1 E12_Handout_Unit 8

UNIT 8: THE WORLD OF WORK

Content:
A. Word list (Student’s Book) & Pronunciation Exercises (page 1)
B. Vocabulary (Student’s Book) & Practice Exercises (page 2)
C. Grammar: Reported Speech (page 4)
D. Vocabulary (extended) (page 8)
E. Reading (extended) (page 11)
F. Extra lessons: vocabulary & reading (page 13)

A. WORD LIST (Student’s Book) & PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES:

No Words/ Transcription PoS Meaning Notes
phrases
1. Candidate /ˈkændɪdət/ n ứng viên (đã qua vòng sơ tuyển)
2. Covering letter /ˈkʌvərɪŋ letə(r)/ n Thư xin việc AmE: cover
letter
3. CV /ˌsiː ˈviː/ n Sơ yếu lý lịch AmE: résumé
(Curriculum Vitae) /kəˌrɪkjələm
ˈviːtaɪ/
4. Demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ v Thể hiện
5. Job applicant /dʒɒb/ /ˈæplɪkənt/ nphr Người nộp đơn xin việc
6. Job seeker / Jobseeker /ˈdʒɒbsiːkə(r)/ n Người tìm việc
7. Probation /prəˈbeɪʃn/ n Sự/thời gian thử việc
8. Qualification /ˌkwɒlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n Trình độ chuyên môn, bằng cấp
9. Be qualified for /ˈkwɒlɪfaɪd/ a Đủ tư cách, khả năng, điều kiện
10. Recruit /rɪˈkruːt/ V Tuyển dụng
N Người được tuyển dụng
11. Relevant /ˈreləvənt/ a Thích hợp, phù hợp
12. Screen /skriːn/ v Nghiên cứu và thẩm tra
13. Shortlist /ˈʃɔːtlɪst/ v Sơ tuyển
14. Administrator /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtə(r)/ n Nhân viên hành chính Administrative
(a)
15. Apprentice /əˈprentɪs/ n Thực tập sinh, người học việc Apprenticeship
(n)
16. Approachable /əˈprəʊtʃəbl/ a Dễ gần, dễ tiếp cận
17. Articulate /ɑːˈtɪkjuleɪt/ a Nói năng lưu loát, hoạt ngôn
18. Dealership /ˈdiːləʃɪp/ n Doanh nghiệp kinh doanh
19. Entry-level /ˈentri levl/ a Không đòi hỏi kinh nghiệm
20. Leave /liːv/ n Phép nghỉ
21. Minute /ˈmɪnɪt/ n Biên bản họp
22. Ongoing /ˈɒnɡəʊɪŋ/ a Tiếp tục tồn tại và phát triển
23. Prioritize /praɪˈɒrətaɪz/ v Sắp xếp công việc hợp lý, ưu tiên
việc quan trọng trước
24. Prospect /ˈprɒspekt/ n Triển vọng
25. Specialize /ˈspeʃəlaɪz/ v Chuyên (về lĩnh vực nào đó) ~ in
26. Well-spoken /ˌwel ˈspəʊkən/ a Nói hay, nói với lời lẽ chải chuốt

PRONUNCIATION EXERCISES:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
1. A. advertisement B. applicant C. candidate D. management
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2. A. relevant B. energetic C. enthusiastic D. engineer

3. A. organized B. prioritize C. important D. opportunity
4. A. competitive B. entrepreneur C. apprenticeship D. conscientious
5. A. challenging B. energetic C. management D. organized
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary
stress in each of the following questions.
6. A. experience B. apprenticeship C. administration D. prioritize
7. A. advertisement B. probation C. competitive D. relevant
8. A. organization B. enthusiastic C. compassionate D. qualification
9. A. encourage B. interview C. graduate D. organize
10. A. successful B. significant C. experienced D. challenging
B. VOCABULARY (Student’s Book) & PRACTICE EXERCISES:
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. He has all the right_______ for the job.
A. certificates B. degrees C. diplomas D. qualifications
2. Before we apply for any jobs, we need to prepare a good CV and a _______ very carefully.
A. resume B. job interview C. covering letter D. reference
3. Employers always want job _______ to be able to demonstrate their skills and qualities.
A. employees B. workers C. staff D. applicants
4. There are usually a lot of job seekers applying for one position. Only a few of them are _______ for an interview.
A. shortlisted B. listed C. screened D. tested
5. My application was not successful; there were more than 4,000 applicants and only 20 were selected. I realized that
apprenticeship were very _______.
A. demanding B. crowding C. competitive D. difficult
6. When preparing a CV, university _______ can consider attaching a separate report about official work experience
during the course.
A. graduates B. leavers C. candidates D. applicants
7. An apprentice is required to do several years' _______.
A. coaching B. education C. formation D. training
8. According to everyone in the _______ , she’s a very good boss.
A. apartment B. compartment C. department D. employment
9. She's looking for a better position with another _______.
A. association B. firm C. house D. society
10. It's wise to think about choosing a _______ before leaving school.
A. business B. career C. living D. profession
11. A doctor is a member of a respected _______.
A. occupation B. profession C. trade D. work
12. If you want a job, you have to _______ for one.
A. applicate B. apply C. ask D. request
13. You'll probably have to _______ an application form.
A. fill down B. fill in C. fill on D. fill through
14. And you'll need to give the names of two or three _______.
A. hostages B. judges C. referees D. umpires
15. All the members of our _______ are expected to work hard.
A. personal B. personnel C. staff D. gang
16. Some of my work is interesting, but a lot of it is just _______.
A. habit B. practice C. tradition D. routine
17. If you are paid monthly, rather than weekly, you receive _______.
A. revenue B. a reward C. a salary D. wages
18. The purpose of running a business is to make a _______.
A. service B. profit C. money D. contribution
19. The _______ were delivered to the warehouse by lorry.
A. data B. goods C. material D. stuff
20. Many young people travel all over the world and do all kinds of jobs before they _______.
A. lie down B. settle down C. touch down D. put down
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21. In Britain, people are usually unwilling to tell other people how much they _______.
A. earn B. obtain C. deserve D. gain
22. If you're a(n) _______ you have to do what your boss tells you.
A. director B. employee C. employer D. manager
23. You can earn more money by working _______.
A. extraordinary hours B. overhours
C. overtime D. supplementary hours
24. It's difficult these days for a young person to find a well-paid _______ job.
A. eternal B. reliable C. permanent D. stable
25. She was _______ after three years with the company.
A. advanced B. raised C. elevated D. promoted
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to Indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of
the following questions.
26. My work is challenging, of course, because it involves both a sales function and a technique function.
A. fascinating B. rewarding C. stimulating D. demanding
27. She's doing well so she was promoted last year. Now she’s in charge of a small team of four people.
A. controls B. supervises C. takes over D. rules
28. Somebody looks at the detailed specification for the installation and then another colleague researches the cost of
the labor and materials.
A. co-worker B. employee C. staff D. supervisor
29. I've been working here for over ten years now and I'm on first-name terms with everyone, even the CEO.
A. getting on B. happy
C. having an informal/friendly relationship D. satisfied
30. Jane used to be very excellent as a child and now she's the CEO of a big multi-national company. However, her
brother is a blue-collar worker in a small local factory.
A. mental B. low-paid C. manual D. regular
31. Employers usually look for candidates who have qualifications and relevant experience.
A. excellent B. rich C. appropriate D. extensive
32. I registered with some online employment agencies, and they found a vacancy almost immediately.
A. work B. an available job C. career D. place
33. Jacob was made redundant last month due to his company's downsizing policy. He's on a short-term contract with
a medium-sized company at the moment.
A. permanent B. temporary C. part-time D. full-time
34. When applying for a certain job, you'll be at an advantage if you have hands-on experience.
A. relevant B. prior C. practical D. considerable
35. When the factory closed, over a hundred people were made redundant.
A. fired B. sacked C. laid off D. appointed
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each
of the following questions.
36. Should you hire a full-time employee on a permanent contract?
A. long-term B. long-lasting C. temporary D. limited
37. If the candidates can perform well and impress the interviewers during the interview, they can be recruited.
A. taken on B. dismissed C. employed D. chosen
38. To become a librarian, you need to be really well-organized.
A. in order B. neat and tidy C. compassionate D. messy
39. What exactly are white-collar workers? They are people who work in offices and administrative positions.
A. manual B. intellectual C. official D. desk-job
40. Most, not to say all, of the employers want to look for candidates with punctuality, so make sure you make a
positive impression on them by showing up on time for the interview.
A. good time management B. ability to meet deadlines
C. being late D. being in time
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CONSOLIDATION:
1. Settle down:
2. Challenging =
3. In charge of:
4. On first-name terms with:
5. Blue-collar worker >< white-collar worker: ><
6. Hands-on =
7. Be made redundant =
8. Recruit ><

C. GRAMMAR: Reported Speech

I. ĐỊNH NGHĨA
Câu tường thuật là câu mà chúng ta sử dụng một động Câu trực tiếp (Direct speech):
từ phù hợp để thuật lại lời nói trực tiếp của ai đó. “I’m sorry. I didn’t do the homework”, Peter said to the
teacher.
Câu tường thuật (reported speech):
→ Peter apologized for not having done his homework.
II. PHÂN LOẠI
1. Câu trần thuật (Statements)
Ví dụ:
“I haven’t been to Thailand before”, Linda said.
→ Linda said (that) she hadn’t been to Thailand before.
Các thành phần biến đổi sang lời nói gián tiếp:
1.1. Thay đổi đại từ, tính từ sở hữu, đại từ chỉ định, cụm từ chỉ thời gian/nơi chốn.
Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật
(Direct speech) (Reported speech)
I She/ He
We They
Đại từ, Tính từ sở hữu You I/ He/ She/ We
(pronouns, adjective possessive) My His/ Her
Our Their
Your My/ His/ Her/ Our
today that day
now then/ immediately
yesterday the day before/ the previous day
Cụm từ chỉ thời gian .... ago .......... before
(time expressions) last week the week before/ the previous week
last month the month before/ the previous month
next year the following year
tomorrow the next day/ the following day
Cụm từ chỉ địa điểm (place) here there
Đại từ chỉ định (demonstrative) this these that those
1.2. Thì của động từ
Câu trực tiếp Câu tường thuật Ví dụ:
(Direct speech) (Reported speech)
Hiện tại đơn Quá khứ đơn “My wife always keeps up with the latest fashions”,
S + V(s,es) + O S + V(ed) + O Ross said.
→ Ross said that his wife always kept up with the
latest fashions.
Hiện tại tiếp diễn Quá khứ tiếp diễn Monica says: “It is raining cats and dogs.”
S + is/am/are + Ving + O S + was/were + Ving + O → Monica told me that it was raining cats and dog.
Quá khứ đơn Quá khứ hoàn thành “These photos captured some happy moments of your
S + V(ed) + O S + had + V(pp) + O wedding yesterday”, Lan said to me.
→ Lan told me that those photos had captured some
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happy moments of my wedding the day before.

Hiện tại hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành “I haven’t met Jimmy again since we graduated from
S + has/had + Ved + O S + had + V(pp) + O high school 2 years ago”, Kien said.
→ Kien told me that he hadn’t met Jimmy again since
they graduated from high school 2 years before.
Quá khứ hoàn thành Quá khứ hoàn thành “The film had already started before 1 came home”,
S + had + V(pp) + O S + had + V(pp) + O Lien said.
→ Lien told me that the film had already started
before she came home.
Quá khứ tiếp diễn Quá khứ hoàn thành “I noticed a job advertisement while I was walking
S + was/were + Ving + O tiếp diễn along the street”, Joey said.
S + had been + Ving + O → Joey said that he noticed a job advertisement while
he had been walking along the street.
Tương lai đơn Tương lai trong quá “Global warming will result in crop failures and
S + will + V + O khứ famine”, Scientists said.
S + would + V + O → Ross said that global warming would result in crop
failures and famine.
can could “I cannot lend you that expensive book now”, Bob
said.
→ Bob told me that he couldn’t lend me that
expensive book then.
may might “Species may become extinct for many different
reasons”, Dr. Chandler said.
→ Dr. Chandler said that species might become extinct
for many different reasons.
must had to “We must push the piano to the corner of the hall to
make room for our party tonight”, Lan Anh said.
→ Lan Anh said we had to push the piano to the
corner of the hall to make room for our party tonight.
Câu điều kiện loại 1 Câu điều kiện loại 2 “If you don’t hurry, you’ll miss the bus”, my dad said.
If + S + V(s,es) + O, S + If + S + V(ed) + O, S + → My dad said if I didn’t hurry, I would miss the bus.
will + V would + V + O
Câu điều kiện loại 0, 2, 3 Không thay đổi Jane said: “If I lost my job, I could be in trouble.”
→ Jane said that if she lost her job, she could be in
trouble.
2. Câu hỏi (Questions):
Ví dụ:
Sue: “Can you help me with my essay?”
→ Sue wanted to know whether I could help her with her essay.
Các loại câu hỏi:
Câu tường thuật
Loại câu hỏi
(Reported speech)
Wh - question S asked wh-question + S + Ví dụ:
(what, when, who, why, + asked sb V (áp dụng quy tắc “What are you looking at?”, she
where, how, how much, wondered lùi thì) asked me.
how many, how long, wanted to know → She asked me what I was
how old...) looking at.

Câu hỏi YES / NO S asked asked sb if + S + V (áp Ví dụ:

+ wondered whether dụng quy tắc “Are there any good restaurants
wanted to know lùi thì) around here?”, he asked me.
→ He asked me if there were any
good restaurants around there.

3. Các trường hợp khác

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3.1. Câu tường thuật dùng trong cấu trúc V + object + to-V
advise khuyên nhủ Ví dụ 1: Trích đề THPT QG 2011
allow cho phép “Mum, please don’t tell dad about
beg/ implore van xin my mistake”, the boy said.
command ra lệnh → The boy begged his mother not
encourage khuyến khích to tell his father about his mistake.
forbid ngăn cấm Ví dụ 2: Trích đề THPT QG 2014
instruct hướng dẫn “Send this urgent document
invite + sb + (not)to + V mời immediately!” the officer told the
order ra lệnh soldier.
permit cho phép → The officer ordered the soldier
remind nhắc nhở to deliver the urgent document
tell/ ask bảo /đề nghị instantly.
urge hối thúc
warn cảnh báo
want muốn
3.2. Câu tường thuật dùng trong câu trúc V + to-V
agree đồng ý làm gì Ví dụ 1: Trích đề TPHT QG 2011
claim quả quyết về điều gì “If you don’t pay the ransom, we’ll kill your boy,”
demand đòi hỏi làm gì the kidnappers told us.
offer đề nghị làm gì → The kidnappers threatened to kill our boy if we
promise hứa làm gì refused to pay the ransom.
refuse + to V từ chối làm gì Ví dụ 2: Trích đề THPT QG 2017
swear thề làm gì đó “We will not leave until we see the manager”, said
threaten đe dọa làm gì đó the customers.
→ The customers refused to leave until they saw
the manager.

3.3. Câu tường thuật dùng trong cấu trúc V-ing

accuse sb of buộc tội ai làm gì Ví dụ 1: Trích đề THPT QG 2011

apologise (to sb) for xin lỗi vì việc gì “You shouldn’t have leaked our
admit thừa nhận đã làm gì confidential report to the press,
blame sb for đổ lỗi cho ai về điều gì Frank!” said Jane.
congratulate on sb chúc mừng ai về việc gì → Jane criticized Frank for having
criticized sb for thú nhận là đã làm gì disclosed their confidential report to
V_ing/ having
complain to sb about phàn nàn với ai về the press.
P2
deny chối là đã làm gì Ví dụ 2: Trích đề THPT QG 2012
insist on khăng khăng, nài nỉ “We lost the last game because of the
suggest gợi ý làm gì referee”,
thank sb for cảm ơn ai vì điều gì → The team captain blamed the
warn sb against cảnh báo ai về điều gì referee for their loss in the last game.

3.4. Câu tường thuật dùng trong cấu trúc That + Mệnh đề
agree đồng ý rằng Ví dụ 1:
claim quả quyết rằng “I’ll tell your dad,”Said Henry.
complain phàn nàn rằng → Henry promised that he
deny phủ nhận rằng would tell my dad.
explain giải thích rằng Ví dụ 2:
+ that clause
inform thông báo với ai rằng “I didn’t lend you the coat,” said
promise hứa rằng Hang.
suggest gợi ý rằng → Hang denied that she hadn’t
explain to sb + how giải thích với ai việc gì lent me her coat.
diễn ra như thế nào
3.5. Tường thuật cho câu cảm thán:
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Dùng động từ thường exclaim (kêu lên, thốt lên): Ví dụ:

- “What a lovely dress!”
exclaim/ say that Clause → She exclaimed that the dress was lovely.
S+
give an exclamation of V_ing - “Wow!”
→ He gave an exclamation of surprise.
(Anh ta thốt lên kinh ngạc.)
III. LUYỆN TẬP: Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. The shop assistant finally agreed _______ a full refund.
A. giving me B. to give me C. give to me D. to me to give
2. Bill asked me why _______ to go shopping with me.
A. I hadn't invited him B. hadn't I invited him
C. I hadn't him invited D. hadn't I him invited
3. “Don't come to the interview late," my mom said.
A. My mom told me do not come to the interview late.
B. My mom told me did not come to the interview late.
C. My mom told me not to come to the interview late.
D. My mom told me not coming to the interview late.
4. "I will help you with your CV, Mary," Peter said.
A. Peter advised Mary to write the CV. B. Peter promised to help Mary with her CV.
C. Peter advised Mary not to write her CV. D. Peter wanted Mary to help with the CV.
5. "_______ " the doctor advised his patient.
A. You had better stop drinking B. You had better to drink
C. I would like you to drink D. Please drink some more
6. The woman said she _______ in this company for over 20 years.
A. has been working B. was working C. had been working D. works
7. US scientists claim that they _______ a new vaccine against malaria.
A. were developed B. have developed C. had developed D. was developing
8. If you saw a layer, he'd advise you _______ legal action.
A. take B. taking C. to take D. for taking
9. The lecturer recommended _______ a number of books before the exam.
A. reading B. to read C. we reading D. to have read
10. The boss _______ because he was always behind the deadlines.
A. threatened to dismiss him B. suggested him to dismiss
C. threatened him to dismiss D. promised him to dismiss
11. "Go ahead. Jump again," the instructor _______ .
A. urged B. promised C. demanded D. required
12. "_______ " Jim offered.
A. Can I get you a drink? B. May I drink? C. Do you want to drink? D. Could I drink?
13. "_______ " the workers refused.
A. We would like to work overtime B. We had better work overtime
C. We're afraid that we really don't want to work overtime D. We're willing to work overtime
14. "_______ " Paul reminded me.
A. Don't forget to tailor your CV to match the job descriptions B. I would tailor your CV if you do not mind
C. I remember to tailor the CV D. I remember tailoring your CV
15. Ellie asked Stan _______ to look at the new catalogue.
A. did he want B. do you want C. whether he wants D. if he wanted
16. Stephen _______ me he'd bought that suit in a sale.
A. said B. spoke C. told D. claimed
17. 'What did the man say when you challenged him?'
‘He said he _______ pay for the things in his bag, but I didn't believe him!'
A. is going to B. has been going to C. goes to D. was going to
18. When I last saw Carrie, she told me she _______ of applying for another job, but now she's changed her mind.
A. thought B. is thinking C. was thinking D. has been thinking
19. 'What did they say when they realized you weren't a shoplifter?'
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‘They apologized _______ me.'

A. to doubt B. they had doubted C. for doubting D. the doubt of
20. 'What did Maria ask you?' `She asked me _______ I had ever been abroad.'
A. that B. whether C. for D. about
21. It's about time Mrs Richards apologized to me _______ me a gossip in front of everybody.
A. to have called B. from calling C. that she called D. for having called
22. She may claim _______ a PhD but nobody's ever actually seen the certificate.
A. having B. to have C. for having D. if she has
23. Tammy responded _______ that at least she'd never lied to her parents.
A. to say B. that she said C. by saying D. with having said
24. The woman asked _______ get lunch at school.
A. can the children B. if the children can
C. whether the children could D. could the children
25. They said they had got back _______ .
A. the following day B. the day after tomorrow C. the next day D. the previous day
26. The accused denied _______ in the vicinity of the murder scene.
A. to have ever been B. have ever been C. having been ever D. ever having been
27. We complained _______ the manager _______ the poor service we received at the restaurant.
A. on — about B. at — for C. with — of D. to — about
28. Police are advising _______ away from the building.
A. people to stay B. people staying C. people stay D. people will stay 79.
29. The old man warned the young boys ______ in the deep river.
A. to swim B. not to swim
C. don't swim D. against not swimming
30. 'You must give me your essays,' Mrs. Vine said.
Mrs. Vine said we _______ give her our essays.
A. were having to. B. will have to C. had to D. would have to
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following
questions.
31. He complained with his friends about the terrible working condition at that factory.
A B C D
32. She refused to tell me what was the director's salary was because that information was confidential.
A B C D
33. You had better learning a foreign language before applying for a job.
A B C D
34. The applicant asked the head of human resources department to tell him
A B
what the skills he needed in order to get that job.
C D
35. My friend offered finding more information about the company that I was applying to.
A B C D
36. She asked me what the most important thing to remember at an interview is.
A B C D
37. The shop has volunteered that it will deliver the chairs by the end of the week.
A B C D
38. The old man warned the children to not swim in that river because it was very deep and dangerous.
A B C D
39. We were disappointed when the receptionist tells that the hotel was fully booked that week.
A B C D
40. Before the meeting finished, they arranged when they met next.
A B C D
D. VOCABULARY (extended):
I. STRUCTURES
STT Cấu trúc Nghĩa
1 Advise sb to do st Khuyên ai làm gì
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Advise doing st Khuyên làm gì

Advise sb not to do st = advise sb against doing st Cảnh báo ai không nên làm gì
2 Apply for st Nộp đơn để giành, đạt cái gì (học bổng, việc làm...)
Apply to st Đăng kí vào, ứng dụng, áp dụng
Apply to do st Ứng tuyển làm gì
Apply oneself to a task Chuyên tâm vào nhiệm vụ; hết lòng hết sức làm nhiệm
vụ
Apply one’s mind to st Chú ý vào việc gì
3 Ask / tell sb to do st Bảo ai làm gì
4 Be enrolled in Ghi danh vào
5 Be good / bad at st / doing st Giỏi / kém cái gì
6 Be in charge of Chịu trách nhiệm, quản lí
7 Be on first-name terms with = having an informal / Có mối quan hệ thân thiết với ai
friendly relationship
8 Be qualified for st Đủ trình độ cho cái gì
9 Be shortlisted for st Được đưa vào danh sách gì
10 Be suitable for st Phù hợp cho cái gì
11 Be well-prepared for st Chuẩn bị tốt cho cái gì
12 Be willing to do st sẵn lòng làm gì
13 Blue-collar workers Lao động chân tay
White-collar workers Lao động trí óc, nhân viên bàn giây
14 Complain to sb about st Phàn nàn với ai về vân đề gì
15 Curriculum vitae - CV Sơ yếu lí lịch
16 Encourage sb to do st Khuyến khích ai làm gì
17 Focus on st = concentrate on st Tập trung vào cái gì
18 Get a feel for st - begin to understand how to do st Bắt đầu biết cách làm gì
well
19 Go through Trải qua
20 Invite sb to do st Mời ai làm gì
21 Make a profit Sinh lời
22 Make an application Làm đơn
Make a request Yêu cầu, đòi hỏi
23 Make redundant = lay off Sa thải, cho thôi việc
24 Manage to do st Cố gắng xoay sở để làm gì
25 Offer to do st Đề nghị làm gì giúp
26 Office hours Giờ hành chính
27 Put st in order of importance Xếp cái gì theo thứ tự quan trọng
28 Refuse to do st Từ chối làm gì
29 Relevance to Liên quan đến
30 Specialize in st Chuyên về cái gì
31 Start up Khởi nghiệp
32 Study for a degree Học để lấy bằng

II. PRACTICE EXERCISES

1. I’ve _______ a new job with the local newspaper.
A. applied for B. applied from C. applied on D. applied
2. You’d rather focus _______ what the world is happening, wouldn’t you?
A. on B. to C. over D. through
3. I’d advise _______ your tickets well in advance if you want to travel in August.
A. buy B. you buying C. to buy D. buying
4. Jim offered _______ dinner because I wasn’t feeling very well.
A. cook B. to cook C. be cooking D. cooked
5. She will need to be well _______ for the task ahead.
A. interested B. satisfied C. concerned D. prepared
10 E12_Handout_Unit 8

6. I was so shocked to hear that my story was _______ for the fiction award!
A. screened B. tested C. shortlisted D. listed
7. He is well qualified _______ the job, but he does lack personality.
A. to B. by C. for D. with
8. I am sending you my _______ vitae so that you will have a chance to study it before our interview.
A. curriculum B. program C. syllabus D. national
9. I think she will be _______ for the work because she has been working as a teacher for a long time.
A. suitably B. suitable C. suit D. suited
10. You must _______ an application to the Minister for Immigration for any and all permits to remain within the
state beyond the standard allowance of 90 days.
A. show B. keep C. make D. turn
11. You’d think his children would be more sympathetic towards him after all he’s gone _______
A. through B. in C. from D. for
12. Marcel asked me _______ sing that song.
A. not to B. not C. to not D. Ø
13. Thank you for inviting me _______ dinner.
A. to have B. have C. having D. had
14. The teacher encouraged Nam _______ harder.
A. to work B. he should work C. that he work D. working
15. He refused _______ the contract because he would have to relinquish creative control of the project.
A. signing B. being signed C. to be signed D. to sign
16. We complained _______ the manager _______ the poor service we received at the restaurant.
A. on - about B. at - for C. with - of D. to - about
17. The referrals are usually sorted by a team leader, _______ in order of importance, and allocated to social workers.
A. put B. change C. carry D. believe
18. She hired a lawyer who specializes _______ divorce cases.
A. on B. in C. over D. off
19. He’s a talented boy. He is _______ every subject at school.
A. good at B. interested C. watching D. good
20. She studied _______ a degree in engineering.
A. in B. through C. for D. by
21. By the time Ms. Valspar retires as president of Movene Technologies, she _______ to increase the company’s
market share significantly.
A. manages B. will have managed
C. managed D. has been managing
22. Each of the teachers is willing _______ attend the meeting at the weekend.
A. to B. about C. from D. upon
23. Most of the _______ companies spend a relatively high percentage of their budgets on advertising costs.
A. follow up B. turn up C. start up D. break up
24. The company said it had _______ a profit of about £1.4bn on the deal.
A. made B. did C. gave D. carried
25. He is _______ a charge _______ theft.
A. for - of B. in - of C. on - with D. with - in
26. On first _______ terms with one another to feel young again!
A. fame B. nationality C. country D. name
27. The _______ collar workers received a rise, but the workers on the shop-door were told they had to wait.
A. blue B. black C. grey D. white
28. Their phone lines are only open during office _______
A. minutes B. second C. hours D. days
29. If you continue to turn in abysmal work like this, we’ll have no choice but to _______ you off.
A. lay B. sack C. cut D. see
30. Students’ interest is more likely to be maintained if they can see the relevance of their studies _______ their future
careers?
A. with B. for C. to D. in
31. Only one hundred people enrolled _______ the family planning program.
11 E12_Handout_Unit 8

A. in B. by C. over D. next
32. I practiced for a few hours before I really _______ a feel for the best way to do it.
A. turned B. said C. got D. cared
E. READING (extended):
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
A MORE COMMERCIAL TUNE
Roger Press, 40, has changed his career. After spending five years (1) ______ a concert pianist he has gone into
business, recently (2) ______ up his own company.
"After leaving university I decided to (3) ______ myself to a career in music. I loved performing but it was very hard
(4) ______. I played at concerts in Europe and America, made recordings and got good (5) _____. But after a while I
felt I had gone as (6) _____ as I could. Unless you are one of the world's top pianists, it's difficult to earn a good (7)
and I wasn't one of the greatest.
When (8)_____ up my performing career, people around me were more sad and disappointed than I was. But I felt
free and (9) _____ I knew I was getting serious about life. After getting a (10)_____ in business administration I
joined the recording company EMI and started their classical video division, producing programs about famous artists.
A year ago, I left EMI and formed a new company, New Media System, which (11) _____ in multimedia programs.
Now that I run my own business. I'm in control of my life and I feel proud of my achievements. Although the stress is
high and I work (12) _____ hours, the stress involved in piano playing was much worse. It took physical, emotional
and mental skills. I prefer the pressures I live with now.
1. A. like B. working C. how D. as
2. A. giving B. setting C. forming D. bringing
3. A. devote B. take C. assign D. employ
4. A. job B. effort C. work D. career
5. A. reviews B. critics C. reports D. praise
6. A. soon B. often C. far D. much
7. A. life B. living C. money D. payment
8. A. took B. brought C. gave D. put
9. A. lastly B. at last C. at the end D. lately
10. A. qualification B. title C. graduate D. grade
11. A. specializes B. focuses C. concentrates D. dedicates
12. A. overtime B. large C. long D. bonus
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
LINDA GREENLAW: SWORDFISH FISHERMAN
1 Not only does Linda Greenlaw do one of the most dangerous jobs in the world, but also does it extremely well.
2 She has been described as 'one of the best captains on the entire East Coast' and that, in one of the leading
3 countries in the fishing industry, is praise indeed.
4 Linda was born and brought up on Isle au Haut, a tiny island ten kilometers off the coast of Maine, USA. She fell
5 in love with fishing as a child, and she worked on fishing boats during her summer breaks from college.
6 Her first opportunity to go on a deep-sea fishing trip came when she was nineteen. Alden Leeman, a man she'd
7 never met before, hired her for thirty days on his sword-fishing boat. The trip was a success and eventually Alden
8 offered Linda her first boat to captain in 1986, which probably made her the only woman ever to captain a
9 sword-fishing boat.
10 So, why did she take up swordfishing in the first place? Linda says that not only does she like the way she feels
11 on a boat, but she also gets passionate about catching a fish. More than anything, she's proud of being a
12 fisherman, even more so than she is of being a best-selling author.
13 Linda has published four books to date, the first of which, The Hungry Ocean, was top of the New York
14 bestseller list for three months. In it, Linda tells the story of one fishing trip and narrates the adventures she
15 experienced on board with her five-man crew, including bad weather, sickness, mechanical problems and, of
16 course, the fish.
17 But the world of fish and fishing is a man's world and it's not easy to find a word to describe Linda Greenlaw. In
18 her own words, she says: ‘I am a woman. I am a fisherman. I am not a "fisherwoman", "fisherlady", or
19 "fishergirl".'
13. Linda is ______.
12 E12_Handout_Unit 8

A. American B. British C. Canadian D. Greek

14. Her first deep-sea fishing trip was ______.
A. when she was thirty B. when she was a child
C. before she was twenty D. in 1986
15. Linda took up swordfishing because______.
A. she needed to earn some money B. she wanted to become a best-selling author
C. all her family are fishermen D. she loves boats and catching fish
16. On the boat described in The Hungry Ocean, _____ .
A. there were five people B. there were six people
C. there were four people D. there were three people
17. Linda prefers to be described as ______.
A. a fisherwoman B. a fisherlady C. a fisherman D. a fishergirl
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
questions.
A WRITER'S LIFE: G P TAYLOR
1 J. K. Rowiing may be responsible for the revival of fantasy fiction. But her contemporary rivals, many of whom
2 have benefited from her success, seem reluctant to give her credit for starting a trend. Philip Pullman, for
3 example, points out that Northern Lights, the first volume in his trilogy His Dark Materials, was published a year
4 before Harry Potter's adventures began. So it comes as a surprise when G P Taylor concedes that he only wrote a
5 novel because of the enormous popularity of Harry Potter.
6 Taylor is the Yorkshire vicar who sold his motorbike to self-publish 2,000 copies of his first novel,
7 Shadowmancer, a book that was subsequently picked up by publishers Faber & Faber and got to number one in
8 the New York Times bestseller list. His novels conjure up dark, chilling worlds in which the supernatural
9 threatens to take over, yet he describes his life as a writer in flatly functional terms. For example, he is able to
10 name the exact day that he became a novelist: March 21, 2002. 'It was one of those seminal moments in my life.
11 Harry Potter was becoming very popular. And I thought, "This woman's written a book. I might write one."
12 I got a copy of Harry Potter, counted the number of words that were on the page, measured the width of the
13 margin, counted the number of chapters in the book, how many pages were in the book and set my computer
14 screen up so that it would have 468 words on the page. My chapters were the same length as the Harry Potter
15 chapters; I thought, "This must be how you write the book."
16 The Harry Potter formula has its faults, of course. Stephen King was once asked what he thought of Rowling's
17 novels. Were they 'thought-provoking'? King thought not. But did that matter, he wondered, in a 'fantasy-
18 adventure aimed primarily at children and published in the heart of the summer vacation'? His conclusion was
19 unequivocal: ‘Of course not. What kids on summer vacation want — and probably deserve — is simple,
20 uncomplicated fun,'
21 Shadowmancer is a simple and uncomplicated fantasy — and Taylor, who is his own most effective critic, makes
22 few further claims for the novel. 'It's a great story, but if I'd written it now, it would be a completely different
23 book. In many ways, it's a clumsy classic. There are a lot of things in there that I would get rid of. And yet, I
24 think that's the big attraction. It's because it's an incredible adventure story, written by a non-writer, just a
25 storyteller.
26 Taylor returns to this distinction between writing and storytelling a number of times, distancing himself from
27 grand and lofty ideas of the novelist's purpose. He describes himself as a 'fairly uneducated, council-house kid'
28 who ran away to London as a teenager, 'a bit of a chancer, with ideas above his station'. He read Dickens, lots of
29 Orwell - 'they were trendy books to read' — and Kerouac. But he is uncomfortable talking at any length about
30 favorite novels or influences beyond Rowling: 'I have not read all that many books. I'm not, you know, a very
31 literate person.'
32 Taylor was a rock-music promoter in his twenties and remains a showman, happiest in front of a crowd. He
33 describes the talks he gives in schools and at book festivals, dressed up as a sea captain or as an 18th-century
34 highwayman in a long black coat. 'You're using your face, you're using. your body, you're acting out what you're
35 doing.' The business of putting his thoughts in writing can be problematic in comparison. As a storyteller, in
36 order to demonstrate shock or alarm to an audience he will 'pause between sentences and showed a wide-eyed,
37 staring face. But to describe that in English…’
38 This impatience with the limitation of language can be a positive asset: in Tersia, Taylor's new fantasy, the speed
39 of the narrative and the scale of the events that overwhelm the characters mean there is no time for the story to
40 get bogged down. That said, it is unusual to hear a writer speak in such a dismissive way of his craft.
13 E12_Handout_Unit 8

41 Shadowmancer has been taken on by Universal Pictures, and Taylor does nothing to hide the fact that he thinks
42 'the movie's more exciting than the book'.
14. The writer says that many fantasy fiction writers would not agree that ______ .
A. they have copies their ideas from J. K. Rowling
B. J. K. Rowling's success has contributed to their own
C. Fantasy fiction will remain fashionable for many years
D. J. K. Rowling is a writer of fantasy fiction in the true sense
15. The writer is surprised by______.
A. the success of Taylor's books B. the short time Taylor has been a writer
C. the number of books Taylor has published D. Taylor's reasons for writing his first book
16. What aspect of the Harry Potter books does Taylor admit to imitating?
A. the writing style B. the storylines
C. the layout D. the cover design
17. What does that in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. the Harry Potter formula B. the novels' target audience
C. the timing of the novels' publication D. the novels' failure to make people think
18. What does Taylor say about Shadowmancer?
A. He is aware of its limitations. B. He did not write all of it himself.
C. He is going to write a revised edition. D. It does not deserve the praise it receives.
19. What opinion does Taylor have of himself?
A. He is very proud of his achievement as a writer.
B. He thinks he is a better writer than J. K. Rowling.
C. He does not regard himself as a serious novelist.
D. He feels he deserves greater recognition.
20. What do we learn about the talks Taylor gives?
A. He enjoys them more than being a promoter. B. He couldn't do them without dressing up.
C. He finds them easier than writing. D. He likes shocking people.
21. What does the writer mean by there is no time for the story to get bogged down (the last paragraph)?
A. The story moves on too quickly. B. The plot is never prevented from developing.
C. Emotions are not dealt with in sufficient detail. D. The story is not always as exciting as it could be.
F. EXTRA LESSONS (vocabulary & reading):
I. VOCABULARY
Từ
STT Từ vựng Phiên âm Nghĩa
loại
1 Accentuate v /əkˈsentʃueɪt/ nhấn mạnh
2 Acquiesce v /ækwiˈes/ bằng lòng
3 Actuarial a /æktʃuˈeəriəl/ thuộc tính toán bảo hiểm
4 Administrator n /ədˈmɪnɪstreɪtər/ người quản lí
5 Ambassador n /æmˈbæsədər/ đại sứ
6 Amply adv /'æmpəli/ một cách dư dả
Analyst n /ˈænəlɪst/ nhà phân tích
7 Analytical a /ˌænəˈlɪtɪkəl/ thuộc phân tích
Analysis n /əˈnæləsɪs/ sự phân tích
8 Anthropologist n /ˌænθrəˈpɒlədʒɪst/ nhà nhân loại học
9 Archaeologist n /ˌɑːkiˈɒlədʒɪst/ nhà khảo cổ học
10 Bankruptcy n /ˈbæŋkrʌptsi/ sự phá sản
11 Bilingual a /ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ song ngữ
12 Blissfully adv /ˈblɪsfəli/ một cách hạnh phúc, sung sướng
13 Conscience n /ˈkɒnʃəns/ lương tâm
Cutback n /'kʌtbæk/ sự cắt giảm
Breakdown n /ˈbreɪkdaʊn/ sự hỏng hóc
14
Layout n /'leɪaʊt/ bản mẫu
Drop-back n /’drɒpbæk/ sự bỏ lại, sự tụt lại
15 Decorously adv /'dekərəsli/ một cách lịch thiệp
14 E12_Handout_Unit 8

16 Demographics n /ˌdeməˈɡræfɪks/ số liệu thống kê dân số

17 Diligence n /'dɪlɪdʒəns/ sự chăm chỉ
18 Disengage v /ˌdɪsɪŋˈɡeɪdʒ/ tách rời
19 Dismissal n /dɪ'smɪsəl/ sự sa thải
20 Ecstatically adv /ɪk'stætɪkli/ một cách ngây ngất, mê ly
Employment n /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ việc làm, sự thuê
Employ v /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ thuê mướn
21 Employee n /ɪmˈplɔɪi:/ nhân công, người làm công
Employer n /ɪmˈplɔɪər/ ông chủ
Employable a /ɪmˈplɔɪəbəl/ có thể thuê được
22 Experimentation n /ɪkˌsperɪmenˈteɪʃn/ sự thí nghiệm
23 Ferociously adv /fəˈrəʊʃəsli/ một cách hung tợn
24 Gloomy a /'glu:mi/ u ám, ảm đạm
25 Idleness n /'aɪdəlnɪs/ sự lười biếng, lười nhác
26 Incompetence n /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtəns/ sự thiếu khả năng
27 Indolence n /ˈɪndələns/ sự lười biếng
28 Interim a /ˈɪntərɪm/ lâm thời
29 Intimately adv /ˈɪntɪmətli/ một cách thân mật
30 Intriguingly adv /ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋli/ một cách ngấm ngầm
31 Jubilantly adv /ˈdʒuːbɪləntli/ một cách vui vẻ, hân hoan
32 Legitimate a /lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət/ hợp pháp
33 Meteorologist n /ˌmiːtiəˈrɒlədʒɪst/ nhà khí tượng học
34 Meticulously adv /məˈtɪkjələsli/ một cách tỉ mỉ, kĩ càng
35 Multilingual a /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ đa ngữ
36 Negligence n /ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/ tính cẩu thả
37 Notably adv /ˈnəʊtəbli/ đáng kể, đáng chú ý
38 Occupation n /ˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn/ công việc
39 Philanthropist n /fɪˈlænθrəpɪst/ người nhân đức
40 Provisional a /prəˈvɪʒənəl/ tạm thời
41 Punctuality n /ˌpʌŋktʃuˈæləti/ sự đúng giờ
42 Recruiter n /rɪˈkruːtər/ nhà tuyển dụng
43 Requisite n /ˈrekwɪzɪt/ điều kiện tất yểu
44 Revenue n /ˈrevənjuː/ thu nhập
Salary n /'sæləri/ lương
Wage n /weɪdʒ/ lương (theo giờ)
45
Bonus n /'bəʊnəs/ thưởng
Pension n /'penʃən/ lương hưu
46 Scenario n /səˈnɑːriəʊ/ viễn cảnh
47 Segment n /'segmənt/ đoạn, khúc
48 Spokesperson n /'spəʊksmən/ người phát ngôn
49 Substantially adv /səbˈstænʃəli/ về thực chất, về căn bản
50 Superficially adv /ˌsuːpəˈfɪʃəli/ một cách hời hợt nông cạn, thiển cận
51 Tactfully adv /'tæktfəli/ một cách khéo léo trong cư xử, lịch thiệp
52 Trainee n /ˌtreɪˈniː/ thực tập sinh
Undersized a /ˌʌndəˈsaɪzd/ chưa đủ kích thước, dưới cỡ tiêu chuẩn, còi cọc
Overused a /ˌəʊvəˈjuːz/ lạm dụng
53
Overstaffed a /ˌəʊvəˈstɑːft/ thừa nhân viên
Undercharged a /ˌʌndəˈtʃɑːdʒ/ định giá thấp
54 Upheaval n /ʌpˈhiːvl/ sự biến động
Upsurge n /ˈʌpsɜːdʒ/ sự đột ngột tăng
Upshot n /ˈʌpʃɒt/ kết cục, kết luận
55
Upkeep n /ˈʌpkiːp/ sự bảo dưỡng
Uproar n /ˈʌprɔːr/ sự ồn ào, om xòm
15 E12_Handout_Unit 8

II. STRUCTURES
STT Cấu trúc Nghĩa
1 Adhere to = conform to = abide by = comply with: tuân theo
2 At any rate bất luận thế nào
3 Be made redundant trở nên thừa thãi
4 Be on probation trong thời gian tập sự, quản chế
5 Beaver away = slave away làm quần quật
không biết và không muốn biết về những điều
6 Blissfully ignorant
gì không vui, không tốt đẹp
7 Breach of contract sự vi phạm hợp đồng
By no means không đời nào, không có nghĩa lý gì
8
By all means bằng bất cứ giá nào
9 Fair and square công bằng và thẳng thắn
10 Fit the bill phù hợp
11 For hours on end (liên tục) nhiều giờ, hàng giờ liền
12 Get a feel for hiểu rõ điều gì
13 Hand in one’s notice từ bỏ
Here and there đó đây
Step by step từng bước một
14
Now and then thỉnh thoảng
All in all nói chung, nhìn chung
15 Hit the hay/sack đi ngủ
16 In lieu (of) = instead (of) thay vì
Ins and outs chi tiết và tính phức tạp của điều gì
17
By and large nhìn chung
18 Jump ship thay đổi công việc
Kick off bắt đầu, khởi động
Knock off ngừng làm việc
19
Wind down thư giãn, thả lỏng
Knuckle down nỗ lực, cố gắng hết sức
Lay up ốm liệt giường/sự dự trữ, để dành
20
Lay off sa thải, từ bỏ
21 Look on the bright side lạc quan
22 Odds and ends: đầu thừa đuôi thẹo, vật linh tinh, không cần thiết
Parental leave = time that a parent is allowed to spend away from work to take care of his or her
23
baby: khoảng thời gian mà ông bố/bà mẹ được phép nghỉ làm để chăm con
24 Peace and quiet yên bình
25 Ponder on/upon/over st trầm tư suy nghĩ về điều gì
26 Press ahead with st tiếp tục làm gì
27 Pros and cons những ưu điểm và bất lợi của việc gì đó
28 Stand a good chance of doing st: có cơ hội để thành công trong việc làm gì
29 Take a risk liều lĩnh, mạo hiếm
30 Take one's hat off ngả mũ, tôn trọng
31 To a great extent ở một mức độ lớn hơn
32 Ups and downs thăng trầm
Wear off mất tác dụng, ảnh hưởng
Wear out dùng nhiều đến khi nó hỏng, bị mòn
33
Wear on (thời gian) trôi rất chậm
Wear down làm hư mòn, hao hụt, kiệt sức
34 Work against the clock làm việc không ngừng nghỉ
III. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary
stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. advertisement B. probation C. competitive D. relevant
16 E12_Handout_Unit 8

Question 2: A. qualification B. university C. opportunity D. undergraduate

Question 3: A. rewarding B. fascinating C. tedious D. challenging
Question 4: A. encourage B. permanent C. graduate D. organize
Question 5: A. workforce B. high-flyer C. handshake D. headhunt
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 6: A. advertisement B. applicant C. candidate D. management
Question 7: A. apprenticeship B. importance C. specialize D. office
Question 8: A. teacher B. experience C. cashier D. interview
Question 9: A. shortlist B. temporary C. afford D. accordingly
Question 10: A. pension B. commission C. passion D. decision

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11: People applying for a job in actuarial firms must have __________ skills, which involve the ability to
gather information, solve complex problems and make decisions.
A. analysts B. analytical C. analysis D. analyzing
Question 12: A large proportion of employees from all demographics claimed to be__________ with strict rules and
poor working conditions of their companies.
A. dissatisfied B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. unsatisfactory
Question 13: In America, a worker can take a __________ leave to take care of his or her baby.
A. parental B. parenting C. parenthood D. parentage
Question 14: Many corporations and __________ are now making use of state-of-the-art (tiên tiến) artificial
intelligence and automatic __________ in lieu of the human labor force.
A. entrepreneurs - applicants B. enterprising - applicable
C. entrepreneurial - appliances D. enterprises - applications
Question 15: __________is a person who studies processes in the earth's atmosphere that cause particular weather
conditions.
A. Anthropologist B. Archaeologist C. Meteorologist D. Philanthropist
Question 16: Having revealed confidential documents to an agency’s competitor, Mr. Gordon would definitely be
sued for __________ of contract.
A. crack B. breach C. rupture D. fracture
Question 17: The Headquarter of this multinational organization is currently __________, which means some people
will have to be made redundant.
A. undersized B. overused C. overstaffed D. undercharged
Question 18: The managers said I'd would be on __________ for the first two or three weeks as they wanted to find
out if a trainee were able to complete all the given tasks under intense pressure.
A. testing B. inspection
C. probation D. experimentation
Question 19: Although her boss gives quite obvious a hint of dismissing Nancy for her incompetence, she is still
__________ ignorant of the fact that she is about to face up to a gloomy scenario of unemployment.
A. jubilantly B. ecstatically C. blissfully D. decorously
Question 20: So__________ does Jin carry out his work that he hardly makes any mistakes.
A. superficially B. substantially C. meticulously D. tactfully
Question 21: The newly developed software has been __________ successful as it takes far less time for a
receptionist to process orders than the conventional method.
A. regularly B. markedly C. permissibly D. intimately
Question 22: Thanks to the executive director's scheme of choosing a famous singer as a brand ambassador, the
revenue of his company has __________ increased and is estimated to exceed $10 billion dollars in 2019.
A. intriguingly B. widely C. amply D. considerably
Question 23: __________candidates seem to make a deep impression on the recruiter and therefore, stand a good
chance of succeeding in a job interview.
A. Self-conscious B. Self-confident C. Self-centered D. Self-evident
Question 24: According to the chairman's spokesperson, further __________ in the marketing division are to be
expected.
A. cutbacks B. breakdowns C. layouts D. drop-backs
17 E12_Handout_Unit 8

Question 25: You have to be utterly __________ in order to succeed in this competitive job.
A. kind-hearted B. near-sighted C. single-minded D. hot-blooded
Question 26: The __________ of the two unused plantations proved such a financial burden that the manager was
forced to sell one.
A. upsurge B. upshot C. upkeep D. uproar
Question 27: At the height of the financial crisis, Daniel's start-up went through such a difficult period that he had no
choice but to __________ his staff.
A. lay up B. take on C. take down D. lay off
Question 28: Jennie usually __________ work at about half past six so she's home by 7 pm most nights.
A. kicks off B. knocks off C. winds down D. knuckles down
th
Question 29: In the 18 century, workers liked wearing jeans because this material was strong and did not
__________ easily.
A. wear off B. wear out C. wear on D. wear down
Question 30: As she took a week off to go on a holiday in Korea, she will have to__________ the hours and complete
all of the remaining work tomorrow.
A. make up B. find up C. catch up D. bring up
Question 31: Despite Shawn's high working productivity as an accountant, his future career promotion is __________
certain.
A. by no means B. to a great extent C. at any rate D. by all means
Question 32: __________, all employees in my company are efficient and have good problem-solving skills.
A. Fair and square B. Ins and outs C. Odds and ends D. By and large
Question 33: You need to weigh up the __________ of working in this enterprise before accepting this job offer.
A. fish and chips B. ups and downs
C. pros and cons D. peace and quiet
Question 34: To achieve the best quality of the products, each must be manufactured __________ by well-qualified
workers and experts.
A. here and there B. step by step C. now and then D. all in all
Question 35: Government saw no sign of decrease in the number of graduates who were out of __________. In fact,
the unemployment rate increased to about 2.19% in the first quarter of 2019.
A. career B. job C. work D. occupation
Question 36: Too many people work in the public __________ in this country, in my opinion.
A. area B. division C. sector D. zone
Question 37: After a short __________ of being unemployed, I decided to take a risk and set up my own business.
A. phase B. spell C. span D. session
Question 38: Maria will only be working here for a couple of weeks. She is a(n) __________ worker.
A. provisional B. conditional C. interim D. temporary
Question 39:1 don’t know how an office worker can sit in front of a computer for hours __________ end.
A. for B. by C. at D. on
Question 40: Unless they acquiesce __________ the loan policies of the bank, their company will be on the verge of
bankruptcy.
A. in B. about C. for D. with
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 41: His idleness and lack of concentration were the main causes for his dismissal.
A. indolence B. diligence C. negligence D. conscience
Question 42: I only applied for this business with a view to accumulating first-hand experience.
A. attaining B. gaining C. penetrating D. accomplishing
Question 43: A training period of six months is mandatory for everyone who wants to become official receptionists
of this five-star hotel.
A. advisory B. voluntary C. optional D. compulsory
Question 44: Owing to superior labor efficiency and accuracy many factories prefer modern robots to blue-collar
workers.
A. related to people whose work uniforms are blue
B. related to people who work in rural areas
C. related to people whose work mainly needs strength and physical skills
18 E12_Handout_Unit 8

D. related to people whose work mainly requires mental efforts

Question 45: In the latest meeting, the chairman accentuated the importance of providing a professional as well as
friendly working environment for all of his employees.
A. revealed B. highlighted C. disclosed D. de-emphasized
Question 46: If the business does well, I'll hopefully be able to take on a part-time assistant in the spring.
A. retain B. utilize C. employ D. sack
Question 47: My fingers are tired! I've been beavering away at this keyboard for hours.
A. giving away B. diving in C. slaving away D. putting in
Question 48: Charlie's going to leave early this afternoon, but she says she'll make up for the lost hour's tomorrow.
A. exploit B. utilize C. refund D. compensate
Question 49: He didn't set out to be a millionaire. He just wanted to run a successful business.
A. aim at B. search for C. think of D. ponder on
Question 50: I am not sure if I'm doing it right, but I'll try to press ahead with this plan anyway.
A. prolong B. abandon C. continue D. remain
Question 51: My work is challenging, of course, because it involves both a sales function and a technique function.
A. fascinating B. rewarding C. stimulating D. demanding
Question 52: The atmosphere at work was so bad that Brian eventually decided to hand in his notice.
A. notify the boss B. apply for another job
C. give up his job D. be given a better job
Question 53: We want to recruit the brightest and the best. If you think you fit the bill; fill in an application form
today.
A. are able to pay the bill B. are suitable
C. are of the right size D. are excellent
Question 54: I've been working here for over ten years now and I’m on first-name terms with everyone, even the
CEO.
A. getting on B. happy C. satisfied D. having an informal/friendly relationship
Question 55: Whether you recently lost your job or are ready to jump ship from your current one, the chances of
your getting a new position through the ads is next to nil.
A. leave an organization for another B. change from a form to another
C. convert from one system to another D. turn from this state to another
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 56: With strong financial capacity and excellent leaders, Vingroup is one of the most prestigious property
investors in 2017.
A. renowned B. famed C. ordinary D. distinguished
Question 57: In some countries, employers have no legitimate rights to directly dismiss their employees.
A. invalid B. illegal C. improper D. lawful
Question 58: Scientists proved that choosing a career for money will make you less efficient, happy and more selfish.
A. incapable B. ineffective C. proficient D. productive
Question 59: Failure to adhere to the terms set out in the signed labor contract results in your dismissal.
A. conform to B. abide by C. defy D. comply with
Question 60: Lack of accredited qualifications can be a major obstacle to finding a job.
A. impediment B. impetus C. adversity D. assistance
Question 61: Teachers nowadays are up to their ears in administration and don't have enough time and motivation
for teaching.
A. busy B. free C. hectic D. occupied
Question 62: Katy always looks on the bright side even though she can only eke out a small living as a waitress for
her family.
A. optimistic B. pessimistic C. sanguine D. doubtful
Question 63: We have to work against the clock so as to meet the deadline of the clients tomorrow.
A. work in a haste B. work slowly
C. work as fast as possible D. work strenuously
Question 64: I take my hat off to one of my colleagues, Justin, who seem to be indefatigable (không biết mệt mỏi)
and can work all night without sleeping a wink.
A. adulate B. venerate C. praise D. disrespect
19 E12_Handout_Unit 8

Question 65: John: “I think we have done enough work today. I'm feeling tired now".
Alice: "Let's call it a day and hit the hay!”
A. stay awake B. go to sleep C. take a bath D. eat something
Question 66: If the candidates can perform well and impress the interviewers during the interview, they can be
recruited.
A. taken on B. dismissed C. employed D. chosen
Question 67: Most, not to say all of the employers want to look for candidates with punctuality, so make sure you
make a positive impression on them by showing up on time for the interview.
A. good time management B. ability to meet deadlines
C. being late D. being in time
Question 68: With so many breakthroughs in robotic science and technology, much manual work will soon be taken
over by robots.
A. intellectual work B. physical work C. monotonous work D. dull work
Question 69: I'd go mad if I had to do a dead-end job like working on a supermarket checkout.
A. boring B. monotonous C. fascinating D. demanding
Question 70: One of the best ways to understand what a job is like, is to do it. Work experience is a great way to get a
feel for what a job is all about.
A. to have an understanding about B. to touch with one's own hands
C. to have the faintest idea about D. to do something on purpose
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word
or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 71 to 75.
The bad news in the June jobs numbers, released Friday, is also the good news. The unemployment rate rose to 4
percent last month, from 3.8 percent, which in many contexts would be reason to worry (71)__________a softening
economy. But the details of this particular jump in the jobless rate actually imply good things for the economy.
The labor force rose by 601,000 people last month, driving the proportion of the civilian adult population that is
either working or looking for work up by 0.2 percentage points, to 62.9 percent. The unemployment rate rose because
not all of the people looking for work found it immediately. That suggested they were ready and willing to (72)
__________ the jobs that employers have kept creating at a healthy rate - an additional 213,000 positions in June
alone. The month-to-month swings in the size of the labor force can be large because of (73) __________error. So this
may prove to be a random blip that is erased as more data become available.
But taken at face value, it's a sign that the hot job market is succeeding at pulling people off the sidelines and into
the work force. It's easy to imagine people (74) __________have become disengaged from the work force who, in this
tightening job market, are more likely than they were a few years ago to see help wanted signs everywhere, (75)
__________ to have friends and acquaintances urge them to start working.
(Adapted from https://www.nytimes.com/)
Question 71: A. in B. about C. off D. with
Question 72: A. fill B. form C. apply D. interview
Question 73: A. statistics B. status C. statistic D. statistical
Question 74: A. where B. who C. which D. why
Question 75: A. for B. and C. but D. or
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions from 76 to 83.
1 Translators and interpreters for tech jobs of the future are expected to be one of the fastest growing occupations
2 in the nation, according to a just released survey by Vietnamworks. Almost all positions for programmers,
3 application developers, database and network administrators, engineers, designers, architects, scientists,
4 technicians, and tech support will require bilingual or multilingual fluency.
5 In just the last two years the demand for tech professionals with foreign language skills has increased more than
6 two and one-half fold, said the survey, and the uptick shows no signs of abating anytime soon. Roughly 400,000
7 jobs are expected to open for interpreters (who focus on spoken language) and translators (who focus on written
8 language) in the tech segment, between 2017 and 2020, says Tran Anh Tuan. Tuan, who works for the Centre for
9 Forecasting Manpower Needs and Labour Market Information in Ho Chi Minh City doesn't include other
10 industries in his prediction, which are also recruiting ferociously for more people with these same language
11 skills.
12 While that claim might seem a bit overblown (and amounts to little more than a guess by Tuan), it is clear that
13 innovative technologies like robotics, 3D printing, drones, artificial intelligence and virtual reality will create
20 E12_Handout_Unit 8

14 major upheavals in all sorts of labour markets, not just technology over the next few years. In the last month
15 alone, most every job posted on employment websites throughout Vietnam included the word bilingual. Far
16 higher salaries go to people who work in high tech positions and can speak a foreign language such as English in
17 addition to Vietnamese, says Tran Quang Anh from the Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology.
18 Unfortunately, the surveys show that most graduating Vietnamese students are unable to do more than
19 understand a few basic phrases of foreign languages, and practically none of them can speak any foreign
20 language coherently. The good paying jobs with high salaries and benefits are only available to translators and
21 interpreters who specialize in high tech jobs, says Anh. But it's not just English - graduates are needed with
22 fluency in middle eastern languages like Arabic, Farsi and Pashto (Afghani) as well as German, Japanese and
23 Korean to name just a few. Spanish is also in high demand in Vietnam, primarily because it is the second most
24 common language in the US after English.
25 A recent tech expo in Hanoi sponsored by Vietnamworks and the Navigos Group attracted nearly 4,000 young
26 tech graduates and recruiters from 14 leading companies looking to fill job vacancies with skilled bilingual
27 workers. The job applicants were young and industrious, said the recruiters. However, missing were candidates
28 with the requisite language skills and most lacked basic 'soft skills' such as written and verbal communication
29 abilities to effectively communicate even in their native Vietnamese language.
30 Notably, the recruiters said they considered language abilities and soft skills just as, if not more important, than
31 academic ability. Yet virtually all the prospective academically qualified employees lacked even the most basic
32 of interpersonal communication abilities.
(Source: http://english.vov.vn/)

Question 76: Which of the following could be the main idea of the passage?
A. The most popular jobs in Vietnam's job markets.
B. The necessity of foreign languages in most tech jobs.
C. The skills needed in tech jobs nowadays.
D. Vietnamese students are not aware of the importance of learning foreign languages.
Question 77: According to the passage, interpreters and translators are described as the jobs that __________.
A. are decreasing dramatically in the number of employees.
B. there are not enough employees for technology companies to recruit.
C. the requirements have risen considerably and steadily.
D. are expected to experience a downward trend in the near future.
Question 78: The word “upheavals" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to__________
A. neutral B. skeptical C. supportive D. sensitive
Question 79: Which of the following is TRUE about employment in Vietnam according to Tran Quang Anh from the
Posts and Telecommunications Institute of Technology?
A. People whose major in foreign languages is high tech often earn high salaries.
B. The demand of interpreters and translators in the workforce is not as much as what people believe.
C. Not only technology but also other jobs are putting more pressure on language skills.
D. Foreign languages in Vietnam are only needed in the posts on websites.
Question 80: What does the word "them" in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. foreign languages B. a few basic phrases
C. Vietnamese students D. the surveys
Question 81: The word "requisite" in paragraph 5 could best be replaced by__________
A. shortage B. necessity C. specification D. measurement
Question 82: What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Academic ability is much more important than foreign languages and soft skills.
B. To get a good job nowadays, applicants must know more than a language and be good at other soft skills.
C. Written and verbal communication abilities determine the opportunity of applicants to get a desirable job.
D. Translators and interpreters are suitable for any position in the work markets.
Question 83: Which of the following most accurately reflects the attitude of the author towards improving foreign
language skills?
A. neutral B. skeptical C. supportive D. sensitive