Motive

Introduction

The term motive is derived from the Latin word “movere that means 'moving'. A motive is a
reason WHY you do something for instance, a motive for exercise is better health and weight
loss. Motives are states that make us active rather than inactive and lead us to do one thing
rather than another. Motives are at the center of our lives—they arouse and direct what we
think, feel, and do
DEFINTIONS

Motive is defined by many scholars some of the universally accepted are given below

 A motive is something that causes us to act or behave in order to reach a a goal or

desired endpoint
 The internal state or condition that activates and gives direction to our thoughts,
feelings, and actions is called motivation
 It is a specific psychological state of arousal that directs an organism's energies toward a
goal.

CALSSIFICATION OF MOTIVE

Motives can be broadly categorized into two types.

a) Primary motives (biogenic /Personal)

b) Secondary motives (sociogenic /Social)

PRIMARY MOTIVES

Primary motives are also called biological motives, and they were used by early psychologists to help
them understand how people act. When there is a change in the body's normal physiological state,
known as homeostasis, the body has a lot of biological reasons to try to get things back to normal. These
two things are very important for life. A lot of people have these kinds of reasons, and there are a lot of
them It will talk about hunger, thirst, and sex in this section. These are some of the main biogenic
motives.

i. Hunger Motive
Hunger motive is a drive that compels an organism to seek and gain food, hunger plays an
important role in lives of organism. A hunger motive arises when the food in stomach is
consumed and body feels the necessity of nutrients. Hunger motive occurs to maintain the
hemostasis
ii. Thirst motive
To all organisms fluid is essential to live, this fluids enables the tissues of body to work properly.
A thirst motive arises when our mouth begin to dry and body fluid level decreases, these
reasons give rise to thirst motive which compels us to take fluids
iii. Defection and urination
Defection and urination refers to excretion of waste material from body, the hunger and thirst
motive compels to body to eat and drink. After biological process these matters change into
waste material which must be excreted from body. this need give rise to a motive.
 iv. Fatigue motive
Fatigue is a natural process in which the body feel tired after some physical movements, physical
movement the the innate behavior of men due to which he completes essential tasks for life,
these tasks make the person feel fatigue the fatigue give rise to a motive to rest.
v. Sleep motive
Sleep is an essential process for normal function of mind and body, when our body is tired they
need to rest this rest five right to sleep motive. The aim of sleep motive is to get some rest for
normal functions.
vi. Maternal motive
It is innate tendency of woman to become a mother, to fulfill this drive woman get into married
life the tendency give rise to maternal motive to have child and a married life.
vii. Sex motive
Intimacy is innate need of every organism to give birth to off springs this intimacy need give rise
to sex motive in order to satisfy this organism look for partners.

SECONDARY MOTIVE

Secondary motive is also called as sociogenic. Secondary motives are more complex since they are
extrinsic and are acquired from social groups, peers, or the family in which one matures. Individual with
more sociogenic motives lead to a more social person. They are learned on daily bases, some of the
sociogenic motives are given below.

i. Play and manipulation motive

ii. Exploration and curiosity
iii. Affiliation motive
iv. Achievement and power motive
v. Competition motive