Professional Documents
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한국인의 생활 이야기 - 인쇄 최종본
한국인의 생활 이야기 - 인쇄 최종본
한국인의
생활 이야기
저자 이수경
들어가기
For Korean authors who have been living abroad for about 30 years, “Korean
culture” is a source of self-esteem and identity, while also a longing. From 1993 to
2000, elementary school students in Japan were introduced to Korean, Hanbok, Yutnori,
and food to inform that Korea is not a distant country, but a close country. I felt sorry
for the lack of books to introduce Korean culture.
Currently, Korean language classes are taught in Korean and English for exchange
students or international students who have been studying at Korean universities, but
they are having difficulty in selecting textbooks due to differences in language skills.
Accordingly, each topic was explained in Korean and English so that anyone interested
in Korean culture at home and abroad could read it, and try to improve their
understanding by showing appropriate pictures of Korean culture.
This book is the first volume of a series of book on Korean culture, and its contents
began with a symbol of the Republic of Korea, and covers a wide range of cultures
encountered in the founding myths of the Three Kingdoms, Koreans' consciousness,
food, and traditional life. In addition, since culture is not a one-sided process, but a
process of getting to know each other, I tried to improve our understanding of other
cultures by introducing their own culture and comparing them with Korean culture.
Through this book, I hope that foreigners who are interested in Korean culture will
understand Korean life and culture, and help Koreans overseas find their identity as
Koreans.
I will introduce Korean World Heritage, Korean art, beautiful crafts, music, and dance
that are not covered in this book in the second volume. Lastly, I would like to thank
the CEO and editors of Dongju Publishing Co., Ltd. for the publication of this book.
And last but not least, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to my parents and
family who always support me in Korean culture.
In the midst of hot summer, 2020
Soo-Kyeong Lee
목 차 Contents
들어가기 Preface
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속/ 35
Founding Myth and Seasonal Customs of Korea
한국인의 생활 이야기
1. 대한민국의 상징물
Symbolic Icons of Korea
2. 대한민국의 지역 특징
Regional Features of South Korea
3. 한국인의 이름
Names of Korean People
2. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Ⅰ. 대한민국의 상징물과 한국인의 이름 3
1. 대한민국의 상징물
Symbolic Icons of Korea
1) 대한민국’의 유래
Origins of ‘Korea’
In the southern part of the southern region of the ancient Korean peninsula, ‘Jinhan’,
‘Manhan’, and ‘Byunhan’ were collectively called ‘Samhan’ as well as ‘Goguryeo’,
‘Baekje’ and ‘Silla’ were also referred to as ‘Samhan’. ‘Han’ translated to ‘one’, ‘big’,
while ‘Daehan’ was used in 1897 to proclaim Gojong with the national name of
‘Daehan Empire’. After the 3.1 movement of 1919, the Provisional Government of
Republic of Korea decided on the national name of ‘Republic of Korea’. After the
liberation in August 15, 1945, and later during the Congress Assembly in 1948,
‘Republic of Korea’ was confirmed in the Constitution The ‘Republic of Korea’ is
typically shortened to ‘Korea’ or otherwise known as ‘South Korea’ (Namhan) while the
Northern peninsula of ‘Chosun Democratic People’s Republic’ is known as ‘North
Korea’ (Bukhan). When referring to their own country, Koreans would use the reference
2) 태극기
The Korean national flag, referred to as ‘Taegeukgi’ was founded when Park
Young-ho received a command from King Gojung during the Joseon Dynasty to go to
Japan with a flag: ‘Taeguk–4 ruled patterns’. Taegeukgi as a national flag on March 6,
1883, but various types of flags were used. On August 15, 1948, the Government of
the Republic of Korea was established, and the government established a unified form
of Taegeukgi.
태극기에 담긴 뜻
The Taegeuki has a white background with the ‘Taegeuk’ pattern in the middle with
‘Geon-gon-gam-ri’ at the four corners. The white background represents Korea people’s
characteristic love for peace, meanwhile the ‘Taegeuk’ is divided by the blue
symbolizing ‘Yin’ and the red symbolizing ‘Yang’ representing the providence in which
all things in the universe are harmonized in Yin and Yang. The trigrams in the corners
6. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
follow ‘Geon’ as the heavens, ‘Gon’ as the earth, ‘Gam’ as water and ‘Ri’ as fire as
another expression of harmony of Yin and Yang.
행정안전부
태극기를 달아야 하는 날
국경일이나 주요 기념일에 집 밖에서 볼 때 대문(베란다) 왼쪽에 단다.
주요 국경일과 기념일
국경일 및 기념일
날짜 국경일 의미
National Day and
Date Meaning of the National Day
Anniversaries
태극기 게양 방법 및 그리는 방법
태극기 게양 방법
행정안전부
Ⅰ. 대한민국의 상징물과 한국인의 이름 9
3) 무궁화
independence.
10. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
대한민국의 국화 <무궁화>
사진 제공–이수경
4) 애국가
National Anthem
The National Anthem of Korea is called ‘Aegukga’ which translates to ‘A song for
the love of the country’. The lyrics of the national anthem were written during the
Ⅰ. 대한민국의 상징물과 한국인의 이름 11
crisis of foreign invasion in 1907 to signify the patriotism to a country. In the beginning
the anthem was sung along to the lyrics of an old folk song ‘Old Long Since’, however
in 1935, composer Ahn Ik-Tae composed the lyrics to match the anthem.
애국가
National Anthem
Until that day when the East Sea’s waters run dry and Baekdu Mountain is worn away.
God protect and preserve the nation; Hurray to Korea.
2. 대한민국의 지역 특징
Regional Features of South Korea
1) 수도 서울
한강이 흐르고 북한산, 도봉산, 관악산, 청계산 등의 산으로 둘러싸여 있다. 서울시
의 중앙에 있는 남산에는 서울을 한눈에 내려다볼 수 있는 대표적인 관광명소인
N 서울 타워가 있다. 서울은 대한민국 문화 활동의 중심지로 국립중앙박물관 등
Seoul has been the capital of Korea since the Joseon Dynasty. The Han river flows
through the middle of Seoul and is surrounded by Mt. Bukhan, Mt. Dobong, Mt.
Gwanak, and Mt. Cheonggye. At the center of the city lies Namsan mountain with N
Seoul Tower which is a representative tourist stop in Seoul where the view of the city
can be seen from the top. Seoul is the epicenter of culture of Korea and hosts 60
National Museums and 5 palaces.
In Seoul, there are many places to exercise and walk outdoors such as Hangang Park,
Seoul Olympic Park, and the World Cup Park. The Seoul Forest in Ttukseom is especially
picturesque, with lots of trees and flowers to witness the change of the four seasons.
16. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
서울에서 특색 있는 지역 및 장소
The distinctive areas and places in Seoul
<문래동>
사진 제공–이수경
20. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
2) 각 지역의 특산물
Local Specialties
Local produce is grown with superior quality in specific regions due to the climate
and geography of the region. Some global examples include Bordeaux wine, Scotch
whiskey and Vienna sausages which have been commercialized with local names. Some
지역 특산품
지역 지역 특산품
강원도 원주 옻칠, 횡성 숯
Gangwon-do Wonju lacquer, Hoengseong charcoal
<재래시장>
사진 제공 – 이수경
22. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
3) 표준어와 지역어
Ÿ Use ‘ -디, -잉, -재, -브렀다, - 응게’ at the end of the sentence.
Ÿ When you ask, say ' -냐'
Ÿ Use adverbs such as ‘아따, 거시기, 겁나게, 오매, 근디’
평안도 이 노래 들어봤니?
이 노래 드더 봔?
Pyeongan-do Have you heard this song?
황해도 누가 갖다 놨어?
누구라 갖다 놔서?
Huang Hai-do Who brought it?
3. 한국인의 이름
인기 있는 남자 이름 인기 있는 여자 이름
시대 Era
Popular Man Name Popular Female Name
Korean names are divided into surname and first name. Even the same surname is
not regarded as a relative if the family clan, which represents the blood of the same
region, is different. In other words, ‘Jeonju Lee’ and ‘Kwangju Lee’ have the same
surname, but they can not be said to be kin because they have different family clans.
The exact timing of when Koreans started using surname is unknown, but it is
presumed that the use of surnames came from China as a ruler was formed in the clan
society. It was customary for the king to give surname to people who accomplished
high results. During the late Joseon Dynasty, commoners and other people made their
own surname. Currently, there are about 5,500 surnames, most of which are Kim.
Besides, Lee, Park, Choi, and Jung are many. Mr. Park and Mr. Seok have been
descended since the Silla period, and Mr. Go, Mr. Bu and Mr. Yang are representative
indigenous surnames on Jeju Island.
As a patriarchal society, Korean follows the father's last name and marriage does not
32. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
change the surname like Europe or the United States. Not long ago, in Korea, marriage
was not possible if both men and women had the same family clans. In the Korean
name, relatives of the same generation use the same letter according to the middle letter
or the line of the name, according to the line that represents the lineage of the lineage.
In 1940, during the Japanese colonial period, Japan attempted to annihilate national
한국인의 생활 이야기
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속
Founding Myth and Seasonal Customs of Korea
1. 건국 신화(설화)
Founding Myth (Sulhwa)
2. 한국의 4대 명절
Four Major Holidays in Korea
36. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 37
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속
1. 건국 신화(설화)
Founding Myth (Sulhwa)
1) 단군신화
Dangun Myth
It has been said that people have lived in the Paleolithic era in Korea. Settled in the
village in the form of a tribe, began farming and herding. During the agricultural era,
they served rituals in the sky and extended their power using bronze ware. The myth
is a mysterious story about the king who founded the country, and the myth of Dangun,
the founder of the Korean Peninsula, is as follows.
A long time ago, there was a king named Hwan-in, who ruled the sky. Hwan-in had
a son named Hwan-woong. When Hwan-woong wanted to go down to the human world
and create a happy country, Hwan-in allowed Hwan-woong to control the rain, clouds,
and wind, and made him descend into the human world with 3,000 people.
Hwan-woong came down near the present Mt. Baekdu to rule the people. However, a
bear and a tiger came to Hwanwoong and asked him to make them human.
Hwan-woong gave mugwort and garlic to bears and tigers and said, "If you don't look
at the sunlight for 100 days and make a wish in the cave, you will be a person."
However, the tiger could not stand and jumped out of the cave, but the bear became
a pretty woman called a Woong-nyeo, wishing well for 100 days. Woong-nyeo married
Hwan-woong and had a son, and named him Dangun. In 2333B. C. Dangun designated
Pyongyang as the capital city and established Gojoseon as a country.
2) 고구려의 건국 설화
After Gojoseon was overthrown by China's Han Dynasty, Jumong founded Goguryeo
in 37 B.C.
Haemosu, the son of the emperor who lived in the sky, fell in love with a Yuhwa
of Habaek's daughter, who was bathing in the Yalu River. Haemosu came to the court
with Yuhwa. When the bright sun shined on her body which gave her a baby. When
Yuhwa gave birth, it was to a big egg and a baby boy was born from the egg.
It was called Jumong (the person who shoots a bow well) because the baby grew up
and showed great bow skill. In a battle with envious brothers prince, Jumong crossed
a bridge between a fish and soft–shelled turtle to reach Zolbon Castle, established a
country, named it 'Goguryeo', and named his family name as a 'Go'. Go Ju-mong
became the founder of Goguryeo at the age of 22.
40. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
3) 백제의 건국 설화
Baekje developed around the Han River and expanded its territory not only in
Jumong had another son named Yuri, but when Yuri became a prince, Onjo and
Biryu left Goguryeo and headed south. When Biryu tried to settle on the seashore in
the western part, the officials stopped them. However, the Biryu did not hear this, but
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 41
decided to set up a city in the area, but did not flourish. Onjo decided to set up a city
in the area recommended by his servants and farmed it, and the people lived in
abundance. Later, Biryu died regretting his fault, and Onjo conquered the small
countries around him and founded a country called Baekje.
4) 신라의 건국 설화
Silla was founded 20 to 40 years ahead of Goguryeo and Baekje in B.C. 57,in a
place of Gyeongju. Silla promoted Buddhism and united with the Chinese Tang dynasty
to defeat Baekje in 660 and defeat Goguryeo in 668 to unify the Three Kingdoms.
According to the founding myth of Silla, in B.C.69, the heads of six villages in the
dark land gathered to discuss the king who would set up the country, climb the high
mountains, and look around to see a strange light at a nearby well. When they got
42. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
close, there was a big egg, but when it broke a boy radiating light emerged.
Accordingly, the head of the six tribes called him Hyeok-geo-se (meaning “one that
governs the world brightly”) because he was a king from heaven, and called the
surname “Park” because the egg looked like a gourd. Park Hyeok-geo-se established a
country called Seorabeol, which was later renamed Silla.
5) 가야의 건국 설화
The Nakdong River basin is a fertile plain, and along with agriculture, iron
civilization developed greatly, and iron was exported to China and Japan. The chiefs of
nine regions ruled the people of each region. One day, a voice was heard from
Gujibong, and the Gujiga was called, and a purple line descended from the sky and six
golden eggs were contained in red cloth. One of the nine chiefs took it home and
opened it 12 hours later, turning six eggs into children. The first baby born was ㅊ
called ‘Suro’. It is said that the ‘Suro’ became the king of Geumgwan Gaya and the
other five also became kings of five Gaya countries.
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 43
6. ‘주몽’은 무슨 뜻입니까?
What does ‘Jumong’ mean?
2. 한국의 4대 명절
Four Major Holidays in Korea
1) 설 (설날)
점이 된다.
New Year's Day is the largest of the traditional holidays, and the first day of the
Lunar New Year (January 1 of the lunar calendar) is called ‘Seol (or Lunar New Year)’.
It is said that the word 'Seol' is derived from the word ‘unfamiliar', 'standing
(unfamiliar') to celebrate the new year, and the first day of the new year, 'Seol', gains
one year and changes the year. Therefore, it is said that 'sal', which means age, is a
change of 'Seol'. The New Year begins a day before. There is also a story that when
you sleep on New Year's Eve (December 31, Lunar New Year), your eyebrows become
white.
On the morning of the New Year, it begins in a time to have memorialate the
ancestors who passed away and it is called ‘Charyeo’. In order to prepare food for
‘Charyeo’, rice cake soup, galbi jjim, jeon, and japchae are prepared from the day
before.
After the ‘Charyeo’, Koreans need to do a “Big Bow on New Year” to grandparents,
parents and elder relatives. It is called ‘Sebae’ and while doing ‘Sebae’ they say ‘
“saehae bog manh-i bad-euseyo (Happy New Year – wishing you a great fortune in new
year)” Then, adults give ’sebatdon(money)’ to children.
48. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
The food eaten on New Year's Day is called ‘Sechan’. While rice cake is the most
representative food, other foods eaten are bindaetteok, sikhye, sujeongwa. In Korea,
eating rice cake soup on New Year's Day is said to “eat one more year(additional year
is added to your age which is Korean age).”
'Seolbim' means new clothes to wear on New Year's Day. Usually, young children
On New Year's Day, Koreans visit parents in hometown and meet with families for
a long time, so people makes a big move across the country, which makes the road
from Seoul to the countryside very crowded and blocked. The way back home from
New Year's Day and returning home is the starting point to start the year with a heart
of the parents who have warmed up with the gifts they received from their hometown.
<떡국>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 49
<차례상>
사진제공(브이엔드)-한국관광공사
<설날 고궁 산책>
국림민속박물관, https://www.nfm.go.kr
50. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<설날 연날리기>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
<윷놀이>
국림민속박물관 , https://www.nfm.go.kr
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 51
2) 한식 (동지로부터 105일째 되는 날)
‘Hanshik’ is the 105th day from the winter solstice (the longest day of the year).
Along with Lunar New Year, Dano and Chuseok, this is one of the four major
holidays, usually about April 5th or 6th. This is the right time to plant seeds or plant
trees for farming.
‘Seongmyo’ is a ritual that goes to the ancestral graves in spring and autumn to cut
and trim long-grown grass. The sacred custom began from the Tang Dynasty in China,
and it is known as the Silla period that was brought to Korea. In the Goryeo period,
Hanshik was valued as a representative holiday.
Eating cold rice without burning Korean food originated from the custom of China.
There is a story that in the farming season, the seeding starts from the Hanshik day,
and when the rain rains on that day, the year takes a plunge.
52. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
3) 단오 (음력 5월 5일)
Dano is said to be the most energetic day of the year, and it is on May 5th of the
lunar calendar. Dano's ‘dan(端)’ means the first one, and ‘oh(午)’ means ‘five(五)’, also
pronounced as ‘oh’ which means ‘chodatsat(初 五日) day’ in May. Dano is also called
‘Suritnal’ in other words. Dano is a period where planting ends and summer begins.
The origin of Dano came from the Chinese dynasty, when a subordinate named
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 53
Gulwon was confronted and died in the river to claim his innocence, but it was May
5th. It was the beginning of Dano that he served as a sacrifice to comfort the souls of
Gulwon.
On the day, women boil a plant called iris and wash their hair with the water and
eat rice cake with mugwort. It was believed that if you wash your hair with irises, it
will shine and chase the ghosts. Dano folk games include swinging and Korean
wrestling. In the old days, women were not accustomed to going out of the house. On
this day, swinging outside was allowed, and men wrestled.
Depending on the region, there are Dano festivals that perform rituals and play
folklore to the mountain gods. The most famous of these are Gangneung Danoje, which
was listed in UNESCO World Intangible Heritage in 2005.
<강릉 단오제>
사진제공(강릉단오문화관)-한국관광공사
54. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<씨름>
사진제공(울산군청)-한국관광공사
4) 추석 (음력 8월 15일)
no more, no less, no more than one day,' because it is a day when the harvest season
is celebrated in the hot and cold season.
It is presumed that Chuseok began before the Three Kingdoms period. In Chuseok's
Korean language, Hangawi, 'Han' means large, and ‘Gawi' refers to the middle. In the
Silla period, women were weaving yarns called 'Gabae', which changed to become
'Gawi'.
56. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
On the morning of Chuseok, they pay tribute to their ancestors like Seollal. Unlike
Seollal, however, on Chuseok, instead of rice cake soup, cook rice with new rice crops.
On the day before Chuseok or on the day of Chuseok, the family members visited
ancestors grave to thank for grace.
The typical food of Chuseok is ‘Songpyeon’. Songpyeon is made by kneading rice
flour to form a round shape, and then putting sesame seeds, beans, chestnuts, and jujube
in the pine branches and have steamed for eating it. Since ancient times, ladies have
tried to make pretty Songpyeon because we thought that making it pretty would meet
a wonderful spouse or give birth to a pretty daughter.
People are singing while dancing with the traditional music because it is a day of
thanksgiving and celebration of the year's harvest. In particular, on the night when the
full moon rises, women make a round circle and dance with songs. This is called
‘Ganggangsullae’. Ganggangsullae was registered as a UNESCO World Intangible
Heritage in 2009.
Ⅱ. 건국신화와 세시풍속 57
<추석 모시 송편>
〈강강술래〉
『한국민족문화대백과사전』, ⓒ한국학중앙연구원(ENCYKOREA.AKS.ac.kr)
58. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
1. 한국의 설은 몇 월 며칠입니까?
When is the Korean New Year?
6. 한식은 언제입니까?
When is Hanshik?
8. 단오는 언제입니까?
When is Dano?
1. 한복
Traditional Korean Dress
2. 장신구
Traditional Korean Accessories
62. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Ⅲ. 우아한 한복과 장신구 63
1. 한복
Hanbok is a traditional Korean dress. If you look at the murals of the ancient tombs
of Goguryeo, you can see that they wore Hanbok in the 4th-6th centuries. Women's
Hanbok consists of a Jeogori, a skirt, a scroll, a vest, and an outer jacket called
‘Magoja’. Men's Hanbok wears pants instead of a skirt. Socks that you wear with
Hanbok are called ‘Beoseon’, and shoes are called ‘Gomushin’. The women wear
underpants in the Hanbok skirt, and depending on the season, she can wear several
layers of clothes in the Hanbok. 'Magoja' is worn over a man's Hanbok upper garment
called Jeogori, and 'Durumagi' is the same coat worn when going out.
The Hanbok design combines straight lines and soft curves, and the short tops and
full skirts highlight the elegance of Hanbok.
The color of Hanbok is based on five colors, and according to the yin and yang five
lines, the color of the Jeogori and the skirt are matched, and the color of the Hanbok
is also determined depending on the event or the location where you are going to. The
color of red, blue, yellow, and yellow streaks on the sleeves of the jacket is called
‘Saekdong’, and such a jacket is called ‘Saekdong Jeogori’. ‘Saekdong Jeogori’ is worn
by young children, but women cannot wear ‘Saekdong Jeogori’ after getting married.
The length of Hanbok jeogori changed according to each era, and you can see the
<전통 남자 두루마기>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
<전통 여자 혼례 예복>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
66. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<복주머니> <복주머니>
『국립민속박물관』, https://www.nfm.go.kr
Ⅲ. 우아한 한복과 장신구 67
<한복에 신는 버선>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
<한복에 신는 신발>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
68. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
2. 장신구
Traditional Korean Accessories
1) 족두리
Jokduri
‘Jokduri’ is what women wear on their <족두리〉
heads when there is a special occasions
.In the Joseon Dynasty, only the upper
class women could wear it, but gradually
the commoners also allowed them to
wear the ornaments when they were .
getting married.
These days, people still wear Jokduri
when they have a wedding ceremony and
do a Peybaek (a ceremony to greet their
husband's family and relatives). A young
woman who is not married typically
wears 'Danggi' on the ends of their hair.
『국립중앙박물관』, http://www.museum.go.kr
Ⅲ. 우아한 한복과 장신구 69
〈족두리 - 한복숍〉
사진 제공–이수경
2) 노리개
Norigae
There are various types of Norigae, and some are made of embroidery, but some are
made of gold or jewelry. Wearing a Norigae adds glamour and beauty to a simple
Hanbok.
<노리개>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
〈노리개〉
『국립중앙박물관』, http://www.museum.go.kr
Ⅲ. 우아한 한복과 장신구 71
사진제공(이범수)-한국관광공사
72. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Hanbok?
your country?
Ⅲ. 우아한 한복과 장신구 73
3. ‘두루마기’는 무엇입니까?
What is ‘Durumagi’?
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서
Discovering the Tastes of Korea
1. 한식과 음식 문화
Korean Food and Food Culture
2. 각 지역의 음식
Regional Cuisines
3. 세계 속의 한국 차
Korean Tea in the World
76. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 77
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서
1. 한식과 음식 문화
Korean Food and Food Culture
1) ‘한식’은 무엇인가?
Korean food is called ‘Hanshik’'. In a narrow sense, it refers to food that gives
Korean’s own taste, aroma, and color. In a broad sense, it is a food eaten by Korean
people using traditional processed foods and modern processed foods. The categories
78. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
and features of Korean food include main dish, side dish, beverages such as liquor and
tea, and processed foods. It means everything about Korean food, such as dining
etiquette, food containers, and space. The basis of Korean food is a meal with rice,
soup, and side dishes, and Korean food using miso, red pepper paste, and soy sauce
made by fermenting various kimchi and soybeans can help you to have a healthy diet.
2) 대표적인 한국 음식
명칭 음식의 특징 대표적 음식
밥 한국인의 주식
비빕밥, 곤드레밥,
Bab Main food (Rice).
<한정식>
사진제공(IR 스튜디오)-한국관광공사
<한정식>
사진제공(IR 스튜디오)-한국관광공사
80. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<구절판>
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
<삼색전>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
82. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<냉면>
사진제공(이범수)-한국관광공사
<삼겹살 구이>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 83
<보쌈>
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
3) 한식의 10가지 특징
① Korean meals are cooked with vegetables, fish, and meat based on rice, soup, and
kimchi, along with side dishes such as stored food and salted fish. Depending on
the number of side dishes, they are divided into three, five, seven, and nine
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 85
albums. The method of cooking food is used in the food name, so you can see
how it was cooked by looking at the food name.
② Kimchi is a world famous food and it contains rich nutrients. Kimchi is named
according to the vegetables that make it, and there are about 140 types of kimchi.
Typical Kimchi include Cabbage kimchi, Bossam kimchi, Chonggak kimchi, Hot
radish kimchi, Leek kimchi, Nabak kimchi, Kkakdugi, Green onion kimchi,
Dongchimi, and White kimchi. Foods made with Kimchi include Kimchi jjigae,
Kimchi pancakes, and Kimchi fried rice.
③ There are many foods presented in Korean food ingredients. Soy sauce, miso, and
red pepper paste, the basic condiments in Korean food, are made by releasing
soybeans and are rich in nutrients.
④ Koreans have eaten a lot of vegetables and fish since ancient times and consumed
less meat.
⑤ The sauce that tastes Korean food is called ‘seasoning’, which includes garlic,
green onion, red pepper powder, and ginger.
⑥ ‘Sesame oil’ is often used in Korean food to give a savory taste.
⑦ Korean food has less fried food than western food.
⑧ Korean food uses fresh ingredients produced in all four seasons to increase
nutritional value.
⑨ Korean food has special foods that contain the characteristics of the region, so you
can know the local culture through food.
⑩ Koreans miss the food made by their mothers, and they call it 'Jipbab -Home
Cooked Rice' and 'Mother's hand taste' and miss the rice cooked by their mothers
at home.
86. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
4) 김치와 ‘김장’ 문화
배추 김치 담그는 법
In Korea, three of borders are sea, and pickled foods using salt have been developed
over a long time, so salted seafood such as squid, oysters, and shellfish is salted and
stored to eat. It is the beginning of kimchi that is made using these methods for
vegetables. There is a record that in the Three Kingdoms era, they started eating pickled
88. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
kimchi. At the time, they used only salt, not red pepper powder. Later, when pepper
was introduced from Japan in the Joseon Dynasty, kimchi was used as it is today.
'Chimchae' means that the vegetables have been completely immersed, and this
particular process is where the vegetable has been dunked in salt only. Since then,
following th Korean pronunciation, it has changed from 'dimchae-kimchae-kimchi'
It is said that there are more than 300 kinds of kimchi because the ingredients,
seasoning, and aging method are different depending on the season and region. In
Korea, the temperature of the four seasons is distinct, making kimchi suitable for each
season. In spring, fresh kimchi such as nabak kimchi and kkakjeol(fresh kimchi) is used
using cabbage or parsley. In the summer, to combat the hot temperatures, vegetables
with lots of moisture such as redish and cucumber with sesame seeds are used. IN the
winter kimjang kimchi shich uses a lot of seasoning is eaten as well as dognchimi in
the middle of the winter is a well known delicacy.
In addition, kimchi has a characteristic taste depending on the region. In the
southern regions such as Gyeongsang-do and Jeolla-do, where the climate is warm, salty
fish and fish are added to make salty and spicy kimchi. In the relatively cold northern
regions, kimchi is not easily cooked, so you can eat kimchi with a refreshing taste with
a little salt and salt.
Garlic, which is used as a kimchi ingredient, has anti-cancer properties, and
vitamins, minerals, and protein in calcium, calcium and fermented lactobacillus produced
during fermentation strengthen and prevent immunity against diseases, which adds to the
reputation of kimchi being a health food around the world.
Kimchi, which is indispensable in a Korean household, must be eaten every day, 365
days a year, but in winter, it is difficult to obtain good ingredients for kimchi because
of the cold weather. So, before winter begins, in November, a lot of kimchi can be
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 89
eaten until spring of the following year. This is called 'Kimjang'. It is difficult to make
a lot of kimchi by yourself, so aunts from the neighborhood gather to make kimchi in
each house and share warm heart. As such, 'Making and Sharing Kimchi in the
Republic of Korea' was confirmed on December 5, 2013, and the list of <UNESCO's
Representative List of Human Intangible Cultural Heritage> was confirmed. It is
1. Split the cabbage in half and soak it in salted water for 6-8 hours.
2. Rinse and pickle the cabbage well in salted water and let it dry.
3. Slice the radish, cut the green onions into suitable sizes, and mix the chopped
garlic with shrimp sauce, anchovy sauce, and red pepper paste to make
seasoning.
4. Put seasoning evenly between the drained Chinese cabbage and wrap the
whole well with large cabbage leaves.
5. Put kimchi in a kimchi container and leave it outside for about a day before
storing it in the refrigerator.
한국의 대표적인 김치
<포기김치>
<백김치>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 91
<총각김치>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
<깍두기>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
92. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<보쌈 김치>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
<동치미>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 93
다.
3. ‘메주’는 볏짚으로 묶어서 처마 밑에 매달아야 하고 한 달 정도 바람을 쐬면 곰팡이
The taste that characterizes Korean food is so called “Jangmat”. 'Jang' refers to soy
sauce, miso, red pepper paste, and cheonggukjang. It is a fermented food that has been
made through many years and devotion and plays a very important role in Korean food.
In 1766, Yoo Jung-lim had written “Jang means longevity, so it becomes a longevity
among all kinds of tastes. If the household does not have a good set of seasoning, no
matter how good the quality of vegetable and meat are, the results would not be ideal
for cooking. On the other hand, it is not easy for people living in countryside to get
meat, but if there are various well-dipped sauces and side dishes, through the
mermentation process, the people were less concerned. The process of fermentation
were recommended to be recorded and passed down through the elderly of the house
hold” (according to the Korean Folk Encyclopedia).
2. Combine the soybeans in a mortar, make them square, and ferment them. This is called
‘Meju’.
3. 'Meju' should be tied with rice straw and hung under the eaves, and after about a month,
the mold will start to bloom. The mold produced at this time is a mold that is good for the
40 days.
5. Filter the clots to make miso and make soy sauce with the remaining liquid.
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 95
<메주콩>
『한국민족문화대백과사전』, ⓒ한국학중앙연구원(ENCYKOREA.AKS.ac.kr)
96. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<메주 말리기>
사진 제공–이수경
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 97
<고추장>
<한국의 장독대>
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
6) 밥과 반찬 이야기
대백과사전).
한국인에게 밥은 주식으로서 의미 이외 타인을 배려하는 의미를 포함하기도 한
‘Bapsim’ originate from two words being combined - “Bap” meaning rice and “Sim”
meaning strength, “Put together”, it means “the poser that comes from eating
rice”(National Institute of the Korean Language).
Rice being the staple food of Korean, has been around since the 4th Century as it
was portrayed as being cooked on the walls of the Goguryo tomb and during the Qing
dynasty, Jan Young(張英) is quoted to say “ Joseon people are good at cooking rice.
Rice grains are glossy, soft, and fragrant. And the rice in the pot is evenly cooked and
greasy. It makes sense that a rice-making fire is good to be weak and water should be
low. Making rice at random results in wasting the things that heaven has given
us."(from the Korean Folk Encyclopedia)
100. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
For Koreans, rice is not a staple food, but it also includes greeting and consideration
for others. When people meet, typical greetings are: “Have you eaten?” “Have you had
your meal?”, or even suggesting “Let’s go have a meal together sometime” to signify
that one would like to become friendlier or create a closer bond(jeong) through having
a meal(bap) together.
The following are a proverbs about 'Bob' that has special meaning
to Koreans.
• Are you full on the first spoon of meal? : It will not be a satisfaction
in the first step.
• Hurrying to eat will make you thirsty: Everything needs the correct
order and time.
• You don't even beat a dog when dog eats. : Do not scold when eating
food.
• I am full even if I don't eat. : Expressing satisfaction because a happy
thing has happened.
pepper paste. Five colors can be seen in the combination of vegetables, meat, eggs, and
red pepper paste.
There are two stories about the origin of Bibimbap, one of which was the rice that
was placed on the King's meal in the royal court of the Joseon Dynasty, and the other
was that rice was eaten with rice and all kinds of herbs in each bowl while farming,
or after the sacrifice rituals for ancestors. There is a story that all the rice and herbs
that were prepared in the memorial service were put together in a large bowl and mixed
together. On the day before New Year's Eve, which is the day before the New Year,
there is tradition of putting all the side dishes and rice left over to make this meal.
Bibimbap's characteristic is that it puts both rice and side dishes together in one
bowl and mixes it together to create a new taste. It can be seen as a dining culture
where Koreans share a bond - ‘Jeong’ while eating ‘together’.
102. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Bulgogi
Along with Bibimbap, the representative food of Korea is Bulgogi. The origin of
Bulgogi goes to Goguryeo. Jumong, who founded Goguryeo, was from Buyeo, one of
the tribal countries, and the culture of Goguryeo was similar to that of Buyeo, and
famous food from Buyeo was brought to Goguryeo. The original name of Bulgogi is
‘Maeckjeok’, but ‘Maek’ signified Goguryeo people. When grilling and eating meat,
most countries have barbecue with pepper or salt. However, Korean Bulgogi is a
combination of soy sauce, garlic, green onion, sesame oil, sugar, and pepper that adds
to the taste of Korean food, referring to soy sauce, garlic, green onion, sesame oil,
sugar, pepper powder and alcohol. Korean food is marinated for 3 to 40 minutes before
cooking. Korean Bulgogi became famous worldwide because the seasoning softens the
meat and removes the smell of meat.
(4) 복날 먹는 ‘삼계탕’
Silla's historic name is ‘Gyerim’, meaning the forest where the chickens cry, and the
Silla people thought that the chickens were a sacred being that connects the sky and the
people. The long-tailed chicken can also be seen in a picture from the Goguryeo tomb.
These chickens are good for the body, and as the saying goes, “When the son-in-law
comes, mother-in-law catch the chicken.” Summer in Korea is very hot and humid due
to the high temperature and humidity. So, on the midsummer's day (Chobok, Jungbok
104. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
and Malbok), Koreans eat 'Samgyetang' to recover their body from the heat.
Samgyetang is one of the representative Korean foods that foreigners in the East and
West love. It is a highly nutritious food that is eaten by boiling chicken for a long time
with ginseng, garlic, jujube, and glutinous rice.
Dakgalbi(Spicy chicken ribs) are popular among young people these days. Chicken
ribs have little meat to eat therefore spicy seasoning of other parts of the meat is called
chicken ribs, and Chuncheon is famous. ‘Gyereok(Chicken's ribs) in Chinese character
is called 'gye' (鷄肋), which is used to express something that has no value or profit
in doing business.
‘Seaweed and Laver’ with perfect nutritional value from the sea
There are healthy foods in the sea that contain a lot of healthy nutrients. In
particular, ‘Miyeok(seaweed)’ and ‘Gim(laver)’are food ingredients with perfect
nutritional value, which are mainly eaten by Koreans and the Japanese.
So in Korea, after giving birth to a baby, the mother regains her health by eating
seaweed soup, and Koreans eat seaweed soup on their birthdays.
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 105
7) 특별한 날에 먹는 한국 음식
특별한 날 음식 이름 음식을 먹는 의미
8) 한국의 사찰음식
Temple Food
Buddhism was introduced during the Three Kingdoms period in the late 4th century,
and Buddhism had a great influence on the Korean culture and the spiritual world of
Koreans.
Unlike other religions, the goal is to reach enlightenment through the practice of
individuals who read the scriptures and practice them in their lives. Various food recipes
are developed according to temples, which are categorized as temple foods. The temple
food contains the spirit of Buddhism and uses natural seasonings instead of meat, garlic,
green onions, and leek. The temple food, which uses natural ingredients to give healthy
energy, is popular as a healthy food in the modern society because it is a vegetarian
food with a small amount of greasy and fragrance of nature.
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 107
The temple food is eaten in a bowl called ‘Balwoo’, so that the food is not wasted
by taking just what is needed. By doing so it practices the process of gratitude, sharing
<한국의 사찰 음식>
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
At the end of a meal, Korean people sweets or rice cakes as desserts which is called
‘Byeonggwa’ which is a combination of ‘Byeong’, which refers to Korean rice cakes,
and ‘Gwa’ which refers to traditional cookie. It is a traditional Korean dessert eaten
with tea, and is always included in rituals such as banquets and festivals.
A wooden frame that forms and prints rice cakes when making rice cakes is called
'tteoksal'. The pattern of tteok-sal is a symbol of longevity, good fortune as well as
good health.
<한국의 전통 병과>
사진제공 한국관광공사
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 109
• When preparing Korean food, put rice on the left, soup on the right, spoon in front
and chopsticks on the back.
• Place the soy sauce in the center and place the side dishes around the soy sauce.
Meat-based dishes and hot foods should be placed on the right side in the table.
• Place the stew in the middle of the table and share it with the family.
8. ‘’김장‘은 무엇입니까?
What is''Kimjang'?
고 합니까?
What is the bowl called which is used in the temple to take as much food
as you eat?
2. 각 지역의 음식
Regional Cuisines
In Korea, as it is a peninsula with three sides facing the sea with a wide plain, there
are various food ingredients and special produce, and each local ingredients has become
a typical delicacy. Visiting the area and eating local specialties will add to the pleasure
of your trip.
각 지역 특색 음식
지역 음식명 특색
춘천 닭갈비
철판에 닭고기, 야채, 떡을 매운 양념과 함께 볶
Chuncheon
아 먹는 음식.
Spicy
Stir-fried chicken, vegetables, and rice
Stir-fried
cakes on a griddle with spicy sauce.
Chicken
3. 세계 속의 한국 차
Korean Tea in the World
1) 한국 차의 역사
Tea culture began to bloom in the east from B.C. 3000. The tea leaves of which
European tea and Oriental tea derive from is the same. However the difference is that
in Europe the tea leaves are fermented while green tea is not. However in China,
various teas are consumed depending on the fermentation method. According to the
fermentation process, there are six types of tea, which are divided into black tea, white
tea, red tea, green tea, and yellow tea. In Korea, green tea and traditional Korean tea
are mainly consumed.
According to Chinese legends, it is said that tea was first discovered by Shinnong,
however as Buddhism declined in the Joseon Dynasty and the tea culture weakened, but
ceremonies were held at rituals to serve tea in strict formality. The early Chosun
missionary in the Joseon Dynasty explained and documented the tea culture of Korea
야생 녹차 밭
사진 제공-이수경
보령 녹차밭
사진 제공(이범수)-한국관광공사
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 125
2) 한국 다례
The tea culture in Korea has been influenced by Buddhism and has maintained a long
history. During tea ceremony, Korea, Japan, and China perform different methods and
importance of the norm of drinking tea, and in China, it is called ‘Daye - Chinese Tea
Ceremony’ because it shows a technique close to art when pouring tea.
126. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
The act of drinking tea is not only to replenish health for the body, but to listen and
enjoy the art of music, painting, flowers, and simple refreshments in the tea room, a
space where you can drink tea. In other words, the tea drinking vessel brought about
the development of crafts and ceramics, and the tea room has tea-themed paintings, and
flower preparation and tea ceremony according to the season to listen to music and talk
while drinking tea. When drinking tea, one holds the tea cup with both hands to see
the color of the tea first, then taste the aroma of the tea and finally, to taste.
In Korea, green tea is typically consumed in the tea ceremony, as well as other
various teas such as healthy ginseng tea, jujube tea, and ssanghwa tea. In particular,
ginseng tea is well renowned worldwide and is popular as a representative product of
Korea.
2. 탕수 주전자를 잡는다.
Hold the kettle of hot water.
Ⅳ. 맛을 찾아서 127
11. 차의 색, 향, 맛을 감상하며 차를 마신
다.
Drink tea while appreciating the color,
aroma, and taste of tea.
1. 한국에서 어떤 차를 마셔 봤습니까?
What types of tea have you had in Korea?
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거 생활
Residential Life of Korean
1. 풍수지리 사상
Feng Shui Geomancy
2. 한국 전통 집의 형태
Features of Traditional
Korean Houses
3. 현대적 주거 형태
Modern Residential Styles
132. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 133
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거 생활
Residential Life of Koreans
1. 풍수지리 사상
Koreans considered the environment in nature important when deciding where to live.
Usually a location with abundant sunlight, a good directional wind and surrounding
water is preferred as it is surrounded by nature.
Also, when deciding the place and direction of the house, traditional guidelines and
thought process through ‘Feng Shui’ is closely followed. And it is believed if done so,
many blessings would enter the household.
This is called Feng Shui Geography. 'Feng Shui Geography' is thought that the shape
of mountain and water flows in connection with the way of life. In particular, Koreans
prefer places where there is a mountain behind the house and the river flows in front
of it, so this is called 'Bae San Im Su' and Koreans follow these environments when
they built the house. For example, in the Joseon Dynasty, Hanyang (Seoul) was selected
as the capital, followed by the mountain behind Gyeongbokg Place and the Han River
in front.
The Feng Shui idea based on the natural ‘Yin’ and ‘Yang’ five elements act as an
important factor not only in locating the house, but also in the interior design of the
building's windows and furniture.
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 135
Under the influence of Feng Shui, Koreans prefer the house built facing the south
when choosing an apartment or house, and they do not like the house facing the north
or west. Koreans also consider the following Feng Shui when decorating their homes.
• Don't let the front door and room door face to face.
• When entering the front door, do not make the mirror look in front.
• Do not leave your head on the north side.
• The bed is placed diagonally to the door.
• The sofa should be placed diagonally with the front door visible.
• Always close the toilet lid as it symbolizes money.
〈남산 한옥 마을〉
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
136. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
2. 한국 전통 집의 형태
Features of Traditional Korean Houses
1) 한국의 고택 기와집(한옥)
택을 볼 수 있다.
In order to make the most of the natural environment, Koreans planted bamboo at the
back of the house to block the wind, made wells in front of the house, and planted fruit
trees or various trees around the house. The flat structure of the house has a variety of
shapes, such as a 일자, 기역(ㄱ)자, 디귿(ㄷ)자, 미음(ㅁ)자 following the shapes of
the alphabet of Korean language and the structures in the north and south are different.
In the palaces, temples, Daeungjeon Hall, Hyanggyo, etc. round pillars (which support
the house) were used, but square pillars were used for ordinary houses. This is because
the round means heaven and the king, and the square symbolizes the earth and the
servant.
Looking at the structure of the house of the Joseon Dynasty, there is a door room
where servants dwell when they enter the courtyard from the front gate. There are
Sarangchae and Bakatchae. Sarangchae is the place where the husband lives and greets
guests and sleeps. If you go further inside, there is Anchae where the wife of the house
lives. Anchae is a dip-shaped structure, so you cannot see Sarangchae from the Anchae
gate, because of the laws that strictly separated husband and wife in the Joseon
Dynasty.
There are Sadang(사당) and Byeoldang(별당) behind Anchae. The Sadang is the
138. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
place where the Jesa(ancestral ceremony) is held and the Byeoldang is the place where
daughters and daughters-in-law sew. There is a small gate at the back of the Byeoldang
so that you can go outside without using the main gate. The wealthy and highly ranked
family needed a lot of rooms because they had to live with their servant’s families, as
well as their own family members, but they did not allow to build more than 99 spaces
expensive and more beautiful blue tiles were used. But in the Joseon period, blue tiles
were not used because luxurious life was not allowed. The place where the President
of the Republic of Korea currently serves is called the “Chong Wha Dae(Blue House)”,
which originated from the Chong Kiwa (Blue Kiwa) of Goryeo Dynasty.
Representative places where many traditional Korean houses are gathered include
Bukchon, Jeonju, Hanok Village, Andong Hahoe Village, and Yangdong, Gyeongju.
<한옥 사랑채>
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 139
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
140. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
〈남산 한옥 마을〉
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
<한옥 대문>
사진 제공 – 이수경
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 141
<추사고택 대문>
사진 제공 – 이수경
<추사고택 – 추사체>
사진 제공 – 이수경
142. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
『한국관광공사』, https://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
<사랑채 온돌방>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 143
<장독대>
사진 제공–이수경
144. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
<한옥 담>
사진 제공–이수경
<전주 한옥마을>
사진 제공–이수경
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 145
2) 초가집
More than 90% of Korean traditional houses were thatched houses. Thatched house
is a house made of roof made of rice straw, straw, reed, etc. without using a Kiwa like
a Kiwajip. The walls of the building were made by mixing water fountain with yellow
soil. It was a common people's home and was built as 기역(ㄱ)자나 디귿(ㄷ)characters
following the shape of the Korean alphabet.
The shape of thatched roof is a curve representing a round mountain, making it feel
soft and comfortable. In Korean, there is the word ‘chogasamgan’, which means the
house where the poor live, and is an expression against the Kiwajip.
146. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
The thatched houses are part of the scenery, with the clear autumn sky, the red
peppers in the yard and the park vines that rise above the roof of the thatched house
Undong’ movement started in the 1960s, the thatched roof was replaced with a modern
roof, making it difficult to see thatched houses in the countryside these days. In Korea,
the place where many thatched houses remain is designated as a folk village and well
preserved. There are lots of thatched houses, including Oeam Folk Village in
Chungcheongnam-do, Nakan-eupseong in Suncheon, Yangdong village in Gyungju,
Andong folk village, and Seongeup village in Jeju.
사진 제공–이수경
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 147
사진 제공–이수경
사진 제공–이수경
148. 한국인의 생활 이야기 The Story of Korean Lifestyle
사진 제공: 이수경
<제주도 성읍 민속마을>
사진제공(이범수)-한국관광공사
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 149
3) 온돌
On-dol
The most special feature of Korean houses is 'Ondol (meaning warm stone floor)',
which is not found in any country in the world. Ondol is a method of laying a stone
on the floor of a room, covered several layers of paper on top of it, and then lighting
a fire outside to warm it. The kitchen was built next to the room, to make a Agungi(fire
able to have a sedentary lifestyle. They sat down in the Ondol room and ate a meal,
and used a low table, and in the warmest place in the Ondol room, the elder sat down.
Today, most Koreans live in apartments, but in Korean apartments there is still an ondol
room with an improved and modernized ondol boiler to warm the floor. As such,
Koreans love the warm floor, so they developed products such as electric floor mats and
electric mattresses, and it can be said that the jjimjilbang also originated from ondol
culture.
<온돌방>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 151
<부엌 아궁이>
사진제공(김지호)-한국관광공사
3. 현대 주거 형태
The traditional Korean house is called Hanok, but Hanok is inconvenient for modern
people to live, so most modern Koreans prefer an apartment life. In Korea, as the
Korean economy has grown since the 1960s, many apartments have been built. Later,
as the Gangnam area was developed, a large-scaled apartment complexes were
constructed so that the word ‘Apartment Republic’ was created. With such a
large-scaled new apartment complexes, a good middle and high school systems were
created in neighborhoods, and the enthusiasm for education in Gangnam increased. In
the process, the price of apartments rose and apartments were turned into speculation
for Koreans.
The apartment was a typical residential form in Korea, but nowadays there are
restaurants and shops on the 1st and 2nd floors of the apartment building. In addition,
there are ‘Officetel’ built with residential spaces like offices and hotels, and ‘one room’
studios are cheaper than ‘Officetel’.
Nationwide, apartments have become Koreans' residences, and many have lived in
convenient and safe apartments. However, 'country houses' where people who feel
frustrated with apartment life retire to quiet countryside after retirement and live with
nature are also popular these days.
Ⅴ. 한국인의 주거생활 153
참고문헌
사진 출처
이수경
국립중앙박물관 http://www.museum.go.kr
국립민속박물관 https://www.nfm.go.kr
국립고궁박물관 https://www.gogung.go.kr
문화체육관광부 이뮤지엄 http://www.emuseum.go.kr
유네스코 한국위원회 https://unesco.or.kr
한국관광공사 http://kto.visitkorea.or.kr
한국학중앙연구원 https://www.aks.ac.kr
발 행 2020년 8월 15일 초판
저 자 이 수 경
발 행 인 도서출판 동주
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