Thermodynamics

• Understand the difference between exothermic and endothermic processes as well as their sign (+/-) convention
• Understand energy changes during a phase change and use data to perform simple phase change calculations
• Write a thermochemical equation with states and whole number stoichiometric coefficients
E.g. Write a thermochemical equation for the decomposition of water using whole number stoichiometric coefficients.

• Perform a calorimetry calculation involving a chemical reaction/process: 𝑛∆𝐻 = 𝑚𝑐∆𝑇

Text p.312 #1-5

• Hess’ Law: combine reactions to get the heat of a target reaction; use molar heats of formation (∆𝐻𝑓° ) to calculate the heats
of reaction (∆𝐻𝑟° ) and vice-versa
Textbook: p.329 #4,5
 a) Manipulating Heat terms: 2Na2O (s) + 1020 kJ→ 4 Na(s) + O2(g) Determine the ΔHf for sodium oxide.
b)

A bomb calorimeter was used for burning a

sample of xylose (C5H10O5). Based on this data
determine the molar heat of combustion and
write a thermochemical equation.
Calorimeter water tank 1.13 L
capacity
Mass of xylose 1.183
Initial Temperature °C 23.29
Final Temperature °C 27.19
c of water 4.184 J/g°C
Density of water 1.00 g/mL
Molar mass of xylose 150.15 g/mol

c) If ΔHf of liquid benzene (C6H6) is +49 kJ/mol, use standard tables to determine the heat of combustion of
benzene.

Text p.335 #4,5

• Understand the relationship between heats of formation and heats of decomposition; heats of fusion and heats of
solidification; heats of vaporization and heats of condensations
Equilibrium
• Understand Le Châtelier’s Principle and be able to predict shifts given several changes to an equilibrium system
Text p.523 #11-13

• Graph the changes to an equilibrium system and the resulting shifts using Le Châtelier’s Principle
2C (s) + O2(g)  2CO (g)
a) oxygen is added
b) Pressure is increased by changing volume of the reaction chamber (while maintaining constant
temperature)

• Understand the differences between a homogeneous and a heterogeneous equilibrium system; understand the concept of
saturation as a solubility equilibrium
• Calculate K for an equilibrium system; be able to the shift in an equilibrium system based on a Q value (reaction quotient or
trial ion product)
• Solve an equilibrium problem using an ICE table; use the 100 rule to determine if an approximation is necessary
Text p.640#10-13

• Calculate Ksp, molar solubility and predict whether a precipitate will occur
Text p.640 #16-19

Solubility Equilibrium Problem:

Zn(CN)2 (Ksp = 3.1 x 10-16) was dissolved in 0.0100 mol/L NaCN solution. What is the molar solubility (in mol/L) of
zinc cyanide in the sodium cyanide solution?

I
C
E