Name David Culloty

Student Number G00380167

Course BSc (Hons) in Education (Design and Graphics&

Construction)

Module Applied Science

Title of Project Heat loss from a building – Part A

Supervisor: Mr. Hugh Mullan

Date of deadline: 22/01/21

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Table of contents

Instructions ……….…………………………………………………………..3

Architectural drawings……………………………………………………..4

Part A ………………………………………………………………………….5

Windows…………………….....................................................................5

Doors…………………………………………………………………………...8

Walls……………………………………………………………………………9

Roof…………………………………………………………………………...10

Floor ………....……………………………………………………………….11

Summary……………………………………………………………………..12

Heating system……………………………………………………………..14

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 INSTRUCTIONS
Part A

External structure
Identify and quantify the external structure of your house. Specifically note
the area and make up of, Windows and doors, Walls, Roof and Floor.

Heating system.
Take photographs (with tape measure shown where appropriate) of the
different elements and investigate as much as is practical the makeup of the
various elements.

My house was built in 1997

West facing windows

View from west facing windows - lakes of Killarney/Macgillycuddy reeks

Part B

In class we will be working out the total fabric heat loss from the building. We
will use estimation of information where necessary. We will also examine some
costing

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 Architectural drawings

East
Built in 1997

North South

Top Floor West

Bottom Floor
4
 Part A
External structure

WINDOWS
Area of Windows

West facing windows

Bedroom window – 1.6m x 1.3m = 2.08m²

Bedroom window – 1.6m x 1.3m = 2.08m²

Bedroom window – 2.2m x 1.3m = 2.86m²

West facing windows
Study window – 1.2m x 1.3m = 1.56m²

Hallway window – .7m x 1. 8m x 2 = 2.52 m²

Bay window – 1.7m x 4.7m = 7.99m²

South facing windows

Siting room window – 1.8m x 1.3m = 2.34m²

Hall window – .55 x .66 = .36m². South facing windows

East facing windows

Kitchen window – 2.6m x 1.2m = 3.12m²

Dining room window – 1.7m x 1.3m = 2.21m²

Bedroom window – 2.1m x 1.3m = 2.73m²

Bathroom window – .8m x 1.3m x3 = 3.12m² East facing windows

Bedroom window – 1.6m x 1.3m = 2.08m²

North facing windows

Bathroom window – .8m x 1.3m = 1.04m²

One door window – .9m x 2.0m = 1.80m²

North facing windows

Total area of Windows = 36.85 m²

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 Windows 4 paths to consider……….

Spacer Glazing

Window-wall junction

Frame

Calculations

Window wall junction = 92m

Area of window frames = 0.120m x 92m = 11.04 m²

Length of spacers = 25m

Area of spacers = 0.07m x 25m = 1.75 m²

Area of windows = 38.49 m²

Area of glazing, 38.49 m² - 11.04 m² – 1.75 m² = 25.70m²

Summary of windows - 4 paths considered
Glazing – 25.70m²

Spacers – 25m

Frame (whole frame) – 11.04 m²

Window-wall junction - 92m

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Make up of Windows

Colour
uPVC Frame Soft coat low emissivity glass

The Window Frames are made from uPVC

with double glazed glass windows that
were made by Munster joinery. They have
been virtually maintenance-free for nearly
25 years.

Frame
uPVC is non-conductive, meaning its use
in window frames does not transfer heat
and therefore contributes to a more
consistent internal temperature in a
building. The combination of uPVC frames
and double glazing makes for energy
efficient windows.

Glass
Soft coat low emissivity glass, gas filled to
give long life unit. Space
filled with
gas.

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 DOORS

Area of Doors

External doors – .9m x 2.0m x 3 = 7.2m²

Total area of Doors = 5.40 m²

Make up of Doors

Mahogany Doors
The doors are traditional mortice and Tenon mahogany doors with sealed
attractive panels for durability; they are strong and hardwearing and have a
natural resistance to decay. The outside is finished with black gloss paint and the
inside has a clear lacquer finish. Two doors have glass inserts to let in light.

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WALLS

Area of Walls

West facing Walls

West facing Wall South facing wall
8.25m x 5m = 41.25m²

9m x 2.5m = 22.5m²

South facing walls

13.5m x 2.5m = 33.75m²

East facing walls

8.25m x 5m = 41.25m²

9m x 2.5m = 22.5m²

North facing walls

East facing wall North facing wall
8.5m x 5m = 42.5m²

Area of walls = 203.75m²

Total area of walls = Area of walls - Area of windows - Area or doors
203.75m² - 36.85 m² - 5.40 m² =161.50 m²

Total area of walls = 161.50m²

Make up of walls

The 300mm cavity block

wall construction is made
up of 100mm outer block
with a 100mm cavity filled
with 50mm rigid insulation
and a 100mm inner block.
Both walls are finished with
20mm smooth plaster
finish.

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ROOF - pitched with horizontal insulation

Area of roof

16.5m x 8m = 132m²

8.2m x 5m = 41m²

Total area of roof = 173m²

Make up of roof
The roof is of traditional
construction, it has a 150mm
ceiling joist with Fibreglass
insulation, the joist is finished
with 9.5mm plasterboard with
a 3mm skim coat applied.

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 FLOORS

Area of floors

Bottom floor

9m x 8m = 72m²

Top floor

16.5m x 8m = 132m²

8.2m x 5m = 41m²

Total area of floors = 245m²

72m² + (14m x 8m) = 184 m²

Total area of floors with hardcore base = 184 m²

Make up of floors

The floor construction consists

of 250mm hardcore, 50mm
sand, 3mm damp proof
membrane, 100mm insulation,
200mm concrete floor with a
ceramic tile/ carpet/ timber
finish.

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 SUMMARY

AREAS AND MAKE UP

Windows
Glazing – 25.70m²

Spacers – 25m

Frame (whole frame) – 11.04 m²

Window - wall junction - 92m

Total area of Doors = 5.40 m²

Total area of walls = 161.50m²

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Total area of ceiling = 173m²

Total area of floors with

hardcore base = 184 m²

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 Shown is the Table I will use in part B of project to help work
out the total fabric heat loss from my own house.

Material Element Conductivity k Thickness T(m) Resistance R

Total R = Rt =

Formulae: R=T/k U= 1/Rt

U-value: U = 1 / = W/m2 0 C

U-value = w/m2 0 c

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 HEATING SYSTEM
22 Radiators

1.6m x .5m x 7 = 5.6 m²

1.4m x .5m x 9 = 6.3 m²

.6m x .6m x 6 = 2.16 m²

Total area of radiators = 14.06m²

My house has a two-pipe heating system

connected to an indirect water system.

Hot water is taken from the boiler and fed into

each of the radiators. Two separate pipes go
to each radiator, one feeding the radiator
(flow), and one taking the water away from
the radiator back to the boiler (return). Two
pipe central heating system: flow and
return pipes.

Bleed
valve

Lockshield Valve Radiator Valve

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 Two-pipe heating system

Hot pipe

Cooler pipe

Cooler pipe
Advantages of a two-pipe system for heating.

• Radiators operate at the same temperature.

• Radiators heat the same time.
• Greater control over individual radiators.
.

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Firebird Kerosene Boiler

The Firebird Kerosene Boiler, which is also

referred to as a heat only, or
conventional boiler are generally found
in more traditional heating systems,
providing heat for radiators and separate
hot water cylinders, they are installed as
part of an indirect system. This type of
heating system is particularly suited to
larger households, with multiple
bathrooms, as hot water is stored in a
large volume cylinder capable of
supporting multiple tap outlets at the
same time. Oil is used to heat this type of
boiler in my house, over Christmas it cost
280 euro for 500 litres of oil.

Grundfos circulating pump

This pump is a high-efficiency
circulator pump with
permanent-magnet motor to
continuously variable speed
control for circulation of clean
heating water.

Cylinder

The cylinder is made of copper.

They are designed to heat up
quickly and to retain their heat
for long periods. With an indirect
water system, the copper hot
water cylinder contains a coil of
pipe. This coil forms part of a run
of pipework attached to the
boiler. It is heated directly by
the boiler. Indirectly, it heats the
water in the cylinder.

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Cistern

The cistern is a container for storing water for

use in the house it has several different
applications. It can supply any number of uses
include drinking, washing, cooking, and the
flushing of toilets. Because the water is for
domestic use, it’s important that it is clean and
free from impurities. The cistern is also insulated
to protect the water in the pipe from freezing
in very cold/freezing cold weather. The cistern
is positioned on the ceiling joist.

Radiators

The radiators in my house are attractive and

give off a lot of heat. The front panel with
grooved detail and a white powder coat finish
looks well. They are fitted in all room. They are
made from mild steel, which results in a hard-
wearing, durable radiator which will withstand
repeated use over a prolonged period time and
still perform very well. The flow and return pipes
are connected to the bottom of the radiator.

Pipes

Copper pipes are used to move the water

around the two-pipe hot water heating system
they have lasted over 25 years; they are durability
and corrosion resistance.

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