30/11/2o2

Roll No T2||060 Time Pm

T u e olouy

DBMS Assign ment-4 TE CDVA)

Ans Alomicity
Bhis, kie eanthat either 4he entre
hdanscacttoo kes place atonceOT doe'nt
happen a t dl There i eDo phiduwa e

oahs action do opt oceur padialuEadh

ansaettoois comsider e d a o0e' u n i t
a n d ethex T u o t o CompleHoDo T Le not

exe uuuted atdll t invlolues the ilowina

uoa
apeati ong Abort 2ommit

Consieny
This mearthat iotearity Cens traints mur
oe maiotaine 00ttat-he database is
Capaelent before and dHer he ranicadton.
relerso e comectione ot database.
heotal amount he-tare and e be
ransa.cioo Muat be maimuned.
Total betore T Oceung =500t 200 5700
Tota Octer ocur = 40p +30o = 700
There-tore, doctabase is canacdent
Lsoldtio0:=
TKs property ensures -that mult ple
cansoactond Can occur Comcumentywifhou
eodnohe i0o0sistency ot oatabate stat
hanaadto0s oceur indepeddentiy without
iolexLerence. Chanqes occuuina id a palHu
an sackion Willnot be v ici ble o any othe
raniadti on wntil fhat padti cular chdn e N
tho rans actioo i s wrrtlea to memay br as
been onmmitedTi po pe»ty esmes hat
 T2I060

he eecutfoO of trang a cion

comcurenY
will Tesu lt io a tate that is equuvalent f
a stateachieveo the se uere eré
cute_o
geTially 10 8 ome order.
Durabili y: his pro pety enoureshat once
hehansacttoD bas completed
eaecution,theupdlates and moali-ficatioos
o the olatdbaie ure gtored jo aNd uritfen
+o ouc K and hey pe nsiIt even tit d 84Stem,
ailure acc heke wpolateo nouo be come
permanent and are stored in non-vialaio
menon. The et-fe cts af h e transactioo,
hus ae neN e lo9t
92
AnsTie an alg oritthm wbich usei h e oytem
ime o loqical counteras aime gtamp to
gerialize the exe cuton f conuuTrentE
angactioas,the iame tamp-based
protoelencue s d t eye confidioq
a dond wíte opesattonuare. exeCuled
in oimestamp onder.
The onder o raniactoo ii auoay s given
oriori ty in his methoo t u s e ststem
m e o deermine the imetamp ot
he cankactfo0
his a the most cammanls uged concurency
Conto/proteco
help-to manage-e aroder betmte en
h e cooRictog tranactioos when hey
will exeute
 T2ll0 6o
DATE

ime &tamp baged pwtocols manaqs

Con-icts a Son a an opehatioo 1
reate o

Advan-aae
Scheoule g are serclizable,just ike
2PL ppto cos
Dic advantage
tarladioa i posslble [f Lame. rantac
is Dedarted_and cortiaually aboTed

Ana 1A schedlule fs called cectict oerializa bili

ater Qumapping o oo0 CooHictina
ope adtoan, 1 can ansoT m ioto a seia
ochedule:
The echedule will be a ComHict seiali-
2able 14iti Coflict equi vaent fe a cerie
gchedule.
Two opeAatioos Decome Cenficto if a
tonditio0 satiafy-
Roth belonq o sepa^ate cansacho n
hey have ne ame olata Hem.
They Lotain atleat one written
O peaatioo
d Soappin iapozsi ble_e0ly if SA and sa
are bqically leaual V
 T206O

Ans angatfo0
A daabale r a s a chion ombolize a uOIt
of w o perto me withio'a database
DBMI oaainst a database and treated io
Coherent qno relíable way independent
otother ranea chío0
Sehedule:
A Seres d f operadtfoo from one r a n e a t o n
to another fransactia ie kaown a
schedule.
u s e d to preserve the order ot he
opeation in eoach ot the individ ual
tranea ctíoo
a 9erial chedule: The eenidi acheslule
i a ype ot cchedule
unere oDe trane a c o n (s e x e c t e o
Compleely betore arHna another one
Tn hie, bhentheinrt tedniactioo
Completes it's Cuele,hen-he ne t one ts
eXe ced.

bNoo-gerial- Tf inHemje.aving et operatioog

i ollote o hen here uil
be no0-cerials chedule: Ttcoatai maOy
Dossi ble ccderc / a uhich h e sycteM can
edecutehe induviclual operdi ong e t h e