Nueva Vizcaya State University

College of Engineering
Bayombong, Nueva Vizcaya
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Name
REVIEW MATH SOLID GEOMETRY
Course & Yr

I.
POLYHEDRONS A. SOLIDS FOR WHICH VOLUME = BASE A prism with non-parallel bases.
Polyhedrons are solids whose faces are plane AREA X HEIGHT
polygons 1. Prism
V = AR
∑h
Regular polyhedrons are those which have Prisms are polyhedron whose bases n
identical faces (Platonic Solids) are equal polygons in parallel planes
1. Regular tetrahedron and whose sides are parallelograms
h 1 +h2 +⋯+ hn
A R=
n

2. Cylinders:
A cylinder is a surface generated by
2. Regular hexahedron The axis of a prism is the line joining a straight line intersecting and
the centroids of the bases. A right moving along a closed plane curve,
prism is one whose axis is the directrix, while remaining parallel
perpendicular to the base. The to a fixed straight line (called the
altitude of the prism is the distance axis) that is not on or parallel to the
between the bases. plane of the directrix.
3. Regular octahedron

4. Regular dodecahedron
Volume:
V = A b h= A R L
A =P L
Lateral Area: L R
Ab = area of the base
AR = area of right section Right Cylinder Oblique Cylinder
5. Regular icosahedron
L = lateral edge
PR = perimeter of right section
Volume:
V = A b h= A R L
Rectangular Parallelepiped: A =P R L
Lateral Area: L
Where AR = area of right section
Let m = number of polygons meeting at a Ab = area of base
vertex L = lateral edge/slant height
n = number of vertices of each polygon PR = perimeter of right
f = number of faces of the polyhedron section
e = number of edges of the polyhedron V =abc h = height/altitude
v = number of vertices of the polyhedron A L=2( ac+ bc )
A s=2( ab+bc +ac ) B. SOLIDS FOR WHICH VOLUME = 1/3 X
For any polyhedron: d 1 =√ a + b
2 2 BASE AREA X HEIGHT
nf s= √ a2 +b 2 +c 2
e= 1. Pyramids
Number of edges: 2 Cube: Pyramids are polyhedrons with a
nf V = a3 polygonal base and triangular faces
v= that meet at a common point called
Number of vertices: m A L= 4 a 2
the vertex.
Radius of circumscribing sphere: A s= 6 a2
3V d 1 =a √ 2
r=
As s= a √ 3
Truncated Prism:
 Lateral Area:
A L=π rL V =13 A zone r
2
V = πr 2 h
Frustum of a Cone: 3

Spherical Lune and Wedge:

V = 13 ( A1 + A 2 + √ A 1 A 2 ) h

Frustum of a Right Circular Cone:

Volume:
V=1 A h
3 b
Alune 4 πr 2 πr 2 θ
Ab = area of the base = o
orAlune = o
θ 360 90
H = altitude, perpendicular distance from 4 3
V wedge πr
L= √h2 +( R−r)2
3
the vertex to the base 3 πr θ
= orV wedge =
Slant height: θ 360o 270o
Frustum of a Pyramid: A L=π ( R+ r ) L Spherical Polygons:
Lateral Area: A spherical polygon is a polygon on the
surface of a sphere whose sides are arcs
C. SPHERE of great circles.
n = no. of sides
E = spherical excess
r = radius of sphere

πr 2 E
V = 13 ( A1 + A 2 + √ A 1 A 2 ) h A=
180o
2. Cones E=sum of angles - (n−2)180o
Cone is the surface generated by a Spherical Pyramid:
straight line, the generator, passing πr 3 E
through a fixed point, the vertex, and V=
moving along a fixed curve, the 540 0
directrix. Spherical Segment of One Base:

D. SOLIDS OF REVOLUTION (Theorems of

Pappus)
First Proposition of Pappus: The surface
area generated by a surface of revolution
A zone =2 π rh equals the product of the length of the
πh2 generating arc and the distance travelled
V= (3 r−h) by its centroid.
3
Volume:
V = 13 A b h Spherical Segment of Two Bases:

A s=2 π rh
Right Circular Cone: πh 2 2 2
A s=LC
V = (3 a +3 b +h )
Slant height: s= √r 2 +h2 6 L= length of arc
C=Rx( angle of rotation in rad, θ )
Spherical Cone or Spherical Sector:
Volume:
V = 13 πr 2 h If θ= 360o , A s=L(2 πR)
 Second Proposition of Pappus: The Two solids are similar if any two corresponding into the pool. Find the depth of water at
volume generated by a solid of revolution sides or planes are proportional. All spheres the deep end.
equals the product of the generating area and cubes are similar. a. 2.912 m c. 2.842 m
and the distance traveled by the centroid. 1. The areas of similar figures or b. 2.695 m d. 2.754 m
V = AC= A( Rθrad ) similar surfaces have the same ratio 9. A pyramid whose altitude is 7 ft weighs
o
If θ= 360 , V = A (2 πR ) as the squares of any two 800 pounds. At what distance from its
E. ELLIPSOID corresponding sides. base must it be cut by a plane parallel to
2. The volumes of similar solids have its base so that two solids equal weight
the same ratio as the cubes of two will be formed.
corresponding lines. a. 3.500 ft c. 1.444 ft
b. 5.556 ft d. 2.856 ft
PRACTICE PROBLEMS: 10. The surface area of a regular tetrahedron
1. A rectangular bin 4 feet long, 3 feet wide, is 173.2 sq. cm. What is its altitude?
and 2 ft high is solidly packed with bricks a. 8.2 cm c. 7.2 cm
4 whose dimensions are 8 in. by 4 in. by 2 b. 9.6 cm d. 6.5 cm
V = π abc in. Find the number of bricks in the bin. 11. The diameter of two spheres are in the
3 a. 68 c. 648 ratio 2:3. If the sum of their volumes is
Prolate Spheroid: Prolate spheroid is
b. 386 d. 956 1.260 cu.m, find the volume of the larger
formed by revolving an ellipse about its
2. The base edge of a regular hexagonal sphere.
major axis, thus, c = b, then
prism is 6 cm and its bases are 12 cm a. 972 cu.m c. 856 cu.m
4 2 apart. Find the volume in cu. cm. b. 927 cu.m d. 865 cu.m
V = π ab
3 a. 1563.45 c. 1896.37 12. A hemispherical bowl was filled to a depth
2 arcsin e b. 1058.45 d. 1122.37 of 6” with a mixture compounded from
A s=2 πb +2 π ab
e 3. A trough has an open top 0.30 m by 6.0 equal parts of two liquids, one white and

e=
√ a −b
2 2 m and closed vertical ends which are
equilateral triangles 30 cm on each side.
the other black. After standing for a short
time, the mixture separated, the black
a It is filled with water to half its depth. Find liquid setting below the white. If the
Oblate Spheroid: Oblate spheroid is the volume of water in cubic meters. thickness of the segment of white liquid is
formed by revolving an ellipse about its a. 0.058 c. 0.037 2”, find the volume of the liquid in the
minor axis, c = a, then b. 0.046 d. 0.065 bowl.
4 2 4. A frustum of a pyramid has an upper a. 656.67 in3 c. 622.45 in3
V = πa b
3 base 100 m by 10 m and a lower base of b. 640.89 in 3
d. 603.19 in3
πb 2 1+e 80 m by 8 m. If the altitude of the frustum 13. An ice cream cone is filled with ice cream
A s=2 πa2 + ln
e 1−e is 5 m, find its volume. and more ice cream is placed on top. The
a. 4567.67 cu.m c. 4066.67 cu.m diameter of the hemisphere is equal to
F. PARABOLOID OF REVOLUTION b. 3873.33 cu.m d. 2345.98 cu.m the diameter of the cone. If the
5. A circular cylinder is circumscribed about hemispherical surface is equal to the
a right prism having a square base one lateral surface of the cone, find the
meter on an edge. The volume of the volume of ice cream given that the radius
cylinder is 6.283 cu.m. Find its altitude in of the hemisphere is 25 mm.
meters. a. 64,055.47 mm3 c. 56,424.66 mm3
3
a. 5 c. 6 b. 67,119.33 mm d. 61,064.71 mm3
1 b. 4.5 d. 4 14. A solid material in the form of a
V = πr 2 h 6. A solid spherical steel ball 20 cm in rectangular parallelepiped, 4 m x 6 m x 8
2 diameter is placed into a tall vertical m, is painted blue. If you cut completely

[( ) ( )]
3
4 πr r2 2 2 r 3 cylinder containing water, causing the through the whole block to form cubes 1
A L= 2 +h − water level to rise by 10 cm. What is the m on an edge, how many cubes will have
3h 4 2 radius of the cylinder? blue faces?
a. 12.14 cm c. 10.28 cm a. 156 c. 87
G. PRISMATOID b. 9.08 cm d. 11.55 cm b. 112 d. 144
Prismoidal Formula: 7. A conical vessel one meter diameter at 15. A prism with an altitude of 15 cm has a
the top and 60 cm high holds salt at a base in the form of a regular octagon
depth of 36 cm from the bottom. How inscribed in a square 10 cm x 10 cm. Find
many cc of salt does it contain? the volume of the prism.
h
V = ( A1 +4 A m+ A 2 ) a. 37.214 c.35.896 a. 1,435.66 cm3 c. 1,242.65 cm3
6 b. 33.929 d. 31.574 b. 1,105.77 cm 3
d. 1,327.39 cm3
8. A swimming pool is rectangular in shape 16. The base of a pyramid is a square 6 m on
NOTE: A certain solid is a prismatoid if all of length 12 m and width 5.5 m. It has a its sides. If its axis 10 m long makes an
sections parallel to a certain bas are all similar. sloping bottom and is 1 m deep at one angle of 60o with the horizontal, find the
end and 3.6 m deep at the other end. The volume of the pyramid.
SIMILAR SOLIDS: water from a full cylindrical reservoir 3.6 a. 30 m3 c. 128.06 m3
3
m in diameter and 10 m deep is emptied b. 84.72 m d. 103.92 m3
17. If the surface area of a cube is increased 26. The corners of a cubical box touch the is the volume of the smaller segment cut
by 20%, by how any percent is the closed spherical shell that encloses it. by the plane?
volume increased? The volume of the box is 2744 cc. What a. 352.45 cc c. 254.78 cc
a. 31.45% c. 52.12% volume, in cc, inside the shell is not b. 299.36 cc d. 368.87 cc
b. 25.50% d. 19.58% occupied by the block? 36. Given a right circular cone and a right
18. A cone having a radius of 1 m and an a. 1356 cc c. 3423 cc circular cylinder with the same radius and
altitude of 2.50 m has its axis vertical. It b. 4721 cc d. 7623 cc volume. If the cone is 18 cm tall, how tall
contains water to a depth of 0.50 m. If the 27. A source of light is placed along the 20-m is the cylinder?
container is inverted, how deep is the line connecting the centers of two a. 9 cm c. 10 cm
water in it? spheres. If the radii of the spheres are 2 b. 6 cm d. 12 cm
a. 1.97 m c. 1.79 m m and 5 m, how far from the larger 37. A 20 cm high square pyramid is cut by a
b. 1.64 m d. 1.46 m sphere must the light be placed so that plane parallel to and 7 cm from its base.
19. The base of a truncated prism is a the areas illuminated on the two spheres What is the ratio of the area of the new
rectangle with length twice its width. The are equal? smaller base to the base of the original
edges perpendicular to the base are 12 a. 11.70 m c. 12.20 m pyramid?
m, 12 m, 16 m, and 16 m, consecutively. b. 0.80 m d. 1.30 m a. 0.626 c. 0.268
If the volume of the truncated prism is 28. The lateral edge of a frustum of a regular b. 0.423 d. 0.639
8,200 m3, find the length of its base. pyramid is 1.8 m long. The upper base is 38. When a plane is cut from a right circular
a. 42.33 m c. 43.23 m square 1 m by 1 m and the lower base is cone, the cut section can have the
b. 24.33 m d. 34.23 m 2.4 m x 2.4 m square. Determine the following shape except:
20. The upper and lower radii of a frustum of volume of the frustum in cubic meters. a. rectangle b. ellipse
a right circular cone are 8 cm and 32 cm, a. 4.6 c. 5.7 b. circle c. triangle
respectively. If the altitude of the frustum b. 3.3 d. 6.5 39. The volume of ta frustum of a rectangular
is 10 cm, how far from the bottom base 29. The volume of water in a spherical tank is pyramid is 79.17 m3. Its upper base is
must a cutting plane be made to form two 1470.265 cc. Determine the depth of 2.50 m x 4 m and its altitude is 5 m. Find
similar frustums? water if the tank has a diameter of 30 cm. the area of the lower base.
a. 6.67 cm c. 6.33 cm a. 8 cm c. 4 cm a. 32.50 m2 c. 22.50 m2
b. 3.33 cm d. 3.66 cm b. 6 cm d. 10 cm b. 42.50 m2 d. 62.50 m2
21. The bases of a certain solid measure 3 m 30. Spherical balls 1.5 cm is diameter are 40. Given a cube of side 1 m. Find the
x 5 m and 13 m x 6 m. If the distance packed in a box measuring 6 cm x 3 cm x volume of the cone inscribed in this cube
between the bases is 8 m, find its volume. 3 cm. If as many balls as possible are with base of cone on one side of the
a. 340.00 m3 c. 358.67 m3 packed in the box, how much free space cube.
3
b. 339.21 m d. 351.70 m3 remains in the box? a. 0.393 m3 c. 0.196 m3
3
22. The frustum of a regular triangular a. 28.41 cc c. 29.87 cc b. 0.262 m d. 0.524 m3
pyramid has equilateral triangles for its b. 20.47 cc d. 25.73 cc 41. The volume of a closed cylinder is
bases. The lower and upper base edges 31. A cone was formed by rolling a thin sheet numerically equal to its lateral area. The
are 9 m and 3 m, respectively. If the of metal in the form of a sector of a circle height is 10 m. Find the total surface area
volume is 118.2 cu.m, how far apart are 72 cm in diameter with a central angle of in m2.
the bases? 150o. Find the volume of the cone in cc. a. 32 c. 52
a. 9 m c. 7 m a. 7733 c. 7744 b. 48 d. 60
b. 8 m d. 10 m b. 7722 d. 7711 42. A spherical sector with central angle of
23. A circular cylinder is circumscribed about 32. The cross section of a prismatoid is given 30o is cut from a sphere having a
a right prism having a square base one by A = y2 – 3Hy +5H2, where H is the diameter of 30 m. The volume of the
meter on an edge. The volume of the altitude and y is the distance from the spherical sector is:
cylinder is 6.283 cu.m. Find its altitude in base to any cross section. If H = 16 m, a. 278 m3 c. 263 m3
m. find the volume of the prismatoid. b. 248 m 3
d. 241 m3
a. 5 c. 69.08 a. 15,701.33 m3 c. 17,866.67 m3 43. A sphere whose radius is 9 m is divided
3
b. 4.5 d. 4 b. 12,352.33 m d. 20,877.33 m3 into three parts by two parallel planes.
24. A square hole 2” x 2” is cut through a 6- 33. The base diameter of a certain solid is 30 These planes are at equal distances 2 m
inch diameter log along its diameter and cm. Find the volume of the solid if every from the center of the sphere. Find the
perpendicular to its axis. Find the volume cutting plane perpendicular to a given ratio of the volume of the middle part to
of wood that was removed. diameter is an equilateral triangle. the volume of the lowest part.
a. 27.32 cu.in. c. 21.78 cu.in. a. 3,897.11 cc c. 7,794.23 cc a. 0.82 c. 1.03
b. 23.54 cu.in. d. 34.62 cu.in b. 15,588.46 cc d. 11,691.34 cc b. 0.90 d. 0.98
25. Using the Pappus Theorem, determine 34. The sides of a rectangular parallelepiped 44. A frustum of a cone has an upper base
the volume generated by revolving the measure 3 cm, 4 cm, and 6 cm. Find the whose radius is 5 m and a lower base
area in the first and second quadrants radius of the sphere that can circumscribe whose radius is 7 m. Its altitude is 11 m.
bounded by the ellipse 4x2 + 25y2 = 100 this solid. What is the surface area?
and the x-axis, about the x-axis. a. 4.321 cm c. 7.812 cm a. 516.38 m2 c. 532.15 m2
a. 85.63 c. 95.35 b. 2.754 cm d. 3.905 cm b. 421.48 m 2
d. 447.02 m2
b. 93.41 d. 83.78 35. A sphere having a volume of 2000 cc is 45. A conical buoy has a base diameter of
cut by a plane 4 cm from its center. What 120 cm and a height of 2 m. It is
submerged in water with a draft of 1.50
m. Find the volume submerged.
a. 0.3181 m3 c. 0.2318 m3
b. 0.0118 m3 d. 0.1381 m3