Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus

Rizka A. Maghfirah

1. Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus are belong to what family?

Bacillaceae
2

2. Where is the location of the gene for toxin component of Bacillus anthracis?
(Specific)
pXO1
3

3. Which one is not belong to Bacillus anthracis toxin protein?

Protective Antigen
Protoxin Antigen
Lethal Factor
Edema Factor
2
4

4. Edema toxin is a combination of what toxin protein?

EF + PA
EF + LF
LF + PA
PA + PA
1
5

5. Lethal toxin is a combination of what toxin protein?

EF + PA
EF + LF
LF + PA
PA + PA
3
6

6. Name the substance. This substance can increase the intracellular cyclic
adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels
Edema Toxin
Lethal Factor
Edema Factor
Lethal Toxin
3
7

7. Name the substance. This substance capable of cleaving mitogen activated

protein (MAP) kinase
Edema Toxin
Lethal Factor
Edema Factor
Lethal Toxin
2
8

8. A toxin protein component of Bacillus anthracis will bind to host receptor and
cleave to small fragment and a large fragmen. Name the fragmen that retaining on
the cell surface
PA63 fragmen
9
9. Large fragment of PA is associated on the cell surface and forming heptameric
complex. What is the name of this complex?
(pore precursor or “prepore”
10

10. What is the component of Bacillus anthracis capsule?

Poly-D-glutamic acid
Poly-D-Acetylglucosamine acid
Poly-D-Glucopyrasonyl acid
Rhamnose N-Acetylglucosamine
1
11

11. Three genes (capA, capB, and capC) are responsible for synthesis of this
capsule of Bacillus anthracis. Where is the location of these genes?
pXO2
12

12. Bacillus anthracis has a toxin component that can increase the intracellular
cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. These mechanism is related to what
bacterial species?
Bordetella pertussis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
13

13. How human acquired Bacillus anthracis?

inoculation, ingestion, and inhalation
14

14. Wool’s sorters’ disease is reffers to...

Cutaneous anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
Inhalation Anthrax
4
15

15. Which one is not the clinical manifestation that commonly occur if Bacillus
anthracis invades the cecum or terminal ileum?
Nausea
Vomiting
Malaise
Edema
4
16

16. Which anthrax that has prolonged latent period?

Cutaneous anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
Inhalation Anthax

4
17

17. Neurologic complication is commonly associated with what type of anthrax?

Cutaneous anthrax
Gastrointestinal anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
Inhalation Anthax

4
18

18. Name the staining that useful to stain Bacillus anthracis spore?
malachite green dye
19

19. Mention 3 staining that useful to stain Bacillus anthracis capsule?

India ink (the ink particles are excluded by the capsule so that the background,
but not the area around bacteria, appears black), M’Fadyean methylene blue stain
Direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test developed against the capsular polypeptide
(this is not the answer but just nice to know)
20

20. Name 3 antibiotics that is resistant to Bacillus anthracis infection.

Penicillin, Sulfonamides, Extended spectrum of cephalosporin
21

21. What is the drug of choice of cutaneous anthrax?

Doxycycline
Ciprofloxacin
Amoxicillin
Cefotaxime
3
22

22. What Bacillus cereus enterotoxin that cause emetic form of gastroenteritis?
heat-stable enterotoxin
23

23. What Bacillus cereus enterotoxin that cause diarrheal form of gastroenteritis?
heat-labile enterotoxin
24

24. One of Bacillus cereus enterotoxin capable to stimulates the adenylate cyclase–
cyclic adenosine monophosphate system in intestinal epithelial cells. Name 2
bacterial species that has toxin with similar mechanism
Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae
25

25. Which one is not the toxin that is associated with B. cereus ocular infection
Cereolysin
Heat-labile enterotoxin
Heat-stable enterotoxin
Phospholipase C
3
Heat-labile = necrotic toxin
26

26. Which B. cereus toxin that has potent hemolytic activity?

Cereolysin
Heat-labile enterotoxin
Heat-stable enterotoxin
Phospholipase C
1
27
27. Which B. cereus toxin that act as potent lecithinase?
Cereolysin
Heat-labile enterotoxin
Heat-stable enterotoxin
Phospholipase C
4
28

28. The consumption of rice is associated with what form of B.cereus food
poisoning?
Emetic form
29

29. The consumption of beef is associated with what form of B.cereus food
poisoning?
Diarrheal form
30

30. What form of B.cereus food poisoning that is caused by ingestion of the
enterotoxin?
emetic
31

31. What is the treatment for Bacillus cereus infection?

Vancomycin, clindamycin, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin
32

32.Based on the Gram staining, Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus cereus is classified
to...