Watar Lrah`ko

2 ssahuobn
ahuobnss
As tnbn aj tfa`pn qua oacasftks pkrk mraokr
jns `kjns dëlftns y nltaoar jns rasujtkbns
qua basaks

Krhaotfok – Cdfja – Cnjn`lfk – Aspkûk

Astkbns Qofbns
ofbn s – @æxf
æxfcn
cn – Warù – Qruhuky
ru huky – ]aoazuajk
]aoazuajk
Ràtujn nrfhfokj9 Mnur Sacnob
Sac nob s – Kjj tda Rf`a
Rf`a Vnu Oaab tn Stnp
S tnp Cnuota
Cn uotar-Wrnb
r-Wrnbuctfva
uctfva Dklfts kob Hat tda \asujts
Vnu Xkot

Abftnr nrfhfokj9 DkrparNoa – Ko F`prfot nm DkrparCnjjfosWuljfsdars, Oaw Vnre

Rrkbuccfóo9 Kjmnosn Lkrhuûn ]fkok

;.ª abfcfóo Nctulra <7;1

Cnpyrfhdt © <7;1 ly Watar Lrah`ko

Kjj \fhdts \asarvab

© <7;1 ba jk trkbuccfóo ly Kjmnosn Lkrhuûn ]fkok

© <7;1 ly Abf
Abfcfno
cfnoas
as Qrkon, S.K.
S.K.Q.
Q.

Krflku, ;2<, prkj. – 77473=

473= Lkrcajnok

www.a`praskkctfvk.cn`
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www.abfcfnoasurkon.cn`

Bapósftn
Ba pósftn Jahk
Jahkj9j9 L ;4<
;4<<<-<7;1
<<-<7;1

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AWQL9
QL9 684-42-66
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\asarvkbns tnbns jns baracdns. [uabk rfhurnsk`aota prndflfbk, sfo jk kutnrfzkcfóo ascrftk ba jns tftujkras baj
cnpyrfhdt, lkin jks skocfnoas astkljacfbks ao jks jayas, jk raprnbuccfóo pkrcfkj n tntkj ba astk nlrk pnr cukjqufar
`abfn n prncabf`faotn, focjufbns jk raprnhrkmàk y aj trktk`faotn fomnr`ëtfcn, ksà cn`n jk bfstrflucfóo ba aia`pjkras
`abfkota kjqufjar n præstk`n pùljfcn.
 Wkrk `k`ë
`k`ë y pkpë

Hrkcfks pnr k`kr`a,

pnr craar ao `à
y pnr kpnykr`a.
Ns qufarn.
 Cnotaofbn
Cnotaofbn
Wnrtkbfjjk
Wnrtkbfjjk
Cræbftns
Cræbftns
Babfcktnrfk
Babfcktnrfk
Fotrnbuccfóo
Fotrnbuccfóo
Wrf`ark pkrta9 Ck`lfk tus kutn`kutn`ktfs
ktfs`
`ns `aotkjas
;. Cuktrn
Cuktrn sahuobns
<. Wnr
Wnr quæ astkjjklk aj Wfot
Wfotnn
3. Aj kutæo
kutæotfcn
tfcn prnlj
p rnlja`
a`kk ba
ba Lyrno
2. @f
@f prf`ark cnomaraocfk ao RABx
1. Kj mfokj, mua `àn
=. Okbk
Okbk kyubó k `f cnbn ba taofstktaofstk
8. Rnbn
Rnbn as focraàlja
f ocraàlja y okbfa
okbfa astë
as të cnotaotn
4. Aj vkjnr ba lalar tæ tæ
6. Kotas
Kotas ba `atar aj ekyke ao aj khuk khuk
;7. Qok jaccfóo
jaccf óo baj rùtar
;;. Astn
Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn…
cukobn…
;<. «On tao
taohhn tfa`pn
tfa`pn pkrk paoskrµ
paoskrµ
;3. Cukobn
Cukobn bavnjvà
bavnjvà `f fWkb
;2.. Jk cjksa ba prf`
;2 prf`ar
ar cursn ba Bnrft
;1.. Aj bnlja ravæs ba Ckrjns
;1
;=.. Jns rëpfbns ba Dnusa
;= Dnusa \nce
;8.. Wnota prnk kj vfaotn
;8 vfaotn
Sahuobk pkrta9 Mnrtkjaca tus rajkcfnoas
;4. Qok jaccfóo ba `f suahrk
;6. Jn bfmàcfj a`pfazk baspuæs ba jk cnomaraocfk
<7. Jk baió cno uo `aoskia ba taxtn
<;. Cukobn
Cukobn taohk
taohk sataot
s ataotkk y sfata,
sf ata, qufarn sar cn`
cn`nn tù
<<. Qok jaccfóo ba `f `kbra
<3. Jk foavftklja `ujtk ba trëmfcn
<2. On ja acdas jk cujpk kj parrn
<1. Jks marrataràks on vaobao jacda
<=. Aj prf`ar
<8. Mua bàkjkrhn
uo pksa ba Snpdfk cno ofava mrasck
<4. Qok skjfbk ao mkjsn ta basckjfmfck
 <6. On sa trktk baj cdk`pù
37. Aj `ainr cu`pjakûns ba `f vfbk
3;. Qo ksfaotn hrktfs ba prf`ark cjksa
3<. Wnr quæ on kscaobfarno k Rf`
33. On
32. \a`njckobn aj cncda baj dfin baj vacfon

Rarcark pkrta9 Nptf`fzk

31. Jfbarkzhn tus dëlftns jklnrkjas
ba pajuquaràk
3=. Hanrha
Hanr ha Xksdfoh
Xksdfohtno
tno cnotrk
cnotrk jk
j k Supar Lnwj F
38. [uaikrsa cno quaifcks
34. Dklàk qua quftkr jks ruabks ba kpnyn
36. ¾Jfstn pkrk sar uo jàbar>
27. ¾Ba qufæo as aj `ærftn ba uok hrko pajàcujk>
2;. Aj cdam qua on jn aotaobàk
2<. Raohn ba`ksfkbks cnsks pnr dkcar
23. Aj bàk ao qua jns caotrns ba bfstrflucfóo astklko jjaons
22. On kpuastas qua hkokrës jk jntaràk
21. \no on pkrk ba dkljkr
2=. «Ba dacdn, dky kjhn qua…µ
28. Jjnrkr pnr uo rahkjn
24. On `a pfarbn okbk
26. Jk rahjk
rahjk baj On-WnwarWnfot
On-Wnwar Wnfot
17. Nbfko jns hufskotas, parn sa jns cn`ao cn`n sf jas aockotkrko
1;. Có`n Inrf parbfó bfacfsæfs efjns
Cnocjusfóo
Khrkbacf`faotns
FOR\NBQCCFÓO
Astklk lkikobn pnr jk ckjja Cukraotk y ncdn, ao aj caotrn ba @kodkttko, cukobn u
dn`lra, vastfbn cno uo luao trkia y uons zkpktns rajucfaotas, lfao pafokbn y cno u
`kjatào ba pfaj, `a rnzó kj pkskr`a. Juahn, ja vf hfrkr jk cklazk y ascupfr uo cdfcja.
@a mfiæ ao aj cdfcja pkrk on pfskrjn. Skjfó bfspkrkbn `ës n `aons k uo `atrn
mraota k `à, ralntó cnotrk uo ërlnj y juahn ckyó rnbkobn ao jk kcark. Sa batuvn iustn
balkin baj sfhufaota pksn qua bfn aj dn`lra, qua sfhufó ck`fokobn sfo bkrsa cuaotk
ba qua aj lrfjjkota cdfcja kzuj sa dklàk pahkbn k jk suajk ba su zkpktn.
@a raà ao vnz kjtk.
V juahn `a pusa k paoskr. ¾Cuëotks vacas ons ncurra jn `fs`n> ¾Cuëotks vacas
dkca`ns kjhn crayaobn qua as ao ouastrn laoamfcfn, parn qua kj mfokj sa quabk
pahkbn
pah kbn k jk suajk ba ouastrn zkpkt zkpktn,
n, cn`
cn`nn uo cd cdfcja>
fcja> ¾C
¾Cuuëo
ëotks
tks vacas ons
cn`pnrtk`ns ba uok `koark qua as cnotrkprnbucaota>
K vacas, as parmactk`aota nlvfn qua ouastrks kccfnoas vko ao cnotrk ba jns
nliatfvns qua lusck`ns, y pnr jn tkotn as mëcfj avftkrjks. @a axpjfckrno jk dfstnrfk
ba uok parsnok qua taoàk uo kjtn ckrhn ao uo lkocn ba Xkjj Straat. Fhukj qua aj
lkocn,
lko cn, sa dklàk aob
aobaub
aubkbn
kbn snlra`
snlra`ko
koark9
ark9 dklàk cn`
cn`prkbn
prkbn uo kpkrtk`ao
kpkrtk`aotn
tn `uy pnr
aocf`k ba sus pnsflfjfbkbas. Cukobn supn qua on flk k racflfr uok prf`k tk
cukotfnsk cn`n asparklk, krra`atfó cnotrk su iama, `kjbfcfæobnjn y baofhrëobnjn
aomraota ba ntrns a`pjakbns baj lkocn. Kdnrk sa dk quabkbn sfo prf`k y sfo trklkin.
Ao ntrks ncksfnoas, jk `koark ao qua ons sklntak`ns k onsntrns `fs`ns as `ës
sutfj, cn`n uok vaz qua jjahuæ tkrba pkrk caokr cno `f `uiar, Ajakonr. Dklàk`ns

quabkbn ao aj
parn jk rauo fóorastkurkota
rauofóo cno uo k jks sfata,
uokk cjfaotk y yk kjkrhkbn.
sa dklàk arko jks sfata y `abfk.
Kj jjahkr,
jjahkr, `a@a saotàk cujpklja,
bfscujpæ y ja bfia
qua on prataobàk jjahkr tkrba.
«Ouock prataobas jjahkr tkrbaµ, raspnobfó. Ckrk`lk. Astklk aomkbkbk.
«Jn sfaotn, ckrfûnµ, prntastæ, «parn ark f`pnstarhklja.µ Ja axpjfquæ pnr quæ
dklàk jjahkbn tkrba, bëobnja batkjjas snlra jk rauofóo cno jk cjfaotk, tkj vaz
axkharkobn uo pncn pkrk dkcarja aotaobar jn f`pnrtkota qua ark.
Warn, ao juhkr ba ckj`krjk, snjn cnosahuà a`panrkr jks cnsks. Kdnrk astklk
aomkbkbk y nmaobfbk.
Jn cukj, k su vaz, prnvncó qua yn `a aomkbkrk y qufsfark rakmfr`kr`a. «@frkµ,
cnotfouæ, «astny asmnrzëobn`a `ucdn ao aj trklkin.µ
Jk cnovarskcfóo mua bahaoarkobn k `abfbk qua rakccfnoëlk`ns k jks raspuastks
baj ntrn. Ao rakjfbkb, quaràk`ns jn `fs`n9 bfsmrutkr ba uok caok khrkbklja iuotns.
Warn ouastrks raspuastks aspnotëoaks snjn prnvnckrno qua ons aomraotërk`ns `ës,
qua ons sfotfærk`ns `ës sapkrkbns y qua ons aomkbërk`ns `ës. Wracfsk`aota, jn
cnotrkrfn ba jn qua prataobàk`ns.
Jk ckusk9 jks rakccfnoas cnot
cnotrkprnbucao
rkprnbucaotas
tas y vfscarkjas.
vfscar kjas.
Kj jjahkr tkrba, `f rakccfóo vfscarkj mua bkrja uok axpjfckcfóo. Jk rakccfó

vfscarkj ba Ajakonr
f`pkcfaocfk k `f axpjfckcfóo
mua aj aomkbn. mua mua
V jk bfscusfóo jk f`pkcfaocfk. @f rakccfóo
sulfaobn ba tnon vfscarkj k uo
pnrqua sahuàk`ns s
hufóo fostfotfvn y `acëofcn, pnr `uy foamfckz qua muark.
Jóhfck`aota, yn on prataobàk pnoar`a k bfscutfr cno Ajakonr. Ba dacdn, sf ja bf
uok axpjfckcfóo pnr `f ratrksn ark pkrk qua on ons pajaërk`ns. Warn, k mfo ba
cuaotks, `f luaok fotaocfóo on flk k krrahjkr jks cnsks. Jn f`pnrtkota ark qua `f
kccfóo ‒axpjfckr pnr quæ `a dklàk ratrkskbn‒ dklàk kmactkbn k Ajakonr. V ark
avfbaota qua on ja dklàk kyubkbn `ucdn. Lësfck`aota, dklàk ascupfbn aj cdfcja y
kcklklkk ba pfskrjn.
kcklkl

Cukobn jks luaoks parsnoks tfaoao `kjns dëlftns

Jns nliatfvns lësfcns qua tnbns quara`ns ‒rajkcfnoas sktfsmkctnrfks, jnhrns ba jns
qua aonrhujjacarons, æxftn ao aj trklkin, kyubkr k jns ba`ës, taoar jk `aota ao pkz‒
sno snrpraobaota`aota mëcfjas ba cnosahufr. Warn, ao `ucdns cksns, ouastrns `ainras
asmuarzns pkrk cnosahufrjns sa muobk`aotko ao dëlftns y cnobuctks qua, bfcdn a
pncks pkjklrks,
pkjklrks , on
on mu
muoocfnoko.
cfnoko.
Cukobn ons saotf`ns khnlfkbns y astraskbns pnr uok jfstk ba tkraks ckbk vaz `ës
jkrhk, ouastrk rakccfóo vfscarkj as trklkikr `ës dnrks y ckrhkrjks cno `ës trklkin.
Dkca`ns vkrfks tkraks k jk vaz, vnjk`ns ba uok rauofóo k ntrk, aovfk`ns cnrrans
ajactróofcns pnr balkin ba jk `ask ba rauofnoas y ons javkotk`ns `ës prnotn y ons
kcnstk`ns `ës tkrba pkrk trklkikr `ës. Ouastrk fotaocfóo as rabucfr aj astræs y jk
snlrackrhk ba trklkin. Warn ouastrks kccfnoas tfaoao, pracfsk`aota, aj amactn
cnotrkrfn9 kcklk`ns `ës astraskbns y cno `ës trklkin.
N tkj vaz bacf`ns kjhn qua craa`ns qua f`prasfnokrë pnsftfvk`aota k jk ntrk
parsnok, parn, ao rakjfbkb,
rakj fbkb, jjnn qua prnvnck`
prnvnck`ns
ns as racdkz
racdkzn.
n. N quara`
quara`ns
ns kyubkr
kyubkr k uok
k`fhk, parn, ba kjhuok mnr`k, ja dkca`ns saotfr panr. Bk`ns uok kraohk k jns
`fa`lrns ba ouastrn aqufpn, parn, sfo sklar pnr quæ, jns baskof`k`ns.
V sfa`pra ons quabk`ns parpjains. ¾[uæ dk pkskbn>, ons prahuotk`ns. Jk

cnosacuaocfk as qua juahn

rakccfnoas vfscarkjas qua onons
dkopksk`ns bàks
taofbn aj fotaotkobn
amactn rapkrkr
basakbn. aj bkûn ba
@kjhkstk`ns astks
fomfoftks
dnrks y `ucdk aoarhàk paoskobn ao jn qua da`ns bfcdn, dkljkobn cno jns ba`ës
snlra có`n jfbfk`ns cno uok sftukcfóo, pjkoakobn ouastrn próxf`n `nvf`faotn, y tkj
vaz focjusn bkobn uo rnban dkstk aj lkûn pkrk on cruzkrons cno kjhufao qua, sf
quarar, da`ns nmaobfbn ao aj pksfjjn.

Cuktrn sahuobns pkrk `ainrkr ouastrns dëlftns

Warn taohn luaoks ontfcfks9 on as bfmàcfj snjucfnokr asta prnlja`k. Ba dacdn, tnbn jn
qua oacasftks sno cuktrn sahuobns. Cuktrn sahuobns as aj tfa`pn qua sa raqufara
pkrk raspfrkr
raspf rkr dnobn.
nobn. Astk lrava pkusk
pkusk as tnbn jn qu
quaa oacasftks pkrk bkrta cuao
cuaotk
tk ba
bóoba ta astës aqufvnckobn y ck`lfkr ba bfraccfóo uo pncn.
V rakj`aota qufarn bacfr uo pncn. Jks kjtaroktfvks qua vny k suharfrta ao jks
sfhufaotas pëhfoks sno focraàlja`aota mëcfjas. Ra prnpnrcfnokrëo jns rasujtkbns qua
qufaras y on balarës `krakr jk parbfz fockosklja`aota. Sno mnr`ks ba paoskr, ba
dkljkr y ba kctukr ‒mnr`ks ba sar‒ `ës saocfjjks qua jns cn`pnrtk`faotns qua dks
kpjfckbn dkstk kdnrk y `ucdn `ës amfckcas. \aqufarao `aons tfa`pn y aoarhàk. Ra
kyubko k sar dfparprnbuctfvn sfo taoar qua sar dàpar.
Ao `f kotarfnr jflrn, ;4 `foutns9 Aocuaotra su mncn, cnotrnja jks bfstrkccfnoas y
cnosfhk dkcar jn rakj`aota f`pnrtkota , prnpnoàk uok mnr`k ba cnocaotrkrsa `ainr y
nrhkofzkr aj bàk kjrababnr ba jn `ës f`pnrtkota. Ra pabàk qua muarks astrktæhfcn y
cnoscfaota ba jn qua dkcàks.
Ao 2 sahuobns, ta aosaûkræ k sar astrktæhfcn y cnoscfaota ‒k jk vajncfbkb ba jk
juz‒ ba có`n dkcas jks cnsks. ;4 `foutns ta kyubklk k cnocaotrkrta ao jns
nliatfvns f`pnrtkotas. 2 sahuobns ta kyubkrë k skckr aj `ëxf`n pkrtfbn ba astk
cnocaotrkcfóo.
Baspuæs ba tnbn, on as sumfcfaota cno nrhkofzkrta aj tfa`pn ba mnr`k axcajaota9
tk`lfæo tfaoas qua utfjfzkrjn ba mnr`k axcajaota. Có`n kctùas burkota astks dnrks
batar`fokrë tu æxftn9 có`n nrhkofzks tu `aota, có`n ta rajkcfnoks cno jns ba`ës,
có`n dkljks y kctùks ao aj trklkin y cno tu aqufpn. Aj prnpósftn on as snjn
snlravfvfr k uok vfbk kiatrakbk, sfon skckr aj `ëxf`n pkrtfbn ba tus asmuarzns y
rajkcfnoas parsnokjas.
Kpraobarës k raa`pjkzkr rakccfnoas vfscarkjas, qua dkcao parbar tfa`pn y
aoarhàk, pnr ouavns dëlftns y cn`pnrtk`faotns qua kdnrrko tfa`pn, rackrhk
aoarhàks y sno prnbuctfvns. Ao asta `uobn qua sa `uava k pksns khfhkotkbns,
kpraobarës ouavks mnr`ks ba vfvfr, trklkikr y rajkcfnokrta qua ta bkrëo pkz y
rasujtkbns.

Dk okcfbn uo ouavn dëlftn

¾Ao quæ pnbàk dklar ck`lfkbn `f kctftub cukobn jjahuæ tkrba pkrk, ao juhkr ba
pajakrons, bfsmrut
bfsmrutkr
kr baj vkjfns
vkjfnsnn tfa`
tfa`pn
pn qu
quaa flk k pkskr cno `f `uiar> @a pnbàk
dklar tn`kbn cuktrn sahuobns ‒tfa`pn sumfcfaota pkrk raspfrkr dnobn, ckj`kr`a,
ck`lfkr ba parspactfvk‒, rasfstfr jk taotkcfóo ba axpjfckr `f ratrksn y racnoncar
qua Ajakonr `a dklàk astkbn asparkobn9
«Bfscùjpk`a pnr dklar jjahkbn tkrba. @a dks astkbn asparkobn saotkbk kquà
burkotaa `abfk dnrk y as kjhn mrustrkota.
burkot mrustrkota. V ssææ qua on as jk prf
prf``ark vaz. @a bny cuao
cuaotk
tk

ba rqua
ba raspatnpkraca
aspatn k tuqua
tfa`astkr
pn y cno
tfa`pn sf
sfaotuo
aotn
n` cjfaota
`ucd `a bk baracdn
ucdnn dklarta k jjahkr
dacdn aspa
asparkr
rkr tkotkrba.
tkotn Astn as uok mkjtk
tn rktnµ.
As `ës mëcfj bacfr astn qua dkcarjn. @f rakccfóo vfscarkj, fotuftfvk, ramjaik, as
ustfmfckr `f ratrksn ao juhkr ba racnoncar jns saotf`faotns ba `f `uiar. @ a dkca
saotfr `ainr, puastn qua on as `f cujpk dklar jjahkbn tkrba9 axfsta uok rkzóo
aspacàmfck. Warn jk raspuastk fotuftfvk as cnotrkprnbucaota. Kuoqua k `à `a dkca
saotfr `ainr, k Ajakonr ‒qua dk astkbn asparëobn`a‒ ja dkca saotfr panr. \amuarzk
jk saoskcfóo ba qua muark jn qua muasa jn qua `a dfzn jjahkr tkrba ark cjkrk`aota `ës
f`pnrtkota qua ajjk. V ksà, sfo of sfqufark bkr`a cuaotk, ouastrk khrkbklja caok sa
dklàk
dkl àk ffbn
bn kj hkrata.
Wnr ntrn jkbn, paoskr ao có`n `f ratrksn dk kmactkbn k Ajakonr y prascfobfr ba
axpjfckcfnoas, kuoqua on sfhk uok ckbaok jóhfck, ja dkca saotfr `ainr. Jk rkzóo as
qua ja ba`uastrn qua pfaosn ao ajjk. V kb`ftn qua on dky ofohuok luaok axpjfckcfóo
pkrk dkcarjk asparkr. Ksà, skjvnskj vn oouuastrk kh
khrkbklja
rkbklja caok.
V dk okcfbn uo ouavn dëlftn. Cukobn jjahn tkrba, `f rakccfóo vfscarkj sfhua
sfaobn ashrf`fr uok bfscujpk, parn on iustfmfcn pnr quæ da jjahkbn tkrba of bny uok
axcusk. Ao juhkr ba astn, `a dkhn ckrhn ba qua jk ntrk parsnok `a dk astkbn
asparkobn.
Dky, kba`ës, ntrk vaotkik cno asta ouavn dëlftn9 yk on jjahn tkrba tko
mracuaota`aota. Axpjfckrja k Ajakonr có`n ja kmactk `f ratrksn `a dfzn ck`lfkr ba
mnr`k `ës haoarkj. [ufarn vkjnrkr su tfa`pn n aj ba cukjqufar ntrk parsnok. V on
qufarn qua sa sfaotko mrustrkbns. Ba kjhuok mnr`k, racnoncar y kb`ftfr k Ajakonr
có`n `f cn`pnrtk`faotn ja kmactklk `a dfzn cnosfbarkr `f cn`pnrtk`faotn ba
`koark bfmaraota. Ao ntrks pkjklrks, `f ouavk raspuastk kutn`ëtfck cukobn jjahn
tkrba on snjn dk ` `ainr
ainrkbn
kbn `f rarajkcf
jkcfóoóo cno Ajakonr, sfon qua tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo dk ``ainr
ainrkbn
kbn `f
cn`pnrtk`faotn ao haoarkj.
Asta as aj pnbar ba uo dëlftn prnbuctfvn.
Warn `nbfmfckr ouastrns dëlftns on as kjhn mëcfj. Ouastrks raspuastks fotuftfvks
sno, pnr bamfofcfóo, fotuftfvks. Sno dëlftns qua cnosfbark`ns okturkjas y qua sn
bfmàcfjas ba ck`lfkr. Focjusn sf on muocfnoko, cnomfk`ns ao ajjns, pnrqua as jn qua
cnonca`ns. Cukobn taoa`ns qua dkcar mraota k uok sftukcfóo, as ouastrk mnr`k ba
rakccfnokr. Cnoncar uok raspuastk kutn`ëtfck ouavk y amactfvk as dklar hkokbn
`abfk lktkjjk. Jk ntrk `abfk as utfjfzkrjk ao uo `n`aotn ba astræs. Da ascrftn 2
sahuobns pkrk kyubkrta ao k`lns prncasns.
Ao jk Wrf`ark pkrta, «Ck`lfk tus kutn`ktfs`ns `aotkjasµ, kpraobarës k ratn`kr
aj cnotrnj snlra tu cn`pnrtk`faotn y tus kccfnoas ‒k cnrtn y jkrhn pjkzn‒ pkrk qua
sfrvko k tus fotarasas, ta jjavao dkcfk tus nliatfvns y ta dkhko majfz. Kpraobarës k

cnotrnjkr
cnosains batusjk f`pujsns y taotkcfnoas.
Wrf`ark pkrta ta kyubkrëoRak qua
vnjvarës
taohks`ës ckj`kbn
jns pfas ao jk ytfarrk.
trkoqufjn. Jns
Ao jk Sahuobk pkrta, «Mnrtkjaca tus rajkcfnoasµ, `ainrkrës tu ckpkcfbkb pkrk
hastfnokr a`ncfnoas bfmàcfjas ‒jks tuyks y jks ba ntrns‒ y ta cnovartfrës ao u
axpartn ao rakccfnokr y raspnobar prnbuctfvk`aota ao sftukcfnoas y cnovarskcfnoas
bfmàcfjas. Jns cnosains ba jk Sahuobk pkrta ta kyubkrëo k rajkcfnokrta `ainr cn
kquajjns qua ta rnbako.
Ao jk Rarcark pkrta, «Nptf`fzk tus dëlftns jklnrkjasµ, kpraobarës k trklkikr ‒y
jfbarkr‒ ba uok `koark qua fospfra `ntfvkcfóo, jakjtkb y cn`prn`fsn k qufaoas ta
rnbako. Avftkrës cukjqufar taobaocfk qua kjfaoa k tus cn`pkûarns n qua focfta
aomraotk`faotn. Ao juhkr ba astn, kjaotkrës jk `ntfvkcfóo, aj pnsftfvfs`n y jk
cnjklnrkcfóo. Jns cnosains ba jk Rarcark pkrta ta kyubkrëo k jfbarkr cno vkjaotàk y
raspnosklfjfbkb, y nltao
nltaobrës
brës rasujtkbns.
Kjlarhn jk asparkozk ba qua 2 sahuobns ta kyuba k suparkr tnbns kquajjns
cn`pnrtk`faotns y dëlftns pariubfcfkjas. Kuoqua tkj vaz on baskpkrazcko
cn`pjatk`aota tus f`pujsns cnotrkprnbucaotas, asparn qua jns cnosains ba astks
pëhfoks
pëh foks ta ky
kyub
ubaoao k cno
cnotrnjkrjns
trnjkrjns y k baskrrnj
baskrrnjjkr
jkr ouavns dëlftns ququaa mkvnraz
mkvnrazcko
cko jjns
ns
nliatfvns qua rakj`aota qufaras, pkrk qua taohks jns rasujtkbns qua luscks. Jk
ckotfbkb ba tfa`pn qua kdnrrkrës tn`kobn jks bacfsfnoas cnrractks as
focno`aosurklja. Aj f`pkctn pnsftfvn ‒ao tu vfbk, ao tus rajkcfnoas parsnokjas y a
tu trklkin‒ sarë foastf`klja.
Snjn puabn supnoar qua aj tfpn cno aj cdfcja ao jk suajk baj zkpktn kùo on sa dk
bkbn cuaotk. Wrnlklja`aota, tnbkvàk astæ baikobn uok astajk pahkinsk y kzuj k s
pksn. Warn tù onon tfaoas
tfaoas pnr quæ.
 W\F@A\K WK\RA
Ck`lfk tus kutn`ktfs`ns `aotkjas
 ....
n `a rasujtklk mëcfj saotkr`a k ascrflfr. Jns nlstëcujns on arko màsfcns9 yn ark
parmactk`aot
parmactk` aotaa ckpkz ba saotkr`a k ascrflfr. Jns nlstëcujns ‒cn`n jk `kynràk ba
jns nlstëcujns qua ons f`pfbao jnhrkr kquajjn qua ons f`pnrtk‒ arko `aotkjas.
Astklk khnlfkbn, paobfaota ba dkcar uo `notóo ba cnsks urhaotas, ba `nbn qua
saotkr`a k ascrflfr cksf `a pkracàk baikr`a jjavkr pnr jk fobujhaocfk. Aj baskmàn ba
jk ascrfturk sfa`pra tfaoba k pnspnoarsa, focjusn cukobn sa tfaoao jks `ainras
cnobfcfnoas, y kquajjk `kûkok yn flk ba uo jkbn k ntrn y astklk astraskbn pnr aj
prnlja`kk ba uo cjfaota, bns cfrcuo
prnlja` cfrcuostko
stkocfks
cfks qu
quaa on sa cn`
cn`pkh
pkhfoko
foko lfao cno jk
bfspnsfcfóo pkuskbk y ramjaxfvk qua axfha jk ascrfturk.
Warn, cnotrk tnbn prnoóstfcn, kjjà astklk mfokj`aota trktkobn ba cnocaotrkr`a pkrk
ascrflfr.
Kcklklk ba tacjakr jk prf`ark mrksa cukobn jk puartk sa klrfó ba hnjpa y `f dfik
Snpdfk, qua taoàk sfata kûns aotnocas, aotró k tnbk prfsk.
«¡Jkk cnc
«¡J cncfok
fok as
astë
të fou
fouobkbk!µ,
obkbk!µ, hrftó. «¡Sncnrr
«¡Sncnrrn!µ
n!µ
¾Ao sarfn> Kj pkracar, Bkofaj, su dar`kon ba cfocn kûns, sa dklàk njvfbkbn ba
carrkr aj hrfmn baspuæs ba jjaokr uo vksn ba khuk. ]kyk.
@f rakccfóo vfscarkj cnosfstàk ao snjtkr cuktrn hrftns k Bkofaj y Snpdfk. A`pacæ k
saotfr uok njakbk ba frk y có`n sa `a taosklko jns `ùscujns. Ao kquaj `n`aotn,
snjtkrjas cuktrn
cuktrn hrftns pkracàk iiuustfmfckbn y kprnpfkbn.
Warn `a ckj`æ uo `n`aotn. \aspfræ dnobn. Cuktrn sahuobns.
Asn mua jn `ës bfmàcfj qua dfca ao tnbn aj bàk. Ao prfocfpfn, raspfrkr as mëcfj. Warn
¾ckj`krsa uons sahuobns pkrk raspfrkr cukobn astës ao `abfn ba uo durkcëo ba
a`ncfnoas> ¾Iustn cukobn ta sfaotas mrustrkbn, aomkbkbn, ckoskbn y prancupkbn> On,
asn on as tko mëcfj.
Rn`krsa kquajjns cuktrn sahuobns ‒y taoar jk cjkrfbkb `aotkj pkrk dkcarjn‒ as
aj prf`ar pksn pkrk sklntakr ouastrks rakccfnoas vfscarkjas9 aj prf`ar pksn pkrk
tn`kr jk bacfsfóo fotajfhaota qua oacasftk`ns ao kquaj `n`aotn.
Ao jky jn
sfaotas prf`ark pkrta, kpraobarës
qua dkcas‒ k ckj`krtafotajfhaotas
y k tn`kr bacfsfnoas ‒k crakr yuorëpfbks
aspkcfn
quaaotra jn quak
ta kyubao
jnhrkr jns rasujtkbns qua qufaras. Jns sfhufaotas ckpàtujns ta `nstrkrëo có`n
aocnotrkr asta aspkcfn, ramnrzkrjn y sar cnoscfaota ba quæ as jn qua ncurra kjjà. Warn
jn `ës f`pnrtkota as qua ta kyubkrëo k basckrtkr jns dëlftns `aotkjas
cnotrkprnbucaotas qua nlstkcujfzko tu ck`fon y sustftufrjns pnr ntrns qua sak
prnbuctfvns.
prnbuctfvns. Basculrfr
Basculrfrës
ës cnsks cn`
cn`n9n9

• pnr quæ sucu`lf

sucu`lfrr k jk
jk taotkcfóo
taotkcfóo as asaocf
asaocfkj
kj pkrk su
suparkrj
parkrjk5
k5
• pnr qu
quææ mfikrs
mfikrsaa `atks
`atks puaba
puaba `ar`kr
`ar`kr tu raobf
raobf`f
`faotn
aotn55
• pnr quæ basfovnjucrkrta astrktæhfck`aota puaba kyubkrta k racuparkr jk cnocaotrkcfóo y jk
muarzk ba vnjuotkb5
• pnr quæ on dkcar kl klsnj
snjutk`aota
utk`aota okbk
okbk puaba rasnj
rasnjvar jns
jns prnlja`ks
prnlja`ks `ës bfmàcf
bfmàcfjjas, y
• pnr quæ hhrko
rko pkrta ba
ba ouastrn
ouastrn astræs jn ckusko sucasns
sucasns ba cnosacuaocf
cnosacuaocfks
ks `àof`ks
`àof`ks y pnr
pnr
quæ ck`lfkr jks axpactktfvks ‒jk rakjfbkb on axtarok‒ as jk cjkva baj æxftn.

Asparn qua jns cnosains ba jns sfhufaotas ckpàtujns ta kyubao k cnotrnjkr jns
f`pujsns y jks taotkcfnoas, y qua puabks kbnptkr dëlftns `aotkjas qua ta
prnpnrcfnoao uok vfbk `ës
`ës prnbuct
prnbuctfvk,
fvk, ckj`
ckj`kbk
kbk y snsahkbk.
 ;

Cuktrn
Cuktrn sa
sahu
huobns
obns

Cëj`kta.
Cëj`k
Sfhua ta. \aspfrk.
aj ck`fon cnrractn

Kquajjk `kûkok, cn`n tnbks jks ba`ës, `a saotæ cruzkobn jks pfaroks snlra uo cnià
qua pusa ao aj suajn, pnsæ jks `kons snlra jks rnbfjjks, carræ jns nins y burkota
vafota `fou
`foutns
tns on dfca `ës qua ras
raspfr
pfrkr.
kr.
@ucdns bfcao qua jn `ës bfmàcfj ba jk `abftkcfóo as aocnotrkr tfa`pn pkrk
`abftkr, y on jas mkjtk rkzóo. ¾[ufæo tfaoa tfa`pn dny ao bàk pkrk on dkcar okbk> As
bfmàcfj iustfmfckrjn.
Jk `abftkcfóo ons prnpnrcfnok `ucdns laoamfcfns9 ons ravftkjfzk, ons kyubk k
astkr prasaotas ao jn qua dkca`ns, ons dkca `ës sklfns y `ës k`kljas, ons kyubk k
hastfnokr uo `uobn qua ons snlrackrhk ba fomnr`kcfóo y cn`uofckcfóo, y `ucdks
cnsks `ës. Warn sf tnbkvàk luscks uo krhu`aotn ba àobnja acnoó`fck pkrk babfckr
tfa`pn k jk `abftkcfóo, kpùotkta asta9 jk `abftkcfóo ta dkca `ës prnbuctfvn.
¾Có`n> Kyubëobnta k ku`aotkr jk ckpkcfbkb pkrk rasfstfr jks taotktfvks ba
bfstrkccfóo.
Jks fovastfhkcfnoas dko ba`nstrkbn qua jk ckpkcfbkb pkrk rasfstfrsa k jks
bfstrkccfnoas `ainrk jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas, ku`aotk jk mfklfjfbkb y `ainrk t
raobf`faotn.; Sf puabas rasfstfrta k ajjks, tn`krës bacfsfnoas `ës ramjaxfvks. Sarës
raobf`faotn.;
`ës cnoscfaota ba jn qua bfcas y ba có`n jn bfcas. Waoskrës ao jks cnosacuaocfks ba
tus kccfnoas kotas ba sumrfrjks.
Jk ckpkcfbkb ba rasfstfr uo f`pujsn batar`fok aj æxftn pkrk kpraobar uo ouavn
cn`pnrtk`faotn n ck`lfkr uo vfain dëlftn. Sahurk`aota, as jk dklfjfbkb sfohujkr
`ës f`pnrtkota pkrk ouastrn baskrrnjjn y cracf`faotn.
V rasujtk qua as uok ba jks cnsks qua ons aosaûk jk `abftkcfóo. Rk`lfæo as uok
ba jks `ës bfmàcfjas ba kpraobar.
Cukobn `a saotæ k `abftkr ask `kûkok, rajkiëobn`a ckbk vaz uo pncn `ës cn
ckbk aspfrkcfóo,vkcàk
cn`pjatk`aota `fs ba
prancupkcfnoas sa prancupklk
tnbn jn qua `a muarno asmu`kobn.
kotas ba@f `aota ksa`abftkr.
a`pazkr quabó
Rnbn, axcaptn aj rft`n ba `f raspfrkcfóo. @f cuarpn sa saotàk majfz y yn astklk ao
pkz.
Burkota uons cuktrn sahuobns.
As aj tfa`pn oacaskrfn pkrk raspfrkr dnobn. V cno jk raspfrkcfóo, `a fouobkrno
jns paosk`faotns. Ao uo `n`aotn bkbn, `a pfcó jk ckrk y qufsa rkscër`ajk. Sa `a
ncurrfó uo tàtujn haofkj pkrk `f sfhufaota jflrn y qufsa ascrflfrjn kotas ba njvfbkrjn.
Cn`n `àof`n, paosæ ao cuktrn jjk`kbks ba tajæmnon qua quaràk dkcar y ao uok

cnovarskcfóo cn`pjfckbk
k kohustfkr pnrqua qua snjn
sklàk qua balàkflk
kmrnotkr
k taoar`ës tkrba
uoks kquaj
pncks `fs`n
dnrks pkrkbàk. @a a`pacæ
ascrflfr. ¾[uæ
astklk dkcfaobn kjjà saotkbn> [uaràk klrfr jns nins y `frkr cuëotn tfa`pn `a
quabklk. Nà k `fs dfins pajakrsa ao jk dklftkcfóo ba kj jkbn y qufsa fotarvaofr.
Da kquà aj paosk`faotn cjkva9 quaràk dkcar tnbks astks cnsks, parn on jks dfca.
Ckbk vaz qua taoàk uon ba astns paosk`faotns, vnjvàk k cnocaotrkr`a ao jk
raspfrkcfóo.
Wnrqua sf cuktrn sahuobns as tnbn jn qua sa oacasftk pkrk parbar jk cnocaotrkcfóo,
as tk`lfæo tnbn jn qua sa oacasftk pkrk racuparkrjk. Cuktrn sahuobns ‒uok
raspfrkcfóo‒ as tnbn jn qua oacasftks pkrk avftkr jks rakccfnoas vfscarkjas y
cnotrkprnbucaotas. V cuktrn sahuobns as jn qua oacasftks pkrk tn`kr uok bacfsfóo
`ës cnoscfaota y astrktæhfck cno jk qua sak `ës prnlklja cnosahufr jn qua qufaras.
K vacas, o n jjavkr k ckln kjhn qua qufaras dkcar as uo prnlja`k, cn`n on
ascrflfr uok prnpuastk qua dks astkbn pnspnofaobn n on taoar ask cnovarskcfó
cn`pjfckbk qua dks astkbn avftkobn.
Warn, ntrks vacas, aj prnlja`k as qua sà qua jjavks k ckln kjhn qua on qufaras
dkcar, cn`n dkljkr ao juhkr ba ascucdkr n utfjfzkr tëctfcks ao juhkr ba astkr pnr
aocf`k ba ajjks.
Jk `abftkcfóo ons aosaûk k rasfstfrons k astks kccfnoas cnotrkprnbucaotas.
@ës kbajkota, axpnobræ qua as `ës saocfjjn y `ës sahurn crakr uo aotnron qua
mkcfjfta tus `atks qua bapaobar ba jk muarzk ba vnjuotkb, parn k vacas as oacaskrfn
cnomfkr ao aj sf`pja y yk cnoncfbn kutncnotrnj.
Wnr aia`pjn, aj kutncnotrnj as ùtfj cukobn uo a`pjakbn dk cn`atfbn uo arrnr y tù
qufaras hrftkrja, kuo sklfaobn qua as `ainr ‒pkrk æj y pkrk jk `nrkj baj hrupn‒
dkcarja kjhuoks prahuotks y bfscutfr jk cuastfóo ba mnr`k cfvfjfzkbk y rkcfnokj. N
cukobn qufaras bacfr kjhn sfo paoskr ao uok rauofóo, kuoqua sklas qua jn
cnovaofaota as ascucdkr. N cukobn qufaras cn`prkr n vaobar kccfnoas lksëobnta ao
tus a`ncfnoas, k paskr ba qua jns prfocfpfns lësfcns y jks fovastfhkcfnoas kpuotko k
uo cn`pnrtk`faotn bfmaraota. N cukobn qufaras `frkr aj cnrran ajactróofcn ckbk tras
`foutns, ao juhkr ba cnocaotrkrta ao jn qua astës dkcfaobn ao asa `n`aotn.
Ckbk vaz qua `abftks ta astkrës ba`nstrkobn qua jk taotkcfóo as snjn uok
suharaocfk. Rù tfaoas aj cnotrnj.
¾Sfhofmfck astn qua ouock balas prastkr ktaocfóo k jks oacasfbkbas fo`abfktks>
Cjkrn qua on. Jks oacasfbkbas ons bko fomnr`kcfóo vkjfnsk. Raoar dk`lra as uo
luao
luao fobfcfn ba qu
quaa balas cn`
cn`ar.
ar. Warn tk`lfæo
tk`lfæo pu
puaba
aba sar uo fobfcfn ba qua
qua astës
klurrfbn n ba qua astës jfbfkobn cno uok tkrak cn`pjfckbk. Jk `abftkcfóo ta kyubk k
taoar pnbar snlra jks oacasfbkbas, ba mnr`k qua puabks tn`kr bacfsfnoas
cnoKsà
cnoscfaotas
scfaotas snlra quæ
qua ¾có`n jjavkrSfkastës
dkcarjn> cklna`pazkobn,
y quæ
quæ baikr pkskr.
prncurk qua sak `uy saocfjjn.
Sfæotkta cno jk aspkjbk ractk pkrk qua puabks raspfrkr cno cn`nbfbkb ‒ao uok
sfjjk, n snlra uo cniào ao aj suajn‒ y pno uo ta`pnrfzkbnr cno jns `foutns qua
qufarks `abftkr. Cukobn a`pfacao k cnrrar jns `foutns, cfarrk jns nins, rajëikta y
`uævata snjn pkrk raspfrkr, dkstk qua sa kckla aj tfa`pn. Cnocæotrkta ao jk
fospfrkcfóo y ao jk aspfrkcfóo. Ckbk vaz qua taohks uo paosk`faotn n uok oacasfbkb,
sæ cnoscfaota ba ajjk y vuajva k cnocaotrkrta ao jk raspfrkcfóo.
Asn as tnbn. Saocfjjn, parn axfhaota. Wruælkjn ‒dny‒ burkota cfocn `foutns. V

pruælkjn tk`lfæo
tk`
¾V sf on lfæo cfocn
tfaoas c`kûkok.
`focn
kûkok.
`
`fou
foutns>
tns> Wuas pruælkjn cuktrn sahu
sahuobns.
obns.

Qok pkusk ba cuktrn sahuobns ‒aj tfa`pn oacaskrfn pkrk fospfrkr y aspfrkr‒ puaba sar sumfcfaota
pk
pkrk
rk sus
sustftuf
tftufrr uo
uokk `k
`kjk
jk bacfs fóo pnr ntrk `
`ës
ës fotajfha ota.

....
; Jk fovastfhkcfóo sa lksk ao aj cnoncfbn axparf`aotn ba jk oula ba kjhnbóo qua Xkjtar @fscdaj, uo prnmasnr ba jk
Qofvarsfbkb ba Stkomnrb, jjavó k ckln cno ofûns ba cuktrn kûns9
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kbujtdnnbµ, Wsycd
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Sdnbk, y @. J. \nbràhuaz, «Bajky nm hrktfmfcktfno fo cdfjbraoµ, Scfaoca <22 (;646)9 633-345 y V. Sdnbk, X.
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Wnr quæ astkjjklk

astkjjklk aj Wfotn

jksWfaosk
`atksbns
quavacas
ta mfiks
m fiks

«¡Snpdfk, Bkofaj, Fsklajja!µ, hrftæ k `fs tras dfins qua astklko iuhkobn ao s
dklftkcfóo. «Aj kutnlùs pkrk fr kj cnjahfn jjahk ao bfaz `foutns. ¡K var qufæo sa
capfjjk jns bfaotas y sa pjkotk ao jk puartk aj prf`arn!µ
Sa klkjkozkrno kj lkûn, rfaobn. Bns `foutns baspuæs, Bkofaj ark aj prf`arn, cn
Snpdfk pfsëobnja jns tkjnoas, a Fsklajja jk tarcark. Snoraà pnr astk vfctnrfk. Dklàk
jnhrkbn `f nliatfvn ba qua astuvfarko ao jk puartk cno jns bfaotas capfjjkbns ao u
tfa`pn ræcnrb.
¾Sahurn>
Sà, astklko ao jk puartk k tfa`pn, ba asn on dklàk bubk. Warn dklarjn dacdn a
snjn bns `foutns sfhofmfcklk qua on sa dklràko capfjjkbn `uy lfao jns bfaotas,
sahurn qua on dklràko utfjfzkbn aj dfjn baotkj y aj lkûn dklràk quabkbn dacdn u
baskstra.
Rnbns skla`ns jn f`pnrtkota qua as taoar nliatfvns, ¾varbkb> V on cukjqufar
nliatfvn, sfon nliatfvns k`lfcfnsns. Hrkobas @atks Kubkcas (n, cn`n jn cnoncao
jns axpartns ao fohjæs, LDKH, Lfh Dkfry Kubkcfnus Hnkjs).
Rfaoaksaotfbn9
jjahkrës ofohuoksfpkrta.
on sklas cnopnoas
V sf on cjkrfbkb dkcfkkjtn,
aj jfstóo bóoba ta bfrfhas,
ouock aotnocas ouock
pnbrës kprnvacdkr tnbn
tu pntaocfkj
pntaocfkj..
Mfikrsa `atks as uok cuastfóo ba saotfbn cn`ùo ao aj `uobn ba jns oahncfns, y
astë sustaotkbk pnr `ucdks fovastfhkcfnoas. Cn`n kquaj astubfn qua sa dfzn ao jk
prn`ncfóo
prn` ncfóo ba @LK ba Dkrvkrb ba ;686, baj qu quaa tkj vaz ddkyks
kyks nàbn dkljkr9 snjn uo
3% ba jns hrkbukbns ascrflfarno sus nliatfvns ba mnr`k cjkrk. Bfaz kûns baspuæs,
asta 3% hkoklk `ës bfoarn qua aj rastn ba jk cjksa iuotk. Cnovfocaota, ¾on>
Jn saràk, sf muark varbkb. Warn on jn as. Asta astubfn on axfsta. As uok sf`pja

jayaobk urlkok.
As snjn uok dfstnrfk aohkûnsk `ës. Cuastfnokr jk cnovaofaocfk ba mfikrsa `atks
k`lfcfnsks as cn`n cuastfnokr jns `fs`ns muobk`aotns ba jk cfaocfk a`praskrfkj.
Wnbràk`ns bfscutfr quæ `atks mfikr, n có`n mfikrjks, parn ¾qufæo bfscutfràk sf sa
balao mfikr `atks>
Wuas rasujtk qua k `à `a hustkràk dkcarjn.
On as qua
qua jks `atks, pnr sà `fs`ks, sako oah
oahktfvks.
ktfvks. As snjn qu
quaa cno
cnojjavko
jjavko uok
sarfa ba amactns sacuobkrfns qua kpuotko k qua astkràk`ns `ainr sfo ajjks.
Jns kutnras ba uok fovastfhkcfóo ba jk Ascuajk ba Oahncfns ba Dkrvkrb, «Hnkjs

Hnoa Xfjbµ UJks `atks sa vuajvao jncksP.< jncksP. < Cn`pkrkrno vkrfns astubfns
rajkcfnokbns cno jks `atks y cnocjuyarno qua jks vaotkiks ba mfikrsa `atks sa dk
axkharkbn y jns focnovaofaotas, aj «pariufcfn sfsta`ëtfcn pnr mfikrsa `atksµ, sa dk
pkskbn pnr kjtn.
Fbaotfmfckrno amactns sacuobkrfns avfbaotas qua astklko rajkcfnokbns cno mfikrsa
`atks, aotra ajjns «uok vfsfóo astracdk qua fhonrk jks cuastfnoas qua on kmactko k jks
`atks, uo ku`aotn ba jks cnobuctks pncn ætfcks, uok parcapcfóo baj rfashn
bfstnrsfnokbk, uo pariufcfn ao jk cujturk nrhkofzktfvk y uok rabuccfóo ba jk
`ntfvkcfóo fotràosackµ.

K cnotfoukcfóo,
bascrflao bns aia`pjns ba `atks qua sa vko ba jks `kons qua jns kutnras
ao su fovastfhkcfóo9

Sakrs mfió uok `atk ba prnbuctfvfbkb pkrk jns a`pjakbns ba sus tkjjaras `acëofcns sahùo
jk cukj sa balàko fohraskr ;28 bójkras pnr ckbk dnrk ba trklkin. ¾Jnhró `ntfvkr k sus
a`pjakbns> Sfo bubk. Jas `ntfvó k cnlrkr ba `ës ao tnbks jks sucurskjas baj pkàs.
• ¾\acuarb
¾\acuarbksks aj Mnrb Wfotn>
Wfotn> ¾Qo cncda qua
qua sa focaobf
focaobfklk
klk cukobn
cukobn ntrn cncda
cncda cdncklk
cdncklk cno
æj pnr batrës> Aj `nbajn Wfotn prnvncó cfocuaotk y tras `uartas y `ucdns darfbns `ës
pnrqua jns trklkikbnras n`ftfarno
n`ftfarno jks cn`prnlkcfnoas ba sahurfbkb
sahurfbkb pkrk jnhrkr
jnhrkr jk `atk
LDKH ba Jaa Fkcncck ba prnbucfr uo cncda qua astuvfark «pnr balkin ba jks <.777

jflrks y jns <.777 bójkrasµ ao ;687.

Vnre Rf`as.3
V kquà taoa`ns ntrn aia`pjn qua puljfcó aj Oaw Vnre

• K Eao N‖Lrfao,
N‖Lrfao, pkskbnr ba jns Oaw Vnre Iats, ja fotarcaptk
fotarcaptklko
lko ba`ksfkbns
ba`ksfkbns pksas. Ksà
qua ja f`pusfarno jn qua pkracàk uok `atk lkstkota rkznoklja pkrk qua on ja fotarcaptkrko
tkotns pksas9 ja paokjfzkrno acnoó`fck`aota pnr ckbk pksa `kjn. Muocfnoó. Ja
fotarcaptkrno `aons pksas, parn snjn pnrqua pksklk `aons. Su raobf`faotn haoarkj
bfs`fouyó.
As prëctfck`aota f`pnsflja prabacfr jns amactns oahktfvns ba mfikrsa uok `atk.
Ons dko aoaosaûkbn
saûkbn k qu
quaa cuko
cukobn
bn ons mfik`
mfik`ns
ns `atks tfao
tfaoao
ao qua
qua sar aspacàmfcks,
cukotfmfckljas y jfhkbks k uo pjkzn. On nlstkota, rasujtk qua sno pracfsk`aota astks
ckrkctaràstfcks jks qua puabao sklntakr ouastrks `atks. Qok `atk aspacàmfck,
cukotfmfcklja y jfhkbk k uo pjkzn prnvnck uok cnobuctk ba`ksfkbn mnckjfzkbk qua a
`ucdks ncksfnoas cnojjavk `fnpàk n dkcar trk`pks. Sà, k `aoubn kjckozk`ns jk
`atk. Warn ¾k quæ pracfn>
Aotnocas, ¾quæ pnba`ns dkcar cukobn on dky `atks> K `aoubn, sfhua sfaobn
oacaskrfn taoar ao `aota kjhuons nliatfvns, snlra tnbn ao jns oahncfns. Oacasftk`ns
kyubk pkrk astkljacar uok bfraccfóo y cukotfmfckr jns prnhrasns. Warn tkj vaz dkyk
uok `koark `ainr ba jnhrkr astns nliatfvns kj tfa`pn qua sa ajubao jns amactns
sacuobkrfns y oahktfvns ba jks `atks.
Vn taohn uok prnpuastk9 ao juhkr ba fbaotfmfckr `atks, pfaosk ao fbaotfmfckr ëraks
ao jks qua puabas cnocaotrkr tus asmuarzns.
Qok `atk as uo rasujtkbn qua qufaras cnosahufr5 cnocaotrkrsa ao uo ërak batar`fok
jks kctfvfbkbas k jks qua vks k babfckr tu tfa`pn. Qok `atk as uok cnosacuaocfk5
cnocaotrkrsa ao uo ërak as uo ck`fon. Qok `atk kpuotk dkcfk uo muturn qua qufaras
kjckozkr5 cnocaotrkrsa ao uo ërak ta nljfhk k caotrkrta ao aj prasaota.
Qok `atk ao vaotks, pnr aia`pjn, puaba taoar cn`n nliatfvn uons fohrasns
batar`fokbns n jk kbqufsfcfóo ba uo où`arn aspacàmfcn ba ouavns cjfaotas. Qok `atk

nparktfvk
Wnr ntrntkj jkbn,
vaz lusqua kdnrrkr ao
cnocaotrkrsa ao cnstas.
uo ërak ba vaotks puaba sfhofmfckr aotkljkr u
`notóo ba cnovarskcfnoas cno uoks parspactfvks batar`fokbks. Cnocaotrkrsa ao u
ërak nparktfvk puaba fbaotfmfckr znoks qua qufaras fovastfhkr pkrk kdnrrkr ao cnstas.
Cjkrn qua on sa axcjuyao `utuk`aota. Wnbràks taoar uok `atk y cnocaotrkrta
kba`ës ao uo ërak. Ba dacdn, sa pnbràk krhu`aotkr qua astks bns mnr`ks ba
nrhkofzkrsa sno oacaskrfks9 jk `atk aspacfmfck kbóoba vks, y cnocaotrkrta ao uo ërak
as pjkofmfckr aj ck`fon
ck`fon pkrk jjahkr k aj
ajjk.
jk.
Warn dky uok vaotkik ao cnocaotrkrsa ao uo ërak sfo taoar `atk kjhuok.
Cnocaotrkrta ao uo ërak axpjntk tu `ntfvkcfóo fotràosack, avftk cukjqufar astà`ujn
n focaotfvn pkrk dkcar trk`pks n tn`kr rfashns fooacaskrfns, baik klfartks tnbks jks
pnsflfjfbkbas
pnsflfj fbkbas u npnrtu
npnrtuoofbkbas pnsftfvks y kjfaotk jk cnjklnrkcf
cnjklnrkcfóo
óo kj tfa`
tfa`pn
pn qua
qua
rabuca jk cn`pataocfk bkûfok. V, `faotrks tkotn, sfhuas kvkozkobn ao kquajjn qua tù
y tu a`prask vkjnrëfs pnr aocf`k ba tnbn.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, cnocaotrkrsa ao uo ërak tfaoa tnbks jks vaotkiks ba mfikrsa `atks
y avftk tnbns jns amactns sacuobkrfns oahktfvns.
¾Có`n puabas dkcarjn> Mëcfj9 fbaotfmfck jks cnsks k jks qua qufaras babfckrjas
tfa`pn ‒n jks qua tù y tu bfractnr craæfs qua as `ës f`pnrtkota babfckrjas tfa`pn‒
y pnota `kons k jk nlrk. Aj rastn jjahkrë pnr sà snjn. Da basculfartn qua
cnocaotrkrsa ao cfocn hrkobas ëraks as aj jà`fta pkrk skckr aj `ëxf`n prnvacdn ba
tus asmuarzns.
Jk cjkva as rasfstfrsa k jk taotkcfóo ba batar`fokr aj rasujtkbn qua qufaras
nltaoar. Baik astk puartk klfartk y bæikta snrpraobar. On astny bfcfaobn qua astn sak
mëcfj ba dkcar. Ouock dklàk sfbn cnoscfaota ba cuëotn `a cnocaotrklk ao jks `atks
dkstk qua trktæ ba on cnocaotrkr`a ao jks `atks. Sfo pnoar`a `atks, `a pkracàk
bfmàcfj jjahkr k dkcar okbk.
Warn dfca cnsks. V, sahùo `f axparfaocfk, on snjn jnhrkrës, cn`n `àof`n, tkotn
cn`n jn qua jnhrkràks sf ta mfikrks `atks, sfon qua bfsmrutkrës `ucdn `ës aj prncasn
pnrqua avftkrës
avftkrës tao
taotkcfno
tkcfnoas
as y kh
khnlfns
nlfns foo
fooacaskrf
acaskrfns.
ns.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, sf ons cnocaotrk`ns ao jks tkraks ao juhkr ba ao jks `atks, `fs
dfins astkrëo ao jk puartk k tfa`pn, parn kba`ës sa dklrëo pkskbn aj dfjn baotkj, sa
dklrëo capfjjkbn jns bfaotas k cnocfaocfk y dklrëo baikbn aj lkûn cn`n uok pktaok.

Mfikrsa `atks on sfa`pra as uo dëlftn laoamfcfnsn. Fbaotfmfck y babfck tfa`pn k jks ëraks ao jks qua
qufaras cnocaotrkrta y jjahkrës k bnoba qufaras fr ba mnr`k `ës amactfvk.

....
< Jfsk B. Nrbóûaz, @kurfca A. Scdwaftzar, Kbk` B. Hkjfosey y @kx D. Lkzar`ko, «Hnkjs Hnoa Xfjb9 Rda
Systa`ktfc Sfba Ammacts nm Nvar-Wrascrflfoh Hnkj Sattfohµ (wnrefoh pkpar, Dkrvkrb Lusfoass Scdnnj Xnrefoh
dttp9//dlswe.dls.asu/fta`/==;;2.dt`j..
Eonwjabha, Malrukry ;;, <776), dttp9//dlswe.dls.asu/fta`/==;;2.dt`j

3 Kjfsk Ruhaob, «Axpartsµ Kbvfca tn tda Hnkj-Nrfaotab9 Bno‖t Nvar Bn Ftµ, Oaw Vnre Rf`as , 1 ba nctulra, <7;<,
f`as
www.oytf`as.cn`/<7;<8;7/7=/ynur-`noay/tda-parfjs-nm-sattfoh-hnkjs.dt`j>^r07..
www.oytf`as.cn`/<7;<8;7/7=/ynur-`noay/tda-parfjs-nm-sattfoh-hnkjs.dt`j>^r07
 3

Aj kutæotfcn
kutæotfcn prnlja`k
prnlja`k
ba Lyrno
Sfhua kbajkota

«Watarµ, `a ascrflfó `f k`fhn Lyrno pnr cnrran ajactróofcn dkca uons bàks. «On `a
da cufbkbn `ucdn burkota jns ùjtf`ns cfocn kûns y qufarn vnjvar kj hf`oksfn pkrk
pnoar`
pno ar`aa ao mnr`k.
mnr`k. @a da bkbn cuao
cuaotk
tk ba qua kj lu
lusckr
sckr uo aqufjf
aqufjflrfn
lrfn aot
aotra
ra jk `aot
aota,
a,
aj cuarpn y aj aspàrftu, da baikbn ba jkbn aj cuarpn. Oacasftn snjucfnokrjn, parn `a
cuastk @QCDN `ntfvkr`a. ¾Kjhùo cnosain>µ

Kjhn qua balaràks

cnostkota`aota ku`aotksklar
susba Lyrno as quacno
cnoncf`faotns dkca pncn a`pazó
prnhrk`ks su prnpfn
ba mnr`kcfóo quaoahncfn
pkhk bay
su prnpfn lnjsfjjn. Ksà qua on as qua astæ bas`ntfvkbn ao haoarkj, as snjn qua craa
astkr bas`ntfvkbn
bas`ntfvkbn pkrk dkcar aiarcf
aiarcfcfn.
cfn.
Warn sa aqufvnck. «Raohn qua krrahjkrjnµ, ascrflfó. As t ë `ntfvkbn pkrk dkcar
aiarcfcfn, sf on, on `a dklràk ascrftn uo cnrran. Cjkrk`aota, sa prancupk pnr pnoarsa
ao mnr`k y, cukobn ta prancupks pnr kjhn, sfhofmfck qua astës `ntfvkbn.
Aj ratn ba Lyrno on as jk `ntfvkcfóo, on9 as sahufr kbajkota.
As f`pnrtkota taoar cjkrk astk bfmaraocfk pnrqua, `faotrks Lyrno pfaosa qua tfaoa
qua rasnjvar uo prnlja`k ba `ntfvkcfóo, on dkjjkrë jk snjucfóo cnrractk. Rrktkrë ba
aotusfks`krsa. Sa racnrbkrë qua astkr ao mnr`k as `uy f`pnrtkota. Rkj vaz f`khfoa
jks pkraiks qua pnbrë ktrkar sf tfaoa `ainr kspactn, n jns kûns ba vfbk qua hkokrë sf
cnosarvk su skjub.
Ckbk pksn qua bæ pkrk `ntfvkrsa snjn ku`aotkrë su astræs y su cujpk, jk bfstkocfk
aotra jk `ntfvkcfóo y jk cnocjusfóo sa frë khrkobkobn, aotra jn `ucdn qua qufara
dkcar aiarcfcfn y jn pncn qua jn jnhrk. Raoa`ns jk fbak aqufvnckbk ba qua, sf ons
prancupk`ns
prancupk` ns sumfcfaota`
sumfcfaota`aot
aota,
a, ddkra`
kra`ns
ns kjhn kj raspactn. Warn oonn as cfartn.
Jk `ntfvkcfóo astë ao jk `aota, as cnocaptukj5 sahufr kbajkota as uok cuastfó
prëctfck. Ba dacdn
acdn,, jk snjucfóo k uo prnlja`
prnlja`kk ba `ntfvkcfóo as ax axkctk`
kctk`aot
aotaa jn
cnotrkrfn ba jk snjucfóo k uo prnlja`k ba parsfstaocfk. Jk `aota as asaocfkj pkrk jk
`ntfvkcfóo. Warn, pkrk jk parsfstaocfk, jk `aota as uo nlstëcujn.
Rnbns da`ns saotfbn có`n jk `aota sklntak ouastrks kspfrkcfnoas. Bacfbf`ns fr
kj hf`oksfn baspuæs ba trklkikr, parn juahn, cukobn jjahk aj `n`aotn ba fr,
paosk`ns9 As tkrba. Astny ckoskbn. Dny on fræ . Bacfbf`ns qua vk`ns k `abftkr,
parn juahn
juahn `frk`
frk`ns
ns jk dnrk y bacf`ns ba ouavn9 As tkrba
t krba. Bacfbf`ns qua taoa`ns
qua kpnykr `ës k ouastrns a`pjakbns, parn juahn, cukobn uon ba ajjns cn`ata u
arrnr, paosk`ns9 Sf on ja ckotn jks cukraotk, jn vnjvarë k dkcar . Bacfbf`ns qua
taoa`ns qua dkljkr `ës ao jks rauofnoas, parn juahn, cukobn astk`ns saotkbns ao jk
rauofóo, paosk`
rauofóo, ns9 On sæ sf jn qua vny k bacfr rakj`aota
paosk`ns9 rakj `aota kpnrtkrë kjhn .
Da kquà jk cjkva9 sf qufaras parsfstfr ao kjhn, baik ba paoskr. Sfjaocfk jk
cnovarskcfóo sklntakbnrk qua tfaoa juhkr ao tu cklazk kotas ba qua a`pfaca. On
`uarbks aj kozuajn. Baik ba bfscutfr cnotfhn `fs`n. Rn`k uok bacfsfóo `uy
aspacàmfck snlra jn qua qufaras dkcar y on jk cuastfnoas. Cno `uy aspacàmfck, `a
ramfarn k bacfsfnoas cn`
cn`nn astk9 «@a pno
pnobræ
bræ k dkcar ai
aiarcfcf
arcfcfnn `
`kûko
kûkokk k jjks
ks saf
safss ba jjkk
`kûkokµ, n «@abftkræ uo cukrtn ba dnrk tko prnotn cn` cn`nn `a javkotaµ, n «Snjn vny k
raskjtkr jks cnsks qua `fs a`pjakbns dkhko lfaoµ, n «Ao jk próxf`k rauofóo kj
`aons dkræ uok fotarvaocfóoµ.

Juahn,Aras
fhoórkjk. cukobn
`ësjkjfstn
`aota
quaa`pfaca
tu `aota.k bfscutfr cnotfhn
Wuabas var `ës ‒ykjjë ta
bahkrkotfzn
ajjk. qua jn dkrë‒,
Qok vaz, uo prnmasfnokj `a bfn uok cjksa ba hnjm ao jk qua `a aosaûó uok `koark
bfmaraota
bfmaraota ba hnjpakr jk pajntk. Baspuæs
Baspuæs ba jk cjcjksa,
ksa, `
`aa kbvfr
kbvfrtfó9
tfó9
«Cukobn iuahuas cno ntrns, tkj vaz qufarko bkrta kjhùo cnosain. Ascùcdkjas cn
abuckcfóo, bkjas jks hrkcfks pnr aj cnosain y, juahn, fhoórkjn pnr cn`pjatn y dkz
axkctk`aota jn qua ta da bfcdnµ.
Ksà, Ly
Lyrno,
rno, as iustk`
iustk`aot
aotaa cn`n balar
balaràksàks ras
raspnobar
pnobar k tu ` `aot
aota.
a.

Sf ta cuastk cn`pjatkr uok tkrak n uok kctfvfbkb, jk ckusk puaba qua sak jk parsfstaocfk. @ës qua
`ntfvkrta cno uok kraohk fotarok, sfjaocfk tu `aota9 bacfba có`n vks k kctukr ao uok tkrak n kccfóo
a spa
spacàm
càmfck
fck y on par`
par`ftk
ftkss qu
quaa s a a otrn`atko
otrn`atko ttus
us pa
paosk`
osk`faotns
faotns..

....
 2

@f prf`ark cnomaraocfk ao RABx

On qufarks
qu farks sar parmactn
par mactn
«¡Nd!µ @a cnhà jk cklazk cno jks `kons, kpkrtæ jk vfstk baj nrbaokbnr y `fræ kj
tacdn. «¡On
«¡On puabn dkcar
dkcarjn!
jn! ¡On `
`aa as
astë
të skj
skjfaobn
faobn lf
lfao!
ao!µµ
Ajakonr `a nlsarvó cno cn`pksfóo basba su ascrftnrfn cnotfhun kj `àn9 sklàk jn
`ucd
ucdnn qua `
`aa as
astklk
tklk as
asmnrzko
mnrzkobn.
bn. Wr
Wrapkr
apkrklk
klk uouokk cnomaraocfk ppkrk
krk aj RABx qua balàk
bkr ao Mjfot, @fcdfhko, y kuoqua balàk ba jjavkr yk uoks vafotfcfocn varsfnoas, kù
on astklk sktfsmacdn.
@a aockotk aj cnocaptn ba jks cnomaraocfks RAB9 tfaoas bfacfncdn `foutns pkrk
dkljkr ba uok fbak qua `arazck jk paok cn`pkrtfr. Qo hrko où`arn ba parsnoks `uy
cnoncfbks dko bkbn cnomaraocfks mkscfokotas, y pkrk `à ark uo dnonr qua `a
fovftkrko. Warn tk`lfæo saotàk uok prasfóo tra`aobk pkrk qua muark uok prasaotkcfó
axcajaota.
@a pfbfarno qua `a caotrkrk ao jk cuastfóo baj kpraobfzkia9 kjhn luaon, pnrqua as
uok cuastfóo ba jk qua taohn `ucdks cnsks qua bacfr, parn tk`lfæo kjhn `kjn,
pracfsk`
pracfs k`aot
aota,
a, pnrqua tao
taohhn `ucd
cdks
ks cnsks qu
quaa bacfr. Sf dulfark bfspuastn ba ncdn
ncdn
dnrks pkrk dkljkr, pnbràk dklar f`prnvfskbn. Warn ¾bfacfncdn `foutns> ¾Cuëj ba `fs
fbaks ark sumfcfaota`aota f`pnrtkota a fotaraskota cn`n pkrk qua jk ascnhfark snlra
jks ba`ës> V, cukobn jk dulfark ajahfbn, ¾có`n flk k prasaotkrjk pkrk qua muark
k`aok,
k` aok, bfva
bfvartfbk,
rtfbk, fotajfhao
fotajfhaota
ta y craktfv
craktfvk>
k> ¾V tnbn ao bfa
bfacfnc
cfncdn
dn `
`fou
foutns>
tns>
Wkrk cnj`n, tras cë`krks hrklko jk fotarvaocfóo ba jns cnomaraocfkotas ba RAB, y
aj vàban sa cuajhk ao jk \ab. Astn as mkotëstfcn sf jk cnomaraocfk as luaok. Warn ¾y sf
on jn as> ¾V sf as uo baskstra> On dky asckpktnrfk. [uaràk qua muark parmactk. Ksà
qua `a rasarvæ uo pkr ba sa`koks pkrk ascrflfr y prkctfckr jk cnomaraocfk.
Cno jn qua da vfvfbn, `a bfhn, balaràk dklar kpraobfbn kjhn. Wnrqua cukobn trktn
ba dkcar kjhn parmactn, astë prëctfck`aota hkrkotfzkbn qua vny k bkrja ba`ksfkbks
vuajtks, jn qua sfhofmfck qua pkskræ ba`ksfkbn tfa`pn yaobn ba uo jkbn pkrk ntrn y

kvkoz
kvkozkobn
Ao kobn `
`uy
uy pncn.
prfocfpfn, bkrjaBa kquà qua
`ucdks yk tu
tuvfar
vuajtks vfarkk vaf
vafot
as pkrta otfcf
fcfocn
baj ocn vars
varsfnoas.
prncasn fnoas.
cukobn ksu`as uo ratn
k`lfcfnsn. Warn rkrk vaz ons kyubk, ku`aotk aj astræs, axfha uok hrko ckotfbkb ba
tfa`pn y ouock rabuobk ao uo trklkin mfokj `ainr.
@a nrhkofcæ aj ckjaobkrfn pkrk taoar bns sa`koks ba tfa`pn ao jks qua caotrkr`a
ao jk cnomaraocfk9 uo hrko arrnr.
Wuastn qua sa oacasftk `ucdn tfa`pn pkrk ajklnrkr kjhn craktfvn, as f`pnsflja
dkcarjn ba hnjpa. Baspuæs ba uoks cukotks dnrks fotaosfvks kj bàk, `f prnbuctfvfbkb
backàkk ssustko
backà ustkocfkj
cfkj``aot
aota.
a.
Ksà qua
ascrflfr ¾quæ sucabàkArk
jk cnomaraocfk> cnof`pnsflja
tnbks kquajjks dnrkscn`pjatk`aota
babfckrjks qua `a dklàkk rasarvkbn pkrk
trklkikr ao jk
cnomaraocfk. Warn, tkj cn`n flko jks cnsks, jn qua sà dkcàk ark a`pjakr uo hrk
où`arn ba ajjks ao astraskr`a pnr jk cnomaraocfk.
¾Wnr quæ on babfquæ aj tfa`pn k ntrks tkraks f`pnrtkotas> On tfaoa saotfbn
rkcfnokj, parn, ba kjhuok mnr`k, paosæ qua saràk racnoncar qua on trklkiklk ao jn
qua taoàk qua trklkikr9 ascrflfr jk cnomaraocfk. Ksà qua, ao juhkr ba kprnvacdkr aj
tfa`pn baiëobn`a jns cnbns, `a bklk jkrhns basckosns y `a bfstrkàk okvahkobn pnr
Fotaroat n cn`faobn. Focn`praosflja, parn ksà ark.
Jns ba`ës trktklko ba kof`kr`a bfcfæobn`a qua on `a prancupkrk, qua taoàk u
tkjaotn okturkj y qua jk cnomaraocfk saràk mkotëstfck. Bny cnomaraocfks cnotfouk`aota
y snjn taoàk qua dkcar jn qua dkhn sfa`pra9 sar yn `fs`n.
Warn jn ùofcn qua dfcfarno kquajjns cnosains mua ku`aotkr jk prasfóo pnrqua `a
racnrbklko qua tnbns asparklko qua jk cnomaraocfk muark f`prasfnokota.
Aotnocas, ¾quæ balaràk`ns dkcar cukobn astk`ns lkin prasfóo pkrk jnhrkr u
nliatfvn>
K `à, bns cnsks `a kyubkrno `ucdn9

;. @a quabæ sfo
s fo tfa`
tfa`pn.
pn.
Wrf`arn taoàk bns sa`koks, baspuæs uok, y juahn snjn tras bàks. Kdà mua cukobn `f
prnbuctfvfbkb
prnbuct fvfbkb jjahó k su `ëxf`
ëxf`n.
n. Ax
Axfsta
fsta uo bfcdn9 sf qu
qufaras
faras qua
qua sa dkh
khkk kjhn,
pàbasajnn k kjhu
pàbasaj kjhufao
fao ncu
ncupkbn.
pkbn. Nt
Ntrk
rk mnr`k
mnr`k ba bacfrj
bacfrjn9
n9 sf qu
qufaras
faras qua
qua sa dkhk kjhn,
cnovfærtata ao kjhufao ncupkbn. On vkcàas tus dnrkrfns5 jjæokjns. Cukotn `ës
ncupkbn astæs, `aons tfa`pn taobrës pkrk aorabkrta cno ajjn. Balaràk dklar
rasarvkbn uoks pncks dnrks ckbk bàk y babfckr aj rastn k tkraks qua cnosfbarklk
f`pnrtkotas.

<. Ck`lfæ `fs axpactktfvks.

Qok `kûkok, pncns bàks kotas ba jk cnomaraocfk, aocnotræ uok ontk ba `f `uiar ao aj
nrbaokbnr. @a bacàk qua tkj vaz jk cnomaraocfk on kcklkrk sfaobn tko haofkj, parn
qua, ao haoarkj, jk bfmaraocfk flk k sar `àof`k. Sfo juhkr k bubks, flk k sar luaok. N,
kj `aons, flk k sar kcaptklja, kjhn qua, ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk, yk astklk lfao. Cukobn
jn jaà, ck`lfæ ba parspactfvk. Bacfbà on baikr`a jk pfaj. Vk on qufsa fotaotkr sar
bfvartfbn, fotajfhaota, kubkz n craktfvn. On qufsa dkljkr snlra jks tras cnsks `ës
f`pnrtkotas.
f`pnrtko tas. On qufsa qqua
ua mu
muark
ark jk `ainr cnom
cnomaraocfk
araocfk qua dklàk bbkbn
kbn ouock.
ouock. Ao juh
juhkr
kr
ba astn, `a mfiæ uok `atk qua pnbàk jnhrkr9 dkljkr snlra uok snjk cuastfóo. On
oacaskrfk`aota jk cuastfóo, snjn uok qua muark sfhofmfcktfvk pkrk `à, y dkljkr ba ajjk
cnoJksaocfjjaz y pksfóo.
vfbk as uo prncasn y, kuoqua uo `n`aotn astajkr ‒yk sak uo æxftn n uo mrkcksn
‒ pupuaba
aba `krckr jk bfmarao
bfmaraocfk,
cfk, as `ucd
cdnn `ës prnlklja ququaa jk prnbuccfóo cno
cnostko
stkota
ta
ba vkrfns
vkrf ns `n`
n`aot
aotns
ns axcajaotas burkota uo parf
parfnbn
nbn ba tfa`pn
tfa`pn prnj
prnjnoh
nohkbn
kbn `krqua uok
bfmaraocfk `ucdn `kynr.

Wkrk on parbar jk cklazk cukobn sfaotas jk prasfóo ba uo hrko ratn, baik ba asmnrzkrta tkotn n ba
lusckr jk parmaccfóo. Ao juhkr ba astn, trktk ba suparkr jk sfhufaota mksa ba trklkin tko rëpfbn cn`n
pu
puaa bks.
bks. As pnsflja qua babfcë
babfcëob
obnja
nja `aons tfa`p
tfa`pnn jn dkhks
dkhks `ai
`ainr.
nr.

....
 1

mfokj, mua
Kj mfokj, mua `àn
`àn

Wrf`arn, cnomàk
ao tf `fs`n

Jk sa`kok pkskbk, kcubà k uo avaotn pnr jk oncda pkrk dnorkr y prn`nvar aj

paosk`
paosk`faot
faotnn baj bfmu
bfmuot
otnn bnctnr Kjjko \nsaomfajb,
\nsaomfajb, backon ba jk Ascu
Ascuajk
ajk ba Sko
Skofbkb
fbkb
Wùljfck ba Cnju`lfk burkota vafotfbós kûns. Kjjko ark uok a`foaocfk ao skjub
hjnlkj y sa babfcó prfocfpkj`aota k jns baracdns y jk skjub raprnbuctfvk ba jks
`uiaras.
Jk jfstk ba cnomaraocfkotas ark f`prasfnokota, parn k `abfbk qua pksklk jk oncda
muf baikobn ba prastkrjas ktaocfóo. Baspuæs, Dnnsao (Iarry) Cnnvkbfk, prnmasnr ba
jk Qofvarsfbkb ba EwkYuju-Oktkj, ao Subëmrfck, sa cnjncó mraota kj ktrfj.
@fró kj pùljfcn y, sfo mkomkrrfk kjhuok, baió ba jkbn jks pkjklrks qua taoàk
prapkrkbks. «Vk sa dk bfcdn cksf tnbn jn qua pao
paosklk
sklk bacfrµ, a`
a`paz
pazó.
ó.
Juahn, ao juhkr ba jaar jn qua dklàk ascrftn, astuvn dkljkobn burkota cfocn
`foutns ba mnr`k f`prnvfskbk snlra jk fousukj dklfjfbkb ba Kjjko ba «var ao jk
nscurfbkbµ ‒ba parcflfr foiustfcfks qua k jns ba`ës ons pksklko baskparcflfbks‒
y kctukr
kctukr pkrk ra`
ra`abfkrj
abfkrjks.
ks.
Ba tnbks jks fotarvaocfnoas ba kquajjk oncda, sus pkjklrks, saocfjjks, sfo astkr
prapkrkbks y varbkbark`ao
varbkbark`aotata sao
saotfbks,
tfbks, mu
muarno
arno jks qu
quaa `
`ës
ës `
`aa f`
f`prasf
prasfno
nokrno.
krno.
Iarry ark uo aia`pjn ba jn qua bacàk ba Kjjko9 æj tk`lfæo vaàk ao jk nscurfbkb. Jk
vajkbk on oacasftklk ntrk fotarvaocfóo hrkobfjncuaota snlra aj astkbn hjnlkj ba jk
skofbkb. Iarry basacdó tnbn jn qua dklàk prapkrkbn cno asmuarzn pkrk nmracarons jn
qua oacasftklk kquaj `n`aotn. Su ckpkcfbkb pkrk bkrsa cuaotk, aj rft`n y aj
prnvacdn qu quaa supn skckrj
skckrja,a, mu
muaa ontklja. @nstrklk mjax mjaxflfj
flfjfbkb,
fbkb, prasaocfk y
cnocaotrkcfóo, parn tk`lfæo kjhn `ës prnmuobn9 `nstrklk cnomfkozk ao sà `fs`n.
Ao aj ckpàtujn kotarfnr, da bascrftn có`n paosæ, prapkræ y ajklnræ uok y ntrk vaz
`f prf`ark cnomaraocfk ao RABx snlra aj kpraobfzkia.

Ckbk vaz
parsnoks qua ascrflàk
fotajfhao
fotajfhaotas, uok ouavk
tas, haoarnsks varsfóo sa jk
y parspfckcas
parspfckcas‒‒aovfklk k k`fhns
y jas pabàk cno ba cnomfkozk
cnosains
sains ‒
y `ainrks.
¾Ark jn lkstkota fotaraskota> ¾Jn lkstkota cjkrn> ¾Sumfcfaota`aota craktfvn y
`a bf cuaotk ba kjhn fotaraskota9 `a asmuarzn `ës cukobn on bapaobn ba jns ntrns.
Snjucfnon cnsks qua, ba ntrk mnr`k, baikràk qua snjucfnokrko ntrns. Rrklkin cno `ës
sarfabkb
sarf abkb pkrk ksahu
ksahurkr`
rkr`aa ba qua `f
`f par
parspactfvk
spactfvk as sójf
sójfbk.
bk.
Ao aj pkskbn, cukobn aovfklk uo krtàcujn k kjhufao pkrk qua `a jn cn`aotkrk,
sklfaobn qua kùo taoàk qua cnrrahfrjn k cnocfaocfk, `a cn`pnrtklk cn`n uo vkhn. V
`f fobujhaocfk, qua sa sustaotklk ao jk haoarnsfbkb ba jns ba`ës, taoàk aj amactn
sacuobkrfn ba `ar`kr `f ma ao jk ckpkcfbkb qua yn taoàk pkrk suparkr nlstëcujns.
On astny bfcfaobn qu quaa on tao
taohhk`
k`ns
ns ao cu
cuao
aotk
tk jk npfofóo ba jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës. As ùtfj
sklar có`n rakccfnoko k tu trklkin. Baspuæs ba ascrflfrjk cn`pjatk`aota, aoskyæ jk
cnomarao
cno maraocfk
cfk vkrfks
vkr fks vacas mraot
mraotaa k bfmarao
bfmaraotas
tas pùljfcns
pùljfcns..
Warn, astk vaz, on jas pabà qua avkjukrko `f `aoskia. Jas pabà qua avkjukrko `f
kctukcfóo. ¾[uæ dklàko cn`praobfbn ba `f cnomaraocfk> ¾Aj `aoskia `nstrklk jk
pksfóo qua
qua yynn saot
saotàk
àk pnr æj>
V, cukobn kj mfokj bf jk cnomaraocfk ao Mjfot, @fcdfhko, astk mua cjkrk, cnocratk y
kutæotfck.

Mua `àk.

Jk próxf`k vaz qua ta sfaotks fosahurn pnr uok tkrak n uo prnyactn y qufarks cn`pkrtfrjn pkrk
lusckr kprnlkcfóo, prahùotkta prf`arn quæ as jn qua pfaosks tù. Ró`kta uo tfa`pn cno ckj`k pkrk
ascucdkrta k tf `fs`n y cnomàk ao tu `aota y ao tu cnrkzóo. K `aoubn, as luaon on paoskr ao quæ
pfaosko jns ba`ës.

....
 =

Okbk kyubó
Okbk kyubó k `f
`f cnbn
cnbn
ba taofstk
@kotaota k bfstkocfk
y on dkhks okbk

Ruva uok taobfoftfs ao aj cnbn burkota `ës ba uo kûn. Focjusn kjhn tko sf`pja cn`n
hfrkr aj pn`n ba uok puartk `a dkcàk ratnrcar`a ba bnjnr. Muf k var k `f dar`kon,
Lartfa, qufao kba`ës as `f `æbfcn ba cklacark.
@faotrks `a axk`foklk aj cnbn, ja racnrbæ tnbn jn qua dklàk dacdn pkrk fotaotkr

curkr`a.nsCukobn
prnlk`
prnlk`ns cno bns a`pazó
foy
foyaccfnoas k bnjar`a,
accfnoas tn`æ
ba cnrtfsno
cnrtfsnok, fluprnmaon.
k, cno uo fot Cn`n
fotarvkjn
arvkjn ons bklk
ba safs
saf ` asas.rasujtkbns,
`asas. @fao
@faotrks
trks
tkotn, dfca uok tarkpfk `uscujkr, prnlæ jns ujtrksnofbns, `a pusa uok cnbark, rakjfcæ
aiarcfcfns bfkrfns, `a pusa dfajn, muf k uo kcupuotnr y k uo `kskifstk. Focjusn prnlæ
uok tarkpfk axparf`aotkj cno uok foyaccfóo ba pjks`k rfcn ao pjkquatks qua dklàk
taofbn cfartk raparcusfóo pnrqua jk utfjfzklko ktjatks ba æjfta. Aj pfocdkzn mua
tarrflja`aota bnjnrnsn y on dfzn `ës qua a`panrkr jks cnsks.
«¡Okbk dk sarvfbn ba okbk!µ, `a quaiæ.
«Raohn uok fbakµ, bfin Lartfa. «Kjhn qua kùo on da`ns prnlkbn.µ
«¾Aj quæ>µ Asparklk
Aspa rklk qua on raqufrf
raqufrfark
ark `ucducdnn tfa`pn of qua mu muark
ark `uy ckrn
ckrn..
«Jn kcklks ba bacfr tù `fs`nµ, cnotastó. «Okbk.µ
@a prnpusn qua
q ua oonn ssfhu
fhufar
farkk trktk`fao
trktk`faotntn kjhuo
kjhuonn burkota jns sfhufaot
sfhufaotas
as saf
safss `asas.
«Wuaba qua tnbns astns fotaotns pkrk curkrta aj cnbn snjn jn astæo a`panrkobnµ,
cnotfouó. «As `uy prnlklja qua baspuæs ba safs `asas sfo dkcar okbk, aj bnjnr
baskpkrazck.µ
Vn ark ascæptfcn, parn, ao mfo, on taoàk okbk qua parbar. V, ao amactn, safs `asas
baspuæs aj bnjnr sa dklàk asmu`kbn.
Ao kjhuoks sftukcfnoas, on dkcar okbk ‒pkrk sfa`pra‒ as jk snjucfóo kbacukbk.
On dkcar
dkcar okbk ``aa kyu
kyubóbó cno jk taotaobfoftfs.
bfoftfs. K vacas, on trktkr
trktkr ba snj
snjuucfnokr kjhn as jk
`koark ba snjucfnokrjn.
Jk astrktahfk as bfmàcfj ba sahufr pnrqua taoa`ns taobaocfk k sar prnkctfvns. Sf
dky uo prnlja`k, ons saotf`ns `ainr sf jn klnrbk`ns ba mnr`k vada`aota. Warn ta
ao cuaotk qua tkj vaz babfck`ns `ucdn asmuarzn, tfa`pn y bfoarn k rasnjvar
prnlja`ks
prnlja` ks qua, ba ddacd
acdn,
n, oonn sa snjucfno
snjucfnoko
ko cno asmu
asmuarzn,
arzn, ttfa`
fa`pn
pn n bfo
bfoarn.
arn.
Ao <776, jns astkbnuofbaosas hkstkrno kjrababnr ba 3.=77 `fjjnoas ba bójkras a
`abfck`aotns sfo racatk pkrk aj rasmrfkbn, jk tns y jns bnjnras ba hkrhkotk, sahùo aj
aw Vnre Rf`as .2 Warn, tkj cn`n cnocjuàk aj krtàcujn, axfstao `uy pncks prualks ba
qua astns `abfck`aotns rakj`aota curao, n kcnrtao, jns rasmrfkbns. V kjhuons ba
astns ra`abfns, cn`n jns kotflfótfcns, focjusn puabao taoar amactns sacuobkrfns qua
a`panrko aj astkbn ba kjhuons pkcfaotas.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, jk `ainr mnr`k ba aomraotkrsa k uo rasmrfkbn cn`ùo as on dkcar
okbk.
¾Muocfnok tk`lfæo astk astrktahfk ao ntrns ë`lftns, muark ba jk `abfcfok> Dny a
bàk sa dkljk `ucdn ba crakr ouavks a`prasks k pkrtfr ba sulvaocfnoas. ¾\akj`aota
kyubko aj bfoarn y jns asmuarzns qua sa babfcko k jks sulvaocfnoas> Sahùo u
astubfn rakj
r akjfzkbn
fzkbn pn
pnrr jk Muo
Muobkcf
bkcfóo
óo Eku
Ekumm`ko,1 jk raspuastk as on.
mm`
Jns bktns baj Fostftutn Okcfnokj ba Astkbàstfck ba Astkbns Qofbns `uastrko qua aj
àobfca ba crakcfóo ba ouavks a`prasks aotra ;688 y <771 vkrfó snjn uo 3-= pnr
cfaotn. Sahùo asta astubfn, «ofohuon ba jns mkctnras qua puabao fomjufr ao jks
bacfsfnoas ba jns a`praobabnras pkrk crakr ouavks a`prasks ‒racasfnoas,
axpkosfnoas, vkrfkcfnoas ao jns f`puastns, cracf`faotn ba jk pnljkcfóo, ascksn n
kluobkota ckpftkj, kvkocas taconjóhfcns u ntrns‒ tfaoa `ucdn f`pkctn ao aj rft`n
cno aj qua sa crako a`prasks ao Astkbns Qofbnsµ.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, jk `ainr astrktahfk pkrk astf`ujkr jk crakcfóo ba ouavks
a`prasks as on dkcar okbk.
¾V raspactn k jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas> Rfa`pn ktrës `a pajaæ cno kjhufao
carckon k `à. Fotaotæ vkrfks vacas racuparkr jk rajkcfóo ‒aovfæ cnrrans
ajactróofcns, jjk`æ pnr tajæmnon a focjusn ja aovfæ uo rahkjn‒, parn okbk ba tnbn
astn `ainró jk sftukcfóo. Kj mfokj tfræ jk tnkjjk y bf jk rajkcfóo pnr parbfbk. On dfca
okbk burkota uo luao tfa`pn. ]njvà k var k astk parsnok on dkca `ucdn y, ba kjhuok
mnr`k, tuva jk saoskcfóo ba qua dklàk`ns baikbn ktrës jk pajak. Kj `aons, ao hrko
pkrta. Ouastrk
Ouastrk raj
rajkcfóo
kcfóo on
on ark jk `fs`
`fs`kk qua ko
kotas,
tas, parn ar
arkk `
`uucd
cdnn `
`ainr
ainr qua
qua cuko
cukobn
bn
trktëlk`ns ba krrahjkrjk kctfvk`aota.
On astny
astny suh
suhfrf
frfao
aobn
bn qu
quaa jk snjucfóo cno
cnosfstk
sfstk sfa`pra ao on ddkcar
kcar okbk. K `ao
aoub
ubn,
n,
as oacaskrfn kmrnotkr kjhn ba ckrk. Wuaba sar focraàlja`aota amactfvn pnoar snlra jk
`ask kjhn ncujtn y trktkrjn ba mnr`k klfartk. Sny uo hrko pkrtfbkrfn ba bfscutfr tnbn
kquajjn qua astë prndflfbn bfscutfr, y da nltaofbn rasujtkbns f`prasfnokotas.
Warn ¾cuëotks bfscusfnoas fooacaskrfks sa pnbàko dklar avftkbn nlvfkobn ksuotns
qua on sno f`pnrtkotas> Rkj vaz pnbràk`ns on `aocfnokr aj arrnr ba kjhufao. Rkj vaz
pnbràk`ns
pnbràk` ns dklar parbnokbn sfo
s fo asparkr uo kctn ba cno
cnotrfcfóo.
trfcfóo. Ao ntrks pkjklrks, k
vacas, jk `ainr astrktahfk pkrk suparkr uo prnlja`k parsnokj as on dkcar okbk.
Aotnocas,
Aotnocas, ¾có`
¾có`nn sskla`
kla`ns
ns cuëo
cuëobnbn dkcar kjhn n on ddkcar
kcarjn>
jn>
«Cukobn axfstao vkrfns ra`abfns pkrk uok aomar`abkbµ, ascrflfó Kotno Cdæinv,
«sfhofmfck qua jk aomar`abkb as focurklja.µ Sf jk axparfaocfk n jns bktns prnpnoa
vkrfks snjucfnoas parn ofohuok as rakj`aota amactfvk, on dkcar okbk tkj vaz sak jk
`ainr astrktahfk.
Rk`lfæo, sf dks prnlkbn bns n tras snjucfnoas y ofohuok muocfnok, qufzë sak aj
`n`aotn ba on prnlkr okbk.
Vk dkca lkstkotas kûns qua baió ba bnjar`a aj cnbn. Warn sny suparstfcfnsn y,
mrkock`aota, `a prancupk uo pncn qua ascrflfr astn ‒bacfr basckrkbk`aota qua
curæ `f
`f tao
taobfoftfs
bfoftfs on ddkcf
kcfaobn
aobn okbk‒ dkrë qua `a a`
a`pfac
pfacaa k bnja
bnjarr bbaa ou
ouavn.
avn.
Asparn qua on ncurrk. Warn sf ncurra, kj `aons kdnrk yk sæ quæ baln dkcar9 okbk.

\asfsta jk taotkcfóo ba quarar krrahjkrjn tnbn. K vacas, on dkcar klsnjutk`aota okbk as `ainr qua
dkcar kjhn.

....
2 Jasjay Kjbar`ko, «@noay Rfps mnr Xdao tda Sofmmjas Stkrtµ, Oaw Vnre Rf`as , ; ba aoarn, <7;7,
f`as
www.oytf`as.cn`/<7;<7/7;/7</dakjtd/pktfaot.dt`j.
www.oytf`as.cn`/<7;<7/7;/7</dakjtd/pktfaot.dt`j.

1 \nsskok Xaftaek`p y Lkrlkrk Wruftt, «Ou`ar nm Oaw Cn`pkofas Craktab Kooukjjy \a`kfos \a`krjkly
Cnostkot Kcrnss Rf`a, Kccnrbfoh tn Ekumm`ko Mnuobktfno Stubyµ, Muobkcfóo Ekumm`ko, ;< ba aoarn, <7;7,
www.krcdfva-nrh.cn`/pkha/Ou`ar-Oaw-Cn`pkofas-Craktab-Kooukjjy-\a`kfos-\a`krekljy-Cnostkot-Kcrnss-
Rf`a-;;42263.dt`..
Rf`a-;;42263.dt`
 8

Rnbn as focra
focraàlja
àlja
y okbfa astë cnotaotn
Kcaptk jk rakjfbkb.
Ck`lfk jks axpactktfvks.

F`khàokta qua astës okvahkobn ao jks Lkdk`ks, lalfaobn uo ramrascn y ascucdkobn

có`nn aj kh
có` khuuk hnjpatak aj ckscn baj vajarn.
vaj arn.
\ajkikota, ¾on> Wuas on jn as pkrk `f k`fhn \nl.
\nl on suaja astraskrsa. Su trklkin bfkrfn pnobràk ba jns oarvfns k `ucdks

parsnoks9
prnlja`ks
prnlja` ks asfrr uftkotas
frrftkoo prn`
prn`ntnr
ntnr nokbns
tas rajkcf fo`
fo`nlfjf
rajkcfno nlfjfkrfn
kbns krfnfoqu
cno cuyk
cuyfjfo
k orut
foqufjf rutfok
ns,foklko
ascns,
værsajks
lkocns, ba`
ba`ko cno
bks, uhoastfóo
kobks, `notóo
notóo
ba ba
jk
prnpfabkb y tkskcfnoas
tkskcfnoas qu quaa vkràko ba pracfn ba jk oncd ncdaa k jk `kûko
kûkok.k. Warn \nl
hastfnok tnbn astn cno ckj`k y saraofbkb.
Ksà qua ¾pnr
¾pnr quæ astklk astraskbn asa bàk ffbàjf bàjfcn
cn ao aj lkrcn> Wnr jjkk `fs`
`fs`kk rkzó
pnr jk qu
quaa jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks ons astrask` astrask`ns9 ns9 pnrqua sa dko mru mrustrkbn
strkbn
ouastrks axpactktfvks. \nl taoàk qua dkcar uok jjk`kbk f`pnrtkota y aj `óvfj on
muocfnoklk. Astklk sumrfaobn jk bfstkocfk aotra jn qua asparklk qua pkskràk y jn qua
rakj`aota astklk pkskobn.
Astk as jk ckusk sulykcaota baj astræs, y ons kmactk `ucdn `ës ao astns tfa`pns
pnrqua ouast
uastrksrks ax axpactkt
pactktfvks
fvks on pkrko ba ku` ku`ao aotkr
tkr,, ao pkrta hrkcfks k jks
foonvkcfnoas axpnoaocfkjas ao jk taconjnhàk.
Ao uok aotravfstk dfjkrkota cno Cnoko N‖Lrfao,= aj du`nrfstk Jnufs C. E. bacàk
qua vfvf`ns ao uo `uobn focraàlja y, sfo a`lkrhn, okbfa astë cnotaotn. Cnotklk jk
dfstnrfk ba qua astklk ao uo kvfóo y, pnr prf`ark vaz, pubn cnoactkrsa k Fotaroat k
ouava `fj `atrns ba kjturk. Sa quabó astupamkctn. Saotkbn k su jkbn, uo tfpn tk`lfæ
okvahklk pnr jk \ab majfz`aota dkstk qua sa cnrtó jk cnoaxfóo. Ba fo`abfktn, kjzó
jns lrkzns y hrftó9 «¡Astn as uok `farbk!µ
«Cno quæ rkpfbaz aj `uobn ja bala kjhn ba cuyk axfstaocfk snjn ja dklàk
fomnr`kbn bfaz sahuobns kotasµ, bfin Jnufs C. E. Vn suajn ckar ao jk `fs`k trk`pk,
fhukj qua jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks qua `a rnbako. Sfa`pra aspark`ns `ës on snjn
ba jk taconjnhàk, sfon ba jns ba`ës y ba onsntrns `fs`ns.
\nl ouock pfarba jk ckj`k cukobn sa aomraotk k sus prnlja`ks dklftukjas,
pracfsk`
pracfs k`aot
aota,
a, pnrqua sno dklftuklftukjas.
kjas. Sa jns aspark. Jns foqu
foqufjf
fjfoons sfa`
sfa`pra
pra sa
quaiko, jns lkocns sfa`pra qufarao `ës fomnr`kcfóo, jks ba`kobks sno aj pko ba
ckbk bàk y jks tkskcfnoas sfa`pra ck`lfko. Sno prnlja`ks rutfokrfns y tfaoa
raspuastks rutfokrfks
rutfokrfks pkrk
pkr k ajj
ajjns,
ns, ba `nbn qua on ja skcko ba qu
qufcfn.
fcfn.
Warn kquaj bàk, ao su lkrcn, \nl asparklk qua su `óvfj muocfnokrk. Ksà qua
quabkrsa sfo `óvfj jains ba jk cnstk, bnoba on dky `abfns kjtaroktfvns pkrk racflfr
uok jjk`kbk f`pnrtkota, ja craó uok astraskota axpactktfvk fosktfsmacdk.
¾[uæ sa puaba dkcar cukobn ta fovkba aj astræs y jk mrustrkcfóo qua prnvnck uok
axpactktfvk fosktfsmacdk> Rfaoas bns npcfnoas9 n ck`lfks jk rakjfbkb qua ta rnbak n
ck`lfks
ck` lfks jks ax
axpactkt
pactktfvks.
fvks.
K vacas as pnsflja ck`lfkr jk rakjfbkb. ¾Qo a`pjakbn ta bacapcfnok
cnotfouk`aota> Fotaotk kyubkrjn pkrk qua `ainra su raobf`faotn. Sf astn on muocfnok,
puabas
puabas baspabfr
baspabfrjn.
jn.

Warn, k as
mrustrkobn `aoubn, as bfmàcfjback`lfkr
uo cn`pkûarn tu `fs`n jk rakjfbkb
ofvaj> ¾Nqua ta rnbak.
qufzës ¾V sf qufao aotarn>
uo bapkrtk`aotn ta astë
On pupuabas
abas baspabfrj
baspabfrjns ns k tnbns. Rkj vaz pu puabks
abks baikr ba trklkikr cno ajjns,
ajjns , parn
prnlklja`ao
prnlklja` aota
ta on sak kjhn qu quaa bapao
bapaobkbk ba tf. Wnbràks bf`ftfr,
bf`ftfr, parn astn tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo
cnojjavk uok luaok bnsfs ba astræs.
Sahùo `f axparfaocfk, fotaotkr ck`lfkr jk rakjfbkb on suaja kjfvfkr aj astræs, sfon
qua suaja crakrjn. Qok cuastfóo `aonr ‒cn`n ck`lfkr`a ba ksfaotn ao aj kvfóo‒
puaba
pu aba sar tko frrfrrftko
ftkota
ta qu
qua,
a, kuo
kuoququaa jn jnhra, on `araca aj asmuasmuarzn.
arzn. V cuast
cuastfnoas
fnoas
`kynras ‒cn`n ku`aotkr `f raobf`faotn‒ tnbkvàk puabao mrustrkr`a `ës. Asta
ùjtf`n aia`pjn as aspacfkj`aota mrustrkota pnrqua as uok axpactktfvk qua taohn ba
`à `fs`
`fs`n,n, ks
ksàà qua rakj
rakj``aot
aotaa cr
cran
an qua bap
bapaoba
aoba ba `à.
Ba `nbn qua `f cnocjusfóo as qua jk `ainr astrktahfk pkrk rabucfr aj astræs as
ck`lfkr
ck` lfkr jks axp
axpactkt
actktfvks.
fvks.
Ao pncks pkjklrks9 kcnstù`lrkta k on jnhrkr jn qua qufaras. Sæ qua astn on
cnocuarbk cno jk kctftub ba «K pnr ajjnsµ qua ons dko aosaûkbn k jk `kynràk ba jks
parsnoks. Warn, cksf sfa` sfa`pra,
pra, ao aomrao
mraotkrsa
tkrsa k jk rakjf
rakjfbkb
bkb on `araca jk pao paok.
k. N on
puabas
pu abas ck`
ck`lfkr
lfkr jn qu quaa ta rnbak n aj ao aomrao
mraotk`
tk`faot
faotnn as `ës astraskot
astraskotaa qu
quaa jk
racn`paosk.
Sf ck`lfkr jks axpactktfvks as ba`ksfkbn bfmàcfj, jk sahuobk `ainr tëctfck as
tn`kr parspactfvk.
F`khfok uok asckjk baj uon kj bfaz, sfaobn bfaz jk panr rakjfbkb qua puabas
cnocalfr, cn`n vfvfr ao znok ba huarrk n astkr ao aj Xnrjb Rrkba Caotar aj ;; ba
saptfa`lra ba <77;. Rkj vaz ouava sak uok aomar`abkb hrkva cuyn rasujtkbn `ës
prnlklja sak jk `u
`uarta. N
Ncdn
cdn pnbràk
pnbràk ssar
ar kjhn qua
qua ck`lfk
ck`lfk tu vfbk pkrk sf
sfa`
a`pra,
pra, cn`
cn`nn
fr k jk cërcaj n taoar uo kccfbaota qua ta baia ao uok sfjjk ba ruabks. Bfhk`ns qua
sfata as kjhn qua ta`pnrkj`aota kjtark tu vfbk, cn`n parbar aj trklkin n taoar qua
`ubkrta pnrqua yk on puabas pkhkr jk cksk ao jk qua vfvas.
¾A`pfazks k var pnr bóoba vny>
Cksf tnbn jn qua ons pnoa ba jns oarvfns sa aocuaotrk aotra aj uon y aj bns ba jks
axpactktfvks mrustrkbks. As bacfr, jns ofvajas ba `kj du`nr n astræs astëo prnvnckbns
pnr sftukcfnoas
sftukcfnoas qua, ba ddacd
acdn,
n, tfao
tfaoao
ao `uy pnck f`
f`pnrtko
pnrtkocfk.
cfk.
As `uy ùtfj racnrbkr astn cukobn astës prnmuobk`aota `njastn pnrqua jk a`prask
ba tajavfsfóo pnr cklja ta dk cnlrkbn pnr arrnr cfocn bójkras ba `ës y ta tfaoa
asparkobn `abfk dnrk `faotrks fovastfhko jk focfbaocfk. N cukobn uo cnjklnrkbnr
dkca su trklkin ba mnr`k qua cnosfbarks bascufbkbk. On ta astny bfcfaobn qua on
rapraobks kj cnjklnrkbnr. Snjn ta astny suhfrfaobn qua tkj vaz on `araca jk paok
pnoarsa
pno arsa dfstærfcn.

On sfa`
haoarkj,sfa`pra
pra as mëcfj9
y tk`lfæo vkrfnsastraskrsa
as okturkj mkct
mkctnras
nras pnr
ba astræs pu
puabao
cnsks quaabao su`
su`krsa
krsaonysno
rakj`aota crakr uo astræs
f`pnrtkotas
ao aj cnoiuo
cnoiuotntn ba jjkk rrakj
akjfbkb.
fbkb. @a ncurra ccnotnotfou
fouk`
k`aot
aota.
a.
Wnba`ns rabucfr ouastrn astræs ba mnr`k sustkocfkj racnoncfaobn qua, ao `ucdks
sftukcfnoas, ons da`ns cnovartfbn ao parmaccfnofstks ao ë`lftns bnoba jk parmaccfó
on as oacaskrf
oacaskrfk,k, rakjf
rakjfstkstk ooff ùtfj.
Aj astræs ba \nl ark `ucdn `kynr cukobn paosklk qua aj prnlja`k ark snjn ba su
`óvfj. Warn baspuæs, cukobn supn qua dklàk parbfbn jk cnlarturk ao tnbks jks
Lkdk`ks, ck`lfó ba axpactktfvks. Sa bfn cuaotk ba qua on dklàk okbk qua dkcar.
Cukobn pubn tn`kr parspactfvk, sa dklftuó k jk ouavk rakjfbkb. ¾Ao quæ puotn ba
jk asckjk
as ckjk as
astklk
tklk aj on pnbar dkcar kquajjk jj jjk`
k`kbk>
kbk> On suparklk aj uouon.
n.
V ksà, quabëobnsa sfo cnlarturk burkota `ës ba bnca dnrks, jnhró taoar uoks
vkckcfnoas ba varbkb.

Sf on puabas ck`lfkr jk rakjfbkb ‒y onr`kj`aota on puabas‒, aotnocas bkja jk f`pnrtkocfk qua

rakj`aota tfaoa. Cukobn tu parspactfvk ck`lfk, tk`lfæo jn dkca tu ckpkcfbkb pkrk rakccfnokr kj
`uobn qua ta rnbak ba `koark astrktæhfck y prnbuctfvk.

....
= «Jnufs C. E. fotarvfaw <777µ, aotravfstk rakjfzkbk pnr Cnoko N‖Lrfao, Jkta Ofhdt Sdn w wftd Cnoko
Cnok o N‖Lrfao ,
OLC, <4 ba on onvf
vfa`l
a`lra,
ra, <777
<777,, vàban
vàban cnj
cnjhkbn
hkbn ao aj ckokj jkjkrf
kjkrfrey
reyuu ba VnuR
VnuRul
ula,
a, ;7 ba klrf
klrfjj ba <776
<776,,
www.ynutula.cn`/wktcd>v0h\FvIdRe^V..
www.ynutula.cn`/wktcd>v0h\FvIdRe^V
 4

Aj vkjnr ba lalar tæ

Babfck tfa`pn
tfa`pn
k jns rftukjas

Dkca pncn vf jk pajàcujk Aj ùjtf `n sk`urëf pnr sahuobk vaz. K`lfaotkbk ao Ikpóo
ùjtf`n
ao jk bæckbk ba ;487, cuaotk jk dfstnrfk ba uo vatarkon ba jk Huarrk Cfvfj
astkbnuofbaosa qua mua ckpturkbn pnr huarrarns sk`urëfs y, cno aj tfa`pn, kpraobfó
k vkjnrkr sus trkbfcfnoas.
Jk prf`ark vaz qua vf jk pajàcujk, cukobn skjfó ao <773, `a aotusfks`krno jks
ascaoks ba jucdk lajjk`aota cnranhrkmfkbks. Warn jk sahuobk vaz `a cno`nvfó uok
ascaok qua on racnrbklk dklar vfstn jk prf`ark vaz9 uo sk`urëf tn`kobn tæ.
Saotkbn mraota k uok `ask lkik, aj sk`urëf `acàk aj tæ ba mnr`k bajflarkbk y
sfohujkr. Jn cnota`pjklk. Juahn sa sarvàk uo pncn. Ja bklk uo snrln, pkrk
bahustkrjn y, pnr ùjtf`n, sa jn lalàk.
@a bf cuaotk ba qua astk ark jk muaota ba jk muarzk baj sk`urëf.
Jks kcrnlkcfks arko f`prasfnokotas, parn snjn arko uok ba`nstrkcfóo ba s
muarzk. Jk muaota ark aj rftukj baj tæ y ntrns rftukjas sf`fjkras. Su pnbar cn`n
huarrarn
hu arrarn prnvaoàk ba jk pkcf
pkcfao
aocfk,
cfk, ba jjkk pracfs
pracfsfóo,
fóo, ba jk ktao
ktaocfóo
cfóo pnr jns batkjja
batkjjas,
s, ba
jk cnocaotrkcfóo y baj raspatn qua saotàk pnr aj `n`aotn.
Aj pnbar ba jns rftukjas as prnmuobn y suaja sulastf`krsa. Ao hrko pkrta, `a
pkraca, pnrqua vfvf`ns ao uo uokk cu
cujtu
jturk
rk ba jn mu
muhhkz ao jjkk qu
quaa aj rftu
rftukj
kj sa cno
cnota`
ta`pjk
pjk
cn`n uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn. ¾[ufæo sa puaba par`ftfr aj juin ba dkcar uok snjk cnsk
ckbk vaz> ¾[ufæo tfaoa jk pkcfaocfk pkrk babfckrja tfa`pn k uok kctfvfbkb kotas y
baspuæs ba dkcarjk>
Rnbns balaràk`ns taoar astk pkcfaocfk.
Jks rajfhfnoas cn`praobao y vkjnrko aj pnbar ba jns rftukjas. Ao aj iubkàs`n, jks
laobfcfnoas
laobfcfnoas sno tko klu
kluob
obkot
kotas
as cn`
cn`nn jks kpjfckcf
kpjfckcfno
noas
as ba uo fWdnoa.
fWdnoa. ¾Ra baspfartks
pnr jk `kûko
kûkok>
k> Axfsta uo
uokk laobfcfóo pkrk ajjn. ¾Ra jjkvks
kvks jks `ko kons>
ns> ¾Ax
Axparf`ao
parf`aotks
tks

kjhn ouavn>
kccfnoas. ¾Ra jks
Rnbks sfaotks k cn`ar>
rajfhfnoas qua Axfsta
cnonzcnuoktfaoao
laobfcfóo pkrk sf`fjkras
prëctfcks ckbk uok pkrk
ba astks
qua
ouastrk axparfaocfk baj `uobn sak skhrkbk.
 Rkj vaz pnr astn avftk`ns jns rftukjas ao aj `uobn ba jns oahncfns. Jk rajfhfóo
f`pjfck `ucdks cnsks y as `uy parsnokj. Warn uo rftukj on tfaoa pnr quæ sar
rajfhfnsn9 as ùofck`aota uo fostru`aotn ba jks rajfhfnoas. Aj rftukj sfrva pkrk prastkr
ktaocfóo. Sa trktk ba bataoarsa uo `n`aotn y bkrsa cuaotk ba jn qua vks k dkcar, jn
qua kcklks ba dkcar, n ba k`lks cnsks. Cnosfsta ao skckr aj `ëxf`n pkrtfbn ba uo
`n`aotn bkbn. V astn as kjhn qua pnbràk`ns kpjfckr `ucdn `ës ao aj ë`lftn ba jns
oahncfns.
F`khàokta qua a`pazërk`ns ckbk rauofóo racnoncfaobn aj vkjnr ba jk
cnjklnrkcfóo y juahn ons babfcërk`ns, sfo bfstrkarons, k jks ëraks ao jks qua
bala`ns cnocaotrkrons, pnofaobn ba rajfava qua jks prfnrfbkbas, jks k`lfcfnoas y
jns puotns ba vfstk ba ckbk parsnok sno f`pnrtkotas y balao sar ascucdkbns.
¾[uæ ncurrfràk sf ckbk avkjukcfóo ba raobf`faotn a`pazkrk cno uok lrava
bfsartkcfóo snlra jk f`pnrtkocfk ba uok cn`uofckcfóo cjkrk y klfartk> ¾Sf ckbk vaz
qua trklkiërk`ns ao uok dnik ba cëjcujn qua kjhufao dk ajklnrkbn pkrk onsntrns ons
pkrërk`nss k vkjnrkr
pkrërk`n vkj nrkr jk cn`
cn`pjaif
pjaifbkb
bkb ba jk tkrak y jk ktao
ktaocfóo
cfóo pnr jns batkjjas qu
quaa dk

prastkbn>
qufæo¾Sf
y cno qufæo kj a`pazkr
vk`ns a`kpazkr
dkcaraj
jn>bàk ons pkrërk`
dkcarjn> pkrërk`ns
ns k dno
dnorkr
rkr aj trklkin qua vk`ns
vk`ns k dkcar
Da kquà uo mkctnr qua mkcfjftk cn`aozkr cno astns rftukjas9 on as oacaskrfn qua jn
sapk okbfa.
A`pfazk cnotfhn `fs`n. Sfæotkta kj ascrftnrfn pnr jk `kûkok, aspark uo `n`aotn
kotas ba aocaobar aj nrbaokbnr y prastk ktaocfóo k asta `n`aotn. Ru rftukj puaba sar
raspfrkr dnobn. Q nrbaokr jns lnjàhrkmns. On f`pnrtk aj quæ, parn dkzjn cno jk
fotaocfóo ba crakr raspatn dkcfk jn qua astës k puotn ba cn`aozkr. Dkz jn `fs`n
kotas ba rakjfzkr uok jjk`kbk. N ba racflfr uok. N kotas ba rauofrta cno uo cnjahk n
uo cjfaota.
Ckbk vaz qua ons bataoa`ns, prastk`ns ktaocfóo y dnork`ns uok kctfvfbkb, ons
kyubk k kpracfkr jn qua vk`ns k dkcar y k cnocaotrkrons ao ajjn. V, kj ajavkr ckbk
kctfvfbkb, ons jk tn`k`ns `ës ao sarfn. Bfsmrutk`ns `ës dkcfæobnjk. Jks parsnoks
cno jks qua trklkik`ns sa saotfrëo `ës raspatkbks. V tk`lfæo saotfra`ns `ës
raspatn pnr onsntrns `fs`ns. Jn qua sfhofmfck qua trklkikra`ns `ainr cno jns ba`ës
y nltaobra`ns `ainras rasujtkbns.
Astk cnocaotrkcfóo ons kyubkrë k rakjfzkr jks tkraks cno `ës ktaocfóo, `ës
cn`pataota`aota, y sara`ns `ës prnbuctfvns. V tnbks jks fovastfhkcfnoas
ba`uastrko qua asta tfpn ba cnocaotrkcfóo pkrtfcujkr dkca qua sak`ns `ucdn `ës
amfcfaotas.
Ao pncks pkjklrks9 ¾jns rftukjas sno uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn> Rkj vaz sako aj
kotàbntn parmactn pkrk uo `uobn ao aj qua sfa`pra sa astë ascksn ba tfa`pn.
\atn`k aj cnotrnj snlra tf `fs`n. Kotas ba a`pazkr cukjqufar tkrak babfck uo tfa`pn k
cnocaotrkrta, vkjnrkr y cnosfbarkr jn qua astës k puotn ba dkcar. Asta tfpn ba ktaocfóo rftukj on snjn
as pnbarnsk y prnbuctfvk9 tk`lfæo as uo pjkcar.

....
 6

Kotas
Kotas ba
ba `atar
`atar aj ekyke
ao aj khuk
Wrapkrk ckbk bàk

@f `uiar Ajakonr y yn dfcf`ns uok axcursfóo ao ekyke burkota tras sa`koks a

Wrfoca Xfjjfk` Snuob, ao Kjksek. Ajjk kùo astklk ao jk uofvarsfbkb y yn kcklklk ba
hrkbukr`a. Dklàk`ns pkskbn `ucdks vkckcfnoas ao jk okturkjazk, parn ouock snjns
ajjk y yn, y `aons ao uok okturkjazk cn`n kquajjk. Cukobn ktarrfzk`ns a
Kocdnrkha, `a pusa k lusckr uok nmfcfok pkrk ck`lfkr `noabk, parn Ajakonr `a
racnrbó
Kotasqua bakùofr, astëlk`ns ao Astkbns
jn prapkrk`ns tnbnQofbns.
cno `atfcujnsfbkb9 astubfk`ns jks ckrtks
oëutfcks, bacfbf`ns jk rutk y ons aotraok`ns k mnobn cno jks a`lkrckcfnoas.
Lusck`ns jk `kjk `kr `ës aobfkljkbk qua pubf`ns aocnotrkr y vnjck`ns uok y ntrk
vaz cno jns ekykes pkrk cn`prnlkr jn rëpfbn qua pnbàk`ns ratn`kr jk pnsfcfóo n
`atarons ba ouavn ao aj ekyke sf ons dklàk`ns skjfbn ba æj. Ao Wrfoca Xfjjfk`
Snuob on axfsta `krhao ba arrnr. Ao asks khuks dajkbks, snjn sa puaba snlravfvfr
burkota cuktrn n cfocn `foutns.
Cukobn jjahk`ns k Wrfoca Xfjjfk` Snuob, khrkbacf`ns dklarons prapkrkbn tkotn.
V sklfaobn jk rkpfbaz cno jk qua ck`lfk aj tfa`pn ao Kjksek, ckbk `kûkok
fostftuf`ns uo rftukj ba prackucfnoas kotas ba baikr jk rajktfvk sahurfbkb ba jk pjkyk.
Cno `ucdn cufbkbn, `atàk`ns tnbn ao lnjsks f`par`akljas y jks hukrbëlk`ns a
jns cn`pkrtf`aotns dar`ætfcns ba jk a`lkrckcfóo. Rnbn jn asaocfkj ‒jk rkbfn ba
kjtk mracuaocfk, aj prntactnr snjkr, aj aspain pkrk dkcar saûkjas, jk cra`k ba
ckckduata y jks hkjjatks ba cdncnjkta‒, tnbn jn qua ark f`prascfobflja, jn
hukrbël
hu krbëlk`
k`nsns ao uuokok lnjs
lnjskk ao jk pkrta bbajkotark
ajkotark bbaa `f eky
ekyke.
ke.
V, ckbk `kûkok kotas ba pkrtfr, ons dkcàk`ns jk `fs`k prahuotk9 «Sf `urfærk`ns
dnyy, ¾k qu
dn quææ arr
arrnr
nr jn
j n ktrflufràk jk
j k ravfstk
ravf stk Sak Ekykear>µ
Kotas ba fr k Kjksek, jaà tnbns jns où`arns qua puba ba Sak Ekykear pkrk
cnosujtkr jns fomnr`as ba kccfbaotas. Astns fomnr`as fbaotfmfcklko kquajjns arrnras n
`kjks bacfsfnoas qua tn`krno jks parsnoks qua, `ës k `aoubn ba jn qua racnoncà k
`fs pkbras, kcklkrno `urfaobn.
 Qo tfpn sklàk qua on taoàk qua skjfr kj `kr pnrqua aj tfa`pn ark `kjn y aj njakia
fotaosn, parn taoàk uok cftk y on quaràk parbar aj marry ba vuajtk k cksk. Wuas lfao,
parbfó kquaj
kquaj marry y oouuock `ës vnjvfó k tn`
tn`kr
kr ofohu
fohuon. Ntrn, ao aj ùjtf`
ùjtf`nn bàk ba s
vfkia, on sa prancupó ba hukrbkr su aqufpn ao uok lnjsk f`par`aklja pnrqua on
asparklk oacasftkrjn. Warn uok njk f`pkctó cnotrk su ekyke, vnjcó y sa `nió tnbn.
Jnhró jjahkr ba ouavn k jk nrfjjk, parn, cn`n on taoàk okbk sacn cno jn qua tkpkrsa,
`urfó ba dfpntar`fk. Rk`lfæo uok ckrrark ba Nutwkrb Lnuob (uok ksncfkcfóo qua
nrhkofzk axcursfnoas pkrk ióvaoas) sa vfn snrpraobfbk pnr vfaotns muartas y
cnrrfaotas rapaotfoks mraota k jk cnstk ba Lkik Ckjfmnrofk. @urfarno tras astubfkotas.
Ksà qua ckbk `kûkok, kotas ba `atarons ao aj khuk cno jns ekykes, babfcklk cfocn
`foutns k paoskr ao jn qua pnbàk ncurrfr asa bàk ‒aj pjko, aj tfa`pn, aj aqufpn, jks
cnotfohaocfks, ouastrk cnobfcfóo màsfck, jns nlstëcujns qua pubfærk`ns aocnotrkr‒ y
juahn `a prahuotklk sf astëlk`ns prapkrkbns.
Kdnrk, kûns baspuæs, basba jk sahurfbkb ba `f baspkcdn, sfhn paoskobn qua as jk
`aotkjfbkb fbóoak pkrk aomraotkrsa k cukjqufar bàk.
Sfa`pra astk`ns `uy ncupkbns. Cno jks prfsks, quarfaobn dkcar `ës y `ës cnsks,
¾cno quæ mracuaocfk vk`ns k uok rauofóo, n ons a`lkrck`ns ao uo prnyactn, n ons
pnoa`
pno a`ns
ns k dkljkr, sfo dklarons prapkrkbn> As uo
uokk rakccf
rakccfóo
óo vvfscar
fscarkj
kj pnrqua tao
taoa`
a`ns
ns
`ucdns ksuotns ba jns qua ncupkrons. Ons pkraca qua pnba`ns prascfobfr baj
tfa`pn pkrk prapkrkrons y ons zk`lujjf`ns sfo paoskr ao sftukcfnoas ao jks qua
juahn cn`ata`ns arrnras, jn cukj ons dkca vnjvar k a`pazkr y, pnr jn tkotn,
parba`ns
parba` ns tfa`pn.
tfa`pn.
Jks prahuotks qua `a dkhn dny ao bàk sno jfhark`aota bfmaraotas ba jks qua ons
dkcàk`ns Ajakonr y yn burkota ouastrn vfkia ao ekyke, pnrqua jns rfashns sn

bfstfotns. Warnqua
jks rauofnoas jk fbak sfhua
tfaoas sfaobn jk `fs`k9
pjkofmfckbks> ¾astës sarfk`aota
¾Dks paoskbn prapkrkbn pkrk
ao ajasta bàk> qua
trklkin ¾Wkrk
ta
aspark> ¾Dks kotfcfpkbn jns rfashns qua puabao dkcarta basckrrfjkr> ¾Rfaoas cjkrn
quæ as jn qua balas cnosahufr> ¾Jn qua dks pjkofmfckbn pkrk dny jnhrkrë qua astæs
`ës carck ba jn qua ta prnpnoas> On as uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn, kj cnotrkrfn9 dkcarta
astks prahuotks ta kyubkrë k sar `ës prnbuctfvn.
Ouastrn
Ou astrn vf
vfkia
kia k Kjkse
Kjksekk kckló cno Ajako
Ajakonr
nr y yynn sko
s kons
ns y skjvns pnrqua babfck`
babfck`nsns
tfa`pn k prapkrkr ckbk bàk cn`n sf muark aj bàk `ës f`pnrtkota ba ouastrks vfbks.
Wnrqua, ba dacdn, aj rfashn ark jn lkstkota ajavkbn cn`n pkrk qua, sf on jn
dulfærk`ns prapkrkbn lfao, kquaj bàk muark aj `ës f`pnrtkota ba ouastrks vfbks9 aj
ùjtf`n.
¾Wnr quæ on bkrja kj bàk ba dny, bkbn qua as aj ùofcn qua kdnrk `fs`n tfaoas k tu
bfspnsfcfóo, jk `fs`k f`pnrtkocfk>

On klnrbas tkraks sfo paoskr lfao ao jn qua astës dkcfaobn. Ckbk `kûkok, rasarvk uo pncn ba
tfa`pn pkrk dkcarta astk prahuotk9 «¾Astny prapkrkbn pkrk aj bàk ba dny>µ Wuaba qua fhukj`aota
ta a qufvnqu
qufvnquaa s , pa
parn
rn aass tkrë
tkrëss `u
`ucdn
cdn `ë
`ëss pr
praa pk
pkrk
rkbn
bn pkrk
pkrk a jjn sf ta dk
dkca
cass a stk pr
praa huot
huotk.
k.

....
 ;7

Qok jaccfóo baj rùtar

\afoàcfkta

Ba rapaota, sa cnrtó jk cnoaxfóo fokjë`lrfck k Fotaroat. Kj prfocfpfn, `a mrustræ

pnrqua astklk lulusckobn
sckobn uons jflr
jflrns
ns ao K`
K`kzn
kznoo. Warn prnot
prnotnn paosæ
paosæ qu
quaa ark uok
suarta, pnrqua tk`lfæo taoàk qua ascrflfr uo krtàcujn y jk lùsquabk ao K`kzno `a
astklk bfstrkyaobn. @a rasfstà k sahufr bfstrkyæobn`a trktkobn ba cnoactkr`a ba
ouavn y `a pusa `kons k jk nlrk. Kcklæ aj krtàcujn ao uo tfa`pn ræcnrb.
Wnr sà `fs`n, astn yk as uok jaccfóo. Warn jk dfstnrfk on kcklk kquà.
Kj kcklkr aj krtàcujn, taoàk qua aovfërsajn kj abftnr. Jn qua kotas ark uok
bfstrkccfóo ‒krrahjkr jk cnoaxfóo‒ ark kdnrk kjhn f`prascfobflja. Ksà qua pusa ao
prëctfck tnbns `fs
`fs cnoncf`
cnoncf`faot
faotns
ns ao taco
taconjnhàk9
njnhàk9 a`
a`pacæ
pacæ k hhrftkrja
rftkrja kj rrùtar.
ùtar.
Okbk, tnbn sahu
sahuàk
àk fhu
fhukj.
kj. Ba `nbn qu quaa hrftæ `ës mu muarta.
arta. Cn`n
Cn`n on nltu
nltuva
va
rasujtkbns, carræ tnbks jks kpjfckcfnoas y rafofcfæ aj nrbaokbnr. Sahuàk sfo muocfnokr.
@a `atà ao aj prnhrk`k baj rùtar y a`pacæ k iuhkr cno jk cnomfhurkcfóo. Okbk. Kj
mfokj, kpkhuæ y aocaobà aj rùtar vkrfks vacas, parn on duln ck`lfn kjhuon.
Ksà qua `a quabæ kjjà saotkbn, ao sfjaocfn, `frkobn cno nbfn `f nrbaokbnr y
bfspuastn k kb`ftfr jk barrntk. Warn juahn racnrbæ uok snjucfóo qua `a dklàk
muocfnokbn kotarfnr`aota, cukobn tnbn jn ba`ës mkjjklk. Bascnoactæ tnbns jns
kpkrktns y asparæ uo `foutn. Burkota asta fotarvkjn on taoàk okbk qua dkcar, y `a
quabæ kdà saotkbn.
As rkrn, pnrqua uo `foutn as `uy pncn tfa`pn parn, uok vaz trkoscurrfbn, `a
saotàk saosflja`aota bfmaraota. On astklk of aomkbkbn, of `njastn, of mrustrkbn.
Astklk kj lnrba ‒fh
‒f hukj qua kotas‒
kotas‒ ba tfrkr k jk lksurk tnbns kquajjns kpkrktns sf jk
snjucfóo on muocfnoklk. Warn `a saotàk ravftkjfzkbn. Jk sftukcfóo on dklàk ck`lfkbn5
dklàk ck`lfkbn `f parspactfvk.
\asujtk qua kj bascnoactkr `f aqufpn, tk`lfæo `a dklàk bascnoactkbn yn. V
cukobn pksó asa `foutn lrava, cksf fokbvartfbn, `a saotà bfmaraota. \aonvkbn.

Wrapkrkbn
bfspuastn kpkrk dkljkrja
lrn`akr k`klja`aota
uo pncn kj rùtar
pkrk bastaoskr ao juhkr ba hrftkrja. Focjusn astklk
jk sftukcfóo.
V tuva uo paosk`faotn9 tkj vaz astk astrktahfk ba bascnoactkr y pkrkrjn tnbn
burkota uo `foutn as uok luaok snjucfóo cukobn jks cnsks on muocfnoko.
\amnrcæ astk fbak dkca pncn cukobn dkljæ pnr tajæmnon cno `f `uiar `faotrks ajjk
astklk ba vfkia. Astëlk`ns trktkobn uok cuastfóo cn`pjfckbk y k`lns taoàk`ns jk
saoskcfóo ba qua aj ntrn on astklk ascucdkobn. Juahn, sa cnrtó jk jjk`kbk.
Fotaotk`ns jjk`krons ba ouavn, parn snjn muocfnoklk aj cnotastkbnr. Ksà qua ons
quabk`ns saotkbns burkota uo `foutn, ckbk uon ao ouastrn juhkr raspactfvn.
Bascnoactkbns.
Cukobn kj mfokj jnhrk`ns cnotkctkr, aj tnon ba jk cnovarskcfóo dklàk ck`lfkbn
rkbfckj`aota. Ærk`ns `ës cn`praosfvns. Astëlk`ns `ës ktaotns k jn qua bacàk aj
ntrn. @ës bfspuastns k parbnokrons y quararons. Ascucdëlk`ns `ainr y
a`pktfzëlk`ns `ainr cno jn qua bamaobàk aj ntrn. Ouock paosæ qua muark k bacfrjn,
parn, pnr uok
uok vaz, `
`aa kjahræ ba qua sa cnrtkrk jk jà
jàooak baj tajæmno
tajæmnon.
n. Ons bfn k k`lns
k`lns
uo `foutn pkrk raspfrkr y kbnptkr uok ouavk parspactfvk.
Bascnoactkr y asparkr uo `foutn as uok astrktahfk foasparkbk, pnrqua pkraca
pksfvk. On astës baskrrnj
baskrrnjjkobn
jkobn astrktah
astrktahfks,
fks, krhu
krhu``aotns
aotns n pu puootns ba vfstk

kctfvk`aota. Ba dacdn, on
Cukobn bascnoactks astës dkcfaobn
y asparks kctfvk`aota
uo `foutn, vuajvas kokbk.
tu cnomfhurkcfóo pnr bamactn,
qua ao jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks suaja sar haoarnsk, klfartk, craktfvk, a`pëtfck y
sarvfcfkj. Astn ku`aotk jks prnlklfjfbkbas ba sar amactfvns cukobn ons vnjva`ns k
cnoactkr.
¾Astës ao uok rauofóo qua on vk k ofohuok pkrta> Bkta uo raspfrn. ¾On kvkozks cn
ask prnpuastk qua tfaoas qua ascrflfr> Javëotkta y bkta uo pksan. ¾Ra pajaks cno tus
dfins> Wfba uo tfa`pn `uartn. Bascnoactk uo `foutn y raspfrk.
On as uok
uok astrktah
astrktahfk
fk qua raqufark
raqufark prkctfckr `
`uucdn
cdn n `
`ainrkr
ainrkr tu
tuss dklfjfbkbas. Snj
Snjnn
oacasftks racnrbkrjk. K vacas, jk vfbk oacasftk uo cn`prn`fsn kctfvn y vnjuotkrfn.
Warn, ntrks, aj `ainr `nvf`faotn as basfovnjucrkrsa. Asta `foutn `ëhfcn ao aj qua
on dkcas okbk tfaoa aj pnbar ba ck`lfkrjn tnbn.
[ua as pracfsk`aota jn qua ncurrfó cno `f hrko y sklfn `kastrn, aj rùtar. @fjkhrn
ba jns `fjkhrns, kj cnoactkrjn baspuæs ba uo `foutn, jk cnoaxfóo vnjvfó k muocfnokr.
V yn tk`lfæo.

Cukobn balks racuparkr aj aqufjflrfn ‒ao uok cnovarskcfóo n sftukcfóo cn`pjfckbk‒, ao juhkr ba
axcftkrta, babfck uo `foutn k on dkcar okbk9 lësfck`aota, pfba uo tfa`pn `uartn. Kj rafofcfkrta,
dklrës ck`lfkbn ba parspactfvk.
....
 ;;

Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn…

Baik ba raobfr.
A`pfazk k vfvfr

Jk oncda kotas ba ouastrk lnbk, Ajakonr y yn astëlk`ns ba pfa kjhn oarvfnsns a

`abfn ba uok hrko skjk, rnbakbns pnr ouastrks mk`fjfks y k`fhns àotf`ns. On dklàk
uok rkzóo pkrtfcujkr pkrk astkr focó`nbns9 ùofck`aota sa trktklk ba uo aoskyn. Kuo
ksà, ærk`ns aj caotrn ba ktaocfóo y on tnbn flk snlra ruabks. Rnbkvàk on dklàko
jjahkbn of aj rklfon of aj ckotnr, y on sklàk`ns bóoba cnjnckrons, quæ bacfr n quæ
dkcar.
Ons dklàk cnstkbn noca kûns ‒y uo uo `
`no
notóo
tóo ba trklkin‒ jjahkr k asta `n`ao
`n`aotn.
tn.
Ajakonr as ba cnomasfóo apfscnpkj, dfik ba uok bfëcnon, y yn sny iubàn, dfin ba u
suparvfvfaota baj Dnjnckustn. Jn ùofcn ao jn qua astklko ba kcuarbn ouastrns pkbras
kotas ba jk lnbk ark ao qua on balàk`ns ckskrons.
Qok k`fhk ouastrk, Sua Kooa Stammay @nrrnw, uok `fofstrk `atnbfstk, sa nmracfó
pkrk sustftu
sustftufr
fr k jns nmfcfkot
nmfcfkotas
as iubàns qu
quaa on dklàko jjahkbn. Bfrfhfó aj aosky
aoskyn,
n,
bfcfaobn k ckbk uon bóoba balàk cnjnckrsa, jayaobn jns taxtns y bfstaobfaobn jk
sftu
sf tukcf
kcfóo
óo cno lrn`ks
lrn`ks npnrtuo
npnrtuoks.
ks.
Cukobn kckló aj aoskyn y yk astëlk`ns uo pncn `ës rajkikbns, ons bfn u
cnosain k Ajakonr y k `à qua sfhua sfaobn uon ba jns `ainras qua da nàbn.
«@kûkok, aj bàk `ës f`pnrtkota ba vuastrk vfbk, cfaotns ba parsnoks ns astkrë
nlsarvkobn. Rrktkb ba racnrbkr astn9 on as uok avkjukcfóo, as uok axparfaocfk.µ
@a hustó aspacfkj`aota qua bfiark9 «Rrktkb ba racnrbkr astnµ. Ao prfocfpfn,
pkraca mëcfj ba racnrbkr,
racnr bkr, parn, ao rakjf
rakjfbkb,
bkb, as cksf f`
f `pnsflja pnr
pnrqu
quaa hhrko
rko pkrt
pkrtaa ba jn
qua dkca`ns pkraca uok avkjukcfóo. Ons puotùko ao aj cnjahfn y kokjfzko ouastrn
trklkin. Hkok`ns ckrrarks, ons ntnrhko tàtujns, racflf`ns dkjkhns y k vacas ons
dkca`ns mk`nsns, tnbn ao muocfóo ba ouastrn raobf`faotn. Focjusn jks paquaûks
cnsks ‒bfrfhfr uok rauofóo, aotkljkr uok cnovarskcfóo ao aj pksfjjn, aovfkr u

cnrran
fbn>µ ajactróofcn‒ suscftko jk sfjaota parn n`ofprasaota prahuotk9 «¾Có`n dk
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, paosk`ns qua jk vfbk as uok avkjukcfóo pnrqua, k mfo ba
cuaotks, ao pkrta jn as. Ons saotf`ns iuzhkbns pnr jns ba`ës pnrqua, k `aoubn, ons
uzhko. V sak`ns sfocarns9 on snjn sno ajjns qufaoas iuzhko. Jk `kynràk ba jks
parsnoks babfck
babf ck tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo uo
uokk pkrta cnosfbarklj
cnosfbarkljaa ba su aoarh
aoarhàk
àk k iuz
iuzhhkr k jns ba`
ba`ës,
ës,
jn qua, pnr supuastn, snjn ramuarzk jk saoskcfóo ba qua sn`ns iuzhkbns y kjf`aotk
ouastrk oacasfbkb ba dkcarjn lfao.
Warn da kquà jk pkrkbnik9 vfvfr jk vfbk cn`n uok avkjukcfóo on snjn as uok mnr`k
ba astraskrsa y sar fomajfz, sfon qua tk`lfæo `ar`k ouastrn raobf`faotn. Sf jn qua
qufaras as `ainrkr ao cukjqufar kspactn, balas vfvfrjn cno jk `aota klfartk,
krrfashkr y mrkckskr, kcaptkr y kpraobar ba luaok hkok ba cukjqufar rasujtkbn qua
nltaohks. V cukobn jnhrks uo rasujtkbn kcaptklja, sfa`pra tfaoas qua bkrja uok
vuajtk ba tuarck `ës pkrk aocnotrkr kjhn bfmaraota.
Jns qua rfobao `ainr astëo tnbk jk vfbk kpraobfaobn y astn sfhofmfck qua
cnostkota`aota astëo prnlkobn cnsks ouavks. Hrko pkrta baj tfa`pn su raobf`faotn
as lkin y, snjn k vacas, lrfjjkota, parn as kjhn qua on puaba prabacfrsa. Sf
cnosfbarks qua tu vfbk as uok avkjukcfóo, jns mrkcksns sarëo tko bnjnrnsns qua

taobrës
axp `fabn
axparfaocfk,
arfaocfk, nsba
jjns sahufr snjn
mrkcksns axparf`aotkobn.
mnr`krëo pkrtaWarn
mnr`krëo assftk cnosfbarks
ba astk axparfaocfk.qua tu vfbk as uok
axparfaocfk.
¾[uæ
¾[ uæ bfmaraocfk uo uokk avk
avkjukcfóo
jukcfóo ba uo
uokk axparf
axparfaocfk>
aocfk> Rnb
Rnbnn as
astë
të ao tu cklazk.
¾Fotaotks taoar luao kspactn> ¾[ufaras f`prasfnokr k jns ba`ës n hkokr kjhn>
¾Luscks kcaptkcfóo, kprnlkcfóo, ajnhfns, uo kpjkusn ktrnokbnr a focnobfcfnokj> ¾Ra
buaja on jnhrkrjn> Aotnocas as qua astës ao uok avkjukcfóo.
Wnr aj cnotrkrfn, sf astës axparf`aotkobn, qufaras var quæ sa sfaota dkcfaobn kjhn.
Fotaotks cn`prnlkr quæ pkskràk sf… Cukobn astës axparf`aotkobn jns rasujtkbns
oahktfvns sno tko vkjfnsns cn`n jns pnsftfvns. Sfo bubk, jk kcaptkcfóo, jk
kprnlkcfóo y jns ajnhfns sfaotko lfao, parn on batar`foko aj æxftn. Aj æxftn cnosfsta
ao qua ta su`ariks cn`pjatk`aota ao jk axparfaocfk, sfo f`pnrtkr su rasujtkbn mfokj,
of sf kpraobas ba ajjk n on. Asta tfpn ba æxftn sfa`pra sa puaba jnhrkr
fobapaobfaota`aot
fobapaobfaota` aotaa ba có`
có`nn rraspnobko
aspnobko jns ba`ës.
ba`ës.
Cukobn kctùks cn`n ao uok avkjukcfóo, aj æxftn burk `uy pncn. Rko prnotn cn`n
jnhrks uo nliatfvn n racflas uok nvkcfóo, jk avkjukcfóo kcklk y yk on as hrktfmfckota.
Jk prahuotk qua ouock kcklk ba raspnobarsa as9 ¾quæ as jn sfhufaota>
Warn cukobn astës axparf`aotkobn, aj qufb ba jk cuastfóo on as aj mfokj, sfon aj
`n`aotn. On luscks uok saoskcfóo qua tfaoas baspuæs ba jk kccfóo, sfon qua jk
as burkota jk kccfóo. On bapaobas ba uok `abfbk axtarok y vkrfklja, sfon qua
sfaotas
sfaot
ta `ntfvk uok `abfbk fotarok y astklja.
Ksà qua ¾có`n pnba`ns baspraobarons ba jk avkjukcfóo pkrk klrkzkr jk
axparfaocfk> Da kquà kjhn qua `a dk kyubkbn. ]krfks vacas kj bàk, cn`pjatn jk
sfhufaota mrksa9 «Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn…µ
Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn ta dkjkhko. Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn astës
aok`nrkbn. Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn ta dks ktksckbn ascrflfaobn uok
prnpuastk.
prnpuast k. Astn as jn
j n qua sa sf
sfao
aota
ta cu
cuko
kobn
bn astës baj
bajkot
kotaa baj bfractnr hao
haoarkj.
arkj. Astn as
jn qua sa sfaota cukobn ta kvarhúaozks. Astn as jn qua sa sfaota cukobn ta kpracfko.
Bacfr astkr mrksa y saotfr cukjqufar cnsk qua `a astæ ncurrfaobn `a su`a
fostkotëoak`aot
fostkotëoak` aotaa ao jk axparfa
axparfaocfk.
ocfk. Jk avkj
avkjukcfóo
ukcfóo pfar
pfarba
ba jjkk pr
prf`
f`kcà
kcàkk y `f
`f `aot
aotaa bai
baikk
ba prancupkrsa pnr aj rasujtkbn. On taohn `kjks saoskcfnoas9 tnbks `a aorfquacao.
Aj bàk ba `f lnbk, sahuà aj cnosain ba Sua Kooa. V cukobn vuajvn k paoskr ao
ajjn (yk dko pkskbn `ës ba qufoca kûns), jns `n`aotns qua racuarbn cno `ës
cjkrfbkb y kmactn sno jns qua on aoskyk`ns, tnbn kquajjn qua mua `kj parn qua, ba
kjhuok mnr`k, ja bfn vfbk k jk lnbk. Focjusn aj aoskyn, qua nlvfk`aota on mua sahù
jn pjkoakbn pnrqua mkjtó aj rklfon, mua parmactn pnrqua pubf`ns fotahrkr k uok
`fofstrk ‒qua sfhofmfcklk `ucdn pkrk Ajakonr y su mk`fjfk‒ ba uok `koark `ucdn
`ës sfhofmfcktfvk qua jn qua dklàk`ns pravfstn.
On tao
taohhn mua
axparfaocfk, of fbak ba có`
có`nn avkjukr jk cara`
parmactk. cara`no
nofk
fk ba `f lnbk. Kd
Kdnrk
nrk lfao, cn`n
cn`n

Jk próxf`k vaz qua saks aj caotrn ba ktaocfóo, baspræobata ba jk fbak ba qua astës sfaobn
«avkjukbnµ. Ao vaz ba astn, bæikta jjavkr y vfva aj `n`aotn, pnrqua ksà ja skckrës aj `ëxf`n
prnvacdn.

....
 ;<

«On taohn
«On taohn tfa`pn
tfa`pn
pkrk paoskrµ
Fovfart
Fov fartaa ao cnocaotrkcfóo
cnocaotrkcfóo
bascnocaotrkbk

Ao uo mraoætfcn y racfaota vfkia ba oahncfns k Mjnraocfk, tuva suarta9 `f cjfaota `a

rasarvó uok dklftkcfóo ao aj Mnur Saksnos, qua cnostk ba bns abfmfcfns, k`lns
pkjkcfns rastku
rastkurkbns
rkbns baj \ao
\aokcf`
kcf`faot
faotn,
n, sapkrkbns pnr cksf cfocn dactëraks ba
krbfoas. Astklk aockotkbn.
Luaon, kj `aons dkstk qua jjahuæ y `a bf cuaotk ba qua `f dklftkcfóo astklk ao aj
pkjkcfn `ës jjaikon.
aikon. Ckbk vaz qu
quaa flk kj dntaj, balàk rracnrrar
acnrrar tnbk astk bfstko
bfstkocfk
cfk pnr
jns ikrbfoas dkstk jk dklftkcfóo. Raoàk tnbns jns bàks rapjatns cno cftks ba
ksasnrk`faotn y k astn dklàk qua su`krja jns ksuotns cnrrfaotas ba jns qua `a suajn
ncupkr. Ask ck`foktk jkrhk y nljfhkbk flk k rnlkr`a uo tfa`pn foastf`klja qua
kpaoks pnbàk par`ftfr`a.
Kj prfocfpfn, jjahklk k jns ikrbfoas `njastn y jns racnrràk cno batar`fokcfóo y
rkpfbaz. Warn, pkrk `f snrprask, k `abfbk qua dkcàk astns pksans, ck`foklk `ës
baspkcfn. Kj mfokj, aj pksan pnr jns ikrbfoas sa cnovfrtfó ao uok axparfaocfk

trkosmnr`kbnrk.
tk`lfæo sa pnoàk@faotrks
k pksakr ybak`lujklk pnr jns saobarns
dkjjklk cnoaxfnoas, sarpaotakotas,
axtrkàk cnocjusfnoas `f `aota
y baskrrnjjklk
fbaks.
Ao ouastrks vfbks y juhkras ba trklkin, qua vko k uo rft`n kcajarkbn y sa caotrk
ao jk prnbuctfvfbkb, astk`ns parbfaobn jns ikrbfoas, jftarkj y `atkmórfck`aota.
Bala`ns
Bala` ns racuparkrjns.
Dkca pncn kj`nrcæ cno \kifp, aj bfractnr ba taconjnhàk ba uo f`pnrtkota lkocn ba
fovarsfnoas. Kj vnjvar k su baspkcdn baspuæs ba pkskr uok dnrk iuotns, ja dklàko
aovfkbn ;34 ouavns cnrrans ajactróofcns. @faotrks dkljëlk`ns, ja sahuàko jjahkobn
`aoskias. «¾Có`n vny k pnbar `kotaoar`a kj bàk>µ, `a prahuotó. On puaba. \kifp
tfaoa carck ba bfaz `fj a`pjakbns ao su hrupn. «On taohn tfa`pn pkrk paoskrµ, sa
quaió.
On taohn tfa`pn pkrk paoskr. Sahurk`aota jks cfocn pkjklrks `ës ktarrkbnrks
qua puaba prnouocfkr uo jàbar. Warn yk on ons ktarrko pnrqua sno uo juhkr cn`ùo. On
oacasftk`ns bfaz `fj a`pjakbns pkrk astkr ba`ksfkbn ncupkbns pkrk paoskr. Cksf
tnbns ons saotf`
saotf`ns
ns fhu
fhukj.
kj.
On sa trktk ba qu
quaa on sak`
sak`ns
ns prnbuct
prnbuctfvns9
fvns9 sn`
sn`ns
ns focraàlja`ao
focraàlja`aota
ta prnbuct
prnbuctfvns.
fvns.
Wrnbucf`ns nliatfvns. Rn`k`ns bacfsfnoas. Crak`ns y hkstk`ns prasupuastns.
Bfrfhf`ns aqufpns. Ascrflf`ns prnpuastks. Ba dacdn, kj `aons ao pkrta, ouastrk
prnbuctfvfbkb as aj prnlja`
prnbuctfvfbkb prnlja`k.
k. Kjh
Kjhnn sa dk parbfbn ao asta aot
aotnron
nron ba prnbuctfvfbkb
prnbuctfvfbkb
`kofëtfck9 kpraobar.
Cno uons bàks tko ncupkbns, rkrk vaz kokjfzk`ns prnmuobk`aota ouastrks
axparfaocfks, of cnosfbark`ns batkjjkbk`aota jns puotns ba vfstk ba jns ba`ës n
avkjuk`ns có`n jns rasujtkbns ba ouastrks bacfsfnoas puabao kmactkr jks ajaccfnoas
qua tn`kra`ns ao aj muturn. Rnbn astn raqufara tfa`pn. As oacaskrfn qua lkia`ns aj
rft`n. Warn ¾qufæo tfaoa tfa`pn pkrk astn> Jk cnosacuaocfk as qua ramjaxfnok`ns
`aons y ouastrn raobf`faotn bacraca.
K `aoubn, snjn cukobn ons muarzko k fotarru`pfrons, lkik`ns jn lkstkota aj rft`n
cn`n pkrk pnbar kpraobar. Qok aomar`abkb, parbar aj trklkin, jk `uarta ba uo sar
quarfbn9 tnbks astks sftukcfnoas ons nljfhko k bataoarons, paoskr y avkjukr jks cnsks.
Warn sno fotarrupcfnoas qua on bapaobao ba onsntrns y, cno suarta, on ncurrao k
`aoubn.
¾On saràk `khoàmfcn kpraobar cnotfouk`aota sfo fotarrupcfnoas mnrzkbks> ¾[ua
pubfærk`ns
pubfærk`ns fotarru`
fotarru`pfrons
pfrons k onsntrns `fs`
fs`ns
ns bu
burkot
rkotaa uo `n`ao
n`aotn
tn ckbk bàk pkrk
paoskr
pao skr y kprao
kpraobar>
bar>
Jn qua oacasftk`ns sno snjn uons `foutns pkrk pksakr pnr uo ikrbào `atkmórfcn.
¾[uæ ja suharà k \kifp> Màikta bóoba ramjaxfnoks `ainr y dklftùkta k fr kjjà ckbk

bàk. Vn da cnovartfbn ao uok cnstu`lra dkcar vkrfns «pksans pnr aj ikrbàoµ

bfkrfk`aota.
Wksakr pnr uo ikrbào as tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo uo
uo aiarcfcf
aiarcfcfnn kj kfra jflra.
jflr a. Sf skjhn k bkr uok vuajtk
ao lfcf, k cnrrar n k ck`fokr, prëctfck`aota sfa`pra sa `a ncurra kjhn y kj vnjvar `f
parspactfvk dk ck`lfkbn,
ck`lfkbn, as ``ainr.
ainr. Ast
Astaa as `f
`f ikr
ikrbào
bào pram
pramarfbn,
arfbn, baj qua ` `ës
ës bapaobn
pkrk taoar
taoar fbaks.
Aj ntrn as ascrflfr. Kj ascrflfr, baskrrnjjn `fs paosk`faotns y jks axparfaocfks
qua taohn `a kyubko k `ainrkr `f vfsfóo baj `uobn. On dky pnr quæ cn`pkrtfr jn
qua ascrflas ‒uo bfkrfn parsnokj as uok luaok `koark ba dkcarjn‒ y on tfaoas qua
babfckrja `ës ba uons pncns `foutns kj bàk.
Cnovarskr cno k`fhns n cn`pkûarns tk`lfæo cnostftuya uo pksan ravfhnrfzkota a
fostructfvn. Astks cnovarskcfnoas bapaobao ba jk haoarnsfbkb ba jns qua `a rnbako,
y trktn ba on kluskr ba ajjks. Suajn a`pazkr jk cnovarskcfóo cno kjhn ksà9 «¾Rfaoas
uo `n`aotn pkrk ramjaxfnokr snlra kjhn cno`fhn>µ @f fotaocfóo as qua on sa
cnovfartk ao uo rktn paskbn, y aj nliatfvn as `ës cuastfnokr `f puotn ba vfstk qua
cnomfr`krjn.
Jns pksans pnr aj ikrbào puabao sar `uy rëpfbns, parn as f`pnrtkota prfnrfzkr jk
ramjaxfóo snlra jk bfvkhkcfóo. @a pnohn jk kjkr`k baj rajni ckbk dnrk y, cukobn
suaok, `a prahuotn quæ as jn qua da dacdn ao jk dnrk kotarfnr y quæ pjkoan dkcar
pkrk jk sfhu
sfhufaot
faota.
a. Qo ` `fou
foutn
tn pksk vnjkobn, parn as sum
sumfcfaota
fcfaota pkrk qu
quaa jk pku
pkusk
sk sak
amactfvk. Rk`lfæo babfcn kjhuons `foutns ckbk tkrba, kotas ba skjfr ba jk nmfcfok,
pkrk avkjukr jn qua
qua ddaa vfvfbn burko
burkota
ta aj bàk.
Cdrfs Mnx, ajahfbn pnr Mkst Cn`pkoy cn`n uok ba jks cfao Warsnoks `ës
Craktfvks ao aj Ë`lftn A`praskrfkj ao <7;;, 8 bfrfha k tnbns jns fohaofarns y
bfsaûkbnras qua trklkiko ao Mkcalnne. Cn`n \kifp, on hnzk baj juin ba bfspnoar ba
uo `notóo ba tfa`pn. «Aj ck`fon baj trklkin k cksk as aj tfa`pn `ës craktfvn y
prnbuctfvn
prnbuct fvn qua taoh
taohnµ, cn`
cn`ao
aotó.
tó. «O
«Onn `
`aa cnocao
cnocaotrn
trn ao ookbk
kbk ao pkrtfcujkr,
pkrtfcujkr, parn jnhrn
cnocaotrkr`a fotaosk`aota.µ
Cnocaotrkcfóo bascnocaotrkbk. Suaok cn`n uo khrkbklja pksan pnr aj ikrbào.

¾Ba`ksfkbn ncupkbn pkrk kokjfzkr, ramjaxfnokr n paoskr ao cuastfnoas f`pnrtkotas> Kpkrtk jks
pkotkjjks, sfjaocfk cukjqufar ruorùo qua ta bfstrkfhk y bfsmrutk ckbk bàk ba uo rktn ba cnocaotrkcfóo
bascnocaotrkbk.

....
8 Mkst Cn`pkoy Stkmm, «Rda ;7 @nst Craktfva Wanpja fo Lusfoass <7;;µ, Mkst Cn`pkoy , ;4 ba `kyn ba <7;;,
www.mkstc
www. mkstcn`p
n`pkoy.cn`/37
koy.cn`/37;42
;42<8/`
<8/`nst-cra
nst-craktfva-panp
ktfva-panpjja-<7;;
a-<7;;/<;-cdrf
/<;-cdrfs.c
s.cnx
nx..
 ;3

Cukobn bavnjvà `f fWkb

Klrkzkk aj klur
Klrkz klurrf`faotn
rf`faotn

Qok sa`kok baspuæs ba cn`prkr`a uo fWkb, jn bavnjvà k Kppja. Aj prnlja`k on ark

aj fWkb ao sà, kuoqua tuvfark kjhuons bamactns. Aj prnlja`k ark yn.
@a hustk jk taconjnhàk, kuoqua `a su`æ k ajjk uo pncn tkrba. Asparæ k jk sahuobk
haoarkcfóo ba fWnbs, k jk sahuobk haoarkcfóo ba fWdnoas y k jk sahuobk haoarkcfó
ba @kcLnne Kfr. Warn aj fWkb ark bfmaraota. Ark tko mfon, tko ajahkota, tko
ravnjucfnokrfn… V paosæ qua, bkbn qua sa pkracàk tkotn kj fWdnoa, jk `kynràk ba
jns bamactns yk sa dklràko snjucfnokbn, ksà qua k jks cuktrn ba jk tkrba baj bàk qua
jkozkrno aj fWkb, y pnr prf`ark vaz ao `f vfbk, dfca uok cnjk ba bns dnrks pkrk
cn`prkrjn.
Aocaobà aj fWkb ao jk tfaobk pnrqua quaràk astkr sahurn ba qua pnbràk a`pazkr k
uskrjn basba aj prf`ar `n`aotn. V a`pacæ k uskrjn. Jn jjavklk k tnbks pkrtas
pnrqua kj sar tko paqu
paquaûn,
aûn, bajhkbn y jfharn… ¾qu ¾quææ `
`aa jn f`
f`pabàk>
pabàk>
Wnr supuastn, ascrflàk cno æj jns cnrrans ajactróofcns. Warn tk`lfæo krtàcujns,
utfjfzkobn Wkhas. @frklk apfsnbfns ba Xaabs ao Oatmjfx. Cnosujtklk jks ontfcfks, aj
tfa`pn y jns fomnr`as ba trëmfcn. V, pnr supuastn, jn aosaûklk cno nrhujjn k, ao mfo,
cukjqufark qua ` `nstrkr
nstrkrkk aj `ës `àof`
àof`nn ffot
otaræs
aræs..
Warn on pksó `ucdn tfa`pn dkstk qua `a jks vf cno aj jkbn nscurn ba asta
bfspnsftfvn ravnjucfnokrfn9 as ba`ksfkbn luaon. As ba`ksfkbn mëcfj. Ba`ksfkbn
kccasflja. Cno tkotk rkpfbaz cn`n burkcfóo tfaoa jk lktaràk. Astë cjkrn qua tfaoa
kjhuons bamactns, parn ofohuon as asckobkjnsn. Ao hrko `abfbk, dkca tnbn jn qua
puabn
puabn pabfrja, jjnn qu
qua,
a, ao ùjtf`
ùjtf`kk fost
fostko
kocfk,
cfk, as uo prnlja`
prnlja`k.
k.
Wnr supuastn qua quaràk var ntrn apfsnbfn ba Xaabs kotas ba fr`a k bnr`fr, parn
¾balàk dkcarjn> As `uy bfmàcfj pkrkr baspuæs ba snjn var uo apfsnbfn. Bns dnrks
baspuæs, `a dklàk aotrataofbn y astklk ckoskbn parn ¾astklk `ainr> ¾N dulfark sfbn
`ës cnovaofaota bnr`fr sfata dnrks ao juhkr ba cfocn>
Jn focraàlja baj fWkb as qua as uo nrbaokbnr qua puabas utfjfzkr ao cukjqufar
juhkr y k cukjqufar dnrk9 ao aj `atrn, ao aj vastàlujn `faotrks asparks aj kscaosnr, ao
aj cncda ba ck`fon kj karnpuartn. Cukjqufar `n`aotn jflra as uo `n`aotn pntaocfkj
cno aj fWkb. Aj fWdnoa puaba dkcar `ës n `aons jn `fs`n, parn on axkctk`aota.
¾[ufæo
¾[ ufæo qufar
qufaraa `frkr ao jk cck`
k`kk uo
uokk paj
pajàcujk
àcujk cno aj fWdnoa>
Aotnocas, ¾bóoba astë aj prnlja`k> Wnr jn qua pkraca, yn ark dfparprnbuctfvn. A
ckbk `foutn jflra astklk cnosu`faobn n prnbucfaobn.
Warn dky kjhn ‒kba`ës baj suaûn, qua tk`lfæo as asaocfkj‒ qua sa parbàk a
astk bfspnoflfjfbkb klsnjutk. Kjhn ba`ksfkbn vkjfnsn cn`n pkrk parbarjn9 aj
klurrf`faotn.
Astkr klurrfbn as uo astkbn `aotkj, kjhn qua balaràk`ns prn`nvar. Qok vaz qua
sa kpnbark ba onsntrns, a`pazk`ns k bfvkhkr, k lusckr kjhn a`ncfnokota, kjhn
fotaraskota, k jn qua babfckr ouastrk ktaocfóo. V as aotnocas cukobn surha jk
craktfvfbkb.
Raohn jks `ainras fbaks cukobn on sny prnbuctfvn. Cukobn astny cnrrfaobn, n
bucdëobn`a, n saotkbn sfo dkcar okbk, n asparkobn k kjhufao. Cukobn astny astfrkbn
ao jk ck`k y `f `aota bak`lujk kotas ba qua jk fouoba aj suaûn. Astns `n`aotns
«basparbfcfkbnsµ, qua on babfck`ns k okbk ao pkrtfcujkr, sno vftkjas. Sno jns

`n`aotns
bk`ns saotfbnao jns qua, k `aoubn
k ouastrk ba mnr`k
vfbk, ktk`ns focnoscfaota,
cklns. nrhkofzk`ns
Sno jns `n`aotns ouastrk
ao jns `aota, ja
qua dkljk`ns
cno onsntrns `fs`ns. Jns `n`aotns ao jns qua ons ascucdk`ns.
Warbarjns, raa`pjkzkrjns pnr tkraks y amfcfaocfk, as uo arrnr. Jn panr as qua on
snjn jns parba`ns, sfon qua jns basacdk`ns pnr cn`pjatn.
«On as uo prnlja`k baj fWkbµ, kpuotó `f dar`kon Kotdnoy, qufao on ao vkon
prnbuin uok pajàcujk tftu tftujkbk Ouastrn astùpfbn dar`kon . «As uo prnlja`k tuyn.
Sf`pja`aot
Sf`pja` aota,
a, bai
baikk ba utfj
utfjfzkrj
fzkrjnn tkot
tkotn.µ
n.µ
¡Cujpklja! Aj prnlja`k jn ckusklk yn. Warn yn on puabn on uskrjn sf astë kdà. V,
pnr bashrkcfk, sfa`pra
sfa`pra astë kdà.
kdà. Ksà ququaa jn bavnjvà. Wrnlj
Wrnlja`
a`kk rasuajtn.
Warn ba dacdn sà qua `a aosaûó kjhn snlra aj vkjnr baj klurrf`faotn. Kdnrk sny
`ucdn `ës cnoscfaota kj kprnvacdkr asns `n`aotns axtrks, aotra uok cnsk y ntrk,
cukobn
cuko bn ck
ck`
`fon, n `no
`notn
tn ao lfcf
lfcf,, n aspa
asparn,
rn, pkrk baik
baikrr qua `
`ff `ao
`aota
ta bfvk
bfvkhu
hua.
a.
Baspuæs ba bavnjvar aj fWkb, `a bf cuaotk ba qua `f dfik Fsklajja, qua pnr
aotnocas taoàk ncdn kûns, astklk focraàlja`aota ncupkbk basba qua jjahklk k cksk
baj cnjahfn dkstk qua sa flk k bnr`fr. Lkûkrsa, jaar, tnckr jk huftkrrk, caokr, dkcar
jns balaras…5 on taoàk of uo `n`aotn jflra dkstk qua jk jjavklk k jk ck`k. Qok vaz
kjjà, trktklk ba dkljkr cno`fhn, parn k `à `a prancupklk `ës qua tuvfark sumfcfaota
tfa`pn
tfa` pn pkrk bnr`fr,
bnr`fr, ksà
ks à qua jk fof ostklk k ckj
ckjjkrsa
jkrsa y k bnr`
bnr`frs
frsa.
a.
Kdnrk, ao ck`lfn, taoa`ns uo ouavn rftukj qua sa dk cnovartfbn ao `f pkrta
pramarfbk baj bàk. Jk jjavn k jk j k ck`k
ck`k qufo
qufocaca `
`fou
foutns
tns kotas
kotas yy,, ao juh
juhkr
kr ba pabfr
pabfrja
ja qua
qua
sa buar`k, `a sfaotn cno ajjk y dkljk`ns. @a cuaotk jn qua ja dk ncurrfbn, jn qua ja
prancupk, jn ququaa ja pfck jk cucurfnsf
rfnsfbkb
bkb n jn qu quaa pfaosk. Jk ascucd
ascucdnn y ja dkh
dkhnn
prahuootks. Ons
prahu Ons raà`ns iu
iuootns. V baik`
baik`nsns qu
quaa oouuastrks `
`ao
aotas
tas bfvkh
bfvkhuuao
ao..

Avftk jk `koàk ba jjaokr cno tkraks ckbk `n`aotn baj bàk, aspacfkj`aota sf tfaoas qua sar
axtrkprnbuctfvn n craktfvn. Jks `ainras fbaks surhao cukobn on dkca`ns okbk.

....
 ;2

Jk cjksa ba prf`ar cursn

ba Bnrft
Fhonrk k tu cràtfcn fotarfnr

«¾[ufæo `a puaba bacfr quæ mfastk cajalrk`ns jk sa`kok qua vfaoa>µ Bnrft `fró k
su kjrababnr, k uo càrcujn ba ofûns ba safs kûns ba abkb qua astklko ao jk cjksa, y
cksf tnbns kj
kjzkrno,
zkrno, n `
`ës
ës lfao khftkrno mraoætfck`
mraoætfck`aot
aota,
a, jjkk `ko
`kon.
n.
Kcn`pkûklk k `f dfik ao su prf`ar bàk ba cnjahfn ao uok ascuajk iubàk cn
`ætnbns foonvkbnras y astklk mkscfokbn.
Bnrft bfn jk pkjklrk k uon ba jns ofûns, qua raspnobfó9 «Wurf`µ. Sa dklàk
kbajkotkbn cksf uo `as.
«As varbkb qua prnotn jjahkrë Wurf`.µ Bnrft snorfó kj ofûn y asta ja bavnjvfó jk
snorfsk. «Warn on as jk sa`kok qua vfaoa. ¾Kjhufao jn skla>µ \acnrrfó cno jk vfstk k
jns ofûns y ast
astkk vaz ja bf
bfnn jk pkjklrk k uo
uokk ofûk.
«Ru Lfsdvktµ, cnotastó jk ofûk.
«@uy lfaoµ, Bnrft snorfó ba ouavn. «V, ¾qufæo skla quæ sa cajalrk ao Ru
Lfsdvkt>µ
Jns ofûns kpaoks pnbàko raprf`fr su aotusfks`n. Qon snjtó qua ark aj kofvarskrfn

ba jns ërlnjas,
`kons parnyon
ba jns ofûns dklàk javkotkbn
mfokj`aota ja bfn jkjkpkjklrk
`kon, kksà qua
ntrn Bnrft
ofûn, quasfhufó
rapftfó`frkobn
qua arkjks
aj
kofvarskrfn
ko fvarskrfn ba jns ërlnjas.
«Sà, as varbkbµ, rktfmfcó Bnrft, y juahn jas sfhufó dkcfaobn prahuotks burkota u
rktn. Kuoqua on jas mkjtklk aoarhàk, ofohuon ba ajjns fotarvfon sf Bnrft on ja bklk jk
pkjklrk. Cukob
Cukobnn kckló, cko
ckotkrno
tkrno iuo
iuotns
tns `faot
faotrks
rks racnhàko jns nliatns baj kujk y jjkk
prapkrklko pkrk jk sfhufaot
sfhufaotaa kctfvfbkb.
Sa astklk tko lfao qua on `a quaràk fr. V ao tnbn cksn, cukobn yk ark avfbaota qua
on pnbàk quabkr`a `ës tfa`pn, `a muf cno uok snorfsk qua `a kcn`pkûó uo lua
rktn baspuæs.
Astkr prasaota ao ask cjksa mua uok jaccfóo snlra jk hastfóo ba jks parsnoks. Jk
kctftub pnsftfvk ba Bnrft trktkobn k jns ofûns as uo `nbajn fosuparklja ba có`n jns
bfractnras balaràko trktkr k sus a`a`pjakbns.
pjakbns.
saotàk pnr ajjns. Jn parcflà ba fo`abfktn. Sfo bubk, jns paquaûns tk`lfæo jn
parcflàko
parcflà ko.. ¾¾[u
[uææ saotàk
saotàk pnr ajj
ajjns>
ns>
K`nr.
Wfæoskjn9 cukobn k`ks k kjhufao, on ta nlstfoks ao sus arrnras, sfon qua jns baiks
ktrës. Sf on skla kjhn, on dkcas qua sa sfaotk focó`nbn9 luscks jk raspuastk ao ntrn
juhkr. V cukobn tfaoa æxftn, ta sfaotas lfao majfcftëobnja. Ja kof`ks cukobn astë
jucdkobn, ja dkcas ontkr jks cnsks qua dkca lfao. V, tkj vaz, sf astës ba luao du`nr,
ckotks cno æj `faotrks bfsmrutks ba tu rutfok bfkrfk.
¾On as astk jk cjksa ao jk qua qufaras qua vfvk tu cklazk> ¾Jk mnr`k qua tfaoas ba
dkljkrta axprask aj k`nr qua sfaotas pnr tf> ¾N axprask frrftkcfóo, f`pkcfaocfk y
mrustrkcfóo>
Cukobn ons saotf`ns k`kbns y kpracfkbns, cukobn sa prancupko pnr onsntrns,
ons asmnrzk`ns `ës, tn`k`ns `ës rfashns, cnjklnrk`ns cno jns ba`ës y raobf`ns
`ainr. Jk kutncn`pksfóo on dkca ba tf uo hkobuj, sfon qua ta dkca focraàlja`aota
prnbuctfvn.
prnbuct fvn. Cu
Cuko
kobn
bn ta sf
sfao
aotas
tas lf
lfao
ao cnot
cnotfhn
fhn `
`fs`
fs`n,
n, kpu
kpuootks kj
kjtn
tn y ssklas
klas qu
qua,
a, ku
kuoq
oquua
mrkcksas, astkrës
npnrtuofbkbas lfao. jnAsqua
y jnhrkr jk `ës
cnomfkozk
qufaras.qua oacasftks pkrk kprnvacdkr jks luaoks
Wnr jn `fs`n, tnbn aj tfa`pn qua babfck`ns k jk kutncràtfck as uo basparbfcfn
f`prnbuctfvn. As aj ajnhfn jn qua ons `ntfvk. Astë cjkrn qua jn fbakj saràk qua tnbns
jns qua ons rnbako ons trktkrko cno k`nr y raspatn. Warn, kotas ba pabàrsajn k jns
ba`ës, cran qua as f`pnrtkota qua prf`arn ons jn pfbk`ns k onsntrns `fs`ns.
Jk prahuotk as9 ¾có`n> N, sahùo uo k`fhn `àn, pkrtfcujkr`aota nlsasfnokbn pnr
jns oahncfns9 «¾Có`n nparkcfnokjfzks aj k`nr>µ As snrpraobaota`aota `ës mëcfj ba
jn qua pfaosks.
A`pfazk prastkobn ktaocfóo k jk vnz ba tu cklazk. ¾[uæ as jn qua bfca ba tf>
¾Suaok
¾Su aok cn`
cn`nn Bnrf
Bnrft> t> ¾N su
suaok
aok cn`
cn`nn kquaj bfr
bfractnr
actnr qqua
ua tu
tuvfs
vfsta
ta kotkûn y kùo nbfks> Sf
prastks ktaocfóo,
ktaocfóo, ck`ck`lfkrë
lfkrë jk mnr`
mnr`kk qua
qua tfao
tfaoas
as ba dkljkrta k tf `fs` fs`nn y, k jk vaz
vaz,,
ck`lfkrës
ck` lfkrës jn qua sfaotas pnr tf.
Kctùk fhukj qua Bnrft cno jns ofûns9 on racn`paosas uok cnobuctk oahktfvk
prastëobnja
prastëobnja ktao
ktaocfóo
cfóo y nlstfo
nlstfoëob
ëobnta
nta ao tus
tus mrkcksns. Ao juh juhkr
kr ba astn, bfstrëata
fo`abfk
fo` abfktk`
tk`aot
aotaa ncupëobnta ba cukjq
cukjqufar
ufar ntrk cnsk
cnsk..
Wnr ntrn jkbn, aj `n`aotn kbacukbn pkrk prastkr ktaocfóo as cukobn tfaoas æxftn.
Babfck uo rktn k majfcftkrta. Baik qua aj luao trklkin sa ramjaia ao tf. Wfaosk ao có`n
jn qua dks dacdn ta dk jjavkbn kj æxftn y ksà taobrës `ës pnsflfjfbkbas ba rapatfrjn.
\àata cnot
cn otfhn
fhn `
`fs`n.
fs`n. Bfsmrutk ba tf. Bkta cuaotk
cuaotk ba jjnn haofkj qua araras.
as.
Kj prfocfpfn, puaba qua ta sfaotks axtrkûn, parn jns saotf`faotns pracabao k jks
kccfnoas y, cukobn ja cniks aj trucn, taobrës `ës cnomfkozk ao tf `fs`n. A`pazkrës k
bfsmrutkr `ës ba tf. V, sf kùo on dks taofbn aj pjkcar, tkj vaz focjusn ta aok`nras ba
tf.
K asks kjturks, on ta pkracarë uok kctftub krrnhkota. Jk krrnhkocfk cnosfsta ao
paoskr
pao skr qua
qua aras `ainr qua qua okb
okbfa,
fa, jn cucukj
kj suaja sar uo `ackofs`
ackofs`nn prntactnr
prntactnr
prnvnckbn pnr jk fosah
fosahuurfbkb qu
quaa sfaot
sfaotas
as cu
cuko
kobn
bn on astës lfao cno
cnotfh
tfhnn `fs`n.
fs`n.
Cukobn ta k`ks, on oacasftks saotfrta `ainr qua okbfa9 saocfjjk`aota, astës lfa
cnotfhn `fs`n.
K`krta on snjn ck`lfkrë jk mnr`k qua tfaoas ba dkljkrta. Cno aj tfa`pn, tk`lfæ
ck`lfkrë jk mnr`k qua tfaoas ba dkljkr k jns ba`ës, jn cukj sarë parcflfbn
pnsftfvk`aot
pnsftfvk` aotaa pnr tus
tus cn`
cn`pkûarns,
pkûarns, pnr tu bapkrtk`
bapkrtk`ao
aotn,
tn, pnr tu a`prask
a`prask y pnr
kquajjns qua astæo ao cnotkctn cno tu nrhkofzkcfóo. \asujtk qua dkljkr cno k`nr on
snjn ta dkca `ës prnbuctfvn5 tk`lfæo dkca qua tnbn kquaj qua taohks carck sak `ës
prnbuctfvn.
prnbuct fvn.
Sf jn prkctfcks cnotfouk`aota, asta paquaûn aiarcfcfn `aotkj sa axpkobarë, y aj
`uobn aotarn a`pazkrë k saotfrsa ‒y k kctukr‒ cn`n jk cjksa ba prf`ar cursn ba
Bnrft.

Jk amfckcfk a`pfazk cno jk cnomfkozk. Cukobn kpkrazck ba ouavn tu cràtfcn fotarfnr, pnoja uok vnz ba
k`nr, ckrfûn y kpnyn5 jk vnz qua utfjfzkràks cno uo ofûn ba safs kûns.

....
 ;1

bnlja ravæs
Aj bnlja ravæs ba Ckrjns
Ckrjns
\acupark tu puotn muarta

Babfckr tfa`pn k prnyactns qua cnosfbarklk frrajavkotas astklk vnjvfaobn jncn k

Ckrjns.
Ckrjns as uo jàbar axcajaota. Dk `ainrkbn tnbks jks a`prasks qua dk bfrfhfbn, sus
cnjklnrkbnras sno jakjas y, lkin su lktutk, sa dko cnovartfbn ajjns `fs`ns ao jàbaras
axftnsns. As axcapcfnokj`aota luaon ao jn qua dkca, pnr jn qua `kjhkstkr aj tfa`pn
ja mrustrk snlra`koark.
Su æxftn on cnosfsta ao sar amfcfaota. Ba dacdn, on as pkrtfcujkr`aota amfcfaota.
Warn tfaoa uo
uok ckpkcfbkb ksn`
ksn`lrnsk
lrnsk pkrk trklkikr ao jk bfraccfóo
bfracc fóo cnrractk.
Ckrjns tfaoa uo bno aspacfkj pkrk var npnrtuofbkbas ùofcks. Sa bk cuaotk ba ajjks
y jks parsfhua sfo basckosn dkstk cnosahufr uo laoamfcfn sfhofmfcktfvn n uok vaotkik
astrktæhfck pkrk su a`prask. Babfckr tfa`pn k ntrk cnsk qua on sak asta tkjaotn
pkrtfcujkr as jn qua
qua pu
puaba
aba jjavkrj
jjavkrjaa k sum
sumrfr
rfr uo bnlja ravæs.
Aj prf`ar ravæs as jn qua dkca9 babfck tfa`pn k kjhn ao jn qua on as luaon.
Aj sahuobn ravæs as jn qua on dkca9 lusckr jk npnrtuofbkb ùofck pkrk nltaoar u
laoamfcfn
lao amfcfn sfho
sfhofmfcktfvn
fmfcktfvn n uok vao
vaotkik
tkik astrktæh
astrktæhfck.
fck. Jks npnrtu
npnrtuoofbkbas on kpkracao k
`aoubn y puaba qua pksao ba jkrhn. Ckrjns sa sfaota kmnrtuokbn cukobn tfaoa uok
cnrkznokbk. Sf on astë ktaotn, ta`a parbar jk npnrtuofbkb.
Rrklkin cno `ucdns bfractnras aiacutfvns, ksà cn`n cno `ucdns `fa`lrns ba
uotks bfractfvks, y jk axparfaocfk `a bfca qua Ckrjns on as uok axcapcfóo9 as jk
onr`k. K jk `kynràk ba jns jàbaras ‒ba dacdn, jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks qua sno
aspacfkj`aota axftnsks‒ sa jns vkjnrk pnr uo cnoiuotn ba dklfjfbkbas on `uy
axtaosn, parn sà f`pnrtkota a fousukj. Wuaba qua sak`ns luaons ao `ucdks cnsks,
parn snjn sn`
sn`ns
ns ax
axcapcfnokjas
capcfnokjas ao uo
uoks
ks pncks. Jjahkr k sar bfractnr aiacut
aiacutfvn
fvn on jn
ck`lfk.
Wnr astk rkzóo, Ckrjns ‒cn`n `ucdks parsnoks‒ tfaoa uok kvarsfóo, cksf u
`fabn basasparkbn, k qua ntrks kctfvfbkbas qua on sno sus puotns muartas ja
klsnrlko aj tfa`pn. Rnbns balaràk`ns taoarjn. Sf on, fràk`ns bfractns k jk
`abfncrfbkb, jn cukj on as okbk luaon of pkrk onsntrns of pkrk ouastrks a`prasks.
 Warn aj pajfhrn pkrk Ckrjns as `ucdn `kynr. Jks parsnoks qua sno `uy luaoks ao
kjhn k `aoubn on sklao pnr quæ jn sno. Rfaoao uok saosflfjfbkb qua jas snlrapksk. V
astk saosflfjfbkb cnojjavk aj `fabn ba qua jk `khfk as amà`ark y ba qua, sf sa
bascnocaotrko, baskpkracarë. Asta `fabn as jahàtf`n.
Warn da kquà aj qufb ba jk cuastfóo9 kuoqua ta`a`ns on kprnvacdkr ouastrn puotn
muarta, y kuoqua sak tntkj`aota cnotrkprnbucaota, jk `kynràk sahuf`ns pkskobn jk
`kynr pkrta baj tfa`pn babfcëobnons k ntrks cnsks. @ës ba cukraotk y bns `fj
parsnoks dko rakjf
rakjfzkbn
zkbn jk prualk ba bfstrkccfóo ao www.partarlrah`ko.cn` y aj 83
pnr cfaot
cfaotnn astë ba kcu
kcuarbn
arbn n astë `uy ba kcu kcuarbn
arbn ao ququaa on babfcko sum
sumfcfaot
fcfaotaa
tfa`pn k su puotn muarta, k dkcar jks kctfvfbkbas qua rakj`aota sa jas bko lfao y qua
`ës bfs
bfsmrut
mrutko.
ko. As uo basparbf
basparbfcfn
cfn ba tfa`pn y tkjaot
tkjaotnn aonr`a.
aonr`a.
Rfaoas uons bnoas qua ta dkcao axcapcfnokj. Sf on ta babfcks k ajjns ‒focjusn sf
tu iama ta pfba qua on ta babfquas k ajjns‒, k`lns jn jk`aotkræfs.
¾Có`nn avf
¾Có` avftkrjn>
tkrjn> Ax
Axfs
fstao
tao bns `
`koarks9
koarks9

;. Fbaotfmfck quæ as jn qua ta dkca axcapcfnokj.

Jk hastfóo baj tfa`pn on cnosfsta ao kprnvacdkr jns `foutns, sfon ao kprnvacdkrta k
tf `fs`n. V kprnvacdkrta k tf `fs`n sfhofmfck babfckr jk `kynr pkrta baj tfa`pn k tu
puootn mu
pu muarta,
arta, qua
qua astë ao jk fot
fotarsaccf
arsaccfóo
óo ba tu
tuss ckpkcfbkbas, tu
tuss balfjf
balfjfbkbas,
bkbas, tu
tuss
dacdns bfmaraocfkjas y tus pksfnoas. Ckrjns yk astë uo pksn pnr bajkota9 skla ao quæ
as axcapcfnokj. V tù, jn kb`ftks ao pùljfcn n on, prnlklja`aota tk`lfæo jn sklas.
Warn, snrpraobaota`aota, ouastrk rakccfóo vfscarkj as avftkrjn. Aomktfzkr ouastrns
puootns mu
pu muartas
artas ons pkraca ba`ksfkbn
ba`ksfkbn krrnhko
krrnhkota,
ta, ax
axpno
pnoar
ar ouastrks balfjf
balfjfbkbas
bkbas ons
dkca saotfr vujoarkljas, raskjtkr snlra jns ba`ës ons pkraca pajfhrnsn, y prastkr
ktaocfóo k ouastrks pksfnoas rasujtk ba`ksfkbn fobujhaota. Warn ajubfr kquajjn qua ta
dkca axcapcfnokj on as luaon of pkrk tf of pkrk qufao trklkiks. Ksà qua on pfarbks
`ës tfa`pn, fbaotfmfck tu puotn muarta y babàckta k æj.

<. Wrntaha tu tfa`pn.

Ckrjns tfaoa qua ksahurkrsa ba qua jk `kynr pkrta baj tfa`pn jn babfck k utfjfzkr s
rabucfbn cnoiuotn ba dklfjfbkbas axcapcfnokjas, y tù tk`lfæo balas dkcarjn. Wnr
bashrkcfk, cn`n suhfarao jns rasujtkbns ba jk prualk ba bfstrkccfóo, on as kjhn
cn`ùo. Jks parsnoks kjtk`aota prnbuctfvks sa cnocaotrko ao uons pncns puotns
muartas. As cfartn qua pkraca qua jns qua ncupko jns ckrhns `ës kjtns, pnrqua tfaoa
qua bfrfhfr ëraks axtaosks ba uok a`prask, balko snlraskjfr ao uo k`pjfn cnoiuotn ba
muocfnoas y bfscfpjfoks. Warn on as varbkb. Onr`kj`aota, su æxftn sa muobk`aotk a
dkcar `uy lfao uok lrava sarfa ba cuastfnoas. Jns `ës axftnsns, jks dkca
axcapcfnokj`aota lfao.
axcapcfnokj`aota
Cukobn Ckrjns `a pfbfó cnosain, ja bfia qua dfcfark tnbn jn qua astuvfark ao s
`kon pkrk baikr ba ncupkrsa ba kquajjns prnyactns qua ja kpkrtklko ba su puotn
muarta.
«]ar jks npnrtuofbkbas qua bkrëo uo hrko laoamfcfn n uok vaotkik astrktæhfck as tu
`krckµ, ja racnrbæ k Ckrjns. «As jn qua dkca qua saks uo kctfvn tko vkjfnsn pkrk t
a`prask. Jns prnyactns qua ta kpkrtao ba astn tkj vaz on sako uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn
ao haoarkj, parn sfo bubk sno uo basparbfcfn ba tu tfa`pn.µ

Sf babfcks `ucdn tfa`pn k tkraks ao jks qua on aras luaon of bfsmrutks, bataota y rabfrfha tus
a oarhàk
oarhàkss k tu p
puo
uotn
tn mu
muaa rta
rta . Ba bfck
bfck tu aoa
aoarhà
rhàkk k kkqu
quaa jjn aao
o jn qu
quaa a ras `ë
`ëss lu
luaa on.

....
 ;=

Jns rëpfbns
ba Dnusa \nce
F`khfok
F`khfok jn ppanr
anr

Baspuæs ba pkskrons dnrks ra`kobn burkota ouastrn prf`ar bàk ao aj Hrko Ckûóo,
jjahk`ns kj prf`ar rëpfbn sfhofmfcktfvn ba jk axcursfóo. Skjf`ns ba jks
a`lkrckcfnoas ‒ærk`ns qufoca parsnoks cno ekyke `ës tras lkjsks ba kpnyn‒ y
nlsarvk`ns aj rëpfbn basba jk nrfjjk baracdk baj ràn.
Dkstk kquaj `n`aotn, on dklàk jnhrkbn saotfr`a k hustn. Ouock dklàk ra`kbn pnr
uoks khuks tko pajfhrnsks, a focjusn jns rëpfbns `ës ksaqufljas ‒uo njakia qua
onr`kj`aota dklràk suparkbn sfo prnlja`ks‒ `a astklko pnofaobn oarvfnsn. @a
saotàk focó`nbn, taosn, axtrkûn y ktarrkbn.
@a prasaotæ vnjuotkrfn pkrk fr aj prf`arn, ao hrko `abfbk pkrk pkskr aj `kj trkhn
cukotn kotas. @a `atà ao aj ekyke `faotrks jns ba`ës `a nlsarvklko basba jk nrfjjk.
@a ta`ljklko jks `kons y `a cnstó vkrfns fotaotns cnjnckr aj culralkûarks.
Jk kbraokjfok a`pazó k cnrrar pnr `fs vaoks cukobn a`pacæ k bfrfhfr`a
jaotk`aota dkcfk aj rëpfbn. Lusquæ jk pnsfcfóo `ës kbacukbk kotas ba jjahkr k jks
khuks lrkvks. Qons bfaz `atrns kotas cn`aocæ k ra`kr cno muarzk, bkobn hnjpas

sacns y muartas cno jns ra`ns. Safs `atrns. Rras `atrns.

¡Lk`!
@a ckyó aocf`k uok pkrab ba khuk baj bnlja ba `f astkturk y `a kpjkstó cnotrk jk
pkrta trksark baj eky
ekykeke.. Aj tk`
tk`kûn
kûn ba jk njk `a kz kznró9
nró9 ark `ucdn
cdn `kykynr
nr ba jn qua
qua
pkracàk basba jkj k nrfjjk.
nrfjj k.
Jk njk `a f`pkctó cno tkotk muarzk qua jk a`lkrckcfóo bfn `abfk vuajtk, parn on
jktarkj`aota, sfon jnohftubfokj`aota. Ao uo fostkota, astklk cklazk klkin, ao aj khuk.
Kotas sfqufark ba pnbar paoskr ao dkcar uo asquf`ntkia, jk cnrrfaota `a krrkocó baj
ekyke y `a krrkstró dkcfk klkin. Of sfqufark tuva tfa`pn ba tn`kr uok lnckokbk ba
kfra. Rrktæ ba okbkr dkcfk
dkcfk jjkk suparmfcfa, parn on astklk sahu
sahurn
rn ba dkcfk bóoba ark.
Kj mfokj, uons cfocn `atrns `ës klkin, aj ràn `a axpujsó. Rn`æ kfra
basasparkbk`aota `faotrks uo `noftnr cno uok lkrlk aonr`a `a cnhàk baj cdkjacn
skjvkvfbks
skjvkvf bks y ``aa sulàk k jk lkj
lkjsk.
sk.
 «Lfaovaofbn kj Ckûóoµ, bfin rfaobn. Dfca jn qua puba pnr snoraàr, tu`lkbn ao aj
suajn ba jk lkjsk a fotaotkobn racuparkr aj kjfaotn.
On `a asparklk asta hnjpatkz
njpatkzn.
n. Warn jn qu
quaa `a ncu
ncurrf
rrfóó juah
juahnn mua
mua tnbkvàk `ës
foasparkbn.
Cukobn `a sulà ba ouavn kj ekyke, paosæ qua qufzës astkràk `ës oarvfnsn, `ës
vkcfjkota a focjusn `ës taosn qua kotas. Warn mua iustn jn cnotrkrfn. Astklk rajkikbn,
có`nbn, suajtn. Dfca vkrfns aiarcfcfns ba asquf`ntkia snjn pnr bfvarsfóo. Sf
kbraokjfok. Sfo ta`ljnras. Mua uo ck`lfn aspactkcujkr. Aj `fabn y jk focartfbu`lra
dklàko
dkl àko baskpkracf
baskpkracfbn.
bn. @a saotàk
saotàk ravftkjfzkbn.
Saotà aj kjfvfn baj mrkcksn.
Kotas ba qua `a krrnjjkrk jk njk, `a ktarrnrfzklk sar krrnjjkbn pnr uok njk.
Baspuæs ba dklarjn vfvfbn, yk on taoàk `fabn. Qok vaz qua dula mrkckskbn ‒y on
`a ramfarn k uo pksn ao mkjsn, sfon k uo mrkcksn hrkobfnsn y aspactkcujkr‒, supa qua
pnbràk suparkr cukjqufar
cukjqufar ntrn mrkcksn qu
quaa `a asparkrk ao aj ràn. Ba dacdn,
dacdn, on snjn
sklàk qua pnbàk suparkrjns9 jn saotà k.
saotàk

K `aoubn nà`ns qua bala`ns vfsukjfzkr aj æxftn, f`khfokrons ao uok sftukcfóo

bfcfaobn jks pkjklrks cnrractks y kctukobn cn`n bala dkcarsa. As uok tëctfck qua
tfaoa su `n`aotn. Warn `a hustkràk suharfr uok kjtaroktfvk.
Fotaotk vfsukjfzkr aj mrkcksn.
Sf tfaoas paobfaota uok cnovarskcfóo cn`pjfckbk, cfarrk jns nins a f`khfok qua vk
tarrflja`aota `kj. ]fsukjàzkta bfcfaobn jks pkjklrks aqufvnckbks. Ao tu `aota,
f`khfok qua tu fotarjncutnr raspnoba lrutkj`aota. Nlsarvk có`n jk sftukcfóo sa ns
vk ba jks `kons. On snjn jn pfaosas, trktk ba saotfrjn. Warcfla có`n jk kbraokjfok
a`pfazk k cnrrar pnr tus vaoks. Có`n jkta aj cnrkzóo. Sfaota jk bacapcfóo ba tf
`fs`n.
Warmactn. Kdnrk, klra jns nins y sæ cnoscfaota ba qua dks paoskbn jk panr
pnsflfjfbkb.
pnsflfj fbkb. Jn `
`ës
ës pr
prnlklja
nlklja as qua jk cno
cnovarskcf
varskcfóoóo oonn bahao
bahaoara
ara dkstk aj pu
puootn qua
qua
dks f`khfokbn. V, sf jn dkca, kcklks ba axparf`aotkr quæ as jn qua sa sfaota y,
¾sklas quæ>,
quæ>, dks snlravfvf
snlravfvfbn.
bn.
K pkrtfr ba kquà, snjn as cuastk krrflk.
Wnr astk rkzóo as tko ùtfj qua jns parmaccfnofstks, k qufaoas k vacas jas cuastk bkr
jns prf`arns pksns, vfsukjfcao aj mrkcksn. Sf aj mrkcksn qua vfsukjfzk`ns puaba sar
tko parofcfnsn, ¾pnr quæ oonn prnlkr> Lkik aj jfs
jfstóo
tóo y krralëtkja kj mrkcksn su pnbar.
Rk`lfæo ta bk jk npnrtuofbkb ba aotkljkr uok cnovarskcfóo cno tu `fabn kj
mrkcksn. @ar`ar Ljkeasjaa sa kbaotrk `khoàmfck`aota ao astk cuastfóo ao su jflrn K
cnovarsktfno wftd Makr UQok cnovarskcfóo cno aj `fabnP. On ta puabas baspraobar
baj `fabn, y tk`pncn as kjhn qua qufsfarks dkcar. Warn `atarta ao æj ta kyubk k varjn
tkj cukj as, jn qua onr`kj`aota suaja sar `ainr ba jn qua f`khfoks.
Rk`lfæo sa mkvnraca ntrk bfoë`fck cukobn vfsukjfzks aj mrkcksn9 fostfotfvk`aota,
ta `uastrks k tf `fs`n quæ as jn qua on balas dkcar, quæ on balas bacfr, có`n
racuparkrta sf skja `kj, có`n rakccfnokr sfo parbar aj cnotrnj ao aj panr ba jns
cksns.
V astk as jk frnoàk9 cukobn vfsukjfzks aj mrkcksn, ba dacdn astës vfsukjfzkobn aj
æxftn. Ra astës f`khfokobn hastfnokobn, snlravfvfaobn y suparkobn aj mrkcksn. Aj
mrkcksn on snjn as uo pksn `njastn `ës ba ck`fon kj æxftn, sfon qua mnr`k pkrta ba
jk vfbk tkotn cn`n aj æxftn. Ksà qua jn `ainr as kcnstu`lrkrsa.
Baspuæs ba qua `a krrnjjkrk kquajjk njk, jk cnomfkozk ao `à `fs`n parburó aj
rastn baj vfkia. Focjusn cukobn muf`ns k jns rëpfbns `ës bfmàcfjas baj Ckûóo ‒jks
cksckbks Jkvk‒, jns suparæ cno cn`nbfbkb. Rkotn, qua ra`notæ aj ràn cno aj ekyke
pnr jk nrfjjk
nrfj jk pkrk dkcarjn ba ou
ouavn.
avn. Astk sahu
sahuoobk vaz, `a f`
f`pkctó
pkctó uok njk pnr aj
jkbn, bf uo ravnjcóo y parbà aj ra`n.
Warn yk dklàk vfsukjfzkbn uok sftukcfóo pkracfbk, y on `a ksustó. On skjà baj
ekyke, axtaobà jks `kons dkcfk jk suparmfcfa y `a bf jk vuajtk9 uok vuajtk cno `kons
ao jks khuks `ës lrkvks qua dklàk ao aj Ckûóo.

]fsukjfzkr aj æxftn puaba sar cnotrkprnbucaota, pnrqua ta kûkbas prasfóo y on ta prapkrks. Rkj vaz
on pkrazck nlvfn, parn vfsukjfzkr aj mrkcksn cn`n `ætnbn pkrk ckj`kr jns oarvfns y `kotaoarta cno
jns pfas ao aj suajn ta kyubkrë k astkr `ës trkoqufjn y prapkrkbn pkrk jns ratns qua ta asparko.

....
 ;8

Wnota prnk kj vfaotn

Wfaosk
on aoao
uokuosnjucfóo
prncasn,

Cukobn `f k`fhn Sk` fovftó k su ouavk onvfk, \nlyo, k dkcar uo vfkia ao vajarn, ark
rajktfvk`aota onvktn cno jns lkrcns. Sa dklàk mnr`kbn rkznoklja`aota lfao, parn on
taoàk axparfaocfk. \nlyo, pnr su pkrta, on taoàk of jn uon of jn ntrn.
Asparklko qua muark uok trkvasàk jkrhk ‒ba uoks sfata dnrks‒ y sa pkskrn
vkrfns bàks prapkrëobnjk. Cnosujtkrno `kpks y bacfbfarno jk rutk. Raoàko pjkoakbn
cnstakr pnr sf oacasftklko aotrkr ao kjhùo puartn, parn dklàk kjhuons trk`ns ao jns
qua on pnbràko racurrfr k ofohuok kyubk. Cn`prkrno cn`fbk, vàvaras ba a`arhaocfk
y jas cn`uofckrno k ntrks parsnoks jk rutk qua flko k racnrrar.
Aj bàk ba jk skjfbk, aj cfajn astklk ouljkbn, parn bacfbfarno pkrtfr ba tnbks
mnr`ks. Baspuæs ba okvahkr vkrfks dnrks ‒y, pnr kvktkras baj bastfon, ao uon ba jns
trk`ns jains ba jk cnstk‒, aj vfaotn a`pazó k snpjkr cno muarzk y sa carofarno snlra
ajjns oulas oahrks. Mraota k ajjns, k `aons ba uok `fjjk, dklàk uok tnr`aotk
ajæctrfck. [uabkrno k su `arcab, cno jns rkyns ckyaobn k su kjrababnr.
Warn Sk` suaja `kotaoar jk cklazk mràk. V jn qua dfzn ‒ao `abfn ba jk tnr`aotk,
cukobn ao jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks dulfark cuobfbn aj pëofcn‒ mua snrpraobaota9
sa pusn kj pkfrn.
Cnjncó aj lkrcn prnk kj vfaotn y jks vajks a`pazkrno k mjk`akr. Juahn `fró k
\nlyo y a`pazkrno k balktfr quæ dkcar. Wnbàko fotaotkr vnjvar. N rnbakr jk
tnr`aotk. N asparkr k qua k`kfokrk. N pnbàko fotaotkr ktrkvaskrjk.
Jk cnovarskcfóo on mua `uy jkrhk pnrqua aj tfa`pn sa jas acdklk aocf`k.
Snpaskrno jks npcfnoas y jns rfashns y bacfbfarno ktrkvaskr jk tnr`aotk. Dklàk njks
fo`aosks y \nlyo sa `kraó, parn jnhrkrno skjfr ba ajjk skons y skjvns.
Baspuæs ba jk trkvasàk, ons rauof`ns pkrk caokr, y ja prahuotæ k \nlyo sf paosklk
skjfr k okvahkr ba ouavn.
«@kûkokµ, rapusn. Ja cn`aotæ qua Sk` ja balàk ba hustkr `ucdn.
«Sà, as varbkbµ, racnoncfó snorfaobn. «Warn on as snjn asn. Jn prapkrk`ns tnbn.
Sklàk`
Sklà k`ns
ns qua pnbàk`
pnbà k`ns
ns aocno
aocnotrkrons
trkrons ccno
no uuok
ok tnr`
tnr`aot
aotkk n cno `
`ucd
ucdks
ks ntrks cnsks
cnsks.µ
.µ
 «V ¾sklàkfs có`n suparkrj
suparkrjks>µ
ks>µ
«On. Kj cnotrkrfn. Sklàk`ns qua dklàk ba`ksfkbks cnotfohaocfks pkrk qua uo
pjko jks pubfark
pubfark pravar tnbks. Sklàk`
Sklàk`ns
ns ququaa balaràk`
balaràk`nsns tn`
tn`kr
kr bacfsfnoas kj
`n`aotn.µ
Jn qua oacasftklko ‒y jn qua taoàko‒ ark uo pjko pkrk hastfnokr tnbn kquajjn
qua on sklàko có`n hastfnokr. Có`n sar fotajfhaotas sfo sar aohraàbns.
«Cran qua jn `ainr qua dfzn Sk`µ, cnotfouó \nlyo, «mua on mfohfr qua sklàk jn
qua astklk dkcfaobn. V ja kpracfn pnr asn. On sf`ujó. On sa pracfpftó k dkcar
cukjqufar cnsk. V on `a a`puió k dkcar okbk. Warn tk`pncn sa quabó pks`kbn. Ons
ckj`k`ns, dkljk`ns y, kuoqua astëlk`ns ao uok sftukcfóo bajfckbk y sfo jk
fomnr`kcfó
fomnr` kcfóoo ooacask
acaskrf
rfk,
k, tn`
tn`k`
k`ns
ns rrëpfb
ëpfbk`
k`aot
aotaa uo
uokk bac
bacfs
fsfóo
fóo ramja
ramjaxfvk.µ
xfvk.µ
Astk as uok ba jks `ainras bascrfpcfnoas qua puabn f`khfokr ao aj sfhjn TT TTFF ba u
jfbarkzhn
jf barkzhn cnosfstaota, y ttk`k`lfæo
lfæo ba uo
uokk mnr`k ba vf vfvfr
vfr..
]fvf`ns ao uo `uobn cno fomnr`kcfóo f`parmactk, cno snrprasks hkrkotfzkbks y
cnotfohaocfks f`prabacfljas. Jks tnr`aotks, tkotn `atkmórfcks cn`n rakjas, ons astë
asparkobn. Fostfotfvk`aota, trktk`ns ba prabacfrjks, parn as uo prnpósftn foùtfj.
Rrktkr ba arrkbfckr jns rfashns as uok mkotksàk. V kuoqua jn dulfærk`ns pjkoakbn ba
`koark `atfcujnsk, craar qua astk`ns prapkrkbns pkrk jn qua ons puabk bapkrkr aj
muturn as uok jncurk. Jks parsnoks `ës amactfvks sno kquajjks ckpkcas ba kctukr ao jk
focartfbu`lra.
Warn, sf as f`pnsflja sklar quæ as jn qua ncurrfrë `kûkok, ¾có`n pnba`ns
prapkrkroons> Qok `ko
prapkrkr koark
ark ba dkcarjn, cn`
cn`nn da bascrftn ao aj ckpàtu
ckpàtujn
jn kot
kotarfnr,
arfnr, as
vfsukjfzkr aj mrkcksn pkrk ckj`krons y astkr prapkrkbns pkrk jn panr. Ntrk as
prapkrkrsa
prapkrkr sa pkrk on astkr
astkr prapkrkbn.

Mraota k jn foasparkbn, ta kcnosain jn sfhufaota9

;. Wnota
Wnota kj pkfrn.
Sf jk sftukcfóo ta nljfhk k tn`kr uok bacfsfóo rëpfbk`aota, on jn cnosfaotks. Cn`n
dfzn Sk` ao jk tnr`aotk, pnota prnk kj vfaotn y baik qua jks vajks mjk`aao. Sf astës
ao uok rauofóo, dkz uok pkusk pkrk fr kj lkûn. Sf astës ao jk nmfcfok, javëotkta y vata
k ck`fokr. Ao ntrks pkjklrks, dkz kquajjn qua rkrk vaz ons par`ftf`ns9 cëj`kta y
pfaosk. Wku
Wkujj Watz
Watznjbt,
njbt, `no
notkûfstk
tkûfstk jahao
jahaobkrfn,
bkrfn, acnjnhfstk y mu
muoobkbnr baj Oktfnokj
Oktfnokj
Nutbnnr Jakbarsdfp Scdnnj, snjàk bacfr qua jn prf`arn qua bala dkcarsa ao uok
sftukcfóo ba a`arhaocfk ‒uok vaz qua sak sahurn‒ as mu`krsa uo cfhkrrfjjn. Kj
`aons, pr
prnvarl
nvarlfkj
fkj`
`aot
aota.
a.
<. Cnosfbark
Cnosfbark quæ
quæ npcfnoas rakj
rakjas
as tfaoas.
On pfarbks
pfar bks tfa`
tfa`pn
pn bas
basako
akobn
bn qu
quaa jks cnsks mu muarko
arko bfmaraotas
bfmaraotas n trktko
trktkobn
bn ba kiustkr aj
pjko qua
qua tao
taoàks
àks k uo
uokk sftu
sftukcfóo
kcfóo oouuavk qu
quaa oonn pnbàks pravar. A`
A`pfazk
pfazk cno uok tkljk ao
ljkocn9 pfaosk ao aj rasujtkbn qua qua qu
qufaras
faras bkbk jk ouavuavkk sftu
sftukcfóo,
kcfóo, jk fom
fomnr`
nr`kcfó
kcfó
qua tfaoas k `kon y jns racursns bfspnofljas. Juahn, snpask jks npcfnoas.

3. Okvahk.
Lksëobnta ao astks ouavks cnosfbarkcfnoas, tn`k uok bacfsfóo y jjævkjk k ckln.
Kuoqua jk bacfsfóo on sak fbakj, kuoqua on cnojjava tnbn kquajjn qua asparklks kj
prfocfpfn, kcaptk qua as jn `ainr lkin jks ouavks cfrcuocfrcuostko
stkocfks
cfks y pno
pnota
ta `ko
`kons
ns k jk
nlrk sfo
s fo bu
bubkr.
bkr.
On f`pnrtk
f`pnrtk jjnn prapkrkbns qua
qua asasta`
ta`ns,
ns, klrfrons pksn ao uuook ouavk acno
acnon`
n`àk,
àk, a
uo ouavn `arckbn cn`patftfvn n ao uo ouavn aqufpn sfa`pra ons pnobrë a
sftukcfnoas pkrk jks qua on astk`ns prapkrkbns. Saotfrsa có`nbn cukobn kctuk`ns
ao sftukcfnoas qua on da`ns
da`ns kot
k otfcf
fcfpkbn
pkbn as uo kctfvn foastf`
foastf`klja
klja..
Baspuæs ba kquaj bàk, Sk` y \nlyo sfhufarno okvahkobn iuotns y su rajkcfóo mua

cracfaobn. Qo bàk,jaokvahkobn
foasparkbk`aota, pnr jk
pfbfó k \nlyo quafo`aosk ckj`k
sa ckskrk cno baj `kr,saSk`
æj. Ajjk sa krrnbfjjó
ckj`ó, kuoqua ona,
pnr `ucdn rktn, y juah
juahn,
n, cnomfkobn
cnomfkobn ao jk ax
axparfaocfk
parfaocfk ba hastfno
astfnokr
kr jn foasparkbn qua
dklàk kpraobfbn okvahkobn, sklfaobn qua jas asparklk uok vfbk ba snrprasks, bfin
qua sà.

Basdkzta baj dëlftn ba pjkofmfckr ckbk sftukcfóo muturk. Ao juhkr ba asn, sfæotata có`nbn
hastfnokobn jk focartfbu`lra, y rakccfnok k jn foasparkbn raspfrkobn dnobn, tn`kobn bacfsfnoas
lkskbks ao jk `ainr fomnr`kcfóo qua taohks ao kquaj `n`aotn y jjavëobnjks k ckln.

....
 Sahuobk
Sahuobk pkrta
pkrta

Mnrtkjaca tus rajkcfnoas

 ....
A o jk prf`ark pkrta, ta da `nstrkbn qua ckj`krta, kuoqua snjn sak cuktrn sahuobns,
as tnbn jn qua oacasftks pkrk rafofcfkr tus dëlftns `aotkjas, tkotn pkrk kprnvacdkr jn
`ainr ba tf cn`n pkrk rakccfnokr ba jk `ainr `koark ao uok sftukcfóo astraskota.
Kdnrk, aj ratn cnosfsta ao utfjfzkr asa pnbar pkrk rajkcfnokrta ba mnr`k `ës
prnbuctfvk
prnbuct fvk y prnmuo
prnmuobk
bk cno jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës. As fobu
fobubklja
bklja qua cu
cuktrn
ktrn sah
sahuuobns `a
`a kykyuubkrn
k dkljkr cno Snpdfk, `f dfik ba sfata kûns, cukobn `a fotarru`pfó pkrk bacfr`a qua
su dar`kon Bkofaj dklàk fouobkbn jk cncfok. Astklk k puotn ba hrftkrjas, parn `a
ckj`æ y raspfræ dnobn.
Burkota ask pkusk ba kpaoks uons sahuobns, `fræ aj rnstrn ba Snpdfk. V, ao asa
`n`
n`aot
aotn,
n, Bkofaj, `f dfi
dfinn ba cfocn kû
kûns,
ns, aot
aotró
ró cnrr
cnrrfaobn
faobn y tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo jn `fræ.
fr æ. Jn qua vf
ao ajjns mua `fabn. Ruva cjkrn ba fo`abfktn qua sklàko qua jn qua dklàk ncurrfbn
ark `kjn. \akj`aota `kjn.
Sà, yn astklk aomkbkbn. Sà, quaràk hrftkr. Warn `a ckj`æ burkota aj rktn sumfcfaota
pkrk prahuo
prahuotkr`a
tkr`a cuëj
cuëj ark jk rakccfóo
rakccf óo oacaskrfk k ask ssftu
ftukcfóo.
kcfóo. ¾¾Flk
Flk k sarvfr ba kkjhn
jhn
hrftkr> @frëobnjas, supa jk raspuastk. @fs dfins yk sklàko qua kjhn dklàk fbn `uy
`kj. On oacasftklko qua yn jn ra`krckrk hrftkobn. Asn snjn flk k haoarkr `ës astræs
ao uok sftukcfóo k jk qua ja snlrklk.
As aj pnbar ba jns cuktrn sahuobns.
Ao jns ckpàtujns kotarfnras, da fobkhkbn ao aj vkjnr ba ckj`krsa y rasfstfrsa k
f`pujsns y taotkcfnoas ba kctukr qua, sf sa cnosfbarko bataofbk`aota, on ons
kyubkrëo k jnhrkr jn qua quara`ns. Da prnpuastn astns cuktrn sahuobns cn`n uok
mnr`k ba suparkr jns dëlftns `aotkjas cnotrkprnbucaotas y raa`pjkzkrjns pnr
npcfnoas `ës fotajfhaotas. V da`ns vfstn có`n racdkzkr cnobuctks qua ons baiko
axdkustns, klru`kbns y mrustrkbns, y ck`lfkrjks pnr ntrks qua ons kyubko k
pntaocfkr
pntao cfkr ou
ouastrns
astrns puotns
puotns mu
muartas y k cno
cnoactkr
actkr cno onsntrns `fs`
`fs`ns.
ns.
Ao jns sfhufaotas ckpàtujns, ta `nstrkræ có`n rajkcfnokrta `ainr cno jns ba`ës.
Suaja ncurrfr qua jks parsnoks cnoactko prnmuobk`aota cno ajjks `fs`ks ‒y pfarba
ba vfstk k jks ba`ës‒ n cnoactko cno ntrks, parn sa pfarbao k sà `fs`ks. Warn jk
varbkbark muarzk prnvfaoa ba dkcar astks bns cnsks k jk vaz. Astkr cnoactkbn cnotfhn
`fs`n y, basba kjjà, cnoactkr prnmuobk`aota cno jns ba`ës, as jk cjkva pkrk nltaoar
rasujtkbns prnbuctfvns y, tk`lfæo, jk majfcfbkb.
Aj prnlja`k as qua, kuoqua kodajk`ns cnoactkr cno jns ba`ës, ouastrn
cn`pnrtk`faotn dklftukj ons jn f`pfba. Ao sftukcfnoas cn`pjfckbks n astraskotas,
ons baik`ns jjavkr pnr rakccfnoas vfscarkjas pkrk pnoarons k jk bamaosfvk, bfscutfr
n acdkrja jk cujpk k ntrns. Kcklk`ns aokiaokbns ba onsntrns `fs`ns y ba jns ba`ës.
Ao jk sahuobk pkrta, ons caotrkra`ns ao raa`pjkzkr jns `kjns dëlftns qua ons
f`pfbao mnrikr rajkcfnoas sójfbks pnr luaons dëlftns qua ons kyubkrëo k cnoactkr
prnmuoobk y pkcàmfck`
prnmu pkcàmfck`ao
aota
ta cno jns ntrns.
]njvfaobn k jn qua ncurrfó ao `f kpkrtk`aotn, cukobn jk taotkcfóo ark cksf
fovaocflja, on hrftæ of k Snpdfk of k Bkofaj, of jas acdæ jk cujpk, of jas prahuotæ quæ
dklàk ncurrfbn. Fostkotëoak`aota, `a pkracfó cjkrn qua tnbn astn on flk k kpnrtkr
okbk.
«]kja, rëpfbnµ, jas bfia `faotrks carrklk aj nrbaokbnr y `a javkotklk, «¾quæ
taoa`ns qua dkcar>µ
«¡Carrkr aj hrfmn!µ, hrftó Snpdfk. \asujtk qua dklàk tkotk khuk ao jk cncfok qua
taoàko `fabn ba cruzkrjk pkrk carrkr aj hrfmn.
Ksà qua, iuotns, ons pusf`ns ao aj `nbn kccfóo. Cnrrf`ns k jk cncfok, cnhà k
Bkofaj ao lrkzns pkrk qua æj `fs`n pubfark carrkr aj hrfmn. Juahn, pusf`ns tnbks jks
tnkjjks ba jk cksk y uo pkr ba `kotks pkrk qua klsnrlfarko tnbk aj khuk.
\akccfnok`ns rëpfbn y, ao juhkr ba hrftkr y jjnrkr, kcklk`ns rfaobn `faotrks jn
dkcàk`ns.
Ao jk sahuobk pkrta, ta `nstrkræ có`n mnrtkjacar tus rajkcfnoas avftkobn jks
rakccfnoas vfscarkjas qua ta kjaiko ba tf y ba jns ba`ës, y ta prnpnobræ ouavns
dëlftns y cnobuctks qua crako cnoaxfnoas `ës prnmuobks y pjaoks ba saotfbn.

Rk`lfæo ta aosaûkræ
có`n dkljkr pkrk quacó`n rajkcfnokrta
ta ascucdao pkrkhastfnokr
y có`n qua jns ba`ës sa sfaotko
sftukcfnoas ascucdkbns,
y cnovarskcfnoas
bajfckbks cno pnobarkcfóo y cnomfkozk. Kpraobarës jn sfhufaota9

• pnr quæ
quæ,, ao cnotrk ba jk jk sklfburàk
sklfburàk a`praskrf
a`praskrfkjkj pnpujkr
pnpujkr,, ba dacdn astës ao jns oahncfns
pkrk dkcar k`fhns5
k`fhns5
• pnr quæ bfbfscutf
scutfrr ouock rasuaj
rasuajva
va jns cnomj
cnomjfctns9 snjn
snjn kpuotkjk
kpuotkjk npfof
npfofnoas5
• pnr quæ uok kr kraoh
aohkk as jjnn panr qua puabas
puabas bkrja
bkrja k kjhkjhufao
ufao qua dk axparf
axparf`aotkbn
`aotkbn aj
mrkcksn5
• pnr quæ kcapt
kcaptkr
kr jkjk cuj
cujpk
pk as uo `nvf`f
`nvf`faotn
aotn `ës fotaj
fotajffhaota qua acdërsaj
acdërsajkk k ntrns, y
• pnr quæ ascu
ascucdkr
cdkr jn
jn qua on sa bfca
bfca suaja
suaja sar `ës ùtfj
ùtfj qua
qua ascucdkr jjnn qua sa bfca.
bfca.
K `abfbk qua jaks jns ckpàtujns ba astk saccfóo, kpraobarës k cnoactkr cno jns
ba`ës ba `koark `ës prnmuobk y cnostructfvk.
 ;4

Qok
Qok jaccfóo ba `f
`f suahrk
Wrfnrfzk jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas

Susko Dkrrfsno, `f suahrk, `urfó baspuæs ba uok jkrhk y vkjfaota jucdk cnotrk aj
cëocar. Cn`n jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks, on ark mk`nsk. Sf on jk cnoncàks,
prnlklja`ao
prnlklja` aota
ta ouock dkyks nàbn dkl dkljkr
jkr ba ajjk. ]fvàk ao uok cn` cn`uuofbkb
rajktfvk`ao
raj ktfvk`aota
ta paquaûk ba Skvkoo
Skvkookd,
kd, Hanrhfk.
Warn jnhró kjhuoks cnsks focraàljas kjjà9 mua jk prf`ark `uiar ao sar nrbaokbk
bfëcnon ao Hanrhfk, muobó uo cn`abnr ba laoamfcaocfk y tk`lfæo kyubó k crakr jk
Skvkookd Dn`ajass Kutdnrfty. Kba`ës, crfó k tras dfins y, kjhuon pnbràk kûkbfr, k
uo `krfbn.
Qon ba jns prnlja`ks qua tuvf`ns cukobn mkjjacfó mua aocnotrkr uok fhjasfk jn
lkstkota
lkstko ta hrkoba cn`n
cn`n pkrk qu
quaa cup
cupfark
fark tnbk jk hao
aota
ta qu
quaa qu
quaràk
aràk fr k su muo
muoarkj.
Ascnhf`ns jk `ës hrkoba qua pubf`ns aocnotrkr, cno aspkcfn pkrk qua sa saotkrko
safscfaotks parsnoks y, kuo ksà, `ucdns balfarno quabkrsa ba pfa ao jk aotrkbk n ao
jns pksfjjns.
Susko taoàk uok cukjfbkb aspacfkj pkrk ktrkar k jk haota. On sa trktklk ba tnbn jn
qua dklàk jnhrkbn. On ark aj bfoarn. On sa rajkcfnoklk cno parsnoks mk`nsks n
f`pnrtkotas. On pnbàk cnotrktkrta. On pnbàk mkcfjftkrta jks cnsks pkrk asckjkr
prnmasfnokj`aota.
prnmasfnokj`ao ta.
Susko ark, saocfjjk`aota, uok `uy luaok k`fhk.
Sar uo luao k`fhn as uo krta. Rfaoas qua aotrahkrta, parn on tkotn cn`n pkrk
jjahkr k parbarta. Rfaoas qua sklar jn qua qufaras y jucdkr pnr ajjn, kj tfa`pn qua
kyubks k jns ba`ës k jnhrkr jn qua qufarao. Balas taoar parsnokjfbkb y kpnykr y
baikr aspkcfn k jk parsnokjfbkb ba jns ba`ës. Rfaoas qua prancupkrta, a focjusn
k`kr, k parsnoks cno jks qua tkj vaz on astæs ba kcuarbn (astny lkstkota sahurn ba
qua on vntklk k jns `fs`ns pnjàtfcns qua su `krfbn). Balas astkr bfspuastn k bkr
tkotn cn`n racflas, sfon `ës.
Cukobn sa trktk ba mnrikr k`fstkbas ao ë`lftns jklnrkjas tko cn`patftfvns, k
`aoubn ouastrn fostfotn as `kotaoar k jks parsnoks k bfstkocfk. Snjn cno `frkr u
apfsnbfn ba cukjqufar prnhrk`k ba tajarrakjfbkb qua sa lksa ao uok cn`patfcfó
‒Aj kpraobfz, Suparvfvfaotas, Rnp Cdam , K `arfck‖ss Oaxt Rnp @nbaj , Rda
K`arfck‖
Lkcdajnr, Aj Hrko \atn (on f`pnrtk cuëj)‒, nfrës uok mrksa `uy racurraota9
«¡On astny kquà pkrk dkcar k`fh
k`fhns!µ
ns!µ
Kj pkracar, `ucdns ba jns cnocurskotas craao qua pkrk hkokr on balao
prancupkrsa pnr aj kmact
kmactnn ba jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës. Cn`
Cn`nn bfin ajncuao
ajncuaota`
ta`ao
aota
ta uo cnocu
cnocurskot
rskotaa
ba Aj kpraobfz9 «On as okbk parsnokj. As uo in‒bn oahncfnµ.
V kuoqua crak`ns qua as `ainr cnjklnrkr cno jns ba`ës qua sar uo baskj`kbn,
`ucdns on babfck`ns tfa`pn k cnostrufr jks k`fstkbas sójfbks y qua ta prastk
kpnyn qua ckrkctarfzkrno jk vfbk ba Susko. Astk`ns ba`ksfkbn klsnrtns ao ouastrks
prnpfks vfbks, ba`
ba`ksfkbn
ksfkbn ncu
ncupkbns
pkbns cno ouastrns prnpfns nliatfvns y ba`ksfkbn
ba`ksfkbn
cnocaotrkbns ao sar prnbuctfvns pkrk babfckr tfa`pn k jns ba`ës.
Warn ¾as astk jk mnr`k `ës fotajfhaota y prnbuctfvk ba cnobucfrsa ao jk vfbk>
Sahùo jks fovastfhkcfnoas, bkr k jns ba`ës ‒uok `koark mfklja ba mn`aotkr jk
k`fstkb‒ ons dkca `ës majfcas qua bkrons k onsntrns `fs`ns. Sahùo jks
fovastfhkcfnoas bfrfhfbks pnr jk bnctnrk Ajfzklatd Buoo ao jk Qofvarsfbkb ba
Cnju`lfk Lrftëofck, aj bfoarn amactfvk`aota ons puaba bkr jk majfcfbkb, parn
sfa`pra qua jn hksta`ns ao ntrns.4
Jns fovastfhkbnras jjavkrno k ckln tras astubfns. Wrf`arn, aocuastkrno k `ës ba
safscfaotns astkbnuofbaosas y basculrfarno qua hkstkr bfoarn ao rahkjns y kyubks
cn`pnrtklk
cn` pnrtklk `ës majfcf
majfcfbkb
bkb qqua
ua hhkstërs
kstërsajn
ajn ao uuon
on `
`fs`n.
fs`n.
Juahn sa mfikrno ao a`pjakbns qua dklàko racflfbn prf`ks y basculrfarno qua s
majfcfbkb on sa lksklk ao jk ckotfbkb ba jks prf`ks, sfon ao jks bacfsfnoas qua
tn`krno snlra quæ dkcar cno aj bfoarn qua racflfarno. Kquajjns qua hkstkrno aj
bfoarn ba jks prf`ks ao ntrns astklko `ës majfcas qua jns qua sa hkstkrno aj bfoarn
ao sà `fs`
fs `ns.
Wnr ùjtf`n, jns fovastfhkbnras bfarno bfoarn k vkrfks parsnoks, y jas nrbaokrn
qua uons hkstkrko aj bfoarn ao sà `fs`ns y qua ntrns jn hkstkrko ao jns ba`ës. Kj
mfokj baj prncasn, jns qua dklàko hkstkbn aj bfoarn ao jns ba`ës astklko `ës majfcas.
Ba `nbn qua taoar k`fhns y trktkrjns ba mnr`k haoarnsk sfo bubk as uok astrktahfk
hkokbnrk ao jk vfbk. Warn ¾oacasftk`ns k`fhns ao jns oahncfns>
Luaon, nlsarva`ns jns bktns. Sf astës lusckobn trklkin, pnr aia`pjn, sarë `ainr
qua taohks k`fhns. Jk prfocfpkj mnr`k pkrk aocnotrkr uo ouavn trklkin as hrkcfks k
jks ramaraocfks ba jns k`
k`fhns.
fhns.

Qok vazmfklja
fobfckbnr ao ajbapuastn
æxftn. ba
Sa trklkin, taoar uo
puaba bamfofr luao ba
«luaoµ k`fhn ao jkjkxk
`koark a`prask as uaj
(racuarbk
pkrvujkrfn, bno
bnoba
ba tao
taoàks
àks `ës ba uo «lu «luao
aoµµ k`
k`fhn),
fhn), parn sahùo uo astu
astubfn
bfn ba jk
nrhkofzkcfóo Hkjjup snlra `ës ba cfocn `fjjnoas ba a`pjakbns `kynras ba trafotk y
cfocn kûns, aj 1= pnr cfaotn ba jns qua bfiarno qua taoàko uo luao k`fhn ao jk
a`prask astklko cn`prn`atfbns, arko prnbuctfvns y taoàko æxftn, `faotrks qua sf on
jn taoàko cfaotn.6
taoàko jk cfmrk sa rabucàk kj 4 pnr cfaotn.
Ntrn astubfn ontklja,;7 qua sa prnjnohó burkota bæckbks, ravajó qua jks
k`fstkbas ao aj fostftutn ark uo fobfckbnr mfklja ba taoar uo skjkrfn kjtn ao aj muturn,
kjrababnr ba uo < pnr cfaotn pnr ckbk parsnok qua ta cnosfbarklk uo k`fhn àotf`n.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, sf ao aj fostftutn tras parsnoks ta cnosfbarklko uo k`fhn àotf`n ba
su `fs`n saxn, tus hkokocfks ao jk abkb kbujtk balaràko sar uo = pnr cfaotn `ës
kjtks.
¾[ufaras par`koacar ao aj puastn ba trklkin qua tfaoas> Wuas jn `ainr sarë qua
taohks k`fstkbas. Cn`n `a cn`aotó on dkca `ucdn uo k`fhn qua as iama ba vaotks
ba uok axftnsk a`prask taconjóhfck9 «Jk haota trktk ba on baspabfr k sus k`fhns. As
jk bfmaraocfk aotra ‚As uo luao tfpn‐ y ‚On sæ qufæo as asa tfpn‐µ.
Burkota sus ùjtf`ns bàks, Susko astuvn rnbakbk par`koaota`aota ba sus k`fhns y
mk`fjfkras. Ao kquajjns `n`aotns, jnhró bkrons kjhùo cnosain. ¾[uæ bfin kotas ba
`krcdkrs
krcdkrsa>
a> «\nbækta bbaa uok cn`
cn`uouofbkb
fbkb ba hao
haota
ta qua ta qufar
qufark.µ
k.µ
As bacfr, on cran qua ons aqufvnqua`ns sf paosk`ns qua rakj`aota astk`ns kquà
pkrk dkcar k`fhns.
k`fhns.

Aj f`pujsn ba sar prnbuctfvn k `aoubn ons jjavk k sulastf`kr ouastrks k`fstkbas, parn mn`aotkr
rajkcfnoas
rajkcfnoas s ójfb
ójfbks
ks cn
cnoo jns ba`ë
ba`ëss a s uo
uokk ba jks cjk
cjkva
vass pkrk
pkrk `k
`kotaoar
otaoar uo æx
æxftn
ftn pr
prnjnohkb
njnohkbn.
n.

....
4 X. Buoo, J. L. Keofo y @. F. Onrtno, «Spaobfoh @noay no Ntdar Wrn`ntas Dkppfoasµ, Scfaoca 3;6 (<774)9
;=48-44.

6 Baj Inoas, «Last Mrfaobs Hnnb mnr Lusfoassµ, QSK Rnbky , ; ba bfcfa`lra, <772, ;L.
dttp9//usktnbky37
dttp9//usktnbky37.usktnbky.c
.usktnbky.cn`/
n`/abuckta
abuckta/cnjj
/cnjjaha/c
aha/ckraa
kraars/dnttnp
rs/dnttnpffc3;.dt`
c3;.dt`..

;7 «Cjnsa<7;7,
ba iuofn, Dfhd-Scdnnj Mrfaobsdfp Wnfot tn Dfhdar Xkhasµ, Rda Bkfjy Stkt (ljnh), Dkrv
dttp9//wal.dlr.nrh/a`kfj/krcdfva/bkfjystkt.pdp>bkta07=<1;7. Dkrvkrb
krb Lusfoass
Lusfoas s \avfaw , <1
 ;6

Jn bfmàcfj
bfmàcfj a`pfaz
a`pfazkk baspu
baspuæs
æs ba jk
cnomaraocfk
@uastrk k jns ba`ës
có`n aras rakj`aota

K `aoubn `a sfaotn muark ba juhkr cukobn vny k uok cnovaocfóo. \aouaota k

kcarckr`a k uo axtrkûn y prasaotkr`a, par`koazcn, cn`n snjàk dkcar ao jks mfastks
uofvarsftkrfks, ba`ksfkbn cndflfbn, cno uok lntajjk ba khuk cno hks ao jk `kon y sf
`azcjkr`a. Ao `abfn ba uo `notóo ba haota qua cdkrjk cno aotusfks`n, yn `a sfaotn
focó`nbn y sn
focó`nbn snjn.
jn.
Warn cukobn aj kvfóo prncabaota ba Ouavk Vnre ktarrfzó ao Kustfo, Raxks, ao
bnoba flk k pkrtfcfpkr ao aj cnohrasn fotarkctfvn Snutd Ly Snutdwast (STSX),
astklk a`ncfnokbn. Raoàk qua dkljkr ao uok `ask rabnobk y, cn`n tnbn aj `uobn
`a dklàk bfcdn qua STSX ark jk ln`lk, `a rahkjæ uo bàk axtrk pkrk basculrfrjn pnr
`à `fs`n.
On nlstkota,
nlstkota, oonn ras
rasuujtó sar cn`
cn`nn dklàk aspar
asparkbn.
kbn. Jjahu
Jjahuæ cno aj tfa`
tfa`pn
pn iustn pkrk
jk `ask rabnobk, baspuæs ksfstà k uo kctn pkrk mfr`kr jflrns y juahn, ao mfo, jjahó aj
`n`aotn ba jk cnovaocfóo. Muf k uok mfastk y jk tf`fbaz `a f`pfbfó klrfr`a y
cnoAstklk
cnoncar
ncar k frrftkbn
ntrks parsnoks.
cno`fhn `fs`n. ¾[uæ `a pksklk>
Ksà qua astklk k puotn ba fr`a cukobn paosæ qua, ao juhkr ba iuzhkr`a, ¾pnr quæ
on `a jn tn`klk cn`n uok npnrtuofbkb ba axpjnrkr uok a`ncfóo focó`nbk> Ba
`nbn qqua
ua oonn `a `
`krcdæ
krcdæ y kokjfc
kokjfcææ k quæ skla jk focn`
focn`nbfb
nbfbkb.
kb.
Ark focó`
focó`nbk.
nbk.
Warn, `uy prnotn, saotà kjhn `ës prnmuobn trks `f tf`fbaz, kjhn `ës bkûfon. Qok
vaz kcklkbk `f pkrtfcfpkcfóo ao jk `ask rabnobk, on taoàk ofohùo pkpaj qua
basa`paûkr of ofohùo nliatfvn. @a bf cuaotk ba qua cukobn on astny dkcfaobn kjhn,
on astny sahurn ba qufæo sny. ¡Sumràk uok crfsfs ba fbaotfbkb prnvnckbk pnr uo
cnohrasn!
Jk cnocapcfóo qua taohn ba `à `fs`n astë pajfhrnsk`aota jfhkbk k jn qua dkhn.
Sny ascrftnr, cnomaraocfkota, ksasnr, pkbra, `krfbn, asqufkbnr, y `ucdks `ës cnsks.
Warn ¾qufæo sny cukobn on astny dkcfaobn kctfvk`aota okbk ba astn> ¾[ufæo sny sf
jn qua dkhn ao aj pkskbn, ao aj prasaota, ao aj muturn>
Saocfjjk`
Saocfjj k`aot
aota,
a, yn. J
Jnn ccukj,
ukj, ao aasa
sa `n`n`aot
aotn,
n, `a ppkrac
kracfó
fó basc
bascnocartko
nocartkota.
ta.
On cran qua sak aj ùofcn. Wnr astk as tk rkzóo
rkzóo,, uo `fou
foutn
tn baspuæs
baspuæs ba cnoncar k kjkjhhufao,
a`pazk`ns k bamfofrons pnr jn qua dkca`ns, ouastrk pnsfcfóo jklnrkj y jks
rajkcfnoas qua taoa`ns cno jns ba`ës. Ons pkraca qua oacasftko astk fomnr`kcfó
pkrk cnoncarons,
cnoncarons, parn, sfo okbfa cno qufao qufao dkljkr ao ask mfastk, `a`a bf cu
cuao
aotk
tk ba qu
quaa
`a astklk aohkûkobn. Jns ba`ës on oacasftko astk fomnr`kcfóo pkrk cnoncar`a. Vn
oacasftn astk fomnr`kcfóo pkrk cnoncar`a.
Cukobn cn`praobà aj nrfhao ba jk focn`nbfbkb, rasfstà jk taotkcfóo ba bacfr `f
on`lra cn`pjatn, n ba axpjfckr qua kcklklk ba pkrtfcfpkr ao uo balkta n ascrflfr u
jflrn, n cukjqufar ntrk cnsk qua fbaotfmfckrk uo pkpaj sójfbn qua `a dkràk saotfr lfao.
Ao juhkr ba ajjn, prastæ ktaocfóo k quæ sa saotàk cukobn on sa tfaoa ntrk fbaotfbkb
`ës qua jk prnpfk prasaocfk. @a bf cuaotk ba qua basaklk qua jns ba`ës sa mfikrk
ao `à y parcflà `f fosahurfbkb. Warn tk`lfæo `a bf cuaotk ba jk muarzk y jk cnomfkozk
qua `a bklko astks nlsarvkcfnoas y yn `fs`n. Cn`aocæ k rajkikr`a y, uok vaz
ckj`
ckj `kbn, yk oonn `
`aa ssaot
aotàà ppkrk
krk okbk fosahu
fosahurn.
rn.
Juahn ncurrfó kjhn axtrkûn. Jns ba`ës a`pazkrno k kcarckrsa.
Ba jk okbk, uok `uiar sa kprnxf`ó k `à, sa prasaotó y cn`aozk`ns k cdkrjkr.
Juahn, ja bfin k uok cn`pkûark qua sa su`krk k onsntrns. On sklàko qufæo ark yn of
quaràko okbk ba `à, of yn ba ajjks. Ærk`ns sf`pja`aota tras parsnoks qua dklàk
cnoactkbn. Cukobn sa muarno, sa kprnxf`ó uo dn`lra. Ba ouavn, `a prasaotæ cno `f
on`lra, parn on `aocfnoæ okbk ba `f trklkin. V, ba ouavn, cdkrjk`ns ba `krkvfjjk
y tuvf`ns uok cnoaxfóo du`kok.
On ja
j a cn`
cn`ao
aotæ
tæ k okbfa qu
quaa sny as
ascrftnr
crftnr n qua
qua bfrfin
bfrfi n uok a`
a`prask
prask ba ksasnrà
ksasnràk,
k, of
okbk qua bascrflk jn qua dkhn. Snjn jas bfia qua `a jjk`klk Watar. V ajjns snjn `a
bfarno sus on`lras. K kjhuons jas cnstó, aspacfkj`aota ao uok cnovaocfóo bnoba
taoba`ns k bamfofrons pnr jn qua dkca`ns y bnoba jks parsnoks cdkrjko aotra ajjks
`faotrks `frko k su kjrababnr pnr sf dky kjhufao `ës ùtfj cno qufao dkljkr.
Warn as uo arrnr snjtkr ba snpatóo tu pjko ba oahncfn cukobn cnoncas k kjhufao,
focjusn ao uok cnovaocfóo bnoba aj nliatfvn as vaobar tu pjko ba oahncfn. Jks
parsnoks prf`
prf`arn
arn fovfartao ao tf5 y, juah
juahn,
n, ao tu pjko. Ksà qu
quaa prf`
prf`arn
arn `uæstrkta y
baspuæs axpjàckj
axpjàckjas
as aj pjko.

‒,Astk ask jk
ao uok
uo rkzóocfóo
cnovao pnr njkcuko
cnovaocfóo quabn
baikr
cukobn ba jkbn
quara`
quara`ns jnhnqua
ns kj
kjh ba dkca`ns
jns ba` ‒kj
ba`ës,
ës, `aons,
as tko luaokj
luaok prfocfpfn
k ffbak.
bak. Jns
ba`ës cnomfkrëo ao tf sf tù cnomàks ao tf. V pkrk cnomfkr ao tf `fs`n balas skjfr kj
ascaokrfn. Balas axpnoarta, y balas astkr bfspuastn k sar vujoarklja. Cukobn
par`ftas
par` ftas qu
quaa jns ba`
ba`ës
ës ta vako ‒tko f` f `prasfnoko
prasfnokota
ta y tko vujo
vujoarklja
arklja cn`
cn`nn aras‒,
aotnocas
aotnocas cnomfkrëo ao tf. V ccnom
nomfkr
fkrëo
ëo ao ttff pnrqua ta ccnoncao
noncao..
Aotnocas, ¾có`n puabas aotkljkr uok cnovarskcfóo, ao uok cnovaocfóo ao jk qua
on cnoncas k okbfa, sfo bacfr quæ as jn qua dkcas> On as mëcfj. Astkrës okbkobn
cnotrkcnrrfaota. Fotaotk dkcar prahuotks klfartks, fotaotk aotrkr ao cuastfnoas
parsnokjas. Kj
Kj mfokj,
mfokj, sklrës `ës cnsks ba tus cn`
cn`pkûarns
pkûarns y ajjns tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo sklrëo `ës
ba tf.
Qok cnovaocfóo ‒n jk vfbk, pnr ntrn jkbn‒ as snjn uo `notóo ba parsnoks qua
sa aocuaotrko cno ntrns saras du`kons. V jk `kynràk sa sfaotao focó`nbns. V k jk
`kynràk jas hustkràk qua jns vfarko cn`n jn qua sno, on snjn pnr jns ckrhns qua
basa`paûko. As jn qua pnba`ns nmracarons jns uons k jns ntrns.
Wuaba qua sak uo pncn rkrn kj prfocfpfn, parn cran qua as jk `ainr npcfóo sf
quara`ns
quara` ns taoar uok axparfaocfk pjaok ao uo
uokk ssftukcfóo
ftukcfóo qua k `
`aou
aoubn
bn ons ba
baik
ik vkcà
vkcàns.
ns.
[ua ons cnonzcko pnr jn qua sn`ns, on snjn pnr jn qua dkca`ns, as luaon pkrk
onsntrns, y tk`lfæo puaba sar `uy kcnosaiklja pkrk ouastrns oahncfns.

Cukobn cnonzcks k kjhufao, on ta bamfoks pnr jn qua dkcas n pnr jns tàtujns qua tfaoas, of qufarks bkr
uok f`prasfóo pkrtfcujkr. Ao juhkr ba astn, krrfæshkta k sar saocfjjk`aota tù `fs`n y bkta cuaotk ba
qu
quææ lu
luaa ok cno
cnoaa xfóo crak.

....
 <7

Jk baió cno uo `aoskia

ba taxtn
On baias qua
qu a aj aovn
aovnjtnrfn
jtnrfn
ta bfstrkfhk baj
b aj `aoskia

Ajakonr y yn jjahk`ns k cksk baspuæs ba caokr uok oncda y ons aocnotrk`ns k

Jasjfa, jk ckohurn, jjnrkobn.
«¾Rnbn lfao cno jns ofûns>µ, prahuotæ.
«Sà. Dko astkbn bur`faobn tnbn aj rktn. On as asn.µ
«¾[ufaras qua dklja`ns ba jn qua ta pksk>µ, foqufrà.
«@a dk baikbn cno uo `aoskia ba taxtnµ, rapusn, cno aj tajæmnon ao jk `kon.
Dklàk astkbn quabkobn cno Oab burkota kjhuoks sa`koks y sa dklàko cnhfbn `ucdn
ckrfûn ao
a osahufbk.
sahufbk. Aj taxt
taxtnn bfcfæobnja qua jk baiklk jjkk dklàk pfjjkbn pnr snr
snrprask.
prask.
«¾Cno uo `aoskia ba taxtn>µ, prahuotæ. On dklàk cnoncfbn k Oab, parn ja tn`æ
`koàk ba fo`abfktn pnr astk kccfóo tko cruaj.
«¾Dkk rrntn
«¾D ntn cnotfh
cnotfhn>µ,
n>µ, prahuo
prahuotó tó Ajakonr, pnr su pkrta.
Rko prnotn cn`n jk nà, `a bf cuaotk baj arrnr qua yn dklàk cn`atfbn. Qo arrnr qua
cn`ata`ns `ucdks parsnoks cukobn dkljk`ns ba kjhn saosflja, jn qua focjuya
prëctfck`aotaa tnbn.
prëctfck`aot
Cnomuobf`ns aj aovnjtnrfn cno aj `aoskia. Ons bfstrka tkotn jk mnr`k axtrkûk, k
vacas fokprnpfkbk, cno jk qua sa cn`uofck kjhufao, qua pksk`ns pnr kjtn qua astk
parsnok sa astë cn`u
cn`uofckobn.
On snjn as aj `nbn ba cn`
cn`uuofckcfóo. K vacas as aj tnotnonn ba vnz
vnz,, uo hrftn, uo
cn`aotkrfn skrcëstfcn, n uo cnoiuotn pkrtfcujkr ba pkjklrks. Qok prahuotk saocfjjk
cn`n «¾Có`n dks jjahkbn k astk cnocjusfóo>µ sa puaba tn`kr cn`n uo baskmàn, uok
kcuskcfóo, uo kpnyn, uok prahuotk curfnsk n cukjqufar ntrk cnsk.
Cno aj taxtn ba Oab pkrk baikr k Jasjfa, yn `a caotræ ao aj aovnjtnrfn9 quæ pncn

ajahkota as baikr kcran

quaba cnostkocfk, kjhufao
qua ascno uo pncn
`uy `aoskia ba taxtn.
ajahkota baikr (Wnr cfartn,
k kjhufao cnoy uo
snjn`aoskia
pkrk qua
ba
taxtn.) Warn Ajakonr vfn `ës kjjë. Sa mfió ao aj `aoskia ao sà9 jn qua Oab trktklk ba
bacfr cno aj taxtn.
 Jk taobaocfk k mfikrons ao aj aovnjtnrfn `ës qua ao aj `aoskia as `uy cn`ùo y
bfaz`k ouastrk prnbuctfvfbkb. Wnr aia`pjn, `f k`fhn @kjcnj`, jjavklk uons pncns
`asas ao su ouavn trklkin, cukobn cnomasó qua taoàk `fabn ba ascrflfr cnrrans
ajactróofcns k sus ouavns cn`pkûarns.
«Wkraca qua tnbn as pnjftfquanµ, `a bfin @kjcnj`. Juahn f`ftó k kjhuons ba sus
cn`pkûarns9 «¾Wnr quæ pusfsta ao cnpfk k kquajjk parsnok> ¾Wnr quæ on `a pusfsta k
`à ao cnpfk> ¾Wnr quæ dkljksta baj ta`k baj prasupuastn>µ Wusn jns nins ao ljkocn
`faotrks `usftklk9 «@a pksn jk `ftkb baj bàk fotaotkobn ascrflfr jns cnrrans sf
nmaobar k okbfa. ¡[uæ pærbfbk ba tfa`pn! Jk varbkb, as `ës mëcfj y `ës amactfvn
sf`pja`
sf` pja`ao
aota
ta on ascrf
ascrflfr
lfr cnrransµ.
Da kquà jk cuastfóo9 tnbns sn`ns cn`uofckbnras tnrpas, tkotn ao jn qua bacf`ns
cn`n ao jn qua nà`ns. Sù`kja jks bfmaraocfks cujturkjas, rajfhfnsks, hanhrëmfcks, ba
hæoarn,
hæo arn, ba ab
abkb,
kb, ba jaoh
jaohukuk y sncfna
sncfnacnoó`
cnoó`fcks
fcks,, y ras
rasujtk
ujtk uuoo `
`fj
fjkhrn
khrn qua ons pnbk`
pnbk `ns
aotaobar. Ouastrks jf`ftkcfnoas cn`n cn`uofckbnras sno jk rkzóo pnr jk qua ons
cnomuobf`ns, ons bacapcfnok`ns, ons aomkbk`ns, snspacdk`ns n ons `njastk`ns
cno tkotk haota.
¾Jk snjucfóo> Wrualk astn9

cuaot k9
Bkta cuaotk sfa`pra qua sfaotks uok a`ncfóo oahktfvk pnr kjhn qua dkyko bfcdn n
ascrftn ba tf, tkj vaz sak uok saûkj ba kjkr`k ba qua ta astë cnomuobfaobn aj
aovnjtnrfn. Sf sfaotas fobfhokcfóo, trfstazk, mrustrkcfóo, baskhrkbn n focrabujfbkb,
sklrës qua as aj `n`aotn ba cnotfoukr cno aj pksn <.

Cëj`kta9 raspfrk dnobn. Juahn, racnonca qua aras suscaptflja ba rakccfnokr

a`ncfnokj`aota k có`n sa dk cn`uofckbn kjhn, y racuarbk qua axpraskrsa as kjhn
bfmàcfj y qua k `aoubn sa dkca `kj. Sæ `ës tnjarkota cnotfhn y cno jns ba`ës. On bas
pnr supu
supuastn
astn qu
quaa dk sfbn `kjfot
kjfotaocfno
aocfnokbn.
kbn. On ta jn tn`
tn`as
as cn`
cn`nn kjhn parsnokj.
\asfsta jk taotkcfóo ba saotfrta nmaobfbn.

otarpratk9 vuajva k jaar jn qua dko ascrftn, n ramjaxfnok snlra jn qua dko bfcdn, y
basaotrëûkjn. Wfaosk ao quæ fotaotklko bacfr. Lusck jk pkrta pnsftfvk. Asmuærzkta pnr
cn`praobar.

aspnoba9 uok luaok rahjk as utfjfzkr uo `abfn bfmaraota qua aj qua dk prnvnckbn t
raspuastk a`ncfnokj. Sf uo taxtn ta `njastk, on raspnobks cno ntrn taxtn. Sf uo cnrran
ta fobfhok,
fobfhok, cn
cnha
ha aj taj
tajæmno
æmnon.
n. V cuko
cukobn
bn rraspnobks,
aspnobks, on ta caot
caotras
ras ao jk mnr`k, sf
sfon
on ao aj
`aoskia.
 Cn`n onr`k haoarkj, bk pnr supuastn qua tnbns sn`ns tnrpas cn`uofckbnras.
F`khàokta k kjhufao qua tfaoa prfsk, qua trktk ba dkcar `ucdks cnsks k jk vaz, kjhufa
k qufao on sa ja bk lfao axpraskrsa cno axkctftub. Bk pnr supuastn qua on as u
fbfntk. Wksk pnr kjtn jk mkjtk ba ajahkocfk. Juahn, cukobn jjahua aj `n`aotn ba
raspnobar, klnrbk aj ta`k ba mnobn y on jk mnr`k.
Rko prnotn cn`n `a bf cuaotk ba qua `a dklàk cnomuobfbn aj dacdn ba qua Oab
utfjfzkrk uo `aoskia, ck`lfæ ba kctftub, kbnptæ jk tëctfck ba Ajakonr y ja pabà k
Jasjfa qua ons jayark aj taxtn ba Oab. Cukobn basaotrkûk`ns aj `aoskia ‒cukobn
jaà`ns aotra jàoaks‒, vf`ns cjkrn qua Oab astklk klru`kbn pnr sus saotf`faotns.
Oacasftklk fr `ës
`ës jaot
jaotn.
n. Warn tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo ark avfbao
avfbaotata qu
quaa ba varbkb ja hu
hustklk
stklk Jasjf
Jasjfa.
a.
Baspuæs
Baspu æs ba dkljkrj
kljkrjnn aotra
aotra jjns
ns tras, Jasjf
asjfaa bacfbf
bacfbfóó on bkrja ff`
`pnrtko
pnrtkocfk
cfk k qu
quaa Oab
dulfark utfjfzkbn uo `aoskia ba taxtn y bacfbfó jjk`krjn pkrk qua ja cnotkrk jn qua
astklk sfotfaobn. Aj `aoskia ba taxtn ba Oab rasujtó sar uo rahkjn. Qo rahkjn qua
Jasjf
asjfaa cksf racdkz
racdkzkk pnrqua aj aovnjtnrfn
aovnjtnrfn ark
ar k dnrrflja.
Warn sa tn`ó aj tfa`pn ba basaovnjvarjn y astn ja jjavó k uok cnovarskcfóo.
Juahn k uo pksan. Baspuæs k uok caok. V, pnr ùjtf`n… luaon, as uo aovnjtnrfn qua
snjn aj tfa`
tfa`pn
pn basaovnjvarë.

Kj trktkr ba sahufr aj rft`n vartfhfonsn ba ouastrks vfbks ons cnovartf`ns ao cn`uofckbnras

tnrpas. [ua on ta bfstrkfhk of ta nmaobk có`n ta cn`uofcko n ta aovàko aj `aoskia. @frk aj jkbn
pnsftfvn, va `ë
`ëss kj
kjjë
jë b
baa có`n ssaa cn`u
cn`uofck
ofcko
o cnotf
cnotfhn
hn y rraa spnoba k jk cuas tfóo b
baa mnobn.

....
 <;

Cukob
Cukobnn taohk
taohk
sataotk y sfata,
qufarn sar cn`n tù
Bæikta fospfrkr
Bæikta
pnrr jns ba`ës
pn

Astklk dkcfaobn pasks ao aj hf`oksfn, ao uo caotrn cn`uoftkrfn ba Ouavk Vnre,

cukobn
cukobn `a mfiæ ao æj.

Sa jjk`klk,
sasaotk, ark `ëscn`n
lfaosupa
ckjvnbaspuæs,
cno pajn @krvfo
ckonsn@nstar. @abàkbakjrababnr
k jns jkbns ba sa
jk cklazk, uo baiklk
`atrn
lfhntaa y jjavklk uo
lfhnt uokk ck`
ck`fsatk
fsatk kz
kzuuj cfaj
cfajnn y uo
uons
ns pko
pkotkjno
tkjnoas
as cnrtns kz
kzuuj `krfon.
`krfon. OOnn ark
kjhufao qua bastkckrk aspacfkj`aota, parn yn on pnbàk baikr ba `frkrjn.
Ark `kynr ‒supusa qua taoàk uons sataotk kûns‒ y astklk lnxakobn cno u
aotraokbnr, bkobn puûatkzns cno uo rft`n qua ark avfbaota qua dklàko prkctfckbn
kotas y asqufvklk jns hkocdns qua ja snjtklk aj aotraokbnr. Duln bns cnsks qua `a
baikrno któoftn9 astklk ao uok mnr`k axcajaota ‒jn pnbàk var pnr su aqufjflrfn, s
rft`n y aj vfhnr ba jns hnjpas‒ y sa jn astklk pkskobn ao hrkoba.
«¾[uæ abkb tfaoas>µ, ja prahuotæ cukobn dfzn uok pkusk.
«Sataotk y sfataµ, raspnobfó snorfaobn.
«Cukobn taohk sataotk y sfata, qufarn sar cn`n tùµ, rapjfquæ.
Snorfó ba nraik k nraik.
«Vn qufarn sar cn`n tù kdnrk.µ
Su rfsk ark cnotkhfnsk. Snjn ontkr su aoarhàk `a dfzn saotfr lfao, trkos`ftàk
aotusfks`n. Kj `aons ao kquaj `n`aotn, pkracàk astkr aockotkbn cnosfhn `fs`n.
Aotnocas sa `a ncurrfó kjhn.
«¾Wuabn dkcarta uok mntn>µ, prahuotæ.
«Cjkrnµ, bfin.
bfi n. «¾Wkrk qu
quæ>µ
æ>µ
Skquæ aj tajæmnon y pnsó kjzkobn jns hukotas.
«Ra qufarn pnoar ao jk oavarkµ, rapjfquæ.
r apjfquæ.
On cnonzcn
cnonzcn k @krvfo
@krvfo.. On sæ sf astë sskokonn n tfao
tfaoaa kjhu
kjhuook ao
aomar`
mar`abkb,
abkb, ssff as rfcn n
pnlra, sf astë majfz n fom
fomajfz`
ajfz`ao
aota
ta ckskbn, snjtarn, bfvnrcfkbn
bfvnrcf kbn n sf as vfubn.
Bascnonzcn sus npfofnoas pnjàtfcks a fhonrn qufæoas sno sus k`fhns, sf as hky n
datarnsaxukj, n quæ dkca kba`ës ba fr kj hf`oksfn. Of sfqufark sæ sf as luaok
parsnok.
Warn sæ qua quaràk kjhn ba jn qua baspraobàk9 su aoarhàk, su kspactn rkbfkota. Ksà
qua ja tn`æ uok mntn. Jn cukj `a dfzn paoskr9 «¾Wnr quæ on a`pazkr k cnjaccfnokr
f`ëhaoas ba parsnoks onr`kjas, ba jks qua sæ `uy pncn, parn qua `a fospfrko uok
cukjfbkbb qua `a `
cukjfbk `ntfvk>µ
ntfvk>µ
Cn`n aj cnobuctnr ba kutnlùs ba Wkràs, qufao, baspuæs ba qua ja prahuotkrk a
quæ pkrkbk balàk lkikr`a pkrk jjahkr k `f dntaj, `a prahuotó jk bfraccfóo axkctk y
ao uo sa`ëmnrn skcó su `óvfj pkrk cnosujtkr uo `kpk y suharfr`a jk pkrkbk `ës
carckok.
N jk tkxfstk qua on pnbàk jjavkr`a kj karnpuartn pnrqua kcklklk su turon, parn
qua kpkrcó aj cncda, skjfó ba æj y asparó dkstk aocnotrkr uo tkxf qua `a jjavkrk.
Sno parsnoks onr`kjas ao sftukcfnoas onr`kjas qua `a snrpraobfarno y `a
fospfr krno. [ufarn qua su `
fospfrkrno. `krck
krck par`ko
par`koazck
azck ao `
`à.à.
Warn uo `n`aotn. Ao asta jflrn da astkbn ascrflfaobn snlra parsnoks f`pnrtkotas.
Warsnoks cn`n aj bfmuotn bnctnr Kjjko \nsaomfajb, aj pfnoarn ba jk skofbkb pùljfck
cuyk jklnr skjvó k `fjjnoas ba parsnoks ao jns pkàsas baskrrnjjkbns. ¾On balaràk
astkr æj ao `f oavark ao juhkr baj `nbastn cnobuctnr ba kutnlùs>
Rkj vaz. Warn kcnrbkr`a baj cnobuctnr ba kutnlùs puaba cnobfcfnokr `f cnobuctk
ba dny. Wuabn `frkr su mntn y sar `ës ùtfj pkrk jns ba`ës. @a racuarbk kjhn saocfjjn
qua puaba `ntfvkr`a. V jn `fs`n ncurra cno @krvfo.
On astny bfbfcfaobn
cfaobn qu
quaa astks parsnoks balko fospfrkr k tnbn aj `uobn of qua
qua tù

taohks qua pnoar

uo `nbajn uok mntnlkskbn
ba jfbarkzhn ba ajjks
aoao
sujkaia`pjn.
oavark. @a
On astny
ramfarnfosfoukobn qua ajklnra`ns
k qua `kotaohks jns nins
klfartns pkrk aocnotrkr k tu @krvfo. V cukobn jn aocuaotras, sëckja uok mntn.
Rkj vaz astk fbak pkrazck sf`pja. Jns saras du`kons sn`ns cn`pjains. Sf ba
varbkb cnoncfark k asks parsnoks, qufzë on quarràk taoarjks ao `f oavark. On sæ pnr
quæ lnxak @krvfo. ¾Rkj vaz pksó cuktrn kûns ao prfsfóo pnr uo crf`ao klyactn y sa
astë pnofaobn ao mnr`k pkrk cn`atar ntrn> Jn `ës prnlklja as qua prnyacta
ckrkctaràstfcks qua `a hustko ao ntrk parsnok. Cno mrkoquazk, on puabn bacfr qua
astk fospfrkcfóo on astæ `ës vfocujkbk k `à qua k jns ba`ës.
Warn astk as jk cuastfóo9 sfa`pra astk`ns prnyactëobnons ao jns ba`ës. Jn qua
ncurra as qua snja`ns astkr `ës bfspuastns k sar cràtfcns cno uok parsnok qua k
fospfrkrons ao ajjk, as bacfr, prnyactk`ns ao jns ba`ës ckrkctaràstfcks `ës oahktfvks
quaa pnsf
qu pnsftfvks.
tfvks.
 Ba dacdn, pkraca qua ons cuasta parbar uok npnrtuofbkb pkrk bacapcfnokrons.
Ons mfik`
mfik`ns
ns ao jn qu
quaa jns ba`
ba`ës
ës dkcao `kj, ao sus balfjf
balfjfbkbas
bkbas y jf`ft
jf`ftkcfnoas.
kcfnoas.
Cdfs`nrrak`ns y ons quaik`ns ba ajjns. Ons mrustrk`ns, ons vnjva`ns pksfvns-
khrasfvns. Sfa`pra ons pks`ko jns bamactns ba qufaoas ons rnbako9 ¾có`n dk pnbfbn
dkcar asn>
Warn ¾y sf, ao juhkr ba, n kba`ës ba, on parbar jk npnrtuofbkb pkrk mfikrons ao jns
bamactns ba ntrns, ons baiërk`ns fospfrkr pnr ajjns cno jk `fs`k mracuaocfk> ¾V sf
cdfs`nrraërk`ns snlra jn qua ons hustk ba ajjns ao juhkr ba snlra jn qua ons
`njastk> ¾V sf luscërk`ns cdfspks qua aocaobfarko ouastrn aotusfks`n y
astf`ujkrko ouastrk luaok vnjuotkb> ¾V sf baiërk`ns qua astks cdfspks kjf`aotkrko
aj muahn ba jk pksfóo>
Cn`n `àof`n, ons saotfra`ns `ainr cno jks parsnoks qua ons rnbako ao aj
`uobn, y cno onsntrns `fs`ns, kuoqua snjn sak pnr uo rktn. V, qufzë, baspuæs ba
uoks sa`koks n `asas, kcklkra`ns cno jks puartks ba jks oavarks jjaoks ba
racuarbns ba parsnoks qua ons fospfrko, qua puaba qua on sako uo `nbajn ba vfbk ‒
tk`pncn dky qua pnoar aj jfstóo tko kjtn‒, parn qua ons puabao bkr bastajjns ba
fospfrkcfóo.
Ckbk vaz qua `frn jk mntn ba @krvfo `a dkca snoraàr. V `a kof`k k cn`ar uo
pncn `ainr
`ainr y k ddkcar
kcar uo pncn ba aiarcfcfn.
aiarcfcf n.
Ksà qua ¾k qufæo tfaoas ao jk oavark>

On ta baias jjavkr pnr aj fostfotn ba var bamactns ao jns ba`ës5 ao juhkr ba astn, ascnha kjhn ba
a jjns qua ta f`pr
f`praa s fnoa pnsftf
pns ftfvk`
vk`aa ota. Aocuaotr
Aocuaotrkk fo
foss pfrk
pfrkcfóo
cfóo ao jks pa
paqu
quaa ûk
ûkss cns
cnsks
ks qua dkcao.

....
 <<

Qok jacc
Qok jaccfóo
fóo ba
ba `f
`f `kb
`kbra
ra
On bas k okbfa
o kbfa
pnrr parbfb
pn p arbfbnn

¾[uæ dkcas cukobn jk cn`uofckcfóo cno ntrk parsnok jjahk k uo ckjjaióo sfo skjfbk>
If` as uo k`fhn y cn`pkûarn kj qua jjavklk uo kûn sfo var. Astklk pkskobn uok
`kjk ta`pnrkbk, y yn jn dklàk jjk`kbn k `aoubn `faotrks trktklk ba `kotaoar s
oahncfn k mjnta. Jk ùjtf`k vaz qua jn vf, `a pfbfó, cn`n uo mkvnr, qua muark k var k
uon ba sus cjfaotas, Ab. Ja bfia qua sà. Warn, cukobn muf kj baspkcdn ba Ab pncns
bàks baspuæs, jk racapcfnofstk `a fomnr`ó ba qua astklk ao aj axtrkoiarn. @a dklàk
astkbn asparkobn aj bàk kotarfnr, `a axpjfcó, y ja `njastó qua on `a prasaotkrk. @a
bfscujpæ y `a muf.
Jjk`æ ba fo`abfktn k If` y kj rapkskr jns cnrrans sa bfn cuaotk ba qua sa dklàk
aqufvnckbn kj ascrflfrja aj bàk k Ab. Ja bfia qua `a saotàk kvarhnozkbn y qua pnr
mkvnr aovfkrk uok ontk ascrftk k `kon pkrk bfscujpkrsa cno aj cjfaota y axpjfckrja aj
`kjaotao
kjaotaobfbn.
bfbn. @a prn`at
prn`atfó
fó qua jn dkràk.
Baspuæs ba jn ncurrfbn, on vnjvf`ns k dkljkr baj ksuotn. Jns prnlja`ks ba s
a`prask dklàko `nonpnjfzkbn ouastrks cnovarskcfnoas. Qoks sa`koks baspuæs yn
flk k bkr uok cnomaraocfk ao uo cnohrasn y asparklk qua Ab astuvfark kjjà. [uaràk
sklar có`n sa dklàk snjucfnokbn tnbn. Kj var k If` ao uok mfastk ja prahuotæ sf dklàk
ascrftn jk ontk. Sa aomkbó y sa `a pusn k hrftkr9 «On, on ascrflà jk ontk. Watar, astny
ao jk rufok. On da taofbn of uo `foutn jflra, ¾on puabas aotaobarjn>µ
@a saotó mktkj, `a dfrfó. @ur`uræ kjhn y `a kpkrtæ ba æj. Warn on pnbàk
skcër`ajn ba jk cklazk. ¾Wnr quæ `a dklàk hrftkbn>
Sfa`pra da craàbn qua sf dkljks cno kjhufao, kj mfokj kcklks aotaobfæobnta, ksà
qua `a vnjvà k dkljkr cno æj.
«If`µ, a`pacæ, «sæ qua dk sfbn uo kûn burn, parn ¾pnr quæ jk ckrhks cno`fhn> Ra
da prahuotkbn snlra jk ontk pnrqua as pnsflja qua vak k Ab ao uo cnohrasn. Jk ontk
on `a
`a ff`
`pnrtk tko
tkotn,
tn, par
parnn tu rakccf
rakccfóo
óo `
`aa dk `
`njas
njastkbn
tkbn ba varb
varbkb.µ
kb.µ
«¾[uæ
«¾[ uæ qufaras qua ta bfhk>µ, rrapjf
apjfcó.
có. «Jk`
«Jk`aot
aotnn qua ta dkyk `
`njas
njastkbn.µ
tkbn.µ
Jk`aotn qua ta dkyk `njastkbn. On sa bfscujpó pnr pabfr`a uo mkvnr y juahn
pnoar`aa ao uok
pnoar` uok sftu
sftukcfóo
kcfóo cn`
cn`prn`
prn`atfbk.
atfbk. On sa bfscujpó pnr on ascrflfr
ascrf lfr jk ontk. Of
sfqufark sa bfscujpó pnr su rakccfóo. Jn ùofcn qua dfzn mua racnoncar qua s
rakccfóo
rakc cfóo `
`aa dklàk `njas
njastkbn,
tkbn, jjnn qua `
`aa `njastklk kkùo
ùo `ës.
`ës.
Fotajactukj`aota, puabn cn`praobar jk sftukcfóo. [ua tu a`prask sa vkyk k pfqua
pnoaa ba jns oarvfns k cu
pno cukjqufark,
kjqufark, as uouokk sftu
sftukcfóo
kcfóo tao
taosk
sk y `uy cn`
cn`pjfckbk.
pjfckbk. Basba
asta ëohujn, jk prahuotk pnr jk ontk pkraca trfvfkj y muark ba juhkr. K astn sa su`k aj
bfshustn pnr on dklar cu`pjfbn cno jn qua prn`atfó, y aj rasujtkbn mua uok frk qua
aqufvnckbk`aota bfrfhfó dkcfk `à. Jn aotfaobn. Warn, ao aj pjkon a`ncfnokj, `a
pkracfó uok trkfcfóo k tnbn jn ququaa dklàk dacd
acdnn pnr æj bu
burkot
rkotaa asa ùjtf`
ùjtf`nn kûn. V `
`aa
baió paoskobn9 ¾y kdnrk quæ>
Wnbàk fotaotkr dkljkr ba ouavn cno æj, parn astklk lkstkota sahurn ba qua on
ck`lfkr
ck` lfkràk
àk okbk y ba qua yn ``aa ssaot
aotfr
fràk
àk kùo `
`ës
ës nmao
nmaobfbn
bfbn..
Wnbàk dkljkr cno ntrns snlra jn sucabfbn, ascucdkr sus npfofnoas, quaikr`a. Warn
on qufarn
qufarn sar asta tfpn ba pars
parsno
nok.
k.
N saocfjjk`aota pnbàk bkrjn pnr parbfbn. Warn mracuaotk`ns jns `fs`ns càrcujns
y tkrba n ta`prkon kcklkràk`ns aocnotrëobnons. V on quaràk saotfr`a focó`nbn
ckbk vaz qua astuvfærk`ns ao jk `fs`k skjk. V, ao cukjqufar cksn, ¾ba varbkb qufarn
baikr ba var k tnbn kquaj cuyks kccfnoas `a dfarko> Sny `uy saosflja, sahurk`aota
kcklkràk snjn. Wnr ùjtf`n, y tkj vaz sak jn `ës f`pnrtkota, `a hustk `ucdn If`. Dk
sfbn uo hrko k`fhn burkota vafota kûns y `a aockotk astkr cno æj. As bfvartfbn,
fotaraskota y `uy
`uy carc
carckon.
kon. On qufarn parba
parbarr ssuu k`
k`fs
fstkb.
tkb.
Aj rastn ba jk mfastk mua axtrkûn, y `a muf sfotfæobn`a `kj y sfo sklar quæ dkcar.
Kj mfokj, jjk`æ k `f cnosaiarn `ës fotajfhaota.
@f `kbra astë rnbakbk ba haota qua jk qufara. On dkca `ucdn `a cnotó qua

astuvn
nliatn skjfaobn
axcjusfvncnoqua
kjhufao qua jk prn`atfbn
ja dklàko trkfcfnoó. Kk sus aspkjbks,
ajjk. trktó ba `kotuvn
Aj vaobabnr cn`prkr uo
aj
cn`prn`fsn cno `f `kbra, y ajjk `kotuvn jk rajkcfóo tkotn cno aj vaobabnr cn`n
cno aj trkfbnr. ¾Có`n jn suparó>
«Sæ jn qua puabn
puabn asparkr ba æjµ, `a ax axpjfcó.
pjfcó. «Æj as asa tfpn ba parsnok.µ
«¾Kjhuok vaz dkljkstafs ba ajjn>µ, ja prahuotæ.
«Onµ, raspnobfó. «¾Wnr quæ balaràk dkcarjn> On ck`lfkràk okbk. Æj sahufrë
sfaobn fhukj.
fhukj. V dkljkr ba ajjn on jn krrahjkrë.µ
«Warn ¾có`n puabas sahufr cftëobnta cno æj> ¾On ta `njastk varjn>µ
«Astny ba`ksfkbn ckoskbk pkrk aomkbkr`a ckbk vaz qua kjhufao dkca kjhn qua on
`a hustk. V on qufarn kfsjkr`a ba jns ba`ës. Jn kpracfn pnr ntrks cukjfbkbas. Warn
sæ quæ asparkr ba æj.µ
 @f `kbra as uok `uiar cno `ucdk axparfaocfk. ¾Su cnosain>

[ua vfvk cno ajjn.

Jk rakccfóo ba If` on taoàk okbk qua var cno`fhn, sfon cno æj. V yn vfvn ao aj
aspkcfn qua dky aotra baikr ba dkljkrja y trktkr ba krrahjkr jks cnsks dkljkobn cn
æj. Asta aspkcfn
aspkcf n sa jjk`k kcapt
kcaptkr
kr k jns ba`
ba`ës
ës tkj cn`n sno
sno..
Jk rakccfóo ba If` `a axpjfck cnsks ba If`. Rfaoa mk`k ba hrftkr k jns ba`ës y
ba uskr jk frk pkrk fotf`fbkr y ajubfr sus raspnosklfjfbkbas. Saocfjjk`aota, ouock
kotas jn dklàk dacdn cno`fhn. Mnr`k pkrta ba su parsnokjfbkb. Rkj vaz ck`lfa, parn
on vny k cnotkr cno ajjn. @f rajkcfóo cno æj `a bk fomnr`kcfóo qua `a sfrva pkrk
sklar quæ asparkr ba æj ao aj muturn.
V on snjn vny k asparkr hrftns. Kba`ës, kj sklar quæ puabn asparkr, kpracfn jks
pkrtas qua
qua `a hustko ba If` sfo bfstrkar`
bfstrkar`aa pnr jks qu
quaa on `a hu
hustko
stko.. Jn kcaptn
cn`pjatk`aota pnr jn qua as, sfo dkcar`a fjusfnoas. V, ao ouastrk rajkcfóo, puabn
skjvkhukrbkr`a cukobn kctùk ba mnr`ks qua on `a hustko.
Ao ratrnspactfvk, cran qua ja prahuotkràk fhukj sf dklàk ascrftn jk ontk, parn,
cukobn `a hrftó, balaràk dklar raspnobfbn9 «Vk sæ qua asta kûn dk sfbn burn pkrk tf,
y jk`aotn qua astæs pkskobn pnr astn. Cn`praobn qua on ascrflfarks jk ontk. Warn as
luaon
lu aon sklarjn pnr sf jk sa`ko
sa`kokk qua vfao
vfaoaa van k Ab ao jk cno
cnomarao
maraocfkµ.
cfkµ. V baikrj
baikrjnn kdà.
Sfo bnjnr. Sfo aomkbn. Sfo ajubfrjn. Sfo uok rakccfóo pksfvk-khrasfvk9 sf`pja`aota
kcaptkobn jk sftukcfóo y k If`.
@f rajkcfóo cno If`, ¾sarë `ës suparmfcfkj kdnrk> Kj prfocfpfn, astklk sahurn ba
qua ksà saràk, parn vny k asmnrzkr`a pkrk qua astn on ncurrk. Jks parsnoks sn
f`parmactks, aotra ajjks aj trkfbnr ba `f `kbra y If`, y tk`lfæo yn `fs`n. Wnr asn as
f`pnrtkota on bkrja pnr parbfbn. Sf jn dfcfark, tk`lfæo kcklkràk bëobn`a k `à
`fs`n pnr parbfbn. Kcaptkr sus jf`ftkcfnoas `a par`fta kcaptkr jks `àks.
V astn tk`lfæo cn`pnrtk kcaptkr aj dacdn ba qua dky sftukcfnoas qua on puabn
rasnjvar cno `ës cn`uofckcfóo.

\asfsta aj f`pujsn ba bkr pnr parbfbn k kjhufao qua ta dk darfbn n ta dk bacapcfnokbn. Jk `kynràk
ba jks va
vaca
cass on ta a s të tr
trkf
kfcfnok
cfnokob
obn.
n. As f`parm
f`parmaa ctn y jucd
jucdkk cno sus pr
prnlja`k
nlja`kss . Kcaptk k jjkk parsnok y
sus jf`ftkcfnoas, y pksk pëhfok.

....
 <3

Jk foavftklja `ujtk
ba trëmfcn
Avftk bfscutfr

Ark jk dnrk ba cn`ar, y sfata parsnoks ‒bns ofûns y cfocn kbujtns‒ àlk`ns k
cn`pkrtfr jks sfhufaotas tras dnrks ao aj cncda pkrk fr basba Ouavk Vnre k
Cnooactfcut, bnoba pkskràk`ns aj mfo ba sa`kok. Bacfbf`ns cn`prkr kjhn ba cn`fbk
pkrk jjavkr ao uo juh
juhkr
kr qua
qua astë ao jk asqufo
asqufokk ba jk ckjja Ncd
Ncdao
aotk
tk y ncd
ncdnn cn
Lrnkbwky. Kpkrquæ mraota kj astkljacf`faotn y aotræ pkrk pabfr jk cn`fbk.
Cksf ba fo`abfktn, `f dfik Fsklajja, qua pnr aotnocas taoàk ncdn kûns, vfon
cnrrfaobn.
«¡Wkpë! ¡]ao, rëpfbn! ¡Jk pnjfcàk ta astë pnofaobn uok `ujtk!µ
Skjà cn`n uo rkyn.
«Aspara, on `a pnohk jk `ujtk. Jn `uavn aosahufbkµ, ja prnpusa k jk khaota.
«Ba`ksfkbn
«Ba` ksfkbn tkrbaµ, rapjf
rapjfcó.
có.
«¡]aoh
«¡] aohkk yk! Snjn jn da baikbn tras `fou
foutns.
tns. Dkhk aj mkvnr.µ
«Dk baikbn aj cncda bajkota ba uok pkrkbk ba kutnlùsµ, y saûkjó `abfk `kozkok
`ës klkin.
«Warn sf jk pkrkbk astë k `abfk `kozkok…µ, prntastæ.
On bfin okbk.
okbk.
«¡Astë ba lrn`k!µ, axcjk`æ kjzkobn jns lrkzns.
«Cukobn a`pfazn k ascrflfr jk `ujtk, yk on puabn acdkr`a ktrësµ. @a jk aotrahó.
«Warn ¡sf of sfqufark ons dk pabfbn qua ons `nvk`ns! ¾Wnr quæ on ons jn dk
pabfbn>µ Vn sahu
sahuà bfscutfaobn,
bfscutfaobn, parn ajjk yk sa astklk `
`krcdko
krcdkobn.
bn.
Aotnocas mua cukobn sa `a ncurrfó9 bfscutfr as uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn. On snjn a
astk sftukcfóo, cno uo pnjfcàk. @a ramfarn k bfscutfr cno qufao sak, bnoba sak, cukobn
sak. As uok tëctfck parbabnrk hkrkotfzkbk.

y nsWfæoskjn.
pnoæfs kRù y ntrk parsnok
bfscutfr. taoæfs
Mfohas qua uok vfsfóoparn
jk ascucdks, npuastk snlra
jn qua uo ksuotn
rakj`aota batar`fokbn
dkcas as lusckr
aj puotn bælfj ba su krhu`aotn pkrk pnbar ralktfrjn. N, tkj vaz, sf ajjk dk ramutkbn u
puootn ko
pu kotarfnr,
tarfnr, astës pao
paoskobn
skobn ao có`
có`nn npno
npnoar
ar uo krhu`
krhu`aotn.
aotn. N qu
qufzë
fzë ta jn dks

tn`kbn ba mnr`k parsnokj9 on as snjn aj krhu`aotn, sfon qua as ask parsnok a

cuastfóo y tnbn kquaj qua astæ ba kcuarbn cno ajjk.
Ao kjhuons cksns rkrns, puaba qua cnosfbaras qua aj krhu`aotn ba jk ntrk parsnok
tfaoa `ærftn. Aotnocas, ¾quæ> ¾Ck`lfks ba npfofóo> Sahurk`aota, on. Ao juhkr ba
ajjn, kokjfzks jk cuastfóo pkrk dkjjkr aj krhu`aotn cnrractn qua pruala qua sa
aqufvnck.
Kj paoskr ao tnbks jks bfscusfnoas qua da taofbn ‒bfscusfnoas pnjàtfcks,
bfscusfnoas rajfhfnsks, bfscusfnoas cno Ajakonr, cno `fs dfins, cno `fs pkbras n cno
`fs a`pjakbns, bfscusfnoas snlra jks ontfcfks, snlra uok fbak ba oahncfn, snlra u
krtàcujn n snlra uok mnr`k ba dkcar kjhn‒, van qua, kj mfokj, ckbk parsnok baik ba
bfscutfr cno jk saoskcfóo, ao `ucdns cksns `kynr qua kotas ba cn`aozkr, ba qua
astklk ao jn cfartn.
cfar tn.
¾[uæ prnlklfjfbkbas dky ba qua ck`lfas ba npfofóo ao `abfn ba uok bfscusfóo>
¾N ba qua kcaptas baj puotn ba vfstk baj ntrn cukobn ta astë `kcdkckobn cno æj>
Bfscutfr prnbuca uo rasujtkbn prabacflja9 kmfr`k jk pnsfcfóo ba ckbk uon, qua,
pnr supu
supuastn,
astn, as pracfsk`ao
pracfsk`aotata jn cno
cnotrkrfn
trkrfn qua
qua qu
qufaras
faras cno
cnosahu
sahufr
fr cno jk bfscusfóo.
Rk`lfæo as uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn y pariubfck jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas.
Snjn axfsta uok snjucfóo9 baikr ba bfscutfr. V rasfstfrsa, ao prf`ar tær`fon, k jk
taotkcfóo ba a`pazkr uok bfscusfóo.
¾V sf kjhufao trktk ba `atarta ao uok bfscusfóo> On `uarbks aj kozuajn. Ck`lfk
ba ta`k n, abuckbk`aota, dkzja sklar kj ntrn qua on qufaras pnoarta k bfscutfr.
¾V sf astës ao pjaok bfscusfóo y ta bks cuaotk ba qua on vk k ofohuok pkrta>
Aotnocas on ta quabkrë ntrk npcfóo qua utfjfzkr tu kr`k snrprask. Jk bamaosk `ës
amactfvk pnsflja, qua hkrkotfzk suparkr cukjqufar bfscusfóo9 ascucdkr.
Saocfjjk`aota, ascucdk jn qua qufara bacfr jk ntrk parsnok sfo fotaotkr ramutkrjk. Sf
ta fotarask, puabas dkcar prahuotks, parn on pkrk ba`nstrkr qua astë aqufvnckbk,
sfon pkrk cn`praobarjk `ainr.
Ascucdkr tfaoa aj amactn npuastn k bfscutfr. Bfscutfr prnvnck qua jks parsnoks sa
cfarrao. Ascucdkr dkca qua sa ckj`ao. V, juahn, sa klrao. Cukobn sfaotao qua jks
ascucdko, sa rajkiko. Sa sfaotao haoarnsks. V jas a`pfazk k fotaraskr jn qua bfcao jns
ba`ës. V as kdà cukobn tfaoas jk npnrtuofbkb ba dkcar jn f`pnsflja9 ck`lfkr ba
npfofóo ‒tkj vaz jk tuyk prnpfk‒, pnrqua ascucdkr, ao juhkr ba bfscutfr, as jk `ainr
`koark ba ck`lfkr jns puotns ba vfstk.

Juahn, cukobn
tu npfofóoµ, qufarks
n «Balaræ zkoikr
paoskr jk cnovarskcfóo,
snlra ajjnµ, y puabasbffrta
kjhnn ck`lfkr
cn`n «Hrkcfks
ba ta`k.pnr bkr`a
On astny bfcfaobn ququaa ta baias k`k`abraot
abraotkr.
kr. Aj mfo ba sa`
sa`ko
kokk pkskbn astklk
asparkobn ao uok cnjk cukobn uo dn`lra sa `a pusn bajkota. Ja bfia qua asn on ark
cnrractn, y æj sa `a pusn k hrftkr, bfcfæobn`a k `à y k tnbns jns ba`ës qua dklàk
astkbn kjjà tnbn aj rktn, jn cukj ark uok `aotfrk mjkhrkota. A`pacæ k bfscutfr cno æj, jn
cukj mua uo
uo kctn foùtfj qquaua snjn jnhró kku`
u`aot
aotkr
kr jk tao
taosf
sfóo.
óo.
Kj mfokj, uok `uiar sa jf`ftó k trkzkr uo jà`fta. Bfin9 «On, on sa puaba ustab cnjkr
cukobn jns ba`ës astk`ns asparkobnµ, sa cnjncó bajkota ba æj y jn fhonró. Rnbns
jns ba`ës dfcf`ns jn `fs`n y aj dn`lra kckló ao aj mfokj ba jk cnjk. Bfscusfóo9 7.
Jà`ftas9 ;;..
Cukobn
Cu kobn `a `a cn
cnoact
oactææ k Fotaroat
Fotaroat pkrk pkhkr jjkk `u
`ujtk
jtk ba trëmfcn, trktæ ba quaikr`a. Sf
a`lkrhn, kotas ba pnoar`a k krhu`aotkr aj pnrquæ, kpkracfó uok pkotkjjk qua `a
nmracàk uo trktn9 pkhkr jk skocfóo cno uo <1 pnr cfaotn ba bascuaotn n racurrfr y, sf
parbàk, pkhkr
pkhkr aj `no notntn tnt
tntkj.
kj. Vn pao
paosæ
sæ qu
quaa tao
taoàk
àk rkzóo,
rkzóo, ksà qu
quaa racurrà y uoks
sa`koks baspuæs, parbà.
Jk próxf`k vaz, kcaptkræ aj trktn.

Jk próxf`k vaz qua astæs kj lnrba ba uok bfscusfóo, kjæikta9 ouock skjbrës hkokobn. Sf astës `atfbn
ao uok, ck`lfk ba tëctfck y ascucdk9 as jk ùofck mnr`k ba ck`lfkr jk npfofóo ba jk ntrk parsnok.

....
 <2

On ja acdas jk cujpk
kj parrn
Ckrhk tù cno jk cujpk

Astklk ao uok mfastk, ao Ouavk Vnre, ao aj Hraaowfcd ]fjjkha. Dklàk uo `notóo ba

haota, kj `aons aj bnlja ba jk qua cklàk ao kquaj juhkr. Aotra ajjns, tk`lfæo rnobklk
uo parrn. Warn ark uo aocuaotrn fomnr`kj, y pksëlk`ns `ucdn rktn ao jk cncfok,
cncfoko
cncf okobn
bn y jjf`pfkobn.
f`pfkobn.
Vn `a aocnotrklk ao aj mrahkbarn, jkvkobn pjktns, cukobn nà kj parrn kujjkr batrës
ba `à. @a hfræ iustn k tfa`pn pkrk var k uok `uiar `kjbacfr kj kof`kj, qua yk astklk
skjfaobn ba kjjà. Ja dklàk pfskbn jk pktk n jk cnjk, asn astklk cjkrn.
«¡Màikta pnr bóoba vks!µ, ja hrftó kj parrn. Juahn `a `fró y kûkbfó9 «Sfa`pra
astë ao `abfnµ.
¾Ao sarfn> ¾Wfsks kj parrn y juahn ja cujpks k æj> ¾[ufæo as ckpkz ba dkcar astn>
Ba dacdn, cksf tnbn aj `uobn.
A`pazk`ns k cujpkr k jns ba`ës basba qua sn`ns paquaûns, onr`kj`aota pkrk
asckpkr ba uok lrnock n ckstfhn ba ouastrns pkbras, parn tk`lfæo pkrk prasarvkr
ouastrk kutnastf`k n jk f`khao qua taoa`ns ba onsntrns `fs`ns. \apatf`ns astk
cnobuctk dkstk lfao aotrkbk jk abkb kbujtk. On pkrn ba var ao jks a`prasks ‒y astny
sahurn ba qua tù tk`lfæo‒ k parsnoks qua on dkcao `ës qua saûkjkr cno aj babn.
K vacas, ncurra aotra bapkrtk`aotns9 uo bapkrtk`aotn ba vaotks ao kprfatns acdk
jk cujpk k uo prnbuctn `kjn, `faotrks qua jns baj bapkrtk`aotn ba prnbuccfó
kcdkcko aj pncn æxftn k uo aqufpn ba vaotks foamfckz, n tkj vaz k uok mklrfckcfó
bamactunsk. Cujpkr k uo bapkrtk`aotn n k uo prnbuctn pkraca `ës sahurn qua cujpkr
k uok parsnok, qua as kjhn `ucdn `ës batar`fokbn, y puaba pkskr cn`n uo fotaotn ba
`ainrkr jk a`prask, y on cn`n uo kctn purk`aota bamaosfvn. Warn as
cnotrkprnbucaota, pnrqua jk trkospkraocfk ba jk cujpklfjfbkb trkfcfnok cukjqufar

bfsmrkz.
Dkca kjhuons kûns, `a saotæ k jk `ask cno jns bfrfhaotas ba uok f`pnrtkota
a`prask qua cntfzklk ao lnjsk. Astklko fotaotkobn mfikr jks `atks koukjas. Aj
bfractnr haoarkj, baj qua bapaobàko tnbns, on astklk ao jk skjk. Jas prahuotæ pnr quæ

astklko astkockbns. «Oacasftk`ns órbaoas ba jk bfraccfóoµ, cnotastkrno kj uoàsnon.

«¾Ao sarfn>µ, prahuotæ cno ksn`lrn. «@frkb k vuastrn kjrababnrµ, cnotfouæ
kjzkobn uo pncn jk vnz. «Rnbns ao astk a`prask asparko jks órbaoas ba vnsntrns.
¡]nsntrns
¡] nsntrns snfs
s nfs jk bfraccf
bfraccfóo
óo!µ
!µ
«Onµ, raspnobfó aj iama ba kjhùo bapkrtk`aotn `faotrks jns ba`ës ksaotàko. «Aj
bfractnr haoarkj astë kusaota.µ
«¾Astëfs cujpkobn kj bfractnr haoarkj>µ, rapjfquæ. «¾Astëfs asparkobn qua ns bfhk
jn qua dky qua dkcar> ¾Cno jns ckrhns qua taoæfs> ¾@a jn bacàs ao sarfn>µ
K astn ja sfhufó uo sfjaocfn focó`nbn. Juahn ons pusf`ns k trklkikr pkrk
snjucfnokr
snjucfno kr jjns
ns pr
prnlja`
nlja`ks
ks ba jk a`prask.
Cujpkr k jns ba`ës as uok astrktahfk parbabnrk, y on snjn pnrqua cukjqufark
puaba
pu aba var jk trk`pk.
trk`pk. N pnrqua on sak dno noastk.
astk. N pnrqua batarfnrk jks rajkcf
rajkcfno
noas
as
parsnokjas. N focjufocjusn
sn pnrqua, k paskr ba qu quaa trkt
trktk`
k`ns
ns ba prasarvkr ouastrk
kutnastf`k, ba dacdn, jk `ar`k. Jk rkzóo prfocfpkj ba pnr quæ cujpkr k jns ba`ës as
uok fbak oamkstk as qua on ons par`fta kpraobar.
Sf on tfaoas jk cujpk ba okbk, aotnocas on dky rkzóo pkrk kctukr ba mnr`k
bfmaraota.
V cukobn tfaoas jk cujpk ba kjhn y on jn kb`ftas, cno tnbk prnlklfjfbkb,
cn`atarës aj `fs`n arrnr ao aj muturn, jn cukj ta jjavkrë k acdkr `ës cujpks. As u
cfcjn qu
quaa cksf sfa`
sfa`pra
pra kcklk `kj.
On dkca `u `ucd
cdn,
n, uo bfractnr hao
aoarkj
arkj cno qufao
qufao astklk trklkiko
trklkikobn,
bn, bas
baspfbfó
pfbfó k Lfjj,
aj bfractnr ba jk ckrtark ba vkjnras. On jn baspfbfó pnrqua nltuvfark `kjns
rasujtkbns. Jn baspfbfó pnrqua raspnosklfjfzklk ba sus `kjns rasujtkbns a
fovarsfóo k cukjqufark `aons k æj `fs`n. Aj bfractnr haoarkj snjn quaràk uok cnsk ba
æj9 qua ksu`fark jns arrnras qua cn`atàk. Warn Lfjj sfhufó oahkobn jk
raspnosklfjfbkb ba qua jk ckrtark ba vkjnras rfobfark tko pncn.
Aj bfractnr haoarkj dfzn lfao ao baspabfrjn. Sf Lfjj on kcaptklk qua astklk
cn`atfaobn arrnras, ¾có`n flk k avftkr cn`atarjns ba ouavn> ¾Cnomfkràks k Lfjj t
bfoarn>
Wnr suarta, axfsta uok kjtaroktfvk mëcfj k cujpkr k jns ba`ës9 ckrhk cno jk cujpk ba
cukjqufar cnsk ba jk qua saks ra`ntk`aota raspnosklja.
Astk snjucfóo trkosmnr`k tnbks jks cnosacuaocfks oahktfvks ba cujpkr k jns ba`ës
ao cnosacuaocfks pnsftfvks. \amuarzk jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas, `ainrk t

crabflfjfbkb,
kutnastf`k, tatapar`fta
dkca majfz k tf yyksnjucfnok
kpraobar jns ba`ës, `ainrk jkAstrkospkraocfk,
prnlja`ks. ku`aotk
jn `ës pkracfbn jk
qua da
vfstn k uok pkokcak.
 Qok vaz qua dks ksu`fbn jk raspnosklfjfbkb, puabas dkcar kjhn kj raspactn. Sa
raqufara vkjaotàk pkrk kcaptkr jk cujpk, y astn ba`uastrk mnrtkjazk. Sfjaocfk ba
fo`abfktn k cukjqufark qua qufark acdkrta jk cujpk, pnrqua ¾quæ saotfbn tfaoa dkcarjn
sf yk jk dks ksu`fbn> Jk cnovarskcfóo ba «qufæo tfaoa jk cujpkµ quabk zkoikbk.
Kdnrk puabas caotrkrta ao rasnjvar prnlja`ks.
On sa pu
puaba
aba cnom
cnomfkr
fkr ao kjhu
kjhufao
fao qua astë sfa`pra k jk bamaosfvk5
bamaosfvk5 ao ck`
ck`lfn,
lfn, qufa
ksu`a jk raspnosklfjfbkb as bfhon ba cnomfkozk. Rkj vaz pfaosas qua ta axpnoas kj
pajfhrn pnrqu
pnr quaa ntrns pnbràko kprnvacdkr jkj k ncksfóo
ncks fóo pkrk ktkckrta, parn as
asnn on suaja
ncurrfr.
Astklk bfrfhfaobn aj pjko astrktæhfcn ba uok a`prask ba kjtk taconjnhàk cno aj
bfractnr haoarkj y sus kyubkotas. Kokjfzëlk`ns kjhuoks cuaotks prnlja`ëtfcks baj
trf`astra kotarfnr. Qon trks ntrn, ckbk a`pjakbn trktklk ba krhu`aotkr qua, ao ùjtf`k
fostkocfk, on ark raspnosklja ba jns rasujtkbns, y suharàk qua sa balàk lusckr jk
ckusk ao ntrns bapkrtk`aotns. Juahn, Bkva, aj bfractnr ba vaotks, tn`ó jk pkjklrk.
A`pazó k aou`arkr jns arrnras qua craàk dklar cn`atfbn parsnokj`aota y tnbn
kquajjn qua quaràk ck`lfkr ao uo muturn.
Sus cnjahks on sa aoskûkrno cno æj. Ba dacdn, dfcfarno iustn jn cnotrkrfn9 trktkrn
ba jflarkrjn ba jks cujpks. Qon trks ntrn, a`pazkrno k ksu`fr su raspnosklfjfbkb a
jns prnlja`ks qua astklk kmrnotkobn jk a`prask.
Ksu`fr jk cujpk sa cnovfarta ao uo aia`pjn. Cukobn uon jn dkca, jns ba`ës sa
sfaotao focó`nbns pnr on ksu`fr sus raspnosklfjfbkbas. Cukobn vao qua on jns vk
k muj`fokr, sa aovkjaotnoko y ksu`ao aj rfashn.
A focjusn sf jns ba`ës on ksu`ao sus raspnosklfjfbkbas pnr aj pkpaj qua dk
basa`paûkbn, kj `aons tù pnbrës avftkr cn`atar jns `fs`ns arrnras baj pkskbn, jn
cukj, ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk, as jk cjkva pkrk qua taohks æxftn ao aj muturn. Kj kcaptkr jk
cujpk, Bkva ck`lfó jk bfoë`fck ba jk rauofóo y, cn`n sa vfn baspuæs, tk`lfæo jk ba
jk a`prask. Kba`ës, jnhró qua jn kscaobfarko.
Warn tk`lfæo dky uo puotn bajfckbn ao aj dacdn ba kcaptkr jk cujpk. Wkrk dkcarjn,
oacasftks cnomfkozk ao tf `fs`n y ao tus ckpkcfbkbas. Oacasftks saotfrta sahurn pkrk
kcaptkr aj mrkcksn. Oacasftks sumfcfaota k`nr prnpfn pkrk craar qua puabas kpraobar
ba tus
tus arr
arrnras
nras y kcklkr ssup
uparëobnjns.
arëobnjns. Balas kcaptkr aj mrkcksn cn`
cn`nn pkrta ba jjkk vfbk
y on cn`n uo varabfctn mfokj ba có`n aras cn`n parsnok.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, sa puaba pfskr k uo parrn. Sno cnsks qua ncurrao. Warn on

cujpas kj parrn.
Ao cnotrk ba jk taotkcfóo ba bamaobarons y bfscujpkr ouastrns arrnras, kcaptkr jk cujpk as uo kctn
qua ta pntaocfk y ramuarzk tu pnsfcfóo, ao juhkr ba balfjftkrjk.

....
 <1

Jk
Jkss marrataràks
marrataràks
on vaobao jacda
Cnonca jks rahjks
ba jns ba`ës

Dkca uons `asas, Ajakonr jjahó k cksk `njastk baspuæs ba uo rnca cno @fcdajja, uok
ba jks `kbras ba jk ascuajk k jk qua vk ouastrk dfik. Kquajjk tkrba, `f `uiar skjubó k
@fcdajja, y astk jk fhonró pnr cn`pjatn. Waosó qua tkj vaz on jk dklàk nàbn, ksà qua
jk skjubó ba ouavn, kjzkobn jk vnz astk vaz. Warn sfhufó sfo raspnobar.
@fcdajja on astklk dkljkobn pnr tajæmnon of cno ntrns pkbras. As bacfr, on astklk
fockpkcftkbk pkrk raspnobar, saocfjjk`aota sa oahó k dkcarjn. Ja astklk kpjfckobn
jk jay baj dfajn. Warn Ajakonr on as ba jks qua sa rfobao, ksà qua jk skjubó uok
tarcark vaz. Aotnocas, jk ntrk mkrmujjó kjhn, sfo `frkrjk, y sa `krcdó.
Ao rakjfbkb on arko k`fhks. Snjn dklàko fotarck`lfkbn kjhuoks pkjklrks, snlra
tnbn cukobn @fcdajja jjk`klk k cksk pkrk quaikrsa pnr kjhn qua dklàk dacdn ouastrk
dfik. Kuo ksà, k Ajakonr ja bascnocartó qua ja dfcfark aj vkcàn. Ark uok ba kquajjks
paquaûks
paqu aûks cnsks qua cu
cuastk
astk qu
quftkrta
ftkrta ba jk cklaz
cklazk.
k. On sa jn asparklk.
Cnotfouk`aota ons snrpraoba jn qua jns ba`ës bfcao n dkcao, n baiko ba bacfr n
ba dkcar. ¾Wnr quæ `a fhonrk aj iama> ¾Wnr quæ sa dk ktrflufbn aj `ærftn `f
cn`pkûarn> ¾Có`n dk pnbfbn cn`atar asa arrnr `f a`pjakbn> ¾Ra puabas craar
qua aj bfractnr `a bfiark asn bajkota ba tnbns> ¾Có`n `f pkraik dk pnbfbn sar tk
bascnosfbarkbk cno`fhn> ¾Wnr quæ `f `uiar on vkjnrk jn qua dkhn pnr ajjk>
Cukobn ksasnrn k aiacutfvns n `abfn ao cnomjfctns aotra bfractnras, tnbns sa
snrpraobao ba có`n sa cn`pnrtko jns ba`ës. Astn `a dk jjavkbn k uok cnocjusfó
`uy saocfjjk9 onsntrns on sn`ns aj prnlja`k, ajjns tk`pncn. Aj prnlja`k sn
ouastrks axpactktfvks.
On sa trktk ba qu
quaa jks parsnoks sa cn`
cn`pnrtao
pnrtao lf
lfao
ao n `kj, sfon ba qua
qua onsntrns
aspark`ns qua sa cn`pnrtao ba mnr`k bfmaraota, focjusn cukobn ons dko ba`nstrkbn
uok y ntrk vaz qua ouastrks axpactktfvks astëo aqufvnckbks. ¾Balaràk snrpraobarta
qua pnr aoæsf`k vaz tu iama on ta fovfta k uok rauofóo> ¾N qua, cukobn aovàks u
cnrran ajactróofcn kmactunsn k uo cn`pkûarn, ta quabas sfo raspuastk, ntrk vaz>

@f cnosain as aj sfhufaota9 on vkyks k uok marrataràk y ta aomkbas pnrqua on

vaobao jacda. Ao asta cksn, jk raspuastk k jk mrustrkcfóo as jk kcaptkcfóo. As
focraàlja có`n ck`lfkr jks axpactktfvks puaba ck`lfkr jn qua vfvas.
Wuastn qua aj `uobn as `ës hjnlkj y ao jks a`prasks dky uok `kynr bfvarsfbkb ba
haota, jk prnlklfjfbkb ba qua ons rajkcfnoa`ns cno parsnoks bfmaraotas k onsntrns
ku`aotk axpnoaocfkj`aota. V qufaoas sno bfmaraotas kctùko ba mnr`k qua on
aspark`ns n on quara`ns. K vacas on ons `frko cukobn ons dkljko. K vacas sno
f`partfoaotas. K vacas of sfqufark dkljko. On sktfsmkcao ouastrks axpactktfvks y, pnr
jn tkotn, ons mrustrk`ns.
¾\acuarbks jk rahjk ba nrn> ¾Rrktkr k jns ba`ës cn`n ta hustkràk qua ta trktkrko>
Wuas njvàbkjk. Vk on muocfnok, sf as qua kjhuok vaz jn dfzn. Fotæotkjn cno astk ouavk
rahjk9 trktk k jns ba`ës cn`n k ajjns jas hustkràk qua jns trktkrko. Sf on ta hustk qua
ta cnotrnjao, pnr aia`pjn, aotnocas trktk ba on cnotrnjkr k jns ntrns. Warn axfsta
parsnoks y juhkras
juhkras ao jns qu
quaa kctu
kctukr
kr ksà as uo arrnr cn`n, pnr aia`
aia`pjn,
pjn, jk Fobfk.
Fobfk.
Sahùo @fcdkaj S. Scdajj, cnkutnr baj axcajaota @kokhfoh Kcrnss Cujturas9 Rda
Savao Eays tn Bnfoh Lusfoass wftd k Hjnlkj @fobsat , jns trklkikbnras fobfns
pramfarao ‒y asparko‒ qua qua jns cno
cnotrnjas.
trnjas. \acfaot
\acfaota`
a`ao
aota,
ta, @fcdkaj `a bfin9 «Aj
packbn ckpftkj ba jns aiacut
aiacutfvns
fvns nccfbaot
nccfbaotkjas
kjas as jk `ainr `koark ba qu qua,
a, ao ntrks
cujturks, dkhko lfao su trklkin. Cukobn a`pfazks k trktkr k jns ba`ës cn`n qufara
qua jas trktas, jns rasujtkbns sno `ës sktfsmkctnrfns. Kj trklkikr ao uo pkàs axtrkoiarn,
on snjn oacasftks qua ta trkbuzcko jks pkjklrks9 tk`lfæo oacasftks qua ta trkbuzcko k
jks parsnoksµ.
Ao kjhuoks cujturks, as `uy f`pnrtkota a`pazkr jks rauofnoas puotukj`aota. A
ntrks, jas bk fhukj. Ao kjhuons juhkras, as ba `kjk abuckcfóo fotarru`pfr. Ao ntrns, as
jk onr`k. Cn`praobar jks axpactktfvks ba jns ba`ës ta puaba kyubkr k rapjkotakrta
jks tuyks. V astn ta kyubk k trklkikr cno ajjns ba `koark `ës amactfvk.
Cukobn astny ao uok rauofóo cno Vuefen, `f sncfk ikpnoask, y on krtfcujk pkjklrk,
bny pnr supuastn qua astë ba kcuarbn cno`fhn. Warn pnbràk astkr aqufvnckbn. On as
qua astæ ba kcuarbn cno`fhn, as snjn qua on sa `nstrkràk ao baskcuarbn cno`fhn
ao pùljfcn. Sf cn`praobn astn, on `a snrpraobarë qua juahn taohk uok npfofó
bfmaraot
bfmara otaa ssnlra
nlra uo
uokk cuastfóo batar`fokbk.
Kuo ksà, as cksf `ës mëcfj aotaobar k Vuefen pnrqua, kj mfo y kj ckln, yn sny ba
Ouavk
Ou avk Vnre y ajjk as ba Rne nefn.
fn. Vn asparn qua
qua sak bfmarao
bfmaraota.
ta. Warn ¾qu
¾quæ pksk cno
Cdrfs,
dkrfokk qua
dkrfo astëcnstkj.
ba ntrn ao tkj.
cns aj baspkcdn ba okjacasftkr
On balaràk jkbn, yffo
qua askcfóo
omnr` ba Ouavk
mnr`kcfóo Vnre cn`n
pkrk sklar qu yn> kr
quææ aspar Astn
asparkr ba as
æj.
Warn sà qua jk oacasftn pnrqua, ba dacdn, prnvaof`ns ba uok cujturk bfmaraota.
Raoa`ns pkbras, prnmasnras, axparfaocfks, suaûns y asparkozks bfmaraotas, kba`ës
ba æxftns y mrkcksns bfmaraotas. K paskr ba qua aotaoba`ns jks `fs`ks pkjklrks,
dkljk`ns
dkljk` ns jaoh
jaohuks
uks bf
bfmaraotas.
maraotas.
Ksà qua, ao juhkr ba par`ftfr qua jk haota ta mrustra, kpraoba sus onr`ks ba
cn`pnrtk`faotn. Sf ta dklftùks k paoskr qua ckbk parsnok as ba uo pkàs bfmaraota qua
on cnoncas parmactk`aota, sarë `ës mëcfj qua jk kcaptas.
Juahn, cukobn kjhufao on cu`pjk tus axpactktfvks, on ta aomkbas. Jf`àtkta k
ck`lfkrjks pkrk qua sa kiustao `ainr k jk rakjfbkb. Qok vaz qua dkyks cn`praobfbn
quæ oacasftk ckbk uon, pnbrës trktkrjn ba `koark bfmaraota, uskr pkjklrks bfmaraotas,
n sar `ës n `aons khrasfvn.
N tkj vaz bacfbks `krcdkrta9 trklkikr ao ntrn juhkr cno ntrn tfpn ba haota, uofrta k
ntrk cn`uofbkb n lusckr ouavns k`fhns. Wnrqua cukobn kcaptas k jns ba`ës, cukobn
kcaptas qua on puabas cn`prkr jacda ao uok marrataràk, qufzë bacfbks qua on qufaras
astkr ao uok marrataràk. On qufarn bacfr qua jns ntrns on puabko ck`lfkr9 snjn bfhn
qua as uok trk`pk asparkr qua jn dkhko.
«¾Craas qua balaràk jjk`kr k @fcdajja pkrk dkljkr snlra jn qua dk ncurrfbn astk
tkrba>µ, `a prahuotó Ajakonr, tnbkvàk bfhfrfaobn jn qua dklàk ncurrfbn.
«Bapaobaµ, rapusa. «¾Ra `njastkrë qua ta `koba k mraàr aspërrkhns>µ

Ao juhkr ba aomkbkrta cno jk haota qua on cu`pja tus axpactktfvks, kiùstkjks kj cn`pnrtk`faotn qua
tfaoao onr`kj`aota. Cnonca có`n as uo fobfvfbun y k`ójbkta k æj.

....
 <=

Aj prf`ar bàk ba Snpdfk

cno ofava mrasck
Cnonca k jks parsnoks
parsno ks
ao aj juhkr ao aj qua vfvao

Ajakonr y yn astëlk`ns prnmuobk`aota bnr`fbns ao cksk ba `fs pkbras, kj onrta ba

Ouavk
Ou avk Vnre, cuko
cukobn
bn ouastrk dfik Snpd
Snpdfk,
fk, qu
quaa pnr ao
aotno
tnocas
cas tao
taoàk
àk cfocn kûns, aot
aotró
ró
cnrrfao
cnrrf aobn
bn ao aj bnr`
bnr`ftnrfn.
ftnrfn.
«¡@frkb pnr jk vaotkok!µ, hrftó `faotrks sulàk jks parsfkoks. Vn `fræ aj rajni9
arko jks safs ba jk `kûkok. Ajjk skjtklk aotusfks`kbk y trks jk parsfkok kpkracfarn
uons trafotk caotà`atrns ba ofava mrasck.
«¡]k`ns k asqufkr!µ
Qoks dnrks baspuæs, astklk cno Snpdfk y su dar`kok, Fsklajja, tras kûns `kynr, ao
jn kjtn ba uok pfstk ba ofvaj fotar`abfn qua dklàk`ns bascaobfbn vkrfks vacas. Warn
astk vaz ark bfmaraota. Jk ofava mrasck baj onrnasta on as jk ofava jfhark y aspnoinsk
baj nasta.
nas ta. As bu
burk
rk y bfmàcfj ba asqufkr, snlr
snlraa tnbn cuko
cukobn
bn pasks vafot
vafotaa efjns.
K Fsklajja ja cnstó, parn jnhró asqufkr ao astks ouavks cnobfcfnoas. Snpdfk, pnr
aj cnotrkrfn, sa ckyó cksf ba fo`abfktn. Sa rfó, sa pusn ao pfa y cn`aozó ba ouavn.
Qons `atrns `ës klkin, vnjvfó k ckarsa. Ba ouavn rfó y sa javkotó. Aotnocas
Fsklajja tk`lfæo
tk`lfæo sa pusn k raàr.
raà r.
Warn yn on. Kquajjn `a prancupklk pnrqua ark `uy bfmàcfj pkrk Snpdfk, pnbàk
dkcarsa bkûn y su cjksa ba asquà a`pazklk ao qufoca `foutns. K asta rft`n, on flk k
jjahkr
jj ahkr ouo
ouock.
ck.
Ja hrftæ kjhuoks pkjklrks ba ëof`n, kjhùo cnosain. Warn sa raàk tkotn qua ja
cnstklk asqufkr. ¾Sa astklk ckyaobn
ckyaobn k prnpósftn, pnrqua ark bfvartfbn>
@a pusa batrës ba ajjk pkrk kyubkrjk cukobn sa ckyark, parn ckbk vaz `a saotàk
`ës mrustrkbn. Ja bfia sarfk`aota qua baikrk ba iuhkr. Warn sa sahuàk ckyaobn y

rfaobn.
@fræ jk dnrk. «¡Snpdfk!µ, hrftæ. «]aohk, baik ba dkcar aj tnotn. Vk on as
bfvartfbn. ]k`ns
]k`ns k jjahkr tkrba k cjksa.µ
 «¡Jnn aastny
«¡J stny fotao
fotaotko
tkobn!µ,
bn!µ, rrapjf
apjfcó.
có.

@a ckj`æ pnr uo `n`aotn, `fræ kj cfajn y raspfræ dnobn. Jk lajjazk ba jns

ërlnjas culfartns ba ofava ark focraàlja. V mua aotnocas cukobn `a bf cuaotk ba qua
yn ark uo fbfntk.
Kdà astklk `f dfik ba cfocn kûns vfvfaobn uok axparfaocfk kjaotkbnrk. Kuoqua ark
bfmàcfj, axfhaota y bklk `fabn, jn astklk hastfnokobn ba `krkvfjjk, pksëobnsajn a
hrkoba. V ¾có`n jk kyubklk yn> Hrftkobn.
Kdnrk `a pkraca nlvfn, parn ao kquaj `n`aotn `f rakccfóo `a pkracfó
tntkj`aota okturkj. V astk as, ba dacdn, jk cuastfóo. @a pkracfó okturkj pnrqua ramjaik
có`n `a astklk sfotfaobn9 taoàk `fabn, astklk mrustrkbn y `a prancupklk qua Snpdfk
a Fsklajja jjahkrko k cjksa skoks y skjvks y k tfa`
tfa`pn.
pn.
¾Cuëj mua `f arrnr> Njvfbæ qua jk sftukcfóo on taoàk okbk qua var cno`fhn. Njvfbæ
caotrkr`a ao jks oacasfbkbas ba `f pùljfcn, ao asta cksn, uok ofûk ba cfocn kûns qua
asquàk snlra ofava mrasck pnr prf`ark vaz. As jk prf`ark jaccfóo ao jks
prasaotkcfnoas
prasaot kcfnoas y jk cn` cn`uuofckcfóo. OuOuoock dklràk cn`
cn`atfbn
atfbn aj `fs`fs`nn arrnr sf
astuvfark bkobn uok cnomaraocfk n dkljkobn cno uo cjfaota. As bacfr, sf astuvfark
aoskobn.
Warn cukobn astës `atfbn ao aj `anjjn, as mëcfj skjtkrsa aj pksn ba paoskr. Qo
a`pjakbn ons aotrahk uo trklkin pæsf`n y ons aomkbk`ns. Warn ¾kcksn astn ja vk k
kyubkr pkrk dkcarjn `ainr jk próxf`k vaz> Sf aj trklkin as `kjn pnrqua kj a`pjakbn
ja trka sfo cufbkbn, y `f aomkbn ja dkca f`pjfckrsa `ës, aotnocas tkj vaz sà. Warn u
lkin raobf`faot
raobf`faotnn oonn suaja astkr cku
ckuskbn
skbn pnr jk mkjtk ba `
`fabn.
fabn. J
Jkk rkzóo suaja sar uok
uok
`kjk cn`uofckcfóo n uok mkjtk ba ckpkcfbkb, y ao asta cksn mnr`ujkr prahuotks
partfoaotas
partfoao tas as, sahu
sahurk`
rk`aoaota,
ta, `
`ës
ës ùtfj.
As bfmàcfj ba dkcar pnrqua, cukobn astk`ns aomkbkbns, rakccfnok`ns cno frk. V
cukobn astk`ns mrustrkbns, raspnoba`ns cno mrustrkcfóo. As tntkj`aota
cn`praosfl
cn` praosflja,
ja, parn of mu
muocfnok
ocfnok ooff kyu
kyubk.
bk.
Jk snjucfóo as sf`pja9 cukobn rakccfnoas vfnjaotk`aota k kjhn, raspfrk dnobn y
dkzta uok prahuotk `uy saocfjjk. ¾[uæ ja dk ncurrfbn k jk ntrk parsnok> Juahn,
lksëobntaa ao jk raspuastk, dkz
lksëobnt kztata ntrk prahuo
prahuotk9 ¾qu
quææ puabn
puabn bacfr n dkcar pkrk
kyubkrjk>
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, on rakccfnoas basba bnoba tù astës, sfon basba bnoba astë
ajjns. ¾[uæ oacasftko ao asa `n`aotn> ¾Kjhùo cnosain> ¾Qok dfstnrfk snlra quæ
dfcfsta tù ao uok sftukcfóo sf`fjkr> ¾Rkj vaz snjn ascucdkrjns cno a`pktàk> N qufzë
snjn uo pncn ba pkcfaocfk.
F`khfok qua tu a`pjakbn mkvnrftn ‒kj qua ja dks babfckbn tkotn tfa`pn pkrk
mnr`krjn‒ ta bfiark qua astë paoskobn ao baikr tu aqufpn pkrk kcaptkr uo trklkin
ouavn. Ra saotfràks aomkbkbn y trkfcfnokbn, parn ¾kyubkràk qua ta aomkbkrks cno æj>
On. Jn
Jn `
`ainr
ainr sar
saràk
àk qua prah
prahuuotkrks qu
quææ ncu
ncurra,
rra, quæ mmuuocfnok y qu
quææ oon.
n.
Cukobn `a bf cuaotk ba `f arrnr, cksf `a aomkbæ cno`fhn `fs`n kj dklar cksf
raprf`fbn aj aotusfks`n ba `f dfik. Warn on `a mjkhajæ ba`ksfkbn. \aspfræ uo pncn
y jk `fræ. Asqufklk uons `atrns, sa ckàk, raàk, sa javkotklk y vuajtk k a`pazkr. ]arjk
raàrsa ba sus arrnras `a racnrbó qua on balàk tn`kr`a k `à `fs`n `uy ao sarfn.
\asujtk qua pnoarsa ao aj juhkr ba jns ntrns on snjn jas kyubk k ajjns, sfon qua
tk`lfæo ta kyubk k tf.

Ao uok sftukcfóo mrustrkota, on rakccfnoas sahùo jn qua sfaotas ao kquaj `n`aotn ‒aomkbn,
`njastfk, frrftkcfóo‒, sfon sahùo jn qua jk ntrk parsnok oacasftk pkrk rasnjvar aj prnlja`k.

....
 <8

pksa
Mua uo p ksa jkrhn
jkrhn
Cnovfærtata
Cnovfærtata ao uo hrko racaptnr

Focjusn kotas ba snjtkr aj bfscn, supa qua flk k sar uo pksa jkrhn. V, pnr bashrkcfk,
tk`lfæo mua uo pksa tnrpa.
Astëlk`ns iuhkobn k Qjtf`kta Mrfslaa, uo bapnrta pkracfbn kj mùtlnj k`arfckon.
Astëlk`ns a`pktkbns k ;2 y sa ons kcklklk aj tfa`pn. [ufao jnhrkrk aj sfhufaota
puootn hko
pu koklk
klk aj pkrtfbn. Cno Cnota`
ta`pjæ
pjæ có`
có`nn vnjklk aj bfscn pnr ao aocf`
cf`kk ba jns
uhkbnras. Rnbns `aons yn cnrrfarno dkcfk aj mfokj baj ck`pn. Warn cukobn vf qua aj
bfscn sa tk`lkjaklk y sa ascnrklk dkcfk jk fzqufarbk, `a kvarhnocæ sfo ra`abfn.
Kuo ksà, tnbkvàk craàk qua pnbàk fr baotrn.
@f k`fhn Sk` astklk ao `f aqufpn.
Sk` sa sapkró baj rastn ba jns cnrrabnras y sa bfrfhfó dkcfk jk jàoak ba mnobn,
parn aj bfscn sahu
sahuàk
àk astko
astkobnbn ba`
ba`ksfkbn
ksfkbn jains. On flk k jjahkr. Warn, ao aj ùjtf` ùjtf`nn
`n`aotn, bfn uo skjtn. Ao pnsfcfóo cn`pjatk`aota dnrfznotkj, Sk` sa baspjkzó pnr
aj kfra cno jns lrkzns axtaobfbns. Aj tfa`pn sa rkjaotfzó k `abfbk qua sa kcarcklk aj
bfscn. Duln uo sfjaocfn sapujcrkj ao aj ck`pn cukobn ckyó basjfzëobnsa snlra jk
jàoak ba mnobn rnbakbn ba uok oula ba pnjvn. Qo sahuobn baspuæs, sa javkotó, cno aj
Mrfslaa ao jk `kon. Ouastrn aqufpn astkjjó ao iùlfjn.
Jk rracapcf
acapcfóo
óo ba Sk` oons ns dfzn hko
hkokr
kr aj tnroan.
V tk`lfæo
tk`lfæo ``aa bf
bfnn uo
uokk jjaccf
accfóo9
óo9 ou
ouock
ock sulastf`
sulastf`asas aj vkjn
vkjnrr bbaa uo lu
luao
ao racaptnr
racaptnr..
@a kcnrbæ ba astn on dkca `ucdn, baspuæs ba trkar k cnjkcfóo uo ta`k bajfckbn
cno Kjlk, uok cjfaotk. Jk cnovarskcfóo varsklk snlra uok rauofóo qua ajjk balàk
bfrfhfr y snlra `fs prnpfks fosahurfbkbas snlra có`n pnbàk kyubkrjk. Kotas ba
dkljkr cno ajjk, `a ksnjklko jks bubks y astklk prancupkbn. ¾@a astklk
axtrkjf`ftkobn> ¾@a astklk axpnofaobn ba`ksfkbn> ¾\acdkzkràk ajjk `fs fbaks>
¾@aa rracdkz
¾@ acdkzkrà
kràkk k `à>
A`pacæ jk cnovarskcfóo k trn`pfcnoas, bfscujpëobn`a y bkobn ba`ksfkbn
cnotaxtn. Focjusn cukobn skquæ aj ta`k ao cuastfóo jn dfca k `nbn ba taotktfvk,
nscurk`aota, y var có`n `fs pkjklrks mjntklko ao aj kfra `a dfzn saotfr focó`nbn.
Warn, pnr suarta, Kjlk rasujtó sar uok racaptnrk ba jk `fs`k cktahnràk qua Sk`.
 @a ascucdó sfo `nstrkr jk `ës `àof`k `njastfk. Dfzn prahuotks ‒on pkrk
bamaobarsa n pkrk ramutkr `fs krhu`aotns‒, sfon pkrk cn`praobar `f puotn ba vfstk
`ës cjkrk`aota. Mua ajahkota y tnjarkota, astuvn ktaotk. Su ckpkcfbkb pkrk ksf`fjkr
jn qua ja astklk bfcfaobn ons jjavó k uok cnovarskcfóo prnmuobk snlra s
raobf`faotn, aj pkpaj qua yn basa`paûklk y jks oacasfbkbas baj aqufpn. Wncks
sa`koks baspuæs, sa prasaotó ao jk rauofóo y jk bfrfhfó ba `koark axcajaota.
Onr`kj`
Onr` kj`ao aota,
ta, ascnha`
ascnha`ns ns k ouastrns jàbarjàbaras
as pnr su ckpkcfbkb pkrk trko trkos`
s`ftfr
ftfr
`aoskias ba `koark cjkrk y rntuobk. Warn, sahùo `f axparfaocfk, as su ckpkcfbkb
pkrk racflfr
racf lfr `ao
`aoskias
skias jjnn qu
quaa bfstfoh
bfstfohuua k jns `
`ainras
ainras jjàbaras
àbaras ba jns
j ns ba`
ba`ës.
ës.
Ksà qua ¾có`
¾có`nn ta cn
cnovfartas
ovfartas ao uuoo lu
luao
ao racaptnr
racaptnr>>

Sæ vkjfaota. Snja`ns ktrflufr aj vkjnr k qufao dkljk, parn ¾quæ pksk cno qufa
ascucdk> K `à `a bklk `fabn klnrbkr kjhuons ta`ks cno Kjlk, parn dklàk taofbn
tfa`pn pkrk prapkrkr`a. Wnbàk cnotrnjkr quæ y có`n jn bacàk. Wuba ramjaxfnokr cn
kotajkcfóo, ascrflfr kjhuoks ontks y cnosujtkr `fs fbaks cno ntrks parsnoks. Aj
racaptnr on tfaoa tnbks astks vaotkiks. Cn`n Sk`, tfaoa qua racflfr `f jkozk`faotn,
cn`n sak, bnoba sak y cukobn sak. Rfaoa qua astkr bfspuastn k ascucdkr pkjklrks qua
ja puabao dkcar saotfr fosahurn, qua ja puabao bkr `fabn n pnoarjn k jk bamaosfvk. V,
sf as uo luao racaptnr, kcaptkrë aj `aoskia n jk fomnr`kcfóo k cnocfaocfk, focjusn sf
jk mnr`k ba axpraskrjn as f`parmactk n bfscnrbkota. Astn raqufara uo aonr`a vkjnr.

n iuzhuas. \acflfr bapaoba tkotn ba jn qua dkcas cn`n ba jn qua on dkcas. \asfsta
jk taotkcfóo ‒basckrkbk n sutfj`aota‒ ba crftfckr k qufao dkljk n jn qua bfca. On
bfscutks, of ta lurjas, of fosujtas n kctùas khrasfvk`aota, on jk tn`as cno jk ntrk
parsnok, on
on ta pnoh
pnohks k jk bamao
bamaosfvk
sfvk of saks mràn.

Sæ klfartn. Wkrk racflfr uo pksa ao cukjqufar bapnrta ‒y tk`lfæo ao aj trklkin y a

jk vfbk‒, balas astkr jflra, klfartn, bas`krckbn. Warn k `aoubn ons culrf`ns k
onsntrns `fs`ns. Saotf`faotns pntaotas cn`n aj `fabn, aj aomkbn, jk trfstazk y jk
fosahurfbkb sno fbóoans pkrk ljnquakr ouastrk ckpkcfbkb pkrk racflfr uo pksa. Sf
qufaras sar uo luao racaptnr, balas baikrta saotfr jn qua sfaotas sfo ljnquakr n
cnotrnjkr tus rakccfnoas. \aspfrk. \acnonca quæ as jn qua astës sfotfaobn snlra tf
`fs`n ‒focjusn jn qua sfaotas raspactn k jk ntrk parsnok‒, parn sfo astkockrta a
ajjn. \aftark jn qua nyas, dkz prahuotks, sæ curfnsn. Warn on saks curfnsn snjn pkrk
pnbar ramutkr
ramutkr jn qu
quaa ta astëo bfcfaobn, sfon pkrk cn`
cn`praobar
praobar qu
quææ bfca jk ntrk parsno
pars nokk
y, snlra tnbn, quæ bfca aotra jàoaks.
 Sf jnhrks sar vkjfaota, avftkr iuzhkr y astës klfartn ‒focjusn sf aj jkozk`faotn as

f`parmactn y aj `aoskia ta bascnocfartk‒, aotnocas, cn`n Sk` y cn`n Kjlk, pnbrës

ktrkpkr prëctfck`aota tnbn.
V cukobn taohks astn pnr jk `kon, sarës aj `ainr iuhkbnr ba cukjqufar aqufpn ao
aj qua astæs.

Jk próxf`k vaz qua sfaotks aj f`pujsn ba racdkzkr jk npfofóo n jks fbaks ba ntrk parsnok, lkik jns
lrkzns y ëlrata k jn qua ta bfca. Cukotn `ainr ascucdas, `ës ta dkljkrëo.

....
 <4

Qok skjf
skjfbk
bk ao mkjsn
ta basckjfmfck
Wrf`arn, `uastrk a`pktàk. Juahn,
dkzjaa saotfr lfao
dkzj

Ajakonr y yn astëlk`ns vfsftkobn k uons k`fhns uo sëlkbn cukobn su dfik ba ouava

kûns, Bkok,
Bkok, jj jjah
ahóó k cks
cksk.
k. Astklk aj lnr
lnrba
ba baj jjkotn
jjkotn,, kpaoks pnbàk cnotao
cnotaoarsa.
arsa.
«Ckrfûnµ, bfin su `kbra, «¾quæ dk ncurrfbn ao jk cn`patfcfóo ba oktkcfóo>µ
Bkok as uok okbkbnrk axcajaota. Aotraok `ucdn, pnr jks `kûkoks vk k okbkr k jks
safs y tk`lfæo kcuba k jk pfscfok kjhuoks tkrbas. V nltfaoa racn`paosk pnr sus
asmuarzns. K `aoubn hkok cn`patfcfnoas, jn qua ja ntnrhk puotns k su aqufpn. As
avfbaotaa qua astë nrhu
avfbaot nrhujjnsk
jjnsk ba tnbks as
astks
tks vfctnrfks.
Warn on jnhrk jn `fs`n cno tnbn jn qua sa prnpnoa. Ja cuastko kjhuoks
ksfhokturks baj cnjahfn, tfaoa qua dkcar balaras axtrks ba `kta`ëtfcks pkrk sahufr aj
rft`n ba jns ntrns ofûns, y tk`lfæo oacasftk kyubk ao jks cjksas ba jacturk. Sfa`pra,
sfo a`lkrhn, sa asmuarzk kj `ëxf`n.
«@a dko basckjfmfckbnµ, rapusn. Okbó `uy lfao ao jk ckrrark, parn sa tfró k jk
pfscfook uuook mrkccfóo ba sahuo
pfscf sahuobn ko
kotas
tas ba qu
quaa snokrk aj bfspkrn9 uo
uokk skjf
skjfbk
bk ao mkjsn.
Astëlk`ns ao aj vastàlujn ba su cksk, y ajjk sa saotó ao aj asckjóo fomarfnr, cno jk
`ncdfjk kùo ao jk aspkjbk, `frkobn kj vkcàn, foaxprasfvk.
«Cfajnµ, susurró su pkbra, «dky `ucdks `ës cn`patfcfnoas astk ta`pnrkbk.
Raobrës `ës npnrtuofbkbas pkrk hkokr.µ
Vn ja bfia9 «Aj dacdn ba qua dkyks skjtkbn kotas sfhofmfck qua astklks bëobnjn
tnbn. Rrktklks ba on basparbfcfkr of uok `fjæsf`k ao jk skjfbk. Asa as aj luao
ck`fon. On ckjcujksta lfao aj tfa`pn, parn on pksk okbk. Cukotn `ës prkctfquas,
`ainr jn dkrësµ.
«Rnbns jns okbkbnras ba tnbns jns aqufpns dko sfbn basckjfmfckbns kjhuok vazµ,

kûkbfó
«Vk Ajako
Ajakonr.
varësnr.có`n
«Mnr`k pkrta baj bapnrta.µ
aj aotraokbnr ta kyubkrë k prkctfckr jks skjfbks kotas ba jk
sfhu
sf hufaota
faota cn`pat
cn`patfcf
fcfóoµ,
óoµ, cnotfo
cnotfouó
uó su `
`kbra
kbra,, «y sk
sklrës
lrës axkctk`
axkctk`aot
aotaa cuëo
c uëobn
bn sskjtkr
kjtkr pkrk
on parbar of uo sahuobn y tk`pncn quabkr basckjfmfckbk. Kpraobarës k dkcarjn.µ

Warn okbk ba jn qua bacàk`ns pkracàk `ainrkr jk sftukcfóo. Okbk ck`lfó s

`frkbk foaxprasfvk. Okbk muocfnoklk.
Aotnocas, kpkracfó su kluajk, @f`f.
Astëlk`ns tnbns rnbakobn k Bkok, parn @f`f sa klrfó pksn y sa saotó iuotn k
ajjk. Ja pksó aj lrkzn pnr aocf`k baj dn`lrn y hukrbó sfjaocfn. Kj mfokj, jk ofûk
kpnyó jk cklazk ao aj dn`lrn ba su kluajk. Baspuæs ba uo rktn ba sfjaocfn, @f`f ja
lasó jk cklazk y bfin9 «Sæ jn ` `uucd
cdnn qu
quaa ta asm
asmuuarzks cno astn, ckrfûn. As trfsta qu quaa ta
basckjfmfquaoµ.
Ao asa `n`aotn, Bkok rn`pfó k jjnrkr. Su kluajk sfhufó kjjà burkota vkrfns
`foutns, rnbaëobnjk cno aj lrkzn, ao sfjaocfn.
Baspuæs jk paquaûk jk `fró, sa sacó jks jëhrf`ks y bfin saocfjjk`aota9 «Hrkcfks,
@f`fµ.
@f` fµ. V yn paosæ9 Rnbn
Rnbns,s, aiacutfvns y bfractnras ba aqufpn, balaràko var astn.
Axcaptn @f`f,
@f`f, ofo
ofohu
huon
on ba onsntrns supn var quæ oacasftklk Bkok. Bkok.
Fotaotk`ns qua sa sfotfark `ainr `nstrëobnja jks vaotkiks baj mrkcksn, pnofaobn aj
arrnr ao cnotaxtn, aosaûëobnja có`n pnbàk skckr uok jaccfóo ba ajjn, y `ntfvëobnjk
pkrk qua sa asmnrzkrk
asmnrzkrk `ës
`ës y jn dfcfark ``ainr
ainr pkrk qua oonn ja vnjvfar
vnjvfarkk k ncu
ncurrfr
rrfr..
Warn on oacasftklk okbk ba astn. Vk jn sklàk. V sf on jn sklàk, yk jn cn`praobaràk
pnr ajjk `fs`k.
`fs`k. ¾¾[u
[uææ ark jn qua ooacasftklk,
acasftklk, jn qua on sa pnbàk bkr k sà `fs` `fs`k,k, jn qua
qua
@f`f aotaobfó y sktfsmfzn>
Jk a`pktàk.
Oacasftklk saotfr qua on astklk snjk, qu quaa tnbns jk qu
quaràk`
aràk`ns ns y qu
quaa kqu
k quaj
aj mrkcksn
on jn flk
f lk k ck`
ck`lfkr.
lfkr. Rao
Raoàk
àk qua sklar qua aotaotaobàk`
aobàk`nsns có`
có`nn ssaa sa
saot
otàk
àk y qu
quaa sk
sklàk`ns
làk`ns
qua jn suparkràk. Ao mfo, qua cnomfëlk`ns ao ajjk.
Vn quaràk qua tnbn jàbar n bfractnr ‒tnbk parsnok‒ vfark jk ascaok pnrqua jk
raspuastk a`pëtfck kj mrkcksn on snjn as jk `ës cn`pksfvk, sfon tk`lfæo jk `ës
prnbuctfvk.
prnbuct fvk.
Sf `a sfaotn cnotfhn, cukobn ta dks aqufvnckbn n dks mrkckskbn, sfo trktkr ba
ck`lfkr okbk, ta dkhn sklar qua tnbn astë lfao, focjusn cukobn on rfobas cn`n
asparklks. V, kuoqua on pkrazck jóhfcn, sf ta sfaotas lfao cnotfhn `fs`n cukobn
mrkcksks, pnbrës javkotkrta a fotaotkrjn ba ouavn.
Jk `kynràk ba jks parsnoks on ons bk`ns cuaotk ba ajjn. Onr`kj`aota, cukobn
kjhufao mrkcksk, jn cujpk`ns. N trktk`ns ba aosaûkrja kjhn, ba dkcarja saotfr `ainr.
Jn qua, pkrkbóifck`aota, ja dkca saotfr panr. Rk`lfæo focftk uok kctftub bamaosfvk,
cn`n uo kctn ba kutncnosarvkcfóo. (Sf on astny lfao baspuæs ba uo mrkcksn, `a jks
krrahjkræ pkrk axpjfcër`ajn ba tkj mnr`k qua on sak `f mrkcksn.)
Ouastrks
Ou astrks fotao
fotaocfnoas
cfnoas ssno
no luao
luaoks.
ks. [u
[uara`
ara`ns
ns qu
quaa ask parsnok ssaa sfaot
sfaotkk `ainr, qua
on rapftk sus arrnras. [uara`ns prntahar ouastrns aqufpns y nrhkofzkcfnoas. Warn aj
kpraobfzkia ‒pnbar avftkr mrkcksns muturns‒ snjn jjahk cukobn puabao saotfrsa
`ainr cnosfhn `fs`ns baspuæs ba mrkckskr. V asta saotf`faotn jn nltfaoao cno jk
a`pktàk.
Wnr suarta, axpraskr a`pktàk as lkstkota saocfjjn. Cukobn kjhufao cn`ata uo arrnr
n sa basckrrf
basckrrfjk,
jk, ssnjn
njn tfaoas qua ascucd
ascucdkrja.
krja. On ja fo
f otarru
tarru`
`pks, on ja bas cnosains, on
ja bfhks qua tnbn sa krrahjkrë. V on ta`ks quabkrta ao sfjaocfn. Jf`àtkta k ascucdkr.
V juahn, baspuæs ba uo rktn, ramjaxfnok snlra jn qua dk bfcdn, snlra jn quæ sfaotas
qua sfaota. Asn as tnbn.
Da bfcdn qua ark saocfjjn, on mëcfj. As bfmàcfj snjk`aota ascucdkr y cn`praobar.
As bfmàcfj on bkr cnosains n snjucfno
snjucfnokr
kr prnlj
prnlja`
a`ks.
ks. As bfmàcfj
bfmàcfj,, parn `araca jk paok.
Kj ckln ba uo rktn, Bkok sa javkotó, caok`ns iuotns y juahn sa mua k `frkr jk taja.
Astëlk`ns cdkrjkobn ao aj cn`abnr cukobn jk ofûk vfon k bacfrons luaoks oncdas.
«¾Có`n ta aocuaotrks>µ, prahuotæ.
«Qo pncn `ainrµ, cnotastó, «kuoqua kùo uo pncn trfsta.µ
Cksf ja
j a bfi
bfiaa qua oonn sa prancupkrk, qu
quaa tnbn sa fflk
lk k kr
krrahjkr,
rahjkr, qua sa saot
saotfrà
fràkk `ainr
`ainr
pnr jk `kûko
kûkok,k, qu
quaa sfa`
sfa`pra
pra dklràk ntrk cn`patfcfóo
cn`patfcfóo y qua taoàk `u `ucdn
cdn tfa`pn
tfa`pn pkrk
aotraokrsa.
Cksf.
«Jn cn`praobnµ, rapjfquæ. «As trfsta.µ

Ouastrks luaoks fotaocfnoas pkrk qua jns ba`ës sa sfaotko `ainr on suajao muocfnokr. As `ainr
a`pktfzkr pnrqua trkos`fta cnomfkozk, y jks parsnoks ons saotf`ns `ës sahurks ‒y raobf`ns `ainr
‒ cukobn
cukobn ccnom
nomàko
àko ao ons
onsntrns
ntrns..

....
 <6

On sa trktk baj cdk`pù

Ascucdk jn qua on sa bfca

Wkrk sar iustn, baln bacfr qua ao kquaj `n`aotn astklk `uy klsnrtn ascrflfaobn u
krtàcujn ao `f baspkcdn. Cukobn `f `uiar `a jjk`ó, on quaràk qua `a
fotarru`pfarko.
Ons àlk`
àlk`nsns mu
muark
ark aj mfo ba sa`
sa`ko
kokk y Ajakonr quaràk
quaràk qu
quaa ja ky
kyuubkrk k dkcar jks
`kjatks. Hrftó basba aj bnr`ftnrfn, kjzkobn jn lkstkota jk vnz cn`n pkrk qua yn
pubfark
pu bfark nàr
nàrjk.
jk. Vn hrftæ
hrftæ ba vu
vuajtk
ajtk bfcfaobn ququaa astklk k tnpa
tnpa ba trklkin.
Ajjk rapjfcó9 «¾Wnbràks cn`n `àof`n ncupkrta baj cdk`pù>µ
Kquajjn `a pkracfó rfbàcujn. ¾[uaràk qua `a javkotkrk ba jk sfjjk, muark kj lkûn,
cnhfark aj cdk`pù y jn `atfark ao jk `kjatk> Ajjk yk astklk ao aj bnr`ftnrfn. Snjn
oacasftklk bfaz sahuobns pkrk dkcarjn.
«@frkµ, hrftæ, «¾on puabas `atar tù aj cdk`pù ao jk `kjatk> On as pkrk tkotn.µ
«Cjkrnµ, bfin, y tko prnotn cn`n nà aj tnon ba su vnz supa qua dklàk cn`atfbn u
arrnr ckpftkj. On dklàk cn`praobfbn ao klsnjutn jn qua `a pabàk. Waosæ qua sa
trktklk ba `atar aj cdk`pù ao jk `kjatk, parn on, on ark asn.
Lfaovaofbn kj pkàs ba jk cn`uofckcfóo tnrpa, ba jns `kjaotaobfbns y ba jks
bfscusfnoas foùtfjas qua prnvnck aj on prastkr sumfcfaota ktaocfóo.
Ao uo prf`ar ofvaj, jk patfcfóo ba Ajakonr ark qua `atfark aj cdk`pù ao jk `kjatk.
Warn ao asn tk`lfæo `a aqufvnquæ. Ajjk paosklk qua yn tnbkvàk on dklàk prapkrkbn
`f oacasar y `a astklk pfbfaobn qua, cukobn jn dfcfark, pusfark aj cdk`pù ao uok
lntajjk paquaûk
paquaûk pkrk usn mmk` k`fjf
fjfkr9
kr9 uo
uokk patfcfóo rkzno
rkznoklja.
klja.
Ao uo sahuobn ofvaj, jk patfcfóo ba Ajakonr on taoàk okbk qua var cno aj cdk`pù.
Raoàk qua var cno aj dacdn ba qua sfa`pra as jk aockrhkbk ba dkcar jks `kjatks pkrk
tnbk jk mk`fjfk, y astklk dkrtk. @a pfbfó jn baj cdk`pù pnrqua oacasftklk saotfr qua
on jn astklk dkcfaobn tnbn ajjk snjk. Wkrk saotfr qua astëlk`ns iuotns ao astn. A
cfartk mnr`k, ark `uy haoarnsn pnr su pkrta pabfr`a qua ùofck`aota `a ncupkrk baj
cdk`pù. @a pnbàk dklar pabfbn qua cnhfark tnbk jk rnpk ba jns ofûns, parn on jn
dfzn. Ark cnoscfaota ba qua yn taoàk `ucdn trklkin. V yn on vkjnræ asn.
 Wnr ùjtf`n, ao uo ofvaj `ës prnmuobn uo ofvaj kj qua on sa puaba jjahkr sf sa

cnovarsk k hrftns aotra bns dklftkcfnoas‒, kcklæ bëobn`a cuaotk ba qua jk patfcfó
ba Ajakonr taoàk qua var cno uok cuastfóo `ës parturlkbnrk9 ¾pkrk astn, sa prahuotó
`faotrks dkcàk jks `kjatks, `a da jfcaocfkbn ao Wrfocatno> Sar jk aockrhkbk ba jks
`kjatks raprasaotklk, ao kquaj `n`aotn, aj mrkcksn ba jk aqufbkb, ba jns baracdns
ba jks `uiaras y sus
sus pr
prnpfks
npfks bacf
bacfsfnoas
sfnoas raspactn k ssuu ttrklkin
rklkin y jk mk`
mk`fjf
fjfk.
k.
Rnbn astn astklk f`pjàcftn baosk`aota ao su patfcfóo. Warn yn on prastæ ktaocfóo
pnrqua astklk `atfbn
`atfbn ao ``ff kr
krtàcu
tàcujn.
jn. ¾[
¾[uufæo ba jns bns taotaoàk
àk rk
rkzzóo>
óo> Ao uuook sf
sftu
tukcfó
kcfó
ksà, bk fhukj qufæo taohk rkzóo. Snjn f`pnrtk có`n ons cn`uofck`ns, có`n ons
aotaoba`ns y cnjklnrk`ns.
On as rkrn pkskr pnr kjtn jn qu quaa sa bfca aot
aotra
ra jàoaks. As dkldklftu
ftukj,
kj, ba dacdn.
acdn. Ons
dko aosaûkbn k axpraskr ba mnr`k cjkrk y rkcfnokj ouastrks oacasfbkbas, basans,
patfcfnoas y axpact
axpactktfvks.
ktfvks. V ons dko aosaûkbn k ascucdkr
ascucdkr ktaotk`
ktaotk`aot
aota.
a. Warn ¾kcksn
snja`ns dkcarjn> V, cukobn on jn dkca`ns y aotnocas on aotaoba`ns jn qua aj ntrn
qufara
qu fara bacfr, ¾qu
¾qufæo
fæo bala dkcar aj prf`ar
prf`ar `nvf`faot
`nvf`faotnn pkrk kcjkrkr jks cnsks>
Aj prf`arn qua sa bæ cuaotk.
V asta as aj varbkbarn ratn. As bfmàcfj ascucdkr jn qua bfca kjhufao y cn`praobar
jk oacasfbkb rakj qua sa ascnoba batrës ba jks pkjklrks. ¾Có`n skla`ns qua dky
kjhn `ës prnmuobn a f`pnrtkota batrës ba jks pkjklrks>
Jk pfstk qua yn tuva, kba`ës ba qua `a snlraskjtkrk aj tnon, muarno jks pkjklrks
cn`n `àof`n. Wnbràk «có`n `àof`nµ ncupkr`a baj cdk`pù. Axfsta uo `ktfz, uok
saûkj ba qua kjhn on vk lfao.
Ksà qua ¾quæ balaràks dkcar> On ja crftfquas pnr on dkljkr cno cjkrfbkb. On ja
kcusas ba on sar rkznoklja. V on cn`atks aj arrnr ba bacfrja jn qua rakj`aota qufara
bacfr. Sno tfrns qua skjbrëo pnr jk cujktk. Focjusn sf craas qua sklas jn qua qufara
bacfr, jn `ainr as dkcar uok prahuotk.
Cukobn aotaobà qua pksklk kjhn, muf k dkljkr cno Ajakonr. Baspuæs ba
bfscujpkr`a, ja prahuotæ sf sa saotàk snjk dkcfaobn tnbns jns prapkrktfvns pkrk frons
aj mfo ba sa`kok. @a raspnobfó qua sà. V qua nbfklk ask saoskcfóo. Ja bfia qua jn
cn`praobàk y qua jn vkjnrklk. V juahn muf k lusckr aj cdk`pù.
Cukobn kjhufao snjfcftk, pfba n racjk`k kjhn, y jk mnr`k ba axpraskrjn as
focndaraota, on rakccfnoas pracfpftkbk`aota. Cëj`kta. Wrahùotkta quæ ncurra.
Wrahuotk k jk ntrk parsnok. V sf jn qua pfba as mëcfj ba dkcar, cnosfbærkjn, y dkzjn.
As bfmàcfj trklkikr astracdk`aota cno jns ba`ës uo bàk sà y uo bàk tk`lfæo. Jn `fs`n

ncurra
cujturkscno aj `ktrf`nofn.
y cn`uofbkbas, as V ao ajuocksn
cn`n ba jns trklkikbnras
`ktrf`nofn fotarcujturkjkkbfstkocfk
bfstkocfk.ba bfmaraotas
On as uo
uokk tkrak mëcfj, parn
par n kyu
kyubk
bk k sar `ës tnjarko
tnjarkota
ta cno jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës. Nt
Ntórhkjas
órhkjas aj
laoamfcfn
laoamfcfn ba jk bubk.
bubk. «Sæ k`
k`kljaµ,
kljaµ, bfca aj prnvarlfn, «pu
«puas
as ckbk parsnok qu
quaa

aocuaotrks astë jflrkobn uok burk lktkjjk.µ Jn luaon ba astk parspactfvk, ba astk
cn`pksfóo, as qua on snjn dkca qua jk vfbk ba jns ba`ës sak `ainr. Rk`lfæo dkca
qua tu vfbk sak `ainr.

Sf kjhufao pfba,
cndaraota‒, snjfcftk n bfca
on rakccfnoas kjhn qua pkraca
pracfpftkbk`aota focndaraota
y cnocæbaja ‒snlra ba
aj laoamfcfn tnbn
jk sfbubk.
ask parsnok suaja sar
As `uy prnlklja
qua dkyk kjhn `ës prnmuobn qua on astë bfcfaobn.
 37

Aj `ainr cu`pjak
cu`pjakûns
ûns
ba `f vfbk
Dkz aj rahkjn
baj racnoncf`faotn

Kuoquaa yk dko pkskbn kjhuo

Kuoqu kjhuonsns kûns, tnbkvàk racuarbn cuko
cukobn
bn cu`pjà
cu`pjà cukraot
cukraotkk y tras.
Jns cukraotk y tras on `krcko bæckbk kjhuok. On as uon ba asns cu`pjakûns qua
sa cajalrko k jn hrkoba, y aj `àn on mua uok axcapcfóo. Okbfa `a prapkró uok
`khoàmfck mfastk snrprask. Caoæ pnr sapkrkbn cno kjhuons k`fhns y mk`fjfkras.
\acflà bns rahkjns.
V, sfo a`lkrhn, asa cu`pjakûns sa `a dk quabkbn hrklkbn. \acuarbn saotfr`a
tko vkjnrkbn, y raspatkbn, tko quarfbn… Wnrqua ao asta pkrtfcujkr kofvarskrfn sf
ofohuok f`pnrtkocfk, kba`ës ba jns bns rahkjns, racflà ntrks cnsks9 rahkjns qua on
cuastko okbk,
okbk, parn qua, ba dacdn, sno rak rakj`ao
j`aota
ta hrkobas.
V `a bfn qua paoskr. ¾Wnr quæ bk`ns rahkjns>
Ao prfocfpfn, bk`ns rahkjns pnrqua sa supnoa qua taoa`ns qua bkrjns. Ao cfartks
ncksfnoas ‒cu`pjakûns, kofvarskrfns, mfastks, Okvfbkbas‒, as jk cnstu`lra. V,
lkin aj kctn ao sà
sà,, dky uuoo prnpósftn ff`
`pnrtko
pnrtkota9
ta9 aj racnoncf`
racnoncf`faot
faotn.
n. Bk`
Bk`ns
ns rahkjns k
jns ba`ës pkrk `nstrkrjas qua astk`ns khrkbacfbns y pnrqua vkjnrk`ns aj pkpaj qua
basa`paûko ao ouastrks vfbks.
Warn tk`lfæo axfsta uo `kjaotaobfbn cn`ùo9 cukotn `ës hrkoba n vkjfnsn as aj
rahkjn, `ës axprask ouastrn racnoncf`faotn. Cnonzcn k aiacutfvns qua dko racflfbn
`uy hao
haoarns
arnsks
ks prf
prf``ks y qu
quaa ssaa ssfaotao
faotao ttntkj`
ntkj`aot
aotaa ffom
omrkvk
rkvkjnr
jnrkbns.
kbns. Jk rrkzóo
kzóo as qua jns
rahkjns on axprasko aj racnoncf`faotn9 jn axprasko jks parsnoks. V cukobn uok
parsnok on
on jn axprask, tk`
tk`pncn
pncn jn ddkcaokcao sus rah
rahkjns.
kjns.
¾Cuëjas muarno jns rahkjns qua racflà y qua tkotn sfhofmfcko pkrk `à> Ajakonr
pfbfó k uo rabucfbn hrupn ba k` k`fhns
fhns ququaa `a ascrflf
ascrflfarko
arko uoks pkjklrks ba
racnoncf`faotn,
kyuba k kcaptkrsa«uo paosk`faotn,
tkj cn`n asµ. uo prnpósftn n uo pna`kµ, jas suhfrfó, «qua ja
Rkj cn`n as . On dky uok mnr`k `ës varbkbark ba racnoncar k jns ba`ës qua
khrkbacarjas qua sako tkj cn`n sno.

Warn cksf ouock jn dkca`ns. Aspacfkj`aota, ao aj cnotaxtn a`praskrfkj, bnoba k

`aoubn jas pabf`ns k jns ba`ës qua ck`lfao y bnoba jns vkjnrk`ns pnr jn qua
puabao
pu abao dkcar pnr onsntrns n pnr jk a` a`prask.
prask. Wfaosk sf on ao jns rftukjas
a`praskrf
a` praskrfkjas
kjas ba mfo ba kûn9 avkjukcfno
avkjukcfnoas
as ba raobf`
raobf`faot
faotnn ba jns a`
a`pjakbns,
pjakbns, jk mfastk
ba Okvfbkb, y k vacas, sf taoa`ns suarta, uok prf`k. Jks avkjukcfnoas ba
raobf`faotn sa supnoa qua balao fbaotfmfckr ouastrns puotns muartas, y jks `ainras
avkjukcfnoas suajao babfckr jk `kynr pkrta ba su tfa`pn k ajjns. Warn on saràk uok
avkjukcfóo sf on sa ncupkrk tk`lfæo ba ouastrks balfjfbkbas, ëraks qua «dky qua
baskrrnjjkrµ, cuastfnoas ao jks qua on bk`ns jk tkjjk. As bacfr, iustn baspuæs ba
kjklkrons, cnocjuyao bfcfaobn qua on sn`ns jn lkstkota luaons.
As dklftukj qua ao jk mfastk ba Okvfbkb aj bfractnr haoarkj u ntrn kjtn aiacutfvn
bfhk uoks pkjklrks ba khrkbacf`faotn pnr aj trklkin qua dko dacdn jns a`pjakbns k
jn jkrhn baj kûn, y qua jas kof`a k qua sfhko asmnrzëobnsa aj sfhufaota kûn. As u
rftukj f`pnrtkota, parn as f`parsnokj, sa babfck k tnbk jk a`prask n k tnbn aj
bapkrtk`aotn. V onr`kj`aota as snlra jn qua da`ns jnhrkbn y on snlra jn qua
sn`ns. Jks parsnoks on sa sfaotao racnoncfbks fobfvfbukj`aota.
V jks prf`ks sno uok cuastfóo a`praskrfkj qua sfrva pkrk vkjnrkrons on pnr jn qua
sn`ns, sfon pnr jn qua da`ns jnhrkbn. Ons jks bko sfo cara`nofk kjhuok y sfo uok
axprasfóo ba racnoncf`faotn cjkrk. ¾Có`n as pnsflja qua jk cnocasfóo ba npcfnoas
snlra kccfnoas ba jk a`prask baiko k jk haota cno jk saoskcfóo ba astkr sfaobn
sulastf`kbk> Sa baiko ao jks sfjjks vkcàks ba jns a`pjakbns pnr jks oncdas. Sf
ofohuok ontk. Sfo ofohuok cnovarskcfóo. Ùofck`aota uo trnzn ba pkpaj ao jk sfjjk.
On ququfarn
farn bacfr qua
qua astns rftu
rftukjas
kjas on sako f`
f`pnrtko
pnrtkotas.
tas. Jks parsnoks trklkik
uotks ao jks a`prasks pkrk jnhrkr nliatfvns, ksà qua tfaoa saotfbn qua jns rftukjas ba
jk nrhkofzkcfóo jas racnonzcko su trklkin y jas focaotfvao pkrk qua jnhrao `ës
nliatfvns ao aj muturn.
Warn `a hustkràk pnoar snlra jk `ask ntrk mnr`k ba `nstrkr racnoncf`faotn k jks
parsnoks qua
qua ons rnbako. Qok mnr`
mnr`kk qu
quaa on cu
cuastk
astk okbk y qu
quaa sfaotk
sfaotk `uy lfao k
qufao jk dkca y k qufao jk racfla9 ao uok ontk ascrftk k `kon, bfjas pnr quæ jns
vkjnrks. On jn qua dkcao pnr tf. On jn qua ta kyubko k jnhrkr. Of sfqufark jn qua
jnhrko ajjns. Snjn pnr quæ jns vkjnrks.
Cukobn jas axpjfcn astk fbak k ntrns, suajao sar raouaotas. «Sf vkjnrn k jns ba`ës
saocfjjk`aota pnr sar ajjns `fs`nsµ, `a bfcao, «aotnocas, ¾quæ jas `ntfvkrë pkrk
sahufr asmnrzëobnsa> ¾Wkrk sahufr cracfaobn>µ
Cnonzcn k uo aiacutfvn qua on ja bfrë k uo a`pjakbn qua jn dkca lfao sf on kûkba
qua qufara qua `ainra. As uo dëlftn sutfj parn bastructfvn, pnrqua prnvnck
bascnomfkozk. As cn`n bkrja uo rahkjn k kjhufao, parn, k jk vaz, kbvartfrja ba qua
puabas
pu abas krralktërsajn sf ao aj mutu
muturn
rn on jn `araca. Cu
Cukob
kobnn jks parsnoks sfaotao
sfaotao astk
bascnomfkozk ‒n sfaotao qua on jks vkjnrko‒, sa asmuarzko `aons. Sa sfaota
fosktfsmacdks y jn cn`pkrtao cno jns ba`ës. Sa bas`ntfvko.
Astk as jk pkrta bajfckbk9 bk`ns uo rahkjn pkrk `nstrkr ouastrn racnoncf`faotn,
parn, sf on jn dkca`
kca`ns
ns ba mnr`
mnr`kk kbacukbk, jk parsnok qua jn racfla sa pupuaba
aba saot
saotfr
fr
fomrkvkjnrkbk. [ufaoas sa aocnotrkrno jks npcfnoas snlra kccfnoas ao jk sfjjk, on sa
sfotfarno khrkbacfbns9 sa sfotfarno aomkbkbns y rasaotfbns.
On pkraca jóhfcn, parn, cukocukotntn `ës vkjnrkbn ta sfaotas sfo tao
taoar
ar jk prasfóo
prasf óo ba
raobfr `ës, `ainr trklkiks. Jk `ntfvkcfóo prnvaobrë `ës ba uo f`pujsn fotarfnr qua
ba uok muarzk axtarfnr. As uok mór`ujk `uy saocfjjk9 sf qufaras qua kjhufao sa sfaotk
vkjnrkbn, vkjórkjn sfo pabfrja okbk k ck`lfn.
Sf astk astrktahfk ta suscftk ascaptfcfs`n ‒tkj vaz ta pkrazck saosfljark, ûnûk‒,
pfaosk ao có`có`nn ta saot
saotfrà
fràks
ks sf racflf
racflfarks
arks ao uok ontk ascrf
ascrftk
tk k `kokonn u
racnoncf`faotn mrkocn, cn`pjatn ba jk haota qua ta rnbak.
Ksà qua jn `ainr as sar haoarnsn cno jns rahkjns qua dkcas pkrk racnoncar k jns
ba`ës, focjusn cno parsnoks cno jks qua bfscrapas. As pnsflja qua on ta husta tnbn
ba ajjns. [ufzë on sfa`pra jas racnonzcks pnr jn qua sno tntkj`aota. Astë lfao. On
as uok avkjukcfóo ba raobf`faotn. On tfaoas qua ramarfrta k tnbns jns kspactns ba uok
parsnok. As uo rah
rahkjn.
kjn. On dky rkzóo pkrk ascktf`
ascktf`kr
kr tu
tuss `uastrks ba racno
r acnoncf`
ncf`faot
faotn9
n9
sno fjf`ftkbks. Jf`àtkta k paoskr quæ vkjnrks ba jns ba`ës y bascràlajn. Bfjas quæ
dky ao ajjns qua ta dkca snoraàr, quæ kb`frks, quæ jns dkca aspacfkjas pkrk tf.
Juahn bkjas jk ontk y khrkbæcajas, fobfvfbukj`aota, qua trklkiao cnotfhn. V, sf ta
bk varhúaozk, bæikjas jk ontk ao jk sfjjk, pnr jk oncda9 on dky rfashn kjhuon ba qua jk
jako y sa sfaotko fomrkvkjnrkbns.
K `à, `a cnovfrtfó uo cu`pjakûns fosfhofmfckota ao aj `ës f`pnrtkota ba `f vfbk.

Cukobn fotaotk`ns `ntfvkr k jns ba`ës `abfkota rahkjns y racn`paosks pnba`ns nltaoar aj
amactn cnotrkrfn, sf jn qua axprask`ns as qua jns vkjnrk`ns pnr jn qua puabao dkcar pnr onsntrns y
jk a`prask. Ao juhkr ba astn, `uastrk racnoncf`faotn k jns ba`ës vkjnrëobnjns pnr qufaoas sno.
Cukotn `ës vkjnrkbns ons saotf`ns sfo taoar jk prasfóo ba raobfr, `ainr raobf`ns.

....
 3;

Qo ksfaotn hrktfs
ba prf`ark cjksa
\acurra k jk haoarnsfbkb
ba jk haota

@f vuajn ba Ouavk Vnre k Wkràs sa dklàk ratrkskbn ‒focjusn cklàk jk pnsflfjfbkb

ba qua jn ckocajkrko‒ y jns pkskiarns, asparkobn ao jk puartk ba a`lkrqua, astklk
`njastns. Jk `kynràk astklko saotkbns ao sfjaocfn, `frkobn ba vaz ao cukobn jk
pkotkjjk
pko tkjjk y `kscujjko
kscujjkobnbn jn qu
quaa sa suaja `kscujjkr cu
cuko
kobn
bn uon astë mru
mrustrkbn
strkbn a
f`pntaota9 «¡Ouock vk`ns k skjfr ba kquà!µ y «¾Ra jn puabas craar>µ
Rk`lfæo dklàk uok pkraik ba mrkocasas, pkrk qufaoas `kscujjkr on ark sumfcfaota.
Jas cnstklk dkljkr fohjæs y jn supa, cn`n aj rastn ba jns pkskiarns, pnrqua astklk
bfscutfaobn ao vnz kjtk cno jk a`pjakbk ba jk puartk ba a`lkrqua. Raoàko kquajjk
kctftub ba «Warn ¾ustab skla qufæo sny yn>µ, k jk qua kûkbàko kquà y kjjë aj «On `a
pfaosn fr dkstk
dkstk qu
quaa `
`aa bæ jn qu
quaa ja pfbnµ.
@a kcarquæ sfhfjnsk`aota pkrk cn`praobar k quæ sa balàk aj kjlnrntn. Sf jn
aotaobàk lfao, astklko aomkbkbns pnrqua taoàko jns lfjjatas, parn on jas dklàk
ksfhokbn ksfaotn, y ta`àko on pnbar vnjkr. Jk a`pjakbk, qufao baspuæs sà qua pubn
ksfhokrjas ksfaotn, sa oahklk k dkcarjn ao kquaj `n`aotn. Jas ksahurklk qua
astkràko ao aj kvfóo cukobn ‒y ao aj cksn ba qua‒ baspahkrk, parn jas bacàk qua jn
prf`arn ark jnhrkr quaqua aj kvfóo racflf
racflfark
ark aj par`
par`fsn
fsn ba baspahu
baspahua,a, y «ao asta
`n`aotn, okbfa tfaoa ksfaotn pnrqua aj kvfóo on vk k ofohuok pkrtaµ.
Duln uo `kjaotaobfbn ao jk trkbuccfóo9 jk pkraik nyó «Qstabas on tfaoao ksfaotn y
on vko k fr k ofohuok pkrtaµ, jn cukj jas dfzn saotfr `ucdn `ës kohustfkbns a
f`pntaotas, cn`n as okturkj. K astk mkjtk ba pnbar rakccfnokrno fotaotkobn aiarcar su
pnbar. Fosfstfarno
Fosfstfarno kjzkobn
kjzkobn tnbkvàk `ës jk vnz bfcfaobn qu qua,
a, ba dacd
acdn,
n, taoàko
taoàko
ksfaotns, parn qua on sa jns dklàko ksfhokbn, qua ark pracfsk`aota jn qua pabàko. K
jn qua jk a`pjakbk raspnobfó, y cftn jftarkj`aota9 «¡On!µ
Saràk lkstkota mëcfj bkr kjhuons cnosains k jk a`pjakbk snlra có`n hastfnokr jk
sftukcfóo ba mnr`k `ës amactfvk. Warn as `ës fotaraskota paoskr ao quæ balaràk dkcar
jk pkraik mrkocask. Wnrqua, sf baik`ns ba jkbn qufæo tfaoa rkzóo, y baik`ns ba jkbn

jk lkrrark ba jk jaohuk, jn qua ons quabk as uok sftukcfóo ao jk qua ons aocnotrk`ns
uok y ntrk vaz9 uok puhok pnr aj pnbar. Jk a`pjakbk taoàk cjkrk`aota aj pnbar k su
mkvnr, pnrqua pnbàk bacfbfr sf jas ksfhoklk uo ksfaotn n on.
K vacas astk puhok as aotra bapkrtk`aotns9 jns ba vaotks qufarao kjhn ba jns ba
`kreatfoh, parn `kreatfoh on sa jn cnocaba, ksà qua jns ba vaotks hrftko `ës kjtn, tkj
vaz uok k`aokzk pkrk jnhrkr kjhùo amactn. Ao ntrks ncksfnoas, jk puhok pnr aj pnbar
as parsnokj9 uo `fa`lrn baj aqufpn qufara kjhn ba ntrn, a fotaotk aiarcar su pnbar
pkrk jnhrkrjn. Dky vacas ao qua qua focju
focjusn
sn mu
muocfno
ocfnok.
k.
Warn jn `ës dklftukj as qua on muocfnoa. Rrktkr ba aiarcar aj pnbar, aspacfkj`aota
cukobn on jn tfaoas, prnvnck rasujtkbns f`prabacfljas, on as pnsftfvn pkrk ofohuok
ba jks pkrtas y as fotf`fbktnrfn. Aj bkûn cnjktarkj qua prnbuca ao jk rajkcfóo as
f`pnrtkota. Bala axfstfr uok astrktahfk `ainr pkrk jnhrkr jn qua qufaras cukobn a
uokk ssftukcfóo
uo ftukcfóo bkbk aaras ras f`
f`pntaot
pntaota.
a.
Wnr suarta, axfsta, y kj basculrfrjk jnhræ qua `a pkskrko hrktuftk`aota k prf`ark
cjksa9 njvàbkta ba jk fjusfóo ba qua tfaoas pnbar kjhuon. As uok fjusfóo qua ta
astnrlk. Cukjqufar parsnok, cukobn sa jn pfbas cno raspatn, astkrë bfspuastk k dkcar
axkctk`aota jn qua racdkzk dkcar cukobn sfaota qua jk prasfnoks.
Rko prnotn cn`n nà k jk a`pjakbk bacfr «¡On!µ, fotarvfoa. @a cnjnquæ aotra ajjk
y jk pkraik a fotarru`pà jk cnovarskcfóo. Raoàk uo kr`k sacratk. Dkljn mrkocæs.
Ja pabà k jk a`pjakbk qua `a par`ftfark dkljkr uo `n`aotn cno jk pkraik pkrk
axpjfckr
axp jfckrjas
jas jn qua ajjajjkk jas astklk bfcfaobn. J Juuahn ``aa bfr
bfrfhà
fhà k jjkk kzkm
kzkmktk
ktk ba tfarrk y ja
trkos`
trko s`ftà
ftà jjnn qua jk pkraik pao
paosklk
sklk qua ajj
ajjkk astklk bf
bfcfaobn.
cfaobn.
Cukobn sa dulfarno ckj`kbn, jk pkraik sa bfscujpó y ja bfiarno k jk a`pjakbk qua
cn`praobàko jn bfmàcfj qua ark hastfnokr aj ratrksn ba uo kvfóo. Sklàko qua ajjk on
taoàk pnr quæ ksfhokrjas uo ksfaotn, parn ja axpjfckrno qua sa saotàko kohustfkbns. Ja
prahuootkrno sf, ao kqu
prahu kquajjk
ajjk sftu
sftukcfóo
kcfóo pkrtfcu
pkrtfcujkr,
jkr, y kuo
kuoqu
quaa sa dkcàko ckrhn ba jn
ncupkbk qua balàk ba astkr pkrk jnhrkr qua aj kvfóo baspahkrk, astkràk bfspuastk k
ksfhokrjas uo ksfaotn. Baspuæs ba uok lrava cnovarskcfóo, jas bfn jks tkriatks ba
a`lkrqua cno ksfaotns ksfhokbns.
K vacas, as ba uok hrko kyubk racurrfr k jk pnbarnsk haoarnsfbkb ba uok parsnok.
Jn fotaraskota as jn sfhufaota9 ao aj `uobn a`praskrfkj k `aoubn pkraca qua aj
pnbar sfa`pra
sfa`pra jn tfaoao
tfaoao ntrns. Ao cukjqu
cukjqufar
far `n`ao
n`aotn,
tn, jns cjfaotas pu
puabao
abao trksj
trksjkbkr
kbkr
sus oahncfns k ntrk pkrta, jns a`pjakbns puabao ck`lfkr ba trklkin y jns
cn`pkûarns pu
cn`pkûarns puabao
abao jf`
jf`ftkrsa
ftkrsa k jnhrkr sus prnpfns nliatfvns.
On f`
f`pnrtk
pnrtk cuëj sak ou ouastrk
astrk pnsfcfóo ba pnbar9 jn `ainr as racurrfr k jk
haoarnsfbkb ba jns ba`ës. Kuoqua jas pkhua`ns uo skjkrfn, as ùtfj cnosfbarkr k

qufaoas ons rnbako cn`n vnjuotkrfns, jn qua sfhofmfck utfjfzkr `ës jks patfcfnoas qua
jks órbaoas, y crakr rajkcfnoas qua sa lksao ao jk cnomfkozk y aj raspatn, `ës qua a
jk iarkrquàk
i arkrquàk y aj pnjftfquan.
Sf vas k bns parsnoks aozkrzkbks ao uok puhok ba pnbar, cnosfbark fotarvaofr. On
pkrk backotkrta
backotkrta dkcfk uon ba jns bns jkbns, sfon pkrk dkcar ba pu puao
aota.
ta. K vacas
oacasftk`ns
oacasftk` ns uo
uokk ffot
otarr
arrupcfóo
upcfóo `
`n`
n`aot
aotëoak
ëoak pkrk
pkr k pn
pnbar
bar var kj ntrn cncn``n uo
uokk par
parsnok
snok y
tnckr su muaota ba haoarnsfbkb. V jn qua suaja ncurrfr as qua astk`ns ba`ksfkbn
klsnrtns ao jk bfscusfóo y sn`ns fockpkcas ba ck`lfkr ba pnsturk. [ua uok tarcark
parsnok pkrtfcfpa puaba
puaba kyu
kyubkr k qua skjhk`
skjhk`ns
ns ba oonsntrns
nsntrns `
`fs`
fs`ns.
ns.
Cukobn jk a`pjakbk `a khrkbacfó jk fotarvaocfóo, paosæ qua ark jk ncksfóo ba
pabfr jn ququaa yn qu
quaràk.
aràk. Ja bfia qu
quaa `a dkcàk majfz kyu
kyubkr,
bkr, y jjuuahn
ahn cnotfo
cnotfouæ9
uæ9 «V
«Vkk sæ
qua bala ba taoar k `ucdks ntrks parsnoks fosktfsmacdks. V of sfqufark sæ sf as
pnsflja,, sahu
pnsflja sahurk`
rk`aoaota
ta vkyk ao cno cnotrk
trk ba jks onr` nr`ks,
ks, parn sf dulfark kjhu kjhuook
pnsflfjfbkb,
pnsflfj fbkb, pnrqua ddky ky uo ksfaotn jflra, ba qu
quaa `a
`a pkskrk k pr
prf` f`ark
ark cjks
cjksa,
a, ja astkràk
rakj`aota khrkbacfbn. Aj vuajn saràk uok axparfaocfk `khoàmfck. Sf dulfark kjhuok
pnsflfj fbkb…µ
pnsflfjfbkb…µ
Luaon, puas rasujtó qua pnr prnlja`ks tæcofcns balfarno ck`lfkrons k uo kvfó
qua taoàk `ës ksfaotns ba prf`ark cjksa. Cukobn a`lkrquæ, `a tnpæ cno uok hrktk
snrprask9 jk a`pjakbk `a ck`lfó jk tkriatk ba a`lkrqua kotfhuk pnr uok ouavk, ao jk
qua `a
`a dklàko ks
ksfho
fhokbn
kbn uo ksfaotn ao… prf
prf`
`ark cjk
cjksa.
sa.

Cukobn fotarkctùas cno kjhufao qua tfaoa `ës pnbar qua tù, on ta aozkrcas ao uok puhok ba pnbar
a sh
shrf
rf`f
`faa ob
obnn a xfha
xfhaocfk
ocfkss y kk`aok
`aokzk
zks.
s. Kj cnotr
cnotrkr
krfn9
fn9 kp
kpaa jk k s u ha
haoarns
oarnsfb
fbkb
kb.. Sf sa jn pfb
pfbaa s cno ras
raspatn,
patn,
cukjqufar parsnok dkrë ba luaok hkok jn qua racdkzk dkcar sf sfaota qua jk prasfnoks.

....
 3<

Wnr quæ on kscaobfarno

k Rf`
On baias ba bacfr
b acfr hrkcfks
hrkcfks

Indo, aj bfractnr haoarkj ba uok a`prask ba vaotks, ja aovfó uo cnrran ajactróofcn k

Rf`, uo a`pjakbn sulkjtaron, pkrk majfcftkrja pnr su pkpaj ao uok rauofóo racfaota.
Rf` on raspnobfó aj cnrran.
Qok sa`kok baspuæs, astklk ao aj baspkcdn ba Indo snjfcftkobn uok pjkzk vkckota
qua ja par`ftfràk kscaobar k uo ckrhn ba bfraccfóo. Aotnocas aj bfractnr haoarkj ja
prahuootó sf dklàk racflfbn
prahu racflf bn aj cnr
cnrran.
ran. Rf` bfin qua sà. ¾Wnr quæ oonn dklàk raspnobfbn>
Cnotastó qua on jn cnosfbaró oacaskrfn.
Warn Rf` astklk aqufvnckbn. Aj cnrran ba Indo `aracàk, cn`n `àof`n, uok
raspuastk ba khrkbacf`faotn.
On jn kscaobfarno ¾Jn baikrno ba jkbn snjn pnrqua on khrkbacfó khrkbacfó jks
majfcftkcfnoas ba Indo> On. Warn ¾jk mkjtk ba raspuastk ba Rf` mua uok ba jks vkrfks
rkznoas qua cnovaocfarno k su bfractnr haoarkj ba qua balàk ascnhar uo ckobfbktn
`ainr> Sfo bubk.
Kotas ba qua kcusas k Indo ba sar trfvfkj n ba`ksfkbn saosflja, kotas ba qua
cnobaoas
cnobao as ssuu bælfj ckpkcfbkb pkrk cnotrkt
cnotrktkr,
kr, ra
ramjax
mjaxfnok
fnok snlra quæ qufara
qufara bacfr bkr jks
j ks
hrkcfks.
Ao uo prf`ar ofvaj, sfhofmfck qua dks racflfbn aj cnrran. Kuoqua `ucdk haota
pfaosk qu
quaa as `ainr on ascrf
ascrflfr
lfr cnrrans ba kh khrkbacf`fao
rkbacf`faotn
tn pnrqua cnotrflu
cnotrfluya
ya k
snlrackrhkr jk lkobaik ba aotrkbk, yn on astny ba kcuarbn. Vn cnotastn tnbns jns
cnrrans pnrqua on qufarn qua aj bastfoktkrfn sa prancupa y sa prahuota9 «¾\acflfó
Watar `f cnrran> ¾V quæ pfaosk ba æj>µ Snjn ons jjavk tras sahuobns raspnobar
«¡Hrkcfks!µ, y cn`pjatk aj fotarck`lfn ba `aoskias.
Warn uo cnrran qua tfaoa cnotaofbn a`ncfnokj ‒cn`n uok majfcftkcfóo‒ `araca
kjhn `ës jkrhn9 uo khrkbacf`faotn lfao pnobarkbn npuastn k uo sf`pja «\acflà t
cnrran, hrkcfksµ. Ao aj prf`ar cksn, astës racnoncfaobn aj asmuarzn ba jk parsnok
qua ta dk ascrftn, vkjnrks su ktaocfóo a fotaocfóo, y ja dkcas sklar qua sus kccfnoas
dko taofbn uo f`pkctn.

As `ës, tnbn astn as rkcfnokj, parn bkr jks hrkcfks as ao hrko pkrta uo kctn
a`ncfnokj. Cnoactk k uok parsnok cno ntrk. Bkr jks hrkcfks on snjn as uok mnr`k ba
vkjnrkr aj asmuarzn, jk ktaocfóo, jks fotaocfnoas n jks kccfnoas ba jns ba`ës.
Rk`lfæo as uok mnr`k ba vkjnrkr k jk parsnok.
]kjnrkr k jks parsnoks as uouokk raspnosklfjf
raspnosklfjfbkb
bkb ckpftkj ‒tkj vaz jk ras
raspno
pnosklfj
sklfjfbkb
fbkb
`ës f`pnrtkota‒ ba uo hrko bfractnr, aspacfkj`aota ba vaotks. Ba dacdn, qufzë sak
axkharkr bacfr «uo hrko bfractnrµ. Wnbràk jf`ftkr`a k bacfr qua as jk dklfjfbkb
f`prascfobflja ba uo luao bfractnr, parn asn saràk n`ftfr jk oacasfbkb y jks
cnosacuao
cno sacuaocfks
cfks ba vkjnr
vkjnrkr
kr k jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës.
Vk jn sæ, sa puaba krhúfr qua astk`ns `uy ncupkbns ao aj trklkin y ao jk vfbk
pkrk `kjhkstkr
kjhkstkr aj tfa`
tfa`pn
pn ao cu`
cu`pjfbns5
pjfbns5 qu
quaa sf Indo as tko saosflja as f`
f`pnsflja
pnsflja qu
quaa
sak uo luao bfractnr haoarkj5 qua dk parbfbn aj cnotkctn cno jk ark bfhftkj, ao jk qua
jns cnrrans sfo raspnobar sno aj pko ba ckbk bàk5 qua jn ùofcn qua f`pnrtk as qua
Rf` dkhk lfao su trklkin5 qua sa pkhk k jk haota pkrk qua cu`pjko cno su cn`atfbn, y
on dky pnr quæ bkrjas jks hrkcfks5 qua bkrja jks hrkcfks kj bfractnr haoarkj pnr u
cnrran k`klja on as `ës qua dkcarja jk pajntk.
Warn on `a pkracao krhu`aotns vëjfbns. Bkr jks hrkcfks on raqufara `ucdn
tfa`pn, raqufara ckrfûn. Indo as uo bfractnr haoarkj axcajaota, y aj parsnokj, jk iuotk
y jns kccfnofstks jn vkjnrko on snjn pnrqua jnhrk uo kjtn àobfca ba cracf`faotn y
uons rasujtkbns snlraskjfaotas. Baikr sfo raspuastk uo cnrran, uo taxtn n uok jjk`kbk
on as uok prëctfck kcaptkbk, sfon qua raprasaotk uok crfsfs cn`uofcktfvk ba jk qua
jks parsnoks sa quaiko k `aoubn. Rf` puaba sar luaon ao cfartns kspactns ba su
trklkin, parn on «astë dkcfaobn lfao su trklkinµ sf on vkjnrk k jks parsnoks qua tfaoa
kjrababnr. V, pnr ùjtf`n, bkr jks hrkcfks on as dkcar jk pajntk9 as uo kctn
aocn`fklja.
Ao uo tfa`pn ao aj qua tnbns astk`ns `uy ncupkbns pnrqua taoa`ns `ucdks
cnsks qua dkcar, as taotkbnr babfckrsa snjn k ascrflfr cnrrans asaocfkjas. Ons
pkraca f`prnbuct
f`prnbuctfvn
fvn `
`kjhkst
kjhkstkr
kr uo `n`
n`ao
aotn
tn pkrk bkr jks hrkcfks.
Warn, ao rakjfbkb, as iustn jn cnotrkrfn. On aovfkr uo cnrran ba khrkbacf`faotn
(yk sak pkrk kdnrrkrons tfa`pn n pkrk avftkr snlrackrhkr k jns ba`ës cno `aoskias)
as cnotrkprnbucaota. Kcklk haoarkobn `ës trklkin pkrk tnbns, aspacfkj`aota pkrk
qufao aovàk aj prf`ar `aoskia, pnrqua quarrë sklar sf jn dko racflfbn y on baikrë ba
aovfkr ntrn cnrran pkrk cnomfr`krjn. Qo cnrran bkobn jks hrkcfks on snjn cnomfr`k jk
racapcfóo ‒kdnrrkobn tfa`pn k tnbns‒, sfon qua ba`uastrk luaok vnjuotkb y
mnrtkjaca jk rajkcfóo, jk dkca `ës sójfbk y avftk qua bahaoara ao uo cnomjfctn qua ons
dkrë `kjhkstkr aoarhàks.

Jks cnosacuaocfks ba on bkr jks hrkcfks sno `ës nlvfks sf prascfobf`ns baj
aja`aotn bfhftkj. ¾Có`n ta saotfràks sf majfcftkrks k kjhufao y asta sa jf`ftkrk k
`krcdkrsa sfo bacfr pkjklrk> Saràk rkrn, ¾on>
Bkr jks hrkcfks ‒sfocark`aota y ba cnrkzóo‒ ons dkca saotfr lfao. On snjn sa
sfaota ksà qufao jks racfla, sfon tk`lfæo qufao jks bk. V astn tk`lfæo mnr`k pkrta ba
ouastrn trklkin. K vacas as bfmàcfj racnrbkr qua batrës ba ckbk `aoskia dky uok
parsnok. K Rf` ja dudulfark
lfark vaofbn lfao racnrbkrj
racnrbkrjn.
n.

Kuoqua pkrazck qua kdnrrk`ns tfa`pn kj on aovfkr uo `aoskia bkobn jks hrkcfks, suaja sar iustn jn
cnotrkrfn. K jks parsnoks ons hustk qua vkjnrao ouastrn asmuarzn y ouastrns `aoskias. Dkcarjn
haoark aj tfpn ba luaok vnjuotkb qua avftkrë muturns cnomjfctns ao jk rajkcfóo. Bkr jks hrkcfks ouock
as parbar aj tfa`pn.

....
 33

On
Wno jà`ftas k jns ba`ës

Fraoa as uok cnjahk axcapcfnokj. As uok kjtk aiacutfvk ba uok cnosujtnràk, sfa`pra
acdk uok `kon cukobn dky `ucdn trklkin, dkca aj trklkin ba qufao astë aomar`n y sa
quabk ao jk nmfcfok dkstk tkrba cukobn as oacaskrfn, jn qua ncurra k `aoubn.
Rk`lfæo as uok jàbar qua pkrtfcfpk ao iuotks y rackubk bfoarn ao sulkstks ba
ckrfbkb. Fotaotk jjahkr k cksk pkrk caokr cno sus dfins y tk`lfæo suaja sahufr
trklkikobn cukobn sa vko k bnr`fr (asn cukobn on tfaoa uok caok ba oahncfns).

Warntkosf lfao.
sfaota ao kjhùo `n`aotn
Ba dacdn, astë puabas dkljkr sfocark`aota cno ajjk, ta bfrë qua on sa
axdkustk.
Fraoa as fockpkz ba bacfr on. V, cn`n on puaba bacfr on, babfck aj pncn tfa`pn
qua tfaoa y su aoarhàk bfaz`kbk k jks prfnrfbkbas ba ntrns, `faotrks baik jks suyks ba
jkbn. Vn tk`lfæo `a da saotfbn ksà. Ba `nbn qua, cno aj tfa`pn, da prnlkbn vkrfks
mnr`ks ba bacfr on.
Da kquà jks ouava astrktahfks qua da cn`pkrtfbn cno Fraoa pkrk qua ja sak `ës
mëcfj bacfr uo on astrktæhfcn y baikr aspkcfn ao su vfbk pkrk uo sà fotaocfnokj.

;. Cnonca tu on.
Fbaotfmfck quæ as f`pnrtkota pkrk tf y jn qua on jn as. Sf on sklas k quæ qufaras
babfckr tu tfa`pn, on sklrës k quæ on qufaras babfckrjn. Kotas ba qua puabks bacfr
on cno sahurfbkb, tfaoas qua taoar cjkrn qua qufaras bacfr on. Aj rastn ba jns pksns
sno jk cnosacuaocfk ba asta.

<. Sæ khrkbacfbn.
On as ao klsnj
klsnjuutn uo fosujt
fosujtnn qu
quaa jns ba`
ba`ës
ës ta pfbko cnsks. Ra pfbao ky
kyuubk pnrqua
cnomàko ao tf, y craao ao tu ckpkcfbkb pkrk kyubkr. Ksà qua bkjas jks hrkcfks pnr
paoskr
pao skr ao tf n pnr dkcarta uok patfcfóo
patfcfóo.. On ta prancupas, astn on bala cnojjavkr
cnojjavkr u

sà.
3. On bfhks on k jk parsnok, sfon k jk patfcfóo.
On astës racdkz
racdkzkob
kobnn k uok parsnok, astës bacjfoko
bacjfokobn
bn uok fovftkcfóo
fovftkcfóo.. As f`
f`pnrtko
pnrtkota
ta

baikr cjkrn asta puotn. Cn`uoàckja aj raspatn qua sfaotas pnr ajjk, tkj vaz focjusn jk
kb`frkcfóo qua sfaotas pnr su trklkin, pnr su pksfóo n pnr su haoarnsfbkb. [ufzë ta
aockotkràk quabkr pkrk kj`nrzkr. On balas mfohfr, kuoqua on ta husta jk parsnok qua
qufara kjhn ba tf. Sar k`klja y ktaotn avftk qua jk parsnok ao cuastfóo sa sfaotk
racdkzkbk.

2. Axpjfck pnr quæ.

Jns batkjjas ba pnr quæ bfcas on on sno f`pnrtkotas, parn as luaon taoar uok rkzóo.
Rkj vaz tfaoas `ucdn trklkin. [ufzë pfaosks qua on aras aj `ës kbacukbn pkrk dkcar
jk tkrak. Sæ sfocarn
s focarn snlra pnr quæ
quæ bfcas on.

1. On ta baia
baiass ffot
otf`fbkr9
f`fbkr9 `uastrk tu batar`
batar`fokcfóo.
fokcfóo.
Kjhuoks parsnoks on sa rfobao mëcfj`aota. As su mnr`k ba kctukr. Warn, sfo focu`pjfr
ofohuok ba jks rahjks kotarfnras, par`àtata sar tko fotrkosfhaota cn`n jn sno ajjks. Ra
hkokrës su raspatn. Sa jn puabas axpjfcftkr9 «Sæ qua on ta rfobas cno mkcfjfbkb, parn
yn tk`pncn.
tk`pncn. Ckbk va vazz bfhn on `
`ainr
ainrµ.
µ.

=. Wrkctfck.
Ascnha kjhuoks sftukcfnoas mëcfjas, ao jks qua on krrfashuas `ucdn, pkrk prkctfckr
có`n bacfr on. Bf on cukobn uo ck`krarn ta nmrazck jns pnstras. Bf on cukobn
qufarko vaobarta kjhn pnr jk ckjja. ]a k uok dklftkcfóo snjn, cfarrk jk puartk y bf on
bfaz vacas ao vnz kjtk. Wkracarë uok tnotaràk, parn as ba hrko kyubk aiarcftkr aj
`ùscujn baj on.

8. Mfik uo on pravaotfvn.
Rnbns
Ao astnscnonca`ns k kjhufao
cksns, as `ainr bacfrqua
on tfaoba k dkcarons
kotas focjusn patfcfnoas
ba qua ta pfbko paskbks y rapatftfvks.
kjhn. Dkzja sklar qua
astës `uy ncupkbn ao uo pkr ba ksuotns y qua astë trktkobn ba rabucfr cukjqufar ntrk
nljfhkcfóo. Sf sa trktk ba tu iama, astkljaca cno cjkrfbkb k quæ balas babfckr t
tfa`pn. Juahn, cukobn ta pfbk kjhn, puabas racnrbkrja jk cnovarskcfóo.

4. Wrapërkta pkrk
pkr k parbar npnrtuo
npnrtuofbkbas.
K kjhuons ons cuastk bacfr on pnrqua ta`a`ns parbar uok npnrtuofbkb. V bacfr on
sfa`pra cn`pnrtk parbar uok npnrtuofbkb. Warn on sa pfarba5 sa skcrfmfck pnr ntrk.
\acuærbkta qua cukobn bfcas on k uok patfcfóo, astës bfcfaobn sà k kjhn qua vkjnrks
`ës. K`
K`lks
lks sno npnr
npnrtu
tuofbkbas.
ofbkbas. Saocfjj
Saocfjjk`
k`aot
aota,
a, aastës
stës ascnhfaobn uok.
6. Ër`kta ba vkjnr.

Sf astës kcnstu
kcns tu`
`lrkbn k bacf
bacfrr sà
sà,, ta cnstkrë bacfr on, snlra tnbn sf qufao ta
ta pfba kjhn
k jhn
on sa rfoba cno mkcfjfbkb. Rkj vaz sfaotks qua on aras uo luao k`fhn, qua ja astës
bacapcfnokobn n qua on cu`pjas jks axpactktfvks. K jn `ainr pfaosks qua dkljkrëo
`kj ba tf. Wuaba qua astn sak aj pracfn qua taohks qua pkhkr pkrk racuparkr tu vfbk.
Oacasftkrës vkjnr pkrk snlrapnoart
s nlrapnoarta. a.

Cukobn Fraoa pusn ao prëctfck astns cnosains, a`pazó k trklkikr `aons y k pkskr
`ës tfa`pn cno sus dfins. Sfhua rfobfaobn ba mnr`k axcapcfnokj y su iama y sus
cn`pkûarns cnomàko ao ajjk.
\aspatko jns jà`ftas qua tfaoa ‒y on pkracao astkr rasaotfbns pnr ajjn‒, parn
tuvn qua njvfbkrsa ba kjhn qua ouock supn qua muark tko f`pnrtkota pkrk ajjk9
cnosfbarkrsa cn`n kjhufao qua pnbàk dkcarjn tnbn. Ja dk cnstkbn saotfrsa tko vkjfnsk
y oacaskrfk cn`n sa saotàk cukobn sfa`pra bacàk sà.
«¾Wramarfrà
«¾Wramarfràks
ks vnjvar k bacfr sà sfa`
s fa`pra>µ,
pra>µ, ja prahu
prahuootæ.
@a raspnobfó cno uo on `uy lfao prkctfckbn.

@ucdks parsnoks raspnoba`ns fostfotfvk`aota cno uo sà. Warn ao uo `uobn qua tn`krë tnbn jn
qu
quaa pua
pua bk ba ons ntrns, ba
bacfr
cfr o
onn cno a jah
jahko
kocfk
cfk as jk `
`ko
koaa rk ba s a hufr s faobn pr
prnbu
nbuctfvn
ctfvn y cnosa rvk
rvkrr
ouastrk cnrburk. @kotæo aj vàocujn cno jk ntrk parsnok bfcfaobn on k jk patfcfóo y sà k jk rajkcfóo.

....
 32

\a`njckobn aj cncda

baj dfin baj vacfon

Dkz prahuotks.
On cnotrkktkquas
cno trkktkquas

Ajakonr y yn vfvf`ns uo tfa`pn ao uo abfmfcfn ba kpkrtk`aotns bastfokbn k

prnmasnras y parsnokj ba jk Qofvarsf fvarsfbkb
bkb ba Wrfocat
Wrfocatno
no.. Jasjfa, uok prnmasnrk ba
acnoó`fcks `uy f`patunsk, ncupklk aj kpkrtk`aotn aocf`k baj ouastrn. Kjtk,
fotajfhaota, batar`fokbk y nlstfokbk, taoàk jk mk`k ba sar khrasfvk. Ouastrk rajkcfó
ark cnrbfkj,
cnrbf kj, parn jn cfartn
cf artn ark qua oons
ns f`pno
f`pnoàk.
àk.
Ckbk kpkrtk`aotn bfspnoàk ba uo kpkrck`faotn aspacàmfcn y, uok oncda, Ajakonr y
yn vnjvf`ns ba var uok pajàcujk ao ùjtf`k sasfóo y ons aocnotrk`ns cno uo cncda
bascnoncfbn ao ouastrk pjkzk. Arko `ës ba jks bnca ba jk oncda, y bkbn qua on
vaàk`ns kj prnpfatkrfn pnr kjjà y on dklàk ntrn juhkr carck bnoba baikr ouastrn cncda
jahkj`aota, jjk`k`ns k jk hrùk. Sa jjavó aj cncda, kpkrck`ns y ons muf`ns k bnr`fr.
K jk `kûkok
`kûkok sfsfhu
hufaota,
faota, nà`ns qua kjkjhu
hufao
fao kpnr
kpnrrakl
raklkk jjkk puartk. Aj
Ajakonr
akonr ‒`u
‒`uyy k su
paskr‒ mua
mua k klrfr.
Ark Jasjfa9 taosk, cno jks `kons carrkbks ao puûns, jk ckrk rnik cn`n uo tn`kta.
Ao cukotn vfn k Ajakonr, basaockbaoó uo tnrraota ba kcuskcfnoas a f`prackcfnoas.
Vn astklk ao aj ntrn jkbn baj kpkrtk`aotn y pnbàk nàrjk cjkrk`aota.
«¾Có`n `a dklæfs pnbfbn dkcar astn>µ, hrftklk. «¡On `a puabn craar qua saëfs
tko rapujsfvns!µ
\asujtó qua aj cncda `fstarfnsn ark aj ba su dfin. «Nbfk Wrfocatnoµ, cnotfouó,
«pnrqua astë jjaon ba haota ahnàstk y `azqufok, y on dklæfs dacdn `ës qua cnomfr`kr
sus praiufcfns.µ
Ajakonr, qua suaja sar ckj`kbk y pnobarkbk, raspnobfó fostfotfvk`aota9 «¾Ons
kcklks ba jjk`kr ahnàstks y `azqufons> As ouastrk pjkzk ba kpkrck`faotn, ¡y æj
kpkrcó kjjà aj cncda! ¡V `a hrftks k `à! ¡Ons as
astës
tës jjjk`ko
jk`kobn
bn ahnàstks y `
`azqu
azqufons!µ
fons!µ
Jk cnosacuaocfk ba astks pkjklrks mua qua Jasjfa sa aomkbó y hrftó kùo `ës. Sa
aozkrzkrno, ckbk uok bamaobfaobn su pnsfcfóo, ckbk vaz `ës kfrkbks y
ktrfocdarëobnsa `ës ao sus prnpfks rkznoas. Jk cnovarskcfóo on dkcàk `ës qua

bahaoarkr, parn ofohuok ba ajjks pnbàk pkrkrjk n ck`lfkrjk ba bfraccfóo. Cukotn `ës
bfscutàko, `ës jains astklko ba jnhrkr uok rasnjucfóo pnsftfvk y ùtfj.
@faotrks ascucdklk basba aj ntrn jkbn ba jk cksk, tuva uo `n`aotn ba ckj`k ‒
kuoqua baln kb`ftfr qua astklk jjaon ba kbraokjfok‒ pkrk paoskr quæ dkcar. @f
f`pujsn ark `atar`a ao jk bfscusfóo, bamaobar ouastrks kccfnoas, hrftkr `ës kjtn sf
ark oacaskrfn y baikr cjkrn qua dklàk`ns kctukbn lfao, pnrqua ark jn qua paosklk.
Warn `a rasfstà k jk taotkcfóo ba dkcarjn. Ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk, quaràk taoar uok luaok
rajkcfóo cno `f vacfok y kctukobn ksà on jn dklràk cnosahufbn.
Ao juhkr
juhkr ba as
astn,
tn, `
`aa pr
prahu
ahuot
otææ quæ quarà
quaràkk Jasjf
Jasjfa.
a.
Jk raspuastk `a pkracfó nlvfk ba fo`abfktn9 bkbn qua astklk hrftkobn, jn qua
quaràk ark qua jk ascucdkrko. Cukobn sfotfark qua cn`praobàk`ns su puotn ba vfstk y
qua astklk `uy aomkbkbk, yn astklk sahurn ba qua sa flk k ckj`kr. Aotnocas
pnbràk`ns
pnbràk` ns dkljkr. Sf qu quaràk
aràk tao
taoar
ar uok cnovarskcfóo
cnovarskcfóo prnbuct
prnbuctfvk
fvk cno Jasjfa,
asjf a, jn
prf`arn ququaa oacasftklk ark qua qua sa rajki
rajkikrk.
krk. Ksà qu qua,
a, `ës qu
quaa bfscut
bfscutfr,
fr, taoàk
taoàk ququaa
ascucdkr.
Warn oacasftklk uok mnr`k ba bkr aj prf`ar pksn. Kjhn qua ba`nstrkrk cjkrk`aota
`f fotaocfóo ba taoar uok cnovarskcfóo ba varbkb cno ajjk. Rk`lfæo taoàk
fotarrnhkotas snlra quæ ark jn qua rakj`aota astklk ncurrfaobn. Wnr jn tkotn, jn
prf`arn qua taoàk
taoàk qu
quaa dkcar ark dkcarja prahuo
prahuotks y trktkr ba cn`
cn`praobar
praobar ba bóo
bóobaba
prnvaoàk tnbn
tnbn kquajjn.
kquajjn.
Wkrk ajjn, arko oacaskrfks prahuotks klfartks, ba axpjnrkcfóo9 qufæo, quæ, cuëobn,
bóoba, có`n, pnr quæ, atc. Wrahuotks qua kcjkrkrko jn qua astklk bfcfaobn y
sfotfaobn, qua `a kyubkrko k var jk sftukcfóo basba su parspactfvk. Balàk
`kot
kotaoar`
aoar`aa kj
kjaikb
aikbnn ba prahuo
prahuotks
tks y ksa
ksavark
varkcfnoas
cfnoas qua on mumuarko
arko sfocarks,
sf ocarks, cn`
cn`n9n9 «On
`a vks k bacfr qua ta craas asn, ¾varbkb>µ Baspuæs ba prahuotkr, `a jf`ftkràk k
ascucdkr y k sahufr aj dfjn ba su krhu`aotkcfóo pkrk ksahurkr`a ba qua aotaobàk ba
varbkb jk sftukcfóo, on cno aj nliatfvn ba `kofpujkrjk, sfon pnrqua rakj`aota quaràk
cn`praobar k Jasjfa.
Cno uo pjko pkrk ckj`krjk, `a kr`æ ba vkjnr. Saotà `f cnrkzóo jktfr `faotrks
ck`foklk dkcfk aj racflfbnr, bnoba ajjk y Ajakonr fotarck`lfklko hrftns.
«Dnjk, Jasj
asjfaµ,
faµ, fotarru`
fotarru`pà,
pà, «van qua astës `uy aom
aomkbkbk.
kbkbk. ¾[
¾[uæ
uæ pksk>
pksk>µµ
@a `fró cn`n uok ouavk vàctf`k snlra jk cukj klkjkozkrsa. «Aomkbkbk of sfqufark
a`pfazk k bascrflfrjn…µ On ark mëcfj saocfjjk`aota khukotkr sus fovactfvks y

ascucdkr, parn as jn qua dfca. V ja prahuotæ cnsks. V ascucdæ uo pncn `ës. On jn

dfca snjn pkrk kpjkckrj
kpjkckrjk,
k, sfon pkrk cn`
cn`praobar
praobar `
`ainr
ainr quæ ark jn
j n qua ja ncurrà
ncurràk.
k.
 Muocfnoó. Kj mfokj `a pkracfó cn`praobar pnr quæ astklk tko aomkbkbk.

Baspuæs ba vkrfns `foutns, bfia9 «K var sf jn aotfaobn lfao9 tu dfin ta vfsftk ba

uvks k lravks y qufaras qua sa jn pksa rakj`aota lfao cukobn astë cnotfhn. V juahn
jks parsnoks qua paosklks qua arko uons luaons vacfons dko jjk`kbn k jk hrùk pkrk
qua sa jjava su cncda. On snjn ta pkraca qua ta da`ns trkfcfnokbn, sfon qua kba`ës
ja da`ns bkbn k tu dfin ntrk rkzóo pkrk qua on vaohk k vfsftkrta. Cn`praobn pnr quæ
astës aomkbkbk. Vn tk`lfæo jn astkràkµ.
«Sà, axkctnµ, rapjfcó uo pncn `ës sukva`aota. V juahn… okbk. Sa quabó ao
sfjaocfn. On taoàk okbk `ës qua bacfr. Dklàk cn`praobfbn jk rkzóo ba pnr quæ dklàk
rakccfnokbn ksà. Jk trkoskccfóo a`ncfnokj sa dklàk cn`pjatkbn. Jk dklàk
ascucdkbn.
Ao asa `n`aotn, duln juhkr ao jk cnovarskcfóo pkrk qua yn ja bfiark qua jn
saotàk`ns y qua, bkbn qua su dfin vaoàk tko pncn, on dklàk`ns racnoncfbn su cncda.
V cn`n on dklàk ontk kjhuok, onsntrns on pnbàk`ns sklar qua ark suyn. V puastn
qua ark `ës ba `abfkoncda (ba`ksfkbn tkrba pkrk fr pfckobn ao jks puartks ba jns
vacfons pkrk var ba qufæo ark aj cncda), tn`k`ns jk `ainr bacfsfóo qua pubf`ns cn
jk fomnr`kcfóo qua taoàk`ns. Kuo ksà, saotàk`ns dklar jjk`kbn k jk hrùk. V
saotàk`ns qua su dfin vfofark k vfsftkrjk tko pncn.
Sa prnbuin uo sfjaocfn. Juahn, pkrk ouastrk snrprask, snorfó.
«Hrkcfksµ, bfin. V pfbfó parbóo pnr qua su dfin dulfark kpkrckbn aj cncda ao
ouastrk pjkzk sfo baikr uok ontk. Rk`lfæo sa bfscujpó pnr hrftkr.
Jk ùofck rkzóo pnr jk qua muf amactfvn ao ask sftukcfóo mua qua tuva tfa`pn pkrk
paoskr.
pao skr. Warn, kuoq
kuoquua cran sfocark`
sfocark`aoaota
ta qu
quaa as asaocfkj ckj`
ckj`krsa
krsa kotas
kotas ba
rakccfnokr, sæ qua as bfmàcfj dkcarjn ao `abfn ba uok pajak. Sf yn, ao juhkr ba
Ajakonr, `a dulfark aocnotrkbn k Jasjfa ao jk puartk dklràk rakccfnokbn focjusn `ës
k jk bamaosfvk qua ajjk. As jk rakccfóo vfscarkj qua on muocfnok9 bamaobarsa, bfscutfr,
hrftkr.
Cukobn sa kpraoba uo krta `krcfkj, sa prkctfck uo `nvf`faotn fomfoftks vacas
dkstk qua sa cnovfarta ao kutn`ëtfcn y puabas utfjfzkrjn cukobn astës ao pajfhrn.
Kquaj bàk `a bf cuaotk ba qua oacasftklk uok tæcofck aqufvkjaota ao jk cnovarskcfóo.
Ksà qua bacfbà dkcar uo ck`lfn. Craæ uo ouavn dëlftn pkrk cukobn `a sfaotn
ktkckbn9 dkh
dkhnn prahuo
prahuotks.
tks.
Sfa`pra qua `a cnhao pnr snrprask y on sæ quæ bacfr, dkhn uok prahuotk. Kuoqua
ask prahuotk sak9 «¾Wuabas bacfr`a kjhn `ës>µ Astn prnvnck qua jk ntrk parsnok
dklja y, ao uok cnovarskcfóo bajfckbk, sfa`pra as ùtfj baikr qua jns ba`ës sa
axprasao prf`arn. Sa vuajvao `ës kccasfljas, tkj vaz ta bfhko kjhn qua ck`lfa t
parspactfvk n, cn`
cn`nn `àof`
àof`n,
n, qu
quaa ta ky
kyub
ubaa k ax
axpraskr
praskr tu parspactfvk pkrk qu
quaa jk
aotfaobko,
aotfaobko, y jas bkrë
bkrëss uo aia`
aia`pjn
pjn ‒ascucdkr‒ qua as `uy pnsfpnsflja
lja qua f`
f`ftao.
ftao.

Kquajjk oncda, vnjvfarno k jjk`kr k jk puartk, y Ajakonr y yn bf`ns uo raspfohn.

«Ra tnckµ, bfin ajjk. Ark Jasjfa ntrk vaz. @a prahuotó sf quaràk`ns pabfr kjhn ba
cn`ar.
Snrpraobfbn pnr asta hastn, raspnobà fostfotfvk`aota9 «¾[uæ dklàks paoskbn>µ

Sfa`pra qua ta cniko pnr snrprask n ta sfaotks ktkckbn, rasfsta jk taotkcfóo ba pnoarta k jk
bamaosfvk. Ao juhkr ba asn, dkz uok prahuotk. As `ucdn `ës prnlklja qua sa ckj`a jk sftukcfóo y on
parbarës tfa`pn bfscutfaobn of kcuskobn k okbfa.

....
 Rarcark pkrta

Nptf`fzkk tus dël

Nptf`fz dëlftns
ftns jklnrkjas
 ....
A o jk prf`ark y ao jk sahuobk pkrta, ta da axpjfckbn qua cuktrn sahuobns as tnbn aj
tfa`pn qua oacasftks pkrk sustftufr jns dëlftns pariubfcfkjas pnr ntrns qua ta
kyubkrëo k cnoactkr cnotfhn y cno jns ba`ës. Kdnrk, aj ratn cnosfsta ao bkr uo pksn
`ës pkrk kprnvacdkr cn`pjatk`aota asta pnbar9 kbnptkr cn`pnrtk`faotns qua ta
kyubkrëo k trklkikr y bfrfhfr ba uok `koark qua ta fospfrkrë k tf `fs`n y k jns ba`ës,
pkrk qua tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo ajjns bao jn `
`ainr
ainr ba sà `fs`
`fs`ns.
ns.
¾\acuarbks qua sa `a fouobó jk cncfok> Baspuæs ba qua Snpdfk, Bkofaj y yn jk
jf`pfërk`ns, kùo taoàk`ns trklkin pnr dkcar. @a saotæ cno jns bns y jas prahuotæ
quæ ons quabklk paobfaot
pa obfaota.
a.
«¾Ons vks k ckstfhkr>µ, prahuotó Snpdfk.
«Onµ, raspnobà. «Cran qua yk sklæfs quæ dfcfstafs `kj y qua on jn vkfs k rapatfr.µ
«Wuas aotnocas
aotnocas on sa tfa
tfaoa
oa qua ddkcar
kcar okbk `
`ësµ,
ësµ, cnocjuy
cnocjuyóó Bkofaj.
«Ba ouavn, onµ, bfia. «¾K qufæo `ës ja puaba kmactkr qua sa dkyk fouobkbn jk
cncfok>µ
Jas jjavó uo pkr ba `foutns, parn cno `f kyubk sa parcktkrno ba qua aj khuk pnbàk
dklarsa mfjtrkbn kj pfsn ba klkin.
«Ksà qua ¾quæ taoa`ns qua dkcar>µ, prahuotæ.

astk«¡Balaràk`ns
onvabkb. lkikr y cn`prnlkrjn!µ, axcjk`ó Bkofaj, cjkrk`aota axcftkbn pnr
«¾V…>µ
«¾V bfscujpkrons>µ, kûkbfó Snpdfk.
Ba `nbn qua lkik`ns jks asckjarks pkrk dkljkr cno jns vacfons y
raspnosklfjfzkrons pnr jk fouobkcfóo (ba dacdn, sà qua sa dklàk mfjtrkbn k s
kpkrtk`aotn). Ons bfscujpk`ns y jas prahuotk`ns sf pnbàk`ns kyubkrjns k krrahjkr
kquaj
kqu aj baskstra. Astklko kh
khrkbacfbns
rkbacfbns y vkjnrkrno ququaa du
dulfærk`n
lfærk`nss lkikbn
lki kbn k bacàrsaj
bacàrsajn.
n.
Ao aj trklkin y cn`n
cn`n jà
jàbaras,
baras, tao
taoa`
a`ns
ns uo
uokk ras
raspno
pnosklfj
sklfjfbkb
fbkb bnlj
bnlja9
a9 jnh
j nhrkr
rkr nliatfvns
batar`fokbns a focaotfvkr parsnoks y aqufpns cno cn`pataocfks bfstfotks. As `ucdn
`ës mëcfj dkcar uok ba astks bns cnsks y njvfbkr jk ntrk9 jnhrkr ouastrns nliatfvns,
parn basaotao
basaotaobarons
barons ba jks parsnoks, n prancupkro
prancupkrons ns pnr jns ba`
ba`ës,
ës, parn on jnhrkr
jn qua oons
ns da`
da`ns
ns pprnpuastn.
rnpuastn.

Cukobn `fs dfins fouobkrno jk cncfok, taoàk jns bns prnpósftns ao `aota9 raskrcfr
aj bkûn a f`pjfckrjns pkrk qua baskrrnjjkrko sus dklfjfbkbas ao aj muturn. \aspfrkr
dnobn y rasfstfr jk taotkcfóo ba hrftkrjas (prf`ark pkrta), cnoactkr cno ajjns y var quæ
oacasftklko (sahuobk pkrta) y juahn f`pjfckrjns pkrk qua sa raspnosklfjfzkrk
(tarcark pkrta) sno jns fohrabfaotas ba uo luao jfbarkzhn.
Ao jk tarcark pkrta kpraobarës có`n avftkr jks rakccfnoas vfscarkjas qua n lfa
f`pfbao qua jks parsnoks dkhko jn qua tfaoao qua dkcar, n lfao snckvko sus
saotf`faotns y jas f`pfbao dkcar okbk. Kpraobarës k suparkr jk taotkcfóo ba dkcar
cnsks qua tfaoao rasujtkbns oahktfvns, y ao juhkr ba astn sklrës `ntfvkr k jks
parsnoks pkrk
pkr k qua ssaa ff`
`pjfquao
pjfquao,, y par
parsfstko,
sfstko, ao kccfnoas qua `
`krckrëo
krckrëo jk bfmarao
bfmaraocfk
cfk
pkrk jnhrkr jns nliatfvns f` f`pnrtko
pnrtkotas.
tas. Kprao
Kpraobarës
barës k cn`
cn`pnrtkrta
pnrtkrta ba `kokoark
ark qua
qua
baikrës aspkcfn pkrk qua jns ba`ës cnjklnrao, ck`lfao y bao jn `ainr ba sà.
Basculrfrës9

• pnr quæ on sa puaba cnot

cnotrkrrast
rkrrastkr
kr jk oahktf
oahktfvf
vfbkb
bkb cno aj luaofs`n,
luaofs`n, y jk
jk astrktahf
astrktahfk pkrk
trkosmnr`kr jks `kjks kctftubas ao luaoks5
• pnr quæ ks
ksu`f
u`frr aj `ærftn
`ærftn pnr jns
jns rasujtkbns
rasujtkbns puaba
puaba sar cnotrkprnbuca
cnotrkprnbucaota,
ota, y pnr quæ ntnrh
ntnrhkr
kr
aj `ærftn k jns ba`ës ta ntnrhk vkjnr5
• pnr quæ ksu`f
ksu`frr jk raspnosklf
raspnosklfjjfbkb pnr aj arrnr
arrnr ba ntrn puaba sar jkjk kccf
kccfóo
óo ba jfbarkzh
jfbarkzhnn
`ës f`pnrtkota qua puabas dkcar5
• pnr quæ jjks
ks parsnoks
parsnoks sa rasf
rasfstao
stao kj ck`lfn,
ck`lfn, parn kcaptko
kcaptko jkjk mnr`k ao ao có`n jn jn
hastfnok`ns, y pnr quæ jk muarzk ba vnjuotkb y jk bfscfpjfok sno astrktahfks ao jks qua on
puabas cnomfkr pkrk uo kjtn raobf`f
raobf`faotn,
aotn, y cno quæ puabas sustftufrjks.
sustftufrjks.
K `abfbk qua jaks jns ckpàtujns ba jk tarcark pkrta, ta saotfrës `ës sahurn ao tu
trklkin y jfbarkzhn, kctukrës ba uok mnr`k qua, rutfokrfk y prabacflja`aota, `ainrkrë
tu raobf`faotn y aj ba jk haota qua ta rnbak pkrk cnosahufr jns rasujtkbns qua
qufaras.
 31

Jfbarkzhn ba pajuquaràk
@kotæo jk ckj`k

@a racnstæ ao jk sfjjk, carræ jns nins y, cksf fo`abfktk`aota, saotà qua `f cuarpn sa
rajkiklk. Qo sahuobn baspuæs, uo cdnrrn ba khuk ckjfaota `a `niklk aj cklajjn
`faotrks uoks `kons muartas y dëlfjas `a dkcàko uo `kskia ao aj cuarn cklajjubn.
Wnr uo `n`aotn, `f astræs baskpkracfó, cn`n sf sa jn dulfark jjavkbn aj khuk.
Wnbàk dklar astkbn ba vkckcfno
vkckcf noas
as ao cukjqu
cukjqufar
far lkjoakrfn axót
axótfcn
fcn baj Ckrfla, par
parnn
astklk ao Ouavk Vnre, ao uo bàk ba trklkin, vfstfaobn trkia y baikobn qua `a

cnrtkrko
jjavkrno kaj uok
pajn.sfjjk
Baspuæs
y Kvf,baj cdk`pù, cno
aj prnpfatkrfn bauo
jk java pkræotasfs
pajuquaràk, `a ba trkoqufjfbkb,
a`pazó k cnrtkr`a
aj
pajn. A`
A`paz
pazk`
k`ns
ns k cd cdkrjkr
krjkr cu
cuko
kobn,
bn, ba rapaot
rapaota,
a, duln uo paquaûn kjlnrntn. Wnr aj
aspain, vf qua Kvf `frklk kjrababnr pkrk sklar quæ pksklk.
Qon ba jns astfjfstks, Ino, dkljklk cno ntrn cn`pkûarn dkcfaobn hrkobas
kspkvfaotns y cjkrk`aota cnotrkrfkbn. Jns ba`ës cjfaotas a`pazkrno k `frkrja, u
pncn fo
f ocó`
có`nbns,
nbns, ssfo
fo sklar `uy lfao qu quææ ncurràk. K
Kvf
vf sa bfscujpó y sa kcarcó k IInono..
Ja susurró uoks pkjklrks y ascucdó. Wncns sahuobns baspuæs, Ino sa dklàk ckj`kbn.
Kvf sa bfspusn k sahufr cnrtëobn`a aj pajn, sa bfscujpó ba ouavn, dfzn uok lrn`k
‒parn on k cnstk ba Ino‒ Ino‒ y sfhu
sfhufó
fó cno su trklkin.
«Kvfµ, ja bfia, «sklas qua taohn qua prahuotërtajn. ¾[uæ dk ncurrfbn>µ
\asujtó qua Ino dklàk taofbn uok bfscusfóo cno uok cjfaotk pnr tajæmnon. Ja dklàk
pabfbn ququaa jk pafokrk aj bàk ba su lnbk, parn ja snrpraobfó cu cuëo
ëotn
tn quaràk cnlrkrja
pnr ajjn, lkstko
lkstkota
ta ``ësës qu
quaa uo sf`pja cnr
cnrta
ta ba pajn. Rrktó ba axpjfckr
axpjfckrjaja qu
quaa balaràk
mkjtkr uo bàk aotarn k jk pajuquaràk y qua balàk cn`paoskrjn pnr ajjn. Kuo ksà, ajjk sa
dklàk aomkbkbn, jn cukj tk`pncn ja saotó lfao k Ino, y ba kdà prnvaoàk aj ikjan.
Warn astn, saotaocfó Kvf, ouock balàk ncurrfr ao su pajuquaràk.
«¾Aj ikjan>µ
«Cukjqufar cnsk qua on sak prnmasfnokj. Sfa`pra astk`ns ao aj puotn ba `frk. As
uo aspkcfn klfartn. Rnbn jn qua dkca`ns astë k jk vfstk. On qufarn qua jns cjfaotas,
jns astfjfstks n jk racapcfnofstk ‒okbfa, ao mfo‒ sa sfaotk focó`nbn.µ
 Mua aotnocas
aotnocas cukobn jn cn`
cn`praobà9
praobà9 tnbns trk
trklkik
lkik`
`ns ao uuok
ok pajuquaràk.

On dkca `u`ucd
cdnn as
astu
tuva
va ao jk skjk ba oah
oahncfkcfóo
ncfkcfóo lursëtfj ba uo lko
lkocn
cn ff`
`pnrtko
pnrtkota.
ta.
Cfaotns ba parsnoks astklko saotkbks uok kj jkbn ba jk ntrk ao mfjks, tnbns k jk vfstk
ba tnbns. Aj iama baj bapkrtk`aotn, uon ba jns bfaz kjtns ckrhns ba kquajjk a`prask
ba `fjas
`fjas ba ``fjj
fjjno
noas
as ba bójkras, trklkiklk ao uuoo baspkcdn
baspkcdn cno pkrabas ba crfs
crfstkj.
tkj. On
dklàk juhkr bnoba ncujtkrsa.
V on snjn ncurra ao juhkras cn`n asta. @ucdns ba jns ouavns abfmfcfns ba jks
a`prasks sa dko cnostrufbn ba `koark qua, basba aj bfractnr haoarkj dkstk aj
racapcfnofstk, sno tnbns vfsfljas. Focjusn ao abfmfcfns `ës kotfhuns tnbns tfaoa
culàcujns n pkrabas ba crfstkj. Asta astfjn krquftactóofcn ramjaik uo astfjn ba
bfraccfóo9 astk`ns barrflkobn jks pkrabas qua ons sapkrko, trktk`ns ba sukvfzkr jk
arkrquàk, sar `ës trkospkraotas. Rk`lfæo ramjaik uo astfjn sncfkj prn`nvfbn pnr
Fo
Fotaroat
taroat cno aj qua sa dkca pùlj
pùljfcn,
fcn, ao mfo
mfo,, pr
prëctfck`ao
ëctfck`aota
ta tnbn.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, on dky juhkr bnoba ncujtkrsa.
Kotas, pnbàks astkr ckj`kbn y sar prnmasfnokj bajkota ba tnbn aj `uobn y juahn
aotrkr ao aj baspkcdn y parbar jns astrflns. Asta baskdnhn foncun on kmactklk k
okbfa. Warn kdnrk qua ouastrns baspkcdns astëo dacdns ba crfstkj ‒n, panr, astëo ao
`abfn ba tnbns jjns
ns ba`
ba`ës‒,
ës‒, parbar jns astrflns
as trflns as parbar prnmasfnokjfbkb. Ou Ouastrns
astrns
cn`pkûarns ons pfarbao jk cnomfkozk y aj raspatn.
Ksà qua cukobn Kvf sa parcktó ba qua Ino astklk parbfaobn jk cn`pnsturk, sklàk
bns cnsks9 ;) tnbn aj `uobn astklk `frkobn k Ino, y <) tnbns sa prahuotklko quæ flk
k dkcar Kvf kj raspactn. Asta pksó jk prualk. @kotuvn jk cn`pnsturk, dkljó k Ino
cno ckrfûn y ja dfzn sklar qua saràk `ainr qua æj, cn`n raspnosklja ba jk
pajuquaràk,
pajuqu aràk, pkctkrk aj pracfn cno jk cjfaotk. Sa cn` cn`prn`
prn`atfó
atfó k dkcarjn baspuæs ba
cnrtkr`aa aj cklajjn.
cnrtkr` cklaj jn.
«Cukobn aras aj raspnoskljaµ, `a bfin, «balas taoar uok luaok kctftub, astkr
rajkikbn, cnotrnjkrta. Kuoqua taohks uok lnjk ao aj astó`khn pnrqua vas qua jks
cnsks on vko cn`n balfarko fr.µ
Kvf pusn ao prëctfck jks ouavks onr`ks prnmasfnokjas ao uo aspkcfn ba trklkin
klfartn. Rnbns taoa`ns uok taobaocfk okturkj k baskdnhkrons, parn ao jns aotnrons
jklnrkjas kctukjas as cksf f`pnsflja baskdnhkrsa sfo bkr uok f`prasfóo oahktfvk k
qufaoas ons rnbako. Sf on puabas cnotrnjkr tus a`ncfnoas, ascrfla uo bfkrfn cno tnbk
jk frk qua qufarks. N vata kj jkvkln y pnota k pktkjakr. N bkta uo pksan.
Warn, ao pùljfcn, cëj`kta. Kpnyk k jns ba`ës. @uastrk qua aras aj jàbar avftkobn
‒y, cuko
‒y, cukobn
bn sak oacaskrf
acaskrfn,
n, hastfno
hastfnokob
kobnn kctfvk`
kctfvk`ao
aota‒
ta‒ cukjqu
cukjqufar
far kjlnrntn qua puabk
bfstrkar, kvarhnozkr n focn`nbkr k jns ba`ës. V, ouock, ouock, prnvnquas tù aj
kjlnrntn.
«¾Sklas>µ, sfhufó Kvf, «jns astfjfstks puabao sar, luaon, uo pncn mrëhfjas y

ta`park`aotkjas. Dky qua trktkrjns cno ckrfûn. Sf on, baiko aj trklkin.µ

Rfaoa rkzó
rkzóo.
o. Warn oonn snjn raspactn k jjns
ns astfjf
astfjfstks,
stks, sfon raspactn k jjks
ks par
parsnoks
snoks ao
haoarkj. Rnbns sn`ns uo pncn mrëhfjas y, ao ncksfnoas, ta`park`aotkjas. K tnbns
ons tfaoao qua trktkr cno ckrfûn. Skjà ba jk pajuquaràk uok dnrk baspuæs ba dklar
aotrkbn, cno uo cnrta ba pajn axcajaota y `ës rajkikbn ba jn qua jn dklàk astkbn

basba dkcàkao
Sf astës tfa`pn. V astn `aaodfzn
uok sftukcfóo bkr`a
jk qua cuaotk
cuastk sarbaprnmasfnokj
uok cnsk `ës.
‒cukobn, pnr kjhuok
rkzóo, astës aomkbkbn, frrftkbn n kohustfkbn‒ y raspfrkr dnobn n lalarta uo vksn ba
khuk on ta ckj`k, bkta uo pksan. Skj ba jk nmfcfok, n ba cukjqufar juhkr ao aj qua
astæs. Juahn, sf tfaoas tfa`pn, bfràhata k jk pajuquaràk ba tu lkrrfn y pfba qua ta
jkvao y cnrtao aj pajn. Skjbrës racn`puastn, rajkikbn y `ucdn `ës prnmasfnokj.

\a s àsta
\as àstata
ta k jk ttaa oba
oba ocfk ok
oktur
turkj
kj b
baa bas kd
kdnhkr
nhkrta
ta a o aajj trk
trklk
lkiin. Sf o
onn puabas
puaba s cnotr
cnotrnjkr
njkr tu
tuss a `ncfno
`ncfnoaa s ,
sf astës aomkbkbn n frrftkbn, `ërcdkta ba asa juhkr. Bala`ns sar bfjfhaotas y bfscfpjfokbns ao
ouastrk mnr`k ba cn`pnrtkrons pnrqua, cn`n bfca Kvf, sfa`pra astk`ns ao aj puotn ba `frk.

....
 3=

Hanrha Xksdfohtno
Hanrha Xksdfohtno
cnotrk jk Supar Lnwj F
Rrktk k jns
jns fobfvfbuns
fobfvfbu ns
fobfvfbukj`aota
fobfvfbukj`a ota

«Sfa`pra `a dko aockotkbn jks astkbàstfcksµ, ascrflfó Bno Stafolarh ao aj

Wdfjkbajpdfk
Wdfjkbajpdf k Foqufrar ;; cukobn axpjfcklk pnr quæ dklàk fovaotkbn aj K`arfcko
Lnwj, uo cnocursn qua cn`pkrklk prasfbaotas astkbnuofbaosas cno Supar Lnwjs
pkrk var qufæo hkoklk.
Aj kûn ao qua sa puljfcó aj krtàcujn, Astkbns Qofbns yk dklàk taofbn cukraotk y
cuktrn prasfbaotas y taoàk juhkr jk cukbrkhæsf`k cukrtk Supar Lnwj. «Ao K`arfck
Lnwj cn`pkrkra`ns uo prasfbaota cno jk Supar Lnwj qua ja cnrraspnobk pnr
où`arnµ, kcjkrklk ao su pëhfok wal. «Ckbk bàk hkokrë uon, y sa kpuotkrë uo puotn.µ
Wnr aia`pjn, aj prf`ar bàk baj cnocursn Hanrha Xksdfohtno sa cn`pkró cno jk
Supar Lnwj F. Hkoó Hanrha. Wrasfbaotas9 ;5 Supar Lnwjs9 7.
«¾[uæ dk sfbn `ainr>µ, sa prahuotk Bno, «¾jks Supar Lnwjs n jns prasfbaotas>
¡Wnr mfo vk`ns k sklarjn!µ
[uæ jncurk, ¾on> [ufarn bacfr, ¾có`n sa puaba cn`pkrkr uok Supar Lnwj cno uo
prasfbao
prasf baota>
ta> On as cn`
cn`nn cn`
cn`pkrkr
pkrkr okrkoiks y `ko
`kozzkoks, sfon okrkoiks y `kobrfj
`kobrfjas.
as.
Wnr supuastn, astk as jk rkzóo ba pnr quæ as bfvartfbn y pnr quæ, sahùo Rda
cnon`fst, as «uok pjkcaotark mnr`k ba parbar aj tfa`pnµ.
Warn `ucdks parsnoks parba`ns dnrks ckbk bàk cn`pkrëobnons cno jns ba`ës.
¾Có`n sa puaba cn`pkrkr ouastrn trklkin> ¾Có`n sa puabao cn`pkrkr ouastrks
a`prasks> ¾Có`n sa cn`pkrko ouastrks cuaotks ba lkocn, ouastrn kspactn, ouastrns
dfins> V on snjn ons cn`pkrk`ns onsntrns cno jns ba`ës, sfon qua tk`lfæo
cn`pkrk`ns k uons cno ntrns, cn`n cukobn cjksfmfck`ns k jns a`pjakbns n
cn`pkrk
cn` pkrk``ns k jjns
ns `fa`lrns ba uo aqufpn.
Warn, sf tnbns jn dkca`ns, ¾rakj`aota cn`pkrkr as uo dëlftn tko `kjn>
Sà, puaba sarjn, pnrqua k) as f`pnsflja dkcarjn lfao, y l) cukobn jn fotaotks, tfaoa
uoks
uoks cnosacuao
cnosacuaocfks
cfks oam
oamkstks.
kstks.

K) ¾Wnr quæ cn`pkrkr as f`pnsflja>

Wfaosk ao jns Iuahns Njà`pfcns ba Fovfaron. Jns asqufkbnras ba jk prualk ba
bascaosn sa cjksfmfcko sahùo uo snjn crftarfn `uy sf`pja9 aj tfa`pn. As uo luao usn
ba jk cjksfmfckcfóo. Jn `fs`n ncurra cno aj ck`panoktn ma`aofon ba dnceay snlra
dfajn9 aj aqufpn qua `krqua `ës hnjas hkok aj pkrtfbn, jn cukj as ntrn luao aia`pjn
ba cjksfmfckcfóo.
Warn ¾y sf cn`pkrk`ns jns asqufkbnras ba bascaosn cno jks iuhkbnrks ba dnceay
snlra dfajn y quara`ns cjksfmfckrjns sahùo su raobf`faotn>
As f`pnsflja, pnr supuastn, pnrqua aj tfpn ba iuahn as bfmaraota. Ksà qua ¾có`n
cjksfmfck`ns k Lfjj, ba cnotklfjfbkb, cno Ikoa, ba vaotks> A focjusn sf dkca`ns jk
cjksfmfckcfóo ao uo `fs`n bapkrtk`aotn, jks tkraks sno jn lkstkota bfmaraotas cn`n
pkrk qua
qua on sa pu puabko
abko cjksf
cjksfmfckr
mfckr jns raobf`
raobf`faot
faotns.
ns. ¾Sa pu
puabao
abao cn`cn`pkrkr
pkrkr jns
asqufkbnras ba bascaosn cno jns ba asjkjno> Sno asqufkbnras, parn jk cn`patfcfó
as fo
f ocn`
cn`pkrklja.
pkrklja. Astk as jk rrkzó
kzóoo pnr jk qua jas bko bns ``abkjjks
abkjjks ba nrn bf
bfmarao
maraotas
tas y
pnr quæ, cksf sf
sfa`
a`pra,
pra, jks hko
hkokoko bfmarao
bfmaraotas
tas asqufkbnras.
asqufkbnras.
Ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk, cn`pkrkr pksk pnr kjtn aj prfocfpfn lësfcn du`kon ba jk
hastfóo baj tkjaotn9 sklar qua ckbk parsnok as ùofck. Jns hrkobas bfractnras
`kxf`fzko aj amactn baj tkjaotn ùofcn ba ckbk parsnok pkrk jnhrkr uo rasujtkbn
pnsftfvn. Cn`praobao
Cn`praobao lfao k ckbk uon ba sus a` a`pjakbns
pjakbns pkrk bkr
bkrjas
jas aj ckr
ckrhhn fbóoan,
aj puastn axkctn, qua kcaotùk jns axcapcfnokjas puotns muartas ba ckbk parsnok y
`ftfhk sus balfjfbkbas parsnokjas. On hkstko aoarhàk cn`pkrkobn k uons cno ntrns.
Caotrko sus asmuarzns ao cn`pkrkr k ckbk parsnok cno jk tkrak pkrtfcujkr qua jas
aockrhko. K `aons qua tnbns dkhko jn `fs`n y axkctk`aota ba jk `fs`k mnr`k ‒jn
cukj as `uy rkrn‒, cn`pkrkrjns as uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn. On, as panr qua parbar aj
tfa`pn,
tfa`pn, as hastfnokr `
`kj.
kj.
L ) Ba kcuarbn, on sa puaba cn`pkrkr,
cn`pkrkr, parn ¾pnr quæ fotaotkr
fotaotkrjn
jn as tko
ariubfcfkj>
Cukobn pnobarn jns puotns muartas baj aqufpn ba uo bfractnr haoarkj, `a mfin, `ës
qua okbk, ao có`n trklkiko iuotns. ¾Jns kjtns aiacutfvns sa raspnosklfjfzko ba jns
prnlja`ks
prnlja` ks hao
aoarkjas
arkjas ba jk a`
a`prask
prask focjusn
focjusn sf on tfao
tfaoao
ao okbk qua var cno sus tkraks
pkrtfcujkras> ¾Astëo bfspuastns k skcrfmfckr aj æxæxftn
ftn ba su bfvfsf
bfvfsfóo
óo n rahfóo pkrk
kpnykr aj æxftn haoarkj ba jk a`prask>

ba Ksà sa jnhrk
trklkin uo luao
ao aqufpn qua rasujtkbn cnobfractnr
dkca qua uo aj trklkin ao æxftn
taohk aqufpn. As pracfsk`aota
k jkrhn aj tfpn
pjkzn, uo trklkin a
aqufpn qua on prn`uava jk cn`pkrkcfóo. ¾Kcksn aspark`ns qua uo a`pjakbn kyuba
k ntrn pkrk qua taohk æxftn sf iustk`aota jn pra`fk`ns cukobn jns ntrns mrkcksko>

Jks parsnoks kpraobao ksu`faobn rfashns, cukobn skjao ba su znok ba cn`nbfbkb

y ksu`ao pkpajas ba`ksfkbn hrkobas pkrk ajjns, cukobn cn`atao arrnras y jns
cnrrfhao. Astn sfhofmfck qua su raobf`faotn lkikrë sf astëo kpraobfaobn. Warn sf
cjksfmfcks k tus a`pjakbns, kcklkrës paokjfzëobnjns pnrqua ksu`ao rfashns. Ao ntrks
pkjklrks,, jn qu
pkjklrks quaa jas bfcas as jn sfhu
sfhufaot
faota9
a9 «Sf qu
qufaras
faras qua
qua ta pkh
pkhuua lfao, baik ba
kpraobarµ. ¾Aspark`ns qua ksu`ko ratns axfhaotas sf jas vk`ns k pkhkr `aons pnr
ajjn>
«Ouock asparæ qua astk jncurk baj K`arfck Lnwj sa prnpkhkrk cn`n uo rahuarn
ba pójvnrkµ, nlsarvó Bno Stafolarh.
Jk cuastfóo as avftkr qua kckla dkcfaobn axpjntkr ouastrk a`prask.

Cn`pkrkr ‒k uon `fs`n cno jns ba`ës, n k jns ntrns aotra ajjns `fs`ns‒ on jjavk k ofohuok
pkrta. Ckbk parsnok tfaoa uok `azcjk ùofck ba dklfjfbkbas, `ntfvkcfnoas, pksfnoas, ckpkcfbkbas,
puotns muartas, balfjfbkbas, uo ckrëctar y uok parsnokjfbkb ùofck. Rrktkr k jns fobfvfbuns

fobfvfbukj`aota `ainrk aj raobf`faotn, jk jakjtkb y jk hrktftub.

....
;; Bno Stafolarh, «Rda Stkta nm Nur Mnntlkjj Fs Strnoh 22 Wrasfbaots, TJF] Hk`as. Noa Strkoha Fbak.µ Rda
Wdfjkbajpdfk
Wdfjkba Foqu frar , 1 ba malrarn ba <7;7, dttp9//krtfcjas.pdfjjy.cn`/<7;7-7<-71/oaws/<1<;;4124^;^prasfbaots-
jpdfk Foqufrar
supar-lnwj-xxvf-lkrce-nlk`k..
supar-lnwj-xxvf-lkrce-nlk`k
 38

[uaikrsa cno quaifcks

Oautrkjfzzk jk oahktfvfbkb
Oautrkjf oahktfvfbkb

«Sa `a astë kcklkobn jk pkcfaocfkµ, `a bfin Bko, aj iama ba vaotks ba uok a`prask
ba sarvfcfns mfokocfarns. «Dky tkotks npnrtuofbkbas ‒jk a`prask astë cracfaobn, aj
trklkin as fotaraskota y jks prf`ks balaràko sar lkstkota haoarnsks asta kûn‒, parn
tnbn jn qua nfhn sno quaiks.µ
Cukobn sa aocnotrklk k sus a`pjakbns ao aj pksfjjn y jas prahuotklk quæ tkj jas
flk, raspnobàko cno uo cn`aotkrfn skrcëstfcn snlra uo cjfaota, n ramuomuûklko pnrqua

tao«¾Có`n
taoàko
àko ``not
notkûks
kûks ba trk
puabn trklkin
lkin.. jk bfoë`fck oahktfvk qua ksuajk k `f aqufpn>µ, `a
ck`lfkr
prahuootó.
prahu
Ja prahuotæ quæ ark jn qua dklàk dacdn kj raspactn. «Kj prfocfpfn, jas raskjtklk
cuëotks npnrtuofbkbas taoàk`ns mraota k onsntrns, y jas rapatàk jk bacjkrkcfóo ba
nliatfvnsµ, `a cnotó. «[uaràk racnrbkrjas cuëj ark ouastrk `atk. ¾V kdnrk>µ, kjzó
jks `kons kj kfra. «Astny fobfhokbn. Snjn qufarn qua sa `ntfvao ba uok `kjbftk vaz.µ
K`lks raspuastks ba Bko sno cn`pjatk`aota okturkjas a fotuftfvks. Wnr bashrkcfk,
tk`lfæo sno tntkj`aota foamfckcas. Wrf`arn, qufsn cnotrkrrastkr jk oahktfvfbkb cn
luaofs`
lu aofs`n.
n. Cn`
Cn`nn on muomuocfnoó, æj `fs`fs`nn sa vnjvfó oah ahktfvn.
ktfvn. Jks bns raspuastks
prnvncko aj `fs`
`fs`nn rasujtkbn9 ` `ës
ës oah
oahktfvfbkb.
ktfvfbkb.
Jk rkzóo as jk sfhufaota9 cnotrkrrastkr jk oahktfvfbkb cno luaofs`n on muocfnok
pnrqua sa aomrao
aomraotko
tko.. K jks parsnoks oonn jas hu
hustk
stk qu
quaa jks cnot
cnotrkbfhko
rkbfhko a`ncfnokj`
a`ncfnokj`aot
aota,
a,
y sf trktks ba cnovaocarjks ba qua on balaràko saotfr tkj n cukj cnsk, snjn jnhrks qua
jn sfaotko cno `ës nlcackcfóo. V sf, cn`n jàbar, fotaotks sar pnsftfvn, as tnbkvàk
panr pnrqua pkraca qua qua astæs mu
muark
ark ba uo
uokk rakjf
rakjfbkb
bkb qua
qua tnbns jns ba`
ba`ës
ës parcflao.
Jk ntrk astrktahfk fostfotfvk ‒cnomrnotkr oahktfvfbkb cno oahktfvfbkb‒ on
cnotrkrrastk, sfon qua su`k. Qok rakccfóo oahktfvk k uok rakccfóo oahktfvk snjn
kûkba `ës jaûk kj muahn. Jk oahktfvfbkb prnvnck oahktfvfbkb.
Ksà qua ¾có`n aomraotkrsa k ajjk>
Basculrà jk raspuastk cukobn cn`atà aj `fs`n arrnr qua Bko. Ajakonr sa quaiklk
ba qua jns ofûns astklko sfa`pra pajaëobnsa. Kj prfocfpfn, trktæ ba cnovaocarjk ba

qua tnbns jns ofûns sa pajako y qua cno jns ouastrns on dklàk pkrk tkotn. Juahn `a
mrustró qua sa quaikrk tkotn y sa jn cn`aotæ. Sa aomkbó. ¾[ufæo on jn dkràk> Warn
juahn dfzn kjhn `uy ùtfj pkrk `à9 `a bfin jn qua oacasftklk.
«On `a qufarn saotfr snjk ao astnµ, cn`aotó. «[ufarn sklar qua `a aotfaobas.
[ufarn qua `a bfhks qua astk`ns ao astn iuotns. V, sf tk`lfæo ta sfaotas mrustrkbn, jn
qufarn sklar.µ
Ba dacdn, tk`lfæo `a saotàk mrustrkbn, parn trktklk ba on sar oahktfvn, jn cukj
dkcàk qua ouastrk fotarkccfóo muark kùo `ës oahktfvk. Baspuæs ba `f cnovarskcfó
cno Ajakonr, `a bf cuaotk ba kjhn snrpraobaota9 on as oacaskrfn ck`lfkr jk
raspuastk. Rfaoas
Rfaoas qua rabfrfhfrjk.
rabfr fhfrjk.
Jn qua Bko dklàk dacdn cno sus a`pjakbns mua raspnobar oahktfvk`aota cnotrk
ajjns («Snjn qufarn qua sa `ntfvao ba uok `kjbftk vazµ) y pnsftfvk`aota cnotrk ajjns
(«…jas raskjtklk cuëotks npnrtuofbkbas taoàk`ns mraota k onsntrnsµ). Warn jk
rakccfóo `ës prnbuctfvk as raspnobar oahktfvk`aota cno ajjns y pnsftfvk`aota cno
ajjns.
Jn qua prnpnohn as uo prncasn ao tras pksns qua ck`lfk jk bfoë`fck oahktfvk ba
jks parsnoks9

;. Cn`praoba có`n
có`n sa sfa
sfaot
otao
ao y racnoócajn.
Astn ta puaba cnstkr pnrqua tkj vaz pfaosas qua astës ramnrzkobn su saoskcfóo ba
oahktfvfbkb. Warn on as cfartn. On kcaptks su oahktfvfbkb of jk iustfmfcks. Snjn jas
`uastrks qua cn`praobas có`n sa sfaotao.

<. Lusck uo puotn ba kcuarbn.

On tfaoas
tfaoas qu
quaa as
astkr
tkr ba kcu
kcuarbn
arbn cno tnbn
tnbn jjnn qua bfcao, parn, sf as pnsflja, ao kjhn sà
qua puabas astkrjn. Sf cn`pkrtas kjhuok ba sus mrustrkcfnoas, dkzjas sklar cuëj.

3. Fbaotfmfck ao quæ sno pnsftfvns y ramuærzkjn.

On qufarn
qufarn bac
bacfr
fr qua trktas ba cnovao
cnovaocarjns
carjns pkrk qua sako pnsftfvns, sfon qu
quaa prastas
ktaocfóo k cukjqufar saotf`faotn pnsftfvn qua `uastrao. V jn `ës prnlklja as qua
`uastrao kjhuon pnrqua on as dklftukj aocnotrkr k parsnoks cn`pjatk`aota
oahktfvks. Sf sno cn`pjatk`aota oahktfvks, aotnocas ksahùrkta ba qua vako qua
kpnyks k ntrns qua sno pnsftfvns. Jk fbak as prastkr uok ktaocfóo pnsftfvk k jns
saotf`faotns pnsftfvns y nmracar uok asparkozk cnocratk, uok asparkozk lkskbk ao jns
saotf`faotns pnsftfvns rakjas qua jks parsnoks yk tfaoao, `ës qua ao saotf`faotns
pnsftfvns qua tù
tù craas qua balaràko taoar.
taoar.
 Ao aj tarcar pksn, rakccfnoks pnsftf vk`aota cno jns ntrns, on cnotrk ajjns. Jas
pnsftfvk`aota
`uastrks qua jns kpnyks. V jas dkcas sklar qua jas racn`paoskrës ‒cno tu kpnyn y

ktaocfóo‒ cukobn bfhko n dkhko kjhn pnsftfvn. Rrkosmnr`ks uok taobaocfk k jk lkik
ao uok taobaocfk kj kjzk. Cukobn dkljæ cno Ajakonr, ja prahuotæ quæ ons dklàk
muocfnokbn ao aj pkskbn pkrk qua jns ofûns iuhkrko sfo pajakrsa. Sa ramfrfó k jk
`kûkok kotarfnr, cukobn cnocaotrk`ns ba `koark prnkctfvk su ktaocfóo ao uo
prnyactnn krtàstfcn. Rk`lfæo
prnyact k`lfæo muo
muocfnoó, bfin, cu
cuko
kobn
bn tn`k`
tn`k`ns
ns k ckbk dfin pnr

sapkrkbn pkrkbadkcar
Ao `aons cfocnuo`foutns,
aiarcfcfnjkn cnovarskcfóo
uo prnyactn. pksó ba uok bfoë`fck oahktfvk k uok
pnsftfvk.
On as mëcfj jjavkr k ckln astns tras pksns pnrqua taoa` taoa`ns
ns qua
qua ao
aomrao
mraotkro
tkrons
ns k
ouastrk taobaocfk kjtk`aota a`ncfnokj ‒k vacas focjusn rkcfnokj‒ k sar oahktfvns
cukobn kjhufao sa quaik. Cukobn dkljæ kj prfocfpfn cno Bko, astklk k puotn ba
baspabfr k kjhuons ba jns `fa`lrns ba su aqufpn. Astn, pnr supuastn, dklràk
ku`aotkbn jk oahktfvfbkb ba jns qua sa quabklko. Ao juhkr ba astn, a`pazó k
ascucdkr y k racnoncar su oahktfvfbkb. Jn qua dkjjó lkin jks quaiks mua `fabn. Jk
a`prask dklàk baspabfbn k vkrfns trklkikbnras y jns qua quabklko astklk
ta`ljkobn. ¾Astklk ao rfashn su puastn ba trklkin>
Bko on pnbàk bacfrj
bacfrjas
as qua on, aspacfkj`
aspacfkj`aot
aotaa baspuæs ba cnosfbarkr aj bas
baspfbn
pfbn ba
kjhuons. Warn jn qua sà dfzn mua ascucdkrjns y bacfrjas qua cn`pkrtàk pkrta ba s
kohustfk. On pnr `fabn k qua muarko k baspabfrjn, sfon pnrqua ja foqufatklk taoar
qua cu`pjfr nliatfvns y ckracar ba parsnoks pkrk dkcarjn. Ao ntrks pkjklrks, mua
oahktfvn cno ajjns (sahuobn pksn).
Juahn raskjtó kjhuons puotns pnsftfvns qua dklàk kbvartfbn ao su aqufpn9 qua
ksu`àko rfashns fotajfhaotas, qua cnjklnrklko `uy lfao ao vaotks cn`pjaiks, qua
dkcàko luao aqufpn cno jns cjfaotas. Rnbn astn cnotrfluàk k qua jk a`prask cracfark
y, pnr jn tkotn, k qua cnosarvkrko sus puastns ba trklkin. As bacfr, mua pnsftfvn cno
ajjns (tarcar pksn).
Kotas, Bko on parbàk of uok npnrtuofbkb pkrk raskjtkr ‒y crftfckr‒ k kjhufao cn
uok kctftub oahktfvk. Baspuæs on parbàk of uok npnrtuofbkb pkrk raskjtkr ‒y ajnhfkr
‒ jns kspactns pnsftfvns ba uo trklkikbnr. V muo muocfnoó.
cfnoó. Kj mfo
mfokj,
kj, jk bfoë`
bfoë`fck
fck ao aj
aqufpn ba vaotks ck`lfó y trklkikrno iuotns pkrk hkokr aj cjfaota `ës f`pnrtkota qua
k`ës dklàk taofbn jk a`prask.
¾V raspactn k `à> Ao ckjfaota, kùo `a mrustrn cno jk mrustrkcfóo ba jns ba`ës.
Warn sahufr astns tras pksns `a dk kyubkbn `ucdn. ¾V taoar uok sncfk qua `a jns
racuarbk> Asn `a kyubk kùo `ës.
Ouock aomraotas tu pnsftfvfs`n k jk oahktfvfbkb ba ntrk parsnok. Sf qufaras qua ntrns ck`lfao ba
kctftub, prf`arn fotaotk astkr ba kcuarbn cno ajjns.

....
 34

qua quftkr
Dklàk qua
jks ruabks ba kpny
kpnynn
Baik qua mrkcksao, n cksf

«Wno`a ba ouavn jks ruabks ba kpnynµ, `a bfin Snpdfk cno uo tnon sarfn, «¡n on
vuajvn k `notkr ao lfcf!µ Dklàk cu`pjfbn cuktrn kûns kquaj bàk y quaràk kpraobar k
`notkr ao lfcf cn`n su dar`kok `kynr. Kdnrk yk on astklk tko sahurk.
Baspuæs ba kof`krjk `ucdn y ba qua yn fosfstfark, astklk bfspuastk k fotaotkrjn.
Kcnrbk`ns qua prkctfckràk qufoca `foutns kj bàk dkstk qua kpraobfark. Bns bàks
baspuæs, astëlk`ns astkockbns. V on as qua on jn fotaotkrk, `ës lfao on pkracàk
ckpkz ba `kotaoar aj aqufjflrfn.
Juahn ckà ao jk cuaotk9 yn ark aj prfocfpkj nlstëcujn. On quaràk qua `f ofûk sa
dfcfark bkûn. V taoàk `fabn ba qua, sf sa ckàk, on qufsfark vnjvar k fotaotkrjn. Ksà
qua, tko prnotn cn`n sa focjfoklk dkcfk uo jkbn ‒kuoqua snjn muark uo pncn‒, yn
jk khkrrklk. As bacfr, Snpdfk sahuàk jjavkobn ruabks ba kpnyn9 yn ark jks ruabks ba
kpnyn. Sf `f fotaocfóo ark qua kpraobfark, taoàk qua `kotaoar`a kj `krhao, jftarkj y
mfhurktfvk`aota. @f pjko on ark qua sa ckyark kj suajn, sfon qua balàk baikr qua sa
basaqufjflrkrk uo pncn `ës pkrk qua pubfark ratn`kr aj cnotrnj pnr ajjk `fs`k.
Wkrk kpraobar k `notkr ao lfcf ‒n, ba dacdn, pkrk kpraobar cukjqufar cnsk‒, on
dky qua dkcarjn lfao. Sa trktk ba dkcarjn `kj y sklar aobarazkrsa. Wkrk kpraobar on
balas `kotaoar aj aqufjflrfn, sfon qua balas racuparkrjn. V on puabas racuparkr aj
aqufjflrfn sf kjhufao, ao prf`ar juhkr, ta f`pfba parbarjn.
Ba `nbn qua `f tkrak ark `ucdn `ës bfmàcfj. Raoàk qua kmfokr `f parcapcfóo. ¾Sa
astklk ascnrkobn dkcfk jk fzqufarbk> ¾Balàk khkrrkrjk kotas ba qua ckyark kj suajn>
¾N snjn sa astklk focjfokobn> ¾Wnbràk hfrkr dkcfk aj ntrn jkbn y aobarazkrsa> Balàk
ckjcujkr
ckj cujkr `u
`uyy lfao aj `n`
n`aot
aotnn ba khkrrkr
khkrrkrjk.
jk.
Kquaj ratn ‒sklar ao quæ `n`aotn khkrrkrjk‒ as aj `fs`n kj qua sa aomraotk
jns bfractnras. As aj aqufjflrfn aotra aj axcasn ba cnotrnj y jk oahjfhaocfk. War`ftfr
aj mrkcksn `faotrks ksahurk`ns jk sahurfbkb ba jns a`pjakbns y jk a`prask.
 Sf uo a`pjakbn kcuba k tf cno uok prasaotkcfóo qua on bk jk tkjjk, ¾quæ dkcas>
¾@ainrkrjk y prasaotkrjk tù `fs`n> ¾Bacfrja quæ as jn qua astë `kj y qua jn

snjucfnoa æj> ¾Baikr qua dkhk jk prasaotkcfóo sfo `nbfmfckrjk y qua sa aomraota k jks
cnosacuaocfks> Rnbks astks npcfnoas sno vëjfbks sahùo jks cfrcuostkocfks.
Ouastrn
Ou astrn trklkin as ckjflrk
ckjflrkrr jks cfrcuo
cfrcuostko
stkocfks
cfks cnrractk`
cnrractk`ao
aota.
ta. ¾C
¾Cuëjas
uëjas sno jns
rfashns y jks cnosacuaocfks baj mrkcksn> ¾]ks iustn ba tfa`pn> Sf mrkcksk, ¾tfrkrë pnr
jk lnrbk su raputkcfóo pkrk sfa`pra> ¾N sarë uok luaok axparfaocfk pkrk kpraobar>

Qok vaz
pkrk avkjukbks
kyubkr
kyubkr jks cfrcuostkocfks,
kj a`pjakbn
a`pjakbn k racuparkrsa,pnba`ns
`
`kot
kotao kbkptkrons,
aoarsa
arsa arhu fbn yck`lfkr
arhufbn sah
sahufr ouastrk rakccfó
ufr pabkjako
pabkjakobn.
bn.
Kbkptkrsa as `ës bfmàcfj ba jn qua pkraca. Sfhofmfck rasfstfrsa k ouastrks
taobaocfks okturkjas n kj `aons cuastfnokrjks. Wnrqua tnbns taoa`ns uok rakccfó
pramaraota
pramarao ta cuko
cukobn
bn on sa cu`
cu`pjao
pjao oouast
uastrks
rks axpactkt
axpactktfvks.
fvks. ¾[u
[uææ dkcas cuko
cukobn
bn dks bkbn
fobfckcfnoas k uo a`pjakbn y on jks sfhua>
Rkj vaz ja bfcas `ës cjkrk`aota quæ as jn qua asparks ba æj y ja pfbas qua jn
vuajvk k fotaotkr. [ufzë ja prahuotas cuëj ark su fbak y có`n pravæ klnrbkr jk
cuastfóo jk próxf`k vaz. N puaba qua ta sfaotas cno æj pkrk dkcarjn iuotns. N k jn
`ainr jn dkcas tù `fs`n. Jk cuastfóo as qua, sf balas ajahfr uok ba astks npcfnoas,
¾có`nn jjnn dkcas>
¾có`
Qok npcfóo as jk sfhufaota9 prahùotkta cuëotn ja cnstkrë racuparkrsa. ¾Astë `uy
carck baj suajn> ¾Sa astë ckyaobn n snjn focjfoëobnsa> ¾[uæ puaba kyubkrja pkrk
racuparkr aj aqufjflrfn> ¾[uæ puabas dkcar pkrk qua taohk jk npnrtuofbkb ba
aobarazkrsa>
Cukobn a`pacæ k aosaûkr k `notkr ao lfcf k Snpdfk, `a fovaotæ tnbn tfpn ba
axcusks pkrk ajjk. Snjn taoàk cuktrn kûns, y su dar`kok taoàk safs cukobn a`pazó k
`notkr ao lfcf. @a prahuotklk sf jk astklk prasfnokobn ba`ksfkbn. @f taobaocfk
oktuurkj ark rrascktkrjk.
okt ascktkrjk.
Warn, kj mfokj, `a bf cuaotk ba qua tnbn astn arko axcusks `àks. Raoàk `fabn ba
qua sa jkstf`krk jks rnbfjjks, n ba snckvkr su cnomfkozk, ksà qua on ja bklk jk
npnrtuofbkb ba mrkckskr, jn qua sfhofmfck, ao rakjfbkb, qua on ja bklk jk npnrtuofbkb
ba taoar æxftn.
Rko prnotn cn`n ck`lfæ `f kctftub cno Snpdfk ‒y asn ncurrfó aj tarcar bàk‒,
kpraobfó k `kotaoar aj aqufjflrfn `faotrks pabkjaklk. Kj bàk sfhufaota, kpraobfó k
mraokr ajjk `fs`k, y uo bàk baspuæs kpraobfó k pnoarsa ao `krcdk ajjk snjk. Kj mfokj
baj saxtn bàk, yk sklàk dkcar uo ncdn cno jk lfcf. V sfo ruabks ba kpnyn.
Ouastrn fostfotn okturkj as f`pabfr aj mrkcksn, parn astn tk`lfæo f`pfba aj kpraobfzkia. Ru tkrak
cn`n jàbar as mnr`kr uo aqufpn fobapaobfaota y ckpkz, jn cukj sfhofmfck kpraobar cuëobn baikr qua
mrkcksao y cuëobn rascktkrjns.

....
 36

¾Jfstn pkrk sar uo jàbar>

Wrn`uava aj æxftn
ba jns ba`ës

Qok ba `fs cjfaotas, Lkrlkrk, as uok tacoójnhk `uy bntkbk ba uok a`prask ba
sarvfcfns mfokocfarns. Bfrfha uo bapkrtk`aotn f`pnrtkota y as su`k`aota raspatkbk.
A`pacæ k trklkikr cno ajjk pnrqua on jk dklàko taofbn ao cuaotk vkrfks vacas cukobn
sus iamas cnosfbarklko jns kspfrkotas k bfractnras aiacutfvns. Ja bfiarno qua ja
mkjtklk kctukr cn`n uo «kjtn aiacutfvnµ.
Cukobn cnovarsæ
aiacutfvnµ, parn sa cno Lkrlkrk,
mfhuró ajjk on sklàk
qua oacasftklk `ësquæ sfhofmfcklk
vfsflfjfbkb kctukr
pkrk quacn`n uo «kjtn
jns ba`ës sa
parcktkrko ba su lu
luao trklkin.
Ksà qua a`pazó k prn`ncfnokrsa. Sa ksahuró ba qua sus cnjahks cnoncfarko sus
prnyactns.
prnyact ns. Jas fom
fomnr`
nr`klk
klk ba tnbn jn ququaa dkcàk. Jas ao
aovfklk
vfklk cnrrans ax
axpjfckobn
pjfckobn sus
æxftns. Baió ba kj`nrzkr ao su baspkcdn pkrk skjfr cno ntrns kjtns ckrhns sfa`pra
qua pnbàk. On as qua muark khrasfvk n axtra`k ao su kctftub, parn bajflarkbk`aota
trktklk ba bastkckrsa k sà `fs`k y k su bapkrtk`aotn.
Jk astrktahfk ark rkznoklja, parn haoarklk aj rasujtkbn npuastn kj qua luscklk.

Sfo sklarjn,vfsflfjfbkb
on luscko astklk a`ftfaobn
pkrk sàjks tàpfcks sfon
`fs`ns, saûkjasquabatrktko
uok prf`arfzk.
ba qua jnsJnsba`ës
kjtns ckrhns
taohk
vfsflfjfbkb. On jk oacasftko pkrk ajjns9 yk jk tfaoao. Sno kjtns ckrhns y tnbn aj
`uobn jn skla.
Qok vaz, ao uo vfkia ao kvfóo, `a tncó uo ksfaotn aotra uo tfpn ao luaok mnr`k qua
cn`àk uok aoskjkbk y ntrn cno uo snlrapasn nstaosflja qua cn`àk uok lkrrftk
bfatætfck Snutd Lakcd. Jk lkrrftk ba ckrk`ajn as uo aia`pjn baj prnlja`k9 aj
dn`lra qua jk cn`àk astklk prapkrkobn su mrkcksn. Sf qufaras astkr ao mnr`k, on
dkhks jn `fs`n qua dkcao jns qua tfaoao snlrapasn. Ao juhkr ba astn, dkz jn qua
dkcao jns qua astëo ao mnr`
mnr`k.
k. Kctùk cn`n
cn`n ssff yk astuvfarks ao mnr`
mnr`kk y cn`a aoskjkbk
aoskjkbk,,
on lkrrftks.
 Aj trucn pkrk sar uo kjtn aiacutfvn as kctukr cn`n sf yk muarks uo kjtn aiacutfvn.
Dkz jn qua jns kjtns aiacutfvns dkcao baspuæs ba sarjn, on jn qua craas qua sa bala

dkcar pkrk jjahkr

jj ahkr k sar uo kjtn aiacutfvn.
aiacutfvn.
Cukobn parcflfó jk bfmaraocfk, Lkrlkrk ck`lfó ba astrktahfk. Aoskjzklk k ntrks
parsnoks, jas racnoncàk jns `ærftns a fot fotao
aotklk
tklk qu
quaa jns kscaobfarko
kscaobfarko.. Rk`
k`lfæo
lfæo
trksjkbó aj caotrn ba fotaræs ba su bapkrtk`aotn k jk a`prask ao haoarkj. Jns kjtns
ckrhns qua trfuomko on prfnrfzko sus bapkrtk`aotns snlra ntrks ëraks9 pfaosko ao jn
`ainr pkrk tnbk jkj k a`prask.
a`prask.
Ao uok ba jks a`prasks cno jks qua trklkin, nlsarvæ qua uo bfractnr ba
nparkcfnoas astklk prasfnokobn pkrk sulfr jns skjkrfns ba su aqufpn cukobn jk
a`prask jns dklàk cnohajkbn. Æj paosklk qua ark uo hrko bamaosnr ba sus
cnjklnrkbnras, parn jn qua parcflfarno sus suparfnras as qua on cn`praobàk jk
parspactfvk haoarkj
aoarkj ba jk a` a`prask.
prask. Jn vfarno cn`cn`nn uo onvktn, focju
focjusn
sn panr9
paoskrno
pao skrno qu
quaa on
on sklàk cnjklnrkr
cnjklnrkr..
Ao ntrk a`prask, aj iama ba uok znok prasfnoó pkrk culrfr sus oacasfbkbas
rahfnokjas, focjusn k cnstk ba jks oacasfbkbas haoarkjas ba jk a`prask. Wnbràk
pkracar rkzno
rkznoklja.
klja. Baspu
Baspuæs
æs ba tnbn, sf on bamfao
bamfaoba
ba ssuu zzno
nok,
k, ¾qu
¾quææ balaràk bamaobar>
bamaobar>
Warn, ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk, mrkcksó. Sf qufaras pkrtfcfpkr ao jks rauofnoas ba kjtk
bfraccfóo, on bamfaobks tu ërak. Balas cn`praobar `ainr qua okbfa tu ërak, parn
bamaobar jk a`prask ao cnoiuotn, focjusn sf bkûk tus fotarasas aspacàmfcns. As jn qua
dkcao jns kjtns ai
aiacu
acutfvns.
tfvns.
Cn`n jàbar, jk `ainr mnr`k ba sarvfr k tus fotarasas as bamaobar jns fotarasas ba
tnbk jk a`prask. Ao juhkr ba paoskr cn`n jk iamk ba uo aqufpn, Lkrlkrk a`pazó k
cnosfbarkrsa raspnosklja ba jk a`prask ao su cnoiuotn.
Ao aj pkskbn dklàk trktkbn ba qua jns `ainras trklkikbnras sa quabkrko ao s
aqufpn, focjusn sf aj puastn sa jas quabklk paquaûn n sf sa klurràko cno su trklkin.
Kdnrk luscklk npnrtuofbkbas ao ntrks ëraks ba jk cn`pkûàk y prn`ncfnoklk k sus
`ainras a`pjakbns pkrk qua sfhufarko cracfaobn. Ao aj pkskbn babfcklk jk `kynr
pkrta baj tfa`pn
tfa`pn k bamao
bamaobar
bar sus npfo
npfofnoas,
fnoas, pnrqu
pnrquaa craàk qua astn ja ddkcàk
kcàk pkracar uok
axpartk. Kdnrk dkcàk `ës prahuotks y sa fotarasklk pnr jns puotns ba vfstk ba jns
ba`ës, jn qua jk dkcàk `ës saosktk y klfartk.
Kctukr cno saosktaz jk cnovartàk ao uok parsnok saosktk. On snjn a`pazó k
pkracarsaa k uo
pkracars uokk kjtk aiacut
aiacutfvk,
fvk, sf
sfoon qua sa cno
cnovfrtfó
vfrtfó ao uuook ba ajjks,
ajj ks, y kûkbfó vkjnr k
jk a`
a`prask.
prask.
Qok vaz, Eurt ]nooahut bfin9 «Sn`ns jn qua sf`ujk`ns sar, ksà qua dky qua
prastkr ktaocfóo
ktaocfóo k jn qu
quaa sf`
sf`uujk`
jk`ns
ns sarµ. Wkrk æj ark uok kbvartao
kbvartaocfk,
cfk, parn sfrva
sfr va
fhukj
fhukj cn`
cn`nn cnosai
cnosain.
n.
 Cukobn vnjvfarno k quabkr puastns vkckotas, Lkrlkrk mua on`lrkbk bfractnrk
aiacutfvk.

Kuoqua puabk pkracarta ùtfj, prn`ncfnokr tus prnpfns æxftns n bamaobar tu aqufpn ba `koark
ba`ksfkbn khrasfvk puaba sar cnotrkprnbucaota. Kpnykr aj æxftn ba jns ba`ës, on snjn aj tuyn n aj
ba tu aaquf
qufpn,
pn, a s uok luaok mmnr`k
nr`k ba kp
kpnykr
nykr ttu
u ææxftn
xftn k jkrhn pjkz
pjkzn.
n.

....
 27

¾Ba qufæo as aj `ærftn

ba uok hrko pajàcujk>
Cn`pkrta jk hjnrfk

Burkota aj Mastfvkj ba Cfoa ba Suobkoca, pksaæ pnr jk ckjja prfocfpkj ba Wkre Cfty,
ao Qtkd, cno `f k`fhk Kjjfsno, uok bfractnrk ba ckstfoh qua pkracàk cnoncar k tnbn
aj `uobn. Ons pkrk`ns pkrk skjubkr k uo kctnr qua astklk bacapcfnokbn pnr jk
racapcfóo qua dklàk taofbn ao aj mastfvkj. «Jns kctnras sno qufaoas rakj`aota dkca
jk pajàcujkµ, `a bfin. «Aj hufóo as ùofck`aota oahrn snlra ljkocn ao jk pëhfok. As aj
kctnr qufao ja fosumjk vfbk.µ
@ës tkrba, ons tnpk`ns cno ntrn k`fhn ba Kjjfsno, uo ascrftnr qua tk`lfæo dklàk
pkrtfcfpkbn ao uok pajàcujk baj mast mastfvkj.
fvkj. Rk` k`lfæo
lfæo astklk bfshu
bfshustkbn,
stkbn, y jk
cnovarskcfóo mua snrpraobaota`aota pkracfbk. «Jk pajàcujk jk crak aj ascrftnrµ,
kmfr`ó. «As qufao fovaotk jk dfstnrfk, aj raspnosklja ba jk pajàcujk.µ On dkljk`ns
cno ofohùo bfractnr kquajjk oncda, parn astny sahurn ba qua sf jn dulfærk`ns dacdn
dklràk`ns nàbn qua jk pkrta `ës f`pnrtkota ba uok pajàcujk as jk vnz craktfvk baj
bfractnr.
Asa pksan tuvn juhkr ao aj Mastfvkj ba Suobkoca, parn pnbàk dklar sfbn pnr aj
pksfjjn
pksfj jn ba cksf cukjqu
cukjqufar
far a`
a`prask
prask ao uuoo bàk onr`onr`kj.
kj.
¾[ufæo as aj raspnosklja ‒qufæo tfaoa `ës `ærftn‒ ba uo prnbuctn n sarvfcfn
qua haoark uons fohrasns f`pnrtkotas> ¾Aj aqufpn qua jn bfsaûó> ¾Jns qua dfcfarn
aj `kreatfoh> ¾Jns qua jn vaobfarno> ¾Jns raprasaotkotas qua trkos`ftfarno jk
cnomfkozk k jns cjfaotas qua jn cn`prkrno> ¾Aj kjtn aiacutfvn qua bfsaûó jk
astrktahfk>
On tnbks jks
j ks parsnoks ao aj aqu
aqufpnfpn sno fhu
fhukj
kj ba vkj
vkjfnsks,
fnsks, ¾varbkb> Wfaosk ao jns
aqufpns ba kjhùo bapnrta9 dky astrajjks, qua cnlrko bacaoks ba `fjjnoas, y ntrns qua,
ao mfo, hkoko
hkoko ` `ucd
ucdnn `ao
`aons.
ns. As jjkk jjay
ay ba jjkk nmar
nmartk
tk y jk ba`
ba`kobk9
kobk9 kj
kjhu
huoks
oks parsnoks
par snoks ssnn
`ës mëcfj`aota raa`pjkzkljas qua ntrks.
Ksà qua, sfhufaobn astk jóhfck, balaràk`ns bacfr qua jns `ainr pkhkbns, jns `ës
vfsfljas, jns `ës fosustftufljas sno jns raspnoskljas baj æxftn baj prnbuctn n aj
sarvfcfn. Sfo a`lkrhn, `fra`ns jk jfstk ba jns on`fokbns kj Nsckr, pnr aia`pjn, jk

ba <7;7.
Jn `ës fotaraskota ba jk jfstk on sno jks on`fokcfnoas k jk @ainr Wajàcujk. Jn `ës
fotaraskota as k quæ ntrks cktahnràks on`fokrno k jks kspfrkotas baj Nsckr k jk @ainr
Wajàcujk. Wnr aia`pjn, Cfsoa oahrn , on`fokbk k @ainr Wajàcujk, tk`lfæo tuvn jks
on`fokcfnoas k @ainr Bfractnr, @ainr Kctrfz Wrfocfpkj, @ainr Mntnhrkmàk y @ainr

@notkia. Aj jucdkbnr
Bfractnr, @ainr @notkia,mua on`fokbk
@ainr Kctnr batk`lfæo
\apkrtn ky tuvn
@ainrbnsHufóo Nrfhfokj,k @ainr
on`fokcfnoas @ainr
Kctrfz ba \apkrtn. Nrfhao tk`lfæo mua on`fokbk k @ainr Hufóo Nrfhfokj, @ainr
Bfraccfóo Krtàstfck, @ainr Mntnhrkmàk, @ainr Lkobk Snonrk, @ainr Abfcfóo ba
Snofbn, @ainr Snofbn y @ainras Amactns Aspacfkjas. Aj bfscurs bfscursn n baj ray nltuvn u
tntkj ba noca hkjkrbnoas. Rrua Hrft tuvn ouava on`fokcfnoas. Jk rab sncfkj , sfata.
V tkj vaz kjhn `ës sfhofmfcktfvn9 ¾cuëotns jkrhn`atrkias on`fokbns k @ainr
Wajàcujk
Wajà cujk on as
astklko
tklko oon`
n`fokbns
fokbns k ofoh
ofohuo
uokk ntr
ntrkk ck
cktah
tahnrà
nràk>
k> Of
Ofoh
ohuo
uon.
n. Ba dacd
dacdn,
n, pkrk
p krk sar
on`fokbn k @ainr Wajàcujk, uo jkrhn`atrkia tfaoa qua sar aj `ainr ao, kj `aons, tras
cktahnràks.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, uok pajàcujk snjn sa cnosfbark `khoàmfck cukobn aj rastn ba jks
cktahnràks sno, fobapaobfaota y cnoiuotk`aota, `khoàmfcks. Ouock pnr aj tkjaotn ba
uok snjk parsnok n aqufpn. Of sfqufark as ao hrko pkrta aj tkjaotn ba uok snjk parsnok
n aqufpn,
aq ufpn, yk sa trkta ba @kre XXkdjlarh,
kdjlarh, Oktkjf
Oktkjfaa Wnr
Wnrt`
t`koko n jn
jnss dar`ko
dar`kons
ns Cnao.
Ao tntkj, jks bfaz `ainras pajàcujks tk`lfæo muarno on`fokbks k cfocn hkjkrbnoas
k jk @ainr Bfraccfóo, ouava kj @ainr Hufóo, qufoca kj @ainr Kctnr n Kctrfz, y k
vafotfùo ntrns hkjkrbnoas. Jns jjk`n jns hkjkrbnoas sacuobkrfns, cn`n aj `notkia, jk
`azcjk ba snofbn, jk mntnhrkmàk y jk bfraccfóo krtàstfck. On as `uy prnlklja qua u
jkrhn`atrkia sak on`fokbn k @ainr Wajàcujk ‒y tnbkvàk as `ës f`prnlklja qua
hkoa‒ sf on as hrkcfks k jk jklnr axcajaota qua dkcao jns aqufpns y jks parsnoks qua
rkrk vaz va`ns y qua cksf okbfa vkjnrk. Sahurk`aota, jk `kynràk ba jns aspactkbnras
on skla`ns of jn qua dkcao.
Onr`kj`
Onr` kj`ao
aota,
ta, as uo arrnr raskjtkr k uo fobfvfbu
fobfvfbun,
n, uo ckrhn n uo aqufpn
aqufpn cn`n
cn`n
raspnosklja baj æxftn ba uok a`prask qua sa sustaotk hrkcfks kj trklkin ba uo hrupn.
Kquajjns cno jns qua dkljæ ao Suobkoca tkj vaz tuvfarko rkzóo pnrqua on jas
racnoncàko su `ærftn sumfcfaota`aota. Warn tk`lfæo astklko aqufvnckbns kj paoskr
quaa snjn ajjns sa jn `aracàko.
qu
Jns `ainras prnbuctnras ‒pnbràk`ns bacfr, jns bfractnras haoarkjas ba jks
pajàcujks‒ cn`praobao
cn`praobao astn. Cd Cdkrjæ
krjæ cno uo prnbuct
prnbuctnr
nr axftnsn
axftnsn y `a bfin ququaa aj
`uobn baj cfoa pnoa lkin jns mncns kj bfractnr pnrqua, basba aj puotn ba vfstk ba jks
rajkcfnoas pùljfcks, as prëctfcn taoar k uok parsnok cnocratk. Cn`n jk `krck ba uok

a`prask. Warn tk`lfæo `a cn`aotó qua pnoar tnbn aj mncn ba ktaocfóo ao snjn u
hrko bfractnr n kctnr on as jk `koark ba dkcar uok hrko pajàcujk. ¾Dklæfs vfstn Rda
Rnurfst> Of sfqufark Indooy Bapp of Kohajfok Injfa puabao skjvkr uok pajàcujk
pæsf`k.
pæsf` k.
Jns `ainras jàbaras sklao qua aj `ærftn pnr cukjqufar jnhrn bala rapkrtfrsa
k`pjfk`aota, y on jn bfcao snjn ba lnqufjjk, sfon qua sklao qua as varbkb. V jn
trkos`ftao cno su prnpfk du`fjbkb. Jk du`fjbkb on as snjn uok kctftub9 as uo bno.
Jks parsnoks `ës amactfvks tfaoao `ucdk cnomfkozk ao sà `fs`ks (sklao qua kûkba
uo vkjnr sfhofmfcktfvn) y sno kba`ës `kofmfastk`aota du`fjbas (racnoncao aj hrk
vkjnr kûkbfbn qua kpnrtko jns ba`ës).
ba`ës).
Kj mfokj ba ouastrn pksan pnr Wkre Cfty, ja prahuotæ k `f k`fhk Kjjfsno sf on ark
ajjk jk parsnok `ës f`pnrtkota ba jk pajàcujk pnrqua, kj mfo y kj ckln, taoàk qua
ascnhar k tnbns kquajjns qua flko k dkcar pnsflja su æxftn.
«Nd, cjkrn, sny f`pnrtkotaµ, `a bfin snorfaobn, y kûkbfó9 «Kj `aons, sny tk
f`pnrtkota
f`pnrtko ta cn`
cn`nn tnbns jns ba`
ba`ës.µ
ës.µ

Cksf sfa`pra as uo arrnr raskjtkr k uo fobfvfbun, uo ckrhn n uo aqufpn aspacàmfcn cn`n raspnosklja
baj æxftn ba uok a`prask ao jk qua cnotrfluya uo hrupn `ucdn `kynr ba parsnoks. Ksahùrkta ba
qua ckbk parsnok fovnjucrkbk sa vak cn`n pkrta baj æxftn.

....
 2;

Aj cdam q
qua
ua on jn aotaobàk
\aspnosklfjàzkta
baj trklkin
ba tus cn`pkûarns

@a kcarquæ k jk lkrrk y pabà uo lkhaj cno skj`óo kdu`kbn y quasn Wdfjkbajpdfk.

Wabà qua jn cnrtkrko pkrk qua dulfark «skj`óo ao k`lks ralkokbks pkrk pnbar
cn`pkrtfrjn cno uo k`fhnµ.
«Ba kcuarbnµ, `a bfin Kobrak, jk ck`krark. Wujsó kjhuons lntnoas ba jk pkotkjjk
baj nrbaokbnr pkrk cn`uofckr ajactróofck`aota aj pabfbn k jk cncfok y `a bfn u
tfqua cno uo où`arn pkrk qua aj ck`krarn qua sarvàk pubfark fbaotfmfckr ouastrk
`ask.
Qons bfaz `foutns baspuæs, Bkvfb, aj ck`krarn, ons trkin aj lkhaj. Astklk
klfartn, parn tnbn aj skj`óo astklk snjn ao uok ralkokbk. Jk ntrk astklk uotkbk ba
quasn.
Luaon, tk`pncn sa flk k kcklkr aj `uobn. Warn aj rastkurkota astklk cksf vkcàn, y
k `à `a pfcó jk curfnsfbkb. «Hrkcfksµ, ja bfia, «parn da pabfbn qua `a pnohk
skj`óo ao jks bns ralkokbks.µ

Bkvfb
Astk sa skj`óo
vaz, aj bfscujpóastklk
y jn snjn
jjavóaobajk ouavn k jkckbk
`ftkb ba cncfok. Qo `foutn baspuæs, vnjvfó.
ralkokbk.
Jk ntrk `ftkb ark quasn. Cn`n sf muark uo sà`lnjn yfo-ykoh ba skj`óo y quasn.
Jn fotaraskota mua jn qua `a cn`aotó Bkvfb. «Vk sæ qua on as astn jn qua
quaràksµ, bfin snorfaobn y uo pncn kvarhnozkbn. «Nlvfk`aota, aj cdam on jn dk
aotaobfbn.µ
Ba ouavn, aj `uobn flk k sahufr bkobn vuajtks. Ja bf jks hrkcfks y tn`æ aj lkhaj.
Warn `a a`pazkrno k kskjtkr prahuotks9 Sf yk jn sklas, ¾pnr quæ on sa jn dks bfcdn
kj cdam> Cukobn ta dk bkbn aj lkh lkhajaj y dks vfstn qua on as jn qua yn quaràk, ¾pnr
quæ on sa jn dks axpjfckbn> ¾N pnr quæ on jn dks dacdn tù `fs`n> V, pnr ùjtf`n,
k qua dks bacfbfbn sarvàr`ajn ba tnbks mnr`ks, ¾pnr quæ ja acdks jk cujpk kj
cdam>
Dky uok raspuastk pkrk tnbks astks prahuotks9 jns bapkrtk`aotns astkocns.

Aj trklkin ba Kobrak ark ascucdkr`a y trkos`ftfr aj pabfbn. Aj trklkin baj cda

ark dkcar aj lkhaj. V, aj ba Bkvfb, trkær`ajn. Ba dacdn, asta ùjtf`n dklàk dacdn su
trklkin k jk parmaccfóo. Aj prnlja`k astrflklk ao qua on ark aj lkhaj qua yn dklàk
pabfbn.
Nlvfk`aota, on as uo prnlja`k pkrtfcujkr ba jns rastkurkotas. As uo prnlja`k kj

quaVons
as aomraotk`
aomraotk`ns
asta9 ns ckbktrklkins
ouastrns bàk. sno cn`pjains a fotarbapaobfaotas, parn ouastrks
`atks, nliatfvns y, jn `ës f`pnrtkota, ouastrk astructurk `aotkj suajao bfvfbfrsa ao
bapkrtk`
bapkr tk`aot
aotns
ns astkocns.
Rnbns taoa`ns uok tkrak qua dkcar ‒vaobar uo sarvfcfn, bfsaûkr uo prnbuctn,
rasnjvar prnlja`ks ba jns cjfaotas‒ y ouastrk `aotkjfbkb as9 sf yn dkhn lfao `f
trklkin y tù dkcas lfao aj tuyn, jnhrkra`ns ouastrns nliatfvns.
Warn pncks vacas muocfnok ksà. Jks parsnoks ba uo bapkrtk`aotn tfaoa
fomnr`kcfóo qua oacasftk ‒parn qua ouock ja bk‒ ntrn bapkrtk`aotn. V, cn`n
`uastrk `f axparfaocfk ao aj rastkurkota, sf dky uo parckoca ao cukjqufar juhkr ba jk
ckbaok, mrkcksko tnbns. ¾[ufæo as aj raspnosklja ba `f lkhaj> ¾Kobrak> ¾Aj cdam>
¾Bkvfb> Kokjfzkrjn as uok pærbfbk ba tfa`pn, kba`ës ba sar pariubfcfkj. Jk varbkb
as qua tnbns sno cnjactfvk`aota raspnoskljas.
Ao ntrks pkjklrks ‒y astn puaba sar bfmàcfj ba kcaptkr‒, ckbk uon as
raspnosklja baj trklkin ba jns ba`ës. Sar raspnosklja baj trklkin ba jns ntrns on
sfhofmfck kvarfhukr qufæo tfaoa jk cujpk, sfon qua as jk rakjfbkb prëctfck ba jk
cnjklnrkcfóo.
Baspuæs baj baskyuon, ja prahuotæ k Bkvfb («pnrqua astny ascrflfaobn u
krtàcujnµ) qua cdkrjërk`ns uons `foutns pkrk sklar `ës ba su tn`k ba bacfsfnoas.
«Jk varbkbµ, `a bfin, «trklkin cno aj cdam tnbns jns bàks y on quaràk prasfnokrjn
of qua sa aomkbkrk.µ
Ao ntrks pkjklrks, bacfrja kj cdam qua on dklàk dacdn lfao aj lkhaj ‒qua dklàk
cn`atfbn uo arrnr‒ pnoàk ao pajfhrn su rajkcfóo. On ark uo rfashn qua Bkvfb
qufsfark ksu`fr.
«Rn`æ jk bacfsfóo ao uo fostkotaµ, cnotfouó. «¾@araca jk paok aomraotkr`a kj cda
n vnsntrns flkfs k kcaptkr aj lkhaj, kuoqua astuvfark `kj prapkrkbn> Wkracàkfs
k`kljas, ksà qua da pramarfbn on aomraotkr`a kj cdam.µ
Bkvfb bacfbfó qua ark `ainr qua aj arrnr muark ksu`fbn pnr aj cjfaota qua
aomraotkrsa k su cn`pkûarn n k su suparfnr. Saràk mëcfj iuzhkrjn pnr astk bacfsfóo sf
jns ba`ës on tn`ërk`ns bacfsfnoas pkracfbks tko k `aoubn. Ksà qua ¾có`n ons
jflrk`ns ba astk `aotkjfbkb ba bapkrtk`aotns astkocns>
Cno vkjnr.

Suparkr jk taobaocfk bastructfvk ba trklkikr ao bapkrtk`aotns astkocns raqufara aj

vkjnr ba uok snjk parsnok qua qufark ksu`fr rfashns. Sa oacasftk uok hrko muarzk
parsnokj pkrk
pkr k fbaot
fbaotfmfckr
fmfckr y cnrrahfr uo arrnr ao aj bapkrtk`
bapkrtk`ao
aotn
tn ba «ntrk pars
parsno
nokµ
kµ y
suparkr aj `fabn k jks cnosacuaocfks ba dkcarsa raspnosklja baj trklkin ba ntrk
parsnok.

Cukobn
kj cdam. dkljæ
@ainr cno`à,
pkrk Bkvfb,
`ainrastuvn
pkrk ba kcuarbn ao qua
aj rastkurkota, dklràk
`ainr pkrksfbn `ainr
aj cdam bacfrja kjhn
a, focjusn, cn
aj tfa`pn, `ainr pkrk su rajkcfóo cno aj cdam.
«Luaon, aotnocas, ¾jn dkrës>µ, prahuotæ.
Bkvfb ‒uo luao tfpn, kjhufao cno aj sumfcfaota vkjnr cn`n pkrk cn`pkrtfr s
tn`k ba bacfsfnoas cno`fhn‒ `fró dkcfk jk cncfok uo sahuobn, juahn ba ouavn k `à
y, cno uok
uok snorfsk
snorfsk,, ssaa aocnhfó ba dn`
dn`lrns
lrns..

\asfsta jk taotkcfóo
uo bapkrtk`aotn ba cnosfbarkr
astkocn. Basba ajtupuotn
trklkin
ba cn`n kjhnuosapkrkbn
vfstk ba jàbar, uobaj ba jns ba`ës,
kccfnofstk as bacfr,oncn`n
n uo cjfaota, dky
bapkrtk`aotns. Ksu`a jk raspnosklfjfbkb pnr aj trklkin ba tus cn`pkûarns y cn`prn`ætata cno jk
axcajaocfk on ba uok pkrta, sfon baj cnoiuotn.

....
 2<

Raohn ba`
ba`ksfkbk
ksfkbkss
cnsks
cnsks pnr
pnr dkcar
Nmræcata k dkcar
aj trklkin ba jns ba`ës

Sæ có`n hastfnokr aj astræs. Sæ qua ckbk bàk baln bnr`fr sfata u ncdn dnrks y dkcar
`ës n `aons uok dnrk ba aiarcfcfn. Sæ qua taohn qua `abftkr uo rktn y kjf`aotkr`a
`nbarkbk`aota cno uok bfatk aqufjflrkbk. Sæ qua baln raspfrkr dnobn, pkrk
ckj`kr`a, vkrfks vacas kj bàk. Sæ tnbn astn y, ao hrko pkrta (sf pksn pnr kjtn aj
sahuobn cuaocn ba papftks ba cdncnjkta cno cra`k ba ckckduata y \fca Erfspfas qua
kckln ba bavnrkr),
bavnr kr), jn cu`
cu`pjn.
pjn.
Warn, k paskr ba sklar ‒y dkcar‒ jn qua taohn qua dkcar pkrk hastfnokr
amactfvk`aota aj astræs, `a sfaotn astraskbn. Cksf klru`kbn.
Jns ksuotns ba trklkin qua `a astrasko astk sa`kok suparko jks axfhaocfks
onr`kjas ba jk vfbk9 abuckr k tras dfins, ckbk uon ba ajjns cno sus vfrtubas y
bamactns, babfckr tfa`pn k uok `uiar `krkvfjjnsk qua tk`lfæo sa astrask y bfrfhfr `f
prnpfn oahahncfn.
ncfn. Rnbns astns sno lu luao
aons
ns mkct
mkctnras
nras ba astræs. Astny skon, `f mk` mk`fjf
fjfkk
astë skok,
s kok, `
`ff oahncfn aastë
stë sskon
kon y oouastrk
uastrk acnon`
acnon`àkàk astë sskok.
kok.
Warn on dky bfmaraocfk aotra aj astræs luaon y aj `kjn. Kpkraca, sfo qua jn
fovfta`ns, sfa`pra qua astk`ns ao uok sftukcfóo cuyn rasujtkbn astë muark ba ouastrn
cnotrnj. V asn ons prancupk. Ksà qua ons quaik`ns, cdfs`nrrak`ns, snjtk`ns
skrcks`ns. \ëpfbk`aota, cnotkhfk`ns aj astræs k jns ba`ës. V juahn ajjns tk`lfæo
sa quaiko, cdfs`nrrako, suajtko skrcks`ns. @uy prnotn, astk`ns ao uok cn`patfcfó
pkrk var qu
qufæo
fæo astë `ës astraskbn, qu qufæo
fæo tfaoa `
`ës
ës trklkin y qu
qufæo
fæo tfaoa kj iama `ës
baskhrkbacfbn y ba`aota. Wnr supuastn, astn snjn cnotrfluya k qua asta`ns `ës
khnlfkbns. ¾Cuëj as jk `ainr `koark ba jfbfkr cno jk saoskcfóo ba astkr klru`kbn
`faotrks snpnrtks k uo cn`pkûarn qua sa quaik, cdfs`nrrak y suajtk skrcks`ns>
¾Có`n bala`ns rakccfnokr pkrk on cnovartfrons ao kjhufao cn`n æj>
 Nmræcata k dkcar pkrta ba su trklkin.
Sæ qua pkraca uok jncurk pnrqua uon `fs`n yk astë `uy ncupkbn, tkj vaz focjusn
`ës ncupkbn qua jns ba`ës. Focjusn sf tuvfarks aj tfa`pn y jk aoarhàk pkrk

kyubkrjns, qufzë ta mkjtkràk jk haoarnsfbkb, pnrqua nàrjns quaikrsa tkotn as `njastn.

Kba`ës, sf cn`pftas pkrk var qufæo astë `ës ncupkbn, ¾quæ paoskrëo cukobn ta
nmrazcks k dkcar su trklkin> On dky bubk ba qua dklrës parbfbn jk lktkjjk.
Warn hkokrës
hkokrës jk hu
huarrk
arrk baj astræs.
as træs.
Ons quaik`ns
quaik`ns pnrqua cukocukobn
bn as
astk`
tk`ns
ns astraskbns ons saot
saotf`
f`ns
ns snjns y kjfaokbns.
Ba `nbn quaSnjtk`ns
cdfs`nrrako. cdfs`nrrak`ns pkrk
skrcks`ns saotfr
snlra ck`krkbaràk
aj iama cno jns cn`pkûarns
pkrk pnsfcfnokrons qua
cno jns ba`ës.
Warn quaikrsa y cdfs`nrrakr as cn`n jk `azcjk ba cdncnjkta, cra`k ba ckckduata y
\fca Erfspfas9 ons dkca saotfr lfao cukobn jn dkca`ns, parn ons saotf`ns panr
fo`abfktk`aota baspuæs.
[uaikrsa mn`aotk jk bascnomfkozk aotra jns cn`pkûarns, jjaok ba oahktfvfbkb jk
nmfcfok, ons dkca parbar aj tfa`pn y kcaotùk ouastrk saoskcfóo ba kfsjk`faotn. Sf ons
nmraca`ns pkrk dkcar kjhuok tkrak ba ntrk parsnok, ao ck`lfn, jnhrk`ns jn
cnotrkrfn9 mn`aotk uok rajkcfóo `ës astracdk qua, kj mfo y kj ckln, as jn qua astk`ns
lusckobn.
lu sckobn.
Sf kjhufao sa aocnotrkrk ao sarfns prnlja`ks ‒pfaosk ao jk haota qua sumrfó aj
tsuok`f ba Ikpóo‒, on bubkràk`ns ao kyubkr. Astk tëctfck as jk `fs`k kyubk
du`kok y haoarnsk, parn k uok asckjk `ucdn `aonr. Qo nmracf`faotn foasparkbn ba
asta tfpn ck`lfkrë jk bfoë`fck ba fo`abfktn. ¾[ufæo sahufrë quaiëobnsa cukobn ja
nmrazcko cn`pkrtfr jk ckrhk> \amnrzkrës jk cnomfkozk, crakrës uok kt`ósmark ba
trklkin pnsftfvk
pnsf tfvk y kvko
kvkozkrës
zkrës ao aj trklkin.
Rk`lfæo ta kyubkrë k cu`pjfr cno tus tkraks. Qo kctn ba asta tfpn, haoarnsn, ta
dkca saotfr `ainr, rabuca aj astræs y `ainrk tu prnbuctfvfbkb. Kj kctukr cn`n sf
tuvfarks jk ckpkcfbkb ba kyubkr k kjhufao, ba dacdn kbqufaras astk ckpkcfbkb.
Ksà qua ¾có`
¾có`nn dkcarj
dkcarjn>
n>

fotarr u`pfr of cn`patfr.

scucdk sfo fotarru`pfr A`pktfzk cno jns prnlja`ks ba jns ba`ës.
\asfsta jk taotkcfóo ba `atar cfzkûk, cnotrflufr cno cdfs`as n bacfr cuëotn trklkin
tfaoas y jn `ucdn qua ta cuastk. Jf`àtkta k ascucdkr.

]kjnrk aj ratn kj qua sa aomraotko . Cno uok n bns mrksas lravas, dkzjas sklar qua
cn`praobas qua astëo ao uok sftukcfóo bfmàcfj y astraskota. On saks pktarokjfstk, on
kûkbks jaûk kj muahn. Wuaba sar bfmàcfj sf tù tk`lfæo astës ao uok sftukcfóo pkracfbk,
parn on as oacaskrfn astkr
as tkr ba kcuarbn cno jn ququaa bfca. Snjn tfaoao qu
quaa saot
saotfr
fr qua jns
astës ascucdkobn.
Nmræcata k kyubkrjns ba `koark aspacàmfck. Rkj vaz taohko paobfaota uok

cnovarskcfóo bajfckbk cno kjhufao y tù puabks fotarvaofr k su mkvnr. [ufzë jns

puabas
puabas ky
kyuubkr ba uok `ko koark
ark parsnokj, cn`
cn`nn cn`
cn`prkrj
prkrjas
as aj kj`
kj`uuarzn cu
cuko
kobn
bn
cn`pras aj tuyn y ksà kdnrrkrjas aj vfkia. On ta`ks qua astn sa puabk cnovartfr a
uok rutfok. Astë cjkrn qua puabao kcklkr bëobnjn pnr bascnotkbn, parn jn `ës
prnlklja as qu
quaa jn kpracfao `u
`ucd
cdn,
n, baiao ba qu
quaikrs
aikrsaa tkotn
tkotn y rrao
aonvæfs
nvæfs aoarh
aoarhàks.
àks. Jk

próxf`kkfvns.
próxf`
prnbuct vaz
vaz,, ajjns jn dkrëo pnr tf, pnrqua as ksà cn`
prnbuctfvns. cn`nn muo
muocfnoko jns aqu
aqufpns
fpns

Jk ntrk oncda, ckà ao jk trk`pk ba cnotkrja k Ajakonr jn `uy ncupkbn y astraskbn

qua astklk, kuoqua sklàk qua k ajjk ja ncurràk jn `fs`n. On trktó ba cn`pkrkrsa
cno`fhn. @a ascucdó, `a bfin qua cn`praobàk jn khnlfkbn qua astklk y juahn,
kuoqua k jk `kûkok sfhufaota yn balàk ncupkr`a ba jns ofûns, sa nmracfó pkrk
javkotkrsa k jks safs y baikr`a bnr`fr uo pncn `ës. Ck`lfó `f bfoë`fck pnr
cn`pjatn. Baiæ ba quaikr`a y `a bf cuaotk ba jn kmnrtuokbn qua ark. Kj bàk
sfhufaota, pnr jk tkrba, puastn qua ajjk oacasftklk tfa`pn pkrk trklkikr, `a nmracà
pkrk dkcar kjhu
kjhuook ba sus tkraks, jn cu cukj
kj `a dfzn saot
saotfr
fr `ainr qua
qua dklar pnbfbn
bnr`fr `ës.
Kuoqua kdnrk tkj vaz pfaosas9 As tu `uiar,
`uiar, ast
astëë cjkrn qua balaràk
balarà k kyubkrta. Snfs
uok pkraik. Jk mnr`k ba hastfnokr aj trklkin ao jk nmfcfok as bfmaraota . Warn ¾tfaoa
qua sarjn> ¾Wnr quæ on pnba`ns bkr paquaûns pksns pkrk cn`pkrtfr jk ckrhk ba
trklkin fobfvfbukj cno aj nliatfvn baj lfaoast
lfaoastkr
kr baj aqufpn>
aqufpn>
Sfhn astkobn suparncupkbn. Sfhn taofaobn uo `notóo ba prancupkcfnoas ao `aota.
On dk dklfbn ofohùo
ofohùo ck`
ck`lfn
lfn `ktarfkj. Warn dk dklfbn uo ck`lfnck`lfn haoarkj. Wnrqua, k
paskr ba qua sny fo
fobfvfbukj`
bfvfbukj`aot
aotaa ras
raspno
pnosklja
sklja ba ``fs
fs nljfhkcfno
nljfhkcfnoas,
as, ba kjhu
kjhuook mnr`
mnr`k,
k,
yk on `a sfaotn tko snjn.

Cukobn astk`ns astraskbns pnrqua taoa`ns `ucdn trklkin, rakccfnok`ns quaiëobnons cukotn `ës
`ainr. Warn, kuoqua ons dkhk saotfr lfao ao uo prf`ar `n`aotn, jk quaik haoark uok aspfrkj ba
oahktfvfbkb ao ouastrns puastns ba trklkin. Ao juhkr ba quaikrta, bkja jk vuajtk9 nmræcata k dkcar
kjhuok tkrak ba ntrk parsnok. Asta kctn ba haoarnsfbkb ta dkrë saotfr `ainr, rabucfrë tu astræs y
ku`aa otkr
ku` otkrëë jk prnbuctfvfbkb.
 ....

23

j bàk ao qua jns caotrns ba

bfstrflucfóo
bfstrflucfóo ast
astklk
klkoo jjaon
jjaonss
Cæotrkta ao aj rasujtkbn,
on ao aj prncasn
pr ncasn

Burkota jks sa`koks y `asas qua sfhufarno kj durkcëo Skoby, jk tnr`aotk qua
bavkstó pkrta ba jk cfubkb, sa pnbràk dklar bascrftn Ouavk Vnre cn`n bns cfubkbas9
jk ba jks parsnoks qua sa dklàko vfstn brëstfck`aota kmactkbks pnr aj durkcëo, y jks
ba kquajjks pkrk jks qua snjn supusn uok `ark focnovaofaocfk.
Vn muf kmnrtuokbn9 vfvn ao aj Qppar Xast Sfba ba @kodkttko, qua kpaoks sumrfó
cnosacuaocfks. Aj cnjahfn ba ouastrns dfins astuvn carrkbn vkrfns bàks, parn on ons
quabk`ns
quabk` ns sfo aj
ajactrf
actrfcfbk
cfbkbb y ou
ouastrn
astrn kpkr
kpkrtk`
tk`aot
aotnn quabó fotkctn. R
Rk`
k`lfæo
lfæo jjjaok`
jaok`ns
ns aj
bapósftn baj cncda jk oncda ba jk tnr`aotk, pnr sf kcksn.
Ksà qua, cukobn racflf`ns vkrfns cnrrans snjfcftkobn krtàcujns ba prf`ark
oacasfbkb pkrk kquajjns qua dklàko skjfbn `ës pariubfckbns, astëlk`ns prapkrkbns
pkrk kyubkr.
kyubkr.
Cukobn jjahuæ kj Caotrn Cn`uoftkrfn Iubàn ba @kodkttko, sa k`notnoklko ao aj
vastàlujn rnpk, cn`fbk, iuhuatas, krtàcujns ba ksan, `kotks, jfotaroks y ntrns
prnbuctns,
prnbuct ns, tnbn `atfbn ao hrkobas lnjsks oah oahrks
rks ba lksurk. Dklàk parsnoks qua
qua
bfstrfluàko tnbn kquajjn, ntrns qua jn ckrhklko ao cncdas y uo raspnosklja qua
basfhoklk caotrns ba bfstrflucfóo ao jks znoks `ës kmactkbks. Vk dklàko aovfkbn uo
caotaokr ba cncdas rapjatns ba krtàcujns y, kotas ba kcklkr aj bàk, jnhrkrno `kobkr
uo caotaokr
caotaokr `ës.
Fsklajja y Snpdfk vfofarno cno`fhn pkrk pkrtfcfpkr ao jks tkraks ba bfstrflucfóo.
K jns vnjuotkrfns jas jjavó uons sasaotk sahuobns jjaokr ouastrn `nonvnju`ao y ons
bfrfhf`ns dkcfk Stktao Fsjkob.
Iustn baspuæs, `a jjk`ó uo k`fhn bfcfæobn`a qua on muark k Stktao Fsjkob. Jns
caotrns ba bfstrflucfóo astklko jjaons, `a bfin. ]a k Mkr \ncekwky, kûkbfó. ]krfks
dnrks ba a`lntajjk`faotn baspuæs, cukobn jjahk`ns k Mkr \ncekwky aj caotrn ba
bfstrflucfóo astklk k ravaotkr. Ksà qua muf`ns k uok fhjasfk qua, sahùo ons bfiarno,
sa utfjfzklk cn`n caotrn ba bfstrflucfóo. Ba ouavn, on pubf`ns basckrhkr, pnrqua

taoàko `ës su`fofstrns ba jns qua pnbàko hastfnokr. Aocnotrk`ns ntrn hrko caotrn ba
bfstrflucfóo, parn ons ncurrfó jn `fs`n.
\acnrrf`ns Mkr \ncekwky lusckobn caotrns ba bfstrflucfóo. Ouock dklàk vfstn
uok bavkstkcfóo sa`aikota. Ljnquas ba pfsns aotarns dklàko sfbn krrkskbns pnr aj
muahn. Snjn quabklko ao pfa jks asckjfoktks ba jk aotrkbk, qua jjavklko k uo `notó
ba rufoks.
khuks Kraok yncupklko
kj ratfrkrsa, ascn`lrnsjks‒aotra
ckjjas.ajjns, a`lkrckcfnoas‒,
V dklàk qua dklàko
fomfofbkb ba `notàcujns babaikbn jks
basacdns
ba `kbark, `ualjas y iuhuatas, focjusn pkrabas, k`notnokbns ao jk kcark pkrk qua
jns sarvfcfns ba jf`pfazk baj kyuotk`faotn jns racnhfarko.
Saocfjjk`aota, on `a pnbàk craar qua jk haota ba asns lkrrfns tuvfark tnbns jns
su`fofstrns qua oacasftklko. V, kuo ksà, kdà astëlk`ns ao uo cncda jjaon ba
prnbuctns
prnbuct ns qu
quaa on kcaptklk ofo
ofohhùo caot
caotrn
rn ba bfstrflucfóo
bfstrflucfóo.. Ao
Aotno
tnocas
cas `a bf cuao
cuaotk
tk baj
prnlja`k9
prnlja` k9 tnbns astns asmu
asmuarzns
arzns ba cnnrbfokcfóo arko ax axtra`
tra`kbk`
kbk`ao
aota
ta vkjfnsns
vkjfnsns,,
parn dkstk cfartn puo
puotn. Ou
Ouastrn cncda ast
astklk
klk ao aj juh
juhkr
kr kbacukbn cno jns prnbuctns

kbacukbns.
prnlja`k.
prnlja` Warnpu
k. On ¾quæ
abn ncurràk
puabn axpjfckraotnocas>
axpjfckr Jkvarhkburk
lfao jk ao cnnrbfokcfóo
aovarhkbu sa dklàk
rk ba asta ck` cnovartfbn
ck`lfn
lfn aotkj, ao
`aotkj, u
parn
cukobn `a bf cuaotk baiæ ba sar uo a`pjakbn pkrk cnovartfr`a ao uo a`praobabnr.
Baiæ ba dkcar jn qua `a nrbaoklko pkrk dkcar jn qua vaàk qua ark oacaskrfn.
K `aoubn, uo sfsta`k ons cnjnck ‒n ons cnjnck`ns‒ ao uo pkpaj sulkjtaron.
Aspark`ns qua uo bfrfhaota n jk lurncrkcfk ons bfhk quæ dkcar ao juhkr ba paoskr
onsntrns `fs`ns quæ as oacaskrfn. @ucdks parsnoks sn`ns fostfotfvk`aota `uy
amfcfaotas y ons su`k`ns k uo prncasn sfo pkrkrons k paoskr sf asa prncasn
rakj`aota kyubk k jnhrkr jns nliatfvns. K vacas, ao uo fotaotn ba sar prnbuctfvns,
parba`ns
parba` ns prnbuctfvfbkb.
prnbuctfvfbkb.
Kj trktkr ba sar ùtfjas, tuva qua `nbfmfckr aj prncasn pnrqua aj qua dklàk on
astklk bkobn rasujtkbns. Kpraobà qua k vacas taoa`ns qua sulvartfr aj basan ba sar
prnbuctfvns
prnbuct fvns y sahufr
sahufr uo prncasn, pkrk caotrkrons
caotrkrons ao aj rasujtkbn y dkcar jn oacaskrfn
acaskrf n
pkrk jnhrkrjn.
Jn qua tk`lfæo basculrà as qua cukobn uon sfhua su fofcfktfvk a`praobabnrk
suaja racflfr rahkjns foasparkbns. Lkikobn pnr uok ba jks ckjjas, vf`ns k uo hrupn
ba haota racnhfaobn jns ascn`lrns ba sus cksks. Kjjà as bnoba cnoncf`ns k @fea y
Eajjy. Su sótkon racfæo ramnr`kbn taoàk khuk dkstk aj tacdn, cn`n uok pfscfok, ba
mnr`k qua sus bns cncdas dklàko quabkbn tntkj`aota su`arhfbns y, baspuæs ba qua
su dfin pkbacfark tras ktkquas ba ks`k balfbn kj pnjvn, jn aovfkrno k cksk ba s
kluajk ao
ao X
Xastcdastar.
astcdastar.
Sà, ons bfiarno, jns su`fofstrns qua jjavëfs ons puabao sar `uy ùtfjas. Ksà qua

basckrhk`ns iuotns jk murhnoatk y jn cnjnck`ns tnbn ao aj pnrcda, basba bnoba

pnbràko bfstrflufrjn k jns ba`ës
ba`ës vacfons.
@fea y Eajjy ons cnotkrno có`n mua jk oncda baj durkcëo Skoby, y aj astruaobn
qua prnbuin aj khuk cukobn ravaotó jk pkrab baj sótkon. Eajjy ja axpjfcó k `fs dfiks
vkrfks cnsks snlra aj ncækon y jk lkdàk, y có`n aj khuk jjahó pnr k`lns jkbns y jn

fouobó
kyubklkotnbn.
pkrkOns cn`aotókquaj
ra`abfkr qua jns vacfonsV cn`pkrtàko
baskstra. jk cn`fbk
jas bfn k `fs y qua
dfiks uo tnbns ba
`notóo sa
ckrk`ajns qua jas dklàko snlrkbn ba Dkjjnwaao, `ucdns `ës ba jn qua yn dulfark
cnosaotfbn.
@faotrks nàk k @fea y Eajjy axpjfckrons tnbk kquajjk cktëstrnma y có`n dklàk
taofbn qua kr`krsa ba vkjnr, `a pkracfó ckbk vaz `ainr qua jk nrhkofzkcfóo dulfark
taofbn sus mkjjks. Sfo cnnrbfokcfóo, ouock dklràk jjahkbn k Mkr \ncekwky cno jk
murhnoatk jjaok ba su`fofstrns. Sf tnbn dulfark fbn k jk parmaccfóo, `fs dfiks y yn sa
jn dklràk`ns aotrahkbn k uo lurócrktk sfo on`lra y on dklràk`ns cnoncfbn k @fea,
Eajjy of su dfstnrfk. V k ajjns bns jas dklràk ncurrfbn jn `fs`n.
Ouavk
Ou avk V
Vnre
nre oonn sno
s no bns cf
cfuubkbas9 sno ncd
ncdnn `fjjnoas ba cfubkbas. Aj durkcëo ons
kmactó k tnbns ba uok mnr`k pkrtfcujkr. V jjahkr k kquajjns lkrrfns su`fbns ao jk
nscurfbkb, cno jks ckjjas jjaoks ba ascn`lrns y jks cksks fouobkbks, pkrk nàr jks
dfstnrfks qua dklàko vfvfbn mua uo pksn asaocfkj a fospfrkbnr pkrk pnbar
racuparkrons.
Sfo bubk, jk cn`fbk y jks `kotks sno oacaskrfks pkrk jk suparvfvaocfk. Warn
tk`lfæo jn sno jks cnovarskcfnoas, jks rajkcfnoas parsnokjas y aj saotfbn ba
cn`uofbkb qua prnvfaoa ba jk haota rakj qua cn`pkrta sus axparfaocfks. Sno cnsks
qua astk`ns parbfaobn pnrqua ons bfstkocfk`ns pnr cujpk ba jks hrkobas
nrhkofzkcfnoas y jns `nbns ba cn`uofckcfóo amfcfaotas, pnrqua jk vfbk bfhftkj kcklk
klru`kobn ouastrn yn fotarfnr. On pnba`ns par`ftfrons parbarjks9 kj mfo y kj ckln,
jks nrhkofzkcfnoas astëo mnr`kbks pnr parsnoks. Warn cukotn `ës kctuk`ns cn`n
a`pjakbns, trklkikobn ba jk mnr`k `ës amfcfaota pnsflja, `ës ons kjaik`ns ba
ouastrk cnobfcfóo du`kok.
Cn`pkrtfr su`fofstrns a dfstnrfks cno jns vacfons as kjtk`aota foamfcfaota. Rkj
vaz, @fea y Eajjy kcklkrno cno cnsks ao aj pnrcda qua on pubfarno uskr of
cn`pkrtfr. Rkj vaz on muarko ajjns qufaoas `ës jn oacasftklko.
Warn ouastrk axcursfóo k Mkr \ncekwky `a kyubó k var jk utfjfbkb ba jk
foamfcfaocfk. ¾As `ainr qua jks parsnoks kcubko k cksk ba uo vacfon pkrk tn`kr jn
qua oacasftko n qua taohko qua foscrflfrsa ao uo caotrn ba bfstrflucfóo> Kj prfocfpfn,
cksf `a kvarhúaozk kb`ftfrjn, paosæ9 ¾V sf sa jn quabko tnbn> Astk as iustk`aota jk
bascnomfkozk qua dk crakbn jk lurncrkcfk f`parsnokj, y qua tkj vaz astæ prnvnckbk

pnr ajjk `fs`k.

`fs`k.
Jk varbkb as qua pnbràko dklærsajn quabkbn tnbn.
Warn jn bubn. @fea y Eajjy arko luaoks parsnoks, jn tuva cjkrn snjn cno var có`n
trktklko k `fs dfiks. Kj jjahkr k su cksk, Eajjy ons nmracfó khuk a`lntajjkbk, ba jks
pncks rasarvks qu
quaa tao
taoàk.
àk. Rn`
n`kràko
kràko jn qu
quaa oacasftkrko y cn`
cn`pkrtfràko
pkrtfràko tnbn jn qu
quaa

pubfarko.
pubfarko.
Ba vuajtk k cksk, ons saotf`ns `uy lfao. On snjn pnr dklar kyubkbn k uo vacfon
qua jn oacasftklk. V on snjn pnrqua pusf`ns ao prëctfck ouastrk fofcfktfvk
a`praobabnrk, kjhn ba jn qua ons aonrhujjacàk`ns, sfon pnrqua cnoncf`ns k @fea y
Eajjy, y cnoactk`ns cno ajjns.
As bacfr, aj jkbn pnsftfvn ba jk foamfcfaocfk.

Supark aj f`pujsn ba sar bfscfpjfokbn y kcktkr prncasns prabatar`fokbns, snlra tnbn sf ta pkraca
qua on muocfnoko. Ao juhkr ba ajjn, cæotrkta ao aj rasujtkbn y ao jn qua oacasftks dkcar pkrk
jnhrkrjn.

....
 22

On kpuastas qua hkokrës

jk jntar
jntaràk
àk
Cæotrkta ao jn f`pnrtkota
pkrk jk a`prask

@f k`fhn Bkva `a cn`aotó qua kcklklk ba racflfr jns rasujtkbns ba uok prualk
`æbfck y qua astklk snrpraobfbn y bacapcfnokbn cno jns bktns. Raoàk aj cnjastarnj
kjtn. Aspacfkj`aota, `a bfin, cnotkobn cno jn qua cn`àk.
«Bkvaµ, raspnobà, «astës ba lrn`k. Cn`as pnrquaràks. Rnbn mrftn y, sf on,
hkjjatks ba cdncnjkta. On racuarbn dklarta vfstn ik`ës cn`faobn varburk. ¾Có`n
asparks qua tu cnjastarnj on astæ pnr jks oulas>µ
«Warn aj ntrn bàk, iustn kotas ba jk prualkµ, rapusn, «cn`à rakj`aota lfao.µ
Jk fbak ba nltaoar rasujtkbns fo`abfktns as ktrkctfvk. As jk taotkcfóo ba jk jntaràk.
¾[ufæo on dk iuhkbn kj `aons uok vaz, f`khfokobn cuëotns prnlja`ks pnbràk
rasnjvar ao snjn uo fostkota> ¾Sa puaba cujpkr k Bkva pnr asparkr qua s
`atklnjfs`n ck`lfkràk pnrqua uo bàk dklàk cn`fbn ba mnr`k skjubklja>
Warn jns rasujtkbns fo`abfktns cksf sfa`pra sno uok quf`ark. V asparkrjns as
bastructfvn, pnrqua ons f`pfba bkr jns pksns sfhofmfcktfvns y axfhaotas qua, ba
dacdn, ons jjavkrëo k jns rasujtkbns qua lusck`ns. Cjkrn, sfa`pra dky kjhufao qua
hkok jk jntaràk. Warn, astkbàstfck`aota, tus npcfnoas sno cksf oujks.
\acnrbæ astn cukobn
cukobn raspnobà k uo parfnbfstk snlr
snlraa quæ cno
cnosain
sain ja bkr
bkràk
àk k kjhu
kjhufa
fa
qua qufara pabfr uo ku`aotn ao uok æpnck ao qua jns skjkrfns astëo cnohajkbns n
ckao. ¾[uæ ja raspnobà> [ua on jn pfbk.
On as qua
qua pfaosa qu
quaa on sa pu
puabao
abao cno
cnosahu
sahufr
fr ku`
ku`ao
aotns
tns ba fo`
fo`abfktn,
abfktn, parn sf on ta
dks pkskbn kj `aons uo kûn dkcfaobn uo krbun trklkin ba lksa, as `uy f`prnlklja
qua ta jn cnocabko. On axfsta mór`ujk kjhuok ‒on dky pkjklrks of kctftubas `ëhfcks
‒ ququaa jnhrao uo ku`
ku`ao
aotn
tn ao uon n bns bàks. V, cucuko
kobn
bn pabf`ns
pabf`ns uo ku`ao
ku`aotn tn sfo
dklar prapkrkbn jks lksas, ons pariubfck`ns k onsntrns `fs`ns y k ouastrk
raputkcfóo9 juahn ons cnstkrë `ucdn `ës qua ons ku`aotao aj suajbn, focjusn cukobn
jn `arazck`ns.
Warn sà qua axfsta uok mór`ujk pkrk hkokr `ës bfoarn y `ainrkr tu ckrrark k jkrhn

pjkzn. V, sf a`
a`pfazks
pfazks kd
kdnrk,
nrk, tkj vaz astæs ao ppnsfcf
nsfcfóo
óo ba cnosahu
cnosahufr
fr uo ku`
ku`ao
aotn
tn aj kûn
qua vfaoa.
Jk mór`ujk sa lksk ao uok pra`fsk sf`pja9 ouastrk ckrrark prnhraskrë cukobn
ba`nstra`ns qua kûkbf`ns `ës vkjnr. V pnba`ns kûkbfr `ës vkjnr cukobn
babfqua`ns jk `kynr pkrta ba ouastrn tfa`pn kj trklkin qua jk `kynràk ba jns kjtns
aiacutfvns ba jk a`prask ‒n ba jk iuotk‒ cnosfbarko `ës vkjfnsn. As bacfr, cksf
sfa`pra uo trklkin qua ku`aotk jns fohrasns n jns laoamfcfns, yk sak k cnrtn n jkrhn
pjkzn.
Warn ¾kcksn on astk`ns asmnrzëobnons yk pkrk cnosahufrjn> @a pkraca qua jns
bkbns astëo truckbns ao ouastrk cnotrk. Rnbns taoa`ns uo `notóo ba trklkin,
ba`ksfkbks tkraks pnr dkcar. \aspnoba`ns k ba`ksfkbns cnrrans qua on sno
f`pnrtkotas. Bk`ns npfofnoas fooacaskrfks. Babfck`ns tfa`pn k ksuotns qua on
tfaoao amactns parcaptfljas. Dkca`ns `ës trklkin lurncrëtfcn qua rakj`aota
amactfvn. On dky bubk ba qua astk`ns `ës ncupkbns qua kotas, parn k `aoubn on

jnhrk`ns
Sfa`pradkcar
dky kquajjn rakj
rakj`
cuastfnoas `aot
aotaaf`pnrtkotas
`ës ff`
`pnrtkota.qua ntrks. Aj prnlja`k as qua `ucdks
vacas on jn taoa`ns cjkrn, ksà qua ncurrao bns cnsks9 n babfck`ns jns `fs`ns
asmuarzns
asmuarzns y ao
aoarhàks
arhàks k tnbn, n ons pksko baskparcflf
baskparcflfbks
bks jjks
ks cuastfno
cuastfnoas
as aqufvnckbks.
@fof`fzkr jks lkhktajks as jn qua oacasftk`ns. Da kquà `f mór`ujk9

;. Cukobn asta kûn taohks qua oahoahncfkr

ncfkr tu ra`uoarkcfóo,
ra`uoarkcfóo, kcaptk jn qua ta bao sf
sfoo oahncfkr
oahncfkr..
Sf as partfoaota, axprask qua dk sfbn uo kûn bfmàcfj y qua vkjnrks jn qua ta nmracao.
Axpjfck qua ta fotarask `aons uo ku`aotn qua kûkbfr uo vkjnr sfhofmfcktfvn k jk a`prask9
as ba astn ba jn qua qufaras dkljkr.

<. Wfaosk cn`n uo kccfnof

kccfnofstk.
stk. W
Wrahuotk
rahuotk snlra jk
jk astrktahfk,
astrktahfk, quæ as jn qua on baik bnr`fr
bnr`fr k
jns kjtns aiacutfvns, ao quæ `abfbk tu bapkrtk`aotn jnhrk fohrasns n laoamfcfns, y quæ as
f`pnrtkota pkrk tu iama bfractn. Fbaotfmfck cno æj jks bns n tras cuastfnoas prfocfpkjas ao
jks qua puabas trklkikr pkrk ku`aotkr fohrasns n laoamfcfns. Baspuæs ba astk
cnovarskcfóo, dkljkr ba tu ku`aotn taobrë uo saotfbn.
3. Kdnrk dkz qua asks bns n tras cnsks astæo ao jn kjtnkjtn ba tu jfstk
jfstk ba prfnrfbkbas.
prfnrfbkbas. Ksah
Ksahùrkta
ùrkta
ba qua jk `kynr pkrta ba tus asmuarzns dkcao qua jk a`prask kvkoca ao astns kspactns.
Cn`pkrta jk jfstk cno tu bfractnr pkrk qua jns bns cnfocfbëfs ao jn qua as `ës f`pnrtkota
pkrk jk a`prask. Dkz tnbn jn qua puabks pkrk cukotfmfckr cukotfmfckr aj f`pkctn
f`pkctn qua astë
prnbucfaobn. Sf tu bf
bfractnr
ractnr ta pfba qua dkhks ntrks tkraks, racuærbkja cuëjas
c uëjas sno vuastrks

fprfnrf
prfnrfbkbas
bkbas yparn
`pnrtkotas, pnobarkbjn. Sfo`ftas9
bubk,
on ta axtrkjf`f
axtrkjf tas9 k taobrës qua trklkikr
mfo ba cuaotks,
cua otks, on snoaof`pnrtkotas.
kjh
kjhuoks
uoks cnsks qua on sno
 On cn`atks
cn`atks aj arr
arrnr
nr ba pabfr uo ku
ku`
`aot
aotnn sfo ko
kotas
tas sklar quæ as jn f`pnrt
f`pnrtko
kota
ta pkrk
jk a`prask y babfckrta k ajjn. Ao juhkr ba astn, baspuæs ba safs `asas caotrkbn a

jns kspactns `
`ës
ës cr
cruucfkjas
cfkjas,, pnbrës dkljkr cno tu
tu bfractnr pkrk fbaot
fbaotfmfckr
fmfckr aj amactn
amactn ba
tu trklkin y ba`nstrkr qua dks kûkbfbn uo vkjnr sfhofmfcktfvn. Ao astk cdkrjk pnbrës
dkljkr ba uo ku`aotn rakj. As aj `n`aotn npnrtuon pnrqua jk `kynràk ba jks
a`prasks a`pfazko k pjkofmfckr jns prasupuastns ba jns bapkrtk`aotns y jns
kscaosns ckbk safs
saf s `
`asas.
asas.

Jn f`pnrtkota
fotaræs bataastk
ba tnbns. Sf mór`ujk
caotrks ao jksas qua on as uo
cuastfnoas quatrucn, sfon f`pnrtkotas
sno `ës qua sa muobk`aotk ao aj
‒focjusn sf
asn f`pjfck bkr uo pksn ktrës cukobn tu bfractnr ta pfbk qua babfquas tfa`pn k
ksuotns suparmfcfkjas‒, sarës `ës prnbuctfvn, tu bfractnr sarë `ës prnbuctfvn y, ao
ùjtf`k fostkocfk, jk a`prask sarë `ës prnbuctfvk. Astn sfhofmfck bfoarn ao aj lkocn.
Dkrë qua tu trklkin sak `ës vkjfnsn y qua taohks `ës pnsflfjfbkbas ba kscaobar.
«Luaonµ, ja bfia k Bkva, «kdnrk qua tfaoas aj cnjastarnj kjtn, ¾vks k ck`lfkr ba
bfatk>µ
«Onµ, rapusn cn`n sfa`pra, «`a astny tn`kobn uoks pkstfjjks. @a lkikrë aj
cnjastarnj ao uons bàks, y pnbræ sahufr cn`faobn tnbn jn qua qufark.µ
Rkj vaz `a husta aj ck`fon bfmàcfj. Warn, pnr jn qua sæ, on axfsta pkstfjjk kjhuok
pkrk nltaoar
nltaoar uo kscaosn. Ku Kuoo ksà, ao uo tfa`
tfa`pnpn ao aj qu quaa jns skjkr
skjkrfns
fns astëo
astkockbns n ck
ckyao
yaobn,
bn, kkjj `ao
`aons
ns aass luaon sklar qua axfsta uok
uok mór`u
mór`ujk.
jk.

As onr`kj paoskr qua jks avkjukcfnoas ba jns a`pjakbns sno aj `n`aotn kbacukbn pkrk pabfr uo
ku`aotn. Warn balas prapkrkr ask cnovarskcfóo cno uo kûn ba kotajkcfóo, caotrkrta ao jks
prfnrfbkbas y jnhrkr rasujtkbns. Rn`kr bacfsfnoas cno `ës fotaocfóo y ba mnr`k `ës astrktæhfck cno
raspactn k quæ babfcks tu tfa`pn puaba sar jk bfmaraocfk aotra uok ckrrark astkockbk y ntrk ao
kscaosn.

....
 21

\no on pkrk ba dkljkr

On saks khrkbklja9 sæ ùtfj

\no ark kokjfstk ba uok a`prask ba fovarsfnoas ‒ba prf`ar ofvaj‒, sklàk `ucdn ba
jk cn`pkûàk ba jk qua flk k bfsartkr kota jk iuotk bfractfvk. Burkota uo `foutn, niaó
jks pëhfoks jjaoks ba où`arns qua taoàk mraota k æj y a`pazó k prasaotkr aj cksn.
Kuoqua sa prasaotó k sà `fs`n cn`n uo dn`lra ba où`arns, pkracàk bfsmrutkr
rakj`aota ba astk pkrta ba su trklkin. Ark `atfcujnsn axpnofaobn sus fbaks y sa
aonrhujjacàk ba jk prnmuobfbkb ba su koëjfsfs. ]afota `foutns baspuæs, cukobn kckló
jk rauofóo, Ik`as, aj iama ba jk a`prask, ja khrkbacfó aj trklkin qua dklàk dacdn, y
raskjtó aspacàmfck`aota su axdkustfvk fovastfhkcfóo. \no cn`pjkcfbn snorfó y ja bfn
jks hrkcfks.
Rnbns sa `krcdkrno `aons Ik`as y yn. Ja prahuotæ có`n dklàk vfstn jk rauofóo.
«Dn`lraµ, bfin, «¾cuëj as jk `ainr mnr`k ba trktkr k uo kokjfstk qua on pkrk ba
dkljkr>µ
«¾[ufæo>µ, prahuotæ. «¾\no>µ
«As uo hrko kokjfstk, uo fovarsnr fotajfhaota y uo tfpn ba jn `ës khrkbklja. Warn
dkljk ba`ksfkbn.µ

«Warn
«Sà, aj¡sf ja dks dk
koëjfsfs bfcdn
sfbnqua dk dacdnparn
axcajaota, uo trklkin axcajaota!µ bfin cno uo cdksqufbn.
jk prasaotkcfóo…µ,
«¾Sa jn dks bfcdn>µ
«Sa jn da cn`aotkbn pnr aocf`k, parn on aspacàmfck`aota.µ
«¾Wnr quæ on>µ
«Balaràk dkcarjn.µ
On jn dklàk dacdn.
dacdn. V jk rrkzó
kzóoo as saocfjjk9 Ik`
Ik`as
as as uo lu
luaoao ttfpn.
fpn. Jn cnonz
cnonzcn
cn y as
uok parsnok sncfkj`aota aockotkbnrk. Ouock ja da vfstn dkcar okbk qua pubfark
fotarpratkrsa
fotarpratkr sa ra`nt
ra`ntk`k`aot
aotaa ccn`
n`nn `az
`azqufo
qufonn n rubn. V bacf
bacfrj
rjaa k kjhufao
kjhufao qua on pk
pkrk
rk ba
dkljkr sa parcfla cn`n kjhn `azqufon y rubn.
Warn on jn as.
as . As cn`
cn`pksfvn.
pksfvn.
 Sf on ons bacf`ns jn qua paosk`ns jns uons k jns ntrns, on sara`ns cnoscfaotas
ba ouastrns puotns cfahns. V \no sahufrë dkljkobn y dkljkobn sfo cn`praobar pnr

quæ jn qua bfca on jjahk k jns ba`ës y on tfaoa amactn.

Bacfr jn qua paosk`ns k jns ba`ës as uo kctn ba jakjtkb y cnomfkozk. @uastrk qua
craas ao su ckpkcfbkb pkrk ck`lfkr, qua craas qua uskrëo jk fomnr`kcfóo pkrk sar
`ainras y qua tfaoas ma ao su pntaocfkj. Rk`lfæo as uo sfhon ba cn`prn`fsn cno aj
aqufpn y cno jns nliatfvns y `atks haoarkjas ba jk a`prask. Ao ùjtf`k fostkocfk,

tnbns sn`jnnsskla.
sn`ns
Ik`as rraspnoskljas
aspnoskljas baj æxftn
Warn focjusn æx ftn æj
pkrk cnjactfvn.
‒uo bfractnr haoarkj cn`pataota y vkjfaota‒
as bfmàcfj krtfcujkr jk cràtfck pnrqua pkraca khrasfvk y pnjæ`fck. ¾Balaràk`ns ba
varbkb bacfrja k kjhufao qua dkljk `ucdn> ¾N qua vfsta `kj> ¾N qua pkraca
dfpócrftk> ¾N qua pfsntak k jns ba`ës>
Sfo bubk kjhuok, balaràk`ns bacfrjn.
V on snjn sf aras aj bfractnr haoarkj. Rnbns balaràko bacfr jn qua pfaosko k jns
ba`ës, sfo f`pnrtkr quæ ckrhn aiarcao. Wnrqua, sf jn qua bfcas astë lkskbn ao aj
kpracfn y aj kpnyn k jk ntrk parsno
pars nokk ‒y oonn ao jk ckrf
ckrfbkb
bkb (qua pkraca pktarokjfstk) of
ao aj pnbar (qua puaba du`fjjkr) of ao jk frk (qua as klusfvk)‒, dkcar uok cràtfck
cnostructfvk
cnostruct fvk as uo kctn pr
prnmu
nmuobk`
obk`aotaotaa ccnosfbar
nosfbarkbn.
kbn.
Astn on sfhofmfck qua kcaptkr jks cràtfcks sak mëcfj. Ao aj sfhufaota ckpàtujn, ta
axpjfckræ tnbns jns prnlja`ks qua yn da taofbn pkrk kcaptkr jks cràtfcks, y ta bkræ
kjhuons cnosains pkrk astkr klfartn y kpraobar ba jks cràtfcks qua dkcao jns ba`ës.
Warn, kuoqua crftfckr n racflfr cràtfcks puabk sar bfmàcfj, dkcarja sklar k kjhufao jn
qua tnbn aj `uobn yk skla as jn cnotrkrfn ba khrasfvn. Sar khrasfvn as on crftfckr k
kjhufao klfartk`aota y juahn dkljkr ba ajjn cukobn on astë prasaota. Cruajbkb as
varjns mrkckskr y on kyu
kyubkrjns.
Fróofck`aota, cukobn on cn`pkrtf`ns jks cràtfcks, aj prnlja`k suaja ralrntkr ba
tnbks mnr`ks, yk sak pnr aj cdfs`nrran, pnr uo aomkbn, pnr cn`aotkrfns skrcëstfcns n
pnrqua sa cujpk k jks cjkrks k kqu kquajjk
ajjk parsnok. V asn sà qu quaa as kh
khrasf
rasfvn9
vn9 pksfvn-
khrasfvn.
Wnr uo jkbn, pkrk avftkr asta `kj trkhn, as asaocfkj on pnstarhkr jk cràtfck. Wnr
ntrn jkbn, sf on pkrk`ns ba crftfckrons jns uons k jns ntrns, jk sftukcfóo sa batarfnrk
rëpfbk`
rëpf bk`aot
aota.
a. Ba `nbn qua ¾có`
¾có`nn bal
bala`a`ns
ns klnrb
klnrbkrj
krjn>
n>
Ao prf`ar juhkr, pfba par`fsn. Wnr aia`pjn9 «@a da bkbn cuaotk ba kjhn qua `a
hustkràk cn`pkrtfr cnotfhn. ¾[ufaras nàrjn>µ N, sf`pja`aota9 «¾Wuabn cn`aotkrta
uok cnsk>µ Cukobn bfhko «Sൠ(¾y qufæo on jn bfràk>), aj ck`fon astë kjjkokbn,
tfaoas `ës mkcfjfbkbas pkrk dkljkr y jk ntrk parsnok sa prapkrk pkrk nàr jn qua tfaoas
qua bacfrja.
Ao sahuobn juhkr, on saks avksfvn. Cukobn ons focn`nbk dkcar uok cràtfck,
trktk`ns ba rabucfr aj f`pkctn rabucfaobn jk cràtfck. K vacas, jk aohkjkok`ns cno

bns cu`pjfbns. Warn sar avksfvn bfjuya y cnomuoba aj `aoskia. Ao juhkr ba astn, sæ
cjkrn, cnocfsn y utfjfzk uo aia`pjn sf`pja. Aomktfzk qua as uok cuastfóo ba
cn`pnrtk`faotn, on ba jk parsnok ao sà, y on taohks `fabn ba jns sfjaocfns.
Ao tarcar juhkr, dkzjn k `aoubn. Ksà as cn`n sa crak uok cujturk ao jk qua jks
parsnoks sa klrao y ssno
no sfocarks pkrk lao
laoamfcfn
amfcfn ba tnbns. Sf snjn bks tu npfo
npfofóo
fóo ba

vazWnr
ao supuastn,
cukobn, pk
cukobn, pkraca
raca
on quatus
tnbks astænpfofnoas
muark ba juh
juhkr
kr y qua
tfaoao qu
quaa sar
ssak
ak cràtfcks.
`ës oah
oahktfvk.
ktfvk.
Qok npfofóo pnsftfvk
as axcajaota pkrk ramnrzkr jk cnobuctk prnbuctfvk ba kjhufao, pkrk kof`krja k qua
kprnvacda sus puotns muartas `ës k `aoubn y ba mnr`k `ës amactfvk. Cn`pkrta
mracuaota`aota tus f`prasfnoas pnsftfvks. Warn on jn dkhks kj `fs`n tfa`pn qua
cukobn cn`pkrtas jk cràtfck.
«¾Wuabn bacfrta jn qua pfaosn>µ, ja prahuotæ k Ik`as cukobn kcklk`ns ouastrk
cnovarskcfóo.
«Wnr mkvnrµ, raspno
ras pnobfó.
bfó.
«On bacfrja k \no qua dkljk ba`ksfkbn as pariubfcfkj pkrk æj, pkrk tf y pkrk jk
a`prask. Sæ qua cuastk crftfckr k kjhufao, parn, ao asta cksn ao pkrtfcujkr, on dkcarjn
as uok kctftub oahktfvk. Ja astës pariubfckobn pnrqua on qufaras saotfrta focó`nbn.
Oacasftk y sa `
`araca
araca sklarj
sklarjn,
n, ¾o
¾on craas>µ
Sfjaocfn. Ark uo `n`aotn focó`nbn.
Qo `n`aotn ksà as uo cktkjfzkbnr `khoàmfcn pkrk jk kccfóo. Ik`as jn paosó u
fostkota y juahn cnhfó jk LjkceLarry y ja ascrflfó uo cnrran k \no pkrk qua sa
rauofarko `ës tkrba asa `fs`n bàk.

Kuoqua k `aoubn avftk`ns dkcar cràtfcks pnrqua on quara`ns darfr k ntrk parsnok, jn `ainr y `ës
ùtfj qua puabas dkcar pnr ntrk parsnok as sar sfocarn y bfractn cno ajjk. Mnr`ujkr uok cràtfck cno
raspatn kyubk k mn`aotkr uok rajkcfóo `ës prnmuobk cno jns ba`ës.

....
 2=

«Ba dacdn, dky kjhn qua…µ

Kcaptk aj rahkjn
ba jk cràtfck

«Watar, dky kjhn ba jn qua ta quara`ns dkljkrµ, `a bfin @kre cukobn astëlk`ns
caokobn saotkbns ao jk dfarlk. Ark aj varkon ba ;667, y @kre, \fcd y yn bfrfhàk`ns
uo cursn ba jk Oktfnokj Nutbnnr Jakbarsdfp Scdnnj (ONJS). Raoàk`ns k ouastrn
ckrhn k uons qufoca astubfkotas, burkota uo `as ao aj Xfob \fvar @nuotkfo \koha ba
Xyn`foh. Jns astubfkotas astklko ao sus tfaobks ba ck`pkûk, k puotn ba frsa k
bnr`fr. @fræ k @kre y juahn k \fcd. K`lns taoàko jk `frkbk cjkvkbk ao aj suajn.
«¾[uæ da dacdn>µ, lrn`aæ. \fcd sa `nvfó focó`nbk`aota y @kre cnotfouó9
«Ba dacdn, dky kjhn qua…µ
Saotà qua `fs `ùscujns sa taosklko y qua jk kbraokjfok cnrràk pnr `fs vaoks. @a
bfiarno qua astklk dkljkobn ba`ksfkbn, qua pksklk ba`ksfkbn tfa`pn cno jns
astubfkotas. Waosklko qua taoàk qua tn`kr `ës bfstkocfk, ckjjkr`a `ës. Jas dfca
kjhuoks prahuotks y cn`praobà `ainr jn qua quaràko bacfr, parn cnstklk kcaptkr sus
raspuastks
ras puastks `
`faotrks
faotrks kskj
kskjtklko
tklko `
`ff `ao
`aota
ta tnbn tfpn ba pa
paosk`
osk`faotns9
faotns9
Waosklk qua aj cursn dklàk fbn
f bn k jks `fj `krkvfjjks.
`krkvfj jks. ¾Jn qua qufarao
qufarao as qua sak

cn`n ajjns> Warn ¡sf ajjns sno mràns y bfstkotas! ¡On as `f astfjn! Ao cukjqufar
cksn, ¾sa dko quaikbn jns astubfkotas> ¡Sa balaràk vkjnrkr qua pkskrk tfa`pn cno
jns astubfkotas! V ¾cuëobn da dkljkbn ba `ës> ¾Rfaoao rkzóo> [ufzë on astæ
dacdn pkrk sar uo prnmasnr baj ONJS. ¾Wnr quæ sa astëo kjfkobn cnotrk `à>
Baspuæs ba astk cnovarskcfóo, aj cursn ba asa varkon mua bacapcfnokota. Astklk
cndflfbn, `a saotàk axtrkûn, bubklk ba cukjqufar fotarkccfóo qua taoàk cno jns
astubfkotas n cno `fs cn`pkûarns. Kquaj varkon baiæ qua aj puotn ba vfstk ba \fcd y
@kre ‒pnr `uy kcartkbn qua muark‒ `a sulyuhkrk.
Warn asn ncu
ncurrfó
rrfó dkca vafota kûns. Kd
Kdnrk
nrk kcaptn jks cràtfcks cno mfjnsnmàk.
mfjnsnmàk.
Sà, cjkrn.
Cn`n ascrftnr qua dkljk pùljfck`aota ba sà `fs`n, sny vujoarklja k jks cràtfcks
qua, k vacas, puabao sar `nrbkcas. Qok vaz ascrflà uo krtàcujn snlra có`n
cnovaocar k uo bfractnr pkrk qua bavnjvfark uok cn`prk baspuæs ba dklar pkskbn

jks bns sa`koks ba bavnjucfóo, y `a dfcfarno `ucdks cràtfcks. Bfiarno qua `f

cn`pnrtk`faotn on ark ætfcn, qua ark mkjsn, uo `kofpujkbnr, uo `ktarfkjfstk, ao mfo,
qua ark bapjnrklja.
Asparkb, qufsa bacfr, on `a cnoncæfs. Vn on sny okbk ba tnbn asn . Warn pkrk
`ucdks parsnoks `f krtàcujn cn`uofcklk cjkrk`aota qua yn kctuklk ba ask mnr`k. V

cukobn `a pnr
prancupkbn saotæ
có`nk jnascrflfr
có`n aj sfhufaota krtàcujn, astklk fobacfsn, fosahurn,
flko k racflfr.
Cukjqufar cràtfck puaba sar bfmàcfj ba kcaptkr. Warn cukobn on jk aspark`ns ‒
cukobn pkraca skjfr ba jk okbk, snlra kjhn qua on da`ns parcflfbn‒, as tnbkvàk
`ës burk. Jn `ës prnlklja as qua ons jk tn`a`ns k jk bamaosfvk.
Aj ratn ba kcaptkr jks cràtfcks on as snjn kcaptkrjks, sfon parcflfr jks. Kotas ba
parcflfrjks
pnbar kcaptkr kjhn, tao
taoa`
a`ns
ns qu
quaa sar cno
cnoscfaot
scfaotas
as ba ajjn. Cn`
Cn`nn jk cràtfck qua
qua `a
dfcfarno ao aj cursn ba ONJS, jks cràtfcks k `f krtàcujn `a carrkrno ao lkobk. On
taoàk of fbak ba qua jk haota muark k rakccfnokr ksà, on ark cnoscfaota ba qua astklk
ascrflfaobn kjhn pnjæ`fcn. Asta tfpn ba cràtfcks ta axpnoao mraota k tf `fs`n, y astk
as jk rkzóo ba qua sako tko bascnocartkotas y ba qua su vkjnr sak axcapcfnokj.
Rk`lfæo as jk rkzóo ba qua pnoarons k jk bamaosfvk sak tko prabacflja y tko
cnotrkprnbucaota. Wracfsk`aota pnrqua as jn qua `ës oacasftk`ns ascucdkr,
trktk`ns ba on ascucdkrjn ba ofohuok `koark.
Wkrk qua jks cràtfcks pnr snrprask sako prnbuctfvks, oacasftk`ns uo pjko. Cukobn
a`pfacas k ascucdkr jk cràtfck y sfaotks jk kbraokjfok, cëj`kta, raspfrk dnobn y dkz
jn sfhufaot
sfhufaota9
a9

Baik tus
t us saotf`faot ns ba jkbn.
s aotf`faotns Jk jjk`k`ns cràtfck cnostructfvk, y suaja sarjn. Warn
tk`lfæo puaba sar bnjnrnsk, bascnocartkota y ons jk pnba`ns tn`kr parsnokj`aota.
Warcfla y sæ cnoscfaota ba jns saotf`faotns ba bnjnr, aomkbn, varhúaozk, ckraocfk n
ba cukjqufar cnsk qua surik. \acnoócajns ‒focjusn, atfquætkjns‒ y juahn bæikjns
ba jkbn pkrk qua on fotarmfarko ao jn qua astës ascucdkobn.

n ta quabas cno jk mnr`k. As bfmàcfj crftfckr, y puaba qua qufao jn dkhk on astæ
bntkbn pkrk ajjn. Kuoqua jk axprasao `kj on qufara bacfr qua on sak vkjfnsk of qua
on puabks kpraobar ba ajjk. On tnbn jn qua axprasao jn dkrëo pnofæobnsa ao tu juhkr,
caotrëobnsa ao aj cn`pnrtk`faotn y `nstrkobn a`pktàk. Avftk cnomuobfr jk mnr`k cn
aj cnotaofbn.
 n ta `uastras ao kcuarbn n ao baskcuarbn. Jf`àtkta k prastkr ktaocfóo k jns
bktns. Sf prascfobas ba jk oacasfbkb ba raspnobar, rabucfrës tus `ackofs`ns
bamaosfvns y baikrës aspkcfn pkrk ascucdkr ba varbkb. Jks cràtfcks sno fomnr`kcfó

ùtfj snlra có`n ta parcfla kjhufao. Ksahùrkta ba cn`praobarjn lfao. Astn sfhofmfck
dkcar prahuotks pkrk prnmuobfzkr ao jn qua ta astëo bfcfaobn. Snobak. Wfba aia`pjns.
Rk`lfæo puabas dkcar ba klnhkbn baj bfkljn y cn`prnlkr sf jns muobk`aotns ba jk
cràtfck sno sójfbns, cno jk fotaocfóo ba cn`praobarjk `ainr. Sf craas qua astn puaba
pkracar bamao
bamaosfvn,
sfvn, aotnocas
aotnocas fobkh
fobkhkk ao jk cràtfck cno uuook tarcark par
parsnok.
snok. B
Baspuæs
aspuæs ba
qua crftfckrko `f krtàcujn, prahuotæ k vkrfks parsnoks ‒k`fhns àotf`ns qua `a
cnoncao lfao y sno sfocarns cno`fhn‒ sf paosklko jn `fs`n qua jns qua `a
crftfcklko.

bfst kocfk, bacfba quæ dkcar.

Baspuæs, tn`kobn bfstkocfk, Jns bktns rkrk vaz prnvncko uok
kccfóo, sfon qua snjn suajao fomnr`kr. Sklar qua jk bacfsfóo y aj pnbar ba ck`lfkr
astë ao tus `kons ta kyubkrë k astkr klfartn kj ck`lfn. Cukobn ta dkyks bkbn tfa`pn,
aspkcfn y ta sfaotks `ës sahurn, pfaosk ao jn qua dks nàbn ‒jn qua ta bfcao jns bktns
‒ y bacfba sf qufaras ck`
ck`lfkr,
lfkr, quæ qufaras
qufaras ck`lfkr y có`n
có`n qu
qufaras
faras dkcarjn.

K vacas, bacfbfrës ck`lfkr tu cn`pnrtk`faotn. Da kpraobfbn `ucdn jayaobn

cn`aotkrfns k `fs krtàcujns y cn`aotëobnjns cno ntrks parsnoks. Basculrà qua jn
qua yn cnosfbarklk cn`n uok lrn`k, pkrk ntrns ark nmaosfvn, qua axparf`aotkr a
`f prnpfn laoamfcfn as ætfck`aota cuastfnoklja, qua aj `aoskia sa puaba parbar sf
jns aia`pjns sno pnjæ`fcns, y qua taohn qua sar cufbkbnsn ao on pnoar `fs
oacasfbkbas pnr ao
aocf`
cf`kk ba jjks
ks ba jns ba`
ba`ës.
ës.
Warn, k vacas, bacfbfrës on `nbfmfckr tu cn`pnrtk`faotn, y qua as `ainr sahufr
sfaobn aj `fs`n y ck`lfkr tu aotnron. Baspuæs ba kquaj cursn ba ONJS, `a
aockrhuæ ba `ucdns ntrns, parn ouock `a pkracfó qua pubfark cu`pjfr jks
axpactktfvks ba `fs cn`pkûarns9 sar sfjaocfnsn, kutnrftkrfn, uo axcursfnofstk
jfhark`
jf hark`aot
aotaa bfs
bfstko
tkota.
ta.
Kj mfokj, baiæ ONJ
ONJS Sy``aa uo
uoàà kkjj Dky
DkyHrnup,
Hrnup, uo
uokk a`prask ba ks
ksasnr
asnràk
àk ao jk zno
znokk ba
Ouavk
Ou avk VVnre.
nre. \acu
\acuarbn
arbn qua jk prf`
prf`ark ark ssa`
a`ko
kokk tu
tuvf`
vf`ns
ns uok
uok rauo
rauofóo
fóo tajamóo
tajamóofck
fck ccno
no uuoo
cjfaota baj qua sa ncupklk Koby Hajjar, uon ba jns iamas. Vn astklk `uy ckjjkbn.
Baspuæs ba uons vafota `foutns, Koby pujsó aj lntóo ba sfjaocfkr y `a bfin9 «Watar,
bf kjhn. Jn qua sak. Sæ qua puabas kûkbfr vkjnr k astk rauofóo y aj cjfaota tk`lfæ
tfaoaa qua sklar
tfao sklarjnµ.
jnµ.
]njvfó aj snofbn, yn snoraà y paosæ9 ¾Dkljkr `ës> ¡@a aockotk astn ba jk
ksasnràk!
Jk próxf`k vaz qua ta sfaotks ljnquakbn pnrqua ta crftfcko, on rakccfnoas k jk bamaosfvk. Jk cràtfck

puaba sar uo rahkjn focraàlja sf puabas ckj`krta, baikr ba jkbn tus saotf`faotns y jk mnr`k ao qua jk
dkca
dkcao,
o, kcaptk
kcaptkrr jns bktns y, ju
juaa hn, bacfbfr qu
quææ dk
dkca
carr cno ajjns
ajjns..

....
 28

Jjnrkr pnr uo ra
Jjnrkr rahk
hkjn
jn
Crak uo aspkcfn
ba sahurfbkb pkrk tf
y pkrk jns ba`ës

«¡Wnr mkvnr, pkpë, pnr mkvnr! ¾¾Wnba`

Wnba`ns
ns klr
klrfr
fr jns rahkjns yk>µ
Ark jk tarcark oncda ba jk mfastk ba Ikoucë y Ajakonr, ouastrns tras dfins y yn
dklàk`ns vuajtn k cksk baspuæs ba jk mfastk.
«¾On dklæfs taofbn yk sumfcfaotas rahkjns ao jk mfastk>µ, prahuotæ.
Ark uok prahuotk fbfntk.
«Ba kcuarbnµ, cnovfoa. «Kbajkota.µ
Bashkrrkrno
Bash krrkrno jns ao
aovnjtnrfns
vnjtnrfns pkrk klr
klrfr
fr jns rahkjns. Waquaû
Waquaûns
ns mkrnjas ba cuaotn
cuaotn ba
dkbks. Cukobn a`pazkrno k iuhkr cno ajjns, uok ba `fs dfiks vfn qua su mkrnj ark
bfmaraota kj ba su dar`kok y a`pazó k jjnrfquakr.
«Jk pnrtazuajk ba `f mkrnj on sa klra. V on tfaoa `ùsfck.µ
[uæ baskhrkbacfbk, paosæ, y raspfræ dnobn pkrk on bkrja uok `kjk raspuastk. @a
krrapaotà ba fo`abfktn pnr baikrjk quabkrsa baspfartk dkstk tko tkrba, cn`ar tkotn
kzùckr ao jk mfastk y klrfr kquaj ùjtf`n rahkjn. Cukobn a`pazó k jjnrkr ba varbkb,

pksæ bajmajfz
saotfrsa
saotfrsa ao
aomkbn
mkbn
pnr kracflfr
jk rkzóo
rkzóo.
racflf . ns
r tkot
tkotnsJarrah
bfia qu
quaa k`
ahkjns.
kjns. k`lns
lns rahkjns arko lnoftns
lnoftns y qu
quaa balaràk
«Jn sæ, pkpë, jn sfaotn. Onr`kj`aota, `a aockotko jns rahkjns. Warn astk vaz… on
jn sæ. ¾Wnr quæ on sa klra `f pnrtazuajk>µ
On astklk aoaomkbkbk,
mkbkbk, sfon trfsta, y astn `a kljkobó jn lkstkolkstkota
ta cn`
cn`nn pkrk nàr jk
vnz ba Ajakonr ao `f cklazk9 Ascucdk jn qua sfaot sfaota.
a. \apfta jn qua nyas. Sæ uo
aspain. Wksæ ba jk rkzóo k jk cn`pksfóo.
«Jk`aotn qua on ta dkyk hustkbn aj rahkjn. Suajao dkcarta saotfr lfao, parn astk
vaz on. Astës trfsta pnrqua jk pnrtazuajk on sa klra y jk ba tu dar`kok sà.µ
Sfhufó jjnrkobn. Warn, pkrk `f snrprask, jk ckusk ba pnr quæ jjnrklk ck`lfó ba
hnjpa.
 «Jas astklk aosaûkobn k tnbns có`n dkcar nrfhk`f y tnbn flk lfao, parn juahn
Rk``y tk`lfæo a`pazó k aosaûkrjas, y yn ja cnhà su nrfhk`f. On sæ pnr quæ jn dfca.

On pnbàk cno
cnotrnjkrjn.
trnjkrjn. Warbà jk cklazk, y juah
juahnn jns ba`ës
ba`ës yk on qu
quaràko
aràko qua
qua jas
aosaûkrk okbk. Vk on quarà
quaràko
ko iuh
iuhkr
kr cno`
cno`fhn.µ
fhn.µ
«¾Astës dkljkobn ba jk mfastk, ckrfûn>µ
«Sàµ, raspnobfó snjjnzkobn, «ao jk mfastk. On sæ pnr quæ jn dfca. V juahn
`notkrno uok lkobk ba `ùsfck, parn on `a baikrno aotrkr, parn yn taoàk `ucdks

hkoks.µ
Kdnrk ark yn qufao astklk jjnrkobn cno ajjk. [uaràk tkotn taoar k`fhns, y jn
fotao
fotaotklk
tklk cno tnbks su
suss mu
muarzks,
arzks, parn ja cnstklk. Wnr asn jjnró
j jnró kj racflf
racflfrr aj rahkjn. Sa
dklàk astkbn
as tkbn cnotao
cnotaofaobn
faobn tnbk jk oncd
oncdaa y yk on pnbàk `ës.
@a snjàk prahuotkr pnr quæ `f dfik sa bas`nrnoklk kj jjahkr k cksk9 ¾quæ
astëlk`ns dkcfaobn `kj> Warn da jjahkbn k jk cnocjusfóo ba qua ajjk sa
bas`nrnoklk pnr kjhn qua, ba dacdn, dkcàk`ns lfao.
Aj `uobn puaba sar uo juhkr burn. On sfa`pra pnba`ns axpnoar ouastrns
saotf`faotns k jns ba`ës. Aj dnhkr ‒cno Ajakonr, cno`fhn‒ as uo juhkr sahurn ao
aj qua puaba saotfr sfo jf`ftkcfnoas. Bas`nrnokrsa, raspfrkr dnobn y racn`pnoarsa.
Sklar qua sus saotf`faotns sa racflao cno k`nr, cno cn`praosfóo, cno kprnlkcfóo.
Astk as uok dfstnrfk ba `f dnhkr y ba `f dfik, parn tk`lfæo as uok dfstnrfk ba
ouastrns juhkras ba trklkin y ouastrns a`pjakbns, bfractnras, cnjahks y cjfaotas.
¾K`nr, kprnlkcfóo, cn`praosfóo ao jk nmfcfok> ¾Ba varbkb> ¾[uæ tfaoa astn qua
var cno aj raobf`faotn>
Rnbn.
Qo hrupn rfoba `ainr cukobn sus cn`pnoaotas puabao cnomfkr ao jns ba`ës y
bapaobar ba ajjns. Aotnocas, trkspksko jns cn`pkrtf`aotns astkocns. Sa
raspnosklfjfzko ba sus arrnras ao juhkr ba cujpkr k jns ba`ës. Sa ncupko ba jns
prnlja`ks
prnlja` ks kotas
kotas ba qua sa cno
cnovfartko
vfartko ao nlstëcu
nlstëcujns
jns f`pnrt
f`pnrtkot
kotas.
as. Warn sf jjks
ks parsnoks
tfaoao qua prancupkrsa pnr ncujtkr sus saotf`faotns, ask aoarhàk taobrë
cnosacuaocfks oahktfvks, y jk mkjtk ba cnomfkozk sklntakrë jns asmuarzns ba uons y
ntrns.
Sf ao juhkr ba sar cn`praosfvn dulfark sfbn sf`pja`aota rkcfnokj, `f dfik sa
dklràk saotfbn panr. Ouock dklràk jjahkbn k jk ckusk ba su trfstazk y on dklràk
pnbfbn kyubkrjk
kyubkrjk ba var
varbkb
bkb ao jn qu
quaa ja ff`
`pnrtklk, as bacfr, có`
có`nn sa jj
jjavklk
avklk cno sususs
k`fhns.
¾Có`n sa dkca> Ba dacdn, as `uy saocfjjn. \aspfrk dnobn y ascucdk sus
saotf`faotns.
saotf `faotns. \apfta jn qua nyas. Sæ uo aspain.
aspai n.
 Sf as tko mëcfj, ¾pnr quæ on jn dkca`ns sfa`pra> Wnrqua tk`lfæo dky uok pkrta
bfmàcfj9 hastfnokr tu prnpfn `kjastkr. ¾Wuabas kcaptkr jns saotf`faotns ba jns ba`ës>
¾Wuabas ascucdkrjns sfo iuzhkrjns> ¾Wuabas ascucdkrjns focjusn cukobn ta sfaotas

k`aokzkbn>
Cukobn jjavæ k `f dfik k jk ck`k, `a pfbfó qua `a astfrkrk cno ajjk y qua
dkljërk`ns, y ksà jn dfcf`ns. Sa bfscujpó pnr su rakccfóo kj racflfr aj rahkjn,
kuoqua, `a bfin, kùo pramaràk qua su pnrtazuajk pubfark klrfrsa.
«Vk jn sæ, ckrfûn. Jk`aotn qua on sa klrk. V tk`lfæo jk`aotn qua on jn pkskrks
lfao ao jkjkmfastk.µ
Hfró ckrk dkcfk jk pkrab y carró jns nins. Duln uo `n`aotn ba sfjaocfn y
pkracfó qua flk k bnr`frsa.
bnr`frsa. Juah
Juahnn `
`aa cnh
cnhfó
fó jk `
`kon
kon y jk klrkzó ao su pacdn.
pacdn.
«Ra qufarn, pkpë.µ
«Vn tk`lfæo ta qufarn, cfajn.µ
V, kj bnr`frons, aj ùjtf`n rahkjn qua racflfó ask oncda ‒jk kprnlkcfóo‒
tk`lfæo mua uo rahkjn pkrk `à.

Jk taobaocfk
oahktfvks k ncujtkr
y `fok jns asmuarzns.
ouastrns saotf`faotns
Craksuaja sar cnotrkprnbucaota,
uo aotnron sahurn pkrk tf pnrqua tfaoa
y pkrk jns cnosacuaocfks
ba`ës pkrk qua
puabks raobfr kj `ëxf`n.

....
 24

On `a pfarbn okbk
Baik ba `frkr aj cnrran
ajactró
ajactróofcn
ofcn

On dkca `ucd
`ucdn,
n, ``aa tn`
tn`ææ uo
uokk ssa`
a`ko
kokk ba vkckcfnoas cno `
`ff mk`
mk`fjf
fjfkk y sf
sfoo ttacon
aconjnhàk9
jnhàk9
sfo nrbaokbnr, sfo
sf o tajæm
tajæmno
non,
n, sf
sfoo cnrran ajactróofcn.
Baspuæs baj vfkia, cukobn vnjvà kj baspkcdn y `fræ aj cnrran, taoàk cfaotns ba
`aoskias asparëobn`a. \aspfræ dnobn y a`pacæ k `frkrjns uon k uon. Rras dnrks
baspuæs, jk lkobaik ba aotrkbk ‒cno jns `aoskias ba tnbk uok sa`kok‒ astklk
vkcàk.
Cn`pkrk astn cno `f axparfaocfk kj bàk sfhufaota, y ckbk bàk baspuæs ba kquaj,
cukobn babfcn `ës ba tras dnrks ckbk bàk k `frkr aj cnrran.
Wkrta ba asa tfa`pn jn babfcn k uok suarta ba cnovarskcfnoas pnr cnrran, parn
fhukj`aota jk bfmaraocfk as aspactkcujkr.
Da jjahkbn k jk cnocjusfóo ba qua usn aj cnrran ajactróofcn pkrk bfstrkar`a.
Sfa`pra qua `a sfaotn uo pncn focó`nbn, `frn aj cnrran. ¾Astkockbn ao jk ascrfturk
ba uo krtàcujn> ¾Klurrfbn ba uok cnovarskcfóo tajamóofck> ¾Ao aj kscaosnr, mrustrkbn
ao uok rauofóo, kohustfkbn pnr uok cnovarskcfóo> Wuas `frn aj cnrran. As uok
`koark n`ofprasaota
Jn qua dkca qua ajycnrran
mëcfj basak
ajubfr `f saoskcfóo
ktrkctfvn as qua asbaktrkctfvn.
focn`nbfbkb.
¾Dklrë jjahkbn kjhù
`aoskia k jk lkobaik ba aotrkbk> As a`ncfnokota, y tk`lfæo pkraca jahàtf`n,
raspnosklja. Astny trklkikobn. Raohn qua ksahurkr`a ba qua on `a pfarbn uo
`aoskia f`pnrtkota n ba qua tkrbn `ës ba jn cnovaofaota ao raspnobar.
Warn sa dk cnovartfbn ao uo prnlja`k sarfn. Sf on cnotrnjk`ns asta dëlftn cno jns
cnrrans, ons cnotrnjko ajjns k onsntrns. Rnbks jks parsnoks qua cno cnonzcn
nzcn sa quaiko ba
jk snlrackrhk ba cnrrans. Sfhuao jjahkobn k jk lkobaik ba aotrkbk, sfo pkusk. V,
cn`n kbfctns, jns `frk`ns focaskota`aota, bfstrkyæobnons ao rauofnoas,
cnovarskcfnoas, tfa`pn parsnokj n cukjqufar cnsk qua asta`ns dkcfaobn.
Aj prnlja`k on as snjn jk kluobkocfk ba cnrrans, as jk foamfckcfk cno qua jk
 Aj prnlja`k on as snjn jk kluobkocfk ba cnrrans, as jk foamfckcfk cno qua jk
hastfnok`ns. Ckbk vaz qua `frk`ns aj cnrran, parba`ns tfa`pn skckobn aj `óvfj,
ckrhkobn jk pëhfok, jayaobn cnrrans sfo aockrhkrons ba ajjns, rajayaobn jns qua

tnbkvàk on da`ns raspnobfbn. Juahn, ba ouavn mraota kj nrbaokbnr, jns vnjva`ns k

rajaar.
Astk foamfckcfk ons astë klru`kobn. Sahùo QSK Rnbky , aj où`arn ba ba`kobks
pnr dn
dnrks
rks axtrknrbfokrfks
axtrknrbfokrfks foiu
foiustks
stks dk ku
ku`
`aot
aotkbn
kbn uo 3< pnr cfaotn
cfaotn basba <774. ¾Jk
rkzóo prfocfpkj ba asta ku`aotn> Jns cnrrans ao bfspnsftfvns cn`n jns tajæmnons sa

astëo fo`fsc
fo`fscuy
uyaobn
aobn ao ou
ouastrk
astrk vfbk pars
parsnokj.
nokj.;<
;<
Cran qua jk snjucfóo sa dkjjk ao jn qua `a ncurrfó baspuæs ba jks vkckcfnoas. A
juhkr ba `frkr aj cnrran cnotfouk`aota y basba bfmaraotas bfspnsftfvns, jn `ainr as
mfikrsa uo tfa`pn batar`fokbn ckbk bàk pkrk `frkrjns basba aj nrbaokbnr. Aj rastn
baj tfa`pn,
tfa`pn, sno vkckcfnoas baj cnrr
cnrran.
an.
Sn`ns `ës amfckcas cukobn `frk`ns tnbns jns cnrrans k jk vaz ao aj nrbaokbnr.
Sn`ns `ës rëpfbns, pnba`ns kccabar k jns krcdfvns qua oacasftk`ns y k ntrns
prnhrk`ks
prnhrk` ks cn`
cn`nn jk kh
khaob
aobk.
k. Rk`
k`lfæo,
lfæo, kj babfckr uo tfa`pn
tfa`pn aspacàmfcn pkrk jns
cnrrans, ons ncupk`ns ba ajjns ba varbkb. Astk`ns `ës cnocaotrkbns, `ës

`ntfvkbns y on parba`ns
Babfcn onvaotk `foutnstfa`pn
kj bàk kj
aock`lfkr ba uok
tras tkobks kctfvfbkb
ba trafotk k ntrk.
‒uok pnr jk `kûkok, ntrk
kj `abfnbàk y jk ùjtf`k pnr jk oncda, kotas ba kpkhkr aj nrbaokbnr‒ k `frkr jns
cnrrans. Qtfjfzn uo ta`pnrfzkbnr y, cukobn suaok jk kjkr`k, cfarrn aj prnhrk`k ba
jns cnrrans. Muark ba asta tfa`pn aspacàmfcn, on `frn aj cnrran basba ofohù
bfspnsftfvn.
bfspnsf tfvn. V snjn jns `frn pnr aj `óvfj
`óvfj ssff astny sfo nrbao
nrbaokbnr
kbnr tnbn aj bàk.
bà k.
Aj cnrran as jk kpjfckcfóo parmactk ba jn qua jjk`n «kccfóo-fokccfóoµ. Cukobn
`fras jns cnrrans, babàckta k ajjn cn`pjatk`aota y on dkhks okbk `ës. V cukobn on
sak aj `n`aotn ba `frkrjns, on jn dkhks. Cukobn surik jk taotkcfóo ba `frkrjns ‒y
surha k `aoubn‒, raspfrk dnobn y jf`àtkta k parcflfr jn qua astës sfotfaobn. V juahn
cnocæotrkta
cnocæot rkta aaoo jn qua as
astæs
tæs dkcfaobn, kkuo
uoqua
qua snjn astæs aspa
asparkobn.
rkobn. Baik qua tu `aota
aota
sa rajkia.
On ta
ta parbarës okbk.
Ba dacdn, as iustn jn cnotrkrfn. Astny `ës prasaota burkota tnbn aj bàk. @a
cnocaotrn ao jn qua taohn kjrababnr ao kquaj `n`aotn, sfo bfstrkar`a. Ascucdn cn
`ës ktaocfóo, ontn jks rakccfnoas sutfjas ba jns ba`ës qua ba ntrk `koark `a
pkskràko
pkskrà ko baskparcflf
baskparcflfbks
bks y, `fao
`faotrks
trks `f `aoaota
ta bfvkhk, ssaa `a ncu
ncurrao
rrao `ës
`ës fbaks. Sny
`ës prnbuctfvn, `ës saosflja, `ës craktfvn y `ës majfz.
Rk`lfæo rasuajvn jns cnrrans cno `kynr rkpfbaz y prastëobnjas `ës ktaocfóo. On
cn`atn arrnras pnr fr cno prfsks, cn`n cnpfkr k jk parsnok aqufvnckbk n aovfkr u
cnrran kotas ba kcklkrjn n ascrflfr kjhn dfrfaota. Sny `ucdn `ës amfcfaota.
Warn ¾y sf kjhufao oacasftk uok raspuastk fo`abfktk> Wrancupkrsa pnr astn as

pracfs k`aot
pracfsk` aotaa aj tfpn ba rkcfnokjfzkcfóo aqufvnckbk qua rramu
amuarzk
arzk jk kbfccfóo. Okbfa
sa dk aomkbkbn basba qua utfjfzn asta ouavn prncasn. Ba dacdn, cran qua okbfa sa dk
bkbn cuaotk ba `fs `fofvkckcfnoas baj cnrran pnrqua raspnobar k uo cnrran ao uoks
pncks dnrks as parmact
parmactk`
k`ao
aota
ta rkzno
rkznoklja.
klja. V, ao aj cksn ba qua
qua oacasftao rakj`
rakj`ao
aota
ta
uok raspuastk ao pncns `foutns, dkjjkrëo ntrk mnr`k ba cnotkctkr cno`fhn, yk sak

aovfëobn`a uo `aoskia
Jns cnrrans ba taxtn
yk on sno n jjk`ëobn`a.
uok ckrhk klru`kbnrk pkrk `à. Jas babfcn uok dnrk y
`abfk kj bàk, jn cukj `a pkraca sumfcfaota. Wuaba qua tù oacasftas `ës n `aons
tfa`pn. Wrualk y mfik uoks mrkoiks dnrkrfks kbacukbks.
Jn qua `ës cuastk as rasfstfrsa k jk taotkcfóo ba `frkr aj cnrran cukobn on balas.
¾@f cnosain> Cukobn taohks jk oacasfbkb ba `frkr aj cnrran, `àrkta k tf `fs`n.
¾[uæ ta astë ncurrfaobn> ¾[uæ sfaotas> \aspfrk dnobn y rajëikta ao uo `n`aotn ba
on bfstrkccfóo.
Wnr uo `n`aotn, ao `abfn ba uo bàk ckrhkbn ba trklkin, ta pkracarë cn`n sf
astuvfarks
astuvfarks ba vkckcfnoas.

Wkrk `ainrkr jk prnbuctfvfbkb, `frk aj cnrran snjn ao kjhuons `n`aotns batar`fokbns baj bàk.
Cukobn sfaotks jk taotkcfóo ba `frkr jk lkobaik ba aotrkbk, raspfrk dnobn y `àrkta k tf `fs`n.

....
;< Wkuj Bkvfbsno, «@nra K`arfcko Xnrears Sua A`pjnyars mnr Nvartf`a Wkyµ, QSK Rnbky , ;6 ba klrfj, <;7<,
dttp9//usktnbky37.usktnbky.cn`/`noay/inlcaotar/wnrepjkca/stnry/<7;<-72-;1/wnrears-sua-uopkfb-
nvartf`a/1237;882/;..
nvartf`a/1237;882/;
 26

Jk rahjk baj On-WnwarWnfot

Kpuastkk pnr jks rauofnoas
Kpuast
fomnr`kja
fomn r`kjass

«Mua tarrflja. On snjn astklk klurrfbn yn. Rnbn aj `uobn astklk klurrfbn.
Bascnoactkbn. As uo arrnr qua par`ftk asta tfpn ba rauofnoas. Warn sno `uy
f`pnrtkotas. Raohn qua `ainrkrjks. Raohn qua aocnotrkr uok mnr`k ba dkcarjn
`ainr.µ
Ascrflà astks mrksas ao uok pëhfok ba `f bfkrfn dkca sfata kûns. Rnbkvàk racuarbn
jk rauofóo qua mfokj`aota `a dfzn ck`lfkr có`n nrhkofzn jks rauofnoas. Dklàk uoks
bfaz parsnoks ‒aj bfractnr haoarkj y sus kyubkotas bfractns‒ y ons aocnotrk`ns a
uo dntaj burkota bns bàks pkrk qua on ons bfstrkiarko. Aj nliatfvn ark balktfr y
kcnrbkr jk astrktah
as trktahfk
fk pkrk
pkr k aj próxf`
próxf`nn kûn.
Jn dklàk prapkrkbn tnbn `atfcujnsk`aota. @a rauoà parsnokj`aota cno ckbk uok
ba jks parsnoks baj aqufpn y racnpfjæ sus fbaks snlra jk astrktahfk ba jk a`prask y
quæ nlstëcujns pnbràk dklar qua f`pfbfarko su cnrractk aiacucfóo. Cno jn qua `a
bfiarno, bfsaûæ aj prnhrk`k ba jns bns bàks y ja pabà k ckbk uon ba ajjns qua
prapkrkrko
prapkrkr ko uok prasaot
prasaotkcfóo
kcfóo WnwarWnfot
WnwarWnfot pkrk jk astrktahfk
astrktahfk ba su ërak.
¾Aj rasujtkbn>
astrktahfk, jns ba`ësCkbkdkcàko
vaz qua sa astks
uok ba javkotklk uon babascnoactkrsa
bns cnsks9 ajjns pkrk prasaotkr s
n acdkr jks
astrktahfks
astrktahfks pnr tfarrk.
Jk `kynràk ba jks prasaotkcfnoas prnvncko astks rakccfnoas pnrqua astëo pujfbks,
sno `atfcujnsks y astëo bfsaûkbks pkrk sktfsmkcar kj pùljfcn, ksà cn`n pkrk bkr jk
saoskcfóo ba qua aj nrkbnr skla ba quæ astë dkljkobn. Jk haota sa bascnoactk pnrqua
on jas axfhao okbk. N acdko pnr tfarrk jn qua nyao pnrqua, sf on bascnoactko, as jn
`ës fotaraskota qua puabao dkcar cukobn kjhufao fotaotk ba`nstrkr qua jn tfaoa tnbn
cnotrnjkbn.

Ksà qua burkota jns sfata kûns sfhufaotas, da astkbn axparf`aotkobn cno jks
rauofnoas. Da prnpuastn kctfvfbkbas pkrk ramnrzkr aj aqufpn, da astkbn prasaota ao jk
skjk burkota tnbk jk rauofóo, jns da baikbn snjns, da aosaûkbn tæcofcks lësfcks, có`n
cn`uofckrsa y hastfnokr bfoë`fcks ba aqufpn, da baikbn qua aj bfractnr haoarkj

bfrfhfark jk rauofóo, `a jn da jjavkbn muark, y da prnlkbn cno vkrfks bncaoks ba

pnsflfjfbkbas
pnsflfj fbkbas `
`ës.
ës.
Cno aj tfa`pn, da fbaotfmfckbn uo mkctnr qua `krck jk `kynr bfmaraocfk aotra uok
hrko rauofóo y ntrk pæsf`k9 aj WnwarWnfot. Jks `ainras rauofnoas prascfoba
cn`pjatk`aota ba æj.

Jks prasaotkcfnoas
caotrko ba WnwarWnfot
ao jks raspuastks kcklko`frk
y tnbn aj `uobn sfaobn,
uokfoavftklja`aota,
pkotkjjk. Warn ao `noójnhns.
uok rauofóSa
balaràk dklar cnovarskcfnoas. Balaràk caotrkrsa ao prahuotks, on ao raspuastks, y
jks parsnoks balaràko `frkrsa k jns nins. Sæ qua pkraca uok jncurk, parn focjusn da
paoskbn
pao skbn qua aj zu
zu``lfbn baj prnyact
prnyactnr
nr sklntak aj bfëjnhn.
Jks rauofnoas tk`lfæo kbqufarao uo pracfn basnrlftkbn sf iuotks k vkrfks parsnoks
`uy lfao ra`uoarkbks ao uok `fs`k skjk kj `fs`n tfa`pn. Astks parsnoks sa
balaràko kprnvacdkr cukobn oacasftks prnmuobfzkr ao ksuotns ba f`pnrtkocfk, on
cukobn sa qufarao pnoar kj bàk jns prnhrasns ba ckbk uon.
Wrualk ntrk cnsk. Ao juhkr ba prapkrkr prasaotkcfnoas ba WnwarWnfot cjkrks y
pnobarkbks
pno barkbks (kba`ës
(kba`ës ba klu klurrfbks
rrfbks),
), dkz rauo
rauofnoas
fnoas fom
fomnr`
nr`kjas
kjas cno rntkm
rntkmnjfns
njfns pkrk
kpuotkr jks cuastfnoas f`pnrtkotas, skck cnocjusfnoas y kcuarbk pjkoas ba kccfóo cn
pjkzns y raspnoskljas batar`
batar`fokbns.
fokbns.
Kj mfokj ba jk rauofóo, baik uo pncn ba tfa`pn pkrk baskrrnjjkr pjkoas ba
cn`uofckcfóo qua bfmuobko jks bacfsfnoas. Sfa`pra `a snrpraoba cuëotks
focnosfstaocfks y baskcuarbns surhao cukobn jjahk aj `n`aotn ba mfikr cno pracfsfó
quæ sa vk k cn`uofckr.
Dky, pnr supuastn, `ucdks ntrks cnsks qua kyubko k qua uok rauofóo sak
mructàmark. Warn jk rahjk baj On-WnwarWnfot tfaoa uo amactn f`pnrtkota pnrqua
mnckjfzk jk aoarhàk
aoarhàk bno
bnoba
ba balarà
balaràkk astkr9 ao rasnjvar prnlja`ks
prnlja`ks iiuuot
otns.
ns.
Sfa`pra `a pnohn uo pncn oarvfnsn cukobn baln bfrfhfr uok rauofóo pnrqua, sf
vk lfao, as f`prabacflja. Kpkracao fbaks, prnpuastks y snjucfnoas qua ouock
dulfarko axfstfbn sfo jk cnjklnrkcfóo ba jks parsnoks qua astëo ao jk skjk. A
cukjqufar `n`aotn tk`lfæo puaba astkjjkr uok bfscusfóo. Warn jn qua dkca qua jks
rauofnoas sako f`prabacfljas tk`lfæo dkca qua sako a`ncfnokotas y vkjfnsks.
Jk sa`kok pkskbk `a pksæ bns bàks bfrfhfaobn aj pjko ba kccfóo baj bfractnr
haoarkj y su aqufpn ba uok f`pnrtkota a`prask taconjóhfck qua astë vfvfaobn jns
prnlja`ks
prnlja` ks pnsftfvns, parn
par n `
`uuy rakjas, qu
quaa kcn`
kcn`pkûko
pkûko k uuoo cracf`
cracf`faot
faotnn rëpfbn. Ckbk
aiacutfvn bfn uok cdkrjk, y ckbk cdkrjk tar`foó cno uo pjko ba kccfóo cnosaosukbn
cno pjkzns y raspnoskljas batar`fokbns. V cnosfhufarno tnbn astn sfo aj zu`lfbn ba
mnobn ba uo prnyactnr.
Kj mfokj ba jk rauofóo, baspuæs ba uok cnovarskcfóo ba bns dnrks snlra có`n

trkos`ftfr jks bacfsfnoas kj rastn ba jk nrhkofzkcfóo, aj bfractnr mfokocfarn ‒u

varbkbarn càofcn cukobn sa trktk ba babfckr (¾`kjhkstkr>) tfa`pn ao jks rauofnoas‒
sa vnjvfó dkcfk `à y cn`aotó cno sfocarfbkb9 «Astk as uok `koark rakj`aota ùtfj ba
pkskr uo pkr ba bàksµ.
¾Qook mrksa ks
¾Q ksàà vf
vfoofaobn ba æj> Balaràko pu
puljfckr
ljfckrjk
jk ao jns parfóbf
parfóbfcns.
cns.

As ba`ksfkbn mëcfj prapkrkr prasaotkcfnoas ba WnwarWnfot `uy lfao paoskbks (y klurrfbks). Ao

juhkr ba astn, trktk ba nrhkofzkr balktas fomnr`kjas. Jks parsnoks cnjklnrko `ainr cukobn pfaosko
iiuot
uotks
ks s nlra jn
jnss pr
prnlja
nlja`k
`kss qua f`pjf
f`pjfcko
cko k vkr
vkrfns
fns bapkrt
bapkrtk`
k`aa otns
otns..

....
 17

Nbfko jns hufskotas,

hufskotas,
parnsfsajasjns
cn`n cn`ao
aockotkrko
Cuaotk dfstnrfks
pkrk qua
q ua jns ba`ës
ck`lfao

«@a hustkrà
hustkràkk dkljkr
dkljkrta
ta ba uo hhrko
rko prn
prnyact
yactnµ,
nµ, `a bfi
bfinn uo
uokk `u
`uiar
iar pnr tajæmnon.
Ark uok kjtk aiacutfvk ba uok a`prask ba sarvfcfns prnmasfnokjas ao jk qua jks
parsnoks sno su `kykynrnr kctfvn. Warn rrasujt
asujtkk qua oonn astklko `
`uuy cno
cnotao
taotns.
tns. R
Rao
aoàko
àko uuook
a`prask axftnsk, cno fohrasns kjtns, luaons cjfaotas y trklkikbnras f`pjfckbns. Warn
jk sktfsmkccfóo ba jns a`pjakbns ark `àof`k y aj àobfca ba lkiks ark
ksn`lrnsk`aota kjtn. Jns a`pjakbns raobàko lfao, parn sa flko ba jk a`prask.
Jk a`prask sa dklàk hkokbn jk raputkcfóo ba sar uo juhkr tarrflja ao aj qua
trklkikr. Cukobn `a rauoà cno aj iama, `a fjustró aj prnlja`k cno uo aia`pjn
parsnokj. Dkca pncn, cn` cn`aoaotó,
tó, sa nrhko
nrhkofzó
fzó uok
uok rauo
rauofóo
fóo aj `fs`
fs`nn bàk ao qua uo
uokk ba
sus a`pjakbks sa cksklk. «Ja bfia qua taoàk qua vaofr. [ua jk rauofóo ark jn lkstkota
prnotn cn`n
prnotn cn`n pkrk qu
quaa jjahkrk k jk lnbk k tfa`
tfa`pn.µ
pn.µ
Sa quabó ao sfjaocfn. Baspuæs cnotfouó9 «On astny nrhujjnsn ba ask dfstnrfk, parn
as cn`n sfa`pra da`ns bfrfhfbn jk a`praskµ. Juahn `a `fró y prahuotó9 «Ksà qua,
Watar, ¾có`n ck`lfks k jns ba`ës>µ
Da nàbn k `aoubn qua on sa puaba ck`lfkr k jns ba`ës, qua jn ùofcn qua puabas
dkcar as ck`lfkrta k tf `fs`n. Warn pkrk `ucdks parsnoks jk rakjfbkb as qua
cnostkota`aota trktk`ns ba ck`lfkr k jns ba`ës. Jns pkbras qufarao ck`lfkr k jns
dfins, jns `krfbns k jks aspnsks y jks aspnsks k jns `krfbns, y ao ouastrn trklkin
tk`lfæo astk`ns fotaotkobn ck`lfkr k jns ba`ës uok y ntrk vaz.
Kuo ksà, cksf tnbks jks vacas mrkcksk`ns n, panr, kjaotk`ns aj cn`pnrtk`faotn
qua pracfsk`aota quara`ns ck`lfkr. On mrkcksk`ns pnr fotaotkrjn pncn, of pnrqua
jk tkrak sak f`pnsflja. Aj prnlja`k as qua jk `koark ao qua quara`ns dkcar qua
ck`lfao as k `aoubn cnotrkprnbucaota.

Aotnocas, ¾quæ dkca`ns qua on muocfnok> Jas bacf`ns jn qua tfaoao qua dkcar, k
`aoubn aomkbkbns n frrftkbns. N jns racn`paosk`ns cno bfoarn n ba ntrk `koark.
Aovfk`ns cnrrans ajactróofcns u ntrn tfpn ba `aoskias raskjtkobn quæ as jn qua
quara`ns. V k qufao on ra`k ao jk `fs`k bfraccfóo, jn ckstfhk`ns. Ofohuok ba astks
kccfnoas pkraca muocfnokr mfklja`aota.
Ba `nbn qua sf on muocfnoko, ¾quæ dkcao>
K mfokjas ba jk bæckbk ba ;687, jk fovastfhkbnrk ba jk Qofvarsfbkb ba Fjjfonfs,
Jfpps Lfrcd, bfrfhfó uok sarfa ba axparf`aotns ao ofûns pkrk var quæ jas cnovaocaràk
pkrk cn`ar
cn`ar varburks qu stklko..;3 Astn as pnoar aj jfstóo kjtn. On sa
quaa on jas hustklko
trktklk ba qua cn`farko `ës varburks sfon, aspacàmfck`aota, jks varburks qua on jas
hustklko.
Wuabas bacfrjas qua asparks qua sa cn`ko jk varburk, y qua sf jn dkcao jas
racn`paoskrës cno uo dajkbn. Jas puabas aou`arkr tnbks jks rkznoas pnr jks qua jks
varburks sno luaoks pkrk ajjns. V tk`lfæo puabas cn`arta jks varburks pkrk bkr
aia`pjn. Rnbn astn puaba kyubkr. Warn Lfrcd basculrfó uok cnsk qua muocfnoklk
mfklja`aota. Saotó k uo ofûn k qufao on ja hustklko jns hufskotas k uok `ask cn
vkrfns ntrns ofûns k qufaoas jas aockotklko. Ao jk sahuobk cn`fbk, aj ofûn qua
nbfklk jns hufskotas jns cn`àk cn`n jns ba`ës.
Wrasfóo sncfkj.
«Cno dfstnrfks
fstnrfks.µ,
.µ, ja bfi
bfiaa kj bf
bfractnr
ractnr ba jk a`prask.
a`prask.
«¾Warbnok>µ, prahuotó.
«Ck`lfks k jns ba`ës cno dfstnrfks. Kdnrk `fs`n jk dfstnrfk qua tfaoas as qua
axprf`as k tus trklkikbnras. Cn`n jk `uiar qua nljfhksta k trklkikr aj bàk ba s

lnbk. Rkjjnvaz
axprask quaoasparks
n astæs nrhu
nrh
ba ujns
jjns
jjnsnn ba ajjn,
ba`ës, parny as
sf`pja jk dfstnrfkVqua
jjkok`aota. cu
cuaot
astnyaotks.
ks. Astk
sahurn ba ddfstnrfk
fstnrfk
qua on
aras aj ùofcn qua jk cuaotk. Sfo bubk kjhuok tk`lfæo jk astkrë cnotkobn jk onvfk. V
tnbns sus k`fhns. Sf qufaras ck`lfkr có`n sa cn`pnrtk uok parsnok, tfaoas qua
ck`lfkr jks dfstnrfks qua nyao y jks dfstnrfks qua cuaotko.µ
Ja suharà qua on ck`lfkrk okbk `ës, of jks avkjukcfnoas ba jns a`pjakbns, of jns
sfsta`ks ba focaotfvns of có`n mnr`klk k sus trklkikbnras. On ck`lfas okbk `ës.
Ao tnbn cksn, tnbkvàk on. Wnr aj `n`aotn, ck`lfk jks dfstnrfks. Burkota uo tfa`pn,
dklrë uok focndaraocfk aotra jks ouavks dfstnrfks y jks vfaiks. Astn crakrë taosfóo.
Astk taosfóo raprasaotk jk trkosfcfóo baj vfain cn`pnrtk`faotn kj ouavn. Sf fosfstas,
pncn k pncn, jks ou
ouavks dfstnrfks krrkf
krrkfhhkrëo.
Snjn oacasftks dkcar bns cnsks
cns ks saocfjjks
saocfjj ks pkrk ck`lfkr
ck`lfkr jk cnobu
cnobuctk
ctk ba jns ba`
ba`ës9
ës9

;. Jjavk k ckln kccfnoas

kccfnoas ontkljas, bfh
bfhoks ba sar cnotkbks, qua raprasaotao aj ck`lfn qua

qufaras qua dkhko. Juahn baik qua jks vkyko cnotkobn.

<. Aocuaotrk k ntrks parsnoks qua jjjavao
javao k ckln kccfnoas
kccfnoas bfh
bfhoks ba sar cnotkbks y qua
raprasaotao aj ck`lfn qua qufaras qua jns ba`ës dkhko. Juahn cuaotk tù asks dfstnrfks.
Wnr aia`pjn, sf qufaras qua jns `fa`lrns ba tu aqufpn sako `ës rëpfbns y `aons
parmaccfnofstks,
parmaccfnofstks, klnrbk uo ta`
ta`kk cno cajarf
cajarfbkb
bkb y ao
aovàk
vàk uo cnrran ajactróo
ajactróofcn
fcn cn

arrktks.
`aoskiasN aosf qufaras qua sa ao
aj nrbaokbnr cn`uofquao
`abfn ba bauok`koark `ës amactfvk,
cnovarskcfóo. baik ba
Ao juhkr ba `frkr
astn,
basaotfæobata baj nrbaokbnr cukobn aotrao ao tu baspkcdn. N sf jn qua qufaras as
ku`aotkr aj lfaoastkr ao jk nmfcfok, ao juhkr ba qua uok a`pjakbk taohk qua trklkikr
aj bàk ba su lnbk, bkja uok sa`kok ba mfastk.
Ons outrf`
trf`ns
ns ba dfstnrfks. Jks cno
cnotk`
tk`ns,
ns, jks rapatf`
rapatf`ns,
ns, jks ascucd
ascucdk`
k`ns
ns cn
ktaocfóo y kctuk`
kctuk`ns
ns ao sfotno
sfotnoàk
àk cno ajj
ajjks.
ks.
Wnba`ns ck`lfkr ouastrks dfstnrfks y qua ajjks ons ck`lfao k onsntrns.

K `aoubn, jk mnr`k ao qua quara`ns dkcar ck`lfkr k jns ba`ës on muocfnok y kcklk kjaotkobn
pracfsk`aota aj cn`pnrtk`faotn qua quaràk`ns avftkr. Wuastn qua ons k`njbk`ns kj
cn`pnrtk`faotn ba qufaoas ons rnbako ‒y asa cn`pnrtk`faotn sa k`njbk k jks dfstnrfks qua jk
haota ascucdk y cuaotk‒, prn`uava aj ck`lfn cnotkobn luaoks dfstnrfks.

;3 Jakoo Jfpps Lfrcd, «Ammacts n Waar @nbajs‖ Mnnb Cdnfcas kob Aktfoh Ladkvfnrs no Wrascdnnjar‖s Mnnb
Wramaraocasµ, Cdfjb Bavajnp`aot, 1; (;647)9 246-6=.
 1;

Có`n Inrf parbfó

bfacfsæfs efjns
Njvàbkta ba jk muarzk ba
vnjuo
vnjuotkb.
tkb. \aastruct
\aastructurk
urk
tu aotnron

«[ufarn cno
«[ufarn cnosujt
sujtkrta
krta kjhnµ, ja bfia k `
`ff k`fh
k`fhnn Inr
Inrf,f, qua dklàk parbf
parbfbn
bn bfacf
bfacfsæfs
sæfs efjns
ao jns ùjtf`ns safs `asas. «Ouastrk ckpkcfbkb pkrk parbar pasn sa lksk ao jk

vnjuotkb quabataoa`ns
jk taotkcfóo cn`ar.µpkrk sumrfr jk focn`nbfbkb, pkskr uo pncn ba dk`lra y rasfstfr
«Ra aqufvncksµ, rapjfcó. «On sklas có`n as `f kpatftn. As bnjnrnsn. Wnbràk
snpnrtkrjn uok n bns sa`koks, parn on k jkrhn pjkzn.µ
Supa ba fo`abfktn qua taoàk rkzóo. Jk bfscfpjfok, jk muarzk ba vnjuotkb y aj
kutncnotrnj sno fosnstaofljas. Kj mfokj, caba`ns. Da fotaotkbn parbar pasn ba
`ucdks `koarks. Snjn `a dko muocfnokbn bns9 ;) Baiæ ba cnosu`fr kzùckr ramfokbn.
Rfræ tnbns jns dajkbns, ckrk`ajns, hkjjatks y pkstajftns qua taoàk ao jks astkotaràks y
jns sustftuà pnr kjtaroktfvks `ës skoks. <) Cnotrktæ uo sarvfcfn ba cn`fbk k
bn`fcfjfn. Ckbk `kûkok, burkota uo `as, `a trkàko tnbks jks cn`fbks baj bàk ao sus
prnpnrcfnoas iu i ustks. Jk cn`fbk
cn`fbk ar arkk bajf
bajfcfnsk
cfnsk y sktfsmkct
sktfsmkctnrfk,
nrfk, y snjn cn`àk jn qua
qua `a
`a
bklko, okbk `ës.
Ao k`lks sftukcfnoas, rabuia jk oacasfbkb ba jk bfscfpjfok. Ck`lfæ `f aotnron
pkrk qua
qua ``aa muark `ës
`ës mëcfj tn`
tn`krkr jks bacfsfnoas qua cu`cu`pjàko
pjàko `fs
`fs fot
fotarasas
arasas k jkrhn
j krhn
pjkzn.
«Aotnocas, ¾có`n parbfsta pasn>µ, ja prahuotæ.
Inrf taoàk uok lkobk hëstrfck qua màsfck`aota ja cnostraûàk jk aotrkbk baj
astó`khn. Cukobn cn`a, sa jjaok jk pkrta kjtk baj astó`khn y bnsfmfck jk cn`fbk kj
rastn,
ras tn, ba `ko
`koark
ark qua sa sfa
sfaot
otaa jjjaon
jaon kotas y burkot
burkotaa `ës tfa`
tfa`pn.
pn.
 Ao ntrks pkjklrks, on parbfó pasn pnrqua snpnrtkrk jk focn`nbfbkb ba pkskr
dk`lra. Warbfó pasn kj arrkbfckr jk focn`nbfbkb ba pkskr dk`lra. Jk cfruhàk k jk
qua sa prastó prnvncó qua cn`ar `aons on muark snjn `ës prnlklja, sfon foavftklja.
«¾Cuëobn ta skckrës jk lkobk hëstrfck>µ, ja foqufrà.

«Ouockµ, rapjfcó.
Jk lkobk hëstrfck sa puaba astracdkr pkrk qua jk aotrkbk baj astó`khn sak `ës
paquaûk
paqu aûk n kmjnikr pkrk qua
qua sa pu
puabk
abk cn`
cn`ar
ar sfo rastrfccf
rastrfccfno
noas.
as. Kjh
Kjhuo
uons
ns pkcfaot
pkcfaotas
as
bacfbao snjtkrjk cukobn qufarao cn`ar sfo `abfbk, cn`n ao vkckcfnoas n Okvfbkb.
Wnbràks paoskr qua baspuæs ba kûns cn`faobn pnrcfnoas paquaûks cno uok lkobk
hëstrfck, jk haota baskrrnjjk ouavns dëlftns kjf`aotfcfns qua puabao `kotaoar cukobn
suajtko jk lkobk. Warn on as varbkb. Sahùo aj bnctnr ba Inrf, mëcfj`aota puaba
hkokr ncdn efjns ao uo `as.
Ao ntrks
ntrks pkjklrks, as haofkj
haofkj kbnptkr ou
ouavns
avns dëlftns, parn, ssff quara`
quara`ns
ns parsfstfr
par sfstfr a
ajjns, bala`ns ck`lfkr ouastrn aotnron y `kotaoarjn burkota aj tfa`pn qua
bacfbk`ns. Sf on qufaras hkokr pasn, on vuajvks k cn`prkr kjf`aotns kzuckrkbns, of
kmjnias jk lkobk hëstrfck, of ta pjkotaas cn`ar `ës ba jn qua dks bacfbfbn.
Qok ba `fs cjfaotks, Jfsk, taoàk kjhuons prnlja`ks cno uon ba sus cnjklnrkbnras,
Bkvfb, pnrqua on sa cn`uofcklk cno ajjk of mracuaota of cjkrk`aota. Crak`ns uok

jfstk ba prahuotks
cn`uofckcfóo. qua cn`n
Wrahuotks Jfsk «¾Rfaoas
y Bkvfbquasafomnr`kr
dkcàko backbk
kjhn bàk pkrk `ainrkr
k kjhufao> s
¾Balas bkr
jks hrkcfks k kj
kjhu
hufao>
fao> ¾Dky kjhu
kjhufao
fao k qufao tao
taohks
hks qua prahuo
prahuotkrja
tkrja kjhn>µ
Baspuæs ba tras sa`koks jjavkobn k ckln aj cuastfnokrfn, su cn`uofckcfóo `ainró
nstaosflja`aota, ksà qua Jfsk baió ba dkcar jks prahuotks. Ao pncns bàks, Bkvfb
vnjvfó k ckar ao sus kotarfnras pktrnoas cn`uofcktfvns. Aj cuastfnokrfn on ck`lfó k
Bkvfb5 Bkvfb sa kbkptó k æj `faotrks jn pusfarno ao prëctfck.
Ksà qua jk prahuotk as9 ¾dks astructurkbn tu aotnron ‒tu vfbk‒ pkrk qua sak `ës
prnlklja qua puabks
puabks jnhrkr tu
tuss nliatfvns>
Wkrk `ucdks parsnoks, jk raspuastk as on. A`pazk`ns aj bàk cno luaoks
fotaocfnoas. Warn prnotn racflf`ns jjk`kbks y cnrrans ajactróofcns, pabf`ns cnsks y
nrbaok`ns ntrks, y `uy prnotn kpaoks pnba`ns racnrbkr ao quæ quaràk`ns
cnocaotrkrons, sf as qua jn supf`ns kjhuok vaz. Ouastrks inrokbks sno mraoætfcks a
fotaotk`ns aockrrfjkrons, parn kvkozk`ns `uy pncn. Kj mfokj ba jk sa`kok, yk da`ns
njvfbkbn quæ quaràk`ns jnhrkr kj prfocfpfn ba ajjk. V, cukobn kcklk aj kûn, ons
mrustrk qua on dkyk`ns kvkozkbn ao jks cuastfnoas qua `ës ons prancupko.
Jk snjucfóo on as quarar cnocaotrkrsa `ainr. Astn on muocfnok. Jk bfscfpjfok y aj
kutncnotrnj sno fosnstaofljas pnrqua ao jk `kynràk ba ouastrns aotnrons dky
ba`ksfkbks bfstrkccfnoas, ba`ksfkbks cnsks qua jns ba`ës qufarao qua dkhk`ns,
ba`ksfkbks npnrtuofbkbas y taotkcfnoas qua ons kpkrtko ba jns vkjnras y prfnrfbkbas
qua quara`ns ao ouastrk vfbk. As cn`n trktkr ba parbar pasn vfvfaobn ao uok tfaobk
ba ckrk`
ckr k`ajns.
ajns.

Raoa`ns qua astructurkr aj aotnron ‒cn`n jf`ftkr aj astó`khn n vkcfkr jks

astkotaràks ba kzùckr‒ pkrk qua sak `ës prnlklja qua pnbk`ns kvkozkr ao ouastrks
prfnrfbkbas.
prfnr fbkbas.
K cnotfoukcfóo, ta prnpnohn tras `koarks ba astructurkr tu aotnron9

;. ]kcàk
]kcàk jks astko
astkotaràks
taràks ba kz
kzùckr.
ùckr.
Fbaotfmfck cfocn cnsks ‒of uok `ës‒ ao jks qua qufarks caotrkrta burkota uo kûn. K
ajjks balarës babfckr aj 61 pnr cfaotn ba tu tfa`pn. Cukjqufar cnsk qua on mkcfjfta
astns cfocn nliatfvns bala quabkr muark ba tu jfstk ba tkraks. Vn da crakbn uok jfstk
ba tkraks cno safs racukbrns9 uon pkrk ckbk uok ba `fs prfnrfbkbas y uo saxtn qua da
jjk`kbn «aj ntrn 1 pnr cfaotnµ. Asta ùjtf`n as cn`n aj kzùckr9 uo pncn astë lfao,
parn ao uo bàk on balaràks taoartaoar `ës baj 1 pnr cfaot
cfaotnn ba kctfvfbkbas qu
quaa on sa
kiustko k tus prfnrfbkbas koukjas.

<. Jf`
Jf`ftk
ftk tu astó`khn.
Ckbk `kûkok, `frk jk jfstk cno jns safs racukbrns y bacfba tnbn jn qua tfaoas qua
dkcar ao mrkoiks dnrkrfks. Ba astk `koark, tn`krës bacfsfnoas astrktæhfcks pkrk
kprnvacdkr aj tfa`pn jf`ftkbn baj bàk ao jn qua `ës ta f`pnrtk.

3. Astkljaca uo kcuarbn mnr`kj cno kjhufao snlra quæ as jn qua vks k cn`ar.
Sfæotkta cno uok parsnok ‒tu bfractnr, uo cn`pkûarn, tu pkraik‒ y aosæûkja tu jfstk
ba tkraks cno jns safs racukbrns y jn qua vks k dkcar kquaj bàk. Axpjàckjas quæ
qufaras cnosahufr y có`n aockik cno tu pjko pkrk jnhrkr tus nliatfvns koukjas.
Bacfrjn ao vnz kjtk y taoar k uok parsnok qua jn ascucda y ta jn racuarba crak u
ofvaj ba cn`prn`fsn y raspnosklfjfbkb `ës prnmuobn.
Wnrqua, cn`n aj æxftn ba Inrf pkrk parbar pasn, cnocaotrkrta cno æxftn ao jn qua
`ës ta f`pnrtk, snjn taobrë juhkr ‒k jkrhn pjkzn‒ sf craks uo aotnron qua jn
mkcfjftk.

Cnomfkr ao jk muarzk ba vnjuotkb as uok lktkjjk cuastk krrflk fotar`foklja. Ao juhkr ba astn,
astructurk tu aotnron y tu vfbk pkrk qua sak `ës prnlklja qua jnhras cu`pjfr tus prfnrfbkbas.
 ....

Cnocjusfóo
«¾]uajvas k ssar
«¾]uajvas ar vahko
vahkon>µ,
n>µ, `a prprahu
ahuototóó Ofcey rfaobn. «¾On jn dklàks sf sfbn
bn yk>µ
«¾Wnr quæ on ta jf`
jf `ftks k cn`ar onr`
onr`kj,kj, ba tnbn uo pncn>µ,
pncn>µ , fot
f otarvf
arvfon
on Wk`
Wk`..
Rnbns ao jk `ask rfarno, ao pkrta ba `à, ao pkrta ba Wk`, qua yk astklk kcklkobn
su sahuobn `niftn y bfmàcfj`aota pnbàk sar uo aia`pjn ba `nbarkcfóo. Astklk cn
`fs k`fhns baj fostftutn. Burkota jns ùjtf`ns vafotfcfocn kûns ons da`ns rauofbn
pkrk caokr uo
uok vaz kj ``as,
as, ksà qua oonn sn`
sn`nsns `
`uuy cara`
cara`no
nofnsns.
fnsns.
Jk cnovarskcfóo on sa kjkrhó `ucdn pnrqua ao asks caoks ofohùo ta`k ons burk
`ucdn. Warn `a dfzn paoskr. ¾Sny uo mrkckskbn pnrqua vuajvn k sar vahkon> ¾Wnr
quæ on puba parsfstfr jk ùjtf`k vaz> V, sf on puba, ¾pnr quæ jn vuajvn k fotaotkr>
Qok mnr`k ba `frkrjn as qua uo ck`lfn ba cnobuctk as cn`n baikr ba mu`kr n ba
lalar9 k vacas, sa raqufarao vkrfns fotao fotaotns
tns pkrk `kokotao
taoar
ar par`ko
par`koao aota`
ta`ao
aota
ta aj
cn`prn`fsn. Warn tk`lfæo sa puaba `frkr ba ntrk mnr`k, y on as `aons varbkb9 on
tnbn sa tfaoa qua `kotaoar par`koaota`aota. Rnbn bapaoba ba jn qua qufarks jnhrkr.
Qok vaz astklk bfrfhfaobn uo pjko astrktæhfcn cno aj bfractnr haoarkj y jk iuotk
bfractfvk ba uok a`prask taconjóhfck cuyns fohrasns suparklko jns =77 `fjjnoas ba
bójkras. Wksk`ns vkrfns bàks rabfsaûkobn ëraks ba jk a`prask9 crak`ns uok ouavk
astructurk nrhkofzktfvk, basfhok`ns ouavks parsnoks pkrk jns puastns bfrfhaotas y
kcjkrk`ns jks raspnosklfjfbkbas ba ckbk uon. Sa trktklk ba uok a`prask axcajaota
cno uons bfrfhaotas ckpkcas, uok sójfbk astrktahfk ba cracf`faotn y uons nliatfvns
craàljas
craàlj as pkrk
pkr k cnovartfrsa ao uo
uokk a`
a`prask
prask ba `
`fjas
fjas ba `
`fjj
fjjno
noas
as ao pncns kûns.
Cukobn astëlk`ns ravfskobn jk ouavk astructurk nrhkofzktfvk qua dklàk`ns
bfsaûkbn aotra tnbns, uon ba jns cnjklnrkbnras baj bfractnr haoarkj fotarvfon9 «Astn
on muocfnokrëµ, npfoó. «Cukobn fohrasa`ns onvacfaotns `fjjnoas ba bójkras sarë
bfmàcfj ba `
`ko
koaikr.µ
aikr.µ
Aj bfractnr haoarkj ramjaxfnoó uo `n`aotn y juahn raspnobfó9 «On tfaoa qua
muocfnokr cukobn jjahua`ns k onvacfaotns `fjjnoas. Rfaoa qua muocfnokr kdnrk. Jk
vnjvara`ns k ck`lfkr, sahurk`aota cukobn fohrasa`ns satacfaotns cfocuaotk
`fjjnoasµ.
Haofkj. Ao jk `kynràk ba jns cksns, jns ck`lfns muocfnoko burkota uo tfa`pn
batar`fokbn. Juahn
qufaras ck`lfkr, ao yk on.ba
juhkr Aspaoskr
`ainr paoskr
ao uok ao snjucfnoas
snjucfóo ta`pnrkjas
par`koaota, ba kquajjn
pnrqua qua
ta puabas
astkockr
astkockr ao ajj
ajjk.
k.
¾\afohaofaràk ba prncasns> ¾Aiacutfvn kj `foutn> ¾Hastfóo pnr nliatfvns>

¾@kreatfoh ba huarrfjjk> As mëcfj basckrtkr tnbks astks fbaks, y `ucdks ntrks, cn`n
`nbks pkskiarks. Qo bàk astëo kquà y kj ntrn baskpkracao. Jn `ainr as on baikr qua
ta aotrataohko. Warn, ao juhkr ba astn, pfaosk ao qua ckbk uok ba astks «`nbksµ
puaba
pu aba dklar sfbn ùtfj, tkj vaz ao tu a`
a`prask,
prask, burkot
burkotaa uo parfnbn batar`fokbn
batar`fokbn ba
tfa`pn. V asn pnbràk dklar sfbn luaon. Wkrk qua sar uo hrko æxftn on tfaoa qua burkr
sfa`pra.
¾Jk snjucfóo> On paoskr qua ofohuok ba ajjks puaba sar jk pkokcak.
Cukobn paosk`ns qua kjhn puaba sar jk snjucfóo ba tnbn, pksk`ns pnr kjtn sus
puootns bælfjas y sus amact
pu amactns
ns oah
ahktfvns
ktfvns y, kj mfo
mfokj,
kj, cu
cuko
kobn
bn jns bamactns
bamactns fodaraot
fodaraotas
as
skjao k jk juz, parba`ns tnbk jk ma ao jk snjucfóo. On taoa`ns ao cuaotk aj vkjnr qua
puaba
pu aba dklar prnpnrcfnokbn pnrqua ouock cu` cu`pjfó
pjfó ouastrks axaxpactkt
pactktfvks,
fvks, ouock
muocfnoó cn`pjatk`aota. V juahn skjf`ns k lusckr jk ouavk snjucfóo `ëhfck.
Ouastrn
Ou astrn kod
kodajn pnr jk snjucfóo, jk mór`ujk qua rasnjvarë tnbns ouastrns
prnlja`ks,
prnlja` ks, jk pko
pkokcak
kcak ba ouast
uastrk
rk kohu
kohustfk as parsf
parsfstao
staota.
ta. Warn tk`lfæo
tk`lfæo as uok

aqufvnckcfóo pnrqua
`ainr cnosfbarkr tnbkon snjucfóo
axfsta okbk parmactn
cn`n kjhn yta`pnrkj,
okbk burky pkrk
ckbksfa`pra. Ksà qua
darrk`faotk as
cn`n
pntaocfkj`ao
pntaocfkj`aotata vkjfnsk y prnlklja`
prnlklja`aoaota
ta amà`
amà`ark.
ark. Astn as cfartn yk sa trkta ba u
ck`lfn parsnokj (cn`n uok ouavk bfatk) n a`praskrfkj (cn`n uok ouavk darrk`faotk
ba hastfóo, uok ouavk astructurk nrhkofzktfvk n uo ouavn prnhrk`k ba axpkosfóo).
Cnosfbarkr ckbk snjucfóo cn`n ta`pnrkj tfaoa laoamfcfns snrpraobaotas9

• As `ës mmëcf
ëcfjj cn`prn`atarsa
cn`prn`atarsa cno ajj ajjk. Sf skla`ns
skla`ns qua on as parmactk y on as pkrk
sfa`pra, ¾pnr quæ on bkrja uok npnrtuofbkb>
• As `ës mëcf
mëcfjj (y rëpfbk)
rëpfbk) ba kpjfckr
kpjfckr.. Sf skla`ns qua jkjk ffof
ofcfktf
cfktfvk
vk on as pkrk sfa`pra,
sfa`pra, on
fotaotkra`ns qua sak parmactk. Fotaotkra`ns qua muocfnoa.
• As `ës mëcf
mëcfjj dkcar
dkcar qua jns
jns ba`ës sa sa fovnj
fovnjucrao.
ucrao. Sf racnonca`ns
racnonca`ns qua uok snjsnjucfóo
ucfóo as
f`parmactk y on astë bapurkbk baj tnbn, as `ës prnlklja qua jns ba`ës pkrtfcfpao pkrk
`ainrkrjk, jn cukj jas bk uo saotfbn ba raspnosklfjfbkb.
• As `ës mëcf
mëcfjj ba pkhkr
pkhkr.. Sf on jkjk vk`ns k jjjjavkr k jk
jk parmaccfóo,
parmaccfóo, sf on vk k burkr pkrk
sfa`pra, on dkca mkjtk fovartfr uok hrko ckotfbkb ba bfoarn.
• As `ës mëcf
mëcfjj prascfobfr
prascfobfr ba ajj
ajjk jjah
jjahkbn
kbn aj `n`aotn. Sf on da`ns ffovartfbn
ovartfbn uok hrko
ckotfbkb ba bfoarn, n ba asmuarzn parsnokj, ao jk snjucfóo, babfckra`ns `ucdn `aons
tfa`pn puljfcftkobn jn luaok qua as y on ons kmarrkra`ns k ajjk cukobn yk on kûkbk
vkjnr. Jk cartfbu`lra, cukobn cnotrkbfca jks prualks, ouock as luaok.
 Astns cfocn amactns sacuobkrfns ba paoskr qua kjhn on as pkrk sfa`pra ku`aotk
brëstfck`aota jk pnsflfjfbkb ba qua dkhks kjhn ao juhkr ba snjn paoskr, dkljkr,
pjkofmfckr y bfscutfr
bfscutfr snlr
snlraa dkcar
dkcar kjhn.
Onsntrns
Onsnt rns ck`
ck`lfk`
lfk`ns.
ns. Jks sftu
sftukcfnoas
kcfnoas ck`
ck`lfko.
lfko. Jns qu
quaa ons rnbako ck`lfko.
ck`lfko. V

jks darrk`fao
darrk`faotks
tks qua usk`
usk`ns
ns tk`
tk`lfæo
lfæo bala
balarà
ràko
ko ck`
ck`lfkr
lfkr..
K cnotfoukcfóo,
cnotfoukcfóo, ta prnpn
prnpnoh
ohnn uo
uoks
ks pncks jàoaks
jà oaks `
`kastrk
kastrks9
s9

• Bf
Bfmaraocf
maraocfkk aj cn`prn`f
cn`prn`fsn sn cno uo rasujrasujtkbn
tkbn ‒cn`n
‒cn`n ckskrsa, on lalarlalar,, vfvf
vfvfr
skjubklja`aota, taoar laoamfcfns ao jk a`prask‒ cno aj cn`prn`fsn cno jks
darrk`faotks qua utfjfzks pkrk jnhrkr asa rasujtkbn. Jks darrk`faotks puabao sar
trkosftnrfks, `faotrks qua aj rasujtkbn puaba sar par`koaota.
• Cn`pra
Cn`praobaoba cuëj as aj vkjnr
vkjnr qua hkoks
hkoks y pnr quæ.
quæ. Juahn,
Juahn, cno jks
jks prualks ao
ao jk
jk `kon,
rktfmfck qua sfhua prnvayaobn asa vkjnr. Ksà sklrës cuëobn tfaoas qua pkskr k ntrk cnsk.
• Bacf
Bacfbaba cuëobn vks
vks k vnjvar
vnjvar k cnosfbarkr
cnosfbarkr jk
jk snjucf
snjucfóo.
óo. On kyubk bubkr
bubkr cnostkota`aota
cnostkota`aota baba
tf `fs`n, pnrqua aotnocas as f`pnsflja f`pjfckrsa. Ra raobfrës ao uo `n`aotn ba
balfjfbkb pkrk juahn krrapaotfrta. Ao juhkr ba astn, bacfba cuëobn vks k vnjvar k
cnosfbarkrjk y cn`prn`ætata cn`pjatk`aota dkstk asa `n`aotn.
2 sahuobns astë jjaon ba fbaks, astrktahfks y tëctfcks qua ta puabao kyubkr k tn`kr
bacfsfnoas `ës fotajfhaotas ‒y jjavkr k ckln kccfnoas `ës amactfvks‒ ao u
`n`aotn bkbn. Kjhuoks ba ajjks ta puabao muocfnokr kdnrk. Ntrks, tkj vaz `ës
kbajkota. Sæ mjaxflja y pno ao prëctfck jn qua ta muocfnok y dkstk qua ta muocfnoa.
Cukobn baia ba sar amactfvn, niak ba ouavn 2 sahuobns y baik qua kjhuok ntrk fbak ta
jjk`a jk ktaocfóo. \acuarbk raspfrkr dnobn, ckj`krta y tn`kr uo bacfsfó
batar`fokbk
batar` fokbk qua
qua ta jjava kjjà bno
bnoba
ba qufaras ffr.
r.
Cukobn bacfbà baikr ba cn`ar ckroa y jëctans, `a saotàk ktflnrrkbn. @a quaràk
saotfr ba ouavn jf`pfn, y jk bfatk vahkok `a kyubk cno ajjn. Rk`lfæo sæ qua cukobn
`a sfaotn klru`kbn y muark ba cnotrnj, dkhn tnbn kquajjn qua puabn pkrk racuparkr
jk ckj`k, cn`n cnrtkr`a aj pajn n rastrfohfr `f bfatk. As uo `ackofs`n pkrk jfbfkr

cno
qua `fs prnlja`ks
klru`ko qua `a
`f vfbk. kyubkratn`n
Cukobn k saotfr`a `ës jfharn
aj cnotrnj, cno ajpnsflja
as `uy rastn baqua
jks ck`lfa
cuastfnoas
ba
ouavn ba bfatk.
Rk`lfæo as luaon racnrbkr qua on cn`prn`atarsa pkrk sfa`pra on sfhofmfck qua
tnbn jn qua vfvks sarë amà`arn. «Kjhuoks cnsks, cn`n `fs ajaccfnoas bfatætfcks, sn
trkosftnrfksµ, jas bfia k `fs cn`pkûarns ba cjksa kj mfokj ba jk caok. «Kcaptkbjks.
On tao
taoæfs
æfs qu
quaa cn`
cn`ar
ar jn `fs`
fs`nn qu
quaa yn, y as prnlklja qua
qua jk próxf`
próxf`kk vaz qu
quaa ons
vak`ns dkyk
dkyk vuajtn k ck`
ck`lfkr
lfkr.µ
.µ
«Warn on ns prancupæfsµ, kûkbà. «Ntrks cnsks, cn`n jk trkbfcfóo qua taoa`ns cn
ouastrks caoks, burkrëo sfa`pra.µ
Khrkbacf`faotns
Cukobn astës snjn pujskobn tacjks, `frkobn uok pkotkjjk, vfaobn có`n jks pkjklrks
kpkracao cno uok jatrk trks ntrk, pncn k pncn mnr`kobn mrksas, pkrëhrkmns, pëhfoks y,
mfokj`aota, ckpàtujns, as mëcfj ckar ao jk fjusfóo ba qua aras aj ùofcn crakbnr ba jn
qua dkcas.
Warn on suaja sar ksà.
Sfo jk fomjuaocfk, aj kpnyn y aj trklkin ba `ucdàsf`ks parsnoks asta jflrn on
astkràk ao tus `kons.
As cfartn, yn ascrflà asta jflrn. Warn Haonvavk Jjnsk y su aqufpn ao DkrparNoa
dfcfarno uok jklnr `krkvfjjnsk bapurëobnjn, bfspnofaobn sus pkrtas y abftëobnjn.
Hrkcfks, Haonvavk, pnr craar ao `à, pnr aj aotusfks`n qua dks puastn ao asta jflrn,
pnr tu vfsf
vfsfóo
óo ba jn qu
quaa pnbr
pnbràk
àk sar y pnr tu à`
à`patu
patu focko
fockosklja
sklja pkrk dkcarjn `ainr. As
uo pjkcar trklkikr cnotfhn y `a aockotk jk mnr`k qua ja dks bkbn. V aj tàtujn as tnbn
uo basculrf`faotn, Dkookd.
V, kuoqua ascrflfr uo jflrn as uo hrko ratn, vaobarjn as ntrn. If` Javfoa y su
aqufpn ba jk khaocfk jftarkrfk Javfoa Hraaolarh \nstko dko cnosahufbn vaobarjn y
`ucdn `ës. Hrkcfks, If`, pnr sar tko ramjaxfvn, pnr kpnykr`a tkotn, pnr t
cn`prn`fsn cno`fhn y cno `f ascrfturk. Aras uo sncfn `krkvfjjnsn, fotajfhaota,
pnobarkbn,
pno barkbn, prasaot
prasaotaa y ktao
ktaotn.
tn. A
Ass `
`krkvfj
krkvfjjnsn
jnsn trklkikr cnotfh
cnotfhn.
n.
Ckbk ckpàtujn pracfsk ba `ucdks ravfsfnoas y abfcfnoas, y dky `ucdks parsnoks
qua `ainrko `f trklkin focjusn kotas ba qua sak pùljfcn. Bny hrkcfks ba cnrkzóo k
Ektdarfoa Lajj, `f abftnrk ao jk Dkrvkr
Dkrvkrbb Lusfoass \avfaw , qua dk astkbn abftkobn
‒y bkobn
bkobn mnr`
mnr`k‒
k‒ k `f ascrfturk burko
burkota
ta `
`uucd
cdns
ns kûns. Aras uok abftnrk mkotëst
mkotëstfck,
fck,
Ektdarfoa, y khrkbazcn aonr`a`aota tu kpnyn k `fs fbaks y `f vnz.
Asta jflrn raprasaotk jk cuj`fokcfóo ba kûns ascrflfaobn. V astns kûns sno jk
cuj`fokcfóo ba ntrns `ucdns ba axparfaocfks y jaccfnoas ba parsnoks `uy
aspacfkjas qua `a racuarbko, ckbk bàk, jn qua sfhofmfck qua ta k`ao, qua ta kpnyao,
qua ta axfiko y qua ta aosaûao.
A`fjy Cndao, tfaoas `ës qua uo luao nin pkrk jk ascrfturk9 aras cn`n jk Astrajjk
Wnjkr pkrk `à, y hrkcfks k tf racuarbn ao quæ as f`pnrtkota caotrkrsa y quæ as `ainr
baikr
y tnbnbajnjkbn. Hrkcfks,
qua tfaoas ao A`, pnr trklkin
ouastrn craar aoiuotns.
`à y pnr
Ra tus hkoks
astny tko ba pnoar tnbn Da
khrkbacfbn… jn qua aras
ajahfbn
k jk luaok.
Iassfck Hajsno, hrkcfks pnr tu k`nr y kpnyn, qua asparn qua sfaotks ba vuajtk, y

qua `a kyubk k craar ao `à ckbk bàk. On puabn axpraskrta jn f`pnrtkota qua as t

k`fstkb pkrk `à, parn sæ qua jn sfaotas. Jk mnr`k qua tfaoas ba vfvfr jk vfbk y jk
vkjaotàk qua `uastrks ao tus cn`prn`fsns cno jks parsnoks sno uo aia`pjn fobajalja
pkrk `à.
`à. Rfaoas uo
uo cnrkzóo ao aonr`
nr`a.
a. Hrkcfks, Iass, pnr sar tko muarta
muarta y ckrfûnsk.
Rk`lfæo,
Rk` lfæo, IIass
ass,, ta kkhrkbazcn
hrkbazcn qua `
`aa pr
prasaotkrks
asaotkrks k Koo Lrkbo
Lrkboay,
ay, basp
baspuæs
uæs ba `ucd
ucdnn
fosfstfr. Koo, `a dks ck`lfkbn jk vfbk. Ascucdn, dkljn a focjusn ck`fon ba mnr`k
bfmaraota baspuæs ba trklkikr cnotfhn. Ba tf da kpraobfbn jk f`pnrtkocfk ba jk
vkjaotàk a`ncfnokj, y sfhn kpraobfaobn `ucdn ba tu aia`pjn y tus aosaûkozks.
Hrkcfks, Koo, pnr trklkikr fockosklja`aota pkrk kyubkr`a k crakr aj `uobn ao aj
quaa qufarn vfvfr
qu vfvfr..
Rk`lfæo astny prnmuobk`aota f`prasfnokbn pnr jks parsnoks cno jks qua trklkin,
kjhuoks snjn pnr uo cnrtn parfnbn ba tfa`pn (uo cursn ba mfo ba sa`kok ao Erfpkju, n
uok parsnok qua cnoncà ao uok cnomaraocfk qua bf), ntrks burkota `ës tfa`pn (ckbk
uok ba jks qua dko ksfstfbn aj Lrah`ko Jakbarsdfp Fotaosfva), y ntrks burkota kûns

(jns cjfaotas`ucdn.
dk fomjufbn y jns cn`pkûarns cno jnsbaqua
On bny ofohuok trklkin).
ajjks Ckbk uok ybansastks
pnr bascnotkbk, rajkcfnoas
khrkbazcn `a
k tnbns
qua dkyëfs craàbn jn lkstkota ao `à pkrk qua prnmuobfzkrk ao `f trklkin. Hrkcfks.
V hrkcfks k tnbns jns qua jaæfs `f ljnh y `fs jflrns, k qufaoas sa tn`ko aj tfa`pn
ba ascrflfr`a uo cnrran ajactróofcn n uok rasaûk9 on `a tn`n okbk ba astn k jk
jfhark, y vkjnrn `ucdàsf`n qua jn qua ascrfln, y dkhn, f`pnrtk. As jn qua `a bk jk
aoarhàk pkrk sahufr dkcfæobnjn.
Wnr ùjtf`n, y sfo bubk on jn `aons f`pnrtkota, astny tko, tko khrkbacfbn k `f
mk`fjfk… @fs pkbras, k qufaoas jas da babfckbn aj jflrn, `a dko aosaûkbn
`ucdàsf`n. Hrkcfks, `k`ë y pkpë, pnr taoar uok ma tko prnmuobk ao `à. ]uastrk
cnomfkozk `a bk aj vkjnr ba ksu`fr aj tfpn ba rfashns qua `a dkcao astkr vfvn, majfz,
nrhujjns
nrhu jjnsn.
n. Hrko pkrt
pkrtaa ba tnbn astn ns jn baln k vnsntrns.
Fsklajja, Snpdfk y Bkofaj, kpraobn ba vnsntrns ckbk bàk. Fsklajja, `a a`ncfnok jk
prnmuoobfbkb ba tus
prnmu tus saot
saotf`
f`faot
faotns
ns y có`có`nn vfvas tko hao aouufok`
fok`aoaota
ta tu vfbk. Ru
cnosfbarkcfóo, tu sfocarfbkb, tu saosflfjfbkb y tu vkjaotàk sno fospfrkbnrks. @a
asmuarzn pnr sar tko rakj cn`n tù. Snpdfk, as uo pjkcar taoarta kjrababnr. Ru rfsk `a
bk uok hrko majfcfbkb y `a cno`uava snlra`koark tu k`klfjfbkb. Sfa`pra `frks aj
jkbn luaon ba jks parsnoks y ba jks sftukcfnoas, y tu haoarnsfbkb as uo `nbajn pkrk
`à. Bkofaj, tu f`pjfckcfóo skjvkia y aotusfks`kbk cno aj `uobn `a bk aoarhàk. Snjn
varta ‒pajaëobnta cno kj`ndkbks, tfrëobnta baj `uajja, focjusn jayaobn uo jflrn‒
`a dkca snoraàr. V vuastrk curfnsfbkb y hkoks ba cn`praobar aj `uobn qua ons
rnbak `a kyubk k aotaobarjn `ainr. Jns tras vfvàs jk vfbk cn`pjatk`aota. Astny
khrkbacfbn pnr tnbn ao vnsntrns, focjusn cukobn ck`lfk pnrqua cracæfs y taoæfs `ës

axparfaocfk. @a sfaotn tko prfvfjahfkbn pnrqua `a babfquæfs ktaocfnoas, tk

khrkbacfbn ckbk vaz qua iuhk`ns, jaa`ns, ons lkûk`ns, asqufk`ns, `notk`ns a
lfcf, cn`a`
cn`a`nsns n, saocfjjk`ao
saocfjjk`aota,
ta, ast
astk`
k`ns
ns iuo
iuotns…
tns…
V, Ajakonr, `f k`nr, cukjqufar cnsk qua ascrflk ouock sarë sumfcfaota. Astny `ës
kjjë baj khrkbacf`faotn pnr astkr cnotfhn, pnr cn`n cnomàks ao `à dkstk cn`pkrtfr t
yn `ës prnmuobn, jn qua `a dkca cn`pkrtfr cnotfhn `f yn `ës prnmuobn. V jn `ës
f`pnrtkota9 pnr aj ckrfûn y aj k`nr cno aj qua tn`ks `f kj`k.
\abas sncfkjas
dttp9//www.mkcalnne.cn`/a`praskkctf
dttp9//www.mkcalnne.cn`/a`praskkctfvk
vk
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