Date:13th July 2020

SLIDE NO. 01

Week-08

Lecture-02

ASCE-7-05 Wind Load Provisions (Conti…) and Sample

Problem related to Gust Effect Factor (G)

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 02

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Pressure Coefficient Cp

The Cp factor is a function of building shape , and whether the wind load induces
inward or outward pressures

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 03

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Pressure Coefficient Cp

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 04

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Pressure Coefficient Cp

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 05

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Pressure Coefficient Cp

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 06

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

• Enclosure Classification

Based on that there are three types of building 1) Open Building, 2) Partially
Enclosed Building, and 3) Enclosed Building.

Open Building: A building having each wall at least 80 percent open. This
condition is expressed for each wall by the equation Ao ≥ 0.8 Ag where

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 07

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Partially Enclosed Building: The total area of openings in a wall that

receives positive external pressure exceeds by more than 10% but not
greater than 20%.

Enclosed Building: Building structures which are not compliant with

the category of partially enclosed and open buildings.

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 08

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

• Internal Pressure Coefficient (GCpi)

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 09

Wind Load Distribution

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 10

Wind Load Distribution

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 11

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

• Gust Effect Factor G

This factor accounts for dynamic amplification of loading in the along-

wind direction due to wind turbulence and structure interaction.

For rigid structures (defined as those having a natural frequency of

vibration greater than 1 Hz), the engineer may use a single value of G =
0.85, irrespective of exposure category.

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 12

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

As an option to using G = 0.85, the engineer may calculate a more

accurate value by including specific features of the wind environment
at the building site. The gust effect factor, G, is given by improved
method as

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 13

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Iz is the intensity of turbulence at height z , and z is the equivalent

height of the structure defined as 0.6h but not less than zmin for all
building heights h. zmin and c are listed for each exposure in Table 6.2 of
ASCE 7-05, gQ and gv shall be taken as 3.4. The background response,
Q, is given by

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 14

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

where B, h are defined width and height of the building; and Lz is the integral
length scale of turbulence at the equivalent height given by

in which l and ε are constants listed in Table 6.2 of ASCE 7-05.

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 15

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 16

Sample Problem on Gust Factor (G)

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 17

Sample Problem on Gust Factor (G)

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 18

ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE—METHOD 2, OVERVIEW

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
 Date:13th July 2020
SLIDE NO. 19

Sample Problem on Gust Factor (G)

Observe this is not much different from G = 0.85 permitted for rigid
structures, because its natural frequency of 1.1 Hz, is nearly equal to
1.0 Hz, the cut-off frequency between rigid and flexible structures.

Structural Design and Drawing (CE-422), Dr. Aslam Faqeer Mohammad

Copyrights Protected – Department of Civil Engineering, NED University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi