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Mathematics
Quarter 4 - Module 4
(Week 6 to Week 7)

The Law of Sines

 About the Module

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
The Law of Sines. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

This module is divided into two lessons:

Lesson 1 – Oblique Triangle
Lesson 2 – The Law of Sines

After going through this module, you are expected to:

• solve a triangle using Law of Sines
• solve real-life problems involving Law of Sines

ii
 What I Know (Pre-Test)

DIRECTIONS: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose your

answer by writing only the letter of your answer. Write your solutions in some of
the items using a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following triangles is an oblique?

A. acute triangle C. right triangle
B. obtuse triangle D. both a and b

2. What type of triangle does not contain any right angle?

A. acute triangle C. right triangle
B. obtuse triangle D. oblique triangle

3. What contains an acute triangle ?

A. an acute angle C. three acute angles
B. two acute angles D. an obtuse angle

For numbers 4 – 6, refer to the triangle on the right.

L

4. What is the measure of ∠𝐿𝐴𝐵?

55 °
A. 95° B. 77° C. 120° D. 103° 18

5. What is the length of BA?

48 °
A. 15.13 C. 16.33 Figure 1
A
B
B. 21.41 D. 13.73

6. What is the length of AL?

A. 15.13 B. 21.41 C. 16.33 D. 13.73
O
For numbers 7 – 8, refer to the triangle on the right.
7. Which angle can you say for certain is the smallest angle even 17
20

before solving for the triangle?

A. L C. V L V
30
B. O D. Can’t tell due to insufficient data given.
Figure 2

8. In the triangle, what is the measure of the smallest angle if the largest angle
measures 108.08°?
A. 32.59° B. 39.33° C. 100° D. 98.92°

For items 9 – 10, refer to the situation inside the box. E

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Given a triangle ∆𝑅𝐸𝑆, if ∠𝑆 = 75°, 𝐸𝑆 = 10, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑅 = 15 15

R S
9. What is the measure of ∠𝑅? Figure 3

A. 40.09° B. 49.91° C. 64.91° D. 90°

10. What is the measure of RS?

A. 15 B. 18.03 C. 11.88 D. 11.18

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 Lesson Oblique Triangle
1

What I Need To Know

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. define oblique triangle;
2. identify oblique triangle.

What’s In
❖ Introduction
Using your protractor, measure each angle in the given triangles
below. Then, classify whether it is an acute triangle, right triangle, or
obtuse triangle. Write your answer in the space provided.

E 𝑚∠𝑅 = _____
1.) 𝑚∠𝐸 = _____
𝑚∠𝑆 = _____
Classification of ∆𝑅𝐸𝑆 = __________
R S

2.) K 𝑚∠𝐾 = _____

𝑚∠𝐿 = _____
𝑚∠𝑀 = _____
M Classification of ∆𝐾𝐿𝑀 = __________
L

A
3.) 𝑚∠𝐴 = _____
𝑚∠𝐵 = _____
𝑚∠𝐶 = _____
Classification of ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 = __________

B C

What can you conclude about triangles?

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What’s New

Picture 3
Picture 1 Picture 2

Study the pictures above and answer the questions that follow.
1.) Can you see triangular patterns in the given pictures?
2.) Does the triangle you see in the pictures contain a right triangle? If
it does not, what do you call this pattern?
The triangles that you see in the pictures are known as oblique
triangles.

3.) What can you say about oblique triangles?

4.) How would you classify oblique triangles?

What Is It

The activity above gives you an idea of what oblique triangles are and
how they are classified.

CLASSIFICATION OF OBLIQUE TRIANGLE:

Acute Triangle Obtuse Triangle

An Oblique Triangle is a triangle which does not contain any right

angle. It may be classified into two – acute and obtuse.
An acute triangle is a triangle whose angles are all
less than 90°.

An obtuse triangle is a triangle in which one of the

angles is more than 90°.

Bitmoji 1

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What’s More

❖ Activity 1: Classify!
For each triangle, identify the type of triangles as acute, right or obtuse.
Item number 1 is done as an example. Use a separate paper for your
answer sheet.

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 What I Need To Remember

An Oblique Triangle is a triangle which does not contain any

right angle. It may be classified into two – acute and obtuse.

An acute triangle is a triangle whose angles are all

less than 90°.

An obtuse triangle is a triangle in which one of the

angles is more than 90°.
Bitmoji 1

Lesson The Law of Sines

2

What I Need To Know

At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
a. solve a triangle using Law of Sines
b. solve real-life problems involving Law of Sines

What’s In
In the previous module, you have learned how to solve right triangles. Now,
you will learn how to solve non-right triangles. As introduced in Lesson 1 of this
module, an oblique triangle is a triangle that does not have a right angle.

What’s New

Given the triangle below. How will you find the measure of the unknown side
of an oblique triangle ∆𝑆𝐸𝐴, given 𝑠 = 8, 𝑚∠𝑆 = 43°, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐴 = 54° ?
S

e
a

A E
s=8

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 What is It
The law of sines relates to the sides in a triangle and the sines of the
corresponding opposite angles. This lesson will focus on the law of sines and its
application.
The Law of Sines states that:

In any triangle, the lengths of the sides are proportional to the sines of the
angle measures opposite them. C

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= = a
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
b
or
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶 A c B
= =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
The Law of sines can be used in solving oblique triangles when we know any
of these two cases:
1.) when two angles and one opposite side are given;
2.) when two sides and one opposite angle are given.

LAW OF SINES
Case 1: Two angles and one opposite side are given.
Example 1: Solve for the measurement of the unknown variables in ∆𝑆𝐸𝐴,
given 𝑠 = 8, 𝑚∠𝑆 = 43°, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐴 = 54°. Express your final answer
in two decimal places.
S

Solutions: Given: 𝑚∠𝑆 = 43° 𝑠=8

e
𝑚∠𝐴 = 54° 𝑒 =? a
𝑚∠𝐸 =? 𝑎 =?

Solve for 𝑚∠𝐴: A E

s=8
Since the two angles of the triangle are given, by the angle sum result
(the sum of the measure of the angles in a triangle is 180°), you have:
𝑚∠𝑆 + 𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝐸 = 180°
43° + 54° + 𝑚∠𝐸 = 180°
𝑚∠𝐸 = 180° − 97°
𝒎∠𝑬 = 𝟖𝟑°
Solve for a:
By using the Law of Sines, you have
𝑎 𝑠
= Sine Law
sin 𝐴 sin 𝑆
𝑎 8
= Substitute the given
sin 54° sin 43°

𝑎 sin 43° = 8 sin 54° Cross multiply

8 sin 54°
𝑎= To solve for side a, divide both sides of the
sin 43°
equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 43°
8(0.8090)
𝑎= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 54° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 43°
0.6820

𝒂 ≈ 𝟗. 𝟒𝟗

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Solve for e:
𝑒 𝑠
=
sin 𝐸 sin 𝑆

𝑒 8
= Substitute the given
sin 83° sin 43°

𝑒 sin 43° = 8 sin 83° Cross multiply

8 sin 83°
𝑒= Divide both sides of the equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 43°
sin 43°

8(0.9925)
𝑒= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 83° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 43°
0.6820

𝒆 ≈11.64

LAW OF SINES
Case 2: Two sides and one opposite angle are given.
Example 2: Given ∆𝑁𝐵𝑅, 𝑚∠𝑅 = 100°, 𝐵𝑁 = 10, 𝑁𝑅 = 6. Find the measure of ∠𝐵 to the
nearest hundredths.
Solution: In the problem, you are given the measurements of the two sides
and one opposite angle. To solve for ∠𝐵, we will use the formula.
N
𝐵𝑁 𝑁𝑅
= Sine Law
sin 𝑅 sin 𝐵
6
10 6
= Substitute the given to the equation
sin 100° sin 𝐵

10 100 ° R 10 sin 𝜃 = 6 sin 100° Cross multiply

6 sin 100°
sin 𝐵 = Divide both sides of the equation by 10
10

𝜃 6 sin 100°
𝐵 = sin−1 ( )
10
B Solve for the measure of ∠B.
𝑩 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟐𝟐° Since we are solving for an angle,
then we use 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛.

Therefore, ∠𝑩 = 𝟑𝟔. 𝟐𝟐°

Example 3. Two angles of a triangle are 48° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 57° . Find the length of the
other two sides of the triangle if the longest side measures 50cm.
Solution: Sketch the triangle first using the given measurements.

Remember!
a 𝜃 c
The longest side of a triangle is
opposite the largest angle, and the
48 ° 57 °
shortest side is opposite the smallest
b= 50cm angle.

In the figure, 𝜃 = 180° − (48° + 57°)

𝜃 = 180° − (105°)
𝜃 = 75°

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 Since 𝜃 is the largest angle, it is opposite the longest side. Use the sine law
to solve for the two other sides.

𝑐 50
=
sin 48° sin 75°

𝑐 sin 75° = 50 sin 48° Cross multiply

50 sin 48°
𝑐= Divide both sides of the equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 75°
sin 75°

50(0.7431)
𝑐= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 48° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 75°
0.9659

𝒄 = 𝟑𝟖. 𝟓 𝒄𝒎

Similarly,

𝑎 50
= sin 75°
sin 57°

𝑎 sin 75° = 50 sin 57° Cross multiply

50 sin 57°
𝑎= Divide both sides of the equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 75°
sin 75°

50(0.8387)
a= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 57° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 75°
0.9659

𝒂 = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟒 𝒄𝒎

Example 4. An electric post is anchored to the ground by two guy wires attached
on the opposite sides. The guy wires make angles of 35° and 48° with
the ground and are 75m apart. What is the length of each wire?

𝜃 c
a

35 ° 48 °

75 m

In the figure, since two angles of the triangles are given then,
𝜃 = 180° − (35° + 48°)
𝜃 = 180° − (83°)
𝜃 = 97°

Since 𝜽 = 𝟗𝟕°, then you can now solve the measure of the wire using the
Sine Law,

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 Solve for wire c:
𝑐 75
= sin 97°
sin 35°

𝑐 sin 97° = 75 sin 35° Cross multiply

75 sin 35°
𝑐= Divide both sides of the equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 97°
sin 97°
75(0.5736)
c= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 35° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 97°
0.9925

𝒄 = 𝟒𝟑. 𝟑𝟒 𝒎

Solve for wire a:

𝑎 75
= sin 97°
sin 48°

𝑎 sin 97° = 75 sin 48° Cross multiply

75 sin 48°
𝑎= Divide both sides of the equation by 𝑠𝑖𝑛 97°
sin 97°

75(0.7431)
a= Simplify by substituting the values of sin 48° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 sin 97°
0.9925

𝒂 = 𝟓𝟔. 𝟏𝟓 𝒎
Therefore, the wire measures 𝟒𝟑. 𝟑𝟒 𝒎 and 𝟓𝟔. 𝟏𝟓 𝒎.

What’s More

Activity 3: It’s Your Turn!

INSTRUCTIONS: Find the value of the unknown variables in the given triangles
below. A
48°
10
1.) R 2.) 3.) 6
72 °
25
x 100 °
30 °
x M O
9.5 Solve for: ∠𝐴, ∠𝑀, 𝑂𝑀
N 𝜃
B
31

4.) If a diagonal is drawn, a parallelogram forms two similar triangles. Find the
measure of the smallest angle of the triangle if the larger angle measures 54.33°,
and if the sides of a parallelogram measure 15cm and 8cm?

5.) A triangular garden has dimensions shown in the figure below. What is the
measure of the third side of the triangular garden?
32m

89.94° x
20m

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 What I Need To Remember

The Law of Sines states that:

In any triangle, the lengths of the sides are proportional to the sines of the
angle measures opposite them. C

𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
= = b a
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶

or A c B
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 sin 𝐶
= =
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐

The Law of sines can be used in solving oblique triangles when we know any
of these two cases:
1.) when two angles and one opposite side are given;
2.) when two sides and one opposite angle are given.

What I Can Do

Activity 3: Explore!
For numbers 1 – 2, find the missing measurement of the triangles below and
identify whether it is acute, obtuse, or neither. Write AC if it is acute, OB if it is
obtuse, and NE if it is neither. (Note: The sum of all angles of a triangle is 180°)

For
items 3 – 4, solve for the missing measure of the oblique triangles.

B
3.) If 𝑚∠𝐴 = 30°, 𝐵𝐶 = 4, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐶 = 6, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐵, 𝐴𝐵
4.) If 𝑚∠𝐵 = 105°, 𝑚∠𝐴 = 44° 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴𝐶 = 22, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝐶, 𝐴𝐵, 𝐵𝐶

A C

5. The topic in this module, the Law of Sine has been proven to be a reliable
way of solving an oblique triangle. A person is reliable if he can be trusted to do
things efficiently to the right moments or situations. In what way have you proven
to your friends and parents that you are reliable in this time of pandemic?

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 Assessment (Post Test)
DIRECTIONS: Read and analyze each item carefully. Choose your answer
in the given choices. Write your solutions in some of the items using a separate sheet
of paper. NOTE: If there is no possible answer, solve it on your own and show your
solution.
1. Which of the following is a triangle whose angles are all less than 90°?
A. acute triangle C. right triangle
B. obtuse triangle D. both a and b
2. Which of the following is a triangle in whose one angle is more than 90°?
A. acute triangle C. right triangle
B. obtuse triangle D. oblique triangle
3. Which of the following triangles can be solved using Sine Law?
A. B. 5.9
C. 5.9
D. 5.9
x 9.69 x x
30 ° 25 ° 30 °
𝜃 30 °

5 5 5 5

For items 4 – 6, refer to the triangle on the right

R
4. What is the angle opposite side RC?
A. ∠R C. ∠M
B. ∠C D. ∠𝑅𝐶𝑀
M C
Figure 1
5. In ∆𝑀𝑅𝐶, if ∠𝑀 = 25°, ∠𝑅 = 85°, 𝑀𝐶 = 23.57, then RC is __.
A. 10.5 B. 22.23 C. 18.4 D. 10

6. In ∆𝑀𝑅𝐶, if ∠𝑀 = 25°, ∠𝑅 = 85°, 𝑀𝐶 = 23.57, then ∠𝐶 is __.

A. 37° B. 70° C. 53° D. 43°

7. In ∆𝑀𝑅𝐶, if ∠𝑀 = 25°, ∠𝑅 = 85°, 𝑀𝐶 = 23.57, then 𝑀𝑅 is __.

A. 10.5 B. 22.23 C. 18.4 D. 10

For items 8 – 9, refer to the triangle on the right. E

8. Which angle can you say for certain is the largest angle even 5
3
before solving for the triangle?
A. Y C. S
Y S
B. E D. Can’t tell due to insufficient data given. 7
Figure 2

9. What is the measure of the smallest angle if the largest angle measures 120°?
A. 32.59° B. 31.31° C. 21.79° D. 38.21°
10. Three houses in a subdivision A, B, C form a 35° − 50° − 95° triangle, with house
B built on the 35° vertex and house A on the 50° vertex. If the distance between
house A and house C is 50m. What is the distance between houses C and B ?
C

Figure 3

A B

A. 66.78m B. 86.84m C. 37.44m D. 45.66m

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Activity 3: Explore!
1. 58° − 𝐴𝐶
2. 50° − 𝑁𝐸
3. ∠𝐵 = 48.59°
𝐴𝐵 = 7.84
4. ∠𝐶 = 31°
𝐴𝐵 = 11.73
𝐵𝐶 = 15.82
Activity 1: Classify!
2. Right
3. Obtuse
4. Right
5. Obtuse
6. Acute

𝑥 = 14.50
𝑀 = 56.44°
𝑂𝑀 = 11.98
7. Right

Activity 2: It’s Your Turn!

1. 𝜃 = 52.58°
2. 𝑥 = 12.16
3. 𝐴 = 93.56°
4. 𝜃 = 25.68°
5. 𝑥 = 25𝑚
8. Obtuse
required.
Remember: This portion of the module contains all the answers. Your HONESTY is
Answer Key (With Explanations)
References

Text Book

Deauna, Melecio C. and Lamaya, Florita C. Basic Trigonometry (Quezon City,

Manila City: Sibs Publishing House, Inc.), 124 - 131

Merden L. Bryant, et.al, Mathematics Learner’s Material 9 (Meralco Avenue,

Pasig City: Vibal Group, Inc.,), 477 – 478.

Nivera, Gladys C. and Lapinid, Minie Rose C. 2013. Grade 9 Mathematics:

Pattern and Practicalities (Chino Roces Avenues, Makati City: Salesiana
Books by Don Bosco Press.), 468 – 475.

Robles, Elizabeth L. MSA Trigonometry (Vista Verde Executive Village: MSA

Publishing House), 104 – 107.

Websites

Picture 1: https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/436989970065252136/
Picture 2:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Barnsley_fern_plotted_with_VisSim.PNG
Picture 3: https://www.tripadvisor.com.ph/ShowUserReviews-g1498929-
d6536875-r387638877-Osmena_Peak-Dalaguete_Cebu_Island_Visayas.html
“Classifying Triangles”, Math Antics Worksheets, accessed April 20, 2021,
url: https://www.mathantics.com/files/pdfs/Worksheets_Triangles.pdf
“Angles in a Triangle”, Kuta Software – Infinite Geometry, accessed April 20,
2021, url: https://cdn.kutasoftware.com/Worksheets/Geo/4-
Angles%20in%20a%20Triangle.pdf

Congratulations!
You are now ready for the next module. Always remember the following:

1. Make sure every answer sheet has your

1. Name
2. Grade and Section
3. Title of the Activity or Activity No.
2. Follow the date of submission as agreed with your teacher.
3. Keep the modules with you.
4. Return them at the end of the school year.

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