‫اﻟﻔﻬﺮس‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.........................................................................................‬أ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ‪:‬‬

‫اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ‪...........‬‬

‫ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻭﺍﺭﻯ‬
‫‪06..........................................................‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤؤﻟﻒ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻠﺨﻀﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻤﺪ)ﻣﺸﺮﻑ(‬ ‫ﻣؤﻟﻔﻴﻦ ﺁﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪06.....................................................................2014‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺸﺄة ‪........... :‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ أ ‪-‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻴﻼﺩﻱ‪:‬‬

‫‪09......................................................................‬‬‫ب ‪ -‬اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪.........‬‬
‫ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪1 - 168‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺤﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ج ‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪13...............................................................‬‬
‫‪939491‬‬ ‫ﺭﻗﻢ ‪:MD‬‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻴﺔ‪18...........................................................‬‬
‫‪............‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﺋﻞ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ‪:‬اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻧﻮﻉ ‪ 2‬ـ‬
‫‪Arabic‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ‪:‬‬
‫أ – ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪20...........................................................................‬‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪25.............................................................‬‬‫‪..............‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺻﺪﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﺡ ‪ -‬ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‬ ‫ب – دﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻣﻌﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻵﺩﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﻠﻐﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪28...............................................................‬‬ ‫ج – ﻗﻮة اﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ‪..............‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺍﺋﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬‫‪‬‬
‫‪Dissertations‬‬ ‫ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻼﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ ،‬ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺴﻨﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻳﻌﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ‪:‬‬
‫‪32................................‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻷول ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻪ‪....................................‬‬
‫‪http://search.mandumah.com/Record/939491‬‬ ‫ﺭﺍﺑﻂ‪:‬‬

‫‪ 1‬ـ ﻟﻐﺔ‪32....................................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪32............................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪35............................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ أﺳﻠﻮب اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪37......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ‪38...............................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ :‬أﻧﻮاﻋﻪ‪43.....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﻗﺐ‪43..............................................................‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ‬

‫‪ 2‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‪47................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬أﻏﺮاﺿﻪ ‪53..................................................................‬‬
‫© ‪ 2024‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ( ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪166‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻔﻬﺮس‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.........................................................................................‬أ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﺇﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺏ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺳﺘﺸﻬﺎﺩ ﺑﻬﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻗﻢ ﺑﻨﺴﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -APA‬اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ‪06.....................................................................‬‬

‫ﺇﺳﻠﻮﺏ ‪1‬‬
‫ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻭﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺑﻠﺨﻀﺮ‪ ،‬ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‪.(2014) .‬ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫)ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭﺓ(‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻗﺎﺻﺪﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﺡ ‪ -‬ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪06................‬‬ ‫‪...............................http://search.mandumah.com/Record/939491‬‬
‫أ ‪ -‬اﻟﻨﺸﺄة ‪................................. :‬‬
‫ﺇﺳﻠﻮﺏ ‪ MLA‬ب ‪ -‬اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪09...............................................................................‬‬
‫ﺃﺣﻤﺪ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺯﻭﺍﺭﻯ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺃﺣﻤﺪ ﺑﻠﺨﻀﺮ‪" .‬ﺃﺳﻠﻮﺏ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺁﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‪ :‬ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﻼﻏﻴﺔ ﻭﺃﺳﻠﻮﺑﻴﺔ" ﺭﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺟﺴﺘﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﻗﺎﺻﺪﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﺎﺡ ‪ -‬ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺭﻗﻠﺔ‪ .2014 ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﺮﺟﻊ ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪13......................................‬‬ ‫‪.............‬‬ ‫ج ‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪............‬‬
‫‪http://search.mandumah.com/Record/939491‬‬

‫‪ 2‬ـ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ ‪18.......................................................................‬‬

‫أ – ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪20...........................................................................‬‬
‫ب – دﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪25...........................................................................‬‬
‫ج – ﻗﻮة اﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ‪28.............................................................................‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻷول ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻪ‪32....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ ﻟﻐﺔ‪32....................................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪32............................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪35............................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ أﺳﻠﻮب اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪37......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ‪38...............................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ :‬أﻧﻮاﻋﻪ‪43.....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﻗﺐ‪43..............................................................‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ‬

‫‪ 2‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‪47................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬أﻏﺮاﺿﻪ ‪53..................................................................‬‬
‫© ‪ 2024‬ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻹﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﻣﻊ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺃﻭ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻤﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺃﻱ ﻭﺳﻴﻠﺔ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ( ﺩﻭﻥ ﺗﺼﺮﻳﺢ ﺧﻄﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺮ ﺃﻭ‬
‫‪166‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
 ‫اﻟﻔﻬﺮس‬

‫اﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.........................................................................................‬أ‬

‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫‪ - 1‬اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﺤﻜﻴﻢ ‪06.....................................................................‬‬
‫أ ‪ -‬اﻟﻨﺸﺄة ‪06................................................................................ :‬‬
‫ب ‪ -‬اﻟﺘﺴﻤﻴﺔ‪09...............................................................................‬‬
‫ج ‪ -‬ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺪراﺳﺎت اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪13...............................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻲ ‪18.......................................................................‬‬
‫أ – ﺟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ‪20...........................................................................‬‬
‫ب – دﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ‪25...........................................................................‬‬
‫ج – ﻗﻮة اﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ‪28.............................................................................‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻷول ‪ :‬ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻪ‪32....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ ﻟﻐﺔ‪32....................................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪32............................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪35............................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ أﺳﻠﻮب اﳊﻜﻴﻢ‪37......................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎ‪38...............................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ :‬أﻧﻮاﻋﻪ‪43.....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﻗﺐ‪43..............................................................‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ‬

‫‪ 2‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‪47................................................................‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬أﻏﺮاﺿﻪ ‪53..................................................................‬‬

‫‪166‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ اﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻼﺋﻖ واﻷﻫﻢ‪54...................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺨﻠﺺ‪57.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ َ َُ‬
‫‪ 3‬ـ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺾ‪60.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ـ اﻟﺘﻠﻄﻒ‪62.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ـ اﻟﺘﺄدب‪63..................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 6‬ـ اﻟﺘﻈﺮف‪65.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 7‬ـ اﻟﺪﻋﺎﺑﺔ‪66..................................................................................‬‬

‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻷول ‪ :‬أﻧﻮاﻋﻪ‪70.....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﺮﻗﺐ‪70............................................................‬‬
‫َ‬ ‫‪ 1‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ ﺗﻠﻘﻲ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ‪76................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ‪ :‬أﻏﺮاﺿﻪ‪83....................................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‪83......................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ اﻟﺘﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻼﺋﻖ واﻷﻫﻢ‪85 ..................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ اﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﺾ‪87.................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ـ اﻟﺘﻠﻄﻒ‪90 ...............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ـ اﻟﺼﺮف‪92................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 5‬ـ اﻹﺑﻄﺎل‪95 .................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 6‬ـ اﻹﻧﻜﺎر‪98..................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 7‬ـ اﻟﺘﻬﻜﻢ‪100 ...............................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 8‬ـ اﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪ‪102 ...............................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ‪ :‬ﻇﻮاﻫﺮﻩ اﻷﺳﻠﻮﺑﻴﺔ‪105 ......................................................‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﻬﻴﺪ‪105 ....................................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ـ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‪109 .........................................................................‬‬

‫‪167‬‬
 ‫أ ـ اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻨﻔﻌﻲ‪110 ....................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻨﺤﻮي‪113 ..................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ـ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة اﻻﻧﺰﻳﺎح‪117 .........................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ ِاﻹرداف‪122 .........................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﻻﺳﺘﻔﻬﺎم ا ﺎزي‪120 .................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ اﻻﻧﺰﻳﺎح اﻟﺪﻻﱄ‪122 ...................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 3‬ـ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‪123 ..........................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار اﻟﺼﻮﰐ‪124 .....................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار اﻟﺼﺮﰲ‪125 ...................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار اﻟﱰﻛﻴﱯ واﻟﺪﻻﱄ‪128 .............................................................‬‬
‫د ـ ﺗﻜﺮار ﺟﻨﺎس اﻻﺷﺘﻘﺎق‪130 ..............................................................‬‬
‫ح ـ ﺗﻜﺮار اﳌﺸﺎﻛﻠﺔ‪132 ....................................................................‬‬
‫‪ 4‬ـ ﻇﺎﻫﺮة اﻟﻤﻔﺎرﻗﺔ‪137..........................................................................‬‬
‫أ ـ اﳌﻔﺎرﻗﺔ اﻟﻠﻔﻈﻴﺔ‪138......................................................................‬‬
‫ب ـ ﻣﻔﺎرﻗﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ‪139.....................................................................‬‬
‫ج ـ ﻣﻔﺎرﻗﺔ اﳌﻔﻬﻮم‪140.....................................................................‬‬
‫د ـ ﻣﻔﺎرﻗﺔ اﳌﻔﺎﺟﺄة‪141.....................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺗﻤﺔ‪144.....................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻖ‪147.......................................................................................‬‬
‫ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﺎدر واﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻊ‪157..................................................................‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻬﺮس‪166.....................................................................................‬‬

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