GROUP 4 ( A WORLD OF REGIONS )

 REGIONS – “ a group of countries located in the same geographically specified

area.”
– “ an amalgamation of two regions or combination of more than two
regions”
 REGIONALISM - “often seen as a political and economic phenomenon”
- “It can be examined in relation to identities, ethics, religion, ecological
sustainability and health.”
- It is also a process, and must be treated as an ‘emergent, socially
constituted phenomenon.

 HOW DO COUNTRIES IN REGION RESDOND ECONOMICALLY AND

POLLITICALLY TO GLOBALIZATION
- China offers its cheap and huge workforce to attract foreign business and
expand trade with countries it once considered its enemies but now sees
market for goods.
- Singapore and Switzerland develop their countries into financial and
banking hubs.
 WHY DO COUNTRIES FORM REGIONAL ORGANIZATION
- “It is a way of coping with the challenges of globalization.”
- Globalization has made people aware of the world in general
1. Military defense
2. To pool their resources, get better returns for their exports as well as
expand their leverage against trading partners.
3. To protect their independence from the pressure of the super politics.
4. Economic crisis compels countries to come together.

 NON-STATE REGONALISM
- “It is not only states that agree to work together in the name of the
single cause. Communities also engage in regional organizing. This
“NEW REGIONALISM” varies in form:

A. 1st – There are tiny associations that focus on a single issue or

huge intercontinental unions that address a multitude of common
problems.
2nd – Organization representing the new regionalism rely on the
Power of individuals, NGO’s.
3rd –non –state regionalism is identified with reformists who shared
the values.
2. Non –State regionalism has different strategies and tactics.
3. Regional organizations dedicate themselves to specialized causes.
4. Non –State regionalism differs from state regionalism in identifying social problems.

 CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES TOO REGIONALISM

1. Regionalism faces multiple challenges, the most serious of which is the
resurgence of militant nationalism and populism.
2. ASEAN members continue to disagree over the extent to which member
countries should sacrifice their sovereignty for the sake of the regional stability.
3. A final challenge pertains to differing visions of what regionalism should be for
4. Western governments may see regional organization not simply as an economic
formations but also as instruments of political democratization.
5. Singapore, China, and Russia see democracy as an obstacle to the
implementation and deepening of economic globalization because constant
public inquiry about economic projects and lengthy debate slow down
implementation or lead to unclear outcomes.