A.

DATA-DATA:

o Panjang Bentang, L = 13,1 m

o Tinggi kuda-kuda atap, H1= 0,9 m
H2= 0,9 m
o Sudut kemiringan, ∝ = 20 0
o Jarak kuda-kuda atap, B =4,6 m
o Kecepatan angin, V = 77 km/jam
o Mutu baja, BJ = Bj-34, σ =1400 kg/cm2

B. IDEALISASI STRUKTUR

1. Panjang Batang Tepi Atas A1 sampai A6 sama, yaitu 1,394 m

1
A1 = 2 ( L ) 1 2. Panjang Batang Tepi Bawah
x
cos 20 5
L
1 B1 =
10
= 2 ( 13 , 1) 1
x 13 ,1
0,939 5 =
10
13 , 1
= = 1,31 m
9,396
B1 sampai B6 sama, yaitu 1,31 m
= 1,394 m

3. Panjang Batang Vertikal

a) V1 = H1 =0,90 m
b) V2 = H1 + (B1 x tan 20)
= 0,90 + (1,31 x 0,363)
= 0,90 + (0,476)
= 1,377 m
c) V3 = H1 + (2/10 x L) x tan 20
= 0,9 + (2/10 x 13,1) x 0,363
= 1,584 m
d) V4 = H1 + (B1+B2+B3) x tan 20
= 0,9 + (1,31+1,31+1,31) x 0,363
=2,330 m
e) V5 = H1 + (B1+B2+B3+B4) x tan20
= 0,9 + 5,25 + 0,363
= 2,807 m
f) V6 = H1 + (5/10 x L) x tan 20
= 0,90 + (0,5 x 13,1) x 0,363
= 3,284 m
g) V7 = V8 = H2 = 0,90 m

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4. Batang Diagonal
a) D1 =√ V 1 2+ B 12 = √ (0 ,9)2 +(1 , 31)2 = 1,589 m

b) D2 =√ V 22+ B 22 = √ (1,377)2 +(1, 31)2 = 1,90 m

c) D3 =√ V 32+ B 32 = √ (1,854 )2 +(1 ,31)2 = 2,270 m

d) D4 =√ V 4 2+ B 4 2 = √ (2,330)2 +(1, 31)2 = 2,673 m

e) D5 =√ V 5 2+ B 52 = √ (2,807)2 +(1 ,31)2 = 3,098 m

sin O sin(γ N 3)
f) D6  =
D6 (A 6)
sin 70 x (1,394)
D 6=
sin 72,096
D6 = 1,377 m

5. Sudut-Sudut pada Tiap Titik Buhul

1) γ (A) = 900 =1800 – 900 – 43,570
2) γ (C1) = arc tan (B1/V1) = 46,430
= arc tan (1,31/0,90) 4) γ (F2) = 900 – γ (F1)
= 55,510 = 900 – 46,430
1) γ (C2) = arc tan (V1/B1) + ∝ = 43,570
= arc tan (0,90/1,31) +200 5) γ (F3) = γ (D3) = 900
= 54,480 6) γ (G1) = γ (E1) = 700
2) γ (D1) = 1800 – γ (A) – γ (C1) 7) γ (G2) = arc tan (B3/V3)
= 1800 – 900 – 55,510 = arc tan (1,31/1,85)
=34,490 = 35,250
3) γ (D2) = 900 – γ (D1) 1) γ (G3) = 1800 – γ (G1) – γ (G2)
= 900 – 34,490 = 1800 – 700 – 35,250
= 55,510 = 74,750
4) γ (D3) = 900 2) γ (H1) = 1800 – γ (G2) + γ ( F3)
5) γ (E1) =1800 – γ (C2) – γ ( D2) = 1800 – 35,250- 900
=1800 – 54,480 – 55,510 = 54,750
= 700 3) γ (H2) = 900 – γ (H1)
1) γ (E2) = arc tan (B2/V2) = 900 – 54,750
= arc tan (1,31/1,377) = 35,250
= 43,570 4) γ (H3) = 1800 – γ (H1) – γ (H2)
2) γ (E3) = arc tan (V2/B2) + ∝ = 1800 – 54,750 – 35,250
= arc tan (1,377/1,31) +200 = 900
= 66,420 5) γ (I1) = γ (G1) = γ (E1) = 700
3) γ (F1) = 1800 – γ (D3) – γ (E2) 6) γ (I2) = arc tan (B4/V4)

[ ]
 = arc tan (1,31/2,33) = 29,340
7) γ (I3) = 1800 – γ (I1) – γ (I2) = 700
= 1800 – 700 – 29,340 15) γ (L1) = 1800 – γ (J3) – γ (K2)
= 80,660 = 1800 – 900 – 25,010
8) γ (J1) = 900 – γ (I2) = 64,980
= 900 – 29,340 16) γ (L2) = 900 – γ (L1)
= 60,660 = 900 – 64,980
9) γ (J2) = γ (I2) = 29,340 = 25,020
10) γ (J3) = 1800 – γ (J1) – γ (J2) 17) γ (M1) = arc tan (A5/V7)+ ∝
= 1800 – 60,660 - 29,340 = arc tan (1,31/0,90)+200
= 900 = 72,090
11) γ (K1) = 1800 – γ (J2) – γ (I3) 18) γ (M2) = arc tan (D6/V8)- ∝
= 1800 – 29,340 – 80,660 = arc tan (1,377/0,90)-200
= 70 0 = 37,900
12) γ (K2) = arc tan (B5/V5) 19) γ (N1) = 1800 – γ (K3) – γ (L2)
= arc tan (1,31/2,807) = 1800 – 25,010 - 84,990
= 25,010 = 700
13) γ (K3) = 1800 – γ (K1) – γ (K2) 20) γ (N2) = γ (M2) = 37,900
= 1800 – 70 0 - 25,010 21) γ (N3) = γ (M1) = 72,090
= 84,990 22) γ (O1) = 1800 – γ (M2) – γ (N3)
14) γ (K4) = 1800 – γ (K2) – γ (K3) = 1800 – 37,900 – 72,090
= 1800 – 25,010 - 84,990 = 700

Tabulasi Idealisasi Struktur

Panjang Batang
Batang tepi atas Batang tepi bawah
A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5
m m m m m m m m m m m
1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3 1,3
94 94 94 94 94 94 10 10 10 10 10

Batang vertikal Batang diagonal

V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6
m m m m m m m m m m m m m m
0,9 1,3 1,8 2,3 2,8 3,2 0,9 0,9 1,5 1,9 2,2 2,6 3,0 1,3
00 77 54 30 07 84 00 00 89 00 70 73 98 77

Sudut Sudut pada Tiap Titik Buhul

γ (A) γ (C)1 γ (C)2 γ (D)1 γ (D)2 γ (D)3 γ (E)1 γ (E)2
90,00000 55,51004 54,48996 34,48996 55,51004 90,00000 70,00000 43,57577

[ ]
 γ (E)3 γ (F)1 γ (F)2 γ (F)3 γ (G)1 γ (G)2 γ (G)3 γ (H)1
66,42423 46,42423 43,57577 90,00000 70,00000 35,25007 74,74993 54,74993
γ (H)2 γ (H)3 γ (I)1 γ (I)2 γ (I)3 γ (J)1 γ (J)2 γ (J)3
35,25007 90,00000 70,00000 29,34184 80,65816 60,65816 29,34184 90,00000

γ K)1 γ (K)2 γ (K)3 γ (K)4 γ (L)1 γ (L)2 γ (M)1 γ (M)2

70,00000 25,01642 84,98358 70,00000 64,98358 25,01642 72,09681 37,90319

γ (N)1 γ (N)2 γ (N)3 γ (O)1

70,00000 37,90319 72,09681 70,00000

C. RENCANA GORDING
1. Jarak Gording
o Atap yang dipakai atap seng dengan ukuran p = 1,80 m; l = ±90 cm.
o Jarak antara gording = 1,394 m

[ ]
2. Sistem Pembebanan Gording

[ ]
3. Dimensi Gording
a) Beban-beban yang diperhitungkan :
a. Beban mati, (PMI 1970)
 Penutup atap (PPIUG 1983 (BAB II) = 10 kg/m2

 Berat penutup atap x jarak antar gording (1,394m) = 13,94 kg/m

 Berat sendiri gording, pada tahap awal ditaksir = 10,0 kg/m +
1) Jumlah, (DL Q) = 23,94 kg/m

b. Beban hidup, (PMI 1970)

2) Beban terpusat di tengah batang, (LL P) = 100 kg/m

c. Beban angin, (PMI 1970)

2
V 2 ( 77 x 0,278 ) 458 ,21
Tekanan angin = = = =28 , 63 kg/m2
16 16 16
3) Beban angin datang, (LL Wd)
LL Wd = Tekanan angin x (0,02∝ - 0,4) x jarak gording
LL Wd =28,63 x ((0,02x20) – 0,4)) x 1,394 = 0 kg/m
4) Beban angin pergi, (LL Wp)
LL Wp = Tekanan angin x (-0,4) x jarak antar gording
LL Wp = 28,63 x (-0,4) x 1,394 = -15,96kg/m

d. Kombinasi pembebanan
 Pembebanan tetap = DL Q + LL P
 Pembebanan sementara = DL Q + LL P + LL Wd atau
= DL Q + LL P + LL Wp

b) Tegangan izin, (PPBBI 1984)

 Pembebanan tetap = 1400 kg/cm2
 Pembebanan sementara = 1,3 x 1400 = 1820 kg/cm2

c) Lendutan maksimum, (PPBBI 1984)

Batas lendutan maksimum arah vertikal (beban mati + beban hidup),
1 1
f maks = xB= x 460=1 , 84 cm
250 250

d) Variasi bebas (tanpa batang tarik gording)

a. Momen
1) DL Q; Mxq = 1/8 . Q . Cos ∝ . B2
= 1/8 . 23,94 . Cos 20 . (4,6)2
= 59,503 kg.m = 5950,3 kg.cm
Myq = 1/8 . Q . Sin ∝ . B2
[ ]
 = 1/8 23,9 . Sin ∝ 20 . (4,6)2
= 21,657 kg.m = 2165,7 kg.cm

2) LL P; Mxp = 1/4 . P . Cos ∝ . B

= 1/4 . 100 . Cos 4,6 . 4,6
= 108,065 kg.m = 10806,5 kg.cm
Myp = 1/4 . P . Sin ∝ . B
= 1/4 . 100 . Sins 20 . 4,6
= 39,332 kg.m = 3933,2 kg.cm

3) LL Wd; Mxwd = 1/8 . Wd . B2

= 1/8 . 0 . 4,62
= 0 kg.m
Mywd = 0; Wdy = 0

4) LL Wp; Mxwp = 1/8 . Wp . B2

= 1/8 . (-15,96) . 4,62
= -42,214 kg.m = -4221,4 kg.cm
Mywp = 0; Wpy = 0

b. Pembebanan Tetap
Mx maks= Mxq + Mxp
= 5950,3 + 10806,5
= 16756,8 kg.cm
My maks= Myq + Myp
= 2165,7 + 3933,3
= 6099 kg.cm

c. Pembebanan Sementara
Mx maks= Mxq + Mxp + Mxwd
= 5950,3 + 10806,5 + 0
= 16756,8 kg.cm
My maks= Myq + Myp + Mywd (a)
= 2165,7 + 3933,3 + 0
= 6099 kg.cm
Atau
Mx maks= Mxq + Mxp + Mxwp
= 5950,3 + 10806,5 + (-4221,4)
= 12535,4 kg.cm
(b)
My maks= Myq + Myp + Mywp
= 2165,7 + 3933,3 + 0
= 6099 kg.cm

d. Tahanan Momen Perlu

Dari kombinasi diatas, ambil momen yang terbesar.
1) Pembebanan Tetap:
Mx maks = 16756,8 kg.cm
My maks = 6099 kg.cm

[ ]
 Mx My 1
σ= + ≤σ  Wy= Wx
Wx Wy 8

Mx 8 My 2
σ= + ≤ 1400 kg . cm
Wx Wy

16756 ,8+ 8(6099)

σ= =1400
Wx

65548 , 8 3
Wx= =46 , 8 cm
1400

2) Pembebanan Sementara
Mx maks = 16756,8 kg.cm
My maks = 6099 kg.cm

Mx + 8(My) 1
σ= ≤ 1820 kg . cm  Wy = Wx
Wx 8

16756 ,8+ 8(6099) (a)

σ= ≤ 1820
Wx

65548 , 8 3
Wx= =36 , 0 cm
1820

Atau

Mx + 8(My) 1
σ= ≤ 1820 kg . cm  Wy = Wx
Wx 8

12535 , 4+8 (6099) (b)

σ= ≤1820
Wx

61327 , 4 3
Wx= =33 , 7 cm
1820

Pembebanan Pembebanan Pembebanan

Tahanan Tetap Sementara (a) Sementara (b)
momen cm3 cm3 cm3
wx 46,8 36,0 33,7

3) Dimensi Profil Gording (dari Tabel)

Profil wx wy Ix Iy Berat
cm3 cm3 cm4 cm4 kg/m'
INP 14 81,9 10,7 573,0 35,2 14,4
C 12 60,7 11,1 364,0 43,2 13,4

Dimensi C12 ( 120 x 55)

[ ]
 Dimensi INP 14 (140 x 66)

Kontrol Tegangan

Beban mati (DL Q) baru, Q = Q seng sendiri + berat INP

= 13,94 + 14,4
= 28,34 kg/m

Q = Q seng sendiri + berat C

= 13,94 + 13,4
= 27,34 kg/m

e) Momen
1) DL Q, Mxq= 1/8 . Q cos ∝ B2
= 1/8 . 28,34 cos 20 . (4,6)2
= 7043,9 kg.cm
INP 14
Myq= 1/8 . Q sin ∝ B2
= 1/8 . 28,34 sin 20 . (4,6)2
= 2563,8 kg.cm

Mxq= 1/8 . Q cos ∝ B2

= 1/8 . 27,34 cos 20 . (4,6)2
= 6795,3 kg.cm
C 12
Myq= 1/8 . Q sin ∝ B2
= 1/8 . 27,34 sin 20 . (4,6)2
= 2473,3 kg.cm

2) LL P, Mxp= 1/4 . P . cos ∝ . B

= 1/4 . 100 . cos 20 . 4,6
= 10806,5 kg.cm

Myp= 1/4 . P . sin ∝ . B

= 1/4 . 100 . sin 20 . 4,6
= 3933,2kg.cm

3) LL Wd, Mxwd = 1/8 . Wd . B2

= 1/8 . 0 . (4,6)2
= 0 kg.cm
Mywd = 0 kg.cm; Wdy = 0 kg.cm

4) LL Wp, Mxwp = 1/8 . Wp . B2

= 1/8 . -15,94 . (4,6)2

[ ]
 = - 4217 kg.cm
Mywp = 0 kg.cm; Wdy = 0 kg.cm

f) Pembebanan Tetap,

Mx maks = Mxq + Mxp

= 7043,9 + 10806,5
= 17850,3 kg.cm
INP 14
My maks = Myq + Myp
= 2563,8 + 3933,2
= 6497 kg.cm

Mx maks = Mxq + Mxp

= 6795,3 + 10806,5
= 17601,8 kg.cm
C 12
My maks = Myq + Myp
= 2473,3 + 3933,2
= 6406,5 kg.cm

g) Pembebanan Sementara,

Mx maks = Mxq + Mxp + Mxwd

= 7043,9 + 10806,5 + 0
= 17850,3 kg.cm
INP 14
My maks = Myq + Myp + Mywp
= 2563,83 + 3933,2 + 0
= 6497 kg.cm

Mx maks = Mxq + Mxp + Mxwd

= 6975,3 + 10806,5 + 0
= 17601,8 kg.cm
C 12
My maks = Myq + Myp + Mywp
= 2473,3 + 3933,2 + 0
= 6406,5 kg.cm

h) Tegangan yang Terjadi

o Pembebanan tetap,
Mx maks My maks 2
(INP 14) σ = + ≤ 1400 kg /cm
Wx Wy

[ ]
 17850 ,3 6497 2
σ= + ≤ 1400 kg /cm
81, 9 10 ,7
2 2
825 kg /cm ≤ 1400 kg /cm  Ok

Mx maks My maks 2
(C 12) σ = + ≤ 1400 kg /cm
Wx Wy

17601 , 8 6406 ,5 2
σ= + ≤1400 kg/cm
60 ,7 11, 1
2 2
867 , 1 kg /cm ≤ 1400 kg/cm  Ok

o Pembebanan sementara,
Mx maks My maks 2
(INP 14) σ = + ≤ 1820 kg /cm
Wx Wy
17850 ,3 6497 2
σ= + ≤ 1820 kg /cm
81, 9 10 ,7
2 2
825 kg /cm ≤ 1820/cm  Ok
Mx maks My maks 2
(C 12) σ = + ≤ 1820 kg /cm
Wx Wy

17601 , 8 6406 ,5 2
σ= + ≤1820 kg/cm
60 ,7 11, 1
2 2
867 , 1 kg /cm ≤ 1820 kg/cm  Ok

Kontrol Lendutan

4 3
5 Q. cos ∝ . B 1 P .cos ∝. B
fx= x + +
384 Elx 48 Elx
4 3
5 28 ,34 . cos 20. 4 , 6 1 100 .cos 20. 4 , 6
fx= x 5
+ + 5
384 21. 10 .573 48 21.10 .573

fx=0 , 29 cm
INP 14
4 3
5 Q .sin ∝ . B 1 P . sin ∝. B
fy= x + +
384 Ely 48 Ely
4 3
5 28 , 34 . sin20. 4 , 6 1 100 . sin 20. 4 ,6
fy= x 5
+ + 5
384 21. 10 .35 , 2 48 21. 10 .35 , 2

fy=1 , 70 cm

f =√ fx + fy
2 2

f =√ 0 , 292 +1 ,702
f =1 , 73<1 ,84  aman (syarat nilai f <1,84)

[ ]
 4 3
5 Q. cos ∝ . B 1 P .cos ∝. B
fx= x + +
384 Elx 48 Elx
4 3
5 27 , 34 . cos 20. 4 , 6 1 100 cos 20. 4 ,6
fx= x 5
+ + 5
384 21.10 .364 48 21.10 .364

fx=0 , 45 cm
C 12
4 3
5 Q .sin ∝ . B 1 P . sin ∝. B
fy= x + +
384 Ely 48 Ely
4 3
5 27 , 34 . sin 20. 4 , 6 1 27 ,34 . sin20. 4 , 6
fy= x 5
+ + 5
384 21. 10 .43 ,2 48 21.10 .43 , 2

fy=1 , 37 cm

f =√ fx 2+ fy 2
f =√ 0 , 45 .2 +1 ,37 2
f =1 , 44< 1, 84  aman (syarat nilai f <1,84)

[ ]
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