Bumacas, Ely L.

The Teacher and the School Curriculum

1. How should art's learning be structured so that students can begin to think like an
artist?

Art is a unique field that requires creative thinking, a keen eye for detail, and the
ability to think outside the box. To foster these skills, it is crucial to structure art learning
in a way that encourages students to think like artists. This essay will delve into the various
aspects of art education that support the development of artistic thinking, such as art
history, hands-on experiences, and critical analysis.

One key component of art education is the inclusion of art history. By studying the
works of renowned artists from different time periods and cultures, students can gain a
deeper understanding of the artistic process and the various influences that shape it.
Through the study of art history, students can learn to appreciate different artistic styles,
techniques, and concepts. This knowledge helps them develop a broader perspective and
the ability to draw inspiration from diverse sources, enabling them to think like artists.

Art learning should also incorporate ample opportunities for hands-on experiences.
When students engage in creating art themselves, they can explore their individual
creativity, experiment with various mediums, and learn to express their unique
perspectives. Through hands-on experiences, students can develop problem-solving skills,
learn to take risks, and embrace the value of trial and error. This active involvement in the
artistic process not only allows students to think like artists but also builds confidence in
their abilities.

In addition to practical experiences, art education should emphasize critical analysis.

By studying and analyzing both their own artwork and that of others, students can learn to
evaluate art based on its technical aspects, conceptual depth, and emotional impact. This
critical analysis encourages students to question and reflect on their choices, fostering a
deeper understanding of their artistic intentions. It also helps them develop a critical eye,
enabling them to make informed decisions and refine their artistic skills. By nurturing
critical thinking skills, students can truly think like artists and approach their work with
intention and purpose.

To create a comprehensive learning environment that nurtures artistic thinking, it is

essential to integrate art education with other subjects. For example, incorporating
elements of science, math, or literature into art projects can encourage students to explore
connections between different disciplines. By blending art with other subjects, students can
develop a holistic approach to learning and begin to think like artists who draw inspiration
from various fields. This interdisciplinary approach not only enhances creativity but also
strengthens analytical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Lastly, art learning should encourage collaborative experiences. By working together

on group projects, students can learn from their peers, exchange ideas, and gain insights
into different artistic perspectives. Collaboration fosters teamwork, communication, and
empathy, which are essential skills for artists. Through collaborative learning, students can
expand their artistic horizons and challenge their own preconceptions, leading to a deeper
understanding of their own artistic voice.

Overall, to cultivate artistic thinking, art learning should encompass various

elements, including art history, hands-on experiences, critical analysis, an integrated
curriculum, and collaborative learning. By incorporating these aspects into art education,
students can develop the skills necessary to think like artists. As they engage with the rich
history of art, create their own works, evaluate art critically, integrate other subjects, and
collaborate with peers, students can unlock their artistic potential and cultivate a lifelong
appreciation for the arts.
2. What are some best practices in teaching social studies that create an active or student-
centered learning environment?

Social studies holds a pivotal role in cultivating civic engagement and empowering
students to become well-informed, active global citizens. To truly underscore the
significance of this subject, it is imperative to adopt teaching methodologies that establish
an active and student-centered learning environment. Among the best practices for
engaging students in social studies education are inquiry-based learning, project-based
learning, and the integration of technology.

Inquiry-based learning encourages students to explore topics through questioning,

research, and problem-solving. By adopting this approach, educators can actively involve
students in the learning process, promoting critical thinking skills, and deeper
understanding of social studies concepts. Research shows that inquiry-based learning
enhances students' ability to analyze historical events, evaluate different perspectives, and
develop well-reasoned arguments. Teachers can facilitate this process by posing open-ended
questions, providing access to primary and secondary sources, and guiding students in
their research.

Project-based learning (PBL) is another effective strategy to create an active and

student-centered learning environment in social studies. PBL immerses students in real-
world experiences, requiring them to apply their knowledge to solve authentic problems.
Through PBL, students can develop a deeper understanding of social studies concepts by
actively constructing knowledge, collaborating with peers, and presenting their findings. For
instance, a project on the impact of global migration could involve students researching and
presenting on different migration patterns, analyzing the causes and consequences, and
proposing solutions. This approach fosters critical thinking, creativity, and empathy while
connecting social studies to students' lives.

Leveraging technology in the social studies classroom is essential in the digital era.
Educational software, online resources, and interactive tools enhance understanding and
digital literacy. Virtual field trips, online discussions, and multimedia presentations provide
diverse learning opportunities, fostering active engagement and a global perspective. For
example, virtual field trips can transport students to historical sites without leaving the
classroom, allowing them to explore different cultures, landmarks, and events. Additionally,
online discussion platforms and multimedia presentations enable students to share their
ideas, collaborate with peers, and gain a global perspective on social issues. Integrating
technology also promotes active learning as students are actively involved in navigating
digital resources, analyzing information, and creating digital artifacts.

In conclusion, implementing best practices for teaching social studies that create an
active or student-centered learning environment is crucial for fostering engaged and
informed citizens. Through inquiry-based learning, students are encouraged to explore
social studies topics independently, enhancing their critical thinking and analytical skills.
Project-based learning allows students to apply their knowledge to real-world problems,
promoting deeper understanding and empathy. Lastly, utilizing technology in the social
studies classroom expands students' learning opportunities and digital literacy skills. By
employing these best practices, educators can create an environment in which students are
actively involved in their own learning and develop a lifelong passion for social studies.
3. Why are 21st century skills or personal dispositions important goals for students in
BSED-Social Studies?

In the dynamic landscape of today's interconnected world, students pursuing a

Bachelor of Secondary Education in Social Studies (BSED-SS) are faced with the imperative
to develop a diverse set of skills and personal dispositions. These competencies are crucial
for thriving in both the professional and personal spheres. The essay explores the
significance of 21st century skills and personal dispositions for BSED-Social Studies
students, highlighting their role in shaping effective educators, critical thinkers, and lifelong
learners.

As future educators, adaptability and flexibility are paramount for BSED-SS

students. They must be prepared to adapt their teaching methods to meet the ever-
changing needs of their students. The 21st century skill of adaptability enables teachers to
modify their instruction strategies, materials, and assessments based on students'
individual learning styles, abilities, and interests. By fostering adaptability, BSED-SS
students can create inclusive learning environments that cater to diverse student
populations. Additionally, technological literacy is emphasized, recognizing the pivotal role
of technology in education. Students pursuing a BSED-Social Studies degree should
possess a solid foundation in technological literacy, enabling them to integrate various
digital tools and resources into their teaching practices. By effectively utilizing technology,
educators can engage students, enhance their understanding of complex social concepts,
and promote collaborative learning experiences.

Critical thinking skills are vital in the social studies for BSED-SS students as they
analyze historical events, interpret social phenomena, and evaluate different perspectives.
By honing their analytical thinking skills, students can critically assess information,
identify biases, and make well-reasoned judgments. This skill equips them to guide their
future students in developing their own critical thinking abilities. Problem-solving skills are
equally important, enabling educators to guide students in navigating real-world issues
effectively by considering multiple perspectives and proposing innovative solutions,
fostering their students' ability to become active and informed citizens.

Cultivating lifelong learners involves instilling curiosity and inquiry. BSED-SS

students should embody personal dispositions that encourage a genuine interest in the
world and a continual desire for knowledge. Furthermore, to become effective educators,
students in BSED-SS must engage in self-reflection and develop a growth mindset. This
personal disposition enables them to embrace challenges, persist through obstacles, and
continuously improve their teaching practices. By modeling a growth mindset, educators
empower their students to adopt a similar attitude towards their own learning journeys.

Students pursuing a BSED-Social Studies degree must recognize the significance of

st
21 century skills and personal dispositions in their journey towards becoming effective
educators. By nurturing adaptability, technological literacy, critical thinking skills,
curiosity, and a growth mindset, students are better equipped to meet the demands of the
21st century classroom. These skills and personal dispositions not only enhance their
teaching abilities but also prepare them to guide and inspire their future students to
become active participants in an ever-evolving society.