Lý thuyết và bài tập nâng cao câu điều kiện loại 1

1. Định nghĩa
- Câu điều kiện là câu gồm hai phần: Một phần nêu lên điều kiện của hành động và một phần còn lại
nêu kết quả của hành động đó, hay còn gọi là mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện (thường bắt đầu với if) và mệnh
đề chính (chứa will/ would)
- Mệnh đề chỉ điều kiện thì luôn đi liền sau từ if
2. Cấu trúc
If + S + present simple (thì hiện tại đơn), S + simple future (thì tương lai đơn) + V
Ví dụ: If I have enough money, I will buy that flat (Nếu tôi có đủ tiền, tôi sẽ mua căn hộ kia)
Lưu ý:
- Mệnh đề “If” khi được đặt trước mệnh đề chính ta phải dùng dấu phẩy “,”
- Các động từ khuyết thiếu (can, may, should, must,…) có thể được dùng để thay thế “will” trong mệnh
đề chính
- Đôi khi thì hiện tại đơn có thể được dùng trong mệnh đề chính, khi diễn tả một quy luật, một sự thật
hiển nhiên, một điều kiện luôn luôn đúng
Ví dụ: If the sun doesn’t shine, you feel cold (Nếu mặt trời không tỏa nắng, bạn sẽ thấy lạnh)
3. Bài tập luyện tập
Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the first conditional
1. The bell (ring) ______ if there (be) _____ a fire
2. If you (not learn) ______ if all three of you (get) _____ on it!
3. If we (reuse) _____ things, this (minimize) _______ the dependence of making new things
4. We (reduce) _____ noise pollution if we (grow) _____ more trees since they absorb sound
5. If we (recycle) _____ glass, we (reduce) _____ air pollution by 20 per cent
6. If you (hear) ____ loud noise too often, you (have) _____ hearing loss
7. The bike (break) _____ if all three of you (get) _____ on it!
8. We (also cut) ______ down the amount of pollution we create if we (cut) ____ down the use of fossil
fuels
9. You (save) ______ 40 watt-hours a day if you (turn) _____ off your computer before bedtime
10. I (have) _____ no money left if I (buy) ____ that expensive book.
Exercise 2: Choose the best answer
1. What will happen if you _____ to work tomorrow?
A. didn’t go
B. don’t go
C. won’t go
D. wouldn’t go
2. We’ll get wet if we _____ out
A. go
B. did go
C. went
D. had gone
3. If I go shopping, I ____ some food
A. buy
B. will buy
C. would buy
D. would have bought
4. If I find it, I ____ you
A. will tell
B. would tell
C. had told
D. told
5. If she sells her car, she ____ much money
A. gets
B. would get
C. will get
D. would have got
Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences using the conditional sentences
1. He will pay me tonight; I will have enough money to buy a car
_____________________
2. I will get a work permit. I will stay for another month
_____________________
3. Study hard or you won’t pass the exam
_____________________
4. Don’t be impatient or you will make mistakes
_____________________
5. We save water. We won’t have to suffer from water shortage
_____________________
Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with the correct verbs form in the bracket
1. If we meet at 9.30, we (have) ______ plenty of time
2. Unless you (tell) ____ the truth, I won’t help you
3. You’ll get pneumonia if you (not charge) _____ your wet clothes
4. If you go to Paris, where you (stay) _________?
5. The doors will be unlocked if you (press) _____ the green button
Exercise 5: Write a sentence with “if” for each situation
Exercise 5: Write a sentence with “if” for each situation
1. You drive fast. You have an accident
________________________
2. She stays at home. I give her a bar of chocolate
________________________
3. They don’t open the door. The room is very dark
________________________
4. We pollute the river. We don’t have water to use
________________________
5. She doesn’t hurry. She is late for school
________________________
6. You should work hard, or you won’t pass the exam.
________________________
7. Henry fails his examination. His parents will be sad.
________________________
8. Sue shouldn’t go out this weekend, or she won’t have time to study.
________________________
9. I think it’ll snow tomorrow, I will go skiing.
________________________
10. He should leave soon, or he’ll miss the bus.
 Bài tập câu điều kiện loại 1
I. Điền thông tin thực của nhiều kiểu người khác nhau vào trong câu với "if + Present Simple +
Present Simple". Hãy dùng "you" làm chủ từ của cả hai vế câu.
1.Vegetarians don't eat meat.
If you're a vegetarian, _____________________________
2. People who live in a cold country don't like hot weather.
If you live ______________________________________
3. Teachers have to work very hard.
If you're a teacher, _______________________________
4. People who do a lot of exercise stay fit and healthy.
If you _________________________________________
5. Mechanics understand engines.
If you're a ______________________________________
6. People who read newspapers know what's happening in the world.
If you __________________________________________
II. Hoàn thành những câu sau với "if + Present Simple + will/won't", sử dụng những từ trong
ngoặc đơn ( ). Đôi khi bạn không cần thay đổi những từ trong ngoặc đơn.
If it rains (it/rain), we won't go (we/not/go) fishing.
1. If__________(the weather/be) beautiful tomorrow, ____________(we/drive) tothe beach.
2. If ___________ (she/send) the letter now, ____________ (they/receive) ittomorrow.
3. ____________ (Fred/be) angry if ___________ (Jack/arrive) late again.
4. ______________ (I/come) to your house if ________(I/have) enough time.
5. If ____________ (she/not/pass) this exam, ____________ (she/not/get) the job that she wants.
6. _______________ (you/learn) a lot if _____________ (you/take) this course.
7. If ____________ (I/get) a ticket, ________________(I/go) to the cinema.
8. ____________ (I/buy) that machine if _______________(it/not/cost) too much.
9. ____________ (you/run) very fast, ______________ (you/catch) the taxi.
10. __________(I/go) to the doctor's if ____________ (I/not/feel) better tomorrow.
11.______________ (they/win) this match, ___________ (they/be) the champions.
III. Hoàn thành những đoạn đối thoại sau với thì hiện tại đơn hoặc dạng "will/won't" của những
từ trong ngoặc đơn ( ). Đôi khi bạn không cần thay đổi từ trong ngoặc đơn.
A: We must be at the theatre at 7 o'clock.
-----> B: Well, if we take (we/take) a bus at six o'clock, we won't be (we/not/be) late.
1. A: I'd like a magazine.
B: Well, _________ (I/buy) one for you if _________(I/go) to the shop later.
2. A: Has Jack phoned yet?
B: No, and if ________ (he/not/phone) this afternoon, _________ (I/phone) him this evening.
3. A: Is Mary there, please?
B: No, but if ________ (you/want) to leave a message,_________ (I/give) it to her.
4. A: Is Tom going to pass his exam?
B: Well, ________ (he/fail) if ________ (he/not/study) harder.
5. A: Could I have some information about this year's concerts, please?
B: Yes, if _________ (you/fill in) this form, _________(I/send) it to you in the post
IV. Hoàn thành các câu sau đây theo điều kiện loại 1 của những từ trong ( ).
1) If we __________ (to send) an invitation, our friends __________ (to come) to our party.
2) He __________ (not/to understand) you if you __________ (to whisper).
3) They __________ (not/to survive) in the desert if they __________ (not/to take) extra water with
them.
4) If you __________ (to press) CTRL + s, you __________ (to save) the file.
5) You __________ (to cross) the Channel if you __________ (to fly) from Paris to London.
6) Fred __________ (to answer) the phone if his wife __________ (to have) a bath.
7) If Claire __________ (to wear) this dress at the party, our guests __________ (not/to stay) any
longer.
8) If I __________ (to touch) this snake, my girlfriend __________ (not/to scream).
9) She __________ (to forget) to pick you up if you __________ (not/to phone) her.
10) I __________ (to remember) you if you __________ (to give) me a photo.
V. Chia động từ trong ngoặc
1) If I _____ (study), I _____ (pass) the exams.
2) If the sun _____ (shine), we _____ (walk) to the town.
3) If he _____ (have) a temperature, he _____ (see) the doctor.
4) If my friends _____ (come), I _____ (be) very happy.
5) If she _____ (earn) a lot of money, she _____ (fly) to New York.
6) If we _____ ( travel) to London, we _____ (visit) the museums.
7) If you _____ (wear) sandals in the mountains, you _____ (slip) on the rocks.
8) If Rita _____ (forget) her homework, the teacher _____ (give) her a low mark.
9) If they _____ (go) to the disco, they _____ (listen) to loud music.
10) If you _____ (wait) a minute, I _____ (ask) my parents.
VI. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed to make the sentence
correct.
1. If(A) someone came(B) into the store, smile (C) and say, “May (D) I help you?”
2. If(A) you do not understand(B) what were written (C) in the book, you could ask (D) Mr. Pike.
3. If(A) there isn’t(B) enough food (C), we couldn’t continue (D) our journey.
4. If(A) anyone will phone(B), tell (C) them I’ll be (D) back at 11:00.
5. I will come(A) to meet Mr. Pike and tell him about(B) your problems if (C) you didn’t solve (D)
them.
VII. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct form:
Example: If it (rain) ____rains____, we (not go) ___will not go _____to the cinema.
1. If the weather (be) ___________nice tomorrow, we (drive) ____________to our farm.
2. If we (send) ________________this message now, they (receive) ____________ it in time.
3. He (be) __________________ angry if you (come) __________________late again.
4. If I (have) __________________enough time, I (do) __________________this homework.
5. I (take) ________________a photo of this beach if I (have) ______________a camera.
6. You (be) __________________punished if you (fail) __________________the exam.
7. If it (rain) __________________this weekend, we (stay) __________________at home.
8. She (do) __________________it if she (promise) __________________you.
9. What______ you (do) ____________if you (not have) __________________money?
10. The kitchen (look) __________________ better if we (have) __________________red curtains.
11. If I (not do) __________________ my homework now, I (not be able to) __________________ go
out later.
12. Charlie (eat) __________________ your chips if you (not finish) __________________ them.
13. I (be) __________________ in my office if she (need) __________________ anything.
14. If Kate (go) __________________ to America, I (miss) __________________ her.
15. If my brother (not get)__________________ a ticket, he (not be able to) __________________ go
to the match.
16. If Mike (come) __________________ late, his girldfriend (be) __________________ annoyed.
17. The climate (change) __________________ if more trees (die)__________________.
18. Tom (come) __________________ to the party if you (invite) __________________ him.
VIII. Begin the sentences below with unless. Make any necessary changes.
1. If they don’t practise a lot, they will lose the game.
Unless ___________________________________________________.
2. I’ll miss the train if I don’t go now.
_________________________________________________________.
3. If she doesn’t answer the phone, leave her a message.
_________________________________________________________.
4. If you don’t pay the bill, I’ll call the police.
_________________________________________________________.
5. If he doesn’t work hard, he won’t pass the examination.
_________________________________________________________.
IX. Circle the correct answer
1. If the weather is fine, we (goes/ will go) camping tomorrow.
2. My parents will give me a gift if I (will pass/ pass) the final exam.
3. If you are polite to others, they (will be/ are nice to you).
4. Unless James (studies/ will study) hard, he will fail the exam.
5. My parents won’t allow me to go out if I (don’t finish/ won’t finish) my homework.
6. If the cable TV (doesn’t/ won’t) work, we will rent a DVD.
7. If you don’t want to stay at home, you (go/ can go) with me to the supermarket.
8. If you (will be/ are) a good listener, you will gain many friends.
9. James won’t attend the meeting if he (won’t/doesn’t) want to.
10. You can’t have this job unless you (have/will have) long working experience.
X. Combine the sentences using conditional sentence type 1 and the words given.
1. Factories dump waste into rivers. A lot of fish die.
__________________________________________
2. People use plastic bags, Oceans are full of plastic garbage.
__________________________________________
3. I don't walk to school. I don't save a lot of money.
__________________________________________
4. People build too many houses. Land for farming decreases.
__________________________________________
5. The Earth becomes hotter. The polar ice cap melts.
__________________________________________
6. The polar ice cap melts. Sea level rises.
__________________________________________
7. We don't use recycled products. We don't help the environment.
__________________________________________
8. We breathe polluted air. We suffer from lung diseases.
__________________________________________
9. People don't often cycle. There is much air pollution.
__________________________________________
10. You don't write on both sides. You waste your paper.
__________________________________________