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    13 views42 pages

    Physics World - 2023 - Vol 36-04

    Uploaded by

    DrC

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    of 42
    oor Volume 36 Ho 4 ape 2023 physics Melody makers OTSA MMU MeO) Cakes a See “First science results from the James Webb Space Telescope Complexeatalogiel ur coarse ogee smug Why you should focus on this novel form of solar power physicsworld ‘Quanta Research Updates 5 "Nearambent” superconduc found « DARTpactchanged antrciorot »Muorsusedtoimage aces acer Mesto fo potr-boron fusion New ype of tal “scored «Stor camecton sraloedwthscund Blackhole estoys quantumeffects Nows & Analysis 10 Cals forUKtooin orzon Europe htukewam response ‘Refomsnoeded tackle race « omen sade Iigaeshoterdstancesthan men » Neo Frtakesey [NASA le «Shaping debate Anne ean cna the Instituto Pyssis dongtorindusty Comment 15 Wales mates Forum a7 Lette vvavoce ive up ois name Prt Mea Critical Point 18 Magaeenstetie Robert? ease ‘Transactions 21 Concenvateonthis James Mekenie Feedback 2 Lettersabout soning hon down pipes, poblens wth fon, te dangers fwd eng ae aphiocphicl dg Song (ew Soe et ete et tersoca mseas {ays tom esWST39 Contents: April 2023 Tepe coor Maa egy 3 Features Playing to the quantum beats 26 \Weknow hat quantum compsterstave huge pte in pefomingsuper ‘ast scent callers, bt coud they be ‘sedto make and manipulate musi? Philp Bal atends meeting ot scents ard avantgarde musciansto fn ot The first science from the JWST 33 Asronomasare ung the sacrets ofthe unese wth he ely aunchod lanes Wed Space Telescope. Keith Cooper ies outighightsf te tlestope' preliminary sconce rests Aperiodic table for topological materials 39 Notes tnatcondut ection otis tothe insies, srs common as as ergo and Coleapes cemonstate Reviews. a2 Deconstuctig tutus Jess Hage «Atle of catastrophe and compen ones Kata: Careers a7 From stuenttomentoto teacher ie Whtnat ‘hohe anything: ata Hussain Recruitment 49 Lateral Thoughts 52 hers Wally inte mere? John Bemey ». [Multimedia isan totes Pye Wests pear esata Bee garam muse” Quanta (ROC Seen and heard Each time we are rolinga dice Rafael ane rst actor gener down. By changing tesa content ofthe elatina Ar neyAny sats unnpcsioningio mol few ‘Sateen the teumcame up wathaneqlanaio for [Gost commortngenthe Zapata ey sppetorm When pure water wat sed vps ereseen athe les fe revembledcandle, However, wily wate thea gets pute out thea. [eeandonotheuracect thee. This eats maf water that ows ‘inasbee tesa en Ui. Wsbananas along the surface ofthe icicle, forming the ee canes sgl preetcletpern Soames caowe Stemceowcsirtaieves! mapatecrommeet ee emcee Pee eee |i eerie! wht me ‘lenistand scenes educator Maggie ataUSNatlana Busta Asoition ‘erin Pocock (above, The Bart doll event butsppaentthelenguchasna Myfatherwouldhave been wally sPredbyAdern-Pocock which wont planayetto wet in elas. compel sl hara ary dese, eee rrminscent ofthe nights and comes |Alfoam, no beor Thetis psc Rea Malet om ih scope acer tarp ‘Afoanyheadonapintot redid) ofComectistausedin dein cack, whohar jut bcamethe | ber istsualyesgn of tnecusran University ofLecesters ew hanclor, cdl pple Bt Folowrgtte gether wen Malet aye that when she ea the newsol how can youensure tat he Was 1,thephsisthasbom condutre | farbeiner honour she" danced arn \derredsmmont fos Fesearchan nee sghespete the tiv room wile dauper “When createdevery mea pti (orto tspossoity. abit, Barbe dda ok ike me, ‘poured Papin South sstohaveone crested ny emesis Rocca and Germany hve |wasfortunatetohave parents who ind boggling ays Aden Pocock Its now ated to answer ths conundeurn encouraged metothinkanything | ichantanourtoreceethladell ats by udying what happens when eerie ar naaule Sebati ry achiveents” ‘ply fred ina ls through ole ae mts {nhs Pye) lide 380208. teeiaaaes ent oecese eset | sply structures ‘Thealeisseroundedby smognet nd as, Nes Wtermaybeoverinthenortem —_whenthe ie fll amt dic sels ‘kon ss tal teenager sb ead ‘Ata atin col we showing ana ‘anangy. tesa Ye Inmlsperebuthaveyouever wondered thebole Thersearchers ed camerae vhyiclestend tohaveariped shape, tomontorthe filing process andthe ‘ithaternatingedgesandalleys rinsing caridot computer nina which ‘onthe length ofthe siktructures? revs thal the ri formed ony in the \thoughtitwasa goodidea and theteymystrymay nowhave been saed_ frst moments of pouring hen the we something we needed tyMennoDemmenleandcllegucion turbulent The rsurcheresn diconred itn Assanagan om oS Dapaient he Univesity of Amsterdam hye Rev thatwarnes empresa higher eng/sBretaenoortlaboatay | dppled 19024009, Theteambuitan _pessrencrene more fom. The group ‘moron Smet *Cclemachininwhichwteristiled_aythatfurther worked ot ny Bela Assamoganhasdedeatedmuchofiscaser | natsub-ero temperatures ihevaler toceteabete foamy head ball tohebingpystscess Ais, eng comesin oof thistestounditjst pouring tine, whic mean you wont have uoungbe canSconofPnsis. | dipsatothellooeButFitcomesinton tows seond longer our pat. Well Swiy.thelelegrowsypratherthan — denkto hat Research updates ‘Near-ambient’ superconductivity found ‘Superconductivity has been observed at temperatures up to 20°C in a rogen-doped lutetium hydride, but the claims will need careful validation, as Michael Banks reports Sapecondctviy has ben aber {120°C D94K) ina roger doped Tete hyde under presre ‘1G (10k). The materia wat Imaicand studied by Ranga Dusand (llengoctalthe Uneriy of Roche terintheUS, who dm that tbe iad Ingres pes that mater that supercondst a ambient candions ‘ay soon be ound (Natur 615 249, Bema ts carry decrcalcar eat with ao lca resistance, sapercondactors have a wide ange ‘ot applcations bt they need to be ooled down to lowe temperatures forthe efleet to occur For many years the matrals with he highest opercondacting transit temper "res were the copper-oxide based “aprete which superconduc at around “130°C at ambient prev fue. But then in 2013 Mikhail Eremets and colleges a the Max Planck Institut for Chemisty ad the Johannes Gutenberg University Mats, both in Germany, observe supeconductivityat-70*Cinasa ple hydrogen ralph abet st DresuesofsboutS0GPs Pour year Inter, Eremet’ team and group le by Russel Hemsley {George Washington Uierty i the US reported spereonductety temperatures upto aboat 20°C at Simiarhigh presturesTheninOcto ter2000 Datandcaleuescltimed nthe urna Note a have don fred spercondactvity at's baly 15°Cinshydrognsulphide mate Dias paper hit the hele and veaneetlae by Pie Words Breakthrough ofthe Year fo 2020 The spereondactor was made by sudingcarbonobyarogen suphide tnd then eqaceing the sample to 220GPe, Dissent founda mas ‘mum superconducting tenperture ‘of 15*C ocuringatabout 260s. Bat concerns were ase ove the finding. andthe paper was be qe retracted a Sptrer 2022 Byediors at Nature, However, Dat tnd oleagues malntaln that they and ty thee rete Indeed, Die Says tn the 2020 paper has since been resubmitted fo Nature ith ee dl tha, they lam, aidate thecarler wore ih pos Now, Lis and collegues are back Sith anemia done that ‘percent oom temperature tinder ks presse than previo ‘fos, Dia tenn eented from 2 gascos mixture of 99% byrogen {sk trogen that yes ploced ia texctlon chamber wthe presume ff att. The components were Tero weact fora couple of day at out 20°C The sesling latta-iteogen hydrogen compound was intially a Woe clr Bt the spe armed pink ast was put under presure, ‘nth change of ea canelding Wh the onset of upecondactvity statemperatre of 102°C and prev Survoft5GPs When the researchers compres the sample to stl higher fren they observed a maxima Spercasiucting tans enpers fare of 30 ta presse of 1GPa Uhehigestvalueererrecordedatach low resure. ventaly, when the material was competed beyond 1GPa the ton gn Desand sample became non supercondset ngogin ands colour wet ight red as tured Into metal. Given the contioveril ature of their previo wor he eam made ar Sas esucemcat to show that he pase was indeed superconducting ts parle they recorded the cle rea resstance showing doped tozroatthetrnastionempertre The rettchere als estore ie magnetic suscepti, observing {hat the materi expelled magnetic ‘eins which another charac teristic of superconductor. aly, they metaured the specie hens ‘ehich alto showed a characteristic ‘sponse athe Henin fempere ture While the resatcher casted fut Xray seatering to determine Uhecrystllographicstractare of the sample, they could not determine the preci lation ofthe hyrogen tnd niuogen stom, which could be revolved via neatron scattering In Fite ties, Eremet, who was not avoled in ‘henew works ld Pye Worlhat the mpeteonductivty seme to be “proven comprehensive yee

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