Menstrual cycle
4. c 4.one time 9.luteal/ luteal phase 4. Luteal phase
5. b 5.true 10. four 5. Menopausal stage
13 B. Refer to the drawings
 REFERENCES

 https://tinyurl.com/ydbgoqcq (Accessed by May 7, 2020)

 Tan, Conchita T.2002.Science for daily 5.Dane Publishing house, Inc., pp. 17
 Abracia, Efraim E.2005.Science and Me 5.Missionbook Publishing, Inc., pp. 12
 Sarte, Evelyn T.,Garcia, Ednaliza R.,dela Cruz, Mary Jean G.,Arradaza,
Harold A.2016.Science Beyond Borders 5.Vibal Group,Inc., pp.54

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