Matter and its Properties

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1. atom Smallest particle of an element and the basic unit of matter

2. element any substance that cannot be broken down into simpler

substances

3. molecule two or more atoms bonded together

4. compound a substance formed by the chemical combination of two or

more elements

5. vaporization The change of state from a liquid to a gas

6. boiling vaporization that occurs on and below the surface of a

liquid

7. evaporation vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid

8. condensation The change of state from a gas to a liquid

9. melting The change in state from a solid to a liquid

10. freezing The change of state from a liquid to a solid

11. solid A state of matter that has a definite shape and a definite
volume

12. liquid the state of matter that has a definite volume but not a
definite shape

13. gas a form of matter that does not have a definite volume or
shape

14. matter Anything that has mass and takes up space

15. non-matter does not have mass or volume, but moves matter (ex.
energy)

16. mass A measure of the amount of matter in an object

17. instrument used to measure mass

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triple beam bal-
ance

18. volume The amount of space an object takes up

19. ruler tool used to measure length

20. graduated cylin- instrument used to measure volume of a liquid

der

21. density Mass per unit volume

22. weight A measure of the force of gravity on an object

23. Mixture material composed of two or more elements or com-

pounds that are physically mixed together but not chemi-
cally combined

24. homogeneous A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed

mixture throughout the mixture

25. heterogeneous A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished

mixture easily

26. Solution a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uni-

formly dispersed throughout a single phase

27. Solute The substance that is dissolved in a solution.

Ex. Salt

28. Solvent A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

29. Sublimation A change directly from the solid to the gaseous state
without becoming liquid

30. Deposition refers to the process in which a gas changes directly to a

solid without going through the liquid state

31.

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physical proper- A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed
ty without changing it into another substance

32. physical change a change of matter from one form to another without a
change in chemical properties

33. chemical proper- is a characteristic of a particular substance that can be

ty observed in a chemical reaction

34. chemical change A change that occurs when one or more substances
change into entirely new substances with different prop-
erties.

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