LESSON: QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND ITS TYPE

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
● Is especially useful in studies involving large groups or multiple observations, for
theory, model, hypothesis testing, and those examining relationships between two or
more variables.
● Studies using this may be able to come up with generalized conclusions that may be
reasonably assumed to hold true to most, if not all cases, of a phenomenon.
● It is defined as a systematic, empirical investigation of social phenomena using tools
of mathematics and statistics.
● It involves quantification or measurement and usually involves statistical values.

MEASUREMENT AND QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

● Quantitative research approach is best for addressing research problems or questions
that require quantification or measurement.
● It is most suitable for investigating human, social, behavioral, or organizational aspects
or characteristics that can be measured.
● Examples
○ A group of pregnant mothers;
○ Students from the College of Engineering
○ Call Center agents earning PHP 20,000/month.
● Is it useful in answering questions that deal with measurements:
○ How much?
○ How often?
○ How long?
○ What are the differences between?
○ Is there a significant relationship?

TYPES OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

1. Descriptive
● Generally concerned with investigating, measuring, and describing one or more
aspects or characteristics of one or more groups, communities, or
phenomenon.
● Sample Study
○ A description of how parents feel about the twelve-month school year
○ A study of the kinds of physical activities that typically occur in nursing
homes, and how frequently each occurs.
2. Experimental
● Attempts to approximate methods used in natural sciences and social setting
● Actively manipulate conditions or inputs to observe the outcomes.
● Sample Study
○ Potential of Pervious Drainage Concrete as an Alternative to
Conventional Drainage System
 ○ The Anti-Microbial Activity of Tamarind Pulp (Tamarindus indica)
Ethanolic Extract on Gram-Positive Bacteria Staphylococcus aureus

3. Correlational
● A positive relationship means that high values of one variable correspond with
high values of the other; a negative relationship means that high values of one
variable correspond with low values in the other.
● Sample Study:
○ The relationship between the types of activities used in math classrooms
and student achievement
○ The covariance of smoking and lung disease
4. Causal-Comparative
● Compares one or more measurable characteristics of two or more similarities
and differences between them.
● The result is useful in generating insights and characteristics of both groups.
Determine the possible underlying causes of the similarities and differences.
● SAMPLE STUDY:
○ The effect of an aerobic exercise program on children’s rates of obesity
○ A Comparative Study on Eco-brick (Structural Cylinder) with Raw Abaca
Materials and Standard Concrete Cylinder