NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

Open Book Examination

ANSWER TEMPLATE

Available for 24 hours

Learner name Sazada Ali Seikh

NEBOSH learner 00625770
number
Learning Partner name 819-International HSE Council LLC.

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Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 1 of 9

Task 1: Health and safety morals

Question 1
According to ILO C155, article 16 and UAE labour law, section 5, there are certain
responsibilities that must be fulfilled by an employer. But BB newly acquired nursery
practicing unacceptable moral management as below mentioned are:

 Safety induction/training procedure not conducted either by DM or any other

supervisor, On the day of meeting with DM and evaluate of nursery and brief
induction was given to injured apprentice.

 In scenario, it is observed that, nursery just filled the policy without understand
policy statement of intent, they copied other school aims, objective and key
elements and was approved by old owner too. That is also not revised since
January 2020.

 Nursery is using generic risk assessment related to only building and was
developed 3 years back and yet it is not reviewed and revised.

 It is also noted, many near misses are recorded and no further action for mitigation
concern is also alarming the moral responsibility.

 Several accidents are also documented, probably it is outcome of repeated near

misses.

 In spite of permanenting staff like DM who acting temporarily as manager,

apprentice doing part time job and recruitments of temporary staff intentionally
showing poor understaff culture.

 Health and safety awareness posters, evacuation plan is soul of any building,
missing around the building.

 While site tour was undertaken, basic housekeeping and material management
system has been not followed and found classroom doorway access/egress
obstructed partly by large size boxes.

 Health & Safety straightforward inspection of safe plant and system of work
arrangements is a moral duty of management hierarchy missing while new
apprentice trying to be climbed down the boy and the un-inspected ladder rung
snapped.

 Provision of safe working environment adequate welfare facilities missing, because

first aider is not available on accident day and suitable replacement also
unavailable.

 Accident investigation must be carried and findings to be documented is missing.

 The health safety and welfare of employees breached, while found injured
apprentice later went hospital by his own and discover fractured wrist injury.

So, we can say; all the above finding are corelate of unacceptable moral management.

Task 2: The approach taken to the review

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Question 2 (a)
The success of the OH&S management system depends on leadership, commitment and
participation from all levels and functions of the organization.

1. BB’s SMT positive intention to commit to underpinning and improving the overall
health and safety of the newly acquired nursery, so they assign me (experienced
H&S Advisor of BB) within a week to review health and safety of the nursery.

2. Significant organization changes introduce new health and safety risks. By

reviewing H&S policy and by revision we BB’s ensure policy relevant effective by
commitment to control risks.

3. By reviewing existing risk assessment after accident & near miss record and
reason, site inspection statistic. we easily assessing the major hazards, risk and
revise RA accordingly.

4. In the scenario, safety training/induction system is available and needs to revise for
it effective implementation.

5. Visitors record keeping onto “the visitor book” and accompanying visitors with
badge indicating distinguish between student/school staff and visitors.

6. As said by DM, certain areas of nursery are restricted and require electronic
security cards to access is encourages that children are under surveillance all
time during study or playing time. Outsider are restricted to harm children by any
means.

7. Easily H&S communication will be going to established after review by displaying

emergency procedure, safety posters, evacuation plan.

8. Nursery have two fenced(boundaries) garden and they have been assigning 2 staff
whenever students are playing or studying showing strong monitoring system to
protect Childrens.

9. Appropriate car parking with delivery access and waste storage area defines safe
plan and hygienic arrangements.

10. Previous owner was careless one and running out by his responsibilities and in
scenario it enlightens by accompany worker. But the positive approach of new
management of Plan, Do, Check, Act will lead and make safe place for work.

11. After review of health and safety arrangements section for welfare arrangement
of first aid and first aider will be surely assign.

12. In scenario, DM was discussing with recruiting agency shows negative staff
turnover culture can be mitigate by hiring Knowledgeable, Ability, Trained and
Experienced (KATE) workforce arrangements.

Question 2 (b)
We understand DM negative approach towards reviews through some points into the
scenario are:

 Key component point for any organization success is documents

arrangements/record keeping and DM was stated during review meeting that, thin
folder is only available with him along old policy & RA, accident and near miss
records.

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  Visible management is a important part and seen to be led by example when it
comes to H&S. But, as stated in scenario, “DM is sitting in the office as usual”.

 Arrogance and overconfidence approach noticed while H&S advisor overhear

course of leaving nursery by DM that they have more important job then
audit/review.

Task 3: Benefits of combined worker and employer involvement

Question 3
There are several benefits when worker and employer involve together for the setting
organization health and safety problems to improve employee as well as the health and
safety of nursery are:

1. Increase level of compliance with health and safety rules and procedure, in
scenario worker taken safety advisor to reception and later to DM.

2. Increase production/profitability while two-way process follows by organization.

3. Involvement of two-way process lift the moral of staff.

4. Together they develop realistic and effective ways of protecting workforce by

involving at planning stage like risk assessment and with detail analyse which
reasonably practicable.

5. Inducing small advice into nursery revision policy will lead in long-term achieving
objective, as mentioned old policy copied by local school.

6. Nursery inspection will help to identifying potential root cause of accident/near

miss and control measures ASAP.

7. Two-way process will improve company reputation in the industry and set
benchmark.

8. Setting schedule for tools and equipment’s check by inspection checklist will lead
to transparent the condition and minimize adverse effect to nursery.

9. While RA & work procedure developed by two-way process for each area of
nursery, it will reduce accident. Earlier generic RA only referring building.

10. Reduce accident will be benefitted both as worker safe by injury and nursery will
be pay minimum insurance premium.

11. Two-way process increases level of workforce loyalty towards nursery.

12. Mutual understanding leads permanenting apprentice to staff will be benefited

equally by reducing cost of staff turnover, which we observed by DM discussion
with recruitment agency.

13. Safe workplace environment through cooperation of worker and employee leads
shrinks fines and compensation to both parties.

Task 4: Accident investigation procedure and communicating health and

safety

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Question 4 (a)
Securing the accident site immediately after an accident occurs, it is mandatory to secure
area to prevent tampering with evidence. This includes:

01. Cordoning of the affected area: prevent people from entering or leaving it by
putting barricades of red/yellow tape. Broken ladder and it rung still available in
the garden B.

02. Preserving physical evidence: It is topmost priority of those entrusted with

gathering and collecting evidence by memorializing the accident scene through
photography, collecting, storing, tracking evidence, which not followed in accident
report of injured apprentice.

03. Ensuring the safety of all personnel involved by arranging first aid, medical
attention, safe evacuation and normalizing the affected members.

Question 4 (b)
Many problems in H&S arise due to poor communication between management and
workers or vice versa.

To prevent/controlling of an accident depends upon the ability and willingness of the

people in it to communicate. It is two-way process where the needs of the receiver are
equally important as needs of the specker. Both participants must be sure they are using
same language.

Benefits of the following method of communication to prevent accidents:

01. Written Communication: It is generally available in the form of letters, memos

hand-out, notices, rules and books and it is offered permanent record, providing
reference, persistent message, accurate details of topic, reachable to wide
audience and authoritative influence workforce how to tackle with hazards and
help to prevent accident. Apprentice accident may be prevented if writing
communication provided by DM and same posted on nursery walls. over
information board by existing nursery management.

02. Verbal Communication: This can be in the form of instruction, interviews,

meeting, lectures and it is a direct, two-way, quick, immediate feedback by
learner, easy to deliver and flexible way of communication put information to
employee’s memory about the workplace risk and control measures. If proper
safety induction was provided by DM and co-workers informed apprentice by
verbal communication about hidden risk in the nursery may be prevented the
accident.

03. Visual (Graphic) Communication: In general, it is available form of video,

computer or visual aids and easily do consistent message and attract large
groups with interesting and stimulating but such communication is unavailable in
the nursery and might be accident prevented if it is around the nursery.

Task 5: Identifying the influence of organisational and job factors

Question 5 (a)
Organisation factors have the greatest influence on individual and group behaviour.
Organization factors are management elements which contribute to a positive or negative
H&S behaviour Negative factors can cause employees to work unsafely even if

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competent.
Organization factors may be considered under the following aspects:

1. H&S culture of the organization

 Declination of employees to comply rules or act unsafely due to lack of
management intention of replacing defective ladder frame by refusing.

 Blaming culture as said by worker A that previous manager/owner had no

intention of replacing defective ladder frame and advising staff to use
common sense for its use.

 Employees are not invited and actively participated in the making of

nursery policy, Risk assessment.

2. Commitment and leadership from management

 Commitment and leadership of existing owner/manager and current DMs
are vulnerable as highlighted in scenario, DM does not show commitment
to H&S, nor companioned H&S advisor for site review and safety tour.

 Plagiarized and old policy cannot determine equal priority for business
objective to achieve production, quality of job/education basic welfare of
all.

3. Resources
 The provision of a good and safe working environment missing as
indicated in scenario that DM is busy with recruitment agency for hiring
new staff and brief training detail providing while conducting safety
induction.

 Provision of inadequate time, money, equipment and personnel to carry

out work safely also a factor influenced behaviours of nursery staffs.

4. Work pattern
 Long working hours environment due to shortage of employees which
mentioned in the scenario and lagging indicators have a protentional to
influenced employees negatively.

 Shift system may attract alone work due to manpower shortage.

5. Consultation and communication with the workforce

 No consultation and communication with the employee on H&S issues that
affect their work activities. When employees are not considered by
management to consulted on workplace issues can lead no dis-
agreement.

 H&S advisor noticed that posters, newsletters or departmental meeting

records are unavailable on nursery H&S records, no posters, newsletter
posted on notice boards or in key locations are some references indicating
lack of communication between management and employee.

Above accumulated negative organization factors can easily lead negatively influenced
H&S behaviour to the nursery and its staffs.

Question 5 (b)
The term “Human factors” covers a wide range of issues such as the perpetual, mental
and physical capabilities of people and the interactions of individuals with their job and

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working environment.
Job factors have potential to influence the behaviour of the injured worker by it’s short
and prolong effects as detailed:

1. Task Analysis
 When critical activities require special precaution and analysed for
potential errors and one to one hazards/risk discussion, as well
engineering control. But management fail to provide such safety measures
influenced the behaviour of injured worker.

2. Workload
 The complexity and excessive workload, physical involvement, deadline to
achieve work are some factors influenced one to one worker.

3. The working environment

 All physical condition in the nursery such as noise of student, ventilation,
atmospheric temperature etc. not maintain within acceptable standard and
no setting of monitoring procedure failure led to wrist fracture of newly
hired apprentice.

4. Display and control

 It is providing essential information about faults and emergency
arrangement within nursery in general along with ergonomic factors
consideration in the layout of control.

5. Procedure
 All procedure should be clear and unambiguous to the users and in simple
words which can be understandable for the users.

Hence, most of above job factors are not fulfilling by nursery management and may likely
have influenced negatively over injured worker.

Task 6: Determining uninsured costs incurred from the accident

Question 6
The HSE study shows that uninsured cost was between 8 and 36 time greater than the
cost of insured costs. A poor H&S record could mean an increase uninsured cost to the
nursery are:

 Accidents lead to medical treatment and times away from the job that is not
covered through injured apprentice compensation insurance.

 Accident investigation consume lot of time.

 Payments to nursery workers who are not injured, but because they stopped
work and look after, or help injured apprentice might be affected that day study
of children.

 Poor productivity of all nursery staff in the terms of teaching syllabus to

students due to low morale.

 If hospital, who provide treatment to apprentice; reported to authority, might be

nursery needed to pay prosecutions fines and the costs of imposed remedial
work.

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  Accident news can lead the nursery loss of reputation amongst
public/customers and in school society.

 In absence of injured apprentice, nursery forced to bear cost of recruiting

replacement staff.

 Arrangements of training for replacement staff cost.

 Increased unfavourable publicity can dent nursery income due to shortage of

student admission.

 Frequent accidents will lead to increasing cost of insurance.

 Appropriate remedial action negligence can lead to civil penalties, fines and
legal fees to nursery.

Task 7: Determining the benefits of inspections

Question 7
Health and safety (H&S) inspections involves the straightforward observation of nursery
&/or the activities or equipment within it to ensure conformance to nursery safety
requirements as well as complying with legal requirements. The two most common
inspections are:

01. General workplace inspection carried by management, H&S

representative, safety practitioners on a regular basis and

02. Statuary inspection which are required by the country’s legal system and
carried by competent person.

Some proactive top to bottom inspection deal with the things that are the immediate
causes of accidents and prevented the nursery accident. As a H&S advisor, I rely on
Plan, do, check and act process via general workplace inspections such as:

H&S management system plan section policy statement revise as per H&S aims
and objectives of the nursery.

Risk assessment is a key part of H&S management system and if generic RA were
revise with specific nursery associated significant risks and priorities to minimise
risk were helpful to deal with accidents.

Training is means of communication was missing while nursery assigned new

hired apprentice, so a detail safety induction, training and site walkdown will be
helpful to prevent accidents.

Information of site hazards and risk associated with that can be easily mitigated if
safety posters and evacuation and emergency procedure posted in nursery.

Visual inspection/check of nursery tools & equipment and checklist system is also
an evolution of removing worn tools and equipment before impacting.

Concerning number of near misses will assess and removing unforeseen event
that had the potential to harm.

Unsafe practice will be control and develop good practice by employees if they

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 know frequent site tour/inspection are carried.

A pre-prepared checklist of inspection topics will always be helpful as a memory aid

prompt examining the appropriate areas.

Structured, summarising the key issues and placing emphasis on the need for
action with short details will easily acceptable.

All identified problems with included action to rectify, with priority basis within time
frame and responsible person identified to carry out the actions.

The trainee worker accident could have been prevented if several H&S proactive
inspections were carried out and applied control measures before the accident.

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Documents NEBOSH course notes,

and HSG245,
sources of https://www.ilo.org/safework/info/standards-and-instruments/WCMS_107727/
information lang--en/index.htm
you used in
your 92-2-111634-4[ISBN]
examinatio https://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/books/hsg245.htm
n
https://www.hse.gov.uk/workplacetransport/management/
index.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/leadership/benefits.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/involvement/inspections.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/managing/management-system/
iso45001.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/humanfactors/topics/culture.htm
https://www.hse.gov.uk/humanfactors/introduction.htm

End of examination

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Assessment - Technical Learner Guide, English. All Open Book Examination guidance
documents can be found on the NEBOSH website:
https://www.nebosh.org.uk/digital-assessments/certificate/resources-to-help-you-prepare/

Answer sheet IG1-0033-ENG-OBE-V1 Dec23 © NEBOSH 2023 page 9 of 9