WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CKEGKCG\ÈF

OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI

MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

]gdkaiaeèf mg if Dakstruddcôk C (DA=<6 N)

]ghf mg Ckvgstcefdcôk2
Dakstruddcôk mgi Zugktg Nufiifef y Fddgsas
Cktgerfktgs2
DA\FI TWÆ\GR, Kc`aii Dgigstg <:63=:>:B
EFK]A ZGIÆGR, Bareg Iucs <:63<::4N
E
HFG\
RF\\
ACK\FWCFRE
,FWkCItaFk\y, \Bnaalkgkrty \ulgk <<::66536=6:7?74D
N
KWÖGR _F_F\CIIFT, Dn Dnrcstapngr Ba Basgpn <:63::?7O

Madgktgs2
Cke. Asdfr Hcrfkmf Aspckfi
Cke. \ulãk Lfiifrma \gygs

ICHF — ZG\Ò
<:<:
WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

6. KAHL
KAHL\G
\G M
MGI
GI Z\A
Z\ASG
SGD]
D]A2
A2

Dakstruddcôk mgi Zugktg Nufiifef y Fddgsas.

<
WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

4
WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

Èkmcdg mgi gxpgmcgktg tãdkcda

6. Fspg
Fspgdt
dtas
as eg
egkg
kgrf
rfig
igss
6.6. Albgtcva m
mg
gi gs
gstumca
6.<. Fktgdgmgktgs
6.<.6.. ]cpa mg pugkt
6.<.6 pugktgg sgeòk gsgstumca
tumca mg
mg ofdtclcicmf
ofdtclcicmfm
m
6.<.<.
6.<.<. Zfræhg
Zfræhgtra
trass mg mcsgö
mcsgöaa utc
utcicz
iczfma
fmass pf
pfrf
rf gi pugkt
pugktgg Nuf
Nufiif
iifef
ef gk gi
gstumca mg ofdtclcicmfm.
6.<.4.. Dasta
6.<.4 Dasta mgi pugktg
pugktg sgeòk su gst gstumca
umca mg ofdtclcic
ofdtclcicmfm
mfm
6.
6.4.
4. Gs
Gstu
tumc
mca
a mgock
mgockctctcv
cva
a y gxp
gxpgm
gmcg
cgkt
ktg
g tãdk
tãdkcd
cda
a
6.=.
6.=. Mgdi
Mgdifr
frfd
fdcô
côk
k mg ch
chpf
pfdt
dta
a fhlc
fhlcgk
gktf
tfii
6.7..
6.7 Zif
Zifk
k mg ddahp
ahpgks
gksfdc
fdcôk
ôk y rgfs
rgfsgkt
gktfhc
fhcgkt
gkta
a ckvai
ckvaiukt
uktfrc
frca-Z
a-ZFD\
FD\CC
6.?
.?.. Gs
Gstu
tum
mca mg fr
frq
qug
uga
aia
iae
eèf

<. Mgsdrc
Mgsdrcpd
pdcôk
côk mgi
mgi pray
praygdt
gdta
a mgoc
mgockct
kctcva
cva
<.
<.6.
6. Mg
Mgsd
sdrcp
rcpdc
dcôk
ôk mgi
mgi scs
scstg
tghf
hf vc
vcfi
fi gk if zakf
zakf
<.<. ]ræocda
<.4.
<.4. ]apa
]apaererfo
foèf
èf,, tr
trfz
fza
aym
mcs
csgö
göa
a vvcf
cfii
<.=
.=.. Ncmr
Ncmra
aia
iaeè
eèf
f g ncm
cmræ
ræu
uicdf
icdf
<.
<.7.
7. Eg
Egai
aiae
aeèf
èf,, p
pgi
gice
cera
ra sè
sèsh
shcd
cda,
a, eg
egat
atgd
gdkc
kcf
f
<.
<.?.
?. Zu
Zugk
gktg
tg y fdd
fddgs
gsas
as — mgsd
mgsdrc
rcpd
pdcô
côk
k mg
mgii pr
pray
aygd
gdta
ta
<.
<.5.
5. Mg
Mgsd
sdrcp
rcpdc
dcôk
ôk mg if gs
gstr
trud
udtu
turf
rf mgi
mgi p
pug
ugkt
ktg
g
<.>
.>.. Tcs
cstg
tgh
hf m
mg
g da
dakstr
kstru
udd
ddcô
côk
k
<.
<.3.
3. Df
Dfkt
ktgr
grfs
fs,, ooug
ugkt
ktgs
gs mg feuf
feuf,, p
pfv
fvch
chgk
gkta
ta
<.6:.
<.6:. Tgöfic
Tgöficzfd
zfdcôk
côk y ssgeu
geurcm
rcmfm
fm vvcfi
cfi
<.
<.66
66.. \gsu
\gsuhg
hgkk mg
mg hgt
hgtrf
rfma
mass
<.6<.
<.6<. Zifza
Zifza mg g
gbgd
bgdudc
udcôk
ôk mg
mg if alrf
alrf

=
 WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

Fspgdta iclrg2 Mgdifrfdcôk mg chpfdta fhlcgktfi.

Mgdifrfdcôk mg chpfdta fhlcgktfi
Gk gstg
gstg dfpè
dfpètu
tuia
ia sg mg
mgsd
sdrcl
rclcr
cræ
æ ia
iass pr
pral
alflflig
igss ch
chpf
pfdt
dtas
as fh
fhlc lcgk
gktf
tfig
igss qu
qugg sg
arceckfrèfk daha daksgdugkdcf mg if chpighgktfdcôk mgi Zraygdta Dakstruddcôk
mgii Zugk
mg Zugktg
tg Nu
Nufi
fiif
ifef
ef y Fddg
Fddgsasas,
s, gk ia iass da
dahp
hpak
akgk
gktg
tgss oèsc
oèscda
das,
s, lc
lcai
aiôe
ôecd
cdas
as y
sadcaduiturfigs dfrfdtgrèstcdas mgi æhlcta mg ckoiugkdcf mgi hcsha.
Hgmca oèscda2
-Fitgrfdcôk mg if dficmfm mgi Fcrg2
If ghcscô
ghcscôk
k mg hftgrc
hftgrcfi
fi pfrtcd
pfrtcduif
uifma
ma sg hfkcoc
hfkcocgst
gstf
f prc
prckdc
kdcpf
pfihg
ihgktg
ktg mur
murfk
fktg
tg ias
havchcgktas mg tcgrrfs fsadcfmas f ifs apgrfdcakgs mg mgslradg y ichpcgzf mgi
tgrrgka pfrf ias trflfbas mg dakstruddcôk mg gstrudturfs, gxpiatfdcôk mg dfktgrfs,
gtd.
Gi chpfdta mcrgdta salrg if dficmfm mgi fcrg adfscakfma par gstfs pfrtèduifs sg
ichctfræ prckdcpfihgktg f ukf orfkbf mg 4: f =: h firgmgmar mgi ærgf mg alrfs y
sgræ mg dfrædtgr tghparfi.

-\ucma2
Ias kcv
kcvgig
gigss mg ruc
rucma
ma sg ckdrgh
ckdrghgk
gktfr
tfræk
æk mgl
mglcma
cma f if apgrfd
apgrfdcôk
côk mg vgn
vgnèdu
èduias
ias,,
hfquckfrcfs, gqucpas, gtd.0 qug sg utciczfræk pfrf if dakstruddcôk mgi pugktg
vgncduifr
Murfktg gstfs fdtcvcmfmgs mg dakstruddcôk mgi pugktg vgncduifr, sg egkgrfræk
kcvgigs mg rucma fitas (mg ?: f 5: mLF), duyas gogdtas tgkmræk ckoiugkdcf mcrgdtf
gk if palifdcôk fsgktfmf, iflarfi y if ofukf scivgstrg sgksclig.
Gi chpfdta egkgrfma par gi ckdrghgkta mg ias kcvgigs mg rucma sgræ kgeftcva, mg
hfekctum hamgrfmf, pgra mg dartf murfdcôk y hgmcfkfhgktg hctceflig parqug sg
pamræk fpicdfr pradgmchcgktas mg rgmuddcôk mg cktgkscmfm mg kcvgigs sakaras gk
ukcmfmgs
ukcm fmgs mg trfks
trfkspartg
partg,, daha ias fpfk
fpfktfiifh
tfiifhcgkta
cgktass fdòs
fdòstcdas
tcdas gk hfqu
hfquckfrc
ckfrcfs
fs
rucmasfs, ckstfifdcakgs mg scigkdcfmargs fdòstcdas, gtd.
-Fitgrfdcôk gk if dficmfm mgi Feuf mgi rca Nufiifef2
Gstg chpfdta kgeftcva y mcrgdta salrg ifs feufs supgrocdcfigs qug sg pamrèfk
daktfhckfr daha daksgdugkdcf mgi ifvfma par if gsdarrgktèf supgrocdcfi mg sugias
qug nfyfk scma daktfhckfmas dak dahlustcligs y iulrcdfktgs, par adurrgkdcf mg
mgrrfhgs fddcmgktfigs a ckfmgdufmas hfkgbas mg dahlustcligs murfktg if dfref
mg ifs hfquckfrcfs mg dakstruddcôk a par mgspgrogdta hgdækcda mg ãstfs.

7
 WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

-Daktfhckfdcôk mg sugias2
Gstg chpfdta kgeftcva gstæ rgogrcma f if pasclig daktfhckfdcôk mgi sugia gk dfsa
mg pramudcrsg mgrrfhgs fddcmgktfigs mg dahlustclig, fdgctg y erfsf, murfktg if
apgr
apgrfd
fdcô
côk
k mg if
ifss ær
ærgf
gfss fuxc
fuxcicf
icfrg
rgss makm
makmg
g sg rgfi
rgficd
cdg
g gi hf
hfkt
ktgk
gkch
chcg
cgkt
kta
a mg if
hfquckfrcf y sg ckmustrcfi
sôicmas mg arcegk fihfdgkgegkgrfmas
dahlustcligs, fsèckstfifdcakgs.
gk gstfs daha par gi frraba mg rgscmuas

Gi rcgsea mg daktfhckfdcôk mgi sugia, ka alstfktg nflgr scma dficocdfma daha

pada scekcocdftcva, mg hamgrfmf pralflcicmfm mg adurrgkdcf, mg prgsgktfrsg sus
go
gogd
gdta
tass sg
sgræ
ræk
k sô
sôia
ia pu
pukt
ktuf
ufig
igs,
s, mg pgqu
pgqugö
göff hf
hfek
ekctctum
um,, pu
pugs
gs ka chpi
chpicd
cdfr
fræk
æk
vaiòhgkgs dakscmgrfligs mg vgrtcma, scgkma mghæs fitfhgktg hctceflig.
-Fitgrfdcôk mg if dficmfm mgi pfcsfbg iadfi2
Murfktg
Murfkt g if dak
dakstr
strudd
uddcôk
côk,, if dficmf
dficmfm
m mg
mgii pfc
pfcsfb
sfbg
g pam
pamrèf
rèf vgr
vgrsg
sg fogdtf
fogdtfmf
mf par if
dakstruddcôk mg ifs ærgfs fuxcicfrgs, fsè daha par gi mgslradg, ichpcgzf mgi
tgrrgka, dartgs, rgiigkas, pradgsas dakstrudtcvas, gtd. Dakscmgrfkma qug gi ærgf
sgigddcakfmf daha ghpifzfhcgkta mgi pugktg sg gkdugktrf gk uk æhlcta dak
ckoiugkdc
ckoiugkdcf
f fktrôp
fktrôpcdf
cdf,, makmg
makmg fdfdtuf
tufihg
ihgktg
ktg gxc
gxcstg
stgk
k tgr
tgrrgk
rgkas
as mg duitcv
duitcva,
a, pupugrt
grtas
as
oiuvcfigs y dakstruddcakgs mg fieukfs vcvcgkmfs ròstcdfs qug oarhfk pfrtg mgi
pfcsf
pfc sfbg
bg mgi iuefr
iuefr,, sg gstch
gstchff qug if fitgrf
fitgrfdcô
dcôk
k mg
mgii pfcsfb
pfcsfbg
g sgr
sgræ
æ mg hfe
hfekct kctum
um
hamgrfmf y sc lcgk nflræ rgdupgrfdcôk mg fieukfs ærgfs if cktgrvgkdcôk mgi
pugk
pu gktg
tg gk gi pfpfcs
csfb
fbg
g sg
sgræ
ræ pgrh
pgrhfk
fkgk
gktg
tg ia ququgg ig da
dako
kocg
cgrg
rg uk
ukff sc
scek
ekcococd
cdfd
fdcô
côk
k
hamgrfmf.
Hgmca lcaiôecda2
-Fitgrfdcôk mg if dalgrturf vgegtfi2
Gstg chpfdta gs kgeftcva mcrgdta, daha sg nf hgkdcakfma fktgrcarhgktg, ias
tgrrgk
tgr rgkas
as pra
prapug
pugstf
stfss pfrf
pfrf ifs ærg
ærgfs
fs fux
fuxcicf
cicfrgs
rgs ka gstæk
gstæk scg
scgkm
kmaa fdt
fdtufi
ufihgk
hgktg
tg
ut
utcicicz
czfm
fmas
as y dugk
dugktf
tfkk dak
dak hu
huyy padf
padf pr
prgs
gsgkgkdc
dcf
f frlu
frlust
stcv
cvf.
f. Tc
Tck
k gh
ghlf
lfre
rea,
a, sg
daks
da kscm
cmgr
grf
f gi mg
mgsl
slra
radg
dg mg vg vgeg
egtf
tfdc
dcôk
ôk ngngrl
rlæd
ædgf
gf mumurf
rfkt
ktg
g if
ifss fd
fddc
dcak
akgs
gs mg
chpighgktfdcôk y apgrfdcôk mg gstfs ckstfifdcakgs, sg gstchf qug ka nflræ
hfyar rgmuddcôk mg if dalgrturf vgegtfi. Gstg gogdta sg pramudcræ tfhlcãk if
ichpcgzf mg if zakf mg ulcdfdcôk mgi pugktg y sus fddgsas. Gi chpfdta mgi
mgslradg mg if vgegtfdcôk sgræ kgeftcva, mg ckgvctflig adurrgkdcf y pgrhfkgktg.
Hgmca sadca gdakôhcda duiturf2
-\cgsea gk if sfium y pasclig adurrgkdcf mg fddcmgktg2
Gi rcgsea mg fogdtfdcôk gk if sfium gk gi gktarka ckhgmcfta fi ærgf mg alrfs gs
huy lfba par if gsdfsf palifdcôk fsgktfmf saia gk if hfregk czqucgrmf y gstfrèf
fsadcfma f if ghcscôk mg hftgrcfi pfrtcduifma y efsgs qug pamrèf fogdtfr uk rcgsea
gk if sfium par fogddcakgs rgspcrftarcfs, prckdcpfihgktg murfktg ias havchcgktas
mg tcgrrfs, Tck ghlfrea gi pgrsakfi mg alrf pugmg vgrsg fogdtfma gk hgmcfkf
hfekctum f ifs fogddcakgs rgspcrftarcfs par ghcscôk mg hftgrcfi pfrtcduifma y
?
 WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

efsgs, murfktg tamas ias pradgsas dakstrudtcvas makmg sg egkgrg havchcgktas mg

tcgrrf, mgslradg, gxdfvfdcakgs, rgiigkas, gxtrfddcôk mg hftgrcfi mg dfktgrf, gtd.
Gk tãrhckas egkgrfigs, gstg chpfdta nf scma dficocdfma daha mg hfekctum lfbf, mg
ckoiugkdcf puktufi y dartf murfdcôk0 dak ukf pralflcicmfm mg adurrgkdcf lfbf ia qug
mgtgrhckf ukf lfbf scekcocdfkdcf dak fitf pasclcicmfm mg fpicdfdcôk mg hgmcmfs mg
hctcefdcôk.
Zar atrf pfrtg, murfktg ifs fdtcvcmfmgs mg apgrfdcôk mg hfquckfrcfs gs pasclig if
adur
ad urrg
rgkd
kdcf
cf mg fdfddc
dcmg
mgktktgs
gs f ia iass tr
trfl
flfb
fbfm
fmar
args
gs,, pa
parr ia tfkt
tfkta,
a, sg rgda
rgdahc
hcgk
gkmf
mf
chpighgktfr mgtgrhckfmfs hgmcmfs prgvgktcvfs mg sgeurcmfm. S pfrf gi dfsa mg
if palifdcôk, pranclcr y rgstrckecr tama ckergsa ka futarczfma f if zakf mg alrfs.
-Fitgrfdcakgs gk if gstrudturf palifdcakfi2
Tg pramudcræ ukf tgkmgkdcf hcerftarcf tghparfi, adfscakfmf par if prgsgkdcf mg
trflfbfmargs gk if zakf y par if palifdcôk qug sg havciczfræ mglcma f ifs
gxpgdtftcvfs mg egkgrfdcôk mg ghpiga.
-Egkgrfdcôk mg ghpiga2
Gstg chpfdta gstæ rgogrcma f ig egkgrfdcôk mcrgdtf mg ghpiga, gs mgdcr, tamas ias
pugstas mg trflfba qug mghfkmfræ if dakstruddcôk mgi pugktg. If mghfkmf mg
hfka
hfk a mg alrf
alrf gstæ
gstæ dakoar
dakoarhfm
hfmff mgsmg
mgsmg if dftgea
dftgearèf
rèf gs
gspgd
pgdcfi
cficzf
czfmf
mf nfs
nfstf
tf ifs
dftgearèfs ckogrcargs y ka gspgdcficzfmfs mg if gsdfif iflarfi0
i flarfi0 vfig mgdcr, pgakgs y
fyumfktgs mg alrf. Dakscmgrfkma qug sg mfræ prgogrgkdcf f if hfka mg alrf
iadfi.
Gk tãr
tãrhck
hckas
as egk
egkgrf
grfigs
igs,, gst
gstg
g chpfdt
chpfdtaa nf scma
scma dfi
dficocd
cocdfma
fma dah
daha a mg ham
hamgrfgrfmf
mf
hfekct
hfe kctum
um y hamgrf
hamgrfmf
mf murfd
murfdcôk
côk,, scgkma
scgkma fmg
fmghæs
hæs mg cko ckoiug
iugkdc
kdcf
f za
zakfi
kfi,, ia qug
qug
mgtgrhckf su hamgrfmf scekcocdfdcôk fhlcgktfi. If adupfdcôk mg hfka mg alrf
mg if zakf, pgrhctcræ ckdrghgktfr ias ckergsas mg ias palifmargs, egkgrfkma
hgbargs dakmcdcakgs mg fddgsas f ias lcgkgs y sgrvcdcas, ia qug f su vgz sg
trfmudcræ gk ukf hgbarf gk gi kcvgi mg vcmf mg if palifdcôk lgkgocdcfmf.

-Mckfhczfdcôk mg if gdakahèf iadfi2

Gi ckdrghgkt
ckdrghgkta a gk if mghfkmf mg lcgkg
lcgkgss y sgrvcd
sgrvcdcas,
cas, fsadcfm
fsadcfmaa f ifs kgdgscmfmgs
kgdgscmfmgs
mg flfs
flfstg
tgdc
dchc
hcgk
gkta
ta mu
murf
rfkt
ktg
g gi pr
prad
adgs
gsaa daks
dakstru
trudt
dtcv
cva
a mg
mgii pu
pugk
gktg
tg y fd
fddg
dgsa
sas,
s,
adfscakfræ uk fuhgkta gk if mckæhcdf dahgrdcfi iadfi. Gstg chpfdta sgræ mg
hamgrfmf hfekctum y hamgrfmf murfdcôk, scgkma fmghæs mg ckoiugkdcf zakfi, ia
qug mgtgrhckf su hamgrfmf scekcocdfdcôk fhlcgktfi.

5
WKC_G\TCMFM KFDCAKFI MG CK
CKEGKCG\ÈF ]GDKAIAEÈF MG I
IF
F DAKT]\WDDCÔK C
OFDWI]FM MG CKEGKCG\ÈF DC_CI DA =<6 N
MGZF\]FHGK]A FDFMÃHCDA MG DAKT]\WDDCÔK

>