QUARTER: 4

Week: 9
Subject: SCIENCE Grade Level: Grade 7
Date: Day: 3
Content Standard: The learners demonstrate the understanding of the relationship
of the seasons and the position of the sun in the sky.
Performance Standard: The Learner shall be able to analyze the advantage of the
location of the Philippines in relation to the climate, weather,
and seasons.
Competency: Show what causes change in the seasons in the Philippines using
models
(S7ES-IVi-10)
I. OBJECTIVES At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
Knowledge Identify one cause why seasons change.
Skills Illustrate how the direct rays of the Sun relates to change of
seasons.
Attitude Give importance of seasons in relation to events/festivities.
II. CONTENT Seasons
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References

1. Teacher’s Guide Grade 7 Teacher’s Guide p. 211-214

Pages
2. Learner’s Materials Grade 7 Learners’ Manual pp. p. 127-132
Pages
3. Textbook Pages

4. Additional Materials
5. Learning Resource
(LR) portal
B. Other Learning https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b25g4nZTHvM
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Reviewing or The teacher will conduct a short review of the lessons discussed
presenting the new in the last meeting by conducting an oral recitation.
lesson
Note to the teacher: The teacher may bring candies or gifts for
students who can answer the prepared questions correctly.

B. Establishing a purpose Point out to the students that there are factors that causes
for the lesson seasons to change:
1. Tilting of the Earth
Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA
Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
 2. Revolution around the sun
3. the Direct rays of the Sun
4. the Length of daytime.

C. Presenting examples of
the new lesson

Key Questions:
1. How does the sun’s rays differ in each location?

D. Discussing new Show a video clip about the seasons: Seasons and the Sun
concepts and
practicing new skills https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b25g4nZTHvM
#1
Ask students’ understanding based on the video presented using
small group discussions.

Let them organize their ideas and after few minutes, assign one
question for every group and let them share their ideas:
1. How is the angle related to temperature?
2. Which part of the Earth receives direct rays of the
Sun in December?
3. What may happen if the Sun’s rays strikes the ground
at a lower angle? High angle?
Explain to the students the following concepts:

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
E. Discussing new “Direct rays” means that the rays of the Sun hits the ground at
concepts and 90 degrees. The rays are vertical or perpendicular to the ground.
practicing new skills When the Sun’s rays strike the ground at a high angle, each
#2 square meter of the ground receives a greater amount of solar
energy than when the rays are inclined. The result is greater
warming.
On the other hand, when the Sun’s rays come in at an oblique
angle, each square meter of the ground will receive a lesser
amount of solar energy. That’s because at lower angles, solar
energy will be distributed over a wider area. The place will then
experience less heating up.
F. Developing Mastery What’s the angle to do with the seasons change?
The seasons change because the direct rays of the Sun shift from
one hemisphere to the other as the Earth goes around the Sun.

Demonstrate this simple experiment to the students:

*Turn on the flashlight and measure the surface area covered by

the light rays at this angle. Record the results. You may vary the
angles.
1. Did you find any differences in the area covered by light rays
Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA
Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
 as you varied the angle of the flashlight? Explain..

G. Finding practical
applications of
concepts and skills in
daily living
H. Making Group the students into six and let them complete the
Generalizations and metacognition statements:
abstractions about the
lesson 1. My choosen word is…..
2. I know that I know that…..
3. First I know that…..
4. In addition, I know that…
5. Finally, I know that…
6. Now, you know something that….
I. Evaluating learning Ask the learners:
1. What are the factors that causes seasons to change?

J. Additional Activities Worksheet (Language Integrated- Reading)

for application or (See attachment)
remediation
1. REMARKS
2. REFLECTION
A. No. of learners who
earned 80% in the
evaluation
B. No. of learners who
require additional
activities for
remediation
C. Did the remedial
lessons work? No. of
learners who have
caught up the lesson
D. No. of learners who
continue to require
remediation
E. Which of my teaching
strategies worked well?
Why did these work?
F. What difficulties did I
encounter which my
principal and
supervisor help me
solve?
Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA
Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
 G. What innovation or
localized I
used/discover which I
wish to share with other
teacher?

Seasons Reasons
(Language Integrated- Reading)
You have noticed that the weather changes during the year. It is hotter during the summer and colder
in winter. It’s somewhere in between during spring and fall. These are the seasons. It is a regular
change in temperature that repeats every year.

What causes these changes? The Sun is our main source of heat. These changes are the same every
year. Does it have anything to do with the movement of Earth around the Sun? Is Earth closer to the
Sun during summer and farther during winter? This seems to be a good answer. If you believe that,
that’s right, you’re wrong! The seasons in the Northern and Southern Hemisphere are reversed.
When it is summer in Utah, it is winter in Australia. (Hint – Australia and Utah are the always the
same distance from the Sun all year!)

Besides, that the Earth's orbit is an ellipse, not a circle. At some times Earth is closer to the Sun than
at others; but this ellipse is very nearly a circle. The distances from Earth to the Sun do change
through the year. The distances don’t matter. It’s like standing 10 feet from a fire and then moving
six inches closer or farther away. You won’t notice any difference in the heat. Guess what? The
Earth is closer to the Sun during the northern hemisphere winter! So much for that idea!

What, then, is, the cause of the seasons?

D
What causes this? The Earth’s axis is tilted of 23.5°.
In the diagram on the left, you can see the Earth revolving around the
Sun. At position A, the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun. It
is summer in Utah; it is winter in Australia. Six months later Earth is a
A C position C. The southern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun. It is
summer in Australia; it is winter in Utah.
As the Earth revolves around the Sun, this axis points in the same
B direction. It points towards Polaris, the North Star. This is why different
parts of Earth tilt towards or away from the Sun throughout the year.

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
What has this to do with temperature? When the northern hemisphere tilts away from the Sun, the
sunlight (heat energy) comes in at a smaller angle. We receive indirect sunlight. This means that the
same amount of light is distributed over a larger surface. These places receive less heat than the
others. The temperatures become cooler.

When the northern hemisphere tilts towards the Sun, the sunlight (heat energy) comes in at a larger
angle. We receive direct sunlight. This means that the same amount of light is distributed over a
smaller surface. These places receive more heat than the others. Temperatures become warmer.

The seasons are then the result of this tilt of the Earth's axis. If the tilt of the Earth's axis was 0°
there would be no difference in how the rays from the Sun hit its different regions, and there would
be no seasons.

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
Not all planets have the same kind of tilt as the Earth has: Uranus, for example, has a tilt of almost
98°. Its axis, then, lies almost on the plane of its orbit, and a day there lasts about as much as one
year on Uranus: about 84 Earth-years.
Earth's Tilt Is the Reason for the Seasons!
(Modified from Windows to the Universe)

Seasons change depending on the amount of sunlight (heat energy) reaching the Earth as it revolves
around the Sun.

We have seasons for two reasons. The first is that Earth is tilted 23.5o on its axis. The second is that
Earth revolves around the Sun.

Summer happens in the hemisphere tilted towards the Sun. Winter happens in the hemisphere tilted
away from the Sun. As the Earth travels around the Sun, the hemisphere that is tilted towards or
away from the Sun changes. The hemisphere that is tilted towards the Sun is warmer because
sunlight travels more directly to the Earth’s surface.

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
The hemisphere tilted towards the Sun has longer days and shorter nights. That’s why days are
longer during the summer than during the winter.

At the equator there are no seasons because each day the Sun strikes at about the same angle. Every
day of the year the equator receives about 12 hours of sunlight.

The poles remain cool because they are never tilted in a direct path of sunlight. During midwinter,
when a pole is tilted away from the Sun, there is no daylight at all. The Sun never rises! However,
during the summer, a pole receives sunlight all the time and there is no night!
ASK! Oct. 2007, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 12-13
Copyright © Carus Publishing Company. Oct. 2007.
Why Darkness Falls
By Galadriel Watson

 In ancient times, people believed gods controlled night and day. Egyptians, for example,
thought the Sun god Ra disappeared at dusk into the underworld, where he had to fight off a
demon of darkness before rising each dawn. Today, science has a different idea.

Night and Day

The imaginary rod rammed straight through Earth--one end poking out of the North Pole, the other
out of the South Pole--is called Earth's axis. Earth spins on this axis [rotation]. When the side of
Earth you're on faces the Sun, it's day. When it faces away from the Sun, it's night. It takes 24 hours
for Earth to make one complete turn.

Winter and Summer

The farther you live from the equator, the longer your days are in summer and the shorter they are
in winter. This is because while it spins, Earth travels in a second way, too, in a most circular path
around the Sun. This path is called an orbit [revolution].

If Earth stood straight up and down, this orbit wouldn't make a difference. But, Earth tilts on its
axis in one direction. In June, the northern half of Earth tilts toward the Sun, so the farther north an
Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA
Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
area is, the longer it faces the Sun during one complete spin of the Earth--and the longer its days. In
December, the north tilts away, and the opposite happens.

Good Night Sun

Because of the way Earth tilts, the Sun disappears completely from view at the North Pole from
October 7 through March 4. Countries that surround the polar region receive as little as two hours of
Sunlight each winter day. During that same period at the South Pole in Antarctica, the Sun never
sets. From March to October, the tilt brings 24-hour Sun to the north and 24-hour darkness to the
south.

 Earth spins on its axis at 1,000 miles per hour. We don't notice the speed because our
bodies are used to the constant movement. Gravity keeps us from flying off.

Seasons Reasons
Checkpoints:
1. There are _______ seasons during the year. (Enter a number)
2. Temperatures change in a random pattern through the year.
a. True b. False
3. This is our main source of heat.
a. Electricity c. Natural Gas
b. Moon d. Sun
4. We have seasons because Earth is closer to the Sun in the winter than the summer.
a. True b. False
5. Which is closest to the Sun in winter, Australia or Utah?
a. Australia c. Neither
b. Utah

6. Earth’s orbit is a(n)…

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3
 a. annuls. c. ellipse.
b. circle. d. semi-circle.
7. During which northern hemisphere season is Earth closest to the Sun.
a. Fall c. Summer
b. Spring d. Winter
8. The Earth’s axis is tilted ______o. (Enter a number)
Match the season with the Earth’s position in the diagram on pg. 1. (Answers may be used more
than once or may not be used at all)

_____9. Winter (southern hemisphere) A. A

_____10. Summer (northern hemisphere) B. B
_____11. Winter (northern hemisphere) C. C
_____12. Summer (southern hemisphere) D. D

13. The autumnal equinox occurs between which events? (There are two answers to this question.)
a. Autumnal equinox c. Vernal equinox
b. Summer solstice d. Winter solstice
14. The vernal equinox occurs between which events? (There are two answers to this question.)
a. Autumnal equinox c. Vernal equinox
b. Summer solstice d. Winter solstice
19. The summer solstice occurs between which events? (There are two answers to this question.)
a. Autumnal equinox c. Vernal equinox
b. Summer solstice d. Winter solstice
20. At the equator, there are ______ seasons. (Enter a number)
21. When the North Pole has 24 hours of daylight, the South Pole will have 24 hours of darkness.
a. True b. False

Prepared by: ANGELYN P. ABUEVA

Teacher I, Mabinay Science High School
Mabinay District 3