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AQA Chemistry GCSE Unit 4.1 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table – Higher
a d g k
Draw and label an atom. Include labels for the following: What are the symbols for the following elements? Complete and balance the following equations. What is Separating Mixtures
neutron, proton, electron. the name of the compound formed? What are the following separation techniques?
Element Symbol
Mg + O2 MgO
oxygen
lithium Be + S BeS
sodium
Be + F2
potassium
K + Cl2
helium
b e
Fill in the table to show the charges and mass of the Complete the following diagram for sodium, include the
components of an atom. atomic number and the atomic mass number.
proton
neutron Na
i
Name the compounds and the elements they contain.
electron
What separation technique would you use to separate out
What is the overall charge of an atom?
NaCl - different inks in pens?
Positive What is the mass number?
Negative MgO -
No charge How do you calculate neutron number?
MgS -
Why have you circled the ones you have? MgCl2 = lithium fluoride = 1.
2.
K20 = sodium hydroxide = 3.
4.
2
AQA Chemistry GCSE Unit 4.1 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table – Higher
a d g j
Complete the electronic structure diagrams for: List 3 halogens Complete the following dot and cross diagrams for: Describe the plum pudding model of the atom.
oxygen , , , NaCl Draw a diagram.
magnesium
MgO
Write balanced symbol equations for the following reactions:
Why did scientists believe this model?
bromine + potassium iodide
b
Describe why the noble gases are so unreactive. k
chlorine + sodium iodide Describe what the alpha scattering experiment showed
scientists.
Na + NaOH +
1
AQA Chemistry GCSE Unit 4.1 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table – Higher Answers
a d g k
Draw and label an atom. Include labels for the following: What are the symbols for the following elements? Complete and balance the following equations. What is Separating Mixtures
neutron, proton, electron. the name of the compound formed? What are the following separation techniques?
Element Symbol
2Mg + O2 2MgO
oxygen O
magnesium oxide
lithium Li Be + S BeS
beryllium sulphide
sodium Na
Be + F2 BeF2
electrons
beryllium fluoride
protons potassium K
neutrons 2K + Cl2 2KCl
helium He potassium chloride
True or false? Distillation
1. The radius of an atom is 0.1nm True carbon C
h
2. Most of the mass is in the shell of the atom. False, most Mixtures
of the mass is in the centre magnesium Mg Write the definition of a mixture. Give two examples.
neutron 0 1 Na
i
Name the compounds and the elements they contain.
electron -1 very small Fractional distillation
11 atomic number
What is the overall charge of an atom?
NaCl - sodium chloride, sodium and chlorine What separation technique would you use to separate out
No charge What is the mass number?
different inks in pens?
Total number of protons and neutrons. MgO - magnesium oxide, magnesium and oxygen
How do you calculate neutron number?
MgS - magnesium sulfide, magnesium and sulfur Chromatography
Atomic mass – proton number
c FeS - iron sufide, iron and sulfur
A compound is 2 or more elements, chemically joined.
How can salt be collected using the process of crystallisation?
f
Isotopes are elements with a different number of By heating up a mixture of salt and water, the water will
Which of the following are compounds?
neutrons but the same number of protons, e.g. carbon j evaporate and leave the salt in the bowl.
Put a ring round them. What is the ratio of the elements in the following
12 and carbon 14.
compounds?
oxygen, salt water, magnesium oxide, sodium chloride, Sand and water can be separated by using a process called
How can you use isotopes to calculate the relative atomic filtration.
nitrogen e.g. CaO = 1:1 NaCl = 1:1
mass? Write down the equation.
Why have you circled the ones you have? Describe, in 4 steps, how to collect salt from rock salt.
Ar = sum of (isotope abundance x isotope mass number) MgCl2 = 1:2 lithium fluoride = 1:1 1. Grind the mixture;
They have 2 or more elements in the word equation. sum of abundances of all the isotopes.
2. Add water and stir;
K20 = 2:1 sodium hydroxide = 1:1:1 3. Filter the mixture;
4. Evaporate the salt water and salt is left over.
2
AQA Chemistry GCSE Unit 4.1 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table – Higher Answers
a d g j
Complete the electronic structure diagrams for: List 3 halogens Complete the following dot and cross diagrams for: Describe the plum pudding model of the atom.
oxygen chlorine, fluorine, iodine, astatine NaCl Draw a diagram.
A sphere of positive
How many electrons do they have in their outer shell?
charge with electrons
7 electrons
dotted about; looking like a plum
Describe how the reactivity changes as you go down the pudding.
group.
They become less reactive, the atom becomes larger
because there are more electron shells, further from the
magnesium
nucleus so the pull of the nucleus is less. So the electron
is less likely to be gained as there is less of a positive pull.
MgO
Write balanced symbol equations for the following reactions: