URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of

TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 10

I. Learning Objectives
After going through the discussion, the students will be able to:
a) define Homologous, Analogous Structure and Vestigial Structure;
b) identify Homologous and Analogous Structure; and
c) compare the stages of embryonic development that provide clues for evolution.

II. Content
a. Topic: Comparative Anatomy and Embryonic Development
b. Materials:
 PowerPoint Presentation
 Laptop
 Video Clips
 Pictures

III. Learning Resources/References

 Science 10 Learning Module. Department of Education. pp. 309-316.
 Science 10 Teacher’s Guide. Department of Education. pp. 227-232.

IV. Procedure

Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Preliminary Activities
Good morning, class! Good morning, Ma’am!

How are you, class? We’re doing great, Ma’am.

May I call on Brent to lead the prayer. (Brent will pray)

Thank you, Brent for that heartfelt prayer.

Who are absent today? There are no absent today.

It’s good to know that all of you are present!

Before we proceed to our new lesson, what did I learned about how Paleontologist determine
you learn last meeting? the Age of Fossils.

How does Paleontologist determine the age of Through Absolute and Relative Dating, Ma’am.
fossils?

Very good!

What is the difference between Relative and Relative dating tells how old something is in
Absolute Dating? relation to other objects, but cannot provide a
year or specific date of use, while Absolute
dating provides a specific calendar year for the
occupation of a site.
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Very good! You were able to recall the topics we

tackled last meeting.

But before we start our lesson, do you want to Yes, Ma’am.

play a game?

A. Before the Lesson (Motivation)

This game is called 4 Pics 1 Word.

Mechanics of the game:

1. In 4 Pics 1 Word, students are presented
with four images that have one word in
common. The goal is to figure out what
that word is based on the pictures
provided.

Are you ready? Yes, Ma’am.

Compare, Ma’am.

Anatomy, Ma’am.

Very good!

Based on your answer on the game earlier, Our topic is all about Comparative Anatomy,
what do you think is our topic for today? Ma’am.

Exactly!
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

B. Lesson Proper (Discussion)

I have here a video clip about Comparative
anatomy, analyze it and we will have sharing of
knowledge about the video.

Are you ready? Yes, Ma’am.

https://youtu.be/CGFEJRjUh2g?si=vvvb1UbVlJflSJF- (The student will watch the video)

Based on the video, what is your analysis? The video is about the anatomy of different
species and how it is like compared to human
anatomy.

Very good!

Let’s define first, what is Anatomy. In your own Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned
words, what is Anatomy? with the study of the structure of organisms
and their parts.

Other definition? Anatomy is a branch of natural science that

deals with the structural organization of living
things.
Very good class!

Now, what do you understand about Comparative anatomy is the study of

Comparative Anatomy? similarities in the anatomical structure of
different species. It supports evolution by
providing evidence that supports or dismisses
the relatedness of two organisms.
Great job!

Today’s discussion, we will discuss the three

structures.
1. Homologous Structures
2. Analogous Structures
3. Vestigial Structures

What is Homologous Structures, based on the Homologous structures are similar physical
picture presented? features in organisms that share a common
ancestor, but the features serve completely
different functions.
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Can you give me example of Homologous The limbs of humans, cats, whales, and bats.
Structure?

Very good!

What about Analogous Structure? Analogous structures are features of different

species that are similar in function but not
necessarily in structure and which do not
derive from a common ancestral feature and
which evolved in response to a similar
environmental challenge.

Good job!

Give me an example of Analogous Structure.

The wings in flying animals like bats, birds,
and insects, to fins in animals like penguins
Very good!
and fish.

What about Vestigial Structures? What do you

Structures that have no apparent function and
understand about this structure?
appear to be residual parts from a past
ancestor are called vestigial structures.
Very good!

What is the example of Vestigial Structures?

The wisdom tooth in human.
Nice!

Do you understand the three structures?

Yes, Ma’am!
What do you observe in this picture?
The different animals have almost the same
embryo of a human.

Good observation!
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

But, why do you think so that human has same Since all vertebrates (animals with backbones)
embryo with other animals? evolved from a common ancestor, the genetic
information that guides their development is
nearly the same.
Good job!

Do you have any ideas to share? All human and animal embryos go through
very similar stages of early development. The
major difference appears to be how long it
takes to reach each of these same stages.

This shows that the animals are similar and

that they develop similarly, implying that they
are related, have common ancestors and that
they started out the same, gradually evolving
different traits, but that the basic plan for a
creature's beginning remains the same.

Very good class!

Generalization
Name the 3 Structures and their differences Homologous structures share an ancestor but
serve a different function but analogous
structures serve a similar function but do not
share an ancestor. Vestigial structures are
traits that our ancestors needed but no longer
serve a purpose in our environment.
Application
Activity #1: So Who is my Relative?
Directions: The students will answer the
activity on the book titled “So, Who is my (Students will work collaboratively)
Relative?”

Evaluation:
Directions: Choose the best answer.
1. The branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their
parts.
a. Comparative Anatomy
b. Anatomy and Physiology
c. Anatomy
d. Physiology

2. It is the study of similarities in the anatomical structure of different species.

a. Physiology
b. Anatomy and Physiology
c. Comparative Anatomy
d. Anatomy

3. These are features of different species that are similar in function but not necessarily in
structure and which do not derive from a common ancestral feature.
a. Comparative Structures
b. Analogous Structures
c. Similar Structures
d. Homologous Structures
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

4. These are similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the
features serve completely different functions.
a. Vestigial Structures
b. Analogous Structures
c. Similar Structures
d. Homologous Structures

5. Structures that have no apparent function and appear to be residual parts from a past
ancestor are called vestigial structures.
a. Analogous Structures
b. Vestigial Structures
c. Similar Structures
d. Homologous Structures

6. How does animal and human embryo have almost the same characteristics?
a. Because their body is the same before giving birth
b. Because they are all invertebrates that’s why they have the same structure of
development
c. Because they are all embryo
d. Because they are vertebrates evolved from a common ancestor, the genetic
information that guides their development is nearly the same

7. Analogous: Wings Homologous: _____

a. Eyes
b. Limbs
c. Face
d. Head

8. Which of the following is an example of Vestigial Structures.

a. Eyelashes
b. Wisdom Tooth
c. Lips
d. Ears

9. It refers to the gradual change in a population’s genetic composition over successive

generations.
a. Evolving
b. Evolutionized
c. Evolution

d. Evolutions

10. Why does organism evolve?

a. They need to
b. It allows them to survive and reproduce
c. For population growth
d. They don’t evolve at all
 URDANETA CITY COLLEGE of
TEACHER EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY
Owned and Operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Assignment:
Research Work
Directions: Research the similarity and differences of the structures of the following organisms
below.
1. Human and Chimpanzee
2. Cats and Whales
3. Bats and butterfly
4. Horse and Zebra
5. Snake and Worm

V. Remarks
VI. Reflect

Prepared by:

LAURA ASHLEY L. DESAMITO

Student Intern

Noted by:

MYRNA VIRGINIA I. MENDOZA JUMAR V. MACHACON

MT II MT I
Cooperating Teacher OIC, Head Teacher VI- Science

Approved by:

EDDIE M. RAGUINDIN EdD

Education Program Supervisor I- Science
OIC Office of the Principal IV