UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD 1

Unit
SOURCES OF ENERGY
10

WEEK 1

A THEORY: LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE

❶ PRONUNCIATION
Stress in three syllable words (Trọng âm của từ có 3 âm tiết)
1. Quy tắc nhấn trọng âm của động từ có 3 âm tiết
Quy tắc 1: Nếu âm tiết cuối của động từ có kết thúc bằng hơn một phụ âm, thì âm tiết
đó được nhận trọng âm hay nói cách khác trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3.
Words Transcription Meaning
recommend /rekəˈmend/ giới thiệu, đề nghị
understand /ʌndəˈstænd/ hiểu
contradict /kɒntrəˈdɪkt/ mâu thuẫn
interact /ɪntərˈækt/ tương tác
Quy tắc 2: Nếu âm tiết cuối của từ gồm nguyên âm ngắn và kết thúc với không quá một
phụ âm, thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2.
Words Transcription Meaning
discover /dɪˈskʌvər/ khám phá
develop /dɪˈveləp/ phát triển
examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ kiểm tra
establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ thành lập

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 Chú ý:

Ngoài ra các em chú ý trường hợp cụ thể khi âm tiết cuối của từ kết thúc bằng “-ate/ -fy” thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đầu ti

2. Quy tắc nhấn trọng âm của danh từ có 3 âm tiết

Quy tắc 1: Nếu âm tiết cuối chứa 1 nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên âm
dài hoặc nguyên âm đôi thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2.
Words Transcription Meaning
banana /bəˈnɑːnə/ quả chuối
disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə/ thảm họa
accountant /əˈkaʊntənt/ kế toán
repayment /rɪˈpeɪmənt/ sự trả lại
Quy tắc 2: Nếu âm tiết cuối chứa nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 cũng chứa nguyên
âm ngắn thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đầu tiên.
Words Transcription Meaning
agency /ˈeɪdʒənsi/ cơ quan
company /ˈkʌmpəni/ công ty
Germany /ˈdʒɜːməni/ nước Đức
family /ˈfæməli/ gia đình

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 Chú ý 1:

Danh từ có tận cùng bằng một trong các đuôi “-ion/ -ian” thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2.

Chú ý 2:

Danh từ có kết thúc bằng đuôi “-ee/ -eer/ -ese” trọng âm rơi vào chính âm tiết đó.

3. Quy tắc nhấn trọng âm của tính từ có 3 âm tiết

Quy tắc 1: Nếu âm tiết cuối chứa 1 nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên âm
dài hoặc nguyên âm đôi thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2.
Words Transcription Meaning
enormous /ɪˈnɔːməs/ to lớn
annoying /əˈnɔɪɪŋ/ khó chịu
Quy tắc 2: Nếu âm tiết cuối chứa nguyên âm ngắn và âm tiết thứ 2 cũng chứa nguyên
âm ngắn thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đầu tiên.
Words Transcription Meaning
dangerous /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ nguy hiểm
humorous /ˈhjuːmərəs/ hài hước

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

❷ VOCABULARY
ENGLISH TYPE PRONUNCIATION VIETNAMESE
energy n /ˈenədʒi/ năng lượng
source n /sɔːs/ nguồn
biogas n /ˈbaɪəʊɡæs/ khí sinh học
coal n /kəʊl/ than đá
fossil fuel n /ˈfɒsl ˈfjuːəl/ nhiên liệu hóa thạch
electricity n /ɪlekˈtrɪsəti/ điện
natural gas n /ˈnætʃrəl gæs/ khí ga thiên nhiên
nuclear adj /ˈnjuːkliə(r)/ thuộc về hạt nhân
solar adj /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ thuộc về mặt trời
renewable adj /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ có thể tái tạo
non-renewable adj /nɒn-rɪˈnjuːəbl/ không thể tái tạo
bulb n /bʌlb/ bóng đèn
carbon footprint n /ˈkɑːbən ˈfʊtprɪnt/ dấu chân các bon (dùng để đo
lường những hoạt động xả thải
khí các bon vào môi trường)
consumption n /kənˈsʌmpʃn/ sự tiêu dùng
dam n /dæm/ đập nước
turbine n /ˈtɜːbaɪn/ tua bin
solar panel n /ˈsəʊlə(r) ˈpænl/ tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời
shortage n /ˈʃɔːtɪdʒ/ sự thiếu hụt
slogan n /ˈsləʊɡən/ khẩu hiệu
abundant adj /əˈbʌndənt/ thừa, nhiều
alternative adj /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ thay thế
dangerous adj /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/ nguy hiểm
exhausted adj /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ mệt lả
harmful adj /ˈhɑːmfl/ có hại

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 limited adj /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ hạn chế
plentiful adj /ˈplentɪfl/ đầy, nhiều
polluted adj /pəˈluːtɪd/ ô nhiễm
generate v /ˈdʒenəreɪt/ tạo ra, khởi tạo
invest v /ɪnˈvest/ đầu tư
install v /ɪnˈstɔːl/ cài đặt, thiết lập
pollute v /pəˈluːt/ làm ô nhiễm
replace v /rɪˈpleɪs/ thay thế
use up v /juːz ʌp/ sử dụng hết

❸ GRAMMAR

1. Future continuous
a. Form

(+) S + will be + V-ing

(-) S + won’t be + V-ing
(?) Will + S + be + V-ing

b. Usage
Thì tương lai tiếp diễn được sử dụng để diễn tả hành động sẽ đang xảy ra tại một thời
điểm xác định trong tương lai.
Ví dụ:
She will be having a piano lesson at this time tomorrow.
Cô ấy sẽ đang học piano vào thời điểm này ngày mai.
At 6 a.m. next weekend I will be walking on the beach.
Vào 6 giờ sáng ngày cuối tuần tới tôi sẽ đang đi dạo trên bãi biển.
My father will be working in the factory at 3 p.m. tomorrow.
Ngày mai lúc 3 giờ chiều bố tôi sẽ (đang) làm việc ở nhà máy.

2. Future simple in passive (Thì tương lai đơn dạng bị động)

a. Form

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 (+) S + will be + V3
(-) S + won’t be + V3
(?) Will + S + be + V3

b. Usage
Thì tương lai đơn (future simple) được sử dụng để diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra
trong tương lai. Thì tương lai đơn dạng bị động cũng được sử dụng tương tự, chỉ khác
một điều là hành động được thể hiện ở dạng bị động.
Ví dụ:
Robots will be used much more in the future.
Người máy sẽ được sử dụng nhiều trong tương lai.
Her physics homework will be done tomorrow morning.
Bài tập về nhà môn vật lý của cô ấy sẽ được làm vào sáng mai.
B PRACTICE
Exercise 1: Choose the word that has different syllable stress position.
1. A. domestic B. investment C. substantial D. fascinate
2. A. confident B. influence C. management D. remember
3. A. optimist B. distribute C. terrorist D. contrary
4. A. government B. destruction C. contribute D. depression
5. A. institute B. consumption C. specific D. encounter
6. A. tableland B. apparent C. atmosphere D. applicant
7. A. vulnerable B. satellite C. eleven D. element
8. A. arrival B. technical C. proposal D. approval
9. A. empire B. employer C. conductor D. transistor
10. A. celebrate B. fascinating C. survive D. elephant
Exercise 2: Divide the words into two columns.
habitat maintenance contractual summary marvelous
attractive develop penalty different sociable
following generate significant conical sacrifice
romantic appearance departure expression argument
counterpart physical ceremony permanent important

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 traditional refusal demanding
recognize . industry reference
decisive dynamic
Stress on the 1st syllable
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
................................. .................................
conservative
cultural
enjoyable
Stress on the 2nd syllable
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
dependent
cooperate
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................
.................................

Exercise 3: Put the words under the correct pictures.

Hydroelectric Air pollution Water pollution
Solar energy Soil pollution Wind energy

1. ....................................................... 2. .......................................................

3. ....................................................... 4. .......................................................

5. ....................................................... 6. .......................................................

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

Exercise 4: Choose the best option to fill in the blank.
1. When you save energy, you not only save money, you also reduce the demand
for ................. such as coal, oil, and natural gas and that is a great way to play a part in
saving the planet.
A. carbon footprint B. electricity
C. fossil fuels D. biogas
2. In India, the demand for ................. has always been more than the supply.
A. shortage B. sources C. slogan D. electricity
3. ................. energy is produced by collecting sunlight and converting it into electricity.
A. Hydro B. Nuclear C. Solar D. Wind
4. There are many available ................. power sources in Vietnam including sun, wind,
water, etc.
A. nuclear B. hydro C. renewable D. solar
5. Laos and Cambodia have big plans for building up to 11 .......... on the lower Mekong.
A. dams B. slogans C. energy D. coals
6. ................. can be an excellent source of free, renewable energy for poor farmers.
A. Turbine B. Biogas C. Solar panel D. Bulb
7. The government has warned that Britain will face power ................. in the coming
winters.
A. coal B. shortages C. slogans D. energy
8. Wind power is one of the earliest ................. sources of energy used by humankind.
A. alternative B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted
9. Nobody can predict exactly when supplies of fossil fuels will be ................. However, we
all know they quickly reduce in quantity.
A. installed B. polluted C. harmful D. exhausted
10. Biogas can be used to ................. natural gas in cooking, heating, or electrical
generation.
A. use up B. replace C. pollute D. install
11. Solar energy can be used for ................. electricity, and for hot water heating.
A. investing B. polluting C. generating D. installing
12. The non-renewable sources of energy that we are using are ................. and are bound to
expire one day.
A. limited B. plentiful C. abundant D. alternative

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

Exercise 5: Do the crosswords.
1 R E C Y C L E
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

1. You should r_ _ _ _ _ _ things like paper, jeans, leftover, etc. instead of throwing them
away.
2. He should t_ _ _ off the faucet while brushing his teeth.
3. Currently there are a lot of e_ _ _ _ _ _ from deforestation such as storm, flood.
4. It is a w_ _ _ _ when you leave the light on in an empty room.
5. If water continues to be wasted, there will be a s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ of it in the future.
6. Solar p_ _ _ _ is placed in the roof of house.
7. Noise p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is a serious problem because there are lots of vehicle in the roads
today.
8. We use wind t_ _ _ _ _ _ to convert wind power into electricity.
Exercise 6: Rewrite the sentences using future simple form or future
continuous form. Number 1 is an example for you.
1. Don’t call me at 10 o’clock. I am going to fly to Spain.
Don’t call me at 10 o’clock. I will be flying to Spain.
2. I suppose we’re going to stay at a hotel next summer.
.......................................................................................................................................
3. Come to see me in the afternoon. I work in the garden.
.......................................................................................................................................
4. Do you think it is snowing at the weekend?
.......................................................................................................................................

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 5. Is the coat OK? - Yes, I am taking it.
.......................................................................................................................................
6. This time on Sunday we are going to ski in France.
.......................................................................................................................................
7. I don’t know if I will stay here. Perhaps I move to a big city one day.
.......................................................................................................................................
8. Every student is using a computer in the near future.
.......................................................................................................................................
9. She is bringing you a cup of tea soon.
.......................................................................................................................................
10. Are you coming here tomorrow?
.......................................................................................................................................
Exercise 7: Choose the best option to complete the sentence.
1. Shall I say hello to Sharon? I ................. to her today.
A. write B. be writing C. will be writing

2. Can I help you? I ................. you that blouse.

A. will be showing B. will show C. won’t show
3. Good Lord! The engine has stopped. - No problem. Bill ................. a look at it.
A. is having B. will have C. will be having
4. Why don’t you have dinner with us? I ................. anyway.
A. will be cooking B. am cooking C. cook
5. This time next week we ................. round the Aegean Sea.
A. sail B. will be sailing C. will sail
6. If you take three cassettes, you ................. one cassette free.
A. are going to get B. are getting C. will get
7. I ................. my work before they arrive.
A. will be finishing B. finish C. will finish
8. By the end of this century everyone ................. English.
A. will be speaking B. is going to speak C. speaks
9. I am busy tonight ................. me take care of my little Tom?
A. Will you help B. Will you be helping C. Are you help

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 10. Mr. Smith ................. us French tomorrow as our French teacher is sick.
A. will be taught B. will be teaching C. teach
Exercise 8: Give the verbs in brackets in simple continuous tense.
1. This time next year I (live) ........................... in London.
2. At 8 p.m tonight I (eat) ........................... dinner with my family.
3. They (run) ........................... for about four hours. Marathons are incredibly difficult!
4. Unfortunately, I (work) ........................... on my essay so / won’t be able to watch the
match.
5. She (study) ........................... at the library tonight.
6. (you/wait) ........................... at the station when she arrives?
7. I (drink) ........................... at the pub while you are taking your exam!
8. (she/visit) ........................... her Grandmother again this week?
9. At 3 p.m. I (watch) ........................... that movie on channel four.
10. (they/attend) ........................... your concert next Friday? It would be lovely to see them.
11. They are staying at the hotel in London. At this time tomorrow, they
(travel) ........................... in Vietnam.
12. When they (come) .......................... tomorrow, we (swim) .......................... in the sea.
13. My parents (visit) ........................... Europe at this time next week
14. Daisy (sit) ........................... on the plane at 9 am tomorrow.
15. At 8 o’clock this evening my friends and I (watch) ........................... a famous film at the
cinema.
16. She (play) ........................... with her son at 7 o’clock tonight.
17. He (work) ........................... at this moment tomorrow.
18. They (make) ........................... their presentation at this time tomorrow morning.
19. My father (do) ........................... housework at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
20. We (wait) ........................... here when you come back.
Exercise 9: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets.
1. The New Year (not start) ........................... on 31 December.
2. I’ll be sleeping in the afternoon. I (not do) ........................... housework.
3. We’ll be in beds. We (not drive) ........................... to Nice when the sun rises.
4. I forgot to tell her. But I (call) ........................... her now. It’s too late.
5. My best friend will still be in Sydney tonight. He (not return) ........................... to
England.

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 6. You can’t meet me at the supermarket. I (not shop) ......................... in the afternoon.
7. Is Bill at school? - No, he isn’t. I suppose he (come) ...........................
8. I can’t stand Simon. I hope he (not be) ........................... there.
9. We (not pack) ........................... our luggage this time tomorrow. We’ll already be on the
way.
10. lf you are careful, the cars (not knock) ........................... you down.
Exercise 10: Change into passive voice: Future Simple. (1)
1. They will take a picture of the building.
.......................................................................................................................................
2. They will charge the man with attempted murder.
.......................................................................................................................................
3. Both parties will sign the contract.
.......................................................................................................................................
4. They will serve dinner in a minute.
.......................................................................................................................................
5. They will not attend the meeting.
.......................................................................................................................................
6. He will not accept our proposal.
.......................................................................................................................................
7. He will not write another book so soon.
.......................................................................................................................................
8. They will not refund the money.
.......................................................................................................................................
9. Will they open the restaurant again?
.......................................................................................................................................
10. Will they build a new bridge?
.......................................................................................................................................
Exercise 11: Change into passive voice: Future Simple. (2)
1. People will drink a great deal of tea in Vietnam in the future.
.......................................................................................................................................
2. Tom will be writing two poems at this time next week.
.......................................................................................................................................

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 3. She will take her dog for a walk tomorrow.
.......................................................................................................................................
4. A group of students will be meeting their friends at 2 p.m. today.
.......................................................................................................................................
5. They will not allow Tom to take these books home.
.......................................................................................................................................
6. The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow.
.......................................................................................................................................
7. How many trees will they cut down to build that fence?
.......................................................................................................................................
8. They will be having someone repair their car at 8 a.m. tomorrow.
.......................................................................................................................................
9. He will not repair my bike because he hates me.
.......................................................................................................................................
10. How many lessons will you learn next month?
.......................................................................................................................................
Exercise 12: Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets: simple future or near
future?
1. I love London. I (probably/ go) ............................... there next year.
2. What (wear/ you) ............................... at the party tonight?
3. I haven’t made up my mind yet. But I think I (find) ............................... something nice in
my mum’s wardrobe.
4. I completely forget about this. Give me a moment, I (do) ...............................
5. Tonight, I (stay) ............................... home. I’ve rented a video.
6. I feel dreadful. I (be) ............................... sick.
7. If you have any problems, I (help) ............................... you.
8. The weather forecast says it (not/ rain) ............................... tomorrow.
9. I promise that I (not/ come) ............................... late.
10. Look at those clouds. It (rain) ............................... now.
11. I have bought two tickets. My wife and I ............................... (see) a movie tonight.
12. Mary thinks Peter ............................... (get) the job.
13. A: “I .............................. (move) from my house tomorrow. I have packed everything”
B: “I ............................... (come) and help you.”

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 14. If I have enough money, I ............................... (buy) a new car.
15. I ............................... (be) there at four o’clock, I promise.

WEEK 2

Exercise 1: Listen and complete the text. (Track 19)

Hello students. Today I’d like to tell you some information about types and sources of
energy. Energy is classified into two main groups: renewable and (1) .......................
The energy from natural sources such as the sun, (2) ......................., and rain is called
renewable energy. They are (3) ....................... and can be generated again and again. They
also have low (4) ....................... so they are considered green and environment-friendly.
Moreover, using renewable energy can reduce your (5) ....................... costs. Unfortunately,
solar energy can be only used during the (6) ....................... but not during night or the
(7) .......................
Non-renewable energy is the energy taken from other sources that are available on
earth. They are (8) ........................ and will run out in the future. They can’t be re-generated
in a short time. Fossil fuels - natural gas, oil and coal - are examples of them. They are
(9) ........................ and easy to use. However, when burnt, they release toxic gases in the air
so they cause serious environmental changes such as (10) ........................ And the important
thing is that non-renewable sources will expire someday.
Exercise 2: Listen and decide if each statement is true or false or not given.
(Track 20)
No Statements
T/F/NG
.
1. Our earth stores the sun’s energy in their earth surface.
2. Some fossil fuels are coal, oil and wind energy.
3. Fossil fuels can be used to produce electricity.
4. Electricity is needed for many activities.
5. By 2013, people use about 80 percent of fossil fuels in the world.
6. One day, when people use up all fossil fuels, they will die because
there is no alternative energy.

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 7. Renewable energy will be used up one day.
8. Solar energy and wind energy are two types of alternative energy.

Exercise 3: Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

1. What are they? 2. What kind of pollution is it?

....................................................... .......................................................

3. Is it soil pollution? 4. What is this turbine used for?

....................................................... .......................................................

5. Is this non-renewable energy or renewable one? 6. Is it polluting the air?

....................................................... .......................................................

7. What kind of pollution is it? 8. What can energy be used for?

....................................................... .......................................................

Exercise 4: Match the questions with the answers.

No. Questions Opt. Answers

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 1. What is another name of alternative a. Solar energy, wind energy and hydro
energy? power.
2. What are some types of fossil fuels? b. No, it does not.
3. What are some types of alternative c. The environment will be much
energy? polluted and fossil fuels will be used
up.
4. How can we convert solar power d. It is renewable energy.
into electricity?
5. What is the disadvantage of nuclear e. We use wind turbine.
power?
6. Does wind energy cause pollution? f. It is dangerous.
7. How can we convert wind power g. Coal, oil and natural gas.
into electricity?
8. What will happen with fossil fuels h. We use solar panels.
sources if we continue to use them?

Exercise 5: Read and write T (true)/ F (false) for each statement.

The sun is our nearest star, and all of our energy comes from it. The sun sends out very
large amounts of energy every day. We call this energy solar energy or radiant energy.
Without the sun, life on earth would not exist because our planet would be totally frozen.
We use this solar energy in many different ways. The sunlight lets us see and warms us.
Plants use the light from the sun to grow. They store it as chemical energy. The energy is
stored in their roots, fruits, and leaves. This energy feeds every living thing on the earth.
When humans and animals eat plants, and the food made from plants, we store the energy
in our bodies, in our muscles and in our brain cells.
We use this energy for everything we do. We use energy when we sing a song, think a
thought, tell a joke, climb a ladder, make a pizza, or run a race. Everything needs energy!
No. Statements T F
1. The sun is the farthest star from our planet.  
2. The sun send out a very large amounts of energy every day.  
3. Life on earth would exist if there were no sun.  
4. Chemical energy is stored in their roots, fruits, and leaves.  
5. Chemical energy feeds every unliving thing on the earth.  

UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 6. Both human and animals eat plants.  
7. We store energy in our bodies, in our muscles and in our brain cells.  
We use energy to sing a song, think a thought, tell a joke, climb a  
8.
ladder, make a pizza, or run a race.

Exercise 6: Read and answer the questions.

Solar power is energy from the sun. The sun has been producing energy for billions of
years, but it is only in the recent past years that this energy is collected and changed into
heat and electricity.
The energy from the rays of the sun is called solar radiation. The energy from the sun
has given power to all living things through photosynthesis. Photosynthesis takes place
when plants use the sun’s energy to make its own food, and then of course, all other living
organisms eat the plants or animals receiving that energy indirectly from the sun.
However, collecting solar power to create electricity and heat is not easy as. Today, the
sun’s energy is converted to thermal energy, which can be used to heat water for homes,
swimming pools, greenhouses, and other buildings.
Solar energy is changed into electricity in two ways. Solar panels change sunlight into
electricity. These panels collect, use and distribute the energy from the Sun. This type of
collection is also used to inside part of batteries or calculators, but mainly used for power
single homes or large power plants.
1. What is solar power?
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2. When have the sun energy been collected and used?
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3. When does photosynthesis occur?
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4. Is it easy to collect solar energy to create electricity?
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5. What is the sun’s energy converted to?
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6. What can thermal energy do?
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7. How many ways for solar power to change into electricity?
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UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD

 8. What is used to change sunlight into electricity?
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Exercise 7: List some advantages and disadvantages of solar power.
Advantages of solar power Disadvantages of solar power
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Exercise 8: Write a short paragraph to talk about solar power. The ideas in
exercise 7 are suggested for you.
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UNIT 9: FESTIVALS AROUND THE WORLD