Factors Affecting the Solid Waste Management in Barangay Tambler,

General Santos City: A Basis for an Advocacy Poster

A Research Paper Presented to the

Senior High School Faculty of Banisil National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in

PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

Submitted by:

Mary Althea Bales Bulawan

Jerick Cariño Banisilon
Frincess Conarco Juntilla
James Mandal Masamlok
Issay Duran Mohammad
Edmer Lukina Yambo Jr.

Academic Track: Humanities and Social Sciences Strand

March 2024
 2

Republic of the Philippines

Region XII
Division of City Schools
BANISIL NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Tambler, General Santos City

APPROVAL SHEET

This research paper entitled “DEVELOPMENT OF IMPROVISED

TURBINE USING RENEWABLE SOURCES TO POWER A BULB” prepared
and submitted by JONARD P. TIGAS, PABLITO L. BUHANG JR., WYNLAB S.
CALDERON, BENJIE G. MANGULAMAS, ISAIAH M. ALANZA, RUSSEL O.
IMAN, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-
LIVELIHOOD TRACK: ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
specialization has been examined and is recommended for oral examination.

LIENDON JOEY A. PARREÑO

Research Adviser

PANEL OF EXAMINERS
Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination

JOHN Q. AGUILAR
Chairman

RANDY M. GEPULLA LIENDON JOEY A. PARREÑO

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for

TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL-LIVELIHOOD TRACK: ELECTRICAL
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE.

Recommended by: Approved by:

CHERRY ANN Q. CATUBIG EDDIE H. ATAY, Ed. D.

Senior High School Coordinator School Principal

_________________________ ______________________
Date Date
 3

Development of Improvised Turbine using Renewable Sources to Power a Bulb.

Unpublished Research Paper of Technical-Vocational-Livelihood Track: Electrical
Installation and Maintenance specialization. Senior High School Department,
Banisil National High School, General Santos City. June 2023.

ABSTRACT

This study dealt with the development of an improvised turbine with the use of
renewable sources in powering a bulb, it aimed to discover the results and the
extent quality of the improvised turbine in terms of its usability, maintainability,
and safety. The study used renewable sources which are wind and water. This
study used Research and Development (R & D) design to develop a prototype to
be validated, the improvised turbine was constructed at the EIM laboratory in
Banisil National High School and was validated by five (5) team validators and
five (5) expert validators. The developed improvised turbine was approved and
validated by both groups of respondents in terms of usability, maintainability, and
safety. Based on the findings, the voltage was stored in a sealed lead-acid
battery by using an improvised turbine and three (3) bulbs were continuously
supplied by a sealed lead-acid battery with different duration of time according to
its wattage: 3W, 5W, and 9W. Conclusions were drawn that the improvised
turbine generated high voltage and continuously supplied a DC LED bulb.
Furthermore, the extent quality of the improvised turbine was highly usable,
highly maintainable, and highly safe.

Keywords: Improvised Turbine, Prototype, Renewable Sources, Research and

Development (R&D), Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM), Banisil
National High School (BNHS)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The researchers would like to convey their heartfelt and sincerest

gratitude to the following individuals who generously assisted and supported

them in making this research a complete success. Sample only.

Enumerate the people you would like to thank.

 4

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgment iv
Table of Contents v
List of Tables vi
List of Figures viii
List of Appendices Ix

CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study 1
Statement of the Problem 1
Significance of the Study 1
Scope and Delimitation 1
Definition of Terms 1

CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Related Literature 1
Related Studies 1
Theoretical Framework 1

CHAPTER 3: METHODOLOGY
Research Design 1
Participants of the Study 1
Locale of the Study 1
Sampling Technique 1
Data Gathering Instrument 1
Data Gathering Procedure 1
Data Analysis 1
 5

CHAPTER 4: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND

INTERPRETATION OF DATA
Insert Subsection Title 1
Insert Subsection Title 1

CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS,

RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary 1
Findings 1
Conclusions 1
Recommendations 1

REFERENCES 1
 6

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

1 Voltage Stored in a Battery 34

2 Corresponding Duration of Battery to Supply Power 35

3 Usability of the Prototype 36

4 Maintainability of the Prototype 37

5 Safety of the Prototype 38

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Page

1 Conceptual Framework 21

2 Three Phases in Conducting the Study 24

3 Flowchart of Pilot Testing and Troubleshooting 25

4 Schematic Diagram 26

5 Data Gathering Procedure 29

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendi
Page
x

A Letter to the Principal 50

B Letter to the Validators 51

C Research Questionnaire 55

D Validation Tool 57

E Validation Rating 58

F Validation Result 59

G Letter to the Respondents 60

H Materials Used in Conducting the Study 61

I Documentation 62

J User’s Manual 64

K Gantt Chart 66

L Budgetary Plan 67
 1

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

This chapter consists of five parts namely (1) Background of the Study,

which presents the purpose and rationale of the study; (2) Statement of the

Problem, which states the general and specific problems of the study; (3)

Significance of the Study, which discusses the benefits that may be derived from

the results of the study and enumerates the persons who would benefit from

them; (4) Scope and Delimitation of the Study, which specifies the coverage and

the limitation of the study; and (5) Definition of Terms, which provides the

conceptual and operational definitions of important terms used in the study.

Background of the Study

One of the major issues the world is currently dealing with is improper waste

disposal, which is mostly caused by humans. Numerous studies carried out in

recent years have concluded the significance of appropriate waste management

in the community and the consequences of inappropriate waste management for

the community, environment, and public health.(Abdel- Shafy, H. I, Mansour, M.

S.M),

Solid waste, which can be defined as any discarded substance arising from a

domestic act, is an inevitable byproduct of human activities. The methodical

collection of solid trash from various sources, such as homes, businesses, and

industries, is the initial stage in the process. This research is important because it
 2

covers many methods that were selected based on the properties of the trash

and its possible environmental impacts, such as recycling, composting,

incineration, or controlled garbage dumps.

Waste production globally is expected to reach 3.40 billion tonnes by 2050, with

high-income nations producing over 34% of the world's trash. The East Asia and

Pacific region, comprising 23% of the world's trash, is predicted to produce the

most, while the Middle East and North Africa produce the least. Sub-Saharan

Africa, South Asia, the Middle East, and North Africa are predicted to experience

the fastest rate of waste creation, with total trash creation expected to triple,

double, and quadruple by 2050. This increase will have significant environmental,

human health, and economic impacts, (The World Bank, n.d.). The Philippines is

presently experiencing similar problems, due to the lack of a national solid waste

management infrastructure, consumers in major Philippine cities like Cebu, Iloilo,

and Cagayan de Oro are finding it difficult to give up using single-use packaging

for even the most basic everyday items. As a result, a significant amount of

plastic waste ends up in landfills and rivers, (Albay, R. L., 2023). In the city of

General Santos, the sanitary landfill (SLF) in the city is being expanded by the

government to handle the growing amount of solid waste produced by the 26

barangays.

The head of the Trash Management Office, Ferdinand Pareja, announced on

Wednesday that further trash cell development has been suggested within the
 3

63.3-hectare landfill in Barangay Sinawal, as the current facility is already almost

at capacity, (Gubalani, R., 2021).

Cities Worldwide are facing a higher level of pollution due to multiple

environmental needs. The primary aim of Solid waste management is to Reduce

Environmental and Health Hazards in environmental and to mitigate health risks,

It is extremely important in your community mainly because it will prevent your

household from experiencing the hazardous outcomes of solid waste material.

with the help of humans to know about management practices. Thus, the

purpose of this study is to determine the factors affecting solid waste

management in General Santos City's Barangay Tambler and to provide

solutions through an advocacy poster.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to explore the factors affecting solid waste management

in Barangay Tambler, General Santos City. By extension, the results of the study

will be used as the basis for the development of an advocacy poster.

Specifically, this study will seek to answer the following questions;

1. What are the hindrances encountered by the residents in the proper

segregation of solid waste?

2. What are the reasons that influence the residents’ improper solid waste

disposal?

3. Based on the findings of the study, what proposal can be made?

Significance of the Study

 4

The results of this study may be beneficial to the following.

To the residents, as this study may help the residents to recognize the

importance of applying proper solid waste management. Also they can greatly

benefit from realizing how important it is to implement suitable solid waste

management techniques in order to acknowledge their role in environmental

preservation.

To the Barangay Officials, as this study may help the Ward leaders to

reduce the problem of waste. And it will lead them to look for a better solution in

regard to this problem, through the help of this conducted study.

To the community, as this study may lead the community to apply the

proper solid waste management. The community needs to know about this study.

It's about teaching the community how to manage garbage more wisely so that

the community can all take better care of the environment. Adopting appropriate

waste management techniques will help the community decrease trash, make

the community area a safer and more enjoyable place for everyone.

To the future researchers, as this study may serve as a starting point for

additional research into solid waste management systems, helping to build more

comprehensive and sustainable solutions for communities experiencing

comparable difficulties.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study explores the factors affecting solid waste management in Barangay

Tambler, General Santos City. It focuses on waste generation, collection

efficiency, resident segregation practices, and disposal methods within the

 5

barangay. The Barangay Tambler, and General Santos City residents will serve

as the study respondents. The parameters of this study will only be limited to

Barangay Tambler. Whereas the respondent should be a resident of Barangay

Tambler and any other terms that are unnecessary for the study are not included.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are defined conceptually and operationally for better

understanding of this study.

Solid Waste. Conceptually, the term Solid Waste is defined by User, S.

(2024) is defined as any discarded material that is abandoned by being disposed

of, burned or incinerated, recycled or considered "waste-like." Operationally, this

term will be used in the study to refer to the problem of habitual nonattendance of

Grade 11 students in Banisil National High School.

Waste Segregation. Conceptually, the term Waste Segregation is defined by

IEEE Xplore. (n.d.) is defined as the process of identifying, classifying,dividing

and sorting of garbage and waste products in an effort to reduce, reuse and

recycle materials. Operationally, this term will be used in the study to refer to the

problem of habitual nonattendance of Grade 11 students in Banisil National High

School.

Waste Disposal. Conceptually, the term Waste Disposal is defined by

Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (2024) as the collection, processing, and recycling

or deposition of the waste materials of human society. Operationally, this term

 6

will be used in the study to refer to the problem of habitual nonattendance of

Grade 11 students in Banisil National High School.

Solid Waste Management . Conceptually, the term Solid Waste

Management is defined by Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. (n.d.) is defined as the

collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it

has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Operationally, this term will be used

in the study to refer to the problem of habitual nonattendance of Grade 11

students in Banisil National High School.

Advocacy Poster. Conceptually, the term Advocacy Poster is defined by

Service Sparks: Advocacy Posters | Learning to Give. (n.d.) is defined as

displayed in a public place to inform and persuade others. Operationally, this

term will be used in the study to refer to the problem of habitual nonattendance of

Grade 11 students in Banisil National High School.

 7

Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter deals with the related literature relevant to the present

investigation. It has six (the number parts can vary depending on how extensive

for RRL and RRS are) parts, namely: (1) History of and Development of SMAW,

which discusses the origin, timeline, and the development of SMAW strand from

its industrial perspective, and its relationship to curricular application; (2) Indicate

topic title, (briefly explain the overview of the part specified); (3) Indicate topic

title, (briefly explain the overview of the part specified); (4) Indicate Topic, (briefly

explain the overview of the part specified); (5) Related Studies, which contains

the relevant studies that discuss similar points in this present study; (6)

Theoretical Framework, which outlines the theory that will be used and the

variables that will be explored in the study.

History of and Development of SMAW

SMAW stands for Shielded Metal Arc Welding. It is derived from… (insert

the history and development of SMAW).

(Insert paragraphs related to SMAW as a strand, outline a perspective

from an industrial point of view, and write about its relationship to curricular

application).

Indicate Topic Title

 8

(Discuss the topic extensively and write about your findings with the

related literature). Write at least 3 paragraphs per topic.

Indicate Topic Title

(Discuss the topic extensively and write about your findings with the

related literature). Write at least 3 paragraphs per topic.

Indicate Topic Title

(Discuss the topic extensively and write about your findings with the

related literature). Write at least 3 paragraphs per topic.

Related Studies

According to a study conducted by Dalisay, C. (2020) entitled “insert title

of the study,” there has been a significant relationship… (insert concepts).

The second paragraph is intended to explain why the cited study is

relevant to the present study. State connections, explain relationships, bridge

gaps.

In a study published in… by Dalisay, C. (2020), SMAW strand is highly

correlated to…

The second paragraph is intended to explain why the cited study is

relevant to the present study. State connections, explain relationships, bridge

gaps.

Insert third relevant study, follow the same format. Please make sure to

properly cite the study and establish relevant findings out of the study.
 9

The second paragraph is intended to explain why the cited study is

relevant to the present study. State connections, explain relationships, bridge

gaps.

Insert fourth relevant study, follow the same format. Please make sure to

properly cite the study and establish relevant findings out of the study.

The second paragraph is intended to explain why the cited study is

relevant to the present study. State connections, explain relationships, bridge

gaps.

Insert fifth relevant study, follow the same format. Please make sure to

properly cite the study and establish relevant findings out of the study.

The second paragraph is intended to explain why the cited study is

relevant to the present study. State connections, explain relationships, bridge

gaps.

Theoretical Framework

Discuss the theory that will be used and the variables that will be explored

in your study.
 10

Chapter 3

METHODOLOGY

This chapter consists of seven parts namely: (1) Research Design, which

presents the nature of the research design and the strategy of investigation that

will be employed in the study; (2) Participants of the Study, which presents the

participants and persons involved in the conduct of the study; (3) Locale of the

Study, which presents the place where the study is to be conducted; (4)

Sampling Technique, which presents the technique of selecting the respondents

of the study; (5) Data Gathering Instrument, which presents the instrument that

will be utilized in gathering data; (6) Data Gathering Procedure, which presents

the steps and procedure in carrying out the gathering of data; and (7) Data

Analysis, which presents the method of analyzing the gathered data and material

that will be interpreted.

Research Design

insert a paragraph here and indicate your research design.

Participants of the Study

insert a paragraph here and indicate your participants.

Locale of the Study

insert a paragraph here and indicate your research locale.

Sampling Technique
 11

insert a paragraph here and indicate your sampling technique (ex: random

sampling, purposive sampling, convenience sampling, snowball sampling,

stratified sampling, quota sampling, systematic sampling).

Data Gathering Instrument

insert a paragraph here and indicate your data-gathering instrument

(structured interview, semi-structured interview, unstructured interview).

Data Gathering Procedure

insert a schematic diagram here and indicate your data-gathering

procedure.

Data Analysis

insert a narrative or table on how you will analyze your data gathered (ex:

Colaizzi’s method for phenomenological, content analysis, etc.)

 12

Chapter 4

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter consists of three parts (number of parts can vary depending

on your SOP and analysis) namely: (1) (insert title), which presents the… (insert

short description of the subpart); (2) (insert title), which analyzes the… (insert

short description of the subpart); (3) (insert title), which discusses the… (insert

short description of the subpart). The various results are presented in the

succeeding tables and significant statements. The analysis and interpretation of

data answer the specific problems posed in the previous chapter.

Insert Topic

(add narrative description)

(sample table)
 13

Insert Topic
 14

Insert Topic
15
 16

Chapter 5

SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter consists of four parts namely: (1) Summary, which

summarizes the purpose of the study and the research methodology; (2)

Findings, which lays out the findings of the study; (3) Conclusions, which

presents the conclusions made after completing the study; and (4)

Recommendations, which offers recommendations in view of the results drawn

from the study.

Summary

This study successfully analyzed the data regarding the (insert objective

of the study). With the use of the research methodology (insert YOUR data

gathering technique), the researchers were able to answer the following research

questions.

(insert your itemized research questions here)

Findings

Based on the analysis of data, the following are the findings of this study.

(insert YOUR findings, e.g. significant relationships, interpretation of data,

etc.)

Conclusions

The results of the present study entitled (insert title) have led to certain

conclusions.
 17

(insert YOUR general conclusions based on the study)

Recommendations

In the light of the preceding findings, the following are recommended.

1. Insert your recommendations what other researchers may want to explore.

2. Insert your recommendations what other researchers may want to explore.

3. Insert your recommendations what other researchers may want to explore.

 18

References

NOTE: Make sure to follow the APA 7th Edition format.

For Quick Guide to 7th Ed APA, click here:

https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/

1h_wM8mgg3VXl1gw0jzNGJOrUF1gKO9By?usp=share_link

FORMAT: Short bond paper; Font: Arial, 12pt; Margin: 1.5inch left, 1inch top,

right, and bottom sides; Justified; Double-spaced.

NOTE: Fasten your research paper in a short/white plastic folder.

 1

APPENDICES
 APPENDIX A

Research Questionnaire/Interview Guide

(LABEL WHICHEVER IS APPLICABLE)

Research Questionnaire if Quanti

Interview Guide in Quali)

 APPENDIX B

Interview Transcript

(insert YOUR transcript here)

 APPENDIX C

Letter to the Principal

(insert YOUR letter here)

 APPENDIX D

Letter to the Validators

(insert YOUR letter here)

 APPENDIX E

Validation Rating

(if only applicable)

(insert the results of your Validation Tool scored by the Validators)

 APPENDIX F

Letter to the Respondents/Participants

(LABLE WHICHEVER IS APPLICABLE: Respondents if Quanti; Participants if

Quali)

(insert YOUR letter here)

 APPENDIX G

Letter to the Records-in-Charge

(if only applicable)

(insert YOUR letter here)

 APPENDIX H

Materials Used in Conducting the Study

(if only applicable)

(insert the PICTURES here)

 APPENDIX I

Documentation

(insert the PICTURES during the conduct of data gathering here)

 APPENDIX J

Audio Recording of Interviews

To access the native audio recording, scan the QR code below or access

the link here: bit.ly/3UPNJRU.

Scan Me!

Google Drive: JQA | PR1 Library | Documentation | SY:2023-2024

(kindly upload your recording to Sir John’s Google Drive by scanning the QR

Code or clicking the bit.ly link above)

 SAMPLE

CURRICULUM VITAE NOTE: Furnish individual CV

for all proponents

Personal Information

Name: Juan A. Dela Cruz

Sex: Male Insert
Age: 18 Graduation/Formal
Date of Birth: January 1, 2005 Picture
Civil Status: Single
Religion: Roman Catholic
Nationality: Filipino
Contact Number: 09100000000
Email Address: juandelacruz@gmail.com
Home Address: Lot 5, Block 10, Purok Diamond Valley,
Brgy. Tambler, General Santos City,
9500, South Cotabato, Philippines

Educational Attainment

Primary: Tambler Daycare Center

Purok Banisil, Brgy Tambler, General Santos City
Year Graduated: 2010

Elementary: Banisil Central Elementary School

Purok Banisil, Brgy. Tambler, General Santos City
Year Graduated: 2016

Secondary: Banisil National High School – Junior High School

Purok Banisil, Brgy. Tambler, General Santos City
Year Graduated: 2021

Banisil National High School – Senior High School

Purok Banisil, Brgy. Tambler, General Santos City

Track: Academic
Strand: Humanities and Social Sciences (HUMSS)