UNIT 9

Natural Disaster

I - TỪ VỰNG

authority /ɔːˈθɒrəti/(n) chính quyền

damage /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ (n/v) thiệt hại, gây tổn hại

destroy /di'strɔi/ (v) phá hủy

disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ (n) thảm họa

earthquake /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ (n) trận động đất

emergency kit /ɪˈmɜː.dʒən.si kɪt/ (np) bộ dụng cụ dùng trong trường hợp khẩn

cấp

erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ (v) phun trào

funnel /ˈfʌn.əl/ (n) cái phễu

landslide /ˈlænd.slaɪd/ (n) vụ sạt lở

predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ (v) dự đoán

property /ˈprɒpəti/ (n) của cải, nhà cửa

pull up /pʊl ʌp/ (phr.v) kéo lên, nhổ lên. lôi lên

rescue worker /ˈres.kjuː ˈwɜː.kər/ (np) nhân viên cứu hộ

richter scale /ˈrɪk.tə skeɪl/ (n) độ richter (đo độ mạnh của động đất)

shake /ʃeɪk/ (v) rung, lắc

storm /stɔːm/ (n) bão

suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ (adv) đột nhiên, bỗng nhiên

tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ (n) lốc xoáy

tremble /ˈtrem.bəl/ (v) rung lắc

tsunami /tsuːˈnɑːmi/ (n) trận sóng thần
victim /ˈvɪktɪm/ Nạn nhân

volcanic /vɒlˈkænɪk/ (adj) thuộc / gây ra bởi núi lửa

warn /wɔːn/ (v) cảnh báo

affect /əˈfekt/ (v) ảnh hưởng

flood /flʌd/(n) bão

run out of /rʌn aʊt ɒv/ (phr.v) chạy khỏi, cạn kiệt

II- NGỮ PHÁP

THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

I. Cấu trúc:

Chủ ngữ số ít/ I/ she/ he/ it Chủ ngữ số nhiều/ you/ we/
they

Khẳng S + was V-ing S + were V-ing

định

Phủ định S + was + not + V-ing S + were + not + V-ing

Câu hỏi (Wh) Was + S + V-ing? (Wh) Were + S + V-ing?

II. Cách sử dụng:

Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ tiếp diễn để miêu tả:

- một hành động đang xảy ra tại một thời điểm cụ thể trong quá khứ.

Ví dụ: I was having dinner at 6 p.m. yesterday?

(Lúc 6 giờ tối qua tôi đang ăn tối.)

Were you having dinner at 6 p.m. yesterday? – Yes, I was.

(Lúc 6 giờ tối qua bạn đang ăn tối à? – Đúng vậy.)

- một hành động đang diễn ra thì có một hành động khác chen ngang làm
gián đoạn nó. Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn cho hành động chen
ngang đó.

Ví dụ: When/ While we were watching TV, we felt the earthquake.

(Khi/ Trong khi chúng tôi đang xem TV, chúng tôi cảm nhận được trận
động đất.)

What were they doing when they felt the earthquake? – They were watching
TV.

(Họ đang làm gì thì họ cảm giác trận động đất? – Họ đang xem TV.)

Chú ý:

- Chúng ta có thể sử dụng when hoặc while trước thì quá khứ tiếp diễn.

- Chúng ta chỉ sử dụng when trước quá khứ đơn.

ex 1 . Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.

(Chọn phương án đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1. When there is a(n) earthquake / volcanic eruption, hot gases and liquid rock
pour out from a mountain.

2. Oh, the house is shaking! I think we're having a(n) earthquake / flood.

3. We wanted to travel to Ha Giang, but there was a tornado / landslide.

Some big rocks and mud came down the mountains.

4. Every year more than ten floods / storms with strong winds and rain cause
damage in our country.

5. A tornado / storm looks like a huge funnel and causes a lot of damage.

Its strong winds can reach 480 km per hour.

ex 2 . Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from the box.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với một từ hoặc cụm từ trong hộp.)

warning predict property

damage emergency kit

1. Natural disasters can cause serious _____ to human life.

2. Local authorities gave a flood _____ yesterday, so today people are moving
to safer places.

3. To prepare for a natural disaster, we should make a(n) _____.

4. It’s hard to believe that we cannot _____ when earthquakes will happen.

5. They lost all of their _____ because of the volcanic eruption.

ex 3 (Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1. We donated / were donating money to help the earthquake victims last

month.

2. - What did you do / were you doing when the volcano erupted?

- I slept / was sleeping in my bed.

3. While they camped / were camping near the river, the flood was coming /
came suddenly.

4. After Tom ran / was running out of his house, he moved / was moving
quickly to a safer place.

5. I didn't read / wasn't reading a newspaper at 9 a.m. yesterday, but I watched /

was watching the news about the tornado.
ex 4 . Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to complete each sentence.

(Chọn đáp án đúng A, B, C hoặc D để hoàn thành mỗi câu)

1. A strong earthquake caused a lot of _______ to eastern Japan last week.

A. damaged B. damages C. damaging D. damage

2. Two tornadoes struck Florida on Saturday morning and _______ 30 homes.

A. destroy B. destroyed C. destruction D. destroying

3. We cannot prevent natural disasters, but can _______ some of them.

A. damage B. destroy C. predict D. erupt

4. _______ from other states came to Oklahoma to help find the survivors.

A. Scientists B. Victims C. People D. Rescue workers

5. A _______ can save you in life-threatening situations because its sound can
attract people's attention.

A. whistle B. kit C. warning D. tool

ex 5 . Fill in each blank with a suitable word/ phrase from the box.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống một từ/ cụm từ thích hợp trong khung.)

WARNING EMERGENCY KIT VICTIMS ERUPTED

PROPERTY

1. The workshop will teach you to build a(n) _______ with the items you need
to survive a natural disaster.

2. Don't do that. You're damaging other people's _______.

3. They sent goods and supplies to the _______ of the flood in central Viet
Nam.

4. My province has a _______ system to tell people when there is a danger of a

landslide.
5. The Taal volcano south of Manila _______ on 26 March, 2022, sending
plumes of ash 1,500 metres into the air.

EX 6 (Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với thì đúng của động từ trong ngoặc. Sử dụng
thì quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ đơn.)

1. When the earthquake (happen) ______, they (do) _______ their homework.

2. ____ you (talk) ________ to your friend on the phone at 9 p.m. yesterday?

3. While he (cook) _________ dinner, his mother (come) ________ home.

4. Dark clouds (gather) _______ and after a few minutes, the storm (break)
_________.

5. What ____ they (do) _________ when you (arrive) _________ at their house?

ex 7 Fill in each blank with a suitable word from the box.

BEFORE , CONTROL , LOSS , EARTHQUAKES , CAUSES , HAPPEN , ANSWER

, DIFFICULT

When violent events happen outside the (1) ………. of humans, they are called
natural disasters. Natural forces are the (2) ……… of these events. There are
many kinds of natural disasters, and they can result in (3) ……… of life, injury,
and damage to property.

So, can we predict natural disasters? The (4) ……….. is a definite 'yes' for
some kinds of natural disasters. Scientists understand the factors that lead to
storms, tornadoes, and floods. However, it is much more (5) ………… to
predict earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Some volcanoes may leak gasses
or pour out lava (6) ………. erupting, but others do not give any warnings at all.
It is also difficult to predict (7) ……….. although scientists are aware of the
regions where earthquakes are most likely to (8)……….

EX 8 Choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D to fill in each blank in the

following passage.

Tornadoes
A tornado is a kind of storm which looks (1) …………. a huge funnel. Tornados
are the strongest winds on earth. They can (2) …………. 480 km per hour. With
such great strength, a tornado causes a lot of damage. It can (3) …………
trees, flatten buildings, and throw heavy things such as cars hundreds of
meters. It is especially dangerous (4) ……….. people in cars or mobile homes.

Tornadoes (5) ………… in their duration and the distance they travel. Most (6)
…………… less than ten minutes and travel five to ten kilometers. Some
special tornadoes can last several hours and travel up to more than 150 km!

Tornadoes can occur almost anywhere (7) …….. earth, but most of them
happen in the United States, especially in the Great Plains region. This area
may (8) ………. more than 200 tornadoes in each year.

1. A. like B. as C. such D. for

2. A. arrive B. go to C. reach D. speed

3. A. grow B. uproot C. plant D. water

4. A. for B. to C. in D. at

5. A. differ B. similar C. different D. change

6. A. go B. keep up C. happen D. last

7. A. in B. on C. for D. up

8. A. be B. cause C. provide D. experience