CHAPTER 1

Introduction

BACKGROUND Of THE STUDY

Academic performance really means: ability to learn and remember facts; have
the ability to study effectively and know how the facts agree with each other to form a
broader model of knowledge and think about oneself in reaction to facts, and thirdly the
ability to express one's own knowledge (Berceno, 2012). Academic performance talks
about how students are accomplishing his or her responsibilities and studies. According
to (Shelton and Pedersen , 2016) academic performance refers to the percentage of
marks obtained by the pupils on each subject and used to describe the academic
achievement of students in K- 12 institution . Academic performance is more focused
on the scores and percentage of marks, which are not indicative of the actual and real
life abilities to potential of a certain student ( Delano - Oriarian , 2016). However, student
academic performance is affected by different factors .

Student academic performance can be affected by student himself. The students

low academic performance can be affected by their poor time management, no interest
in learning, lack of self confidence and motivation. On the other hand, there are also
good factors that can be used for students to have a better academic performance.
Which is the student regular class attendance, regular studying, self-motivation ,
punctuality, hard work and interest in a subject are all student factors that can
contribute to improve student academic performance. Student academic performance
is also affected by teacher factor, this factor can contribute to improve student
academic performance by providing a student frequent feedback and assist the student
to learn different things. And most importantly, the parents factor. Everything starts at
home, even the behavior of the students when they are at school. If the student is
having a hard time at home, no moral and financial support from their parents, always
stress or even depressed, student cannot focused on a certain topic or lesson which
can lead to poor academic performance. But if the parents shows concern to their
children's academic performance and meeting their needs can result for a student great
academic performance.

The implication of the factors affecting a student academic performance

deserve to be explore further, as it has a significant impact to the school and student
himself. For this reason the researcher conduct a study to identify the different factors
affecting the academic performance of Grade 12 night class students in Global
Technical school of Zamboanga, Inc.

THEORITICAL/ CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Independent variable Dependent variable

Factors:

Student factor
Academic performance of
Teacher factor the students

Parents factor

Figure 1. Conceptual framework of the study

The research paradigm illustrates the conceptual framework of the study that shows
the relationship of the dependent and independent variable of the study. This framework
embodies the specific direction by which the research will have to be undertaken by
describing the relationship between specific variables identified in the study.This study
consists of two important variables:

The first independent variable is factors that affected the students' academic
performance .The second variable is the academic performance of the students that are
affected by different factors . This research is expected to discover the factors
affecting the academic performance of grade 12 night class students in Global
Technical school of Zamboanga, Inc .

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aimed to know the factors affecting the academic performance of Grade
12 night class students in Global Technical school of Zamboanga, Inc.

It attempt to answer the following questions:

1. What is the academic performance of the students?

2. What are the factors affecting the academic performance of the students?

3. Is there a significant difference between the factors affecting the academic

performance of the students?

HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY

There is a significant difference between the factors affecting the academic

performance of the students.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

This study aimed to determine the factors affecting the academic performance of
grade 12 night class students. The factors affecting a student’s academic performance
arise from several reasons. In line with this, this research was conducted to determine
the factors that affect the academic performance of the grade 12 night class students
which may consequently help in the improvement of the students and teachers alike.
This study may benefit the students by allowing them to understand better the factors
that can affect their academic performance. They may be able to improve their
academic performance with the findings that are established by this study.

SIGNICANCE OF THE STUDY

Importance of studying

If the foundation of the student's education is strong, something will help him
in his learning, meaning it is beneficial to strengthen said foundation in order to be
prepared for the best career opportunities.

This study can provide great contribution and importance to the following:

School administrator This research will be beneficial to school administrator.This can

also provide additional knowledge to determine the factors that affect the Academic
Performance of students.

Teachers This research will be beneficial to the teacher. Because of this they will be
encouraged to make designs for the improvement of the knowledge of the student .
They can use this knowledge to improve their teaching, plan and implement a broad but
realistic program that responds to the evolving academic needs of students.

Parents The result of this study can give them an image of the Academic
Performance of their children in school. This will serve as important information based
on the education of their children.
Future Researcher This will benefit the future researcher because this will be served as
their reference in their future research.

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

This study focused on the factors affecting the academic performance of Grade 12
night class students in Global Technical school of Zamboanga, Inc . This study limits
only to students who are currently enrolled S . Y : 2023 - 2024.

DEFINITION OF TERM

For ease of understanding in this study, the following terms are defined
according to their use in the study.

Academic Performance. It refers to the knowledge gained or ability developed in school

subjects, usually determined by test scores, teacher scores, or both. (Sarmoy, 2014). In
the study, this refers to the total score of all students who are fluent in Filipino.

Gender. It is an individual's identity as male or female, which is different from the true
biological sex (Lugunday, 2013). In the study, it refers to the female or male respondent.

Factor. It means in any event, chance brings results. It is an element that makes up
something that is not it (Dela Cruz, 2012) In learning, this refers to the causes or
reasons that affect the academic performance of students .

Teacher. It is one of the factor that contributes to the academic performance of the
student.
 GLOBAL TECHNICAL SCHOOL OF ZAMBOANGA, Inc

Factors affecting the academic performance of Grade 12 night class

students in Global Technical school of Zamboanga, Inc