The Role of Educational Philosophy As The Foundati

THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AS THE FOUNDATION FOR TEACHER
STRENGTHENING IN SCHOOLS
Fadhilah Khairani1, Tuti Handayani2, Darwin Effendi 3, Yenny Puspita4

1,2,3,4
Pascasarjana Universitas PGRI Palembang
E-mail: 1rcipao@gmail.com, 2handayanituti1207.th@gmail.com, 3darwinpasca2010@gmail.com,

4
yenny_puspitaa@yahoo.com
Accepted : ABSTRACT
Education is one of the most important things in life, where there is a process
10 April 2023
of seeking information so that those who initially don't know become familiar
Published :
with it, and those who don't understand become familiar with it. To educate
10 July 2023 people and make them knowledgeable, humans known as teachers or
Corresponding Author: educators are needed. This study uses the library research method, which aims
Tuti Handayani to collect information relevant to the problem or topic being studied. The
Email Corresponding : information obtained comes from research reports, scientific books, scientific
handayanituti1207.th@gmail.com
essays, theses and dissertations, statutes, regulations, yearbooks,
encyclopedias, and other written sources, both printed and from other
electronic sources. Overall, the authors can conclude that philosophy plays an
important role as a basis for strengthening teaching in schools. Educational
philosophy can provide guidance to teachers in carrying out their roles and
obligations as educators who are encouraged and imitated in teaching and
learning activities in schools, especially in the classroom.
___________________________
Keywords: philosophy, foundation, teaching reinforcement, teacher
1. INTRODUCTION Lastly, axiology is the subfield of philosophy

The emergence of education in Indonesia that discusses the nature of values as well as
marks the beginning of the expansion of both what is and is not appropriate behavior and
knowledge and scientific understanding in the what should be accomplished..
country. Ontology, epistemology, and axiology
Philosophy is an essential part of the
are three key fields of philosophy that play a
process of interpreting the findings of many
significant role in comprehending and
branches of research or knowledge, and it
interpreting both science and knowledge.
plays an important role in assisting individuals
Axiology is the study of the ends to which we
in better comprehending the nature of things
should direct our attention. The study of
and the world in which they live. Individuals
ontology focuses on the characteristics of
can develop a more in-depth comprehension of
existence, including the essence of objects and
how science operates, how information is
what makes up reality. On the other hand,
obtained, and how values are incorporated into
epistemology is concerned with the numerous
scientific inquiry if they devote some of their
methods by which one can acquire knowledge
time to studying the philosophy of science.In
as well as the nature of knowledge itself.
addition, philosophy plays a significant role in
Fadhilah Khairani1, Tuti Handayani2, Darwin Effendi 3, Yenny Puspita4 227
Vol 6, No 2 (2023): ESTEEM
the area of science since it teaches scientists reality, as well as the techniques and methods
and researchers how to critically assess their used to study it, as well as the principles and
findings and how to question assumptions that ethics that govern scientific inquiry. There are
could lead to incorrect conclusions. This various phenomena that can be noticed in the
makes philosophy an important part of the treatment, attitudes, and behaviors of people in
field of science. They are able to evaluate their today's society, all of which are also
scientific discoveries and hypotheses via researched in the discipline of philosophy. For
philosophical inquiry, putting them to the test example, in the field of education, it is the
in comparison to previously established responsibility of teachers to instruct their
theories and ideas. They will be able to verify students while they are present in the
that their study is rigorous, accurate, and classroom. This has a very tight connection to
reliable by following this procedure. the scientific philosophy that is inherently
present in all people in some form or another.
Philosophy also helps scientists and
Teachers have a responsibility to their students
researchers build appealing arguments and
to deliver the highest quality education that
defend their views with logical reasoning, both
they are capable of in order to cultivate the
of which are vital talents for their line of work
nation's future generations by teaching them
and can be gained through the study of
knowledge, ethics, and values.
philosophy. If students use philosophical
concepts like deductive and inductive Philosophy has the potential to provide
reasoning, they will be able to construct a educators with a rock-solid basis, enabling
sound basis for their arguments and come up them to generate fantastic ideas and construct
with convincing evidence to back up their high-quality educational experiences that
assertions. Furthermore, science not only contribute to the growth of their students'
addresses the nature (ontology) of knowledge personalities. When teachers incorporate
but also how (epistemology) this knowledge philosophical ideas into their teaching
can be changed into knowledge with real- practices and then employ those practices in
world applications (axiology) (Suedi, 2016:25). their classrooms, they are able to build
In other words, ontology is the study of the effective instructional strategies that not only
origin of knowledge, while epistemology is the impart knowledge to their students but also
study of how knowledge is acquired. instill in them ethical ideals and virtues. This is
because these strategies are built on the
The three pillars around which science is
foundation of philosophical principles.
built are extremely helpful in pointing
researchers in the right direction as they For instance, teachers who take the time to
investigate how science itself may be improved. instruct their pupils on the fundamentals of
These foundations provide a framework that axiology have the opportunity to instill in their
scientists can use to investigate the nature of pupils the values of empathy, respect, and

tolerance. These are the kinds of characteristics wisdom but to actively seek and acquire it
that are required in order to thrive in a culture through inquiry, reflection, and critical
that has a great deal of cultural variety. By thinking. This is what distinguishes a
incorporating epistemological principles such philosopher as a seeker or pursuer of wisdom.
as critical thinking and problem-solving According to Muliadi (2020), philosophy
abilities into their teachings, teachers can is the mother of all sciences. He contributed
better train their students to manage the and played a role as the mother who gave birth
complex concerns and obstacles that they will to and helped develop science so that science
confront in the real world. could live and develop. Philosophy provides a
foundation for science to be accountable for its
As a result, with the title "The Role of
knowledge, as it demands that every step be
Educational Philosophy as a Foundation for
subject to questioning and objections that can
Strengthening Teaching to Teachers in
be defended through rational arguments based
Schools," the author wishes to discuss in depth
on objective evidence. This means that the
the philosophy of science in relation to
scientific community must be transparent in
education.
their research and accountable for their
2. LITERATURE REVIEW conclusions, so that the knowledge produced is
A. Definition of Philosophy reliable and can be trusted.
The origin of the word "philosophy" can Furthermore, philosophy guides scientists
be traced back to its roots in the Arabic and in formulating hypotheses and theories,
Greek languages. The Arabic word designing experiments, and interpreting the
"philosophie" has its equivalent in the Greek results of their research. By applying
word "philosophia." The word "philosophia" is philosophical concepts such as logic,
derived from the two Greek words "philein" epistemology, and metaphysics, scientists can
and "sophia." "Philein" means "love," while ensure that their work is grounded in a rigorous
"sophia" means "wisdom." Therefore, the and systematic framework that is both rational
etymology of "philosophia" means "love of and verifiable. In this way, philosophy helps
wisdom" or "lover of wisdom." science maintain its integrity and credibility
However, this literal translation of while also facilitating the discovery of new
"philosophia" as "love of wisdom" does not knowledge and insights about the natural world.
fully capture the active pursuit and acquisition The definition of philosophy was also put
of wisdom that characterize the true nature of forward by Lubis (2015), who said that,
philosophy. Achmadi (2001) argued that the philosophy encompasses a range of technical
word "love" in this context suggests a passive disciplines, such as logic, aesthetics, ethics,
appreciation for wisdom rather than an active metaphysics, and epistemology. Logic is
pursuit and acquisition of it. Therefore, the true concerned with the principles of reasoning and
essence of philosophy is not merely to love correct thinking, while aesthetics is concerned

with the nature of beauty and artistic significance of faith and spirituality in shaping
experience. Ethics, on the other hand, deals one's personality. It emphasizes the importance
with questions of morality and how we should of cultivating a sense of purpose and direction
live our lives. Metaphysics is concerned with in life through spiritual and moral values.
the nature of reality and the fundamental Additionally, self-control is an essential
principles that govern the universe. attribute that individuals must develop to make
Finally, epistemology is concerned with informed decisions and act responsibly. This
knowledge and how we acquire it, as well as quality helps individuals maintain discipline
the criteria we use to determine what counts as and resist impulses that can lead to harmful
knowledge. Taken together, these different consequences.
disciplines constitute the broad field of Furthermore, personality development is a
philosophy, which seeks to explore the most critical aspect of education. It is essential to
fundamental questions about the nature of help individuals become well-rounded and
existence, the human condition, and the world confident in their interactions with others.
around us. Developing intelligence, both academic and
From some of the definitions above, it can emotional, is also vital for education. This
be concluded that philosophy is a science that development enables individuals to think
studies the search for meanings and proves critically, solve problems, and empathize with
their truth based on human life experience. others. By honing these skills, individuals can
B. The Meaning of Education navigate the complex challenges of life and
The definition of education according to achieve success.
SISDIKNAS Law No. 20 of 2003 emphasizes The concept of noble character refers to
that education is a conscious and planned the development of values such as honesty,
effort. This means that education should not integrity, and compassion. These values help
happen by chance but rather be intentional and individuals become responsible and caring
well thought out. The goal of education is to members of society. They help individuals lead
create a learning atmosphere and process that ethical and moral lives, build positive
enable students to actively develop their relationships with others, and contribute to the
potential. The potential being developed here well-being of society as a whole.
includes religious and spiritual strength, self- Lastly, the development of skills is crucial
control, personality, intelligence, noble in preparing individuals for the workforce and
character, and the skills needed for themselves enabling them to contribute meaningfully to
and society. society. By acquiring various skills,
The definition of education encompasses individuals can pursue their interests and
various aspects that are crucial for an achieve success in their chosen fields. In
individual's overall development. The mention summary, the definition of education covers a
of religious and spiritual strength highlights the wide range of areas that are essential for an

individual's holistic development, including and culture. Education and culture exist
spiritual and moral values, self-control, together and promote each other (Rahman BP,
personality development, intelligence, noble et al.: 2022). Education in Indonesia is not only
character, and skill development. aimed at providing knowledge and skills to
Overall, the definition of education students but also plays a crucial role in shaping
according to SISDIKNAS Law No. 20 of 2003 their character.
highlights the holistic nature of education, It is essential that education in Indonesia is
encompassing not just academic knowledge based on the principles of Pancasila, the
but also personal and spiritual development, philosophical foundation of the Indonesian
character building, and skill development. It nation, and the 1945 Constitution, the country's
emphasizes that education is not just about fundamental law. The role of a teacher in
imparting knowledge but also about creating a Indonesian education is particularly crucial, as
nurturing environment that enables individuals teachers play a significant role in educating
to realize their full potential and become and teaching students in Indonesia. Teachers
productive members of society. are responsible for imparting knowledge,
In addition, according to Nurkholis (2013), developing skills, and shaping the character of
education is not only limited to the classroom their students. They must not only educate but
but also encompasses the whole process of also instill moral values and ethics, teaching
guiding and nurturing a child's physical and students how to behave properly so that they
spiritual growth from birth to maturity. This can carry themselves with dignity and respect,
growth is influenced by the child's and be able to adapt to any situation they
environment, including family, society, and encounter.
nature. Therefore, both parents and teachers In Indonesia, teachers are expected to be
have a shared responsibility for providing a role models for their students, demonstrating
conducive environment for children's growth the values and principles that they teach. They
and development. are also responsible for creating a conducive
Education, in this sense, is not just about learning environment, where students can feel
providing knowledge and skills but also about comfortable and motivated to learn. Teachers
shaping the character and values of the child to must be able to adapt to different learning
become a responsible and productive member styles and abilities, and be willing to provide
of society. Through education, children can additional support to those who need it.
learn how to interact positively with their Indonesia's education system also recognizes
surroundings and contribute to their the importance of teaching students about the
communities. The meaning of education is a country's history and culture, as well as
human effort to grow and develop the potential promoting multiculturalism and tolerance.
of both physical and spiritual innate abilities in Students learn about the country's diverse
accordance with the values that exist in society ethnic and religious groups, and are taught to

respect and appreciate the differences that exist to be responsible and engaged citizens as a
among them. result of their educational experiences.
In conclusion, the purpose of education in According to Amka (2019), education is
Indonesia is not limited to imparting not only a necessary instrument for individual
information and abilities; rather, it also plays a and societal growth but also a way of ensuring
key role in the development of the students' the overall well-being and advancement of
personalities. It is impossible to separate the society as a whole. It is impossible to
job of a teacher in Indonesian education from exaggerate the importance of philosophy in the
the Pancasila ideals and the Constitution of field of education since it acts as a compass for
1945. Teachers not only have the responsibility all of the various educational theories and
of educating their pupils, but they also have an methods that are now in use. In particular, it
important role to play in forming the students' directs researchers and educators. The practice
moral values and ethical standards. In of philosophical inquiry and reasoning assists
Indonesia, students look up to their teachers as educators in developing a crystal-clear grasp of
role models and want them to foster an the goal and significance of education, as well
environment that is favorable to learning while as the institution's guiding ideals and principles,
also encouraging multiculturalism and as well as the strategies and procedures that
tolerance. can be applied to effectively educate pupils.
C. The Development of Educational Philosophy provides a conceptual
Philosophy in Schools framework for education, helping educators to
In general, the goal of education is to equip think critically and systematically about the
students with the knowledge, skills, attitudes, issues and challenges that arise in the teaching
and values that will allow them to effectively and learning process. By reflecting on the
operate in both their personal and societal lives. fundamental questions of education, such as
The objective of education is not merely to what the purpose of education is, what should
acquire academic knowledge; rather, it is to be taught, and how it should be taught,
develop all elements of a person, including educators can develop a deep understanding of
their physical self, emotional self, social self, the nature of learning and teaching.
and moral self. Students benefit from This is in line with what was conveyed by
education because it teaches them skills that Fajar (2013): teachers must have a mastery of
will be useful throughout their lives, such as the concepts they teach, as well as the science
how to think critically, communicate clearly, and art of teaching, or pedagogy, to ensure that
work effectively with others, and make students do not have misconceptions. In other
decisions based on accurate information. words, teachers must be equipped with the
Students get the agency to pursue their theoretical and practical knowledge and skills
individual interests and passions, to seek necessary to teach their subject matter
careers, to contribute to their communities, and effectively and help their students learn.

Philosophy plays a crucial role in guiding and books, scientific essays, theses and
informing the pedagogical practices of teachers, dissertations, statutes, regulations, yearbooks,
helping them to create meaningful learning encyclopedias, and other written sources, both
experiences for their students. It helps teachers printed and from other electronic sources.
design and implement effective instructional The process of doing a literature review
strategies, assess student learning, and provide often entails conducting a systematic search of
feedback and support to their students. relevant databases and academic journals,
In conclusion, the role of philosophy in evaluating the abstracts and full texts of
education is essential in providing guidance potentially relevant papers, and then extracting
and direction to existing educational theories and summarizing key findings and ideas
and practices. Philosophical inquiry and gleaned from these sources.An author's ability
reasoning help educators develop a clear to identify gaps in the existing literature, topics
understanding of the purpose and meaning of that require more examination, and a
education, its values and principles, and the theoretical and empirical framework for their
methods and techniques that can be used to research can be greatly aided by the
deliver education to students effectively. thoroughness and organization of a literature
Teachers must also have a mastery of the review.
concepts they teach and the science and art of In addition, research proposals, grant
teaching to ensure that students do not have applications, and other papers related to
misconceptions. research frequently rely on the support that is
provided by literature reviews during the
3. METHODS
development process. The author is able to
The method that the author uses in writing
make use of any and all material and thoughts
this journal is library research. A
that are associated with or pertinent to the
comprehensive overview of the current state of
journal that they are now writing by employing
knowledge on a specific subject or issue is the
the approach of literature study. The process or
goal of an essential aspect of the research
steps taken in this literature study include:
process known as a literature review. This part
1. Know and determine the type of library
of the research process is an important part of
needed. In this process, the author first
the research process. An author is able to
looks for the type of literature needed and
identify and synthesize current research papers,
relevant to the title discussed by the author,
theories, and concepts that are relevant to their
namely "The Role of Educational
research topic or objective if they do a
Philosophy as a Foundation for
literature review. The material that is acquired
Strengthening Teaching to Teachers in
via a literature review can originate from a
Schools." The author collects relevant
wide variety of sources. Some examples of
sources from electronic books (books in pdf
these sources are research reports, scientific
format), media from the internet, relevant

journals, or a combination of several of follows a behaviorist educational philosophy,

them. which emphasizes rewards and punishments,
2. Read the type of library that has been will create a classroom environment that is
determined. After the type of literature structured, predictable, and often rigid. This
needed has been collected, the author reads teacher will use extrinsic motivation to
the sources of information carefully. encourage students to behave in a certain way
3. Carry out the evaluation In this process, the rather than foster intrinsic motivation and a
writer collects all the important information love of learning. How the teacher arranges
obtained from the sources that have been learning tools, starting from compiling annual
read. The author records this information program, semester program, syllabuses, RPPs,
and adapts it to the title that the author is and even the implementation of the RPP, must
discussing. refer to educational philosophy.
4. Presenting the results of a literature study
Educational ontology is a branch of
After all relevant sources have been
educational philosophy that deals with the
summarized, the author presents them in
fundamental nature of education and its
written form.
purpose. By understanding the ontology of
education, a teacher can define their role as an
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
educator and what they hope to achieve
Educational philosophy is a vital element through their teaching. For instance, if a
in the teaching profession because it guides the teacher believes that the purpose of education
teacher in making decisions and taking actions is to prepare students for the workforce, they
in the classroom. A teacher's ethics and actions may focus on teaching practical skills that will
reflect the educational philosophy they follow. help their students succeed in their future
A teacher who understands and adheres to a careers. On the other hand, if a teacher believes
particular educational philosophy will be able that the purpose of education is to promote
to create an environment in which students can personal growth and development, they may
learn effectively. focus more on developing their students'
critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
For instance, a teacher who follows a
humanistic educational philosophy that By understanding their educational
prioritizes the student's needs, interests, and ontology, a teacher can also establish their
abilities will create a classroom environment goals and objectives, which will influence their
that is welcoming, supportive, and non- teaching methods and strategies. For example,
threatening. Such a teacher will give students if a teacher believes that education should be
the opportunity to express themselves and student-centered, they may employ more
encourage them to take responsibility for their interactive and collaborative teaching
learning. On the other hand, a teacher who strategies. Alternatively, if a teacher believes

that education should be teacher-centered, they learning and encourages the intellectual and
may use more lecture-based methods. personal development of their pupils.
Therefore, the teacher's educational One of the most important functions of

ontology serves as a foundation for their educational philosophy is to act as a guide for
teaching approach and pedagogy. The teacher's educators as they devise efficient lesson plans
actions and ethics reflect their philosophy and and instructional activities for their students.
can have a significant impact on their students' The yearly program, semester program,
learning and development. What role should syllabuses, and RPPs can all be developed
the teacher play as an educator? What can the more effectively with the assistance of
teacher do to provide good teaching to students? philosophy. These actions, which determine
With epistemology, teachers can find and the manner in which a teacher approaches
develop what methods and learning styles suit teaching and learning, need to be linked with
the students they teach so that teaching and the educational philosophy that the educator
learning activities are not monotonous and can holds.
increase students' learning motivation. With
In addition to this, philosophy guides
educational axiology, teachers know how to be
educators in the selection of appropriate
ethical when treating students. Teachers
instructional strategies and learning styles that
understand how to deal with student
are tailored to the requirements of their
heterogeneity, such as how to deal with
individual students. This method helps to
students who are introverted, extroverted,
prevent teaching and learning activities from
hyperactive, or passive in class.
becoming mundane, which in turn might boost
5. CONCLUSION the students' desire to continue their education.
In general, the authors are able to reach the The definition of the ethical ideas and
conclusion that philosophy plays an important ideals that guide teachers in their treatment of
role in the field of education. This is especially pupils is referred to as educational axiology,
true in terms of the function it plays in which is another essential component of
advising educators on how to properly carry educational philosophy. It is imperative that
out their responsibilities as educators. When educators have a solid grasp on how to
educators have a firm grasp of educational accommodate the diverse personalities and
philosophy, they are better able to articulate behaviors of their pupils, including strategies
their raison d'être as educators and their place for working with students who are more
in the process of teaching and learning. With reserved, outgoing, hyperactive, or inactive.
this information, teachers will be better able to Teachers can establish a positive learning
create an atmosphere that is conducive to environment that encourages the intellectual
and personal development of their pupils by

adhering to ethical principles and values in of Kharotum. HOW Vol 25, No 2,

their classrooms. July, 49-56.
Nation, I., & Macalister, J. (2010).
6. REFERENCES Language Curriculum Design.
Achmadi, Asmoro, Drs., 2001, Filsafat Umum, Newyork: Routledge Taylor and
Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada Francis Group.
Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. (2010).
Amka, A. (2019). Filsafat pendidikan. Longman Dictionary of Language
Banjarmasin : Nizamia Learning Teaching and Applied Linguistics.
Center.
Great Britain: Pearson.
Faiz, A. (2021). Peran Filsafat Progresivisme Richards, J., & Rodger, S. (2001).
dalam Mengembangkan Kemampuan Approach and Methods in Language
Calon Pendidik di Abad-21. Jurnal Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge
Education and Development, 9(1), University Pr
131-131.
Hardanti, B. W. (2020). Landasan Ontologis,

Aksiologis, Epitesmologis Aliran
Filsafat Esensialisme dan
Pandanganya Terhadap Pendidikan.
Reforma: Jurnal Pendidikan dan
Pembelajaran, 9(2), 87-95.
Muliadi. (2020). Filsafat Umum. Fakultas

Ushuluddin UIN Sunan Gunung Djati :
Bandung.
Muslim, A. (2020). Telaah Filsafat Pendidikan

Esensialisme Dalam Pendidikan
Karakter. Jurnal Visionary: Penelitian
dan Pengembangan dibidang
Administrasi Pendidikan, 8(2).
Rahman BP, Dkk. (2022). Pengertian

pendidikan, ilmu pendidikan dan
sumber-sumber pendidikan. Jurnal Al
Urwatul Wutsqa: Kajian Pendidikan
Islam ISSN: 2775-4855 Volume 2,
Nomor 1.
Suedi. (2016). Pengantar Filsafat Ilmu. Bogor :

IPB Press.
https://anglusiaworld.blogspot.com/20
14/11/pentingnya-filsafat-bagi-profesi-
guru.html
Mohammed, A. S., & Nur, H. S. (2018).

Need Analysis in English for
Academic Purposes: The Case of
Teaching Assistants at the University


The Role of Educational Philosophy As The Foundati

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

The Role of Educational Philosophy As The Foundati

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY AS THE FOUNDATION FOR TEACHER

Fadhilah Khairani1, Tuti Handayani2, Darwin Effendi 3, Yenny Puspita4

E-mail: 1rcipao@gmail.com, 2handayanituti1207.th@gmail.com, 3darwinpasca2010@gmail.com,

1. INTRODUCTION Lastly, axiology is the subfield of philosophy