—Ou_ Þkh jYfhka fkdñ<fha fnod §u msKi

s hs'˜

Yu: úoY_kd
Ndjkd ud._h
w;s.re mQckSh mKaä;
ud;r isß {dKdrdudNsOdk ufydamdOHdh
udysñmdKka jykafia

whs;sh
ó;sß., ksiairK jkh ixrCIK uKav,h

i;rjk uqøKh
Y%S' nq' j' 2556 jH' j' 2013

,s ;s r
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ix{dmkh ^m%:u uqøKh& ye|skaùu ¸¸

ix{dmkh ^f;jk uqøKh& ¹¸¸
m%ia:djkdj ¸º
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Ydik iïm;a;sh iy ËK iïm;a;sh 1

NdjkdrïNh 45
OHdk Ndjkd iy ud¾. Ndjkd 75
úo¾Ykd ldKavh 143
úo¾Ykd {dk 157
ksjk 172
.egmo ud,dj 198
 i ii
kfud ;ii N.jf;da wryf;d iuud iunqoOii
1' ;Kyd i,,iiyk;drx - nqoOummámq..,x
wyx jfJo uydùrx - nqoOudÈpp nJOqkx
2' hx lfrdufi n%yuqfkd- iux fofjys udßi
;occ;=hyx lßiidu - yJoidux lfrdu f;
3' Fjfuj wdis iunqfoOd - ;=jx iF:d wkqF;frd
ifojliñx f,dliñx - kF:sf; mámq..f,d;s
1' ;DIa K d keue;s yq < Wÿrd y< wiudk mq o a . , jQ
p;=iai;Hhka ij a hïN+ ×kfhka wjfndaO l< uydùr
jQ iQ¾hnkaOq jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafiag uu kuialdr
lrñ'
2' ksÿldKka jykai foúhka iu. wms hï ie,els,,
a la
n%yu
a hdg lruq o wo th Tn jykafiag lrkafkuq'
tfyhska th Tn jykafiag lruq'
3' iajdóks Nd.Hj;=kajykai Tn jykafia u ish,a,
uekeúka o;a fial' Tn jykafia u W;=ï Ydia;DDka
jyka f ia jk fia l ' foúhka iys ; f,dal fhys
Tn jykafiag iudk mqoa.,fhla ke;af;a h'
ix{dmkh ^m%:u uqøKh&
ye¢kaùu
Yu: Ndjkd iy úo¾Ykd Ndjkd l%uh ms<n
s | b;du;a wdjHl
jQ Wmfoia fm<la myod fok fï .%ka:h —Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd
ud¾.h˜ kï fõ'
.%ka: ;;a;ajh(
kSjrK§ m%;Hksl Wmlaf,aYhka ojk-;jk-Wm;dmkh lrk-
ixis÷jk Ñ;a;Ndjkdj Yu:h hs' iïuq;h s ì| iEu wruqKlu
we;s kdurEm-ia l ka O -wdh;k-Od;= - i;H-m% ; S ; Hiuq ; a m dod È
mrud¾:hka iy wks;H-ÿlaL-wkd;au,laIK;%h o úúOdldrfhka
úfYaIdldrfhka olakd jQ m%{d Ndjkdj úo¾Ykdjhs'
Yu:fhka Ñ;a f f;ld.% ; dj;a úo¾Ykdfjka hd:dN+ ;
{kdo¾Ykh;a Wmojd .ekS f ï Wmdh u¾.h fï Ndjkd
.%ka:fhka u;=fldg fokq ,efí';%sfya;=l m%;sikaêhla we;sj
cd;sm%{dfjka iukaú; jQ iir Nh olakd jQ keKj;a flkl=ka
yg isysh;a- úhœh;a-kqjK;a fmrgqfldg isjq msßiqÿ iS,fhys
msysgd" Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd jeãfuka u ud¾. M, yd wixL;
Od;= ixLHd; ks¾jdK Od;=j m%;HË lr.; yels jkafkah'
w;Hq;a;u jQ Ydka; mo ks¾jdKhg iem;aùfï wkqmQ¾j m%;sm;a;s
l%uh id¾:l f,i wkq.ukh lsÍug ld,HdKñ;% iïm;a;sh
taldka;fhka u wdjYHl jkafkah'
ful, Ndjkd jeäfï wNs,dIh we;a;jqka ojiska oji jeä
jk nj fmfkkakg ;sfí' Ndjkdfjka wOHd;añl ika;dkhg
 iii
,efnk ksrdñI jQ f,djq;=re iqjh .ek fndfyda fokdg jegyS
we;' i|uv, f;la wjldYh ;rKh l< kuq;a thska fkd,o
yels f,djq;=re wud iqjhla Ndjkdfjka ,o yels nj we;eï ngysr
mçjrhka mjd ms<f s .k we;af;ah' Ndjkdj .ek fu;rï Wkkaÿjla
we;sùug th o tl fya;=fjls' idïmrdhsl jYfhka mrf,dj §
muKla fkdj" idkaoDIaál jYfhka fuf,dj§ u wOHd;añl jQ
iekis,a, w;alr .ekSug jer jvk ksiairKdOHdYh we;s
fhda.djprhkg ksjka u. myod fokq ms‚i u fï —Yu: úo¾Ykd
Ndjkd ud¾.h˜ kue;s .%ka:h iïmokh lr we;af;ah'
iïmdolhka jykafia"
ó;sß., ksiairKjkh wdrKH fiakdikdêm;s m%Odk
l¾uia:dkdpdhœ w;s mQcH mKaä; ud;r › {dkdrdudNsOdk
ufydamdOHdh iajdókaøhka jykafia fï Ndjkd .%ka:fha l¾;Dka
jykafia fj;s' jHjydr j¾I 1951 cqks 18 fjks Èkg fh§ ;snqKq
fmdfidka mqr mif<diajl fmdfydaa Èk iïnqoaOYdikh /l .ekSu
ms ‚ i u w;s mQ c H rdclS h mKa ä ; lvjeoa ÿ fõ › ðkjxY
iajdókaøhka jyiafia úiska iudríO › l,HdKS fhda.dY%u ixia:dfõ
m%Odkdpd¾h ix> ms;DDkajykafia njg m;a lr.kq ,enqfha o fuu
iïNdjkS h ufyda m dOHhka jyka a f ia h ' Ñrrd;% { w;s mQ c H
ufydamdOHdhka jykafia jkdys › ,xld rdud[a[ uydksldfha
m% : u i[a [ df,a L ldpßh ufyda m dOHdh w;s mQ c H ud;f,a
w.a.Oïud,xldr uyd iajdñmdohka jykafiaf.a w;s fY%IaG;u
YsIH r;akfhls' › ,xld rdu[a[ uyd ksldfha ysgmq wêlrK
kdhl OQrkaOr ;%smsgl jd.SYajrdpdhœ w;s mQcH rdclSh mKaä;
uq,af,a.u › iS,d,xldr uyd iajdñmdohka jykafiaf.a woaú;Sh
O¾udkaf;ajdiS YsIHr;akfhls' i¾j{ foaYs; úkh iQ;% wNsO¾u
msgl;%h ms<n
s | l=Yd.% nqoê
a uf;ls' t¿-u.O-il= wE NdIdjka ms<n
s |
yd b;sydi mqrdúoHd ;¾l kHdh" ldjH Pkafod,xldr úIhhkays
o iajiuh iuhdka;rhkays o f;rm;a úYo {dkm%Ndfhka m%Ndú;
w;s W;a;u nqoaêuf;ls'
iv
§¾>ld,Sk wdrKH jdifhka ldh úfõlh yd Ñ;a; úfõlh
j<|k W;a;uhdKka jykafia kuls' Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ms<sn|
úfYaI w;aoelSï iys;j l¾uia:dk Ndjkd mqyqKq lrjk w;s ÿ¾,N
l¾uia:dkdpdhœhka jykafia kfuls' YS,d§ .=Kfhka m%shjQ o"
tfia fyhska u .re iïNdjkSh jQ o" wjjdo wkqYdikd fokakd jQ
o" kmqre jpk bjik iq¿ jQ o" .eUqre oyï meyeÈ,s lr fokakd
jQ o" wia:dkfhys fkdfhdojd ks¾jdK ud¾.fhysu fhdojkakd jQ
o fY%aIaG;u l,HdK ñ;%hka jykafia kfuls'
fmd; ieliqKq whqre(
fï wd;a u Ndfjfha §u OHdk-wNs { d-ud¾.-M, Wmojd
ks¾jdKhg meñKSfï W;a;udOHdYh we;a;d jQ fhda.djprhka
jykafia,d Wfoid u jHjydr j¾I 1967 § m%isoaO fj<| jHdmdßl
wfYdal ùrr;ak uy;d ^miqj mQcH ó;sß., Oïuksika;s ysñ& úiska
wdrïNfldg mj;ajkq ,nk zó;sß., ksiairKjkhZ wrKH
fiakdikfha m%Odk l¾uia:dkdpdrhœ ufydamdOHdh w;smQcH
mKaä; ud;r isß [dKdrdudNsOdk udysñmdKka jykafia w;ska
iïmdÈ; fï Ndjkd .%ka:h jkdys NdjkdNs,dIS fhda.djpr
ieufokd yg u i|ysre .uka.;a .=jka;,h fia Ndjkd ud¾.h
w;sYhska msßiqÿj meyeÈ,s lrkafkah'
jHjydr j¾I 1981 foieïn¾ ui 11 fjksodg w;smcQ H ó;sß.,
ufydamdOHdh udysñhka jykafiag iu wiQúh imsÍu ksñ;af;ka
1981 wf.daia;= ui 30 fjksod mgka fkdjeïn¾ ui 15 fjksod
f;la i;s wka ; fha bre Èkhka y s ó;s ß ., ks i a i rKjkh
fiakdikfha § w;sYhska úis;=re jQ fi;a me;Sfï mskalï fm<la
mj;ajkq ,eîh' úfõl iqjfhka Ndjkdkqfhda.Sj .; lrk
fhda.djrhka jykafiaa,dg ìkaÿud;%hl=ÿ m<sfndaOhla fkdjk
f,i › l,HdKS fhda.dY%óh wdrKH yd úfjl fiakdik ish,a,
u ksfhdackh jk mßÈ mj;ajkq ,enQ ta mskalï fm< w;sYhska u
wdo¾Y iïmkak úh' ta úis;=re fi;a me;Sfï wisßu;a mskalï
 v vi
fm< ms<n
s | isyj
s gkhla jYfhka w;s mQcH ufydamdOHdhka jykafia
w;ska iïmdÈ; úúOdldr" Ydia;%Sh O¾u .%ka:-,sms f,aLk-.d:d-
ldjH Yaf,dal ksnkaO rdYshla tla;eka fldg úfYaI .%ka:hla
uqøKh lrjd Wmydr cQcdjla meje;aùug fhdackd flf<uq' w;smcQ H
ufydamdOHdhhka jykafiaf.a ldre‚l wjirh o b;d wmyiqfjka
,nd .;suq'
hf:dla; ldrKh ms<sn| id;sYh m%fudaohg m;a wiauodpdhH_
w;smQcH rdclSh mKaä; lvjeoa¥fõ › ðkjxY iajdókaøhka
jykafia ,sms f,aLKdÈh imhd §fuka wmj Èß .ekqjqy' w;smQcH
;%smsgl jd.SYajrdpdhœ úoHdúidro rdclSh mKaä; b÷refõ ›
W;a;rdkkaodNsOdk › ,xld rdu[a[ uyd ksldfha uydkdhl
udysñhka jykafia o oyila Ydiksl lghq;= uOHfha w;smQcH
ufydamdOHdh udysñhka jykafiaf.a Ôjk pß;h úoydmdk
ukialdka; m%ia:djkdjla iïmdokh l<y'
.%ka:fha jev lghq;= ksujd uqøKhg §ug b;du;a wdikakj
;sìh§ mejeÈ .sys fhda.djprhkaf.a m%fhdackh msKsi wjYH u
jkajd jQ —Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkdud¾.h˜ m<uq jrg uqøKh lrúh
hq;h
= hkq w;smcQ H ufydamdOHh udysñhka jykafiaf.a n,j;a woyi
úh' tneúka hg i|yka Ydia;S%h O¾u .%ka: u;=jg ;nd fuu
Ndjkd .%ka:h m<uqfjka uqøKh lrùug bÈßm;a jQ nj" ta i|yd
uy;a Wkkaÿfjka iydh ÿka mejeÈ .sys i;amqreI uKav,hg
lD;{;d mQ¾jlj b;d ie,ls,af,ka isysm;a lrjuq'
fuu Ndjkd Wmfoia ms < s n | .% k a : h jkdys w;s m Q c H
ufydamdOHdhka jykafiaf.a igyka fmd;aj, jßka jr igyka
lrk ,o lrKq" Ndjkd ms<sn| ,shd ;nk ,o úfYaI ,sms" lugyka
jvk fhda.djprhka Wfoid ms<sfj<ska fok ,o wjjdo wkqYdikd
yd ;uka jykafia u ,;a w;aoelSï wd§ lrKq rdYshl tl;=fjls'
Ndjkd lsÍfï wjYH;dj" Ndjkd fkdjeãfï fya;=" .=rEmfoaY
rys;j Ndjkd lsÍfuka fkduÕ hdu yd w;rux ùu wdÈh ms<sn|
w;sYhska jeo.;a lrKq /ila bÈßm;a lrñka Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd
jeãfï wdrïNfha mgka u.-m,-ksjk-m,iuj;a iqjh f;la
b;du;a wjYH Wmfoia uÕ meyeÈ,s lrñka iïmdokh lr ;sfí'
óg jir lSmhlg fmr w;s mQcH ufydamdOHdh udysñhka
jykafia w;ska iïmdÈ; —úo¾Ykd {dk yd ima;úiqoê a h˜ kue;s
Ndjkd .%k: a h W.;a nyqYe% ; fhda.djprhgk iy fndfyda l,la
Ndjkd mqreÿ l< fhda.djprhkg o uy¾> yia; idr jia;j = la njg
m;aúh' Ndjkd lsÍug mgka .kakd wdÈld¾ñl fhda.djprhkaf.a
mgka Ndjkd m%.K = l< W.;a nyqYe% ; fhda.djprhka olajd iEu
fokdg u fï Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.h w;sYhska m%fhdackj;a
jkafkah' Ndjkd iqj| Tiafia tk fmr-wmr foÈ. úfoaYSh
fhda.djprhkg o m%fhdackj;a f,i fï .%k: a h bx.%i
S s NdIdfjka o
uqøKh lrùug jeäl,a .; fkdfõjd' OHdk úo¾Ykd l%uh b;du;a
mq¿,a f,iska olajk úY=oê
a ud¾. .%k:a h mßYS,kh lsÍfuka ,nd.;
hq ; = jk Ndjkd l% u h ms < s n | wjfnda O h fï .% k a : fhka
fhda.djprhkg ,eìh yels jkq tldka;h' th tfiau fõjd'
WmldrdkqiauD;s(
úúO Ydia;%sh úIhka ys m%ùK tfy;a wo fhda.S ðú; .;
lrk we;eï fhda.djprhka jykafia,d ish úfõlh o /lf.k
fuu udyeÕs l¾;jHh ioyd ,sms fldmslr Èfuka yd ghsma lr
§fuka o úfYaI Wmfoia §fuka o iydh jQ nj lD;{;d mQ¾jlj
i|yka lrïy'
úfYaIfhka mq¾fjdala; uyd .%ka:h iïmdokh lsÍu i|yd
,sms f,aLk iemhsfuka yd wjYH lvodis wd§ yeu WmlrKhla u
l,g fõ,djg iemhSfuka ñ;sß., ksiairK jkh ixrlaIK
uKav,h iydh jQ nj isyms ;a lrk w;r ta mskj
a ;ayq o ;u ;ukaf.a
ish¨ me;=ï imqrd f.k wuduy ksjkska iekfi;ajd'
fï Ndjkd .%ka:h uqøKh lrjd O¾uodk jYfhka fnod§ug
buy;a Y%oaOdfjka Nla;sfhka bÈßm;a jQ fld<U 5" WoHdk mdf¾"
 vii viii

.egmo ud,djla o iys;j fojk uqøKh 1988 jI_fha§ kS,U —fidaNk f,i fmd; uqøKh l< YsËd ukaÈr m%ldYk wdh;kfha
Ndjkd uOHia:dkfha Ô' iurr;ak uy;d úiska m%ldYhg m;alrkakg ieug;a f;rejka irKska .=K kqjKsk"a Ok OdkHfhka" hi biqßka
fhÿks' yd iem iïm;ska ;j ;j;a ÈhqKjq w;afõjd˜hs wdYsxikh lrñ'
w;s.re mQckSh ufydamdOHdh udysñmdKka jykafia ðjudk iïnqoaO Ydikhg kj Ôjhla f.dvkxjd wmj;a ù jÞ<
ld,fha § u fojrla uqøKh jQ fuu .%J:h udysñmdKka jykafiaf.a w;s.re mQckSh mKaä; ud;r › {dkdrdudNsOdk ufydamdOHdh
wjOdkhg ;j ;j;a fhduqúh' fï f;jeks uqøKfha § udysñmdKka udysñmdKka jyiafiaf.a iuHla m%d¾:kd ish,a, iuDoaO ù m%d¾:kSh
jykafia mßYS,kh l< fm!oa.,sl msgmf;ys i|ykaj we;s ixfYdaOk W;=ï fndaê {dkfhka Ydka;s ,ËK wuD; uyd ksj_dK Od;=j
o we;=<;a fldg we;' tldka;fhka iqjfia idËd;a fõjdæ
iQ hYia:du mqKH iDoaê m%{d uyka;;dfjka w.;ekam;a
oYn,Odß i¾j{ rdfcda;; a uhka jykafiaf.a mjd wdhqI f.ù msßksùu
fuhg fu;e;s
iajNdj O¾uhls' tfia kï ljr ixialdrhla iÞl,a mj;afka o@
ke;' wfma w;s.re mQckSh ufydamdOHdhka jykafia o mqrd wjqreÿ kdWhfka wßhOïu ia:úr
91la wdhq j<Þ 1992 wfm%,a 30 jeksod if;da iïmc[a[ldÍj .=KjO_k fhda.dY%u uOHia:dkh"
isyskqj‚ka fh§ wmj;a jQ fial' wfydaæ ish¨ ixialdrfhda .,a¥j" lyj'
wks;Hfhdah" ÿlaLfhdah" ish¨ O¾ufhda wkd;aufhdah' udysñmdKka 2537 - 1994'05'07
jykafia ;ju;a ðjudkj jev isákakd fia foaYkd l<" /ia l<
O¾uh yd .=K O¾u iïNdrh wo;a tfiau mj;S'
w;s.re mQckSh ufydamdOHdh uydñmdKka jykafiaf.a YS,d§
wkq;; a r .=K úfYaIfhys ,d w;sYhska m%idohg m;aj" jI_ .Kkdjla
;siafia ó;sß., ksiairK jk fikiqfkys uyd ix>r;akfha
mßyrKh i|yd uydmßudKfha T!IO mQcdjla mj;ajk f,da¨jdf.dv
iy wegfò" ó;sß., ksii a rK jkh odk Wmia:dhl iñ;sh u.ska
f;jk jrg fuu Ndjkd .%J:h úYd, uqo,la jehfldg O¾uÞkh
msKi s uqøKh lrkq ,nkafka T!IO mqcdj;a iu. O¾fu!IO mqcduh
mqKH iïNdr ,dNh w;am;a lr .ekSu;a wmj;a ù jÞ< w;s.re
mQ c kS h ufyda m dOHdh udys ñ mKka jyka f ia f .a › kduhg
f.!rfjdamydr mqcd msKi s ;ah' tu i;amr q eI Þhl uKav,hg ;j
;j;a O¾u {dk Ndjkd {dk uqÿkam;a ù me;+ W;=ï fndaêfhlska
Ydka;s ,ËK wuD; uyd ks¾jdK Od;=j tldka;fhka iqjfiau
idËd;a fõjdæ
 ix
m%ia;djkdj
kfud ;ii N.jf;d wryf;d iuud iunqoOii
nqoafOd;amdoh jeks W;=ï ld,hla ,nd.;a ;eke;a;d úiska
lr .; hq;= kshu mskalu Ndjkdj hs' tfyhska u fï ld,fha
Ndjkdj .ek fkdfhla úêfha l:d;a úis;=re is;sú,s;a meje;aùu
w;sYhska iqÿiq fia i,luq' Ndjkdj jeks ksrdñI mskalïj,g is;
kefukafka o n,j;a Wmldrl m%;Hkaf.a fufyhsfulsks' th o
w;sYh ÿ¾,N isÿùfuls' tfyhska uyckhd ;=< mj;akd ta fyd|
jdikdj;a yeÕSu ì| oeóug fyda hgm;a lsÍug W;aidy l< hq;=
fkd fõ' th jefvk f,ig l:d l< hq;=hs'
Ndjkdj kï —is; ls,á s lrkd rd.dÈ mõ kikd is;ú s ,sZZ nj
me/Ks W.;=ka mejeiQy' rd." oafõI" fudy" uoudk" ud;ai¾hdÈ
flf,iqka ksid is; flf,fik ieá Tng m%;HlaI úh hq;= h'
l=Kfq .dfâ iajNdjh ;udf.a wmsßisÿlu /l .ksñka ;ud jik
;ek o l=Kq ÿ.| njg yerùu h' thska ta ia:dkh krlg yeÍu
iu. u krl úmdl i,id,Su o lrk nj m%ios O a h' rd.dÈ mõj,
ieá o tfia h' thska fkd lsh yels ;rï krl úmdl /ila ie,efihs'
fï .;sh kik is;ú = ,s Ndjkd hehs Tjqka lS ieá lÈu h' mõ
kikd is;ú s ,sj, ;j o Yla;f s hla fjhs' tkï l=i,a my< lrkd
ieáh hs' is;ú s ,af,lska mõ kefikafka tys my< lr.;a l=i,
n,fõ.fhks' tfyhska Ndjkdfõ § isÿúh hq;f a ;a wNHka;rfhys
l=Y, n,fõ.h n,j;a ùu hs' l=i,a w;ska is; ÈhqKj q g m;aùu hs'
wl=i,a fyda l=i,a fyda fkd is;d kslïu is; ;nd .ekSu
Ndjkdfjla fkd fõ hhs lsh hq;f a ;a fï ldrKh wkqj h' Ndjkdjl
§ my< lefrk l=i,a ljf¾oehs kshu wkaoñka Ndjkdj lrkakl=g
úi|d §ug yels úh hq;=h' Ndjkdjla lrf.k hk l,ays fjk;a
x
l=Y,hlg is; fkd kefuf;d;a" Tyq Ndjkd lrkakl= fia .Kka
fkd .; uekú'
oeka fï l:d w;rg —fï ld,fha Ndjkdfjlska OHdkhla"
ud¾.hla ,efnkafka ke;'˜ hk l:dj o bÈßhg ths' Ndjkd
lrk mlaIfhka fuhg fyd¢ka ms<s;=re imhd we;s nj oksuq'
Ndjkdjla l< ;rñka OHdkdÈhla ,eìh fkd yels nj ienEh'
OHdkdÈ O¾uhka wruqKq lsßug ;rï hful=f.a isf;a {dk Yla;sh
ke;akï Tyq tajd tys my< lr.kafka flfiao@
Ndjkdjl m%;sM, jkdys lSm wdldrfhlska i,ld .kakg
mq¿jk' l%udkql,+ j Ndjkdjla mj;ajf;d;a" Tyqg Ñ;af;l.a.;djh
fkd ,eî hkafka ke;' ta Ñ;af;al.a.;dfõ n,fhka Tyqg ta
<Õ§ u ms ß is ÿ yeÕS u la " is f ;a lfha n,hla yd ika i s £ ula
taldka;fhka ,efnkjd we;' tys úmdlh o ldudjpr jYfhka
w;s úYd, h' fojk f;jk wd;au Ndjhkays § WÞr úmdlhka
thska ie,efikq we;' Ndjkdjla ke;s je kslï l,a f.jkakd
yg fï jdish ,efnkafka ke;' l%udkql+, je Wmfoia ,ndf.k
Ydka; mßirhl n,j;afia Pkaoh msyg s j
q d f.k Ndjkdjl fhfok
;%sfya;=l NdjH mqoa,hl= yg OHdkdÈhla fkd ,efí hhs lSu
ðkpl%hg myr §fuls' thska Tyqf.a is; ÿisß;g fm<fUhs' Tyqf.a
l:dj;a l,amkdj;a is;;a ñÉPdjdpd" ñÉPdixlmam" ñÉPdÈÜÀ jk
fyhska Tyqg fï iïudiïnqoaO idikfhka msysfgla o fkd ,efíh
hk nj úfYaIfhka i,ld .; hq;=hs'
Ndjkdfõ ud¾.h kï m%Odk jYfhka lh;a is;;a iqÿiq
wkaoñka ;nd .ekSfï ikaiqka jev ms<sfj< hs' ta i|yd wjYH
jk lreKq /fils' Ydka; jQ úfõlj;a mßirlhla fidhd .ekSu"
ÖjrdÈ mßialdrhka msßisÿj ;nd .ekSu" wêIaGdkfhka iudÞk
lr.;a YS,h" miq;eú,a,g fya;= jerÈj,ska f;dr ùu" bJøsh oukh"
fkd miqng ù¾hHh" Pkaoh" r;ak;% .; Nla;sh" iyc{dkh"
i;siïmc[a[h hk fï .=Khka uekeúka ÈhqKqjg m;a lr.;
 xi
hq;= fj;s' jHdhdu iD;= fiajkÈfhka yd m:H ñ;%dydr .eksfuka
o ksfrda.S;dj /l .; hq;= h'
ó<Õg kshu l%uhla wkqj is; mj;ajd f.k hdfï WÞr
ldhœh .ek is;d n,uq' is; tlu wruqKq fldgfil ;nd .ekSu
Ndjkdfõ uq,hs' fï .kakd wruqK u .ek is; fhdoñka thska
my< jk ÈhqKq jQ ksñ;a;drïuKh j¾Okfhka tys m%:udÈ OHdk
is;a my< lr.ekSu Yu: Ndjkdfõ m%;s:,h hs' kSjrKdÈkaf.a
ikais£u fuys§ is;a mrmqrg ie,efik fhdao iekeis,af,ls' thska
Tyqg fï Ôú;fha § u flf,iqka bj;a lr .;a is;ska iemj;a Èú
meje;afula ie,efikafkah' fuh Èú fl<jrf;la /l .;af;d;a
Tyqg nU f,dje Wm; o fkd jrÈkafka h' hïlsis úÈfhlska
wka;su olajd ta .=Kh /l .; fkdyels ù kï" Wmojd.;a .=Kfha
ldudjpr úmdl n,h fkdjer§ fojk ;=kajk wd§ Njhkays § ú|
.ekSug ,eìh yels úh hq;=h'
ta Ndjkdj wks;HdÈ ,laIK ;=k wkqj m[apialkaOhka
ms<sn|j ie,elSu" úueiSu" kqj‚ka oelSu isÿ ùfï § thg úo¾Ykd
hhs lshkq ,efí' fï úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ o úmdl M,fhda f,!lsl
f,dfld;a;r jYfhka fohdldrfhlska ,efnkakdy' úo¾Ykd
Ndjkdj kshu jYfhka ksjka mila lr.ekSu i|yd u lrkq
,efí' ksjka i|yd jQ fï Ndjkdj fndfyda l,la yqremqreÿ l<
hq;= h' —l;dêldr WmksiihiumJk˜ hhs lshkq ,nkafka fufia
mqreÿ l< mqoa.,hka i|yd h' fufia fï úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj fn!oaO
yeu fokd úiska u mqreÿ l< hq;= m%Odk jevla nj o; hq;= h'
fï Ndjkd fofla § u uq,e § fï lreKq ál i,lkak'
1' YS,h msßisÿj ;nd .ekSu 6 l=vd m<sfndaO bj;a lr .ekSu'
2' oi m<sfndaOhkaf.ka fjkaùu 7' iïmkakÊ®dih;dj'
3' l<K ñ;=rl= fidhd .ekSu 8' fkdmiqniakd úßh'
4' l¾uia:dkhla W.ekau 9 ioaOd ixfõ.hka my< lr.ekSu
5' iqÿiq fikiqkla fidhd.ekSu 10 Ôú; mß;Hd.fhka tys fh§u
xii
nqoaOdkqiai;s Ndjkd" fu;a;d Ndjkd" ldh.;d i;s Ndjkd"
urKdkqiai;s Ndjkd hk fï Ndjkd i;r weiqfrka Ñ;a; oukh"
Ñ;a; iu:h i,id .; hq;= h' ta wkqj is; ;=< ks;r n,mj;akd
we,Sï" .eàï wdÈh ikais÷jd .; yels fjkjd we;' fïjd ikais÷jd
.ekSug kï tys wd§kjh fyda málal=,Ndjh fyda fyd¢ka i,ld
n,d th ÿr,Sug is; fhÈh hq;=h' fufia fkdù kï" Ndjkdj"
lrf.k hk wjia:dfjys § w;ßka m;r fï flf,ia my< ùfuka
Ndjkdj kj;skakg bv ;sfí'
fufia is; ilia lrf.k" O¾u mlaIfhys m%fndaOh;a wO¾u
mlaIfhys yels<su;a Tfí isf;a oeyeñ n,h ;rfldg .;a ;;a;ajh
úh hq;= h'
úfYaIfhka fuys my; i|yka wÊ®dih IÜlh foi kqjK
fhdokak(
P wc®dihd fndêiF;d fndêmßmdldh ixjF;J;s(
1' fkCLuuc®dihd fndêiF;d$ldfu$>rdjdfi fodi oiidúfkd
2' wf,dNc®dihd fndêiF;d f,dfN fodi oiidúfkd'
3' wfodic®dihd fndêiF;d fodfi fodi oiidúfkd'
4' wfudyc®dihd fndêiF;d fudfy fodi oiidúfkd'
5' múfjlc®dihd fndêiF;d iX.Ksldh fodi oiidúfkd'
6' ksiirKc®dihd fndêiF;d innNj.;siq fodi oiidúfkdZ;s'
wOHdih ifhlska iukaú; fndêi;a;ajfhda f,daflda;a;r
ud¾. {dkh uqyqlsÍu i|yd mj;skakd y' Tjqyq fufia fj;s'
1 m[apldufhys fyda .sys je úiSfuys fodia olakd fndai;ayq
fklaLïufhys woyia we;a;dyq fj;s'
2' f,daNfhys fodia olakd fndai;ayq wf,daN woyia we;a;dyq fj;s'
3' oafõIfhys fodia olakd fndai;ayq woafõI woyia we;a;dyq fj;s'
4' fudayfhys fodia olakd fndai;ayq wfuday woyia we;a;dyq fj;s'
 xii
5' iÙ.Ksldfhys fodia olakd fndai;ayq múfõl woyia we;a;dyq
fj;s'
6' ;=kajeoEreï Njhkays m[ap úO .;Ska ys fodia olakd fndai;ayq
ksiairKh ms<sn| woyia we;a;dyq fj;s'
Ndjkdfõ h:d¾:h fï woyia ih imqrd .ekSu h' ta fyhska
tys fhfokakd fuys oelajQ woyia ifhys iaÓr je msysgd tys fhÈh
hq;= h' fuh fkdi,ld yer ndysr jQ woyila fyda woyia lSmhla
uqÿka m;a lr .ekSfï woyiska Ndjkdfõ fhfof;d;a thska Tyq
mSvdjg m;a ùug bv ;sfí' Tyqf.a is; o yex.S .kakjd we;' ksis
mßÈ mj;ajd .; fkdfyhs' we;ï úg thska je/È f,iska Ndjkd
ld¾hh .ek yeÕSï my< lr .ekSug o fya;= fjkjd we;' thska
fof,dúka u msßySu isÿfjhs'
Ndjkdfõ fhfokakd m;srEm foaYh uekúka f;areï f.k
tys wNsreÑh mj;ajd .; hq;= h' l<K ñ;=rka fyd¢ka y÷kdf.k
tn÷ W;=uka wdorfhka weiqre lsÍug mqreÿ úh hq;=hs' wfhdaksfida
ukisldrh;a tys fhokakjqkq;a ishqï f,i f;areï f.k ta
fofldgi u jiúila fia ÿre l< hq;= h' fhdaksfida ukisldrh;a
thska hq;a mqoa.,hkq;a .re jYfhka weiqfrys ;nd.; hq;= h'
f,daNh" oafõIh" fudayh" udkh" BIH_dj" ud;aihH_h hk
fï laf,aYhka yßyeáhg f;areï .kak' fïjdg hg jQ is; w÷re
h' kqjK u;=ùug tys bv lv ke;' fïjdg hg ù" jia;= ;;a;ajh
f;areï .; fkd yelsj" b÷rka mskjkakg hkakd úm;a uÕl
.uka flfrhs' Tyqg iekeis,a, wE;h' fï mqreÿ n,mEfuka
fkdis ; + wka o fï úm;a j ,g uÕ mEfohs ' jydu fhda k s f ida
ukisldrh Wmojd .kak'
fï Ndjkd WmfoaYhka fuys leá fldg olajkq ,nkafka
fkdfhla úg my< jQ fkdfhla úÈfha w;aoelSï wkqj h' tfyhska
uq,ska i|yka lrk ,oao h<s;a i|yka ùug o bv ;sfí' tfia u tl
u woyi fo úÈfhlska bÈßm;a ùug o bv ;sfí' uq, § i|yka l<
xiii
hq;a; miqjg;a miqj i|yka l< hq;a; uq,g;a fh§ ;sfnkakg bv
;sfí'
fuys 108 fjks msgqfjys úo¾Ykd ;=ka j¾.hla olajk ,oafoa
idudkH l%uh i,ldf.kh' úfYaI jYfhka ;j;a l%u folla o
oelaúh yelsh'
—úmiikd p ;súOd" úmiil mq.., fNfok" uydfndêiF;dk[p
mpfpl fndêiF;dk[p úmiikd ÑJ;duh[dK ixjoê;d
ihuN+[dK N+;d' b;frix iq;uh[dK ixjoê;d" mfrdmfoi
iuN+;d kdu'˜ ^§>ksldh àld$192&
úo¾Ykdfõ fhfok mqoa.,hkaf.a m%fNaoh wkqj úo¾Ykdj
;=ka jeoEreï fjhs' uydfndaêi;a;ajjrekaf.a úo¾Ykdj" mÉfpl
fndaêi;a;ajjrekaf.a úo¾Ykdj" fiiq Y%djl fndaêi;a;ajjrekaf.a
úo¾Ykdj hkqfjks' fuys olajk ,oafoa Y%djlfndaêi;a;aj-
jrekaf.a;a uq,a fomlaIfha;a idOdrK j ,efnk l%uhka nj
ie,elsh hq;=h'
úiqoaêu.a.fha¦
wdjdfid p l=,x ,dfNd .fKd luu[p m[pux
woOdkx [d;s wdndfOd .fJ: boë;s f; oi˜ hhs
m,sfndaO 10 la fmkakd tys b;d meyeÈ,s újrKhla o fmkakQ
nj m%isoaO h' fuys boaê m,sfndaOh fjkqjg ls;a;s m,sfndaOh
nqoaolmdGÜG l:dfõ tkafka tla;rd úu¾Ykhla u; úh hq;= h'
úiqoaêu.a.fha u w. §"
—id mk úmiikdh m,sfndfOd fyd;s" k mk iudêii' iudêx
mFjd mF;nnf;d" ;iud úmiikFÓflk boêm,s f ndfOd
WmpðJÈ;fnnd" b;frk wjfiid˜
hs th ish úuiqug Ndckh lrk ,§'
fï lshk ,o m,sfndaO oyh ms<sn| l:dj fmf<ys ms<sfj<ska
olakg fkd ,enqfKa h' pQ,ksoafoifha 484 fjks msgqfõ
 vi
wxl 12" ksjeis Ydik ysff;IS ieoeyej;a fyaud fm%u a odi fn!oaO
ufydamdisld ud;dj iys; ore msßi .ek úfYaIfhka lD;{;d mQ¾jlj
mskf
a ok w;r f;rejka irKska ta ieug u wdhqrdfrda.H iïm;a yd
Ydka; ks¾jdK iïm;a w;afõjd hs b;is;k s a m%d¾:kd lruq' fï
Ndjkd .%k:a h ixialrKfha § kkaf,iska Wmldr jQ ysff;Is iEu
fokdg;a fYdaNk f,i uqøKh lr jQ ;sir uqøKd,fha wOHCI;=ud
we;=¿ ld¾hh uKav,hg;a wfma wjxl ia;; = hs ysñ fõ'
wmf.a úfYaI m%d¾:kh(
› iïqnoaO Ydikfha h:d¾:h w;alr .ekSfï Ndjkd ud¾.h
t<soelaùfuka Wodr;u YdikdrlaIdj i<id jodrK Ñrka;k
Ndjkd l¾uia:dk Ndú;fhka mßNs; ika;dk we;s w;s ÿ¾,N
.Kfha Ydik NdrOdß Ñrrd;%{ ix>ms;DD - ix>fk;DD - ix>
mßkdhl jQ w;smQcH mKaä; ud;r › {dkrdudNsOdk m%Odk
l¾udia:dkdpdhœ ufydamdOHdh udysñhka jykafia wkka; ;re.K
ueo nn<k fidf<dial,dfjka msßmqka ir;a mqkai| u~, fuka
iïnqÿ iiqk nnq¿jñka" f;reka .=K f;o n, uysufhka ish
jirlg jeä l,la fhfyka jecfU;ajd'
iïnqoaO Ydikfhka .;hq;= jQ W;a;ud¾:h fï ðú;fha § u
w;alr .ekSu ms‚i fï Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.h Ydikdka;h
f;la fhda.djprfhda wkq.ukh flfr;ajd'
—i;x iud.fud fyd;= hdp ksnndk m;;shd˜
—Ñrx ;sgG;= f,dliñx iuud iunqoO idikx˜
fuhg ixialdrljre
mQcH ud‚laldfõ pq,dNh ia:úr
mQcH kdWhfka wßhOïu ia:úr
2326
1982
vii
ix{mkh ¡ f;jk uqøKh
zijdCLd;x n% yupßhx iJêgÀluld,s l xZ iïud
iïnqoO
a Ydik iajdlaLd;h' ikaoDiaálh¡ wld,slh' zfoifh
fcd;fh Ouux¡ m..fJy bis;x Ocx iqNdis;x Ocd bifhd¡
Ofuuys bis;x OfcdZ O¾uh foaYkd o lrkafkah" m%lg o
lrkafkah' nqoaO O¾uh kï jQ RIsèjch Tijkafkah'
i¾j{ RIsjre iqNdIs;h' èjch fldg we;af;ah' nqoaO
O¾uh iDIsèjch kï fjhs' zwu;x ofod p fid fyd;s fhd
Ouuukqidi;sZ hfula O¾ufhka wkqYdikd flf¾ o
fyf;u wuD;h fokafkls'
ó;sß., ;siairK jk fiakdikdêm;sj jev úiQ w;s.re
mQ c kS h mKa ä ; ud;r is ß {dKdrdudNs O dk ufyda m dOHdh
udysñmdKka jykafia jkdys iajdlaLd; idkaoDIaál wld,sl o jq
› ioaO¾uh Woa.%yK" OdrK" foaYkd" jdpkd ixLHd; m¾hdma;s
jYfhka o" iS, mQrK Oq;x. mßyrK" wd¾hjxY" r:úkS;" ;=jgl"
kd,l" pJ¥mu m%;smdÞ iu: úmiaikdkqfhda. jYfhka o OHdk"
iudê" iudm;a;s" ud¾. M, ixLHd; m%;sfõO jYfhka o uE;
Nd.fh ys f.!;u iïud iïnqoaO Ydikh fcHda;su;a f,i nen,
jQ Ydik Ñr Ôjkh ie,iQ Ydik NdrOdÍ woaú;Sh uyd ix>
ms;DDka jykafiah'
f,djg wuD;h fnÞfoñka iiqka jev jevQ w;s.re mQckSh
ufydamdOHdh udysñmdKka jykafiaf.a › yia;fhka ,shejqKq zYu:
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.hZ kue;s fï uyd¾> .%J:h m%:u jrg 1983
jI_fha§ o fojk jrg 1988 jI_fha§ o uqøKh jQ w;r kej; f;jk
jrg fufia uqøKh jkqfha fuys we;s m%fhdack uy;a neúks'
 xiv
—fid mfpplnqfoOd inNx >rdjdi m,sfndOx ýJÈFjd mqF;odr
m,sfndOx ýJÈFjd iJksê m,sfndOx ýJÈFjd˜
hkqfjka m,sfndaO lSmhla olajk ,o nj fmfkhs' fk;a;f s hys
m,sfndaOhla olajd we; o tys fï woyi ke;' tfy;a ñ<skao
m[ayfhys 9 fjks msgf q jys fli m,sfndO fid<ila olajd we;'
fufia fyhska fï iïmQ¾K m,sfndaO l:dj mqrdK wdpdhH_jrhka
bÈßm;a l<" Ndjkd ud¾.hg Wmldr ms<f s j;a uÕla nj idorj
is;g .; hq;= fjhs' fï m,sfndaOhkaf.ka ñfok ieá uekeúka
úY=oê
a ud¾.fha u olajk ,§' fuhska iïmQ¾Kfhka ñ§ .;a;yqg
wjidkh f;la iajlSh Ndjkd jev ms<f s j< myiqfjka o" fkd
kj;ajd o lrf.k hd yels jkq we;' iq¿jYfhka Ndjkdj lrkakl=
yg o WmksYh% iïmkak ÈhqKq mqo. a ,hl= yg o fï m,sfndaO w;frys
u /|Sf.k fjfiñka u iajlSh Ndjkd ld¾hh uqÿka m;alr .;
yels jkq we;' tfyhska fï lshk ,o m,sfndaOhka u.yrjd .;
fkd yelsh hs is;ñka Ndjkd ld¾hh kj;ajd,sh hq;= fkd fõ' wo
wmg ,eî we;s laIK iïm;a;h s b;d ÿ¾,N nj i,ld thska kshu
m%fhdack .ekSug Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h'
fï m,sfndaOhkaf.ka ñ§u fuka u ;u weiqrg ,efnk
ÿn, jQ kshu ms<sfj;a uÕ fkdo;a Wmfoia fokakkaf.ka fíÍug
o ;Èka is;g .; hq;= h'
tfiau iqÿiq Wmfoia fok kshu l,Kñ;=rl= fidhd .ekSug
o kqjK fhdod W;aidy .; hq;= h' Ndjkduh jQ b;d msßiqÿ Wiia
ld¾hhla i|yd Wfmoia .ekSug iqÿiq ;rfï mqoa.,hl= fidhd
.ekSu myiq ke;'
—k jKK rEfmk kfrd iqcdfkd
k úiifi bF;r oiifkk"
iqi[[;dkx ys úh[cfkk
wi[[;d f,dlñux prJ;s'˜
xv
hkafkka jod< mßÈ yevyqrej wkqj mqoa.,hd ye¢kSu myiq
ke;' ÿgq muKska úYajdih ;eìh hq;= ke;' ljr fyhska o@ b;d
Wiia ixhñkaf.a yevyqrej .;a wixh;fhda fï f,dalfhys jdih
flfr;s' tfyhsks'
Ndjkdj uekeúka mqreÿ l<" Ndjkdjg wod< O¾uhka ms<sn|
f;areula we;s mqoa.,hl= fidhdf.k" ta u.ska ksis Wmfoia ,nñka
iqÿiq mßirhl fjfiñka Ndjkdfõ fh§ug ,efnf;d;a th b;d
Wiia ,dNfhls' Wmfoia fokakl= ,en.; fkdyels jqj;a kslï
fkd isg fmd; m;ska jqj o lreKq f;areï lrf.k Ndjkd
ukisldrfha fh§u fyd|h' .=rejrhl= f.ka Wmfoia ,nñka fyda
tfia ke;sj fyda Ndjkdfõ fhfokakd ;ukaf.a Ndjkd ;;=
wkqkayg lshkakg hdu ydkslrh'
Ndjkd ukisldrhl ksis wkaoñka fhÿkd jQ o Ndjkdj jroaod
.;a;d jQ o fndfyda fokd ;udf.a fkd o;alï f;areï fkd f.k
;ukaf.a oekSu fyda fkd oekSu muKska ish,a, m%udK lrf.k wkqka
yg Wmfoia §ug uyd lreKdj olajk ieá o fmfkhs' tn÷
mqo.
a ,hkaf.a uq<dfõ fy<k l:djka ksid tajdg weyqïlka §fuka
fndfyda fokd Ndjkd ldhH_fhka msßyS .sh wjia:d wmg oek.kakg
,eî we;' tfyhska Ndjkdfõ fhfokakd ;ukaf.a Ndjkd ukisldrfha
;;= wkqka bÈßfha lshdmEug fkd hd hq;= h' l,HdKñ;% iïm;a;h s ;a"
fhdakfs ida ukisldrh;a" Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfokakjqka yg b;d
m%fhdackj;a nj úfYaIfhka i,ld .; hq;= h'
óg j¾I lSmhlg fmr ima;úiqoaê yd úo¾Ykd{dk kñka
l=vd fmd;la fuu ksiairK jkfhka ksl=;a lsÍug isÿúh' th
iemhqfka Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjka fndfyda ÿrg ÈhqKqjg m;alr
.;a fhda.djprhka i|yd h' tu l=vdfmd; ms<s.;a .=Kj;a keKj;a
jeäysá msßi NdjkdrïNhl § óg uq,ska Ndjkdj ms<sn|j o;hq;=
jQ lreKq wka;¾.; fmd;la iemfhkjd kï uekje hs lshkakg
jQy' ta yeu mskj
a ;=kf
a .a u woyi imqrd,Su i|yd fï fmd; iemehqKq
nj lsj yelsh'
 xvi xvii

úfYa I fhka fun÷ Ndjkduh jev ms < s f j<la ks r jq , a j

f.khdu i|yd udj fmruqKq lr.;a Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%u
iuq;amdol mQcH mKaä; lvjeoaÿfõ Y%S ðkjxY uyia:úrhka
jykafia fuys ,d lD;{;d mQ¾jlj isyms ;a l< hq;= h' Wkajykafia
we;=¿ Y%S l,HdKs fhda.dY%ufha l,HdKOHdYh we;s ish¨u
in%ïireka jykafia,df.a f,djq;=re me;=ï imsf¾jd'
fufia iliajqKq fï fmd; uqøKoajdrfhka m%ldYhg muqKqjd
,Su i|yd fld<U yeõf,dla gjqkays" WoHdk udjf;a ieoeyej;a
mß;Hd.YS,S fyaud fm%auodi fkdakd uy;añh úiska ish fo.=re r;k;%h fiajd
iajdñmq;%d§kag mska meñKùfï woyiska bÈßm;a ùu iïnqÿ iiqkg 1' ;%sxY;a mdrñ;d mQKsx - mßY=oaO .=Kd,hï"
buy;a msgqjy,la nj lsj hq;= h'
úfndOd;sYhd jia:x - nqoaOr;akx NcduHyï
fï fmd; ilia lsÍu i|yd wm ys;j;a YsIH fndafyda
2' m%Ydka;x Ydka;s ij_ijx - ij_didx iïmodx moï"
fofkl=f.a Wmldrh ,enqKq nj;a ta yeufokd we;=¿ foúhka
lu_ uu_ kqox Ya,d.a>Hx - Ou_r;akx NcduHyï'
iys; f,dalhdg wuduy ksjka iekiSu ,efíjd hs b;is;ska m;uq'
—i;x iud.fud fyd;=˜ 3' ixy;x ioa .=fK! ff>Yap - y;dfX>d n, iïNjï"
fflj,Hk; yD;a moaux - iX>r;akx NcduHyï'
fuhg"
iiqka ys;e;s" 4' r;ak;%hdkqNdfjk - f,dl;%dK úOdhskd"
uka uk# Ydka; fful.%Hx - Ndú;x pdia;= ij_od'
ud;r Y%S {dkdrdu ia:úr'
ksiia rK jkh" Ydka;s# æ Ydka;s# ææ Ydka;s# æææ
ñ;sß.,'
› nq' j' 2526 b,a wj 11"
1982 foieïn¾ ui 11'
 xxi xxi

;ukaf.a úfõlh .ek fkdi,ld fl;rï ndOl ;snqk;a

fuu .%ka:fha wka;¾.;h fyd|ska lshjd n,d ks jeros lr wm
iín odkx Oïu odkx cskd;s w;g m;a lrÿka fka uy;a O¾u f.!rjhlsk qh s' w;s mqc kS h
ish¨ odkhka wNsnjd O¾u odkh ch.kS Wvq.ïfmd< Oïurxis ysñmdKka jykafiag fuu l=i,h ksjka
wjfndaO ùu msK si fya;= fõjdæ ldhsl udkisl mSvd ÿre ù
mqKHdkqfudaokdj W;=ï jQ m%d¾:kd fndaêhlska ksjka wruqKq fõjdæ hs fu;a is;ska
uy fmf<da ;,h iu;,d fldg wiqka mkjd nqÿ mfianqÿ m%d¾:kd lrñ'
uyry;ka jykafia,d jvd ys÷jd m%Œ; u isjqmifhka Wmia:dk
iïnqoaO Ydikh rlakd jQ;a" nn<jkakdjQ;a ish¨u iuHla
lrkjdg;a jvd" f,dajduydmdh" iqjdiQ oyila fjfyr úydr"
oDIaÀl foú foaj;djqka jykafia,d o" ish¨ NslaIQka jykafia,d o"
fÊ;jkdrdu" mQ¾jdrdu jeks úydr f.dvke.Sug;a jvd i;rmo
fuu O¾u Þkuh l=i,h wkqfudaoka fj;ajdæ
.d:djlska ;rïj;a flfrk O¾u Þkuh mskalu w;s W;=ïhhs
nqoaO jpkh uqÿkska ms<s.;a wm fï oyï fmd; uqøKh lrjd O¾u tfiau" fuu O¾u ÞkdksixY mqKHiïNdrh wm kñka ñh
Þk jYfhka msßkukqfha wiSñ; Y%oaOdfjks' mrf,dj .sh foudmshka we;=`t ×;s nkaOq j¾.hdg ksjka wjfndaO
ùu ms‚i u fya;= fõjdæ wmf.a foudmshka fom<g;a" udf.a wdorŒh
fï jia iufha ó;sß., O¾udh;kfha jia jik w;s mQckSh
ìß| we;=`t orejkag;a ksÿla ksfrda.S iem ,en iqjfia mdrñ;d
kdWhfka wßhOïu kdysñmdKkag;a fuu O¾u odkuh l=i,h
mQrKh lr ksjk wruqKq lr .ekSug fuu O¾u Þkuh l=i,h
W;=ï nqÿnj ,eîu msKsi fya;= fõjdæ Wkajyka fiag ldhslj yd
fya;= fõjdæ wkka; wm%udK foõñksiqka iys; f,dalhdg ksjka
udkislj mSvdfok ish¨u l¾u frda. ÿre fõjdæ l,HdK ñ;%
weiq f rka ,efnka k d jq Ndjkduh wdYs ¾ jdoh ;j ;j;a iqj ms‚i fya;= jQjd jQ iïud iïnqÿ mshdKka jykafia foaYkd
fhda.djpr m%;smodj /l .ksñka wkqYdikd lrñka Y;j¾Idêl fldg jÞ<d jQ Y%S ioaO¾uh uq¨ uy;a f,dal Od;=j ;=, nenf<ajdæ
ld,hla wdhq j<|d" iqjfia mdró mq¾K lr .ekS ug fya;= fõjdæ
jdikd fõjdæ rejka rdcmlaI 2013-07-17
0714881192
w;s mqckSh ud;r Y%S {dKdrdu udysñmdKkaf.a fijfka
jevys| iu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd m%.=K lr m%;sm;a;s Ydikh k.d
isgqùug f,dj mqrd fn!oaO wfn!oaO msßig w¾:fhka O¾ufhka
wkqYdikd lrñka ^lugyka foaYkd& ;ukaf.a úfõlh .ek
fkdi,ld yq o S ckhd ks j ka u.g fhduq lrk w;s mq c kS h
Wv Bßh.u OïuÔj iajdóka jykafiag fuu O¾u odkuh mqkH
iïNdrh ksfrda.S Ñr Ôjkh ,eîu msKsi;a" úfõl iqjfhka mdró
mqrd ksjfkka iekiSu ,eîu msKsi;a fya;= fõjdæ jdikd fõjdæ

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xviii 01

Yu: - úoY_kd Ndjkd ud._h

1
Ydik iïm;a;h
s yd CIK iïm;a;h
s '
kfud ;ii N.jf;d wryf;d iuud iunqoOii///
—whx luuN+ñ bO u..Ndjkd
Okdks ixfjckShd nyQ bO"
ixfj. ixjcksfhiq jF:qiq
ixfj. hqfF;dZj mhq[c fhdksfid'1˜
fï m%ldY jQfha iïud iïnqÿ iiqka ms<ns | uy;a jev /ila
i,id ÿka uyd l,HdKñ;% merKs wgqjd weÿre W;=ukaf.a yoj;ska
mek keÕS" msßiqÿ uqúka fndfyda jdr .Kkla ksl;= a ù we;ehs is;h
s
yels jQ .d:d r;akfhls' fuh fn!oaO fhda.djpr f,dalhd yg uy;a
jev /ila idod .ekSug Wmldr ù we;ehs ie,lsh yels h'
tfyhska u fhda.djprhkg b;du;a m%fhdackj;a hhs ie,elsh
hq;= jQ b;d w.kd .d:d r;akfhls' tfiau fY%aIaG wjjdofhls'
mudfõ jeà bkakd mqo. a ,hd m%n,hl= lsÍug w;sYh iu;a jQ ÈjHuh
n,hla we;s wjjdod;aul w.kd woyia /fils' úfYaI jQ wjjdo /
fils' fuhska m<fjk woyi fufia fldgia mylg fjka fldg
olajuq'
1' fï wmg yuq ù ,eî ;sfnkafka" ;u ;ukg wh;a m%;smodjka
imqrd isÿlr .ekSug iqÿiq jQ fyd|g ue" bv we;s" wjldY we;s"
N+ñfhls' ia:dkfhls' tho mjd ÿ,n h'

1' ixhqF;gG ( 3«31 fya'uq'

 02
2' fï wmg yuq ù ,eî ;sfnkafka" lv fkd fldg m%;smodjka b;d
fyd¢ka imqrd .ekSug ms<sjka jk wjÈfhls' wjia:dfjls' fuho
fndfyda ÿ,n h'
3' fï N+ñfha o" fï ,en.;a wjÈfha § o" ÿlska ksoyia ùug ´kEu
lrk flf,ia .sks ksjd,Sug iu;a" u. M, ,en .ekSug Wojq
fjk" Yu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjka l<yels fjhs' lr .ekSug
ms<sjka fjhs' fuh o b;du;a ÿ,n lrefKls'
4' fï lshk ,o N+ñfha § ue" fï lshk ,o wjÈfha § ue" wmg
my< lr.ekaug ´kE lrk ixfõ.h uekeúka u;= lr .ekSug
Wmldr jk ksis lreKq fndfyda fihska bfíg u yuq lr.;
yels fjhs' fuh o ÿ,n lrefKls'
fyd¢ka i,ld n,kak' wmg yuqfjk ñksia i;=ka foi
n,kak' bkg j;la ke;sj" l=ig wyrla ke;sj" úiSug ksjykla
ke;sj" w|j" ìysßj" f.d¿j" fldrj" uq¿ isrefrka fmf<kiq¿ j
je,fmk ñksia i;=ka Tng fmfkkq we;' fï mudùfï jro fkdfõ
o@ ÿlska fmf<k ;sßika i;=ka Tng fmfkkq we;' Tng fkd
fmfkk fm%a; i;=ka yd krlj, ìysiqKq ÿla ú¢kd ksrd i;=ka
.ek is;kak' fï mudùfï jro fkdfõ o@ wo Tng;a wmg;a ,eî
;sfnkafka fïjd .ek oek f.k W;aidyj;a ù fuhska ksoyia
ùug jev lr.; yels W;=ï wjia:dfjls' úuiqï is;a fhdokak'
5' tfyhska fufia ld,dka;rfhlska ÿ,nj ,efnk" b;d w.kd
m%fhdackhkaa /fia w.h - jákdlu fyd|g f;areï f.k th
meyer fkd oud" ixfõ.hg;a ixfõckhg;a fya;= kqjKska i,ld"
ixfõ.h my< lr f.k ue ta m%;smodfõ fhfokak'
—ksm;J;s LKd;S;d - wkfJ; ÿCLid.fr"
;iud mfhdf.d ld;dfnnd - hdj;sgG;s idikx˜
—onnf:rdmodk˜
,en.;a CIK iïm;a;h s m%fhdackfhys fkd fhdod th meyer
yeß ;eke;af;da" bula fldKla ke;a;d jQ" uy;a ÿla uqyqolg
03
jefgkakd y' tfyhska fï W;=ï iiqk ;sfnk wjÈfhys § Ndjkdfõ
fhÈh hq;=h hkq fï .d:dfõ woyihs'
ukqii,dNx ,oOdk - ioOfuu iqmmfjÈf;"
fh M,x kdê.pPJ;s - w;skdfuJ;s f; LKx'2
uekúka m%ldY l< Ydik Ou_hla ^nqoafOda;amdo ld,hla&
we;s l,ays ñksi;a njla ,enef.k" hï flfkla thska ksis
m% f hda c khla fkd.ks ; a kï" Tjq y q ,ndf.k ;s f nk CIK
iïm;a;sh msßfy,d .kafkdah' —nqoOqmmdo mrud ld, iumF;s˜ hkq
lS fyhska iïm;a;s ld,h nqoafOda;amdoh mru fldg we;af;a h'
th f,dalfha we;s Wiiau ld,hhs" wjia:djhs' nqÿ flfkl=kaf.a
my< ùu wkqj ,efnk" nqoafOda;amdoh ,efnkafka fï ñksia
f,dfõh' ÈjH n%yud§ fiiq i;aFjhkg o" thska wkka; jev
isÿlr .;yels jkafkah'
nyQys wCLKd jqJ;d - mq..,iiJ;rdhsld"
lodÑ lryÑ f,dfl - WmmccJ;s ;:d.;d'
ÿ¾,Nje ,o fï w.kd wjia:dfjka ksis m%fhdack .ekSug
ndOlfhda o fndfyda jkakd y' nqÿjrhka jykafia,df.a Wm;
,efnkafka f.ú f.ù hk fï ixidrfhys b;d iq¿ lf,l muK h'
fufia f.jk ixidrfhys nqÿjrhka kQmokd ld,fhda u fndfyda
fj;s' i;aFjhl=f.a lu_ pl%h fm/f,k ieáh o i,ld n,k
l,ays fï ñksia f,dj" foõ f,dj" nU f,dj hk fï Wiia N+ñj,
u yeuodu WmÈkq ,efnkafka ke;' th fm/<s fm/<S hk ia:dk
;siatl ^31& ls' tla;sia ;,h lshkafka fïjdg h' fuhskq;a
f,fyisfhka fm/f<kafka Wmf;a mgka ìysiqKq ÿla we;s ÿ#Å;
;;aFjhkg h' ta N+ñ ;siatl fufiahs(
1' Tiqm;a ksrd rdYsh iys; ld,diq;%d§ wglska ieÈ ksrh N+ñh'
2' kdkdm%ldrfhka olakd ,efnk ksoyila ke;s mdm lu_hka
jefvk ;sßika fhdaksh'
2' wx' ks' 8 ksmd¦ nq'c' 3« 132-133
 04
3' lshd ksul< fkd yels ÿlska msß ksÊCOdu ;KAyl
s d È fm%;
a fuka fndfyda l,la ;efjkakg isÿjkafkah' wiajeis,a,la ,en
úIh h'
4' wmdh ÿlg fkd fofjks uy ÿla we;s wiqr fm%a; rdYsh h'
5' fkdfhla whqßka fn§ .sh ñksia f,dj h'
6' pd;=ïuydrdðldÈ foõ f,da ih hs" fufia lduNjfhda 11 h'
7' n%yaumdßiÊcfha mgka wi[a[i;a;h olajd we;s idudkH nU
f,da 11 h'
8' wdldidk[apdh;kd§ jYfhka kï lrkq ,enQ wrEm nU f,da
4 h" iqoaOdjdi N+ñ my ^5& iuÕ ish,a, tla ;sils'
fï .Kfka § wg uyd krlh u lshd ksu l< fkd yels
wm%udK ÿlaj,ska hq;a tl ;,hla jYfhka .Kka lrk ,o nj
ie,elsh hq;= h' Tiqm;a .Kk;a wmdh .Kk;a fuhg fjka fjkaj
.kakd l,e .Kk fuhg jeäfjhs'
i;aFjhkaf.a lu_pl%h ms<sn| wl=i,lu_ fõ.h n, mj;ajk
úg" i;r wmdfha Wm; ,efnhs' l=Y,lu_ fõ.fhka ñksia f,da
foõ f,daj, o" uyoa.; OHdkhka ,ofyd;a nU f,daj, o" —wkd.dó˜
jqjfyd;a iqoaOdjdi N+ñj, o Wm; ,efnhs' ñksil= ù Wm; ,eîu
ÿIalr nj nqÿmshdKka jykafia úiska fkdfhla Wmud f.kyer
mdñka foaYkd lrk ,oafoah' weia" lka" wd§ bJøshhka úl, fkd ù
iïmQ¾K bJøshhka we;sj ñksia Ôú;hla ,eîu ;j;a ÿIalr nj
foaYkd lrk ,§' nqÿ iiqkla mj;akd ld,fha tn÷ ñksi;a njla
,eîu fyd|gu ÿIalrh'
;hsox iuuqÇN+;x - hx f,dliñx iqÿ,,Nx"
ukqiiF;má,dfNd p - ioOuuii p foikd
w,x jdhñ;=x ;F: - wF:ldfuk cJ;=kd'
fï iïuqL lr.;a uyd iïm;a;sfhka m%fhdackhla .ekSug
;uyg ys;leue;s ;eke;a;d úiska oeka is;a fhoúh hq;=h' meyer
yeßfhd;a fj<| nvq ;sfnoa§ ta nvq fkdf.k ;efjk fjf<kaod
05
.ekSug" iekeis,s iqiu q la fy<d,Sug kï l< hq;f a ;a Yu: úo¾Ykd
Ndjkdjl fh§u h' úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj b;d Wiia mqKH l¾u
fhda.hls' thska ,eìh yels Wiia u m%fhdackh kï - m%ÓM,h kï
- ÿlska ksoyia ù wuduy ksjk m%;HlaI lr .ekSu h' hg;a
msßfihska iS,fhl msysgd ÑF;úiqoê" ÈgÀúiqoê" lxLdú;rK úiqoê
hk fï úiqoaê ;=k fyda ,ene.;fyd;a" fojeks Ôú;fhys wmdh
ìfhka ksoyia ùug iuf;la jkafkah' tfyhska Yu: Ndjkd jvd
is; ikid .ks;j a dæ úoiqka jvd fï W;=ï ksjka iqj ,dNh w;am;alr
.ekSug Wkkaÿ fj;ajd æ
fhda.djprhd kï ljf¾o@
fhda.djprhd kï" wdOHd;añl mdßY=oaêhl=;a wdOHd;añl
wNsj¾Okhl=;a wfmalaId lrk mskaj;dh' Tyqf.a l%shd irKsh -
l%shd ud¾.h - Ndjkd l¾uh hs' Tyq fuhg iïnkaO lrf.k
iajlSh uq¿ uy;a jev ms<sfj< u f.k hkjd we;' Tyqf.a fï jev
ms<sfjf<a § m<uqfjka wdOHd;añl mdßY=oaêh;a fojkqj wdOHd;añl
ixj¾Okh;a imqrd .ekSug yels fjhs'
ta lshk ,o wdOHd;añl mdßY=oaêh ,efnk ud¾.h kï"
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laf,aYhka yd Wmlaf,aY iuQyh ÿr,d is; iqu.g fhduq lrùu hs'
fï lshk ,oafoa Ndjkd isoaêh ms<sn| b;d id¾:l jevms<sfjf<ls'
th nr jefvls' fkdfhla úÈfha ye, yemams,sj,g Ndck jk
tlla nj l,a we;sj i,ld f.k ;sîu uekú'
fuys§ fï lrf.k hk jevms<sfj< wek ysák lreKq
/fils' lSmhla fufiah(
^w& we;eï úg fõokdfjka ñßlS hdu fya;= fldg f.k
fhda.djprhdf.a jev wekysáhs' kj;shs' lr.; fkd yels
fjhs'
 06
^wd& we;eï úg lugyk kSri ùfuka wekysà' kj;ajkakg
isÿfjhs'
^we& we;eï úg is; úisÍ hdfuka wekysáhs' kj;ajkakg isÿfjhs'
^wE& we;eï úg ksÈu; ksid ´kElu ;sfnoa§ u jev wekysáhs'
^b& we;eï úg m%;sM,hla ke;ehs is; ÿn,lr .ekSfuka
iïmQ¾Kfhka u kj;ajkakg isÿfjhs'
^B& we;eï úg ú;¾l Odrdjg hg ù hdfuka is; ÿn, ù jev
wekysáhs'
^W& we;eï úg wkqka i;=gq lrkakg hdfuka Ndjkd jev
wekysáhs'
^W!& we;eï úg bkakd ;ek tmd ùfuka wekysáhs'
^t& we;eï úg msßi tmd ùfuka wekysáhs'
^ta& we;eï úg lugyk tmd ùfuka wekysáhs'
fuys lreKq oyh ^10& la i|yka ù ;sfí' lrk Ndjkduh
jev ms<sfj< wekysák lreKq ;j fldf;l=;a ;sìh yels h'
fufia fï ndOlhka oek f;areï lr .kakd yeu wjia:djl § u
fhdaksfid ukisldrh fhdod ta ta ndOlhka bj;a lr .ekSug
fhda.djprhd Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h' fun÷ wjia:djka ys § fuys uq,ska
i|yka l< .d:dfõ we;=<;a woyia ukig k.d .ekSfuka o
hf:dla; ndOlhka u.yrjd .ekSug yels fjhs'
fhda.djprhdf.a ;;aFjh
fhda.djprhdf.a iïmQ¾K" ;;aFjh" isrerh Ôjh hhs fohdldr
fjhs' Tyqf.a isrer kï¦ Ndjkd ukisldrh hs' Ôjh kï¦ ta u.ska
Tyq ;=< jefvk kqjK hs' tfyhska fï fhda.djprhd i;s iïmc[a[
folska w÷kajd§u ksjro hhs i,luq'
fhda.djprhd úiska wruqK foi ne,Sfï §" tkï lugykg
is; fh§fï§ yd bJøsh oajdrhkg yuqjk wruqKq j,§ o" is;
uOHia:Ndjfha ;nd.; hq;= h' fhda.djprhdg ,efnk fhda.dkqNdjfhda
i;r fofkls' tkï(
07
^w& wkqfrdaOfhka f;dr nj fyj;a mqoa.,hka yd fkdfhl=;a
foa .ek ne£ula ke;s nj'
^wd& úfrdaOfhka f;dr nj fyj;a mqoa.,hka ksid my< lr.kakd
.eàula ke;s nj'
^b& wr;s r;s folska is; fkdie,Su'
^B& wN+; mfCLm fyj;a ke;s foa we;=¿lsÍu" N+;dmkhkh fyj;a
we;sfoa wialsÍu hk folska ñ§ is;a meje;au hkqh'
ke;s foa we;=¿ lr .ekSfukq;"a we;s ienE foa whska lsÍfukq;a
f;dr jQ fhda.Ska ;=< ,efnk .=Kfhda wfhda.Ska ;=< fkd ,efn;s'
f.da.hg iu¾:ùu kï fuys i|yka w.=K fldgiska fjkaje .=K
fldgiska hqla;ùu h' fïjd ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSug ù¾hh yd
kqjK ÈhqKq ù ;sìh hq;= h' th ke;s kï w;ru. k;r ùu
isÿfjhs' th wka;rdhlr fjhs' B<Õg ie,lsh hq;f a ;a iïmc[a[h
hs' th ke;s kï Wmdh whs;slr .ekaug;a wkqmdh j¾ckhg;a
iu¾: fkd fõ' iïmc[a[h ke;a;d ta fofla § u uq<d fjhs' ta
foflys kQuq<d kï ta fol ms<sn|j ksis mßÈ l%shd lsÍfï iu;alu
,efí'
1' fufia fhda.djprhd wkqfrdaOfhka fyj;a ne§fuka f;dr h'
tfyhska ukdm wruqfKys wdYdfjka ne£fulska mSvd fkd
ú¢hs'
2' fyf;u úfrdaOfhka fyj;a .eàfuka f;dr fõ' tfyhska
wukdm wruqfKys .eàfuka mSvd fkd ú|shs'
3' wr;sfhka fkd ief,k fyhska lugyka fufkys lsÍfuys
ie§ meye§ fjfihs'
4' r;sfhys fkd ief,k fyhska úfõlj;ays fh§ úiSug iqÿiq
fjhs'
5' flf,iqkg bv i,iaid .kakd ne,Sula fkd jk fyhska
fudyq wruqK foi n,kafka tys wvq;eka mqrjñka fkd fõ'
6' tfiau fyf;u we;s jeä ;eka whska lrkafka o fkd fõ'
 08
fhda.djprhdf.a jev'
1' fhda.djprhd ;udf.a jev b;d ie,ls,su;a je iemehsh hq;=
fõ' tfia ue ta jev ksrjq,a j tlska tl tlg f.dkq fldg
;enQ fia msßiqÿjg ;ekam;a je ;sìh hq;= hs'
2' is;a;=< my<jkakd jQ o" my< lrkakd jQ o" is;sú,s woyia
msßiqÿ tajd úh hq;= h' woyia - is;ú
= ,s wmsßiqÿ jkúg fhda.djprhd
wfhda.djprfhla jkafka h' kqiqÿiafila jkafka h'
3' Yu: Ndjkdfjys;a" úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfjys;a foflys u fhda.
Yíoh jHjydr lrkq ,efí' tfyhska Yu:fhys;a" úo¾Ykd
fhda.fhys;a fhfokakd fhda.djprhd h'—fhd.x wjpr;S ;s
fhd.djpfrd˜ hkq fyhsks' —fhd.dfj cdh;S N+͘ hkq fyhska
lugyka wruqK fhda.h hs' tys meje;afuka" —fhdf.d wii
wFÒ;s fhd.S˜ hs fhd.S Yíoh jyrg .sh ieá h' fhda.S kduh
jyrg fh§u .ek N.j;a .S;dfõ 6$1 fufia i|yka fõ(
—wkdY%s;H lu_M,x - ldhH_x lu_ lfrd;s h#
i ikHdiS p fhd.S p- k ksr.ks¾ kpdl%sh#˜ hs'
hfula lïm, j,g fya;a;= fkdù" l<ukd l%shd lrhs kï
fya ikHdiS o fhda.S o fjhs' ksr.aks fyda wl%sh fyda fkd fõ'
ffjÈl ikHdis mhH_dh fhda.S Yíoh .ek muKla is; fh¥
we;eïyq" —fï ,xldfõ;a fhda.Ska bkakjd oe˜hs m%Yak k.;s'
bJÈhdfõ isg wd.ka;=l j fyda ikHdishl= j weú;a úiSug
;j u bv lv weysÍ we;ehs fkd oksuq'
4' iïmQ¾Kj fyda w¾O jYfhka fyda Ndjkd Wmfoia fok ;eka o
fï Èjhsfkys fndfyda we;' ta ;ekaj,ska m%fhdack ,nkafkda
o oyia .Kkska i|yka fj;s' fufia j;=ÿ fhda.S fhda.djpr
wNsOdkhka bJÈhdjg u Ndr § l,a f.ùu {dkdkaú; fkd
jk nj ie,lsh hq;= h'
3' ú' u' 3 msg fya' uq'
09
5' fhda.djprhd {dkdkaú; úh hq;=h' Tyqf.a uq<dfjka lrk
jevla ke;s úh hq;=h' hï fyhlska fya uq<d ù kï" uq<dfjka
;%súOoajdrh fufyh ù kï" thska ,efnk kmqre m%;sM,h
idudkH mqo.a ,fhl=f.a l%h
s doajdrfhka ie,efik m%;M
s ,hkg
jvd oreKq h' thska u fyf;u fhda.djpr ;;aFjfhka .s,syS
hk nj o ie,elsh hq;= h' fufia lshkafka il, fhda.h ue
{dkh Wv r|d mj;akd fyhsks' th nqÿ oyfï tk fhdaksfid
ukisldrh hs'
úo¾Ykd fhda.h lrkakd ;=< ;=ka wdldrhlska fï m%{dj
,efnhs' —;sCLF;=x m[[d wd.;d ;F: mGud cd;s m[[d˜3 —iSf,
m;sgGdh˜ hkd§ O¾ufhys m%{dj ;=ka jrla wdfõh' tys m<uq
m%{dj cd;s m%{dj hs' —imf[[d˜ hk ;ek cd;s m%{dj hs' m%;i s kaê
wjia : dfõ mgka mj;a k d fï m% { dj úmdl m% { dj hs ' fuh
NjX.m[[dj o fjhs' ika;dk jYfhka mj;akd fï m%{dj o Ndjkd
m%{dfõ Wm;g WmksYh % fjhs' úo¾Ykd m%{dj fojk m%{dj hs' fhda.
n,fhka Ñ;a; iudêh jefvk úg" is; u, .iaid f.k isgk q d"
flf,ia oyr ms<f s j<ska m%yK
S ù hhs' thska ta flf,ia u, ls,á s
msßisÿ ùfuka ieoeye jeã fhda. l%hs dfhys my< jQ fyda my< jkakg
bv ;snQ ielh ^úÑlsÉPdj& wE;a fjhs' wr;shg bv fkd ,efnhs'
l=i;
S lu wE;a ù" is; my;g jefgkakg bv fkd§" ÒkñoaOhg
hgjkakg bv fkd§" úßh jefvhs' thska ÒkñoaOhg bv fkd ,efí'
Ndjkd l%h s dfjys ´kElu n,j;a j jefvhs' ukisldrh uekeúka
meje;aùfï mqreoao ,eî" i;sh jeã hhs' úßh i;s fol tl;= ùfuka
iudêialJOh o imsfrhs' fuhska fufkys lrk;dla oeh ms<n s |
kqu<
q dj ie,eiS m%{dj jefvhs' fufia bJøshO¾uhka jeãfuka Ndjkd
m%{dfõ jeãu fjhs' ;=kj a k m%{dj innlsppmßkdhsld jQ mdßydßh
m%{dj hs' th Ndjkd l¾uhg i:dk jQ lugyk mßyrK lD;Hfhys
kshl
q ;a jQfha h' fuh ue wNsClu" máClu" wdf,dls;" úf,dls;"
iuñ[ck" midrK" ix>dá-mF;-Öjr OdrK" wis;" mS;" Ldhs;"
 10
idhs;" Wppdr - miidj luu" .; À;" ksisJk iqF;" cd.ß;"
Ndis;" ;=KySNdj hkd§ l%shd rdYsh id;a:ldÈ jYfhka uekeúka
ksremøs;je muqKqjd ,Sug Wmldr jk fyhska fï kduh ,nhs'
fhda.djprhdg fï mdßydßh m[a[dj Ôú;h fia Wmldr fjhs'
fï m%{dj Ndjkdfõ fh§ug is;la my< ùfï mgka Ndjkdfõ
ksIaGdm%dma; wNsj¾Okh olajd m%fhdackj;a jk ieá fufia i,ld
n,kak'
^w& lugykla Wf.kSu'
^wd& iel;eka úpdrd oek .ekSu'
^we& Ndjkdj weröu'
^wE& ukisldr úêh ksrjq,a lr .ekSu'
^b& tys ilalÉpldß;dj'
^B& tys imamdhldß;dj'
^W& tys ksñ;a; l=i,;dj
^W!& tys mys;;a;;dj
^t& tys wka;rd wixfldapkh
^ta& tys bJøsh iu;a;mámdokh
^T& tys úßh iu;a;mámdokh
^´& tys úph iu;d fhdckh
lugykla mßyrKh lsÍfï § ,efnk fï yeu ;eku
m%{dj n,mj;ajk ieá uekeúka i,ld n,d tys W;aidyj;a jkak'
j¾;udk Ôú;fha § u u. m, ,en .; yels fõo@
u. m, ,eîu" wdhH_ wIagdx.sl ud¾.h imqrd ,efnk
iïudiïnqÿ iiqfklska u ,efnk m%Odk u ldhH_hs'
—buiñx fLd iqNoo Ouu úkfh wßfhd wgGX.sfld uf..d
Wm,nN;s" bfOj iqNoo iufKd" bO ÿ;sfhd iufKd" bO ;;sfhd
iufKd" bO p;=fF:d iufKd iq[[d mrmmjd iufKys wf[[˜4
4' §' ks' 2793 msg
11
iqNøh" wdhH_ wIagdx.sl ud._h fï O¾u Ydikfhys ue ,efnkafka
h' iqNøh" m%:u Y%uKhd o fuys u h' oaú;Sh Y%uKhd o fuys u h'
;D;Sh Y%uKhd o fuys u h' p;=FÓ Y%uKhd o fuys u h' fï
Y%uKhkaf.ka f;dr jQ mrjdofhda ysiafj;s' fï i|yd wê.u"
m%;sfjO hk kï o jHjydr lrkq ,efí' ksjka wjfndaOlr .ekSu
lshkafka o fuhg ue hs'
u. m, hkq f,daflda;a;r l=i, - úmdl ^l=i,a 4 úmdl 4&
hk is;a wgg lshk kï h' iS, úiqoaêh wdÈfldg we;s úiqoaê i;
msÍfï §" iïmQ¾K ùfï §" wdhH_ ud¾.h ÈhqKqjg m;aùfuka ksjk
wd,ïnkh fldg f.k" fï is;a wg my< fj;s' thska ud¾. is;a
i;r f,djq;=rd l=i,a is;a h' t,is;a kï f,djq;=rd is;aj, úmdl
wjia:d i;r u h' ksjka wruqKq fldg my<jk fï ud¾. is;a
i;frka tla tla is;la my< jkafka tla mqoa.,hl=g tla jfrls'
M,is;a .Kk kï wm%udK fjhs' fï is;a wg tla ika;dkfhlays
my< jkafka wdhH_ ud¾.dx. wg iïmQ¾Kfhka ÈhqKq ùfuks' ta
ud¾.is;a i;rg úIh jk flf,ia iSudfjda o i;r fofkla fj;s'
ta fufiahs(
m%:u ud¾.h ( 1' ilaldh ÈÜÀ 2' úÑlsÉPd 3' iS,ín; mrdudi
4' ÈÜGdkqih 5' úÑlsÉPdkqih
6' wmdh.dó ish¨ wl=i,a hk m%:u iSudjhs'
fojk ud¾.h( 1' ´<dßl ldurd.h 2' ´<dßl ldurd.dkqih
3' ´<dßl jHdmdoh 4' ´<dßl jHdmdodkqih
hk fudjqyq oaú;Sh
iSudj hs'
;=kj
a k ud¾.h( 1' wkqiy.; ldurd.h 2' jHdmdoh
3' ldudrd.dkqih 4' jHdmdodkqih hk fudjqyq
;=kajk iSudj hs'
i;rjk ud¾.h(1' rEm rd.h 2' wrEm rd.h 3' udkh 4' WoaOÉph
5' wúÊcdj 6' udkdkqih 7' Njrd.dkqih
 12
8' wúÊcdkqih hk fudjqyq i;rjk iSudj hs' 5
fuys m%:u ud¾.fhka m%ydKh l< hq;= jQ laf,aYfhda ;=kf
a okd
u kmqreh' wkdÈu;a ld,hl mgka ika;dkhg mqreÿ ù we;s flf,ia
f;areï .ekSu o b;du;a ÿIalr h' Tyqg flf,iqka ke;sl< hq;=
hhs is;d .ekau o wudre h' flf,ia ksid m,sfndaO jkafkah hs
i;Sfula o Tyqg ke;af;a h' iir ÿflle hs jegySfula o Tyqg
ke;' wúoHdfjka jeiS ;sfnk fyhska Ndjkdfõ fh§ug mCIj is;a
fhfokafka o ke;' fufia jÜgh fyj;a ixidrh mj;ajd f.k
hdug Wmldr jk uq,a lreK wdfhdakf s id ukisldrh hs' th ÈÜÀ
úÑlsÉPdjka u;=lr fohs'
—innd ÈgÀfhd p fid<i úOd úÑlspPd p wF;ÈgÀ uQ,l s d tj
fydJ;s' wF:ÈgÀhd ksreoOdh ksrecCOJ;s' inndks p wmdh.dñluudks
wF;ÈgÀhd i;shd tj úmppJ;s'˜6
ish¨ oDIaàyq o" fidf<dia jeoEreï úÑlsÉPdfjda o wd;au
oDIaáh uq,afldg we;a;dyq u fj;a' wd;au oDIaáh ksreoaO jQ l,ays
tajd ksreoaO fj;s' ish¨ wmdfha Wmojk l¾ufhda o wd;au oDIaáh
we;sl,ays u úmdl fo;a' fï flf,iqka f.ka fj<S bkakd;dla
is;kafka —ixidrfha ÿlla ke;' thska fjkaùu h ÿl˜ hkqfjks'
—Ndjkdj oeka ´kE ke;' krl keye' lrkakg ´kE" ta;a
oekau fkdfõ'˜ ;j;a lreKla kï( —fï ld,fha fld;rï Ndjkd
l<;a ud¾. M,hka ,fnkafka keye' ta ksid u úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj
jekakla l<dg jevla ke;' ffu;%S Ndjkdj" nqoO a dkqii
a ;s Ndjkdj
jeks Ndjkd kï álla l<dg jrfola keye˜ hkd§ m%isoaO
m%ldYhkhka lrk W.;a;k = a we;a;d y' fï W.;a fõYfhka bkakd
kQ.;=kfa .a fud<Od;=j mEfokafka ljod o@ iajlSh flf,ia fõ.h
ksid fun÷ woyila is;g my< jqj;a ;=kr q ejkaf.a kdufhka m%ldY
fkdlr bkkag is;kjd kï tal;a f,dl=u f,dl= iykfhls' Tn
5' m' È' 400 msg
6' máix' 1 Nd.h 130 132
13
;=< n,mdkd fï flf,ia fõ.h Tng m%lg ke;' th ta flf,ia
fõ.fha u ;Èka n,mdkd wdjrKSh iajNdjfhls' fhdaksfida
ukisldrh ´kE lrkafka fun÷ wdmod wjia:djkaf.ka iekeis,, a la
,nd .ekSu i|yd nj u;la lr §u jáhs'
fï iuÕ Tng úfYaI lreKla lshñ' Tn úiska Tn wjg;a"
Tn we;=<;;a" msg;;a yeume;af;ka u bÈßhg m;afjk uydÿlal|
foi kqjK fhduq fldg ne,sh hq;= h' Tn u" Tn l,af.jkafka
uydÿla ú£ï /ila ueoafoa fkd fõ oe hs i,ld ne,sh hq;= h' fï
ÿlal| Tn w,a,d f.k b,afka ukaoe hs Tfnka u Tn m%Yk a lrkak'
fuu ÿla/i wE;a lsÍug fkd is;kafka ljr fyhska oe hs is;d
ne,sh hq;= h' ieneúka u fuu ÿla/i wfya;l = j mj;afka fkd fõ'
fuys fya;j = la ;sfnk nj hï úfgl Tng jegyqfKd;a túg h"
Tng ÿla /i bj;alr .kakg mq¿jka jkafka' tl,e Tng ÿl o
jegefyhs' th ke;slr .; hq;= h hk woyi o Tng my< jkjd
we;s' tl,e Tng fyd| weila ,enqKf q ia ie,elsh hq;= h' Tng
ksjka ´kE lrkafka fï ksid h'
fï woyi - fï wjfndaOh Tng ,enqfKd;a Ndjkdj ms<n s |
tmdlu yÕjk l:d ish,a,la u fudav l:d nj f,fyisfhka ue
jegfykjd we;' Ndjkdj o taldka;fhka l<hq;= wjYH l;_jHhla
f,i bfíg u jegeyS hkjd we;' fuys§ m%ÓM, ms<n s | m%Yka h yria
lr.; hq;= ke;' Ndjkdfjka ,efnk m%;M s ,fhda th mgka.;a
fõ,dfõ isg ue áflka ál wNHka;rfha ÈhqKj q g m;ajkakdy' th
Tng fmfkkakg o bv ;sfí' fkd fmfkkakg o bv ;sfí' ta .ek
m%Yk
a hla is;;a <
= my< lr .; hq;= ke;' fhda.djprhd m%;M s ,hkg
is;a fhduq fldg is;a flf,id .kakl= fkd úh hq;= h' wkd.;
wdYdnJOkfhka is;a fj<S .kakg bv fkd ;nd Tn Ndjkdfõ
fhfokak'
fkdjrojd fï m%;m s ;a;s ud¾.h Tn f.k hkjd kï Tfí
n,dfmdfrd;a;j = jQ u.m, ,eîu fyda u.m, ,eîug mdró fyda
fjkjd we;' th lsif s ,filska jrÈkafka ke;' ksjka oelSug" fï
Ôú;fha§ u ksjka oelSug" Tn iqÿiqh hs Tn ;rfha is;d .kak' tys
 14
ueÿï ms<f
s j; f.k fkd lvjd Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfokak'
mK flkao wka;u s g u f.ù hk f;la u Ndjkdfõ fhfokak'
fkd kj;ajd lrf.k hkak' ta uyd m%hdYfha m%;M
s ,fhda Tn fidhd
f.k tkakdy' ta i;Hfhls'
fhda.djprhdg ,efnk ndOlfhda'
u;= oelafjk lreKq fol l,ska u is; ;nd f.k is; yod
.ekSu Tfí m%Odk;u hq;=lu úh hq;= h'
1' Èúmqod Ndjkdkqfhda.S jQ Tnf.a Èú /flk fia Wjgeka lrk
lreKdjka; isyskqjKe;s msßila wjáka fjfiaoa o@
2' Ndjkdfõ w;rl§ fyda w.§ fyda iudchg uqyqKq ÿka Tng" ta
iudcfha i;r me;af;ka u" —msii
a d" Ndjkd msii
a d˜ hkdÈh lshñka"
lE .iñka" yQ lshñka" úúO ;dvk mSvkfhka ks.%y lrk úg"
ysßyer lrk úg" hdug ;ekla ke;s je keje;Sug ksjykla
ke;s je mdfrka mdr udre fjñka ÿla ú£ug Tng mq¿jka o@
fuhg fhda.djprhd Yla;su;a úh hq;=h'
fufia fyhska b;d ÿlfia Ndjkd ukisldrh ;rula ÿrg
ÈhqKqjg m;alr f.k" is;g uola iekis,a,la §ug iudchg
meñKsfhd;a isÿ jkafka lsh fkd yels mSvd /ila ueo jeà ñh
hdug h' ke;akï t;rï lgql ÿla /ilg ue§ ùug h' w.ïNSr
is;e;s .sys meúÈ iudch Tyq blaukska wka f,djlg we;=¿ lsÍug
tl;= ù iu.s iïmkak je jev lrkq olakd ,efí' wo nqÿiiqfka
we;=<;g je§f.k bkakd msßi fun÷ kï" msg;ska bkakd msßi
fln÷ úh yels o@ udrhdf.a ys;j;=ka fuka bkakd fudjqkaf.ka
ksjka msKsi jev lrk fhda.djprhd flfia fífrkak o@ flfia
fyda fudjqkaf.ka fíÍug fhda.djprhd iu;a úh hq;= h'
;j;a m%Yak lSmfhls'
Ndjkdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhdg úi|d .ekSug ÿIalr jQ
;j;a m%Yak lSmfhls' fhda.djprhdf.a is; yod .ekSug Wmldr
15
jkq i|yd tajd o u;=lr §ug W;aidy orkakg isÿù ;sfí' l,a
we;sj u fya;=j f;areï .;a úg thska jk úm; u.yrjd .ekSu
myiq fyhsks'
fhd.djprhd tu fhda.djpr ;;ajhg niskafka l=vd jQ fyda
uy;a jQ fyda iïm;a;shla yd l=vd jQ fyda uy;a jQ fyda {d;s ys;j;a
iuQyhla o ms<sn| je meje;s wfmaCIdj w;yer oeófuks' thska
Tyqg Ndjkduh Yla;shla ,efnhs' ta Yla;sfhka Tyqg ;udf.a
Ndjkdfõ uekeúka fh§ug fyd|g bvlv ie,efihs' ksiiX.;dj
ÈhqKq ùfuks'
m<mqreÿ {d;s ys;j;=ka uvq,f
a ,ys yeu bJøshlska u ne|+"S úiQ
Tyqg thska fjkaùu myiq ke;s nj meyeÈ,s h' tys meje;s wdiajdoh
f;areï f.k wdÈkjh jegySfï § fkCLuu i[[d my< fõ' uy
lgq,eyenla jeks ta .sys f.hska whska ùu Wiia iekeie,af,ls'
uy;a ,dNfhls' msßisÿ ksoyfils' fï ffkIalu % H kdufhka i|yka
jk ;;aFjhg m;aùu t;rï f,fyis ke;' mqo. a ,hd ;=< fï woyi
imqrd .ekSfï fÉ;kd fldf;l=;a my< jqj;a" we;=<;a ys me,efUk
iuqoh mdlaIhS laf,aY .Kfha m<sfndaO iajNdjh wkqj fyd| me;a;g
yeÍug ndOd lsÍï fldf;l=;a ,efnhs'
Wiia f,i Ndú; is;a we;s W;=fuda fï wNsksIal%uKfha § ue
n,j;a Wkkaÿjla yd m%S;shla my< fldg f.k" wk;=rej ue
OHdkH ud¾. M, iïm;a;Ska w;am;a lr .kakdy' uydldYHm
uyry;ka jykafia" uyd lÉpdk uyry;ka jykafia wd§ W;=uka
fuka iajlSh wNsksIal%uKfha mrud¾:h uqÿka m;alr .;ay' fï
ksid u meúoao ,nd fok .=rejre l=,orejkag tflfKys u úo¾Ykd
lugyka lshd fokakd y' tfia ta fufydf;a uyry;a nj ,nd
.;af;da o fndfyda jQy'
we;eï mskaj;=ka yg úúO jQ wruqKqj,e mg,eù ;e<S ;snQ
is; thska ksoyia fldg" úfõl N+ñfhl fhdojd,Sfï §" foKshl
fkdne| kj;d Æ jiqmeáhl= fia bv ,o ,o fia fkdfhla w;
 16
ÿjkakg mgka .ekafuka thska uy;a ysßyerhlg uqyqK fokakg
isÿjkq we;' fkdfhla ú;¾lfhda úfõlhl fhfok Tyqf.a is;
jgd lrlefjkakg mgka .kakdy' fufia fyhska Tyqf.a is;g uo
ksoyfil=ÿ ke;' tl, Tyqg yeroud wd .sysf.hg jvd fun÷
wjia:dj b;d ìysiqKq fia o" lgql fia o" jegfykakg mgka .kshs'
w,s" fldá" j,ia" kd" fmd<dka" hla" rl=iq wd§ ìysiqkq i;=ka
úiska jg lrkq ,enqjyqg hï fia ksoyfia iekeis,af,a l,a f.úug
fkd yels kï" tn÷ ;;aFjhl ;ud jeàf.k isgqkd fia Tyqg
jegfykakg mgka .kshs' fï ;;aFjfhka ksoyia ùug kï Tyq
úiska ta fklaLïufha bÈßhg hd hq;=h' bÈßhg hdug kï ;ud
;=< my< ù we;s ÿn,lï fufkys fldg" tajdhska is;a msßisÿ fldg
f.k" prKO¾u ;ud ;=< ÈhqKqjg m;alr .; hq;= h' ;ud hg lr
f.k isgqkd m[pkSjrKhka uekúka f;areï .; hq;= h' fïjd
bj;a lsÍug fyj;a fudjqkaf.a n,h ì|Sug kshu wdhqOfhda kï
iS,d§ prK O¾ufhda h' tfyhska fï .=Khka ;ud ;=< ;sfí oe hs
uekeúka i,ld n,kak'
1' iS,h ( ;ud rlakd wdÔjdIaagul YS,d§ YS,O¾ufhda uekeúka
/lS weoaoe hs kqjKska i,ld n,kak' tajd wLKav je" fkd le,e,a
je" fkd isÿreje" ;Kyd udk ÈÜÀ j,ska fkd flf,iS mj;s;aoe
hs fyd¢ka úuid n,kak' tajd fyd¢ka ;sfí kï Tng fkd je/È
n,j;a m%S;shla taldka;fhka my< jkq we;' thska Tng n,j;a
iqjhla w;am;a jkq we;'
2' Tfí bkaøhs ixjrh flfia oe hs i,ld n,kak' weia" lka"
keyeh wd§ jQ bJøsh fodrj,a kslï yeroud ;snf q Kd;a" ta u.ska
flf,ia Odrdj .,d tau fkd je<elaúh yelafla h' tfyhska isyh
s ;a
kqjK;a fhdod ta fodrj,a wdrCId lr .ekSfuka bJøsh ixjrh
/flk ieá fyd¢ka kqjKska i,ld n,kak' th;a fuys § ;udf.a
YS,h wdrCId ùug b;d Wmldr jk ieá Tng u jegfykjd we;'
17
3' muK oek wyr .ekSu kï jQ fNdcfk uF;[û;dj" Tnf.ka
uekúka iïmQ¾K úh hq;= h' th b;d W;=ï fhda.djpr O¾ufhls'
uekeúka is,a /lSug" b÷rka fyd|g oukh lr .kakg yd Tn
bkakd ;ek;a" Tn hk .uk;a fyd¢ka f;areï f.k bÈßhg
hdug fï .=Kh m%fhdackj;a jk nj Tn úiska fyd¢ka f;areï
.; hq;= h'
4' cd.ßhdkqfhda.h( tkï ksÈjeÍug mqreÿ ùu fhda.djprhd yg
b;du;a wjYHh h' kskoa ;rï m%udohg fya;= jk ;j;a wk¾:ldÍ
l%shdfjla ke;' fhda.djprhdg Ók" ñoO fol n,j;a i;=frda
fofofkls' Tjqkfa .ka wdrCId ùug kskoa muK oek fhÈh hq;= h'
th wvqlr .ekSu l%ufhka l< hq;= h' mqreÿ jk úg wka;u
s fha th
b;d myiq jefvla fjhs'
5'-11' ioaOd" ysß" T;a;mam" nyqiaiq; Ndjh" úßh" i;s" m[a[d hk
O¾ufhda i;afok uekeúka i,ld n,d ;ud ;=< ÈhqKqjg m;alr
.; hq;= h' fï O¾uhka l%ufhka jefvk l,ays" is; ;=< n,mdñka
mej;s kshHdkdjrK O¾u iuQyhd - tkï lduÉPJod§ ksjrKfhda
- ÿn, fj;s' fïjd pd;=¾N+ul l=i, Ñ;a;h wdjrKh lrf.k
mj;akd fyhska kshHdkdjrK hhs lshkq ,efn;s' tys kshHdkh;a
kshHdkdjrKh;a o; hq;=h' ta fufiahs(
1' fklaLïuh kShdkh hs' lduÉPJoh th wjrKh lrk kshHdkd-
jrKh hs'
2' wjHdmdoh( tkï ffu;%h
s kshHdkh hs' jHdmdoh kshHdjrKh hs'
3' wf,dal i[a[dj kshHdkh hs' ÓkñoOh kshHdkdjrKh hs'
4' wúlafLmh kshHdkh hs' WoOÉph kshHdkdjrKh hs'
5' OïujjF:dkh kshHdkh hs' úÑlsÉPdj kshHdkdjrKh hs'7
OïujjF:dkh kï O¾u úksYaph hs' wdf,dali[a[d kï
wdf,dal ksñ;a; hs' fï kshHdk O¾uhka fïÍfuka yd wdjrK
7' máix' nq' c' 1 « 310 msg
 18
O¾uhka bj;aùfuka o l%ufhka WmpdrOHdk yd w¾mKdOHdkfhda
my< jkakdy' ta OHdk i;r imqrd ,Sfuka prK O¾ufhda iïmQ¾K
jkakdy' fï ksoyia jk l%uh hs'
mrdchg m;ajkafkda
fufia bÈßhg hdfï f;areula ke;a;d iir mqreÿ wkqj wdjrK
r< fõ.hg wiqù ÿla uqyf q oa u .sf,kq fmfka' fun÷ mqo.
a ,fhda
fomßoafolska ÿflys .ef,;s' we;eïyq fmr<d .sys lïlfgd¨ ueo
/£ug m%h
s lr;s' ;j;a fldgila wr ìysiK q q lïlfgd¨ w;f¾ u
mrud¾:hla ke;sj .ejfikakdy' fï fofldgi u chìula f;areï
fkd .;af;da h'
.syf
s .ka kslua iiqkg nisk fndfyda fokd kshu f;areula
we;sj thg niskf a kda fkd fj;s' we;eïyq wkqkf
a .a nig hg ù thg
nis;'s ;j;a fldgila mqo.a ,sl is;a wukdmfhlska o .syf
s .h w;yß;s'
ta wukdmlï u.yefrk úg h<s;a l=Kq jf<a tfrkakg hkakdy'
we;eïyq iajlShkg ovqjï i|yd ál lf,lg Tjqkf a .ka wE;a jkakdy'
reÑlrkakd jQ wkq.dñlhka ,enqKq ú.i h<s;a fmr mqreÿ jev ms<f s j<
wkq.ukhg miq fkd niskk a dy' ;j ;j;a f,!lsl n,dfmdfrd;a;=
iïmQ¾K fkd jk úg wìkslu a ka woyia lvlr .ks;'s
.syf
s .hska kslf
a ukakd ;=< iir ÿl .ek ;rul fyda jegySula
;sìh hq;= h' flf,iqkf a .a wd§kj mCIh o fndfyda ÿrg f;areï
f.k ;sìh hq;= h' we;a; jYfhka fï f;areï fol ;sfí kï"
fhda.djpr Ôú;fha § ,efnk ljr ;rï mSvdfjlska fyda is;a fmr<d
.kakg fkd niskakdy' fï wvqmdvqj ksid u" .sysf.hska kslau
fhda.djpr Ôú;h werUqjdyq - ksjka mila lsÍug bÈßm;a jqjdyq
,dN lS¾;s m%Yxidjkg .scqj tajd jeä jeäfhka Wmojd .ekSug"
judrd lk i;=ka wkq.ukh lrkakka fuka" fkdfhla úg m%;m s ;a;s
ud¾.h fjkia lrkq wmg olakg ,efí' ksjka u. wyqrd f.k"
iir .uka u. t<sfmfy<s fldg f.k" úúO ia:dkhkaf.ka yd
mqoa.,slj yodjvd .kakd odhl msßfika yd w;jeis msßfika yd Ok
19
iïNdrfhka o wdVH je l,a f.jkq fmfka' Tjqkaf.a l=gqïn
ixrCIKhg wfma we;s BI_Hdjla ke;' O¾uh yd O¾u ud¾.h fkd
msgg yrjd,ñka lrk fï Ydik úf,damh .ek ixfõ.h m< lruq'
.sys meúÈ WNh mËhg u kqjKei mEfoajd æ
ú;¾l úch
fhda.djpr Ôú;hg we;=<;a jQjyqg urfik. fuka ú;¾l
Odfrdfjda .,d tkakg mgka .kakdy' fï ú;¾lfhda kj fldgilg
fnod olajk ,oaody' ta fufiahs(
1' lduú;¾l - ldu jia;+ka ms<sn| l,amkdfjda"
2' jHdmdo ú;¾l - mrdyg ydkshla mSvdjla jkfia lrk
l,amkdfjda"
3' úysxid ú;¾l - mrdyg ysxidjla lsÍu .ek l,amkdfjda"
4' {d;s ú;¾l - kEhka .ek my<jk ú;¾lfhda l,amkdfjda"
5' ckmo ú;¾l - ta ta k.r ckmohka .ek my<jk l,amkdfjda"
6' wur ú;¾l - fkdueÍ l,af.ùu .ek my<jk l,amkdfjda"
7' mrdkqoaoh;d máixhq;a; ú;¾l - mryg wkqlïmd lsÍu .ek
my< jk l,amkdfjda"
8' ,dN i;aldr máixhq;a; ú;¾l - ,dN ie,ls,s ,eîu .ek
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ my< jk l,amkdfjda"
9'wkj[a[;a;s máixhq;; ú;¾l - wjuka fkd ,en l,af.ùu
.ek l,amkdfjda'8
fï ú;¾lhka f.ka we;eï ú;¾l tl t,af,a wl=i,hg
nr fkd jqj o" l=i,a ieáhg fmkS isáh o" taldka; jQ wl=i, jQ
ú;¾l weo .ekS u g Wmldr jka k dy' fhda . djpr ;;a F jh
flf,id,k .;s o tys we;' tfyhska fï yeu ú;¾lhla ue
oefkk úg ue fufkys lr wE;a lrkakg mqreÿ úh hq;= h'
8' pQ<k nq'c' 342
 20
—fï ú;¾lfhda udrfiakdfjda h' fudjqkaf.ka fíÍhdu
fhda.djpr Ôú;hla .; lrk ug whs;s f,dl= ue hq;=lu h' ud
.uka l< hq;af;a ueÿï ms<sfjf;a h' fï ú;¾lfhda wka;hlg
jeà .;af;da h' fïjd Tiafia .uka lrkakg is;g bv§fuka jkafka
ud me;+ f,djq;r= d u. fidhd f.k hk .uk wid¾:l ùu h"˜ lshd
fufia i,ld fufkys lsÍfuka ú;¾l ks.%yh fldg" fï úIu
N+ñh blau .;fyd;a" ta oCI fhda.djprfhls' ;ud f;dard .;a
lugykg is; fhdod f.k mhH_Ùldikfhys fo;=ka mehla l,a
f.ùu Tyqg ÿIalr ke;' fõokdfjka mSvd o Tyqg ke;' iudêh
ÈhqKq lr .ekSfï wjia:dj t<ö we;'
u.yeÍ hk hdhq;= u.
oeka wms fhda.djprhdg ;ud hd hq;= u. weyeÍhk ieá o
fmkakd §ug W;aidy lruq' ú;¾l ks.y % fhka chla ,nd .;a wfma
fï fhda.djprhd ndysr lsiÿs fohlg fkd fm,fUkiq¿ wysxil
mqo.
a ,fhls' iqÿiq fhda.djpr .=K fkdue;s je fhda.djpr kñka
isgkq d mqo.
a ,hka foi n, n,d l,af.jQ uyckhd fï mqo. a ,hka
oelSfuka my< lr .kafka ry;=ka jykafia hk yeÕ=fuls' tfyhska
oeka fudyq jgd fkdfhla fokd tf;kakg mgka .kakdy' wkqka
is;a .ekSfï woyiska bßhjq meje;aùu Tyqg fkdlr meyer yeßh
fkd yels ;ekg m;a fjhs' Tjqkf a .a fkdfhla úÈfha is;eÕs bgq
lsÍug fkd f.dia fkd úish yels ;ekg meñfKhs' jáka msáka
fkdfhla úÈfha ,dN - lS¾;s - m%Yxidfjda .,d tkakg mgka .kakdy'
fï msßisÿ woyiska .uka.;a mqo.a ,hd wr ,dN - lS¾;s - m%Yxid uy
ufvys tÍ.ksh's thska f.dv taug fkd yels ;rug fya fï uyufâ
tÍ.kshs' l,a we;s je fï wd§kjh f;areï lrf.k isákakg
neßùu ksid hg ù ;snq flf,ia li< h<s;a u;= jkakg mgka
.ksh's wka; mßydkshlg jefgk" fï fhda.djprhd lsis f,ilska
u;= úh fkdfyk fia ta uyufvys tÍ l,a f.jhs' Tyqg f,djq;r = d
21
.=K wu;l ù we;' iir ÿl nj wu;l ù we;' flf,iqkaf.a uyd
wd§kj rdYsh wu;l ù we;'9 oeka Tyqg ;ud hkafka ljr uf.l
o@ lshd ie,elSfula ke;' iir uyÿla uqyqfoa fm/f<ñka l,a
hjhs' fï mqoa.,hdg isÿjQfha uy úmf;ls' tfy;a Tyqg fyda Tyq
jgd isá ckhdg fyda tn÷ woyfila my< fkd fõ' fï yeu
foku l,a f.jkafka udrhdf.a wêrdcHfha fkd fõ o@ fï
mqÿufhla fkd fõ'
bÈß .ufka§ ,efnk udrl ndOl rdYsh
—odrefKd NsCLfj ,dN iCldr isf,dfld˜10 hkd§ka jod<"
nq ÿ ms h dKka f .a nK is ; g.;a fhda . djprhd wkq k a f .a wem
Wmia:dkhg fkd /jfghs' wkqkq;a wkqkaf.a msoú,s;a uekeúka
f;areï f.k" ;Kayd" jisl fkdù isys kqjK we;sje mßfNda.
flfrñka ;udf.a bÈßhg ;sfnk nrm;< jev /i ms<sn| je
uekeúka f;areula is;ska f.k" Ndjkd ukisldrfha fyd¢ka
fhfohs' fufia wkqka .ek fkd n,d" wkqkaf.a ´kE tmdlï .ek
fkd i,ld" ;udf.a Ndjkd lD;Hh ue jeäÈhqKq lr f.k hdug
W;aidy lrk fun÷ fhda.djprhd .ek fï ld,fha .sys meúÈ
iudc fol u i,lkafka ys;=jlaldr msiail= f,isks' .=Kh okakd"
.=K .rel W;=uka úiska ysi uqÿfkka ms<s.kakd fï ksjka u.g
ms<smka mqoa.,hd" wo jeäysá .sys meúÈ fndfyda fokd i,lkafka
wyl ouk nq,;a fl< msrjQ mälalulg;a jvd my;a fldgh'
wfydaæ iiqka ms<sfj;a u.la msßySfï uyu.g jeà hk yeáæ
nqÿka ry;=ka mjd i,lk" .relrk" wdroaOúßh" id;ÉpldÍ"
ks í ndk iÉýls ß hdfjys hq ; a ; ma m hq ; a ; fhda . djprhd weiq r e
lrkakka yg ;Èka wm%sh mqoa.,fhla fjhs' fuh msßfia u jrfola
fkd fõ' msßig wK fok ks<Odßhdf.a tkï id:,slj .;a jev
ms<sfj<la we;s" ix> mßkdhlhdf.a wO¾u md,kfhys jro h'
9' ,dN iCldr ixhqF;( nq'c' 2'344
10' ixhq( nq'c' 2 « 344
 22
—Ndjkd lrkjd lshd ld,h kdia;slr .kak tmd" mßh;a;sfhys
fhfokak ´kE" wmg;a fï ia:dkhg;a wdorfhka lghq;= lrk
odhlhka i;=gq lrkak ´kE' Tjqkaf.a wdrdOkd oka mskalï" wY=N
o¾YkdÈhg fyd|g fm<.eiS hkakg ´kE" fï ld,fha Th jev
l<dg m%;sM,hl=;a keye' ta ksid Th jeä jev w;yer fyd|g
is , a á l mq ¿ jka ;rñka /lf.k b|S u fyd|d˜ hkq f jks " ta
ix>mßkdhl ;ekf.a ksrka;r foaYkhhs' Èkm;d ,efnk —
iq.f;dajdoh˜ fuka fun÷ foaYkdjka wikakg ,efnk tu msßig
fun÷ mqoa.,hl= wefya jegqKq l=Kla fuka ùu mqÿuhla fkd fõ'
wkqka .ek fyda wkqkaf.a jev .ek fyda fkd n,d ;udf.a Ndjkd
lD;Hh ÈhqKq lr f.k hdug W;aidy lrk fï fhda.djprhd
jeäfofkl=ka yg wm%sh mqoa.,fhla fõ' Tjqkaf.ka ,efnk mSvd
iSud rys; h' Ndjkd is; mj;ajd f.k hdug fudyqg bfvla fkd
,efnhs' fï fhda.djprhd o miqng fkdfõ' fya fufia is;hs'
—pCLqudii h:d wfJOd - fid;jd nêfrd h:d˜11 hhs uydlÉpdhk
uyry;ka jykafia jodf<a —weia we;sj wJOhl= fuka o" lka
we;sj ìysrl= fukao yeisfrkake˜ hhs lshd h' ta ld,fha;a fun÷
;eke;a;ka isákakg we;' wo .ek lshkaku fohla ke;' fufia
is;d fya jeä jeäfhka ffOhH_h jvd Ndjkd ukisldrh lv
fkd fldg lrf.k hhs" Ndjkdfjka l%ufhka ÈhqKqjg m;a fjhs'
ndOl rdYshla ueo
fhda.djprhd wkqka yg tmd ùu fuka u fhda.djprhdg wkqka
tmd ùu o iajdNdúl isoê a hla fia ie,lsh yelsh' kshu f,iska
l,amkd lrkakg fkd yels jQ" .=re wjjdofhka u|la wE;a jQ
fhda.djprhd yg isÿjkakg bv we;s mSvd rdYsh w;s uy;a h' ys;j;=ka
f.ka u|la wE;a ù .sh fudyq kegùug fiiaika muKla fkdj
wfkla fhda.djprfhda u uekúka ie§ isg .ks;'s fï yeu foku"
Ndjkdfõ fhÿKq ;eke;a;d lsiÿs jevlg ke;s mqo. a ,hl= fldg
11' f:r
23
fmkaùug iu;a fj;s' wfydaæ O¾uh fldfyafoda ieÕ ù .;a fia
yefÕhs' Ndjkdfõ fh§ OHdk u. m, ,nkq fjkqjg wo iudcfha
n,mdkd wO¾u fõ.h fhda.djprhdf.a biauÿq k u; lrleùfuka
Tyqg ie,efikafka lsfula o hkq fuhska jgyd .; yels fjhs' wo
ry;a ùug ms<j s kalu we;;a fï id úIu .sys - meúÈ iudcfha
fjfiñka kï Ñ;af;l.a.;d ud;%hl=ÿ ,en .ekau myiq ke;af;a h'
b;d Wiia OHdk ud¾. M, .ek ljr l:do@
fndfyda fhda.djprfhda ;u ;ukaf.a m%Ksêh o fjkia
lrkakdy' tfiau Tjqyq iDcqj tla is;ska tys fhfokafkda o fkd
fj;s' we;eïyq" ksjk myiqfjka ,efnf;d;a ,efnkak;a" ke;s
kï miqj fjk wd;au Ndjhl § th ,nd.ekSfï woyiska fuka
fndfyda fyñka Ndjkdfõ fhfokakg;a bgd .ks;s' fkd fh§
kslïu l,af.jkakka foi n,k úg fuh;a Wiia .=Khla fia
ie,elsh yelsj ;sfí'
fhda.djpr fhda.H;dfjda
fhda.djprhd fõokd úch" ú;¾l ks.%yh" bJøsh úch hk
fuhska iudêfha iaÓr;djlg meñfKk nj m<uq lshk ,§' neyeÍ
mqÕ=,kaf.a úfrdaOh fukau wkqfrdaOh o" wkql+,;dj o .Kka
fkd.; hq;=h' ta fol u fhda.dNHdihg mSvdlr h' ta folska u
mSvd fkd ,nd tajdg wiq fkdù" iaÓr is;e;sj È.g Ndjkd
ukisldrh mj;ajd f.k .sfha kï" Tyqg úo¾Ykd {dkhkaf.a
fldklg fyda m;aúh yelsh' tfy;a fuys § Tyqg .=rejrekaf.a
Wmfoia wjYH fjhs' we;eï úg fï wdjYHl u jQ .=re WmfoaYfhka
mjd msguka ùug lreKq fhfokakg bv ke;af;a fkd fõ' tfyhska
th o l,a we;sje f;areï f.k" Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhÈh hq;= h'
b;d §>_ jQ ld,hla uq¿,af,a mqreÿ l< b÷rka mskùfï l%h
s dj fuka u
fuh fkd jroaod f.k.sh yels fkd jk nj úfYaIfhka i,ld
ys; ;nd .;hq;= lrefKls'
NdjkdrïNfha § ;ud úiska mß;Hd. l< Ôú;h /l .ekSu
.ek kej; kej; is; fkd fhoúh hq;= h' Ôú;sJøsh ms<sn|
 24
ÿn,;dj uekeúka is ; g f.k ta Ôú;h .ek fkd i,ld
ukisldrfhys fhÈh hq;= h' fhda.djprhd ;=< kshu fhda.djpr
woyia ÈhqKq kï" Tyqg ;udf.a Ôú;h lshd fohla ke;' tlska
tlg iïnkaO ù mj;akd mGù wd§ Od;= iuQyh jQ fkd kej;S
mj;akd l%shdldßFjh jYfhka oefkk fï lrclh uy;a ms<sl=,a
fiah Tyqg jegefykafka' tys wdYdjla ;nd wfmaCIdjla mjd ;nd
.ekSfï woyfila Tyqg ke;' th Tyqg wmú;% f.dvls' th ;jÿrg;a
/l n,d .ekSfï wNsreÑfhla o Tyqg ke;' Ôú;h o fkd kej;S
.,k Èh oyrla fia jy jyd ì¢ ì£ hk nj o Tyqg uekeúka
jegeyS we;' fun÷ wjia:djl .; lrk" fhda.djprhl=f.a ndysr
ÿn,lï fldf;l=;a ne,sh yelsh' msg;ska wjg bkakd mqo. a ,hka
Tyq f .a wvq m dvq l ï fidhka k ka jq j fyd;a " tys § jka f ka
fhda . djprhdf.a urKh hs ' fun÷ ixlgdwjia : djka f.ka
fhda.djprhd fírd .ekSug kï fuys ;;= o;a" meiqKq kqjKe;s"
jeäysáhka w;r ks;r .ejeish hq;= h' oro~q" ieoeye u| mqoa.,hka
f.ka wE;a úh hq;= h'
ÿn," kq j K u| mq o a . ,hka fhda . djprhka weiq f rys
Wmia:dkdÈh i|yd fhoùu lSm wf;lska úm;a;shg fya;= fjhs'
b;d ´kElñka mj;ajd f.k hk ms<sfj;a u.g fuh ìysiqKq uy
lgqjegla ùu fukau mqoa.,hkg o Ôú;fha wjidkh f;la
u.yrjd .; fkdfyk kmqre msßySfula o fjhs' ms<sfj;a uf.ys
kshu f,iska is;a i;ka mj;ajd f.k hdug bv lv fkd ,eîfuka
th msßySug o m;a fjhs' thska isÿ jQ foh f;areï .ekSug fkd
yels fjhs' th olakd uyck;dj ms<sfj;a u. .ek o iel
Wmojkakdy' tfyhska fuh fmdÿ iudch ;=< o fndfyda úg
je/È woyia ;yjqre ùug mjd fya;= jkakls'
fyd| ueoafoa ,efnk krl
Ndjkdjg Wmfoia ,nd.kakd l,HdKñ;% wdpdhH_jrhl=f.a
Wmldrhla fkd ,nd ;ud ;=< ;ekam;a lr.;a iq; iïm;a;sh
25
Wmldr lrf.k we;eï mqo. a ,hkg ;u ;ukaf.a Ndjkd ud¾.h
ÈhqKj q g m;a lrf.k hdug fkd neß fkd fõ' iq; iïm;a;f s hka
hq;= je l<K ñ;=re .=reka weiqre lrkakdg mjd Ndjkdfõ m%.;sh
.s,y
s S hdfula fõ kï" l%ñl je m%;m
s ;a;s ud¾.h f.k hdu mud fõ
kï" WmfoaYlhka ke;s je Ndjkdj f.k hkakdyg wvqmdvq ùu
.ek ljr l:d o@ WodyrKhla jYfhka lshf;d;a" iq;iïmkak
fn!oaOhd yg ÈgÀ úiqoêh iïmQ¾K je ;ekam;a ù we;s ieá fyd|g
fmfkhs' fyf;u ;:d.; foaY; s nK mo keje; keje; fmr<
fmr<d i,lñka u ;ud ;=< ÈÜÀ úiqoê a h uekeúka ie§ msÍ ;sfnk
ieá is;d .ksh's fya fï nKmoh .ek is;d is; yod .ksh's
—ldÉpdhkh" fï f,dalhd we;slu ^YdYaj;h& o ke;s lu
^WÉfþoh& o hk me;s fol fndfyda fia weiqre l<y' lÉpdhkh"
mial| my< ùfï fya;=j ;;= fia f;areï .;a ;eke;a;d yg tys
my<jk WfÉPo jdoh ke;' lÉpdhkh" f,dal ksfrdaOh we;sieá
f;areï .;a ;eke;a;d yg YdYaj; jdoh ke;'
lÉpdhkh" fï f,dalhd ;DIaKd - oDIaá keue;s Wmh" Wmdodk"
wNskfs jihka f.ka ne÷fka fjhs' to fï wdhH_Yd% jlhd is;a msyg s k
;eka jQ ta Wmh" Wmdodk wNskf s õihkg m;a fkd fjhs' udf.a
wd;auhe hs fkd .ksh's tys is;a fkd msyg
s j
q hs' Wmokd;dla ÿl u hhs
o" ksreoaO jk;dla ÿlu ksreoO fõ hhs o" fufkys lrhs' wka
i;aFjhl= mqo.
a hl= we;ehs iel fkd flfrhs' lÉpdhkh" Tyqg
wkqka flfrys msygqjd .;a úYajdihla ke;s je Ndjkduh {dkh ue
fuys ,efí' lÉpdhkh" fuf;lska iïudÈÜÀh we;af;la fjhs'12
fuys w. i|yka jk jpk f;a r eï fkdf.k ÿn,
fhda.djprhdg iuudÈgÀ kdufhka i|yka ÈgÀ úiqoêh" ;ud;=<
jeã ;sfnk nj;a" lu_M, úYajdih uekeúka ;ud ;=< ;sfnk
neúka lÙLdú;rK úiqoaêh o fkdwvqj jeã ;sfnk nj;a is;d
.kakg bv ;sfí'
12' ixhq( 2 « 28
 26
fï ÿ¾úpdrh uev,Sug fuys i|yka —wkqka flfrys msygqjd
.;a úYajdihla ke;sj Ndjkduh {dkh u fuys ,efí˜ hkak uekeúka
f;areï .; hq;h = ' ÈÜÀ úiqoê a h;a lXLdú;rK úiqoê a h;a hk fol
u kdurEm mßfÉPo {dkh;a iuÕ ÈhqKj q g m;aúh hq;= h' iudêh
ÈhqKq ùfuka Ñ;a; úiqoê a h imsßh hq;= h' t;eka mgka uekeúka
lïuÜGdk ukisldrh meje;aúh hq;= h' th lrk yeá .=rekaf.ka
W.; hq;= h'
Ndjkdfõ fh§ug iqÿiqlï'
Ndjkdfõ fh§ug iqÿiaid ;=< ,eìh hq;= .=KdX. my ^5& la
§>ksldfha ix.S;s iQ;%fhys i|yka fjhs' ta fufiah(
1' weje;ak"s fuys uyKf;u ieoeye we;af;a fjhs' —ta N.j;af;fï
fï fï lreKska w¾y;a h" iuHlaiïnqoaO h" úoHdjkaf.ka yd
prKO¾uhkaf.ka iïmQ¾K h" iq.; h" f,dalúÿ h" ksre;a;r
mqreIouHidrÒ h" foõñksiakg Ydia;Dh" nqoaO h" N.j;a he˜ hs
;:d.;hka jykafiaf.a fndaêh ^i;ru. kqjK& woyhs'
2' frda. ke;af;a ksÿla jQfha" b;d YS; o fkd jQ" b;d WIaK o fkd jQ"
uOHu jQ" m%Odk ùhH_h jeãug fhda.H jQ" iuf,i wyr meijk
Word.aksfhka hqla; fjhs'
3' Ydia;DDka jykafia flfrys fyda kqjKe;s in%ïirejka flfrys
fyda ;;a jQ mßÈ ish jro fy<s lrkafka" YG fkd jQfha udhd
ke;af;a fjhs'
4' Yla;s we;af;a oeä W;aidy we;af;a" l=i,a oyïys nyd fkd ;enQ
jer we;af;a" wl=i,a oyuqka my lrkq msKsi" l=i,a oyuqka
,en.ekau msKsi mßmqka ùhH_h we;af;a fjhs'
5' msßisÿ jQ" flf,iqka úoe,Sug iu;a" fufkdjg ÿla jekeiSug
hk kqjKska hql; a jQfha" Wohdia;.dñKS m%{dfhka iukaú;
jQfha" m%{dj;a fjhs'
fuys m<uqjekafkka Tlmamk ieoeyeh - tkï nqÿrcdKka
jykafia flf¾ n,j;a meye§ï .;sh - lshefjhs' fojekakka
27
lshefjkafka ksfrda.N
s djh yd thg wod< jQ Ndjkdjg u Tfrd;a;=
fok uOHu ;;aFjfha cGrd.akh s la we;slu h' ;=kj
a ekafkka we;s
w.=K jid f.k isàu yd ke;s .=K fmkaùfï .;sh ke;slu o"
i;r jekafkka n,j;a je meje;s wdroaOúßh .=Kh o" miajekafkka
ixialdrhka ms<sn| Woh jh fol m%lg je oefkk flf,iqka
is¢k m%{d.=Kh o m%ldYs; hs'13
mOdkshx. hkq Ndjkdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhdg wh;a Wmldrl
O¾ufhda h' fuu wx. misk;q a hq;= je f.k iqÿiq l,HdK ñ;%hl=
,ofyd;a Tyqg wê.uh fyj;a ks¾jdK idCId;a lrKh b;d myiq h'
fuys i|yka ;=kj
a k lreK .ek fjfiiska ie,elsh hq;= h' m%:udx.h
kqjK yd iujj fhdod ÈhqKq lr .; hq;= h' isjj q ekafkka i|yka
jk úßh .=Kh iudêh;a iuÕ ÈhqKj q g f.khd hq;= h' miajekafkka
i|yka jk kqjK Wohính {dkh hs'
úfYaI jYfhka fuys i|yka l< .=Kdx.hg fhda.djprhkaf.a
is;a fhduq lrùu iqÿiq fia i,lñ' ieoeye;s ixidr ysrelhkaf.ka
fï .=Kdx.h iajNdjfhka imsfrk kuqÿ" ,dNluH;dÈ ÿ¾.=Kfhka
Woï jQ wys ß l wfkd;a ; ma m S mq o a . ,hka fï .= K h ì|f.k
fhda.Ndjkdjg o kqiÿq iaika jk ieá o wmg fmfka'
is; ÈhqKqjg m;ajk yeá'
1' fkdfhla úÈfha flf,ia ,ygqj isf;ys ;ejfrk úg" ta is;
wmsßisÿ fjhs' rd.h" oafõIh" udkh" ÈÜÁh hkd§ kïj,ska
lshfjk flf,ia .ek is;ak' —rfF;d fnd n%dyuK" rdf.k
mßhdÈJkúfF;d wF;jHdndOdh ms fpf;;s" mßjHdndOdh ms
fpf;;s" WNhjHdndOdh ms fpf;;s" rdf.mySfk fkjF;jHdndOdh
ms fpf;;s" k mßjHdndOdh ms fpf;;s" k WNhjHdndOdh ms
fpf;;s" k fp;islx ÿCLx máixfjfo;s˜14 hkdÈh i,lkak'
13' §> ks' 3 « 400
14' wx' ks' ;slks
 28
—n%dyauKh" rd.fhka hq;a rd.fhka f.jd.;a l=i,is;a we;sfha
;udyg mSvd msKsi o l%shd flfrhs' furudyg mSvd msKsi o
l%shd flfrhs' fomig u mSvd msKsi;a ls%shd flfrhs' rd.h
m%ySK jQ l,ays ;uyg mSvd msKsi;a l%shd fkd flfrhs'
furudyg mSvd msKi s ;a l%h
s d fkd flfrhs' fomig u;a mSvd
msKi s l%h
s d fkd flfrhs' ffp;isl ÿl ^fodïki& fkd ú|S˜'
2' flf,iau, whska ùfuka is;ays mj;afka msßisÿlu h' túg
tys .=Khg bv ie,efihs' fï flf,iau, whska ùu bfíg u
fyda f,fyisfhka fyda isÿ fkd fjhs' ta i|yd fndfyda jdr
.Kkla W;aidy oeßh hq;= h' iaj¾Kh msßisÿ lrkakdf.a l%h s d
mrïmrdj fuys § i,ld ne,Su jà' msßisÿ l< hq;= iaj¾Kfha
u, ne¢ wjia:d lSmfhla we;' ta ta wjia:djg lefmk wkaoug
,efnk;dla u,lv msßisÿ jk f,iska iqÿiq foa fhdod ,Sfuka
tajd lemS msßiqÿ jkieá ie,elsh hq;= h' flf,iqka ms<n
s |jo
iajNdjh fufia h' ta i|yd uy;a jerla .; hq;j= we;' .=Khg
bv ie,efikafka fulS wkaoug h' fï fhdok jerh fkd
kj;ajd mj;ajd f.k hd hq;= h' —hx ;x mqßi:dfuk mqßi
úßfhk mqßi mrClfuk mF;nnx k ;x wmdmqKFs jd úßhii
iJ:dkx yúii;s˜15 —mqreIhdf.a ùhH_fhka mqreIhdf.a :du
n,fhka" mqreIhdf.a mrdl%ufhka hula ,en.; hq;= o@ thg
,eîu jYfhka fkd meñK ùhH_fha keje;afula fkd fõ˜'
hkd§ka joy< whqßka fkd kj;ajd th mj;ajd f.k hd hq;=
fjhs' ùhH_fha wka;rd ixfldaph ^w;rl yels<Su - fyj;a
Ndjkd l¾uh kj;d,Su& wka;rdhlr h' fufia fyhska ùhH_fha
w.h f;areï .; yels fjhs' l=¿f.äfhka .id .,la lvkakd
foig is; fhdokak' Tyq thg fkd kj;ajd myr §f.k hhs'
wka;sfï § ta uy l¿., leã ì£ hhs' .f,a ure w; n,d ÿka
15' wx' ks' ÿl ks'
29
tla l=¿f.ä myßkqÿ we;eï .,a leã hhs' th jQfha úßhg
kqjK;a wêfudlaLh;a fhdod l< fyhsks'
3' fufia u fhda.djprhdg ieoeye .=Kh b;du;a m%fhdack jk
ieá i,ld .; yels fjhs' ta ieoeyeke;s" ieoeye .=Kfhka
f;;ukhla fkd ,o Ñ;a;ika;dkh uqvì q ula jeksh' uqvì
q fï
lrk j.dj yßhkafka ke;' ke;akï ta ìu j.djlg iqÿiq
ke;' ieoeye .=Kh ysia ùfuka r¿ jQ lel=¿ jQ is;ai;ka o
iS,d§ .=K j.djlg iqÿiq fkdfjhs' tys .=Kìcqjg me<ùug
iqÿiq ke;' tys ,efnkafka úh,s woyia h' ta úh,s woyia ksid
ksis Wiia .=Khg lsisfia;a ysñlï lsh fkdyels h'
4' fï wkqj i,lk l,e iïnqÿiiqkl ,efnk .=K iuqodh jQ
l,S b;du;a l%udkql,+ jQ o" wfkHdkH iïnkaO;djla we;s jQ
o" ixj¾Ok l%uhla úoyd olajhs' .=K iuqodh ixj¾Okh o
mdßY=oaêh;a iaÓr;ajh;a b;du;a Wiia ;eklg m;a flfrk
wOHd;auhg iïnkaO úYsIag l%shd rdYsfhls' tajd fld;rï
ÈhqKq jqj;a hq., jYfhka fkd .e<fmhs kï tlg tlaldiq
fkdfõ kï w¾:isoaêh b;d wE; h'
Ndjkd is;g Y%oaOd§ bkaJøshhka n,mdk yeá
^w& ieoeye kï isf;a mekkef.k wêfudCL l%h s dj h' thska wruqK
tmd fkd fõ' th w;yer fkd ouhs' th kSri je fkd oefkhs' fiiq
.=K ika;dkh u;= ùug Wmldr îchl iajNdjh .ksh's O¾umCIh
tmd jkakg bv fkd § w; §fï l%h s dj o fuys we;=<;a fjhs'
^wd& i;s kï Ñ;a;fha WmgGdk lD;Hh hs' tkï fyd| lreKq
u;=lr ;eîu h' thska ish¨ m%udo mCIh ^mudjg fya;=jk oE& u.
yrjd wm%udo mCIh u;=lr fohs' i;sh ke;s ;ek m%udoh jevlrhs'
i;sh ks;r t<U ;sfí kï" tys fkd jrojd wm%udoh jefâ' ish¨
l=i,aoyï o thska u imsfrhs'
 30
^we& úßh kï udkisl jQ m%.%y lD;Hh hs' th is; jefgkakg
fkd §" yelsf<kakg bv fkd ;nd" is; l=i,a úIfhys Tijd ;nd
.kshs' lugyka wruqfKka is; yexf.kafka fï lD;Hh ke;slfï
mdvqfjks'
^wE& iudêh kï udkislj ,efnk wúfCIm lD;Hh hs' fuhska
isÿjkafka is; tl wruqKl ;ekam;a lr ;nd .ekSug Wmldr ùu hs'
fï .=Kh ke;s ùfuka isf;a weúiaiu
S ie,fihs' ÑF;gÀ;s" tl..;d
hk kïj,ska i|yka jkafka fï .=Kh uehs" fuh úßh .=Kh yd
tl;= ùfuka M,j;a fõ'
^b& m[[dj kï udkislj ,efnk oY_k lD;Hh hs' fuh
msßisÿj mj;akd ;rug wruqKg;a ldhH_ uKav,hg;a t<sh
ie,efihs' fï O¾uh ms<sn| ÈhqKqfõ w.h jpkfhka lshd wjika
l< fkdfya' fuh wêfudlaL l%shdj ie,efik Y%oaOdj yd fhdod
,Sfuka kshu M,h ie,efikafka h'
fufia fï udkisl l%h
s djka hq., hq., je ÈhqKj
q g m;a ù tal
ri jk wjiA:djla ,efí' tal ri ùu kï m%Odk wruqKg iïnkaO
je l%h
s dldÍ;dj fyda wixL; Od;=j m%;HCI lsÍfï ldhH_fhys §
tlai;aj meje;Su hs' fï lshk ,oafoa Yu: úo¾Ykdjka ms<n s |
wjia:d fol u i,ld f.kh' ldudjpr ;;aFjh blau f.k uyoa.;
wjia:djg yeÍfï § o ud¾.M, ,eîu we;s ùfï § o" thska OHdk
kï jQ w¾mKdj yd f,daflda;; a r ud¾. wjia:dj o ie,efihs'
5' nqÿmshdKka jykafia ;ukajykafiaf.a wkq.dñlhka ms<sn|
.=K ÈhqKqj u w.h fldg ie,el+ fial' ueÿï iÕsfha tk
Oïuodhdo iq;=r n,kak'
6' idudkH isf;l fldf;l=;a ÿn,;d my< jkakg bv we;af;a
h' m%udofha jeà l,a f.jk mqo.
a ,hdg ÿn,lï .ek yeÕ=ful=ÿ
ke;' is; ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSug W;aidy .kakd yg is;a;=<
yg.kakd ÿn,lï u.yrjd .ekSfï is;a my< fjhs' tfia
tajd u.yrjd .ekSug kï i;sh - isysh uekeúka ;nd.;
31
hq;= h' ;ekam;a lr .ekSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk is; hglr
f.k .,df.k tk ú;¾l Odrdj uev.; yels jkqfha tfia
fyd¢ka isysh ;sfnk úg h'
7' iir meje;au ms<sn| ixfõ.h uekeúka i,ldf.k we;a;
jYfhka u tu ixfõ.h mj;ajd .; hq;= h' neßlï fyda
flf,ianr fyda fld;rï jeã .sh;a i;sh w;a fkd yer mj;ajd
.kakjd kï m%udohg fkd jeà is;a yiqrejd .kakg fkd yels
jkafka ke;'
8' is; ;=< my< jk iq¿ jrolg jqj o" bv lv ,eîfuka isÿjkafka
hgù we;s flf,ia n,uq¿jg bv lv i,id §fuls' w,amud;%
jQ o jrfoys ìh olakd iq¿ jQfha YsCIdmohka fudfkdjg f.k
yslafuhs' —wkqufF;iq jfcciq Nhoiidú˜16 hhs jodf<a isf;a
flf,iqkg bv fkd § is;ayir mj;ajd .ekSu ms<sn|j h'
flf,iqkaf.a mßhqÜGdkhg bv fkd ;nd i;r bßhõ
meje;aùu h wm%udo úydrh' thska mr f.a je/È ksidj;a tajd
is;g joaod f.k fyda ;u is;a i;ka ls<sá lr fkd .kak'
fkd ikaiqka lr fkd .kak'
9' —fhd mnnð cd;s i;dks m[p - mydh ldudks ufkdrudks˜17
hkd§ka nqÿmshdKka jykafia jodf<a oïfifkú ießhq;a ysñhka
w;rla ke;sj cd;s-wd;auNdj mkaishhla mialï wruqKqj,ska
fjkalr ;nd.ekSfï uy mqÿu msßiqÿ mqreoaola we;a;l= nj h'
fuh ksid is;g ie,efikafka fklaLïud§ fyd| mqreÿ
iuqodhls' msßisÿ isf;a mqÿu ÈhqKqfjls'
10' wßh mßfhaikh f;areï .; hq;= h' wkßh mßfhaikh f;areï
.; hq;= h' wkßh mßfhaikhg fhduq l< is; ìysiK q q h' tys
oeyeñ njla weÕjqj;a tnkafola ke;s' tn÷ is;la we;a;yqg
16' w' ks ( nq' c' 11 - 12 msg
17' iï fya' uq' 3
 32
oeyeñ l:d reÑ jkafka ke;' tys fu;a l=¿Kq .=K ke;' we;s
fia fmfka kï ta msg;sks' j[apksl jYfhks' yuqjk;dla
i;aFj ixialdrhka fm<d,Su tys m%lY lD;Hh hs'
11' fï i;aFjhka ÿIalr je md,kh jk fuu Ôú;fha kshu ;;=
yßyeáhg olsf;d;a" is;d n,f;d;a fudfyd;l=ÿ mudjg fkd
jeà oeyeñ jefvys fhfokq we;'
12' úo¾Ykdj;a" úo¾Ykdj i|yd Yu:h;a hk fofla § u ksr;=re
u;=ù tkafka mdrñ;d l=Y,l¾u iuQyfhls' tn÷ mdrñ;d
l=Y,fhlays wju úmdl jYfhka ,eìh hq;af;a Nj .%kaÓ
jefvk wdldr iqfLdamfNda.S WmlrK rdYsfhlehs fkd is;ñ'
tn÷ WmlrKj,ska ,efnk ksrdñI myqiqj" iekis,a, tn÷
WmlrK ke;sj ue ie,eiSu tys M,h úh hq;= h' fï ksidu
mdrñ;d mqKHfhda Nj.%kaÓ leãfï Yla;sh ,nd f.k isá;s'
ud fhda.djprhl= jQfha l=ug o@
1' —yeu úgu b÷rka mskùug n,dfmdfrd;a;f = jka" yeu jevl
§ u thg uq,a;ek §ug bÈßm;aj we;s .sysf.h" iir ÿlg fyd|g
u iïnkaOlï we;af;a h' tys we;s .sys lïlfgd¨ ug fmfkhs'
tfyhska .sysf.h ÿla /ialrk ;efkls hs isf;hs' ÿla.sks yeu
;eku fmfkhs' wúoHdfjka uq<dj ;DIaKdjg odilï lrk .syh s dg
fï ÿla.sks yeu me;af;ka u tkieá fkd fmfkhs' l=i,a oyïj,g
tys bvla ke;' thg ,efnkqfha fkdfhla úÈfha ndOd /fils'
flf,iqkaf.a ìysiqKqlu ug jegyS .sfha h' flf,iqka jefvk
ÿla.k
s s fnda lrk tu .syf
s .h kmqre j,ai;=ka f.ka msß jk,eyenla
fia isf;kakg úh' tfyhska uu ffkIal%uH woyila my<lr
.;sñ'˜ fï" ÿl f;areï lr.;a fhda.djprfhl=f.a l:djls'
2' ÿla.sks /i my< jkafka lu_ kue;s .sks uq,alr f.k h'
lu_ .sksj,g uq, flf,ia .sks /i h' fï .sks ;=kaj.h ue
iïmQ¾Kfhka ksù hkafka úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjl Wiia m%;sM,h
33
jyfhks' taldka;fhka ry;a nj ,nd.kakd ;=re iïmQ¾Kfhka
fï .sks /i ksfjkafka ke;' Tyq fhda.djprhl= jQfha fï woyia
/i is;ska f.k h' ta i|yd ;ud úiska l<ukd jev yd msrejukd
ms<sfj; o" msßisÿ je oekf.k úish hq;= h' fï i|yd bÈßm;a lr
.kafka f,djq;=rd .=K /iska w.;eka m;a iïudiïnqÿ mshdKka
jykafia fmkakd ÿka W;=ï Wmfoia iuQyh hs'18
3' fï i|yd uu iS,ixjrh fj; udf.a wjOdkh fhdoñ'
tys § uu th lv fkd fldg" isÿre iEfokakg fkd §" win, je"
wlïudi je" ;DIaKd oDIaá folska ;Èka w,a,d fkd f.k" Èú
fofjks fldg /l.ksñ' thska udf.a ldhsl l%shdjkaf.a yd jdpisl
l%shdjkaf.a;a msßisÿlu ie,efikq we;' fufia is;g tlÕ je
uekeúka rlsk iS,h u fiiq Wiia .=Kfhka ud is;a;=< ÈhqKqjg
m;alr .ekSug msysgla jkq we;'
4' ó<Õg uu bJøsh ixjrh fj; udf.a wjOdkh fhduq
lrñ' th rlskakd jQ uu wei" lK" keyeh" Èj" lh" uki hk
bJøsh fodrj,a ifha isysh msysgqjd f.k" flf,ia wruqKqj,ska is;
msßisÿ fldg ;nd .ksñ' th udf.a wm%udo m%;sm;a;sh jkq we;' ta
u.ska ud n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk iS,úiqoaêhg n,j;a /ljrKhla
ie,efikafka h' iaÓrFjhg muqKqj fkd .;a iS,fhlska Wiia
.=Kfhda u;=l< fkd fykakdy' —whx m;sgGd OrKSj mdKSkx˜19 hs
jod< mßÈ uyfmd<j fia fï iS,h .=Khkg msysg jkafka h'
5' fï wm%udo m%;smodj uekeúka /l .ekSug kskao wvq lr
Èúmeje;aùu jQ cd.ßhdkq fhda.h ;a" wdydr .ekSfï § ksiairK
woyia u;=fldg ;nd .ekSfuka fNdcfka u;a;[û;dj ;a hk
Ou_ fol b;d oeä wêIaGdkfhlska wdrCId lr .ksñ'
18' ix' ks' wdÈF; mßhdh iqF;
19' ñ' m'
 34
6' fï yeu .=Khla u wvmK fkd ù" w;rl k;r fkd ù mj;ajd
f.k hdug kï n,j;a ùhH_hla mj;ajd .; hq;= h' —hx ;x mqßi
:dfuk mqßi úßfhk mqßi mrClfuk mF;nnx" k ;x wmdmqKsFjd
úßhii iJ:dkx Núii;s˜20 hs jdod< mßÈ" mqreIhdf.a [dK:dufhka
mqreIhdf.a ùhH_fhka mqreIhdf.a mrdl%ufhka hï W;=ï f,djq;r= d
.=Khlg meñKsh hq;= o@ thg fkd meñK" th fkd ,nd mgka.;a
ùhH_h fkd kj;ajkafkañZhs oeä j .;a wêIaGdkfhlska hq;=j
ffp;isl ùhH_h ;a" ldhsl ùhH_h ;a mj;ajd f.k hk wmamájdks;dj
uu ÈhqKq lrñ' tfiau th iuÕ —wiJ;=gÀ;d p l=if,iq Ofuuiq˜21
hs jod< mßÈ wfmaCId lrk W;a;ud¾:fhka fumsg ,efnk" hï
ljr .=Kfhlskqÿ ;Dma; fkd jk iajNdjfhlska hqla; fjñ'
7' ud úiska lv fkd fldg hd hq;= jk" m%;m
s ;a;h
s fyj;a jev
ms<f
s j<" ud uekeúka ksielj u oek isáh hq;= h' m%udoh wE;g
;,a¨ fjkakd jQ o" wm%udo mCIh ksrka;r je msÍ hkakdjQ o"
i;sh;a iïmc[a[h;a lv fkd ù ud ;=< ÈhqKq úh hq;= nj uu ks;r
i,lñ' th uf.a u Ôú;hg iïnkaO fldg f.k mj;ajdf.k
hdug uu ;Èka is;g f.k jdih lrñ'
8' ud ÿl f;areï fldg f.k l,a heúh hq;= h' tfyhska
lh i;mamdf.k úiSug ´kE lrkakd jQ o" neyer iemhg .scq jQ
is; ks;r ks;r b,a,dkakd jQ o" iqfLdamfNda.S WmlrKhka fiùug
uu fkd hkafkñ' nqÿmshdKKa jykafia" —l,sX.rEmOdkd NsCLfj
t;rys uu idjld úyrJ;s" wmmuF;d wd;dmsfkd˜22 hkd§ka —uyfKks"
,S fldghla fldÜgh i|yd fhdod f.k udf.a Y%djlfhda mud
fkd ù" flf,iqka ;jk ùhH_fhka hq;=j fï ld,fha jdih lfr;s'
Tjqka tfia jdih lrk fyhska flf,ia uryq bv fkd ,nd bj;a
jkakdy'˜ hkqfjka jod<y'
20' wx' ks' nq' c' ks 1 -100 msg
21' wx' ks' nq' c' ks 1 -100 msg
22' ix' ks' Tmuu ixhqF;h
35
9' —m,,fXCk ksisJkii - cKKqfl kdNsjii;s"
w,x Mdiqúydrdh - mys;F;ii NsCLqfkd'˜23
hkqfjka ießhq;a ysñhka jod< mßÈ" flf,iqka ;jk ùhH_fhka
hq;a uyKyqg hï fikiqkl m<la ne|f.k bkakd l,ays jeiai
fo oK fkd f;ud kï ta fikiqk myiq úyrKhg iqÿiq h' flf,ia
W,am;g wiq fkdjk fyhska fï myiq úyrKh u.m, ksjka m%;HCI
lr .ekSug Wmldr fjhs'
10' ;Kfld< we;sß,a,l fyda iïlv t<d f.k tys fyda
ys¢fuka l,a f.ùu u. m, ksjka w;am;a lr.eksfï uyd ud¾.h
hs' fldg¿jd hï lsis ;ekl b;d iq¿ fõ,djla ksokakd fuka ud
o ksÈ nyq, fkd úh hq;= h' ud úiska kskoa wvqlr .; hq;= h' ljr
fyhska o@ kskoa kï m%udohg fya;= h' th flf,ia ureka yg
wjldY ,efnk wjia:dfjls'
11' —fhda.djprhd fkdksohs˜ hkak uu fyd¢ka f;areï f.k
isáñ' tfyhska uu fikiqka fidh fidhd we| we;sß,s wdÈh fidh
fidhd fkd fjfyfiñ' ta .ek is;ú s ,s ud;%hla mjd ud my< lrf;d;a
uu fhda.djpr Ou_h lv lrkafkla fjñ' fhda.djprhd kï fkd
mud mqo.a ,hd h' fya lsij
s l ;Èka t,a,S ke;'
12' fhda.djprhd hïlsis ,o fohlska i;=gq jkafkls' tfyhska
hï lsis wiakla ,ofyd;a" tys m¾hxlh ne|f.k Ndjkd ukisldrfhys
fhfohs' tys § ÓkñoaOdÈfhka fm<k wjia:djla wdfjd;a fya ilauka
lrhs' h<s;a m¾hxlfhka l,a hjhs' fufia l,a f.jk fhda.h s d
kskoa g hdu i|yd ilia ùula fkd m;hs' flf,iqkf a .ka fmf<k
is;g h m%udo kskoa g bv ,efnkafka' we;eï úgl ilaufka wd,ïnk
rÊcqfõ t,a,f S .k bkakd úfgl fyda m¾hxlfhys bkakd úfgl
fyda ú;la; ika;dkh Njx.hg jeàfuka tla;rd meje;afulska
ksød lD;Hhla isÿfjk ieá lsh yels h' we;eï fhda.k S g
a we;eï
23' f:rd
 36
Èfkl § ? odj,a fofla § u fun÷ ÿn,;djl=ÿ ke;s je l,a f.ùug
ms<js kalu ;sfnk ieá wm oel we;' fkd ksod bkafka fldfydu oe
hs m%Yk
a kef.kafka fhda.l¾uh kshu f,iska fkd okakjqka úisk's
13' kshu wkaoñka fhda.djpr ;;a;ajhg m;a jQjyqg mjd
ixidßl mßph;a ¥Is; mßirhlg jeàu;a fya;= fldg f.k"
kxjd.;a Wiia fklaLïu woyi .s,syS hkakg bv ;sfí' tfyhska
tn÷ wjia:dj,ska wdrlaId ùug fkd leã mj;ajdf.k hk wOHdYh
iïm;a;sfhlska yd ;udyg n,mdkd flf,ia ÿn,;djka uekeúka
y÷kdf.k l,K ñ;=rka flfrys n,j;a weoeys,su;a .;sfhlskq;a
hq;= je úish hq;= h' —ug jrÈkafka ke;˜ hk udkS woyi
iïmQ¾Kfhka lvdf.k úish hq;= h'
14' iqÿiq l,K ñ;=rl= ,oafoa kï fhda.djprhd ta l,K
ñ;=rd flfrys u ;o úYajdih ;ndf.k iajlSh fhda.S jev lrf.k
hd hq;h
= ' ljr fohla i|yd fyda ta f.khk jev ms<f
s j< kj;ajd,k
lsisu jevlg iïnkaO fkd úh hq;= h' Tyqf.a .uk ndOl
id.rfhl h' tfyhsks'
wrUk jev Èrdm;afjk ieá'
1' fhda.djprhd uekúka ÿrÈ. n,d jev lrkafkl= úh hq;=
h' f,!lsl woyiska uevqKq msßyS.hs udkisl Yla;h s we;s we;eï
mqo.
a ,hka Wiia jev mgka.ekSfï § ruKSh jQ o úia;r = e jQ o" úúO
ud;Dld bÈßm;a fldg ckhd l=,u a ;a lrk ieá;a" ál Èfklska ta
ud;Dldjkg fh¥ woyia uldf.k wka u.l hk ieá;a wmg fmfka'
fuhska we;eï jev Èrd m;afjk ieá wmg jgyd.; yels h' Èrdm;aùu
ixL; O¾uhkg wh;a iajNdj O¾ufhls' ta Èrdhdu iïmQ¾Kfhka
f;drù we;af;a wixL;fhys h' tfyhska wixL; ;;a;j a hg m;ajk
;=re Èrdm;a ùu je<elaúh fkdyelsh hs lshkakg o neß ke;'
fuys wm úia;r lrkakg woyia l< Èrdm;a ùu th fkd fõ'
2' ck;djf.a is;a .kakd woyiska" wkqkayg fmkakqï lsÍfï
l=yl m%;sm;a;s wkq.ukfhka kd kd udÈ,sfha j%; úëka bÈßm;a
37
lrkafkda isá;s' we;eï cd;l l:dj, o kshu m%;sm;a;sfhlska
f;dr je .;a j%; úëka uyck;dj yuqfjys u Èrdm;a jQ ieá wmg
olskka g ,efí' §>ksldfha iQ;%fhl ^mdÀl iQ;%fhys& o ndysrl
;jqika lSm fofkl=ka mqÿu t<jk wkaofï j%; iudodkfhka hq;j =
l,la jdih fldg ta ish¨ j%;drïNhka Èrdm;a jk ;ekg jeà
msßyS .sh ieáhla i|yka fjhs' ful, o we;eï flfkla fn!oaO
;;a;j a hl=;a ordf.k" È.g mj;ajd ,kakg ÿIalr jQ .=K iajrEm jQ
jev wrUd Tjqkag ;a m<uq tajd Èrdm;a jk ieá n,d lsisÿ
ixfõ.hl=ÿ ke;sje l,a f.jkakdy'
3' wdrïNfha § fhdok .eUqre ud;Dld we;s jev o fndfydafokd
w;r Èrdm;a jk ieá wmg fmfkhs' fuys § fufia ùug lreKq
folla wmg bÈßm;a fjhs' tlla kï lrkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;j = la
ke;sj" lsÍfuys wNHdihla fkd ,nd m%pdrhg fyd| ud._h hk fï
yeÕSu u uq,a lrf.k tys fh§u hs' wfkla lreK" m%;m s ;a;h
s Ôjk
jD;a;h
s la jYfhka f.khdfï múgq ixl,amh hs' fï folg u uq,
fn!oaO m%;sm;a;sh f.k hd hq;af;a jpkfhka fkdj is;ska"
ksiairK woyiska nj fkd ;elSu hs'
Èrdm;a fkdjk ieá'
1' fhda.djprhd iajlSh wdrïNhka Èrdm;a jkakg fkd§"
fudfyd;ska fudfyd; ;udf.a yeu fyd| ms<sfj;la ue" jeä
jeäfhka ÈhqKqjg hk ieáhg fhda.fhys fhÈh hq;= h' fuhg
Wmldr jkafka ksjka wruqK ue ;Èka is;g ldjoaod .ekSu h'
uq,ska jev wrUd ta werUQ jev Èrdm;a jkakg bv yeÍug fya;=
jkafka O¾uuh yeÕSu wvqlu nj lsj hq;= h'
2' —i;x p Ofuud k crx Wfm;s˜24 hs jodf<a nqÿmshdKka
jykafia úisk's i;amr
q eIhkaf.a O¾uh Èrdm;a fkd fõ hkq tys
woyi hs' tfyhska fhda.djprhd ;ud wrUk fhda.jev ms<sn|
yeufohla u i;amrq eIhkaf.a O¾uhg iïnkaO l< hq;= h' th o
24' O' m' crd j..
 38
uekeúka f;areï f.k ue l< hq;= jQ o" mj;ajd f.k hd hq;= jQ o
jev ms<f
s j<la nj úfYaIfhka ie,lsh hq;= h'
3' f,dalh ;a" f,dalfhys we;s iú[a[dKl wú[a[dKl
foa;a is;ska ;Èka fyda hï;ñka fyda nodf.k ;udf.a is; ;ekam;a
lr .ekSug fld;rï oeÕ¨j;a" fld;rï ;¾l kHdh boßm;a
l<;a th isÿlr .kakg kï lsisfia;a fkd yels h' Tn Tfí is;
;ekam;a lr .ekSug is;kjd kï" Tn úiska m<uqfjka ue l<
hq;af;a i;a;aj ixialdrhka flfrys Tn is;a ;=< n,mdk ne£ï
fyd|g úuid ne,Su h' B<Õg ta nkaOkhka áflka ál lvd
whskalr .kak' fuh kshu is;ska ue isÿlrkak' tl,e is; ye§u
wmyiq ke;' ke;akï Tn lrkak yokafka wkqka /jàfï uyd
m%h;akfhls' Tõ" ish¨ ne£ï" .eàï fol ue uekúka fidhd n,d
tajd tlska tl whska lr oukak' Tng ch.; yels fjhs'
4' fhda . djprhdf.a uQ , s l mrud¾:h b;d Wiia Ñ;a ;
mrïmrdjla l%ufhka ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSu hs' th f,fyis ke;'
O¾uuh woyia iuQyfhlska ue ;udf.a Ñ;a; ika;dkh imqrd,Su
myiq ke;' ta i|yd iqÿiq ue l%ufhla ;sfí' ta fufia hs(
—ioOdcdf;d WmiXlu;s" WmiXlufJ;d mhsremdi;s" mhsremdifJ;d
fid;x Toy;s" Tys; fidf;d Ouux iqKd;s" iqFjd Ouux Odfr;s"
O;dkx Ouudkx wF:x WmmßCL;s" wF:x WmmßCLf;d Ouu
kscCOdkx LuJ;s' Ouu kscCOdkCLJ;shd i;s PfJod cdh;s'
PJodcdf;d Wiiy;s' WiiysFjd ;=,h;s' ;=,hsFjd moy;s'
mys;fF;d iudfkd ldfhk fpj mru ippx ipýlfrd;s
m[[dhp kx w;súcCO mii;s'˜
5' —yg.;a ieoeye we;sfha t<efUhs' t<efUkqfha m¾hHqmdik
flfrhs' m¾hHqmdik lrkqfha lka k;= flfrhs' k;= l< lka
we;sfha oyï wihs' wid oyï orhs' oerE oyï ys wre;a msßlaihs'
wre;a msßlaikqjyg O¾ufhda jegfy;s' oyï jegySu ^OuukscCOdk
39
CLk;s& we;s l,ays l¾;=luH;d Pkaoh Wm§' yg.;a Pkao we;sfha
W;aidy flfrhs' W;aidy ^jEhï& fldg ;=,kh ^wks;HdÈ úiska
;SrKh& flfrhs' ;=,kh fldg m%OkaùhH_ flfrhs' ksjkg fufyhQ
is;a we;af;a ue ^kdu& lhskÿq i;Hh ^ksjk& m%;HlaI flrhs m%{dfh
kqÿ lf,ia úksúo olS'˜ 25
6' fuys wdrïNfha mgka ks¾jdK idlaId;aldrh olajd wjia:d
12 la i|yka fõ' tys uq,ska i|yka jkafka O¾uuh YÍrh ilia
lsÍug Wmldr jQ ioaOd .=Kh hs' fuhska fhda.djprhd yg Y%oaOdj
wdjYHl uQ,sl lreKla nj i,ld .; yels h' ieoeyefhka
f;drj wrUk fhda.djpr jev Èrdm;a jk ieá fuys uq,ska i|yka
lrk ,§' fhda.djprhdf.a fhda.l¾uh id¾:l ùug kï ieoeye
.=Kh fmroeß úh hq;= h' thska f;dr kï ta Ñ;a; ika;dkh úh,s
uqvqìulg iudk h' fuh wka;h olajd l%ufhka ÈhqKqjg m;alr
.ksñka f.k hd hq;= h' fï ieoeyeh o kqjK yd iuÕ iïnkaO
fkd fldg f.k hdfuka Èrdm;a jkakg bv ;sfí' tfyhska fuys §
ukd ie,elSula wdjYHl h'
7' fojk lreK kï" l<HdKñ;% wdY%hla ;udg i,id .ekSu
h' th f,fyisfhka u ie,efikafka TlmamkSh ioaOdj is;; a <
=
t<efUk l,ayu s h' —il, fujysox wdkJo n%yujßhx hÈox l,HdK
26
ñF;;d˜ hs jod< mßÈ Ydik n%yu a pßhdj ;a" ud¾. n%yu
a pßhdj ;a
hk ish,a,u wOHd;auh ;=< ,efnkafka o" jefvkafka o l,HdK
ñ;%h
S wdY%h iïm;a;sh Wv h' th fkd ,o fyd;a tu ish¨ .=Kfhda
fkd ,eî hkakdy' tmuKla fkdje wiSñ; úm;a /ilg o jeàug
bvlv ie,efika f ka h' tfyhs k a kq j K yd uq i q f ldg .;a
ieyeoefhka tu l,HdKñ;%dY%fhka kshu m%fhdackh .ekSug
Tn ;a Wkkaÿ fjkak'
25' u' ks' pXls iq'
26' fldi, ixhqF; nq' c' 162
 40
8' l<K ñ;=rka weiqre lsÍfï § thska ,nd.; yels jk
W;=ï m%fhdackh uekeúka f;areï lrf.k ;sìh hq;= h' ;=kajk
isjqjk fo lrefKka th u;=lr fohs' l<K ñ;=rka weiqre lrkakd
tys § ieoeye kqjK fol fhdod ,Sfuka l<K ñ;=rdf.a nig lka
fhduqlÍs u isÿ fjhs' tys § kqjK fhdod ,Sfuka l<ukd l%h
s dj meyeÈ,s
je oefkhs' meyeo,sj oekqKq foh ;udg w;am;a lr .ekSug ms<sjka
jkqfha ieoeye ;snqfKd;a muK h' t fyhska fï .=K fofla
l%shdldÍ;ajh fuys § b;du;a m%fhdackh' Tn l,K ñ;=rka weiqre
lrkak' tfia weiqre lrk úg" uekúka kqjK fhdokak' oeyeñ
l;djla t;=udf.ka msgjk úg" th ieoeye fhdod ;ud wh;a lr
.ekSug wu;l fkd lrkak' tys § l<K ñ;=rdf.a nig lka
fhduq lsÍu;a tfia lka fhduq fldg lshk nKla weiSu;a Tn b;d
i,els,af,ka isÿ lrkak' fuhska Tng ,enqfKa uy;a ,dNhla nj
fyd¢ka isf;a ;nd.kak'
9' miajk lrefKa mgka fodf<diajk lreK olajd we;s lreKq
wfgka i|yka jkafka Èrdm;a fkd jk jev ms<f s j<ls' miajk
lrefKka( nK wid tfia wid.;a nK wyl fkd oud is;a ;=<
OdrKh lr .ekSu" ;ekam;a lr .ekSu woyia flfrhs' fï fya;=
fldg f.k Tng nyqYe% ; .=Kh Tn ;=< ÈhqKq lr.; yels h'
nqÿoyu mdvï fldg ordf.k jdih lrkakd O¾u ffp;Hfhls'
tmufKlska fyda foõ ñksiqka úiska jekao hq;= mqoa.,fhla o
jkafka h'
10' tmufKlska fkd kej;S yhfjks lreKg o is;a fhduq
lrkak' tkï mdvï ;sfnk nK fldgiaj, f;areu uekúka
fufkys lsÍu h' ;ukaf.a u kqjKska fyda wka jeäysáhkaf.a
msgj
q y,la ,enf.k fyda Tng fï w¾:h imqrd.; yels h' tfia
w¾:h imqrd .ekSfï § Tn blauka fkd úh hq;= h' nqÿmshdKka
jykafiaf.a woyia o;a uyry;ka jykafia,d ÿka w¾: ms<fs j<la
we;' tajd Tng fidhd.; fkd yels kï" W.;a YslI
a dldó O¾ujd§
41
^nK lkmsg yrjd fkd lshk& W;=ul= fidhdf.k" t;=ud fj;ska
f;areï Wf.kSug W;aidyj;a jkak' m%;sm;a;s .rel fkd jQ"
wO¾ujd§ mqo.
a ,hd f.ka nK wikakg fkd hkq uekú' tys § Tng
kshu O¾uh fkd ,eî hdug bv ;sfí'
11' y;afjks lreK ó<Õg i<ld n,uq' —wF:x WmmßCLf;d
Ouud kscCOdkx LuJ;s˜ hkafkys f;areu( w¾:h fufkys lrkakd
yg O¾ufhda oekSu bji;a" fyj;a f;areu i,lkakd yg tys
wvx.=jk O¾u ldrKfhda oekSug m;afj;s hkq h' fuh Ouu
kscCOdkCLJ;sh hs' ;ud W.;a O¾uhka ms<sn| je f;areï is;g
jegySug fï ku fhdokq ,efí' fï Yla;sh ke;skï fld;rï
O¾uh W.;a;;a thska m%fhdackhla fkd ,efí' O¾udkqrEmj
W;a i dhla .ekS u g ´kElu is ; ;= < my<jka f ka fï Ouu
kscCOdkCLJ;sh we;s l,ays muK h' tfyhska W.kakd;dla O¾uh
ms<sn| f;areu i,ld f.k th uekúka i,ld ne,Sug ks;r
ks;r mqreÿ úh hq;= h' wgfjks lrefKka th meyeÈ,s lrk fial'
tkï —Ouu kscCOdkCLJ;shd i;s PfJod cdh;s PJo cdf;d
Wiiy;s˜ hkq h' OuukscCOdkCLJ;sh we;sjk úg Pkaoh we;s fõ'
lF;=luH;d l=i,pPJoh we;sfha" W;aidyh .ekaug isÿfjhs˜ hk
tys f;areu h' fï O¾uuh wNsj¾Okfha b;d fyd| ikaêia:dkfhls'
u;a;g ;u wNHka;rfhys ixj¾Okhg m;alr .ekSug we;s ish¨
f,!lsl f,daflda;a;r .=KO¾u mrïmrdjg bv ie,efikafka fï
W;aidyfha Wmldrh ,eîfuks' OuukscCOdkCLJ;sh hkak .ek
o .eUqrg i,lk úg" OïuÀ;s {dkh f;la isf;a ÈhqKj q my< jQ
nj f;areï l< yels h' th kï úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ § ,efnk
imamÉph kdu rEm o¾Ykh hs' fuys§ fï mqo. a ,hd yg kdu rEm
O¾uhka ms<n s | je wÊCO;a; jYfhka o" nysoO
a d jYfhka o mppF;
,CLkdjfndOh iïmQ¾K je ;sìh hq;= h'
12' —WiiysFjd ;=f,;s˜ hkak kjjeks lreK hs' m%Oka ù¾hfhys
;=,kh flfrhs' ;=,kh kï kdu rEm O¾uhkays ,efnk idudkH
 42
,laIKh Ndjkduh {dkfhka jgyd .ekSu hs' idudkH ,laIKh
kï¦ wks;H ,laIKh" ÿlaL ,laIKh" wkd;au ,laIKh hk
;%súO ,laIKh hs' fï ,laIKhka ms<sn| wjfndaOh mgka .kafka
iïuik {kh mj;akd wjia:dfõ h' Wohnnh [dK wjia:dfõ
th u ÈhqKqjg m;a ù jegfyhs'
13' ;s% ,laIKh O¾uhkaf.a iajNdjh hs' uq,e § th fkd
fmfkkafka th jeiS .sh fyhsks' tfia jeiqfKa th fufkys fkd
lsÍfuks' 1' ika;;sfhka jeiS.sh fyhska o" Wohính fufkys
fkd l< fyhska o" wks;H ,laIKh m%lg fkd fjhs' th ika;;sh
^tlg ne÷Kq iuQyh& .,jd ^tlska tl fjka fldg& Woh jh fol
fufkys lrk l,ays m%lg iajNdjhg m;afjhs' 2' bßhdm:fhka
jeiqKq fyhska o" ks;r fm<Su fufkys fkd lrk fyhska o" ÿlaL
,CIKh m%lg Ndjhg m;a fkd fjhs' bßhjq .e,ùu kj;ajd"
thska ,efnk wNsKay m;smS<kh ^mqk mqkd fm<Su& fufkys
lsÍfuka ÿ#L ,laIkh m%lg Ndjhg m;afjhs' 3' >k i[a[dfjka
jeiS.sh fyhska o" kd kd Od;= úks¾fNda.h fufkys fkd l<
fyhska o" wkd;au ,laIKh m%lg fkdfjhs' >k i[a[dj
bj;afldg" kd kd Od;= úks¾fNda.h fufkys lrk úg ta wkd;au
,laIKh m%lg Ndjhg m;afjhs'
14' oyfjks lreK —;=,hsFjd moy;s˜ hkq h' thska m%ldY
jkafka ;shqKq úo¾Ykdjg k.d ixialdrhka iïu¾Ykh lrk
whqre hs' th NÙ. {dkfha mgka wkqf,dau {dkh ,eîu f;la
wjia:djka fia .; yels fjhs' 11" 12" hk lreKq folska f,daflda;;
a r
ÈhqKjq m%ldY fjhs' —mys;fF;d ldfhk fpj mru ippx ipý lfrd;s˜
hs i|yka jkafka ks¾jdK Od;=j idlaId;aldrh hs' úo¾Ykdjia:dfõ
§ ks¾jdKh ms<sn| oekSu fkdfhla jr isÿfjhs' ta jkdys wkqudk
jYfhks' is;g ks¾jdK Od;=j wruqKqjk wdldrfhka fkd fõ' ta
ks¾jdK Od;=j m<uqfjkau wruqKq jkafka úo¾Ykd {dkhkaf.a
43
fl<jr" ud¾. Ñ;a;hg uq,k s a ,efnk f.d;%N+ is;g h' —mys;fF;d˜
hkq ta wjia:dj yÕjk jpkfhls' tys f;areu ksjka msKsi
fufyhqKq is;a we;a;d hkq hs' ksjka msKsi fufyhqKq is;a we;af;a
kdu lhska yd rEm lhska o" ta mrud¾: i;H jQ ks¾jdK Od;=j
m%;HË flfrhs' fufia fï ks¾jdK Od;=j idËd;aldrh" ldh
idËd;aldrh" kdu idËd;aldrh hhs fo jeoEreï fjhs' thska
ldh idËd;aldrh ksid wkjrd.% ixidrfhys meje;s ldh or:-
ldh ika;dmdÈh ke;s jQ nj oek .kshs' kdu idlaId;a ldrh ksid
tn÷ u flf,ia .yKh ke;s jQ nj oek .kshs'
urK Nh .ek ke;s ie,lSu'
Ndfj: fNd urK udr újcckd h"
f,dfl iod urK i[[ñux h;F;d"
tjxys Ndú; ukii krii ;ii
;Kyd mySh;s iÍr .;d wfiid'
mskaj;aks" urK keu;s udrhd ÿ/,Su msKsi" fï w;auNdj
ixLHd; f,dalfhys" urK ix{dj" ;ekam;a lr.;a lh;a is;;a
we;s je jvjq' fufia jevQ is;a we;s ta i;a;ajhdf.a isrer iïnkaO
fldg f.k mj;akd yeu ;Kaydj u myfjhs'
rEmx crd msh;rx u,skS lfrd;s
innx n,x yr;s wF;ks f>dr frdf.d"
kdkQmfNd. mßrCÅ; uF;Ndjx
fNd uppq ixyr;s lsx M, uF;Ndfj
cdrdj b;d ukdm jQ rEmh ls<sá lrhs' ldYiajdidÈ ìhlre
frda. f;fï ;ud flfrys jQ ish¨ u n,h fyj;a Yla;sh meyer
.kshs' mskaj;=ks" urKh f;fï fkdfhla WmfNda. mßfNda.
jia;+kaf.ka rlakd ,o fï Ôú;h jkid ouhs' tneúka Ôú;fhys
lskï m%fhdackhla weoao'
 44
luudks,d my;frd. ;rX. NfX.
ixidr id.r uqfL ú;f; úmJkd
ud ud mudo ulßF: lfrd: fudCLx-
ÿfCLdofhd kkq mudo uhx krdkx
l¾u keue;s iq<Õska myr fok ,o" frda. keue;s r< ì÷ï
we;s" ixidr id.r uqLfhys úm;g jegqkd jQ" f;ms mudjg lreKq
foa fkd lrjq" ksjka ,en.kakd jev jvjq' i;a;ajhkaf.a fï
m%udoh ÿla Wmojkafka fkd fõo@27
27' f;' l'
45
2
NdjkdrïNh'
1' Yu: Ndjkdjh" 2' úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj he hs Ndjkdj fojeoEreï
fjhs' Ndjkdfõ fhfokakd fï fol .ek ue ;rul ye|skSula
uq,e § ue ;nd.ekSu m%fhdackj;a fjhs' tys 1' Yu: Ndjkd kï(
is;a ;=< my< jkakd jQ flf,iqka hgm;a fldg Wmpdr OHdk
w¾mKd OHdkhka ,en.kakd l%uhhs'
2' úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj kï( ixialdrhka kdu rEm jYfhka
m%;HËj f;areï lrf.k" tys ,efnk wks;H ÿlaL wkd;au
,ËKhka iudêu;a is;ska m%;HË je flf,ia m%ydKfhka
m%;sfõOh lr.kakd {dk mQ¾jl lD;H l%uh hs'
;jo uÊCêu ksldfhys uydiÉpl iQ;%fhys ldh Ndjkdj
iy Ñ;a; Ndjkdj hhs Ndjkd folla oelaúk' ta fufiahs(
—.sksfjiak" flfia kï wNdú; ldh yd wNdú; Ñ;a; fj;a oh;a(
fuf,dj wY%e;j;a mD:.ackhd yg iqL fõokd Wm§' fya iqL
fõokdj úiska iam¾Y lrk ,ÿfha iqLfhys we,au we;sfjhs' iqLfhys
we,Sfuka hqla; Tyqf.a iqL fõokd ksreoaO fõ' iqL fõokd
ksfrdaOfhka lfhys ÿlaL fõokd WmÈhs' fya ÿlaL fõokd úiska
iam¾Y lrk ,ÿfha ue fYdal flfrhs' úvdm;a fjhs' je,fmhs'
f<ys w;a meye/ y~fka fjhs' isysuq<djg jofka fjhs' .sksfjiak"
Tyqg f;, Wmka iqL fõokd o is; f.jdf.k isgqkS h' lh
wNdú; ^fkd jevQ& jk neúks' Wmka ÿla fõokd o is; f.jdf.k
isgqkS h' is; wNdú; jk neúks' .sksfjiak" hï lsisjla yg lh
wNdú; jk neúka" fufia iqLh tla mfile" ÿl tlamfile hs
 46
mË folska Wmka iqL fõokd o is;a f.jdf.k isgqkS h' Ñ;a;
wNdú; jk neúka Wmka ÿlaL fõokd o is; f.jdf.k isgqkS h'
.sksfjiak" fufia wNdú; ldh o" wNdú; Ñ;a; o fjhs'
.sksfjiak" fuf,dje Y%e;j;a wdhH_ Y%djlhd yg iqL fõokd
WmÈhs' fya iqL fõokd úiska iam¾Y lrk ,ÿfha ue iqL ixrd.fhka
iukajd.; o fkd fjhs' iqL ixrd.fhka iukajd.; fihg o
fkd meñfKhs' Tyqf.a ta iqL fõokd ksreoaO fjhs' iqL fõokd
ksfrdaOfhka u;=fhys ÿlaL fõokd Wm§' fya ÿlaL fõokd úiska
myiakd ,ÿfha ue fkd fidiafka h' l,l=¿ fkd jkafka h' fkd
j,mafka h' f<ys w;ameyler fkd y~fka h' isysuq<djg fkd
jofkah' .skfs jiak" Tyqf.a f;, Wmka iqL fõokd;a is; f.jdf.k
fkd isgqfka h' lh Ndú; neúk' Wmka ÿlaL fõokd;a is;
f.jdf.k fkd isgqfka h' is; Ndú; jk neúk' .sksfjiak"
hïlsisjla yg fufihska WN;# mË je Wmka iqL fõokd ;a" lh
Ndú; jk neúka is; f.jdf.k fkd isgqfka fõ o@ Wmka ÿlaL
fõokd;a is; Ndú; jk neúka is; f.jdf.k fkd isgqfka fõ o@
.sksfjiak" fufihska Ndú;ldh fjhs' Ndú; Ñ;a; o fjhs'˜
fuys ldh Ndjkd kï( úo¾Ykdj hs' iÉpl f.a l:dj wkqj
tys fh§fuka Ñ;a; úfËamhg - Wu;= njg meñfKkafka h'
Ñ;a; Ndjkd kï( iu: Ndjkdj hs' thska W!re ;oùï wdÈj
o fkd fjhs' fuhska ldh Ndjkdj ´,dßlh hs o" Ñ;a; Ndjkdj
iqLquh hs o fï iQ;%fha § nqÿrcdKka jykafia jod< y' fuh
u;fNaohg fya;= úh' uydisj ysñfhda fuys bÈßm;a ù
—Èii;s NsCLfj buii pd;=uuydN+;slii ldhii wdpfhdms
wmjfhdms wdodkums ksfCLmlums˜ hk mdGh wid ´<dßl lh
mß.%y lrkakd yg Wmka úo¾Ykdj ´<dßlh hs lSug iqÿiq hhs
ie,el+ y'
ldh Ndjkdfhka hq;= jQjyqg iqL fõokdj o" l=Y, Ñ;a;h
ue~f.k fkd isáhs' úmiaikdj jevQ fyhsks' Wmka ÿlaL fõokdj
47
o l=i,a is; ue~f.k fkd isáhs' Yu:h jevQ neúks' fuys ldh
Ndjkd kï( úo¾oYkdj nj uq,e § lshk ,§' Ñ;a; Ndjkdj o
iudêh nj tfia ue lshk, ,§' úo¾Ykdj o iqLhg m%;súreoaO h'
ÿlg wdikak h' iudêh ÿlg m%;súreoaOh' iqLhg wdikakh'
flfia o@ úo¾Ykdj wdrïN fldg yqkk a yqg ál l,la .;jk
úg" ta ta .sks msgfjkakdla fuka fjhs' lsi,
s j
s ,ska vyÈh je.sfrhs'
ysi uqÿfkka WKqiï q jeáhla mek k.sk fia jegfyhs' is;a fmf<hs'
;Èka fmf<hs' ief<hs' fufihska úo¾Ykdj iemhg m%;ú s reoaO h'
ÿlg wdikak o fjhs' lh ms<sn| jQ fyda is; ms<sn| jQ fyda ÿlla
Wmka l,ays" ta ÿl úlaLïNkh lr iudm;a;shlg iujÈkakyqg
iudm;a;s wjia:dfõ ÿl wE;g hhs' b;d fndfyda jQ iemhlg nei
.kshs' fufihska iudêh ÿlg m%;súreoaO h' iemhg wdikak h'
úo¾Ykdj iqLhg m%;súreoaO jqj;a" ÿlg wdikak jqj;a" iudêh
tfia fkd fõ' iudêh ÿlg m%;súreoaO jqj;a" iemhg wdikak
jqj;a" úo¾Ykdj tfia fkdfõ' —WmmJkdms iqLd fjokd ÑF;x k
mßhdodh ;sgG;s" Ndú;F;dldhii WmmJkdms ÿCLd fjokd ÑF;x
k mßhdodh ;sgG;s" Ndú;F;d ÑF;ii˜28 hhs jodf<a tfyhsks'
—iuf:d;s ÑfF;l..;d" úmiikd;s ixLdrmß..dysl [dKx˜29
fï fol úÊcdNd.sh O¾u hs' iu:h jeãfuka ,efnk m%fhdackh
lsu@ ud¾. Ñ;a;h thska jeãug m;a fjhs' is; jeãfï m%fhdackh
kï( we,Sfï wdldrfhka my<jk rd.h thska myfjhs' rd.h ud¾.
Ñ;a;hg m%;ús reoaO fõ' ud¾. Ñ;a;h o rd.hg m%;ú s reoaO fõ' rd.
Ñ;a;fha mj;akd ld,fhys ud¾. Ñ;a;fha meje;au ke;' ud¾.
Ñ;a;fha mj;akd ld,fhys o rd.fha mej;Su ke;' hï lf,l
rd.h Wm§ o" tl,e ud¾. Ñ;a;fha Wm; j<lajhs' m%;sIaGdj is|
ouhs' hï lf,l ud¾. Ñ;a;h Wm§ o" tl, rd.h iyuq<ska u
Wÿrd ouñka ue WmÈ hs' —fhd rdf.d fid mySh;s˜ hs jodf<a tfyhsk's
28' uyd ippl iqF;
29' ufkd( ÿl
 48
úo¾Ykdj jeãfuka ,efnk m%fhdackh ljf¾ o@ úo¾Ykdj
jeãfuka ud¾.h my<ùug ´kE lrk m%{dj jefvhs' ud¾. m%{dj
jeãfuka ,efnk m%fhdackh ljf¾ o@ wg ;efkl oeäje f.k
yg.kakd Njfha mej;Sug m%;Hh je mj;akd uy wúoHdj m%ySK
fjhs' wúoHdj jkdys ud¾. m%{dfõ meje;aug" ÈhqKqjg hdug
m%;súreoaO fjhs' ud¾. m%{dj wúoHdjg m%;súreoaO fjhs' wúoHdj
my< ù we;s fudfydf;ys ud¾. Ñ;a;hg iïnkaO m%{dj ke;'
ud¾. m%{dfõ mj;akd fudfydf;ys wúoHdj fkd ,efnhs'
ta fufiahs( hï lf,le wúoHdj is;a ys my< fjhs kï" tl,
th ud¾. m%{dfõ Wm;g ndOd flfrhs' msysg is| ouhs' hï lf,l
ud¾. m%{dj my< fjhs kï tl, th wúoHdj iyuq,ska Wÿrd
is|ouñka ue Wmofka h' —hd wúccd id mySh;s˜ hkq tfyhska
foik ,§' fuys i|yka ud¾. Ñ;a;h ;a" ud¾. m%{dj ;a tlg
Wmokd O¾u nj i,ld .; hq;= h'
is; rd.fhka ls,sá fjhs kï ud¾. Ñ;a;fha § ,eìh hq;=
flf,iqka f.k ñ§u isÿ fkd fjhs' is; wúoHdfjka ls,sá fjhs
kï ud¾. m%%{dj fkd jefvhs' rd.fha Lh úrd.fhka M, iudê
kï jQ fÉf;da úuq;a;sh fjhs' wúoHdfõ Lh úrd.fhka M, m%{dj
kï jQ m[a[d úuqla;sh ,efnhs' fuys m%ldY jQfha kd kd ËKsl
úo¾Ykd iudêh hs'
LkaO ixhq;a;fhys f:r j¾.fhys wiaið iQ;%fhys i|yka
mßÈ( Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia rc.yd k.rfha fõ¨jkdrdufhys
jevjik fial' tl,ays wiaið kï ysñ kula liaim isgqyqf.a
wdrdufhys oeä .s,kalñka fmf<ñka fjfihs' Wkajykafia Wjgeka
lrk NsËQka yg wduka;%Kh fldg ;uka oeä .s,kalñka fmf<k
nj;a" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafiag kuialdr lrk nj;a u;la fldg"
wkqlïmd fldg nqÿrcdKka jylkafia ;uka fj; jevu lrk
f,i wdrdOkd lrk nj;a okajd hejQy'
49
th weiQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia lreKq i,ld n,d wiaið ysñhka
fj; jevu l<y' wiaið ysñfhda o nqÿrcdKka jykafia jäkq
ÿr§u oel" fyd;a wiafkka ke.sàug W;aidy l<y' th ÿgq
nqÿrcdKka jykafia wiaið f;reKa j<ld mkjd ;snQ wiafkl
jevyqkay' jevys| wiaið ysñhkaf.ka wikSm f;dr;=re úuiQy' ta
yssñhka wikSmh n,j;a nj oeka jQ l,ays" nqÿrcdKka jykafia"
—wiaið" Tfí is; Tng iS,fhka fodia kÕkafka oe˜hs úuiQy'
wiaið ysñ tnkafola ke;ehs lSh' —tfia kï Tfí l=l=i lsu@
úms<sir ljf¾ oe˜hs úpd<y' wiaið ysñ" —iajdóks" uu m<uqfjka
.s,kalu hgfldg p;=¾: OHdkfhka wdYajdi m%Yajdihka j<ld
fjfiñ' ta uu iudêh leä leã hk ksid" zlsu uu iiqfkka
msßfyïfodaZhs úms<sir we;sùñ˜" hkq mejiSh' nqÿrcdKka jykafia
—wiaið" fï iiafkka neyer jQfjda iudêh u idrh hs .kakdy'
Y%uK Ndjh o thue hs .kakd y' udf.a iiqfkys th idrh fkdfõ'
fuys udf.a iiqfkys idrh úo¾Ykd ud¾. M,fhda h' tfyhska Tn
iudêfhka msßyqKq is;d l=ug úms<sir jkafkys o@˜
hkq jodrñka f;reKa ikiñka ;smßjÜG foaYkdj werUQ
fial' foiqka fl<jr Wkjykafia O¾udjfndaOh l<y' ^úo¾Ykd
ldKavh n,kq'&
Ndjkdfõ yrh
fï ;dla fuys olajk ,oafoa úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj ms<sn| l:d
ud¾.hls' thu ud¾. Ndjkdj hhs o lsh hq;= h' ksjka milalr
.kakdg f,daflda;a;r ud¾. {dkhka ,efnk fyhsks' fï ud¾.
Ndjkdjg úfYaIfhka Wmldr jkqfha Yu: Ndjkdjhs' tfyhska
Yu: Ndjkdj ms<sn| flá úia;rhla oelaùug n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jkq ,efí'
Ndjkdjl fh§ug isf;ys ´kElu my< jkafka iir ms<sn|
Nh ckl iajNdjh uekúka is;g jegyS flf,iqkaf.a wd§kjhka
f;areï.;a flfkl=ka ygh' l,K ñ;=re weiqfrlska fyda nK
 50
fmd;a ne,Sfuka fyda f;areïlr .ekSfuka fyda mqreÿ mßÈ fhdakfs ida
ukisldrh ^kqjKska fufkys lsÍu& l fh§fuka fyda fï woyi
is;ays ;yjqre lr .;af;l=g we;=<; msg; fld;rï jev ;sfí hhs
lshdj;a" ikSm ke;slï lshdj;a kej;Sfula isÿ fkdfõ' Ndjkdfõ
fh§ bÈßhg ue hdug Tyqg wm%;sy; ffO¾hfhla my< fjhs'
fun÷ mqoa.,hkg wjjdo wkqYdikd ´kE lrkafka b;d iq¿
jYfhks' th o Ndjkdj .ek o; hq;= Wmfoia ál muK h' fufia
fkd jk wh Ndjkdjg iqÿiq ke;ehs fkd lsh hq;= h' nqÿrcdKka
jykafia <Õg mjd meñK" l%shd mßydksh fya;= fldg f.k"
,efnkakg ;snQ u. m, ksjka iqjh u. yeÍ f.dia ;sfnk ieá
we;re mq;"a zfmiaiZ kï ;eke;a;d f.ka f;areï .; yelsh'30 tfyhska
Ndjkd Wmfoia fokakd úiska ;udg yuqfjk yeu mqo. a ,hd ue
fuhg fhduqlr .ekSug ;u W;aidyh fhdod,sh hq;= fjhs' tfy;a
tljrg ue Ndjkdjg niaikakg uykais .; hq;= fkd fõ' ta
wjia:djg hï;ï j;a iqÿiail= jkakg uQ,l s wjjdo álla l,ska ue
Èh hq;= h' fuys óg m<uqfjka m%ldY jQ woyia thg fndfyda fiska
Wmldr jkakg bv ;sfí'
fï Ndjkdj kï is; yod.ekSfï" is; ÈhqKjq g m;alr .ekSfï
jevms<fs j< mokï fldg f.k mj;akd ufkdauh l%h s d mßmdáfhls'
th m%Odk jYfhka is; uq,afldg f.k mej;=k;a lfha Wiia
Wmldrh o thg wdjYHl nj lsh hq;= h' tfyhska ue uQ,sl
mqyqKqfõ § lh ;ekam;alr .ekSu nrm;, jevla f,i Ndjkdfõ
fh§fï § Tng jegfykakg bv ;sfí' flfkl=kf a .a O¾uuh
l:djlg ijka fhdod,Sfuka fyda fyd| nK fmd;la lshùfuka fyda
O¾uuh lreKq jgyd .; yelsjk nj Tn okakjd we;' tfy;a th
ysf;a ;yjqre jkafka ke;' ta O¾u fldgiaj,g m%;m s Ë je meje;s
flf,ia woyia whskf a ldg fyda" lvd ì| oud fyda ta fyd| woyia
isf;ys me<mÈhï fkd jQ fyhsks' Ndjkdjla ksisf,i is;ai;ka ys
l%shdlrùfï § ta wkqj is;g ,efnk mqyqKqj thg jeäfhka
Yla;su;a jkafka fkd oekSï /ila uq,afldg f.k meje;s flf,ia
51
f.duqj n,fhka bj;g ;,a¨ ù hk fyhska nj i,lkak' fufia
Ndjkd jev ms<sfj< wOHd;añl nrm;, l%shd rdYshla jk fyhska
th mgka .ekSug u;af;ka idrj;a mokula idod.; hq;= h' Ndjkd
mQ¾j lD;Hhka uekeúka mqyqKqlr .ekSu;a Ndjkd wNsksfõYh
f;areï lrf.k isàu;a Ndjkdj mj;ajdf.k hk ieá f;areï
fldg f.k isàu;a fuhg w;HdjYHl nj lsh hq;=j we;'
Ndjkdkqfhda.h kï lsu@
Ndjkdkqfhda.h b;d .eUqre jefvls' th f,fyisfhka
imhkafkda ;a we;' ÿl fia imhd.kafkda ;a we;' we;a; úiska
n,f;d;a fuys we;s f,fyisfhla ke;' fuys § ch.%yKhlg
meñKSug kï n,j;a Yla;s rdYshla fhÈh hq;= h' tu.ska b;d
Wiia .=K /ila u;=fldg .kakd ,efí' .=K /ila w;am;a fldg
.ekSfuka ,enqjukd fï ch.%yKh Tng m%;HË jkafka tlys
fh§fuka ue hs' .=Kh .=Khla jYfhka m%lg jkafka m%;HË
O¾uhla yuqfõ ch.%yKh oelaùfuka u h'
fhda.djprh" Tfí ymkalï fld;rï lshdmEj;a" yefÕõj;a"
fhda.djprhl= jYfhka Tng thska ,efnk m%fhdackh lsu@ Tfí
lfha ;a" isf;a ;a" m%lg úh hq;= fhda.dkql+, jeä ÈhqKqj ue Tn
Wiia jYfhka ie,lsh hq;= j we;'
Ndjkdkqfhda.h f,fyis ke;e hs lSfõ tys fhfokakd yg
;ksj ue u.yrjd .; hq;= ndOl /ila ,efnk fyhsks' b;d
Wiia woyila bÈßm;a fldg f.k Ndjkd ukisldrhg neiaiyqg
bÈßhg Tijdf.k hd hq;= is;a fm< kj;d,kakg o is; my<
fjhs' fuh l,a we;sj f;areï fkd .;af;d;a fhda.djprhd f.a
bÈß .uk je<lS hhs'
we;eï fhda.k S a Ndjkdfõ fhfok w;ru. § muK blauf.k
ìhm;ajk ieá fmfka' Tjqkg ìh jeälu ksid ue wdydr reÑh o
kj;shs' kskao o ke;' i;=fgl=;a ke;' fufia kqmqreÿ is;a fm<lg
hg ù l,a f.jkakg isÿjkq we;'
 52
we;eï úg fodia fldamfhka ;ud f.a isf;a my<jk is;sú,s
wkqka lshk foa yeáhg ;udf.a lkg ue wefikakg bv ;sfí'
fhda.djprhd fuys ryi fkd okakd fyhska Tyq is;d.kafka Tyq f.a
lkg hïlsis foúhl= l:dfldg fkdfhla foa lshk ieáhg h'
fuhska Tyq fld;rï uq<djg jefgkjd o lshf;d;a .=rekaf.a nia
mjd fkd woyd tys we,S ta is;=ú,s ud,dfõ ue ne|S l,af.jkq
fmfka' fun÷ wjia:dj, § ;Èka wjjdo fldg Tyq thska j<lajd
.ekSu .=rejrhdg we;s Wmdh Yla;sh wkqj jkafka h' fuys §
.=rejrhd w;sYhska idjOdk úh hq;= h' fkd tfia kï tu
fhda.jprhd ìysiqKq isÿùïj,g hgjkakg o iodld,sl wNjHl=
jkakg o bv ;sfí'
we;eïúg lsisÿ msßisÿ fya;=jla fkdue;s j fhda.djprfhda
ìfhka fmf<kakg jkakd y' Wu;= frda.shl=f.a is;a ;=< yg.kakd
ìhjeks ìhla Tyq ;=< fmf<ñka mj;akd ieá o fmfkhs' fuys §
fodia fldamfhla o fkd ue;s kï Ndjkdj ksid yg.;a úmÍ;fhla
oe hs uekeúka fuh mÍlaIdlr ne,Su jáhs' m<uq m<uq yg.;a ìh
fufkys fkd lsÍu ksid o fï ìh ms<sn| ÈhqKqj ie,fik ieá
fmfkhs' Ndjkdj kj;ajd isgk úg o fï ìh ;sfí kï fodia
fldamh fidhd iqÿiq f,i ms<shï lrùug bÈßm;aùu uekú' fuhg
riañ Ñls;aidj jeks ms<shï fh§u udkisl Yla;s mßydkshg
fya;=jk fyhska fodia ikais£ug Wojq jk ms<shï lrúh hq;= h'
tfia fkd jqjfyd;a Ñ;a; m%jD;a;sh ÿ¾j, fjkakg bv ;sfí'
fuh Ndjkdkqfhda.k S a flfia fj;;a wdp¾hjreka úiska úfYaIfhka
ie,lsh hq;= lreKla nj lsj hq;= h'
fï ksid fhda.djprhd Ndjkd ukisldrfha § ifodrg yuqjk
f,dl= l=vd fyda fyd| krl fyda fNaohla ys;g fkd f.k yeu
isÿùula ue fufkys lsÍug Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h' fuh lv lsÍu
fya;f
= ldg f.k fï úÈfha fkdfhla úm;a;s ud¾.fhda mEfokakdy'
fufkys lsÍfï n,h wkqj fun÷ yeu Wjÿrla ue ÿrejk nj
53
fyd|ska i,ld.; hq;= h' rEm oelSu o" Yío weiSu o" fï wdldrfhka
i,elsh hq;= h' fïjd fufkys fkd lsÍfuka È.g ue fï Wjÿre
meje;=Kq ieá;a" thska Ndjkd ukisldrh mj;ajd .; kqyqKq ieá;a
oel ;sfí'
tmdùu'
Ndjkd ukdisldrfhys fhfokakd yg Njkd lsÍfï ´kElu
^l=i,ÉPkaohg& yeu úg ue taldldrfhka mj;skafka ke;' we;eï
úg ´kElu ;sfí' we;eï úfgl ta ´kElu uelSf.k f.dia Ndjkd
wruqK is;g fkd w,a,k iajNdjhlg m;afjhs' fuh lSm wdlrfhlska
my< ùug bv ;sfí' PJod§ iDoaêmdo wvqlrñka o fï mdvqj isÿfjhs'
we;eï úg Ndjkdj ÈhqKjq g m;aùfuka miq o fuh isÿùu bv ;sfí'
fhda.djprhdf.a Ñ;a;dpdrh ms<sn| fyd| f;areula we;sj f.k
Wmfoia fok wdpd¾hjrhdg fuh f;dard.ekSu t;rï wmyiq fkdfõ'
thska ÈhqKqfõ § tmdùfï m<uqfjka lSu myiq h' flá fyhsks'
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhd m<uqfjka hïlsis
kdurEm ixLdr fldgil is;a ;ndf.k" ukisldrh meje;aùug
mgka .kshs' fkdlvjd tys fh§fï § uq,ska meje;s ÿn,lï u.yeÍ
f.dia isf;a meje;au fyd| w;g yefrhs' thska tys mqyqKqj
ie,efihs' fï mqyqKqj ie,eiSfuka miq fufkys lsÍu myiq fjhs'
m<uq .;a; wruqfKa fkd kej;S" th me;srhdfuka fiiq ixialdr
fldgia flfrys o i,a,laLk Ñ;a;mrïmrdj fhfohs' kdu rEm
jYfhka jegySu;a" Tjqka m%;Hh iys;j jegySu;a fï ukisldrhg
wiqfjhs' fuhska {d; mß[dj imsÍfuka jeãf.dia" iïuik
{dkhg nei fufkys lsÍfï §" ish¨ ixialdrfhda wks;H jYfhka
jegfykakg mgka .ks;s' Tjqka Wmokd ieá;a" ìf|k ieá;a" tl
úÈhg fkd mj;akd ieá;a jegfyhs' fufia fm/<Su ue ÿla jYfhka
i,lkakg isÿfjhs' fï ixialdr ish,a, ÿlg ìïjk ieá meyeÈ,s
j jegfyhs' fuhska ue wkd;au ,laIKh o meyeÈ,s j jegfykakg
mgka .kshs' fufia ;SrK mß{dj msfrhs'
 54
fuh ÈhqKqjg fufkys lsÍfï §" jegfyk;dla ixialdrhka
ì£ï /ila fia oefkhs' fuh o ;j;a Tíng fufkys lrf.k
hk úg ì§ï /i wruqKq lrk yeu jdrhl § ue ìh is;a my<
fjhs' fïjd fufkys fkd lr yeßhfyd;a ìh is;a ue jeä jeäfhka
my< fjhs' fuh ÈhqKqjg m;a ùfuka wd§kj rdishla fia o tajd
;ndf.k isàu uyd nrla fia o jegfyhs' fï wjia:dfõ § uekeúka
ue fufkys l< fhda.djprhd o fkdhla úÈfha úldr foa lrkakg
mgka .kshs' tl úÈhlg tl bßhõjl jeä fõ,djla l,a f.ùug
fkd ßis fjhs' yeu fohla ue ilia lsÍug mgka .kshs' ia:dkh
Y=oaO mú;% lsÍug mgka .kshs' fuh Èla ùfuka .=rejrhd;a"
fikiqk;a" weiqre lrkakkq;a tmd ù ia:dkfhka msg ù kslau
hdug o iqodkï fjhs' Wmfoia fok .=rejrhd fuys § kqjKska
l%shd l< hq;= h' j<lajd ,Sfuka is;a ßoùu o fyd| ke;'
iïmQ¾Kfhka tl jrg j,lajd ,Sfuka jkafka wk;=frls' Tyqf.a
woyig bv §fuka isÿjfkafka o tnkafols' tfyhska Wmdfhka
kj;ajd f.k Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhdod,sh hq;= h' fkd kj;ajd
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfokakd yg lSm Èfklska fyda meh
lSmfhlska fyda fï udkisl ;;a;ajh ixis|S f.dia h:d ;;a;ajhg
m;afjhs'
Ndjkdfõ mQ¾jlD;H mqyqKqj
Ndjkdj weröug l,ska ta Ndjkdj uekúka ilia jk fia
f.k hdug Wmldr jk jev /ilg mQ¾jlD;H hhs lshkq ,efí'
tajd fldgia wglg fnfohs'
1' f;rejka ludlrjd .ekSu'
2' Ôú; mß;Hd.h
3' mska§u
4' mska wkqfudaoka ùu
5' nqÿ.=K is;a;=< jeãu
55
6' fu;a jeãu
7' wiqNh .ek ie,lSu
8' urKh .ek ie,lSu hkqfjks'
1' uq,ska Ndjkdj mgka .kakd wjia:dfõ § Ndjkdjg Wmfoia
fok .= r ejrhl= bÈßm;a lrf.k t;= u d bÈßfhys § fï
mQ¾jlD;Hhka isÿ lsÍug is;g .ekSu b;d fyd|h' m<uqfjka
f;,a u,a myka wd§ mQfcdamlrK imhd f.k wjq;"a YS,mdßY=oêa hl
msysgd f.k Ñ;a; Yla;sfhka hq;= je f;rejka úIfhys {dk
iïm%hl q ;
a j tajd mQcd fldg jkaokd mj;ajd wjidkfhys f;rejka
ludlrjd .ekSu l< hq;= h' th l< hq;= wldrh fufia hs(-
w& w;S; ixidrfhys § fyda fï Ôú;fha § fyda iïudiïnqÿ
rcdKka jykafia,d flfrys udf.a lhska niska is;ska hk
;=kafodßka hïlsis jrola isÿ ù kï" nqÿrcdKka jykafia,df.ka
thg ug ludj ,efíjdæ ludj ,efíjdææ ludj ,efíjdæææ
wd& w;S; ixidrfha § fyda fï Ôú;fha § fyda mfianqÿ
rcdKka jykafia,d flfrys udf.a lhska niska is;k
s a hk ;=kf
a odßka
hñlsis jrola isÿ ù kï" mfianqÿ rcdKka jykafia,df.ka thg
ug ludj ,efíjdæ ludj ,efíjdææ ludj ,efíjdæææ
we& w;S; ixidrfha § fyda fï Ôú;fha § fyda kjf,dald;a;r
O¾u r;akh flfrys o m¾hdma;s m%;sm;a;s O¾u flfrys o udf.a
lhska niska is;ska hk ;=kafodßka hïlsis jrola isÿ ù wef;d;a
thg ta O¾u r;akfhka ug ludj ,efíjdæ ludj ,efíjdææ ludj
,efíjdæææ
^wE& w;S; ixidrfha § fyda fï Ôú;fha § fyda wdhH_ ix>
r;akh flfrys udf.a lhska fyda niska fyda is;ska fyda hïlsis
jrola isÿ ù we;fyd;a ta wdhH_hka jykafia,df.ka ug ludj
,efíjdæ ludj ,efíjdææ ludj ,efíjdæææ
 56
fufia lshd jkaokd l< hq;h= ' fufia lsÍfuka wdfhH_dmdjdo
l¾uhka ;u ika;dkfhys ;ekam;a ù ;snK q s kï thska ksoyia ù
Njdkdj id¾:lj f.khdug yelsjkafka h' wdfhH_dmjdo l¾uhka
;u ika;dkfhys we;s ke;s nj ;udg fkd jegfyk fyhska Njkd
wdrïNfha § yeufokd úiska u fï lud lrjd .ekSu l< hq;= fjhs'
2' Ndjkdj mgka.ekSfï § fhda.djprhd ;udf.a Ôú;h
;=kqrejkg yd wdpdhH_hka jykafiag mß;Hd. l< hq;= h' fuh ksis
wkaoñka lsÍu fya;f
= ldg f.k fhda.djprhd yg Ndjkdfõ w;rl §
fkdfhla úÈfha lreKq wkqj we;sfjkakg bv ;sfnk ;e;s.ekSï"
ìhm;aùï wdÈfhys § iekeis,a, i,id.; yels jkafka h' tfyhska
Ôú; mQcdj b;du;a m%fhdackj;a fjhs' th lrkafka fï wdldrfhks(-
uu udf.a fï Ôú;h iïud iïnqÿrcdKka jykafiag mQcd lrñ"
mQcd lrñ" mQcd lrñ" mQcd fõjdæ mQcd fõjdææ mQcd fõjdæææ
uu udf.a fï Ôú;h kjf,djq;=rd O¾uhg mQcd lrñ" mQcd
lrñ" mQcd lrñ" mQcd fõjdæ mQcd fõjdææ mQcd fõjdæææ
uu udf.a fï Ôú;h wdhH_ ix>r;akhg mQcd lrñ" mQcd lrñ"
mQcd lrñ" mQcd fõjdæ mQcd fõjdææ mQcd fõjdæææ
uu udf.a fï Ôú;h l¾uia:dkdpdhH_hka jykafiag mQcd lrñ"
mQcd lrñ" mQcd lrñ" mQcd fõjdæ mQcd fõjdææ mQcd fõjdæææ
fuu Ôú; mQcdj jpkfhka muKla fkdj is;ska kshu
wdldrfhka lrk mQcdjla úh hq;= h'
3' 4' mska§u yd mska wkqfudaoka ùu'
fufia Ôú; mQcduh l=Y,fhka cks; mQKHdksYxifhka o" w;S;
ixidrfha mgka fï fudfyd; olajd udf.a ;=kafodßka isÿ lr.kakd
,o ish¨ mqKHdksYxihka o ish¨ foúfhda wkqfudaoka fj;ajd" ish¨
{d;Ska we;=¿ i;a;ajfhda wkqfudaoka fj;ajd' tfia u ish¨ iïud
iïnqÿ" mfianqÿ" uyry;a" fndaêi;aFjd § W;=ukaf.a ish¨ mdrñ;d
57
mqKH rdYsh i;=gq is;ska uu wkqfudaoka fjñ' fï mska§fuka o mska
wkqfudaoka ùfuka o ud ;=< /ia jQ il, l=Y, Yla;s n,fhka ;udf.a
Ndjkdjg ndOl Wmlaf,aY m,sfndaOfhda ud fj;ska bj;a fj;ajd"
udf.a Ndjkdjg Wmldrl O¾ufhda ud ;=< /iaùfuka udf.a Ndjkd
ld¾hh iuDoaêhg m;afõjdæ hs wêIaGdk lr.; hq;=h'
5' nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj'
fï nqoaOdkqiai;s Ndjkdj hs' fuh l,la mqyqKq úh hq;= h' ta
i|yd kj.=K mdGfha i|yka .=Khka uekúka f;areï lr.;
hq;= h ta fufia h(-
1' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jyfia flf,iqkf a .ka yeu wdldrfhka
bj;a jQ fyhska o" ÈjH n%yua d§ka úiska lrkq ,nk wdñI m%;m s ;a;s
mQcdjka ms<.
s ekSug iqÿiq fyhska o" —wryx˜ kï jk fial'
2' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia ish¨ O¾uhka ms<sn| je
iaj,laIK jYfhka o; hq;= ;dla oek iïmQ¾K l< fyhska {d;
mß{dj mqrd isá fial' idudkH ,laIK jYfhka o; hq;= ;dla oek
iïmQ¾K l< fyhska ;SrK mß{dj mqrd isá fial' m%ySk l< hq;=
;dla laf,aY yd laf,aYjdikd oek m%ydKh iïmQ¾K l< fyhska
m%ydK mß{dj mqrd isá fial' m%;HlaI l< hq;= ;dla O¾u m%;HlaI
fldg iïmQ¾K l< fyhska idlaId;a l%shd mß{dj mqrd isá fial'
Ndjkdfjka jeäh hq;= ;dla O¾uhka Ndjkdfjka jvd iïmQ¾K
l< fyhska Ndjkd mß{dj mqrd isáfial' tfyhska —iïud iïnqoaO˜
kï jk fial'
3' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia úo¾Ykd {dkhka wiuiu
je iïmQ¾K lr isá fial' ufkdauh iDoaêh wiuiu je iïmQ¾K
lr isáfial' iDoAê m%fNao {dkhka wiuiu je iïmQ¾K lr isá
fial' ÈjH fY%d;%{dkh wiuiu je iïmQ¾K ler isá fial'
mrÑ;a; úcdkk{dkh wiuiu je iïmQ¾K lr isá fial'
mq¾fõksjdidkqiauD;s {dkh wiuiu je iïmQ¾K lr isá fial'
wdY%jCIhlr {dkh wiuiu je iïmQ¾K lr isá fial' fufia
 58
wgjeoEreï úoHdjka f.ka wiuiu je iïmQ¾K lr isá fial'
tfia ue ioaOdh" ysßh" T;a;mamh" nyqiaiq;Ndjh" úßhh" i;sh"
m[a[dj" mámamiaimdßiqoaê iS,h" bkaøsh ixjrh" fNdacfk
u;a;[a[;dj" cd.ßhdkq fhda.h" rEmdjpr OHdkfhda h" hk fï
mif<dia prK O¾ufhka o wiuiu je iïmQ¾K jQ fial' fufia
wIag úoHdfhka o mif<dia prK O¾ufhka o uekeúka iïmQ¾K
fyhska —úccdprK iumJk˜ kï jk fial'
4' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia fYdaNk jQ jpk we;s
fyhska o" fYdaNk jQ .uka we;s fyhska o" fYdaNk jQ YÍrhla we;s
fyhska o" w;S;fhys o j¾;udkfhys o mßY=oaO m%;sm;a;s we;s
fyhska o —iq.;˜ kï jk fial'
5' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia ixialdr f,dalh o" i;aFj
f,dalh o" wjldY f,dalh o" uekeúka oek jod< fyhka —f,dalú¥˜
kï jk fial'
6' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia wkqka úiska yslauúh
fkdfyk ÈjH n%yau hCI kr kd.d§ka uekeúka yslaujd oukh
fldg ;uka jykafiaf.a iiqka oyïys fhdojd Æ fyhska —wkqF;r
mqßiouuidrÒ˜ kï jk fial'
7' foõ ñksikq a yg is,a msÍfï mgka wuduy ksjka iqjh f;la
yeu ms<sfj;a u.la u uekeúka lshd §fuka kshu wkqYdikdfhys
fh§ jod< fyhska foúñksiqka yg —YDia;DD˜ kï jk fial'
8' p;=rdhH_ i;H O¾uhka ;ukajykafia o mfrdamfoaYhla
ke;sj uekeúka wjfndaO fldg f.k wkqka yg o wjfndaO lr jQ
fyhska —nqoaO˜ kï jk fial'
9' ta udf.a nqÿmshdKka jykafia ijdikd il,laf,aYhka
ì| oeuQ fyhska o" W;=ï f,dù f,dõ;=rd .=K iuQyh Nckh l<
fyhska o" Nd.H O¾uhkaf.ka iukaú; jQ fyhskao —N.jd˜ kï
jk fial'
59
fï Ndjkdj lrk ieá fufia hs(-
fuys i|yka jkfka .=K kjfhls' tlla mdid fyd¢ka is;g
ldjÈk f;la f;areu ÈhqKq lr .; hq;= h' tfia fldg úfõl
ia:dkhlg ù mßhxlfhka ys|f.k iq¿ fõ,djla ksYaYío j
l,af.úh hq;= h' B<Õg ;ud iudokaj .;a YS,fha YslaIdmohka
;ud ;=< msßisÿ je fkd leã fkd ì§ fkd flf,iS mj;akd yeá
uq, isg w.g;a" w. isg uq,g;a fufkys lrf.k hd hq;= h' fufia
;ud f.a iS,h fyñka ie,els,af,ka fufkys lrkakd yg is;ays
m%S;shla my< ù l%ufhka jeä jeã hk ieá oefkkakg mgka
.kshs' ta m%S;sh kj;ajdf.k" fï mqKHdkqNdjfhka —ug ish¨
wdY%jhka f.ka ñ§ ksjka iqjh w;am;alr .ekSug Yla;sh ,efíjd˜
hs wêIaGdkh ;nd f.k m<uqjk nqÿ.=Khg is; fhduqlrkak'
th ál fõ,djla fufkys fldg fofjks nq ÿ .= K hg is ;
fhduqlrkak' fufia .=K kjh u wjika jk;=re fufkys fldg
keje; kej;;a fufia fufkys lrkak' ta l%uh is;g je§.sh
miq w. isg uq,g;a uq, isg w.g;a fufkys lrkak' l,la fï
ukisldrh mj;ajk l,ays we;eï .=K fyd¢ka m%lg j jegfykakg
mgka .kakjd we;' we;eï .=Khka m%lg fkdù hkq o we;' m%lg je
jegfyk .=Khka muKla is;g f.k ukisldrh mj;ajkak'
wka;sufha § .=K lSmhla fyda fyd¢ka jegyS.sfha kï tys is;
fhdod ukisldrh mj;ajkak' fufia ukisldrh mj;ajk l,ays
W;=rdhk ;rug m%S;sh u;=fjñka is;g iekiqï i,ikjd we;'
n,j;a ieoeye u;=fjñka is;a ikikq we;' is; ;ekam;a lrñka
ue is;g iekeiqï ie,efikq we;' kSjrKhka f.ka msßiqÿ jQ is;
ksido iekeiqï ie,efikq we;' w;S; foaj,ska is; bj;a ù mj;skq
we;' wkd.;hg fkd ÿjkjd we;' fkd úisÍ ;ekam;a is;la
mj;skq we;' fï fuu nqoaOdkqiai;s Ndjkdfõ m%fhdackh hs'
úo¾Ykd jvk fhda.djprhd fï Ndjkdj l,a we;sj mqreÿfldg
f.k úo¾Ykdjg m%:ufhka fuys fh§ug mqreÿúh hq;= h' ;jo
 60
úo¾Ykdj lrf.k hk wjia:dfõ lugyk tmdùï wd§ jYfhka
isf;ys ÿn,lula my< jqjfyd;a fï úÈfha mqreÿ lr.;a Ndjkd
wruqK is;g u;= lrf.k tys ál fõ,djla ukisldrh meje;aúh
hq;= h' weis,af,lska isf;ys jQ ÿn,lï u.yeÍ f.dia kshu
;;aFjhg m;afjkq we;' fufia fï Ndjkdj ÑF;iumyxikhg
Wmldr fjhs'
nqÿ.=K fufkys lsÍug ;j;a l%uhla'
1' iF:drx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
2' iq.;x p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
3' iuudiunqoOx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
4' iJ;x p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
5' ifu;drx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
6' oJ;x p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
7' ofu;drx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
8' mßksnnq;x p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
9' mßksnndfm;drx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj mfiihHx
10'iumJk úccdprKx p j;dyx mfiihHx" N.jJ;fuj
mfiihHx
iF:d fu NfJ; N.jd idjfld yuiñ
iF:d fu NfJ; N.jd idjfld yuiñ
iF:d fu NfJ; N.jd idjfld yuiñ
fuys f;areu(-
uu Ydia;Djrhl= olafkï kï" fï Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue
uf.a Ydia;D jYfhka olafkñ' uu iq.;hka jykafia flfkl=ka
olafkï kï" fï Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue olafkñ' uu iïud
iïnqÿ flfkl=ka olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue olafkñ'
61
uu imqrd ikaiqka .=K we;a;l= olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia
ue olafkñ' uu ikaiqka .=Khg Wfmfoia fofkakl= olafkï
kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue olafkñ' iudêmdlaIsl ou .=Kfhka
imqrd hqla; jQ flfkl=ka olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue
olafkñ' uu iudêmdlaIsl ou .=Khka i|yd imqrd Wmfoia fok
flfkl=ka olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue olafkñ' uu
flf,ia msßksjkska msßksjka mE W;=ul= olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka
jykafia ue olafkñ' uu flf,ia msßksjkska msßksjka mEug
imqrd Wmfoia fok W;=ul= olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue
olafkñ' uu wIagúoHd mif<diaprK O¾uhkaf.ka iïmQ¾K
W;=ul= olafkï kï" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ue olafkñ' iajdóks"
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia udf.a Ydia;DDka jykafia jk fial' uu
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a Y%djl fjñ' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia udf.a
.Dia;DDka jykafia jk fial' uu Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a Y%djl
fjñ' iajdókS" Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia udf.a YDia;DDka jykafia jk
fial' uu Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia f.a Y%djl fjñ'
fufia f;areu;a is;g .ksñka lSm úgla lshd ;=ka jrla
kuialdr fldg h<s fufia o ta wkka; nqoaO .=Khka flfrys is;
fhdokq (-
1' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ Nd.Hj;a nqÿrcdKka jykafia iu;sia
fmreï oï msÍfuka ÈhqKj q g m;a wkka; mqKHfhka hql;
a jQ fial'
ta wkka; mqKHiïNdrfhka ie§ .;a rEmldh iïm;a;sfhlska
iukaú; jQ fial' ta udf.a YDia;DDka jykafiag uu kuialdrh
lrñ' Wkajykafia ug msysg hs' irK hs'
2' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ Nd.Hj;a nqÿrcdKka jykafia oi oyila
ilaj, msysá ish¨ ifÉ;k wfÉ;k O¾uhka fya;=M, jYfhka
f;areï f.k wjfndaO lr.;a wkka; {dkhlska iukaú; jQ
fial' ta wkka; {dkfhka iukaú; jQ ta udf.a Ydia;DDka jykafiag
uu kuialdr lrñ' Wkajykafia ug msysg hs" irK hs'
 62
3' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia iïud iïfndaêh
,ene.ekSu i|yd iïmQ¾K l<d jQ iS,d È jYfhka ÈhqKj q g m;afldg
.;a wkka; .=K iuqodfhka iukaú; jQ fial' ta wkka; .=K we;s
udf.a YDia;DDka jykafiag uu kuialdr lrñ' Wkajykafia ug
msysg hs" irK hs'
4' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia ÈjH n%yau ukqIH
kd. iqm¾Kd§kaf.a ish¨ f;aci uevf.k u;=jkakd jQ wkka;
f;acilska iukaú; jQ fial' ta wkka; f;afcda n, we;s udf.a
YDia;DDka jykafiag uu kuialdr lrñ' Wkajykafia ug msysg hs"
irK hs'
5' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia yeu i;a;ajhkaf.a
yeu iDoaêhla u wNsNjkh fldg isá wkka; iDoaêhlska iukaú;
jQ fial' ta wkka; iDoaaêhla we;s udf.a YDia;DDka jykafiag uu
kuialdr lrñ' Wkajykafia ug msysg hs" irK hs'
6' ta udf.a YDia;DD jQ nqÿrcdKka jykafia ish¨ ifÉ;k
wfÉ;k cQ;sSka wNsNjkh lrñka meje;s wkka; jQ cQ;sfhlska
iukaú; jQ fial' ta wkka; jQ cq;shla we;s udf.a YDia;DDka
jykafiag uu kuialdr lrñ' Wkajykafia ug msysg hs" irK hs'
fuho fyd|g is; ;ekam;a fldg f.k lsysmjrla lshkq'
kej; kej; fufkys lrkq' is; lugyfkys fkd r|k wjia:dj,
§ fuh uekeúka msysg fjhs'
fu;a jevqu'
iqÇ NfjhHx ksÿfCLd - wyx ksppx wyx úh
ys;d p fu iqÇ fydJ;= - ucCOF;dZ: p fjßfkd
1' uu ks;s iqjm;a fjïud'''
2' ud ks;s iqjm;a jkakdla fuka" udf.a ys;j;a i;aFjfhda o
ks;s iqjm;a fj;ajd''''
63
3' ud fuka ud ys;j;=ka fuka ueoy;a i;aFjfhda o ks;s
iqjm;a fj;ajd''''
4' ud fuka" ud ys;j;=ka fuka" ueoy;a i;=ka fuka" wys;j;a
jQ i;aFjfhda o ks;s iqjm;a fj;ajdæ
fï wmg mqreÿ fu;a jvk .d:d fmf<a uq,a .d:dfõ woyi h'
fuys ^iqÇ& —iqjm;a fjïjdæ iqjm;a fjñæ iqjm;a fj;ajdæ˜ hkq ffu;%S
is;la i;a;aj jia;= flfrys iïnkaO lrk jpkfhda h' tajdg wms
zffu;%S yeÕSïZ hk jyr fhdouq' fï ffu;%S yeÕSu mj;ajk i;a;aj
jia;+ yq fldgia i;rlg fn§ fuys fmfk;s'
1' uu 2' ys;j;ayq
3' ueoy;ayq 4' ffjÍyq hkqfjks'
fï i;aj fldgia i;r ;udf.ka mgka .;a nj o is; ;nd
.kak' tl, Ndjkd jdlH i;frls' ta fufia hs'
1' uu iqjm;a fjïjdæ iqjm;a fjñ'
2' ud fuka udf.a ys;j;ayq o iqjm;a fj;ajdæ
3' ud fuka udf.a ys;j;=ka fuka ueoy;ayq o iqjm;a fj;ajdæ
4' ud fuka udf.a ys;j;=ka fuka ueoy;=ka fuka ffjÍyq o
iqjm;a fj;ajdæ hkqfjks'
m<uqfjks mshjr'
Ndjkdj mgka.kakd ms<sfj< fufia hs (-
m<uqfjka w;a md isrere Y=oOa mú;% lrf.k" úfõl ia:dkhl
myiq wkaoñka ^noaO m¾hxlfhka kï jvd fyd|hs& ys|f.k ;udf.a
YS,h i,ld ;=Kqrejka .=K isyl s r thska m%;
S h
s Wmojd f.k" ;udf.a
isref¾ ysi mgka fom;=, olajd lSm jdrhla is; fhduq lrkak' oeka
Tfí is;g Tn fmfkhs' ta is;g fmfkk Tn fj; is; ;nd.kak'
B<Õg m<uq i|yka uq,a jdlHh is;kak' —uu iqjm;a fjïjd˜ lSm
jrla is;kak' wka;us g —uu iqjm;afjñ˜ hs is;kak' th u lSm jrla
is;kak' oeka Tfí is; iqjm;a ^iemj;a iekeis,u s ;a& nj Tng oefkhs'
wka;us g Tn iemj;a j iekeis,u s ;a je bkakd ieá Tn is;g oefkhs'
 64
;ju;a kshu ffu;s%hg neiafia ke;' tys iajrEmh is;g
oekqKd muKs' ffu;s%h is;g f;areï .ekSug hs ;udg fufia
ffu;%sh meje;ajQfha' ffu;%sh f;areï fkd f.k ffu;%sh l<
fkd yelsh' ffu;%sh meyeÈ,s lr.ekSug ;j;a jpk lSmhla
u;=lr fokakg ;sfí'
ffu;%sh kï fyd| uDÿ fudf<dla is;l iajNdjh hs' th
msmqKq frdai u,la jeksh hs lsj yels h' ffu;%sh ke;s is; l=Kq jQ
fohla jeksh' we;eï úg ;o h'
1' ffjr is;"
2' ;ry is;"
3' ldhl mSvd hq;a is;"
4' udkisl mSvd ^lK.dgq& hq;a is;"
fï ffu;%shg m%;súreoaO is;a mej;=ï h' kshufhka ffu;%sh
;u is;a ;=< me<meÈhï lr .ekSug iaÓrj u;=fldg f.k mj;ajd
.ekSug fï lreKq i;r wkqj o is; ilialr .; hq;= h' ta fufia h'
1' uu ffjr ke;s fjñ
2' uu ;ry ke;s fjñ'
3' uu ÿlamSvd ke;s fjñ'
4' uu iqjm;a fjñ'
fï jdlHhka fyñka lshkak' is;kak'
fofjks mshjr
ó<Õg Tn i,id.;a fï fu;auh" iekeis,a, Tfí ys;j;dg
fokak' ys;j;l= f;dard .eksfï § Tn mßiaiï jkak' tfia lSfõ
ffu;%f
s ha ,efnk rd. me;a; .ek i,ld f.k h' ffu;%S Ndjkdjg
we;=<; iy msg; jYfhka i;=frda fokafkls' we;=<; i;=rd kï
rd.h hs' msg; i;=frda i;r fofkls' uq,ska i|yka jQfha ta i;r
fokd ms<ns |j h' tneúka Tfí w;s m%h
s hka yer m%h
s ukdm iïNdjkSh
.re ia:dkShhl= f;dard f.k ta mskaj;d wruqKg ^is;ska& f.k"
65
1' ud fuka u udf.a fï ys;j;d o ffjr ke;s fõjdæ
2' ud fuka u udf.a fï ys;j;d o ;ry ke;s fõjdæ
3' ud fuka u udf.a fï ys;j;d o ÿlamSvd ke;s fõjdæ
4' ud fuka u udf.a fï ys;j;d o iqjm;a fõjdæ
tlla tlla fjk fjk u lshd o is;d o Njdkdfõ fhfokak'
th iïmQ¾K jQ miq ys;j;=ka lsysm fofkl=ka o ys;g f.k fu;a
jvkak' w;sm%shhka o m%shia:dkfhys ;nd fu;a jvkak'
ys;j;a lñka is;g .;a lSmfokd u wruqKg f.k fu;a
jvkak' ta wruqfKa is; r|jd f.k ál fõ,djla úiSug mqreÿ
jkak' fï mqyqKqfõ ks;r ks;r fhfokak' Tn is;k leue;s
fõ,djl fuys fh§ug ;rï mqyqKqj ÈhqKqjg muqKqjd .ekSug
W;aidyj;a jkak' tfia u fï mqyqKqj msßfykakg fkd§ /l.kak'
kSjrK mfyka fjka ù úiSuhs /l.ekSu'
;=kafjks mshjr'
ó<Õg Tng lsÍug ;sfnkafka b;d ieye,a¨ jev áflls'
tkï ueoy;a fyda ffjÍ mqoa.,hka fo fldgilg fjk fjk u
fu;a meje;aùu hs' fuys § ueoy;a mqoa.,hdg fu;a lsÍfï § is;
WodiSk ùug o bv ;sfí' tfia jqjfyd;a Tn fuf;la mqreÿ l<
ffu;%S n,h h<s;a is;a ;=< Wmojd f.k is; ÈhqKqjg m;a lrf.k
mqoa.,hd o m%sh;ajhg muqKqjd f.k fu;a lrkak' tfia is;a
meje;aùug mqreÿùfuka fuys § Tng ch.; yels jkq we;' m%sh
mqoa.,hdg fuka u uOHia: jQ fï mqoa.,hdg o fu;a lsÍug fyd|ska
fu;ais;a meje;aùug Tn iu;a jkq we;' m%sh mqoa.,hka jeä
fofkl=ka is;ks a tlg iïnkaO lrf.k fu;a meje;a jQ wdldrfhka
u uOHia: mqoa.,hka lSmfofkl=ka tlg tl;= fldg f.k fu;a
is;a meje;aùug Tng ms<sjka jkq we;'
fï fldgig mqyqKqj ,eîfuka Tng Tn is;a ;=< n,j;a
Pkaohla jefvkq we;' thska ksis m%fhdack .ekSug uq, isg ffu;%h
s
w¨;alr .kak' thska Ñ;a; Yla;sh jefvhs' is; ldhH_laIu fjhs'
 66
ÑF;Roêmdohg <x fjhs' thska i;rfjks fldgi jQ ffjÍ mqo.
a ,hl=
- wukdm mqoa.,hl= wef;d;a Tyq wruqKq fldg fu;a lrkak'
l%ufhka ffu;%sh jv jvd mj;ajdf.k fu;ekg meñKs fyhska
Tfí wukdm mqoa.,hd yg o fu;a lsÍu Tng wmyiq fkdjkq we;'
tfia kï Tn uyd ch.%yKhla ffu;%sh iïnkaOj l< ieáhg
is;d.; yels fjhs'
hïlsis wdldrhlska ;u wukdm mqoa.,hdf.a jerÈ u;=ùfuka
Tn mj;ajdf.k wd ffu;%sh n,h hgm;a lrf.k oafõI yeÕSï
my< jk ,l=Kq oekqkfyd;a jyd u ta mqoa.,hd ;=< mj;akd mGú
Od;=" wdfmda Od;=" f;afcda Od;=" jdfhda Od;= lshd Od;= jYfhka
fjkafldg is;d n,d fï Od;=j,g oafõIhla ke;s nj f;areï
f.k is; ;=< jeãf.k wd oafõIh u¾okh lr .kak' ffu;%sh
u;=lr .kak' oafõYfha wd§kj;a - jerÈ me;a;;a ffu;%shfha
wdksixi me;a;;a is;g ;Èka f.k ta mqoa.,hd we;=¿ yeu wm%sh
wukdm mqoa.,hka u tla wruqKlg fhdod f.k fu;a lrkak'
kej; kej; fu;a lrkak'
fufia lsÍfï fhÿkq Tn oeka isf;ys m%udKj;a ÈhqKqjlg
m;a ù bka k d nj jegefykjd we;' tfia u Tn mq o a . ,hka
lSmfofkl=ka tlg tl;= fldg is;g .kakg yd wruqKq jYfhka
;nd.ekSug o iu;a nj f;areï f.k we;' ó<Õg Tng lsÍug
;sfnk l%shdj b;du;a ir, h' myiq h' tkï" uq,ska fu;a l<
mqoa., fldgia tlg f.k ms<sfj<ska fu;a l< hq;= h'
ta fufiah (
uu iqjm;a fjïjd'
ud ys;j;ayq o iqjm;a fj;ajd'
ud ueoy;ayq o iqjm;a fj;ajd'
ud wys;j;ayq o iqjm;a fj;ajd'
fufia fï fldgia i;f¾ ;u fu;a is; yeisrùu b;d fndfyda
67
fõ,djla lrkak' fï is; isiErùu fldmuK fõ,djla l< hq;=oe
hs Tn m%Yak k.kjd we;'
fukak thg ms<s;=re (- wil= uKav,fhys yiqrejk wirejl=
f,iska Tn fï mqoa., uKav,fhys ;udf.a is; yiqrejk l, uq,
§ mqoa., iSudjkg is; hg ù ;snQ nj Tn okakjd we;' meyeÈ,s
we;' fufia ffu;%S iudêfhka hq;= is; oeka oeka ta ta fldgia
wruqKq lrk úg mqoa., iSud yeÕSï f.ú f.ù hk yeá m%lg
fjhs' ffjÍ yeÕSï keue;s iSudj oeka f.ù f.dia ;sfí' uOHia:
iSud ye.Su o oeka ke;' ys;j;a iSudj f.ù hk ieá fmfka' wd;au
iSudj wka;su olajd ;sfí'
;j bÈßhg fufia is; yiqrejd,Sfï § fï fldgia i;f¾ u
i;a;ja ix{dj m%lg fjkakg mgka .ks hs' ish¨ iSud tlg uqiq
fjhs' t l, ta ish¨ i;a;j
a hka tlg ms~q fldg .;a tfia iudê
is;g —ifnn iF;d˜ —ish¨ i;a;ajfhda˜ hk woyia my< fjhs' oi
Èidj,g fu;a me;srùu o l< hq;= h' fï woyia keje; keje;
bfí my< fjhs'
1' ifnn iF;d NjJ;= iqÅF;;d
- ish¨ i;a;ajfhda iqjm;a fj;ajdæ
2' ifnn iF;d iqÅfkd fydJ;=
- ish¨ i;ayq iqj we;af;da fj;ajdæ
3' ifnn iF;d fLñfkd fydJ;=
- ish¨ i;ayq ks¾Nh fj;ajdæ
4' ifnn ;id iF;d iqÅfkd fydJ;= fLñfkd fydJ;=
- ish¨ ;e;s.kakd i;ayq iqjm;a fj;ajdæ ìhke;s fj;ajdææ
ish¨ i;a;ajhka tl /ilg tl mqxchla ù Tyqg fmfkhs'
meyeÈ,sj fmfkk fï i;a;aj ksñ;a; b;d §ma;su;a j o Tyqg
fmfkkakg mgka .kshs' is;;a fï i;a;aj ksñ;a;;a b;d lsÜgq
 68
fjñka mj;shs' oeka is; uekeúka iudêu;a ù we;' óg uq,e § u
kSjrKhkaf.a me,eöu keje;S ;snqfKa h' fï <x ùfuka meje;s
is;;a" i;a;aj ksñ;a;;a fol hïlsis Ydka; wjia:djl § tlaldiq
fjhs' fï m%:u OHdkh ,eîu hs'
isõfjks mshjr
jiSNdj mi ÈhqKqj
1' 2' iudmcck jiS yd jqgGdk jiS (-
fï isÿjQfha uyoa.; w¾mKdj h' fuys § Tn iqmÍlaIdldÍ
úh hq;= h' fï ,o ;;a;ajh b;d ie,els,af,ka /l.; hq;= h'
úfõl Ydka; mßirhl ys|f.k" tfia i;a;aj ksñ;a;g we;=¿ ù
.;a is; blaukska msg;g ksl=;a lr.; hq;= h' uq, § fuh u|la
ÿIalr jqj;a keje; keje; is; fh§fuka th lr.; yels jkq
we;' keje; iudêu;a ksñ;a;g is; we;=¿ lrkak' h<s;a msg;g
.kak' fuh fndfyda jdr .Kkla lrkak' mqreoao jeäfjk úg
b;d myiqfjka fuh l< yels fjhs' th jiSNdjh hs' fuys iudêu;a
is; máNd. ksñ;a;g we;=¿ lsÍu iudmÊckh hs' th blaukska
is;+ flfKys u l< yelsùu jiSNdjh hs' fuh iudmÊck jish hs'
ksñ;af;ka iudê is; msg;g .ekSu - ksl=;a lsÍu jqÜGdkh hs' th
is;+ blaukska l< yelsùu jiSNdjh hs' fï jqÜGdk jish hs'
3' wêgGdk jish
iudmÊckfhka hïlsis leue;s fõ,djla ;=< iudê is; tys
kj;ajd ;nd .eksfï mqyKq jq wêÜGdk jish hs' th lsßfï § OHdkhg
iuje§ thska keÕS ñks;;
a = folla fyda ;=kla kshu lrf.k —fumuK
ñks;;
a = .Kklska jqÜGdkh fõjd˜ hs wêÜGdk fldg iudmÊckh
^iuje§u& flfrhs' tys kshñ; fõ,djg bfí u jqÜGdkh isÿfjhs'
ld,h ál ál jeä lsÍfuka fuh ÈhqKj q g f.k hd hq;= fjhs'
69
4'/5' wdjcck mppfjCLK jis;dfjda'
uq, § iudmÊck" jqÜGdk fol jeäfhka ÈhqKq l< hq;= h'
ta fol fyd| yeá ÈhqKq jQ miq wêÜGdkh l< hq;= h' fï jiSNdj
;=k u ÈhqKq kï wdjÊck jish mgka .; hq;= h'
fuys § iudm;a;shg iuje§ thska ke.S ^jqÜGdkfhka miq&
OHdkdx. i,ld ne,sh hq;= h' jqÜGdkfhka miq OHdk Ñ;a; fha
,efnk ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL" tl.a.;d hk OHdkdx. m%lg ù
mefk;s' th fndfyda jdr .Kkla uq, isg w.g;a w. isg uq,g;a
i,ld ne,Su l< hq;= h' fuys mqyqKqj wdjÊck jish hs' thska
isÿfjk l%shdjka o i,ldne,Su mÉpfjlaLKh hs' fï fofla ys
jiSNdj ie,eiSfuka OHdk isf;a ,efnk OHdkdx.hkaf.a ;;a;ajh
myeÈ,s fjhs'
oaú;Shd§ OHdkfhda
m%:u OHdkh ms<sn| jiSNdj mi imsfrk úg ú;¾lfha fyda
ú;¾l úpdr fofla u fyda wd§kj is;g ths' m%:u OHdk ksldka;sh
wvq fjhs' tl< fhda.djprhd wd§kj jegyqK wx. ke;s B<Õ
wx.hka f.ka hq;= oaú;Shd§ OHdkfhda ,efn;ajd hs" wêÜGdk lr
máNd. ksñ;a;g is; fhdohs' fmr mßÈ OHdkfhda ,efn;s'
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ fhfokakjqka yg fï l%ufhka ysf;a
iudêh msysg lrf.k ixialdrhka iïu¾Ykh lsÍu myiq fjhs'
wY=N Ndjkdj'
i;a;ajfhda ;ukaf.a YÍrh Y=N jYfhka o" iem jYfhka o"
iaÓr jYfhka o je/È f,i .eksfuka uq<dfjka ÿl Èla lr
.kakdy' ;Kaydfjka ÿl Èla lr .kakdy' udkfhka ÿl Èla lr
.kakdy' fkdfhla úÈfha úm;g f.dÿre jkakdy' iir ÿlg hg
jkakdy' iekeis,a,la fkd ,nkakdy' fhdaksfida ukisldrhlg
bv wjqrd .kakdy' fï úm;a;s ud¾.fhka bj;aj iïm;a;slr
ud¾.hlg t<öug lh ms<sn| h:d ;;a;ajh jgyd .ekSug fï
 70
wY=N Ndjkd ud¾.h ufydamldÍ jkq we;' tfyhska fuf,dj ys;
msKsi o" mrf,dj ys; msKsi o fï Ndjkdfõ fh§u uekeú' fï
Ndjkdjg lhd.;di;s Ndjkdj hhs o" málal+, ukisldr hhs o"
ms<sl=,a Ndjkdj hhs o jHjydrh fjhs'
fï Ndjkdj lsÍfï § WoaOqud;ld§ ^bÈóï Ndjhg meñKs&
u<isrerla fyda ñksia wegiels,a,la fyda bÈßfhys isgf.k"
—wú[[dK iqNksNx - iú[[dKiqNx bux"
ldhx wiqNf;d miix - wiqNx Ndjfh i;sx˜
hkafkka oelafjk mßÈ" Y=N jYfhka is;d bkakd Tnf.a
fï YÍrh Ôú;skaøshfhka yd ú[a[dKfhka f;dr jQ fï u<l=Kg
iudkh lshd" fufia is;ska n,ñka fï wY=N Ndjkdj mj;ajkak'
;jo urKfhka Èk lSmhla blau .sh" bÈuqK" ;eka ;ekaj,ska
mKqjka iys; ierj je.sfrk" ks,ueiaika .ejeiS.;a" u< isrerla
foi n,d ta wY=N o¾Ykh isf;a ;ekam;a lrf.k" keje; keje;;a
ta foi is; fhdoñka fufkys lsÍfuka kSjrKfhda ikaisf|;s'
ú;lald§ wx. m%lg fj;s' th Wmldr fldg f.k úo¾Ykdj
meje;aúh yels fjhs'
;pm[pl lugyk'
flid" f,dud" kLd" oJ;d" ;fpd
;fpd" oJ;d" kLd" f,dud" flid"
flid" f,dud" kLd" oJ;d" ;fpd
fï l=,mq;h
% l= iiqka .;jk wjia:dfõ § WmdOHdhka jykafia
úiska fokq ,nk ksjka milalr .ekSu i|yd ufydamldÍ lugyk
hs' fuhska ry;a nj isÿfldg ksjka iqjfhka iekiS .;a W;=fuda
wm% u dK fj;s ' W;= ï iq j fhka iekefikq leue;s Tn;a ,o
úfõlfhka wurKSh m%fhdackhla i,id .ekSu msKsi ta meúÈ
W;=ukaf.a uQ,l¾uia:dkh kùNdjhg muqKqjd .kak'
71
fï lugyk lrk l%u folla nj fmfkhs' fuhska olajkafka
thska flá l%uh hs' fï fldgia my u fyd|g u m%lg hs' weiska
n,d oek .ekSug yelsjk fyhsks' fufia fïjd y÷kajd§ug fyda
;sfnk ;eka fiùug fyda W;aidyhla fkd jk nj lsj hq;= h'
m<uq Ndjkdfõ § lS mßÈ úfõlia:dkhlg meñK tys lshk
,o mßoafoka fï Ndjkdj mgka .; uekú'
1' flid (- nUhla muK jQ fï isrerg iïnkaO jQ ysfiys msyá s hd jQ
fï flaYfhda meyefhka o ms<ls ,
= h' igyka jYfhka o ms<l
s ,= h'
.¢ka o ms<sl=, h' msysá ;eka jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' msßis£ï
jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h'
2' f,dud (-nUhla muK jQ fï YÍrfhys me;sr msyá s hd jQ f,daufhda
meyfhka o ms<l s ,
= h' igykska o ms<ls ,
= h' .¢ka o ms<ls ,= h'
msysá Èid jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' msysá ;eka jYfhka o ms<sl=, h'
ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h'
3' kLd (- nUhla muK jQ fï YÍrhg wh;a jQ fo w;a yd fo md
weÕs,s w. msysáhd jQ kshfmd;= o meyefhka o ms<sl=, h' igyka
jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' .¢ka o ms<sl=, h' msysá Èid jYfhka o
ms<sl=, h' msysá ;eka jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' msßis£ï jYfhka o
ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h'
4' oJ;d (- nUhla muK jQ fï YÍrfha uqLfhys we;=<; jQ fo ;,af,ys
msyá
s hd jQ o;a o meyefhka o ms<l
s ,
= h' igyka jYfhka o ms<l
s ,
= h'
.¢ka o ms<sl=, h' msysá Èid jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' msßis£ï
jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h'
5' ;fpd(- nUhla muK jQ fï YÍrfha uq¿,a, jidf.k ;sfnkakd
jQ isú iu o meyefhka o ms<l
s ,
= h' igyka jYfhka o ms<l
s ,
= h'
.¢ka o ms<sl=, h' msysá Èid jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' msßis£ï
jYfhka o ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h' ms<sl=, h'
 72
fï l%ufhka uq, mgka w. olajd mia ^5& jrla lshkq' w.
isg uq,g ^5& jrla lshkq' keje; uq, isg w.g;a w. isg uq,g;a
^5& jrla lshkq' keje; tfiau mif<dia ^15& jrla i,lkq' is;
;ekam;a fldg f.k fufia Ndjkdfõ fh§fuka úfYaI Ñ;a;
Yla;shla ,efnkjd we;'
urKdkqiai;s Ndjkdj'
Ôú;x wksh;x - urKx ksh;x
Ôú;x wksh;x - urKx ksh;x
Ôú;x wksh;x - urKx ksh;x
Ôj;a ùu kshu ke;' ueÍu kshu ù we;'
Ôj;a ùu kshu ke;' ueÍu kshu ù we;'
Ôj;a ùu kshu ke;' ueÍu kshu ù we;'
mud ùu yeu jevlg u ndOdfjls' Ndjkdj jeks ufkd
uQ,sl jevg ta mud ùu úfYaIfhka ndOdjla i,ik ieá wmg
fmfkhs' ta mud keue;s je/oao myiqfjka whskl
a r .ekqug" wE;alr
.ekSug ;udg ljr fudfyd;l fyda urKh <Õdfjk j.
urKfhka ish,a, hg lr .kakd j. i,lk l, Ndjkd § fyd|
jefvys is; Wkkaÿ lr .; yels fjhs' thska wm%udoh ^fkd mudj&
u;= ùfuka jevj, fh§u i|yd i;shg bv ie,efihs'
1' jev l< nj is;d fyda lrkakg we;s jev .ek is;d fyda
l=iS; ùug bv ke;'
2' .sh .uka .ek is;d fyda hkakg we;s .uka .ek is;d
fyda l=iS; ùug bv ke;'
3' yg .;a f,vl § fyda f,äka ke.S isá úg fyda f,v
.ek i,ld l=iS; ùug bv ke;'
4' iefyk muKg l=ig wyrla fkd ,eîfuka ta mdvqj is;d
f.k fyda l=ig wyr iEfyk muK ,eîfuka ta .ek
73
is;d f.k fyda l=i;
S ùug bv ke;' ta yeu wjia:djl § u
oeka oeka meñKSug bv ;sfnk urKhg l< hq;= jevg
bÈßm;a ùug is; my< jkq we;'
fufia o i,lkak (
1' Wfoa br mdhk úg ;Kfld< w.siafia msks ì÷j uq;=
weghla fuka nn<kq fmfkhs' th ;j iq¿ fõ,djlska úh,S fkd
fmfkk ;;a;ajhg jefghs' fï i;a;ajhkaf.a Ôú;h o fld;rï
w.hl jecUqK;a urK keue;s ysref.ka úh,S hkq fmfka'
urKfha ieá fmr;a fufia h' Ôú;h wksh; hs' urKh ksh; hs'
2' ;Èka iq<Õ yuk úg oe,a jQ myk ta iq<Õska ksù hkakd
fia fï wdhqI kï jQ Ôúf;kaøsh iys; kdurEm ika;;sh f.ù
hhs' fufia fï Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
3' uyd iïm;a;sfhka wdVH j iïmQ¾K j isá uyd iïu;d §
rcjre o isgqjre o ;j;a uyd .=Kj;a n,j;a f;oj;a W;=fuda o
urKfhka ta .=K n, f;o wjika fldg urKhg m;a jQy' fufia
Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
4' we;=<; jQ o msg; jQ o mGúOd;= fldamh ksid o fï Ôú;hg
ydks meñfKhs' fufia fyhska o Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
5' wdfmdaOd;=j lsmSfuka fiï fodia lsmSfuka fï Ôú;h
ke;s ù hhs' tfyhska fï Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
6' f;afcdaOd;=j ms; lsmf
S uka o fï Ôú;h jekiS hhs' tfyhska
o Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
7' jdfhdaOd;=j lsmSfuka o fï Ôú;h jekiS hhs' tfyhska o
Ôú;h wksh; h" urKh ksh; h'
8' wdYajdi m%Yajdi fol keje;S hdfuka meje;aug bv fkd
,eîfuka o fï Ôú;h jekeiS hkq we;' tfyhska o Ôú;h wksh;
h" urKh ksh; h'
 74
fuys l%uh fufiah'
m%Odk Ndjkdjla id¾:l wkaoñka mj;ajd f.k hdu i|yd
uq, § i,ld .; hq;= wdldr lSmfhls' fï i;r lugyka ms<sn|
Ndjkdjla lsÍfï § t;rï lreKq fiùu wejeis ke;'
m%Odk Ndjkdjla lsÍug mgka .ekSfï § fï Ndjkd i;r
fyd|g ÈhqKqjg ;nd .ekSu fndfyda m%fhdackj;a jkq we;' uQ,
l¾uia:dkh kï jQ m%Odk Ndjkdj mgka f.k lrf.k hdfï §
oji uq, § fï Ndjkd i;ßka wdrïN lsÍu uekeú' fï i;r
uekeúka mqyqKqj ,oaoyq úiska wdrïNfha § fláfhka lsÍu o
Roaêmdohka jevqKq úg ta Roaêmdo O¾uhkg bv ;nd fl<ska u
uQ, l¾uia:dkhg is; fhduq lsÍu o isß;a jYfhka isÿjkq we;'
75
3'
OHdk Ndjkd yd ud¾. Ndjkd
OHdk Ndjkd'
Ndjkdfjlska w;am;a lr .kq ,nk m%;sM,hkg is;a fhduq
lsÍfuka fï OHdk Ndjkd yd ud¾. Ndjkd hk kï fol fhdokq
,nk nj fmfkhs ' we;a ; jYfhka u fï wE;s k a Èia f jk
m%fhdackhka yer b;d <Õska u o" blaukska yd myiqfjka ,efnk
m% ; s M , wdks i xi /ila Ndjkdj ;= < ;s f nk nj wm úis k a
f;areïlrf.k ;sìh hq;= h' Tn Ndjkdfõ fhfof;d;a" njqka
jvf;d;a" Tn wjg isákak jqka yg o fuh y~ k.d lshkq we;'
hkq uf.a ;o úYajdih hs'
Tõ" Tn fkdfhla úÈfha foa j,g is; fhdodf.k fjfyiska
fm<s fm<S .; l< ld,h u;l we;' fud,h krla lr f.k" ;o
oeú,s ;eú,s fkd iekeis,s ksid úkaod jQ o ú¢kd jQ o n,j;a j
È.a.eiS .sh mSvdldÍ ÿla fõokd u;l we;' fï mSvdlÍ ;;a;ajhg
Tn m;ajQfha kslï u fkd fõ' fya;=jla we;sj h' fï fya;=j kï
;udf.a is; flf,ia li<g hg lrf.k oeÕÆ nj fláfhka
mjikakg mq¿jks'
fï jpk áflys woyi Tng meyeÈ,s úh hq;= h' fï fjkqfjka
;j;a u|la ieie¢,a,la fokafkñ' Tn Tfí is;a .;a fohla miafia
;udf.a is; fndfyda fõ,djla Odjkh lr jQ nj u;la lr n,kak'
th ;udg iïnkaOlr ;nd .ekSug uykais .;a;d' thg wkqkf a .ka
m¨ÿ fjk úg isf;a .egqï my< jqkd' th È.a.eiaiSfuka úúO
l,y" onr" YdÍßl mSvd" udkisl mSvdj,g wyqjqkd' wka;sug
 76
Ôú;ydks j,g o fya;= fjk yeá i,lkak' fï úm;a /ilg
f.dÿre jQfha is; ;ekam;a lr fkd .ekSu fya;=fjka nj i,ld
n,kak' ;j;a fláfhka is;d .ekSug Tng lreKla bÈßm;a
lrñ' is; fhduq lrkak'
weig yuqfjk m%sh jia;= miafia is; .uka lrkjd' ÿjkjd"
fufia u m%sh y~ miafia o" ri" iqj| miafia o ÿjkjd' tfllska
fyda Tng keje;Sfula ke;s is;sú,s id.rhl jeà k<shk iajNdjh
fkd fõ o fï isÿùu /i@ meKs ye<shl oÕ,k weU,hd foi
n,kak' is; fhdokak'
fun÷ wjia:dj, § wr weU,hdf.a ;;a;ajh f;areï f.k
tn÷ wjia:djkg fkd jeà" bÈßm;a jk foa .ek ;rula keje;S
is; kj;ajd f.k" is; fhduqlrkakg is;g .kak' wOHd;auhg -
^ish isrerg& is; kukak' ;ekam;a ù ys|.kak' ;udf.a ysfia mgka
fom;=, olajd;a" fom;=, mgka ysi olajd;a is; .uka lrjkak'
fuh lSmjrla lrkak'
fï ms<sfj<g is; fhdodf.k iEfyk fõ,djla ^ñksÜgq 10 -
15 muK& ld,h .;lrk úg isf;a ;ekam;a lula ie,fihs' óg
l,ska fkd ;snQ iekis,s .;shla oefkhs' m%S;shla oefkhs' i;=gla
oefkhs' fkdfhla úÈfha úfkdaodxYj, fhfÿKq Tng lsisodl fï
úÈfha iekis,a,la m%S;shla i;=gla fkd ,enqKq nj Tng u isysjkq
we;' tn÷ wjia:dj, § ,enqKq ;djld,sl iekis,s wdÈh uldf.k
my< jQ Ñ;a; úldr ksid thska lsiÿs iaÓr iekeis,,
a la isÿ fkd jk
ieá kqjKska i,lk Tng jegyS hd hq;= h' wOHd;añl Ñ;a;
ixj¾Ok l%uhka wkqj i,lk l,ays fï oelajqfKa w;sYh f,aY
ud;%fhls'
1' nqÿrcdKka jykafia jeks" uq¿ f,dal Od;=j ;=< Ydka;s rih
m;= r ejd fkdhla w;s k a foúhkg" ñks i q k g muKla fkdj"
krrl=ikg yd ;sßika i;=kayg o fkd kefik iekis,a,la idod
ÿka W;=ful=f.a wryd§ .=Khka ;ukaf.a is;a ;=< r|jdf.k úiSfï
77
l%uh jQ nqÿ.=K Ndjkdj mqreÿ lsÍfuka b;d Wiia jQ iekis,a,la
,efnk nj w;aoelSï wkqj Tn bÈßfhys ;eîug yelsj ;sfí'
^msgq 57 - 62 n,kq&
2' Tn is;glror lrñka kr rl=ia .;s" ;sßika .;s ks;r ks;r
ujd mdkd" ffjr fl%daO ;ry" ÿla fodïkia" B¾IHd§ ÿ¾.=Khka
ksjd,ñka is;a i;ka ikid" wd;aud¾:ldólï uldf.k f,dj
we;s ieufokd tl f.or jik iu woyia we;s kEoE ñ;=re msßila
njg yrjd ie<elSfï l%uh jQ ffu;%S Ndjkdj mqreÿ lsÍfuka
,nd.;e yels iekeis,a, .ek Tn is;a i;ka fhduq lrk f,i
u;la lrkafka wm%udK ffu;%sfhlsks' ^msgq 63 - 69 n,kq&
3' isrere l+vj
q ms<ns |j mj;akd Pú rd.h" j¾K rd.h" ixia:dk
^YÍr wjhj msyà s u ms<n
s |& rd.h" ksid my< jk Y=N yeÕSfuka u;a
ù isÿfjk fkd iekis,s .;sfhka is; fjka fldg iekis,s i,id
.ekSu i|yd wiqN Ndjkdfõ ^ms<sl=,a Ndjkdfõ& fh§u b;du;a
m%fhdack iys; nj u;la lrfoñ' ^msgq 69 - 72 n,kq&
4' m%udoh yeu msßySulg u uq,h" yeu úm;lg u fodrgqj h' ta
m%udofhka fjka ù wm%udo m%;smodj i,id .ekSu i|yd urK
i;sh jeãu uekú' thska Tng uy;a iekis,a,la ie,efikq we;'
^msgq 72- 74 n,kq&
5' ;j;a bÈßhg Tfí is;a i;kays fyd¢ka ksùula iekis,a,la
ie,efik ieá u;=lr oelaùug ud W;aidy orkafka —uq¿ i;a;aj
ixy;shg u Wiia m%fhdackhla ie,efikjd we;'˜ hk ksrdñI
m%d¾:kdj Wv nj i,lkq ,efíjd'
rEm lduh" Yío lduh" .kaO lduh" ri lduh" iam¾Y
lduh" ú;¾l lduh hk ms<sfjf<a ldu ixl,amkdfõ jeà mSvd
ú§ï" fl%daO-mr-ysxid§ wfõ.hkaf.ka u;=jk mSvd ú§ï" isf;a
lfha wl¾uKH;d ksid my< jk w,dN isf;a fkdikaiqka lï yd
úÑlsÉPdjka ksid my<jk mdvq o u. yrjdf.k fldáka lshf;d;a
 78
is; kSjrKhkaf.ka fjka lrf.k úiSfuka ,efnk uq,a OHdk
is; Wmojd f.k jdih lsÍfï § Tng úkaokh l< yels jkqfha
b;d by< mka;sfha iekeis,a,ls' fojk" ;=kajk yd y;rjk
OHdkhka Wmojd .;fyd;a Bg;a jvd Wiia iekeiSula w;am;a
lr.; yelsjkq we;'
OHdk Ñ;a;h'
OHdk ^COdk& hkafkys f;areu lisKdÈ wruqKq WmksÊCOdhkh
^i,ld ne,Su& lrkakd o" m%;ú s reoaO jQ kSjrKd§ O¾uhka ojkakd o
lshd woyia folla § ;sfí' fï wre;a foflys ue tal.a.;dj fyd|g
ue fh§ we;' ta tal.a.;dj jkdys tal;ajdrïuK ixLHd; jQ tal
w.%h' fldaáh ^fl<jr& fyda fudyqg he hk w¾:fhka tal.a. ixLHd;
jQ Ñ;a;h ms<n s | je tfia meje;=fuys wdêm;H .=Kfhda.fhka t
kñka jyrkq ,fí' ta tal.a.;dj ue is; kka wruqfKys úisÍhkakg
fkd §" tla wruqfKys u m%;ms laI O¾uhka ÿreùfuka uekeúka ;nhs'
—iuud wdëh;S ;s˜ - iudê bkaøshhka ms<sn| iuNdjh fldg
tysu ,SkNdjhg o WoaOÉpNdjhg o jefgkakg bv fkd§ iu
je ;nhs hk w¾:fhka iudêh hs o lshkq ,efí'31 th ue fmf<ys
—wúfCLfmd wúixydfrd iKÀ;s wjgÀ;s˜ hhs olajk ,§'
ú;laldÈh jQ l,S tue tal.a.;djg w;sYhska Wmldr fyhska COdkh
hs ue lshk ,§' tfia uehs(-
1' ú;¾lh jkdys ÒkñoaOhkg hg ù" miq niakg fkd§
oeä je wruqKg is; fhduq flfrhs' ú;¾lfha iajNdjh wruqfKys
we;=¿ùu hs' th ÒkñoaOhkag fl<ska u m%;smlaIhs'
2' úpdrh úÑlsÉPdfjka is;g ye,yemafmkakg bv fkd§"
oeäj ta is; wruqK wkqj ne÷kla u flfrhs' úpdrh wruqfKys
lsñ§u ,laIK fldg we;af;a h' th m%{d m%lD;sl hs' úÑlsÉPd
kSjrKhg tl t,af,a u m%;smlaI h'
31' úN' nq' c' 384 msg
79
3' m%S;sh is;g jHdmdo fodaIfhka Wlg,S jkakg bv fkd
;nd wruqfKys i;=gq jQjla ue flfrhs' m%S;sfha iajNdjh wruqKg
m%sh lsÍu hs' th jHdmdo kSjrKhg tl t,af,a u m%;smlaI h'
4' tfiau iqLh WoaOÉp l=ll
a É
= pfhka hg ù fkd ikaikq l
a ulg
jefgkakg fkd § is;" wruqfKa § ,;a ñysr jeäÈhqKj q g m;a lrhs'
iqLh Ydka; ,laIK we;af;a h' WoaOÉp l=ll a É
= p kSjKhg tl
t,af,a u m%;m
s laI h'
5' WfmlaLdj Ydka; iajNdjh we;af;a h' tfyhska iqLfhys
ue ix.%y lrk ,§' fufia lrkakd jQ ta O¾ufhda ta wruqfKys ta
isf;a uekúka tlÕ nj i|yd ue fj;s' tal.a.Ndjh kï ^tlÕ
nj kï& tal.a.;dj ue hs' ta tal.a.;dj o ta O¾uhkaf.ka tfia
wkq.%y ,en w;sYhska n,j;a je lduÉPkaoh wkqj fkdfhla
wruqfKys isf;a Èùu j<ld lisK ksñ;a;d§ ta ta wruqfKys
ksYap,j msysgd isg ta wruqK fj; t<eU n,hs' tfyhska ta ish¨
O¾ufhda WmkscCOdhk w¾:fhka OHdk hhs lshk ,§'
ta ta O¾uhka tfia mj;akd l,ays Tjqkg m%;smlaI kSjrK
O¾ufhda wjldYhla fkd ,en tys mßhqÜGdkhg m;aùug fkd
yels fj;s' t fyhska oejqKdyq fj;s' t fyhska tajdg m%s;smlaIhka
ojk f;areu wkqj —COdk˜ hhs lshk ,§' fuh fufia j;=ÿ hï
fyhls k a COdk-u.a . -iïfnda ê ixLHd; ;% s ú O ia : dkhka y s
O¾uhkaf.a idu.%Hh m%Odk fõ o" wÙ.hkaf.a tl;=fjys § u
w¾mKdm%dma;s jYfhka WmksÊCOdhkd§ lD;Hhka isÿjk fyhsks'
hï fyhlska ta O¾ufhda lshk ,o l%ufhka fjka fjka je ;ukaf.a
lD;Hhka lrkakdyq o" Ñ;a;h ms<sn| wruqfKys ksYap, m%dma;s
ixLHd; tl ue WmksÊCOdhkh lrkakdyq o" t fyhska r:fha
wjhjhkaf.a iuqodhfh ys u ^tl;=fjys u& r:h hk jyr fuka
Tjqkaf.a iuqodhfh ys u —OHdk˜ jHjydrh isoOh hs o; hq;= h'
fï OHdkhka ms<sn| wx.fNaoh lrk ,oafoa ljqreka úiska o
h;a¦ th lrk ,ofoa mqoa.,dOHdYfhks' hfula ú;¾lh iydh
 80
fldg f.k m[pdx.sl OHdkh Wmojdf.k" ta OHdkfhys jiSNdjh
o my<fldg f.k h<s ú;¾lfhys l<lsf¾ kï Tyqg ú;¾lh
blaue f.k ú;¾lh ke;s p;=rx.sl OHdkh ,en .ekqug woyi
my< fjhs' tl,ays fyf;u ta m%:u OHdkh u mdolNdjh msKsi
oeä je iuje§ thska ke.S ta wOHdYfhka hq;j
= ue h<s;a Ndjkdfjys
fhokqfha ú;¾lfhka f;dr p;=rx.sl OHdkh ,ene .kshs'
tys ta Ndjkdj ú;¾lfhka hq;= jqj o ta woyiska mßNdú; jQ
fyhska ú;¾l úrd. Ndjkd kï fjhs' ta Ndjkdfõ n,fhka ta
OHdkh WmÈkqfha wú;¾l p;=rx.sl je ue hs' fiiq OHdkhka
,eîfï o l%uh fuh ue hs' fufia mqoa.,hdf.a woyi wkqj ta
OHdkhkaf.a wx. fNaoh isÿjk ieá ie,lsh hq;= h' fuys ÿ u;=
u;af;ys OHdkhka ,en .ekqfï § thg uq,ska jQ OHdkhg iuje§u
wjYHfhka leue;súh hq;= h' —fygÀux fygÀux m.=KcCOdkx
Wmßuii Wmßuii mogGdkx fyd;s˜ hs háka we;s m%.=K jQ OHdkh
u;=u;af;ys OHdkhg moÜGdk fõh hs wgqjdfõ lshk ,§'
wOHdYhhdf.a n,fhka by< OHdkh WmÈkqfha mdol OHdkhg
iudkj fkd fõ' mdol OHdkhg jvd mqo.a ,dOHdYh f;fï w;sYhska
n,j;a fjhs' —bcCO;s NsCLfj is,jf;d fpf;dmKsê úiqoO.;d˜32
hs t fyhska Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia jod< fiala ue hs'
iudêhla ÈhqKq ùug wx. 10 la wdjYHlh'
1' w;S;dkqOdjkx ÑF;x úfCLmdkqm;s;x ;x újcchsFjd tlgGdfk
iudoy;s" tjums ÑF;x úfCLmx k .pP;s
2' wkd.; mdálxLdkx ÑF;x úCums;x" ;x újcchsFjd ;f;:j
wêfudfp;s" tjums ÑF;x úfCLmx k .pP;s
3' ,Skx ÑF;x fldccdkqm;s;x m..KysFjd fldiccx mcy;s" tjums
úfCLdmx k .pP;s
4' w;s m..ys;x ÑF;x WoOppdkqm;s;x" ;x ks..KysFjd WoOppx mcy;s
32' wx' ks' wgGlks
81
5' wNsJ;x ÑF;x rd.dkqm;s;x" ;x iumcdfkd yqFjd rd.x mcy;s"
tjums - fm-
6' wmJ;x ÑF;x LHdmdodkqm;s;x" ;x iumcdfkd yqFjdLHdmox mcy;s"
tjums ÑF;x k úfCLdmx .pP;s' bfuys Pys Gdfkys mßiqoOx
ÑF;x mßfhdod;x tlF;.;x fyd;s
1' w;S;hg Èfjk" thska úlafIamhg jegqKq hï isf;la fõ kï th
kj;ajd tla wruqfK msygs j
q hs' fufia;a is; úlafIamhg fkd hhs'
2' wkd.;h me;=fuka fjfiiska ief,k hï isf;la fõ kï" th
yeroud tys u wêuqjpkh flfrhs' fufia;a is; úlafIamhg
fkd hhs'
3' l=iS; lñka ,Sk jQ hï isf;la fõ kï" th Tijd,ñka l=iS;lu
ÿre flrhs' fufia;a is; úlafIamhg fkd hhs'
4' b;d oeä fldg.;a WoaOÉphg jegqKq hï isf;la fõ kï" th
wvqfldg úisß.sh .;sh ÿre flfrhs' fufia;a is; úlafIamhg
fkd hhs'
5' fjfiiska keó rd.h wkqj .sh hï isf;la fõo" th ukd kqjK
my<lr .ksñka ta rd.h ÿre flfrhs' fufia;a is; úlafIamhg
fkd hhs'
6' jHdmdoh wkqj .sh hï isf;la fõ o" ukd kqjK wruqKq yd .eà
my< lr .ksñka ta jHdmdoh ÿre flfrhs' fufia;a is;
úlafIamhg fkd hhs' fï lreKq yh fya;= fldg f.k msßisÿ
jQ is; nn<k iq¿ jQfha tal;ajhg .sfha fjhs'33
fuys tal;ajhhs lshk ,oafoa iudêh hs' tys wx. ihla we;s
nj m%ldYs; h' fuys lshk ,o ta wx.hkaf.a meyeÈ,s f;areu
fufia hs'
1' lugyfkys fhdod we;s is; miq.sh foaj,a lrd fkd hdu'
2' wkd.; me;=ï fidhd fkd Èùu'
3' Òk ñoaOh ksid fkd yels<Su'
33' máix' nq' c' 316
 82
4' WoaOÉph ksid fkd úisÍu'
5' rd. woyiaj,ska ls,sá fkd ùu'
6' jHdmdofhka fkd .eàu" hk fï lreKq ifhka hq;=je
lugyka wruqfKys mj;akd is; iudêfhka hqla; hhs
lsj hq;= h'
ta isf;ys iudêh ;sfí' tfyhska is; iudêu;a hhs lsj hq;= h'
tfy;a ta is; OHdkfhka hqla; jQfha ke;' OHdk is;la ùug ;j;a
Tíng ÈhqKq úh hq;= h' w¾mKd is; hhs lshkafka o fï OHdk
iïmkak is;g u h'
fuu tal;ajh kï jQ iudêh mqoa.,dkqrEm je woyia wkqje i;r
wdldrfhlska ,efí'
1' odkjia;= mß;Hd.h ksid my< jk pd.dkqiai;s iudêh"
2' iu: ksñ;a; t<eU isàfuka my< jk iudêh"
3' Nx. ,laIKh t<eU isàfuka my< jk iudêh
4' ksfrdaOh t<eU isàfuka my< jk iudêh" hkq ta i;r
wdldrh hs'
tys m%:uh Wmpdr iudêh hs' fo jekak w¾mKd iudêh hs'
;=ka jekak úo¾Ykd iudêh hs' isjq jekak ud¾. iudê M, iudê
hk fol hs' fufia iemhqKq iudêh fuf;lska iïmQ¾K fkd fõ'
fuh m%udoh fya;= fldg f.k msßySug bv ;sfí' ydkNd.sh
O¾uhka fuys ,d oelaùu iqÿiq hhs i,lñ'
—mGuii COdkii ,dNsx lduiy.;d i[[d uksisldrd
iuqodprJ;s" ydkNd.sfhd Ofuud -fm- ÿ;shii COdkii ,dNsx
ú;Cl iy.;d i[[d ukisldrd iuqodjrJ;s' NdkNd.sfhd
Ofuud -fm- ;;shii COdkii ,dNsx mS;s iy.;d i[[d
ukisldrd iuqodprJ;s" NdkNd.sfhd -fm- p;=F:ii COdkii
,dNsx iqL iy.;d i[[d ukisldrd iuqodprJ;s" NdkNd.sfhd
-fm-˜
83
hkqfjka máiïNsod u.a. md<sfhys oelajQ mßÈ" m%:u OHdkfha
msßySug ldudrïuKhla is;a ;=<g n,mEu o oaú;Sh OHdkdÈfha
msßySug tajdg uq,ska jQ OHdkdx. wruqKq n,mEu o fya;=jk nj
ie,elsh hq;= h'
OHdk is;l msßySug lreKq ;=fkla fjhs'
1' flf,iqka yd úlaLïNkh l< wx.hkaf.a n,mEu'
2' wimamdh l%shdjkays fh§u'
3' wkkqfhda.h" hkqfjks'
1' flf,iqka yd m%ySkdx.hkaf.a n,mEfuka msßySfï §" th
fndfyda fõ.fhka isÿfjhs' wyfia hk OHdk,dNshd ldudrïuK
yuqùfuka mshdm;a od .sh mlaIshl= fia ìug m;s; fjhs' tfy;a
ÈhqKq ù ;snQ Ydka; O¾ufha n,fhka m;kfhka jk ydkshlg
Ndckh fkd fõ'
2' wimamdh l%h
s d kï ( lïudrdu;dj" Niaidrdu;dj" ksoO
a drdu;dj"
ix.Ksldrdu;dj" hk fïjd h' ,nd ÈhqKq lr.;a OHdkhg wys;lr
fï l%shdjka ksid msßySu fyñka isÿfjhs' tfy;a th ìysiqKq h'
msßyqKq nj mjd i,ld .kakg fkd yels ùfï iajNdjfhka háka
msßySu isÿjk fyhsks'
3' yg.;a f,v h" wdydr" isjr
q e" wdjdi hk fï wdjYHl lreKq
ke;slu h" hk fï m<sfndaOfhka fm<Sfuka kej; kej;" we;s
lr.;a ;u OHdkhg iujÈkakg fkd yels ùu wkkqfhda.h hs'
fufia msßySfï § o" msßfykafka fyñks' máiïNsod u.a. md<sfha
n,j;a fya;j= jYfhka olajk ,ofoa flf,iqkf a .a n,mEu h' oaú;Sh
OhdkdÈfhka msßySfï § hg hg OHdkdYdj n,mEfuka isÿfjhs'
;ud ,nd.;a OHdkhg h<s;a iuje§ug fkd yelsù kï" túg th
msßyS.h
s nj o; hq;= h' ,ene.;a OHdkfhys ue wdYdj meje;aùfuka
by< OHdkhg meñKsh yels fkd fõ' tfyhska fuys § fhda.jprhd
keKj;a úh hq;= h' úuiqï iys;j tys fhÈh hq;= h'
 84 85

;ud ,enQ iudêh msßfykakg fkd§ /l .ekSu yd OHdk rEmdjpr m%:u OHdkh'
;;a;j
a hg muqKj q d .ekSu WmksYh% n, we;a;jqka yg t;rï ÿIalr m%;sNd. ksñ;af;ys is; fhdod ukisldrh mj;ajk l,ays
ke;;a" tn÷ n,h ke;s fyda wvq fyda we;a;jqka yg t;rï myiq Ndjkdj Wmpdr kdufhka u h jHjydr jkafka' th ldudjpr
ke;' we;uqka yg fndfyda ÿIalr wjia:djkg m;ajkakg isÿjkafkah' Njkdj ue hs' tfy;a kSjrKfhda fndfyda ÿrg ixis£ .shy hs lsh
Ndjkd fNaoh yd ksñ;s' hq;= ;ekg m;aù we;' OHdkdx.fhda o uekúka m%lg fj;s' hï
úfgl fï m%;sNd. ksñ;a;ys Ndjkd Ñ;a;h we;=¿ jQ fia oekhs o"
mßl¾u Ndjkd" Wmpdr Ndjkd" w¾mKd Ndjkd hhs Ndjkdj
th w¾mKd,dNdjia:dj hs' iuyreka yg fu muKlska fï w¾:h
;=ka wdldr fjhs' Ndjkdfõ Wiia m%;M
s ,h kï OHdk iudêhla fyda
isÿ fkd fõ' Tjqka úiska oidldr w¾mKd fl!Y,Hh iïmodkh
ud¾. iudêhla ,efnk ieáhg is; ÈhqKq njg m;alr .ekSu h'
l< hq;= h ta oYh kï (-
fuh w¾mKd wjia:dj hhs lshkq ,efí' fï w¾mKdjg mQ¾j
Nd.fhys meje;s ish¨u Ndjkd ldudjpr h' ta ish¨ Ndjkdjg ue 1' jF:q úiolsßhd
mßl¾u kduh fmdÿfõ ,efí' tfy;a th w¾mKdjg ÿria: h - 2' bJøsh iuF; mámdokx
iómia: h hehs fNao follska hq;= fjhs' 3' ksñF; fldi,,x
tys hï Ndjkdfjla w¾mKdjg iómia: kï th iómfhys 4' hiñx iufh ÑF;x m..fy;nnx" ;iñx iufh ÑF;x
meje;s fyhska Wmpdr Ndjkdj hehs lshkq ,efí' ÿria: kï th m..Kyd;s
mßl¾u Ndjkd kï fõ' fufia tlu mßl¾u Ndjkdj ióm ÿr 5' hiñx iufh ÑF;x ks,.fy;nnx" ;iñx iufh ÑF;x
fíofhka kï follska i|yka lrk ,ofoa wgqjdfõ h' ks..Kyd;s
1' mßluu ksñF; 6' hiñx iufh ÑF;x iumyxis;nnx" ;iñx iufh ÑF;x
2' W..y ksñF; iumyxfi;s
3' máNd. ksñF; fufia ksñ;s ;=fkls' 7' hiñx iufh ÑF;x wcCOqfmCÅ;nnx" ;iñx iufh ÑF;x
mßl¾u Ndjkdjg wruqKq jQ lisK uKav,d§ ksñ;a; mßl¾u wcCOqfmCL;s
ksñ;a; hs' th mqyqKq jQ wjia:djg W.a.y ksñ;a; kduh ,efí' 8' wiudys; mq.., mßjcck;d
tys o ÈhqKq wjia:djg máNd. ksñ;a; hhs lshkq ,efí' fï m%;sNd. 9' iudys; mq.., fijk;d
ksñ;a; uekúka fiajkh lrk fhda.djprhd i;ajeoEreï wimamdh 10';oêuqF;;d hkq hs'34
lreKq j,ska bj;aúh hq;= h' tkï" wimamdh jQ fiakdikh" wimamdh
1' jF:q úiolsßhd kï (- is;a mj;akd ;eka fyhsks isrer o" isrer
f.dÿre ìuh" wimamdh l:dh" wimamdh mqo.,fhdah" wimamdh
ms<n
s | isjr
q e wd§yq o jia;= kï fj;s' tajd hï fia is;g iqj t<jd o"
fndackh" wimamdh iD;=h" wimamdh bßhõ mej;aùuh" hkq hs'
tfia lsÍu úio lrK kï fjhs'
fïjd ms<sn| imamdh foa f;dard f.k m%;sNd. ksñ;af;ys is;
fhdokakd yg w¾mKdj ,efnkafka h' 34' ú' u'
 86
fuys jia;y + q wOHd;au jia;+ h" ndysr jia;+ h lshd fo jeoEreï
fjhs' tys flia" ksh" o;a " lka" keyeh" weÕm; hk fïjd wOHd;au
jia;+ka h' thska flia" ksh" f,dï hk fïjd Èla ù f.dia kï"
weia" lka" keye wdÈfhys frda. we;akï" weÕ fyda vyÈh u,
.kakd ,o kï" tl,e wOHd;au jia;= wúYo fjhs' wmsßisÿ fjhs'
hï lf,l isjqre Èrdhdfuka ls,sá kï" ÿÕo yud kï" fikiqk
fyda li< iys; kï" md;%h jyka iÕ< wd§ WmlrK fyda Èrdf.dia
fkd ilia kï" tl, ndysr jia;= wmsßisÿ jQfha fjhs' fufia
wdOHd;añl jQ o" ndysr jQ o jia;+ka wmsßisÿ l,ays" ksY%hdÈ m%;Hh
jYfhka Wmka Ñ;a; ffp;islhka flfrys Wmokd {dkh mssßisÿ
fkd fõ' fkd msßisÿ myka n÷ka" jeá" f;,a ksid Wmka myka
oe,af,a t<sh fkd msßisÿ jkakdla fuks' fkd msßisÿ {dkfhka
ixialdrhka iïu¾Ykh lrkakyqg ixialdrfhda m%lg fkd
jkakdy' lugykays fhokakyqf.a lugyk o jeãug" ÈhqKqjg"
úmq, njg m;a fkd fõ' wOHd;añl jQ o" ndysr jQ o jia;+ka msßisÿ
l,ays Wmka Ñ;a;-ffp;isl O¾uhka flfrys {dkh o úYo fõ'
msßisÿ myka n÷ka" myka jeá f;,a ksid Wmka myka oe,af,ys t<sh
fuks ' ms ß is ÿ kq j Ks k a ixia l drhka iïu¾Ykh lrka k yq g
ixialdrfhda o m%lg jkakdy' Yu: lugyk o jeãug ÈhqKqjg
úmq, njg m;afjhs'
2' bJøsh iuF; mámdokh kï (- bka ø s h hka iu njg
m;alsÍu h' iu njg m;alr.; hq;= jQ bkaøshfhda" ioaêkaøsh"
úßhskaøsh" i;skaøsh" iudêkaøsh" m[a[skaøsh hhs mfils' bÈka
fhda.djprhd yg ioaêkaøsh n,j;a kï" fiiq bkaøshfhda u| fj;a
kï fufia ioaêkaøsh n,j;a neúka yd fiiq bkaøshhka u| ùfuka
úßhskaøsh f;fï iïm%hqla; O¾uhkg wkqn, §fuka Tijd ;nd
.ekSfï lD;Hh lrkakg fkd fmdfydi;a fõ' i;skaøsh f;fï
wruqKg t<U isgqkd lD;Hh - wruqK fkd yrkd lD;Hh fyda
lrkakg fkd fmdfydi;afõ' iudêkaøsh f;fï iïm%hqla;
87
O¾uhka úisßh fkd§ mj;ajk lD;Hh lrkakg fkd fmdfydi;a
fõ' m[a[skaøsh f;fï rEmdrïuKhla weiska n,kakd fia we;s
mßÈ úIh iajNdjh olakd lD;Hh lrkakg fkd fmdfydi;a fõ'
fufia lD;H jYfhka wkQk wkêl jYfhka iu;ajh ke;s ùfuka
jQ mßydksh j<lajd .ekSug l<ukd m%;l
s ¾u folla olajk ,oafoa h'
thska tlla kï bkaøsh O¾u iajNdjh m%;HfõlaId lsÍu hs'
woeySug iqÿiq jQ nqoaOd§ jia;+ka ms<sn| Wodr;d § .=Kfhys
wêfudalaIh id;sYh je meje;afuka ioaêkaøsh n,j;aù kï ta
jia;+ka ms<sn| m%;Hiuq;amkakd§ úNd.h fjka fjka je f.k
fufkys lsÍu h" fï m%;HdfõlaIdj' fufia O¾u;d kh iajNdjh
iajri jYfhka mß.%yh lrk l,ays —fuh oyuqkaf.a iajNdjh˜
hk m%{d jHdmdrh n,j;a neúka wêfudlaIh me;sÍu iys; úh
fkd fya' OqÍh oyuqka flfrys jkdys hï fia Y%oaOdfjka n,j;a
Ndjfhys m%{djf.a ukaoNdjh fõ o" tiau m%{djf.a n,j;a Ndjfhys
Y%oaOdjf.a ukao Ndjh fõ hhs o; hq;= h'˜
wfkla lreK kï" ;udf.a ioa ê ka ø s h jeã.s f ha hï
wdldrhlska fufkys lsÍfuka kï" ta wdldrfhka fufkys lsÍu
kj;ajd ,Sfuka ta jeã .sh fõ.h wvq jkafka h' tys fh§u wvq l<
hq;= h' fï wvq lrk l%uh o úßhd§ fiiq bkaøh s hka jefvk fia
fufkys lsÍfuka iu ri Ndjhg muqKqjd ,Su hs' fiiq bkaøshhka
flfrysÿ wvqlrk ieá fufia hs' jlal,S ysñhkg ioaêkaøsh
m[a[k s øa h
s blaue f.k meje;afuka wê.ukhg ndOd meñKsfha hs'
bÈka úßhskaøsh n,j;a ù kï" tl,e ikaêkaøsh f;fï
wêfudla I lD;Hh ls Í ug fkd fmdfydi;a fõ' i;s k a ø s h
iudêkaøsh" m[a[skaøshfhda o WmÜGdk lD;Hh" wúlafIam lD;Hh"
o¾Yk lD;Hh wd§ lD;Hhka lsÍug fkd fmdfydi;a fj;s' fuys
jeä ù .sh úßhskaøsh miaioaê" iudê" WfmlaLdjka jefvkfia
ukisldrh meje;aùfuka my; fy<sh hq;= h' fidaK ysñhkg
úßhskaøsh fiiq bkaøshka blauef.k hdfuka wê.ukhg ndOd ù
 88
.sfha h' fiiq bkaøshhka ms<sn|j o wka bkaøshhka blauef.k
jeãhdfuka jk ydksh fuf,iska ue i,ld .; hq;= h'
fï bkaøsh O¾uhka ms<sn| je úfYaI lreKla kï" ioaOd-
m[a[d fofla o" iudê-úßh fofla o iu Ndjh my<lr .ekSug
ukisldr úêh fufyhùu h' kqjfKa l%shdldß;ajh ySk ùfuka
Y%oaOdjf.a ls%shdlß;ajh jeãhdfuka ydks isÿfjhs' thska isÿjkafka
fkdukd ;ek;a meye§u h' ieoeye ySk ù kqjK jeãfuka o
isÿjkafka ydksfhls' ta fol iu ùfuka iqÿiq ;ek meye§u isÿfjhs'
iudêh n,j;a ù ta ;rug ùhH_h wvq ù kï" tnkaoyq fldiÊch
uähs' iudêh fldiÊchg mlaI fyhsks' ùhH_h n,j;a ù iudêh
wvq ù kï tnkaoyq WoOÉph uev,hs' ùhH_h WoaOÉphg mlaIjk
fyhsk's ùhH_h yd tlg iuj fh¥ iudêh fldiÊcfhys jefgkakg
bv fkd ,nhs' iudêh yd tlafldg iuj fhÿkq ùhH_h WoaOÉpfhys
jefgkakg bv fkd ,nhs' ta fol iu l< hq;= h' fol iuùfuka
w¾mKdj fjhs' ;jo" Yu: Ndjkdfjys fhfokakd yg n,j;a
Y%oaOdj m%fhdack iys; fõ' tfia u|la Y%oaOdj n,j;a l,ayS —mGù
mGù˜ hs lS muKska OHdk kï flfia jkafka oe hs fkd i,ld
talka;fhka nqÿka úiska lshk ,o fï úÈh isoaOjkafka u hhs
woyñka " úYa j di flfrñka " w¾mKdjg meñfKhs ' Yu:
fhda.djprhd yg iudê m[a[dfjka OHdk iudêh m%Odk fldg
we;s neúka tal.a.;dj n,j;aùu já hs' tfia tal.a.;dj u|la
n,j;a j mj;akd l,ays fyf;fï w¾mKdjg meñfKhs' úo¾Ykd
fhda.djprhd yg m%{dj n,j;aùu iqÿiqfjhs' tfia we;s l,ays
fyf;fï ,laIK m%;sfõOhg m;afjhs'
hq.koaO Ndjkdfõ § iudê m%{d fol iu je f.k hd hq;= h'
tfia fkd jkúg Yu: fhda.djprhd yg iudêh n,j;a úh hq;= h'
úo¾Ykd fhda.djprhdg m%{dj n,j;a úh hq;= h' fufia ùfuka
id¾:l m%;sM, i,id .; yels fjhs'
89
i;skaøsh jkdys ,Sk mlaIfhys isáhd jQ o" WoaOÉp mlaIfhys
isáhd jQ o bkaøshhka úIfhys n,j;a ùu iqÿiq fjhs' ta tfia uehs
(- ioaOd" úßh" m[a[d hk fï ;=kf a okd WoOÉphg - isf;a úisÍug
mlaIh' iudêh fldiÊchg mlaIh' i;sh fï fldgiska ue
/l.ekSfï msysá Yla;sfhlska hqla; fjhs' WoaOÉpfhys jefgkakg
fkd fohs' fldiÊcfhys jefgkakg o fkd fohs'
tfyhska jod<y (-
—i;s mk innFÓld jqF;d N.j;d" lsxldrKd úF;x ys i;s
máirKx' wdrCLdmppqmgGdkd p i;s' k úkd i;shd ÑF;ii
m..y ks..fyd fyd;s˜hs'35
3' ksñ;a; fldi,a,h kï (- ksñ;a; ms<sn| olaI Ndjh hs'
ksñ;a; hkafkka mßl¾u ksñ;a;" W.a.y ksñ;a;" máNd. ksñ;a;
lshd ksñ;s ;=kla i|yka fjhs' ta ms<sn| olaI Ndjh hs' fuys" ,o
ksñ;a; /l .ekSuhs lS fyhska m%;sNd. ksñ;a; yd Yu: ksñ;a;
o /l .ekSfuys oCINdjh woyia lrk ,o nj ie,elsh hq;= h'
4-7 Ndjkdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhdf.a Ñ;a;djia:d i;rla
,efnk nj ie,lsh hq;=h'
i. m..fy;nn ^Woõ Èh hq;=& Ñ;a;djia:dj
ii. ks..fy;nn ^ks.eksh hq;=& Ñ;a;djia:dj
iii. iumyxis;nn ^i;=gq l< hq;=& Ñ;a;djia:dj
iv. WfmCÅ;nn ^WfmlaId l<hq;=& Ñ;a;djia:dj hkq fjks'
fhda.djprhd fï Ñ;a;djia:d i;r;a" ta wjia:djka ms<n
s | fya;k
= a
uekúka l,a we;sj u f;areï lrf.k tys fhÈh hq;= h'
i. tys m..fy;nn Ñ;a;djia:dj kï isf;a ,Skdjia:dj hs' ,Skùug
fya;= jYfhka olajk ,oafoa" —w;sisÓ, úßhd§ys˜ hkqfjks' b;d
isÓ, ^,sys,a& ùhH_h we;s nj wd§ka hkq tys w¾:h hs' ùhH_h b;d
35' ú' u' 96 msg
 90
,sys,aùu kï iEfyk ;rï ùhH_h fkd fhdod ,Su hs' tkï
fldiÊchg jegqKq ÿn,lu hs' mfudok" ixfõok" úmß;Ndjhka
o is; ,Skùug fya;=jk ieá àldldr ysñfhda ols;s' úßh wvqlñka
jegqKq is; Tijd ,Sug ta wjia:dj f;areka f.k" miioê
ifundcCOX.h" iudê ifundcCOX.h" WfmCLd ifundcCOX.h"
hk ;=k ta wjia:dfõ fkd jeäh hq;= h' ta wjia:dfõ jeäh
hq;af;a" Ouuúph" úßh" mS;s" hk ifundcCOX." ;=k h' fuh
Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia úiska jodrK ,o ue hs' —uyfKks" mqreI
f;fï hï fia u| jQ .skak o,ajkq leue;s fõ o" fyf;u ta u|
.skafkys w¿;a ;K nyd,kafka o" w¨;a f.du nyd,kafka o"
w¨;a or nyd,kafka o" Èh uqiq jd;hka fokafka o mia ´fka o"
uyfKks" ta mqreI f;u ta u| .skak o,ajkakg fmdfydi;a oe˜ hs
mq¿jq;ayq' —jykai" fkd fmdfydi;e˜ hs m%;sjpk ÿkay'
uyfKks" tmßoafoka u hï iufhle is; yel=¿fka fõ o"
tiufhys miioê ifundcCOX.hdf.a jeãug fkd l<" iudê
ifundcCOX.hdf.a jeãug fkd l<" WfmCLd ifundcCOX.hdf.aa
jeãug fkd l<" thg ldrKd lsu@ uyfKks" is; yel=¿fKa h' fya
miioê-iudê-WfmCLd hk O¾uhka kÕkakg fkd ms<j s ka fjhs'
uyfKks" hï iufhle is; ,Sk fõ o" t iufhys Ouuúph
ifundcCOX.hdf.a jeãug l," úßh ifundcCOX.hdf.aa jeãug
l," mS;s ifundcCOX.hdf.a jeãug l," thg fya;= lsu@ uyfKks"
is; ,Sk h' fya Ouuúph-úßh-ms;s hk fndaOHÙ. O¾ufhka iqjfia
ke.sh yels fjhs' —uyfKks" mqreI f;fï hïfia u| .skak o,ajkq
leue;s fõ o" fyf;u ta u| .skafkys úh,s ;K nyd,kafka o"
úh,s f.du;a nyd,kafka o" úh,s or;a nyd,kafka o" uqfjka iq,x
´fka o" fkdo mia ´fka o" uyfKks" ta mqreI f;fï ta u| .skak
o,ajkakg fmdfydi;a fõ oe˜ hs mq¿jq;y
a 'q —jykai tfiah hs˜ ms<j
s oka
36
ÿkay'
36' ix' ks' fndcCOX.
91
fuys Ouuúph ifundcCOX. wd§kaf.a bmoùu;a jeãu;a
i|yd ta O¾uhka my< lrkakd jQ fya;+ka flfrys ukisldrh
meje;aúh hq;= nj ie,lsh hq;= h' jodf<a uehs - —wFÓ NsCLfj
l=i,dl=i,d Ouud" idjccdkjcc Ouud" ySkmmKS;d Ouud" lKyd
iqCl immáNd.dOuud" ;F: fhdksfidukisldr nyq,Sldfrd
whudydfrd wkqmmJkii jd Ouuúph ifundcCOX.ii Wmmdodh"
WmmJii jd Ouuúph ifundcCOX.ii ysfhHdNdjdh fjmq,,dh
Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd ixjF;;s˜ hs'
uyfKks" l=Y,dl=Y, O¾ufhd" idjdoHd wkjoH O¾ufhda"
ySk m%KS; O¾ufhda" lDIaK Y=la, im%;sNd. O¾ufhda we;a;dy' tys
^ta O¾uhka flfrys& fhdaksfida ukisldrfha hï fndfyda lsÍfula
weoa o " fï m% ; Hh f;fï fkd Wmka fyda Ouuúph
ifundcCOX.hdf.a W;amdoh msKsi o" Wmka fyda Ouuúph
ifundcCOX.hdf.a kej; keje; jeãu msKsi o" úmq, nj msKsi
o" jDoaêh msKsi o iïmQ¾Kjk msKsi o" mj;shs hkq tys woyi hs'
fuhska Ouuúph ifundcCOX.h jeãug l< hq;af;a yuqjk ;dla
O¾uhka tlla fkd yer ukisldrh meje;aùug nj m%lg fjhs'
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ § fuh uekúka m%lg fjhs' tys § is; ,Sk jk
úg kslï n,d fkd isg fufkys lsÍu jeä jeäfhka l< hq;=h hs"
Wmfoia fok ,oafoa h' úo¾Ykd Wmfoila fkd jk fuys § l<
hq;af;a o O¾u iïu¾Ykh ue hs'
—wFÓ NsCLfj" wdruNOd;= ksCLuOd;= mrCluOd;= ;F:
fhdksfid ukisldr nyq,l S dfrd" whudydfrd wkqmmJkii jd úßh
ifundcCOX.ii Wmmdodh WmmJkii jd úßh ifundcCOX.ii
ysfhHdNdjdh fjmq,,dh Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd ixjF;;s˜ hkq úßh
iïfndÊCOÙ.iaifha m%;H oelaùu hs'
tys woyia fufia hs(
—uyfKks" wdoHdrïNfhys meje;s ùhH_h we;' fl!iSoHfhka
kslauqKq n,j;a ùhH_h we;' u;a;g hg b;d n,j;a ùhH_h we;'
ta wdoHdrïNfhys meje;s ùhH_dÈfhys fhdaksfid ukisldrhdf.a
 92
hï fndfyda lsÍfula weoao" fï wdydrh f;fï fkd Wmka fyda
úßh ifundcCOX.hd f.a bme§u msKsi o" Wmka úßh úßh
ifundcCOX.hd f.a kej; kej; jeãu msKsi o" úmq, nj msKsi
o" jDoaêh msKsi o" iïmQ¾K jk msKsi o mj;shs'
úßh ifundcCOX.hg fya;= olajk fï mdGfhys úßh ms<sn|
wjia:d ;=kla oelajQ y' —wdruNOd;=" ksCluOd;=" mrCluOd;=˜
hkqfjks' fï ùhH_ ;=k l%ufhka n,j;a nj ie,lsh hq;= h' fï
ùhH_ ;=k is;a ;=< my< jk whqßka fufkys lsÍu meje;aùu fuys
m%;Hh jYfhka o; hq;=˜h'
—wFÓ NslLfj" mS;s ifundcCOX.gGdkshd Ouu ;F: fhdksfid
ukis l dr nyq , S l dfrd whudydfrd wkq mmkkii jd mS ; s
ifuLdcCOX.ii WmmdohWmmkkiij mS;s ifuLdcCOX.ii
ysfhHdNdjdh fjmq,,dh Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd ixj;;;s'˜
—uyfKks" mS;s ifundcCOX.h Wmojd ,Sug lreKq jQ
O¾ufhda we;a;dy' tys fhdaksfid ukisldrhdf.a hï nyq, lsÍfula
fjhs o" kQmka mS;s ifundcCOX.hdf.a bm§u msKsi o" Wmka mS;s
ifundcCOX.hdf.a kej; kej; jeãu msKi s o" úmq, Ndjh msKi
s úiska wjfndaO lghq;= jQ ialkaO Od;= wdh;k m%;S;H iuq;amdodÈh
o" jDoaêh msKi
s o" iïmQ¾Kjk msKi s o" fï wdydrh f;fï mj;s˜ hs'
mS%;sh Wmojk ukisldrh ue mS;s ifundcCOX.gGdkshd O¾u
jk fyhs k a hï fia fufkys lrka k d yg fkd Wmka mS ; s
ifundcCOX.h Wm§ kï" Wmka mS;s ifundcCOX.h kej; kej;
jefâ kï" Ndjkdfhka iïmQ¾K fõ kï" ta fhdaksfid ukisldrh
ue fuys woyia l< nj ie,lsh hq;= h'
Ouuúph ifundcCOX.h kï úo¾Ykd ukisldrh ue jk
fyhska —;F: iNdjidu[[ ,CLKmáfjOjfik mjF;ukisldfrd
l=i,d§iq fhdksfid ukisldfrd kdu˜ 37 hkqfjka olajk ,§' ;jo
Ouuúph ifundcCOX.hdf.a W;amdoh msKi s O¾ufhda i;a fofkla
Wmldr flfr;s' Tjqyq kï"
37' úu'
93
1' mßmqpPl;d (- yd;amiska nei úpdrk nj" miauy iÕsh
bf.k o wdpdhH_hka fiajh fldg ta ta mohdf.a w¾: úpdrkakyqg
o wgqjd iys; m[ap ksldh fyda bf.k hï .%kaÓ ia:dk we;akï
ta ta ia:dk —jykai" fï moh flfia o@ fï mohdf.a w¾: ljf¾ o@˜
hs úpdrkakyqg o Ouuúph ifundcCOX.h WmÈhs hk w¾: hs'
2' jF:q úio lsßh;d (- wdOHd;añl ndysr jia;+kaf.a ks¾u,
nj lsÍu h'
3' bJøsh iuF; mámdok;d (- b÷rkaf.a iu nj ms<f
s h, lsÍu h'
4' ÿmm[[ mq.., mßjcck;d (- n;a f.dvlg jeÿKq ljqvka"
uia f.dvlg jeÿKq iqkLhka fuka fudayfhka uq<d jQ i;a;ajhka
ÿßka ÿrelsÍu —ÿIam%d{hka ÿre lsÍu˜ kï fõ'
5' m[[djJ; mq.., fijk;d (- meKj;a mqÕ=,ka fiùu h'
m%{dj msKsi lD;dêldr we;s i;H" m%;S;H iuq;amdodÈfhys olaI
wdpdhH_hka fyda úoiqka Ndjkd lrkakd jQ uyd m%d{hka l,ska
l, fiajh lsÍu h'
6' .uNSr[dKpßhd mppfjCLk;d (- .eUqre keKe;a;ka
m%ldY jkakd jQ fyda Y=kH;d m%;sixhqla; jQ fyda iQ;%dka;hka
miaúlSu h'
7' ;oêuqF;;d (- ta m%{dfhys ksïk m%jK nj hs" hkq h'
úßh ifundcCOX.hdf.a Wmoùug tfldf<dia O¾u flfkla
lreKq fj;s'
1' wmdhNhdÈ mppfjCLK;d (- wmdhdÈ Nh miaúlk nj h"
wd§ Yíofhka cd;Hd § ÿla .kq ,efí'
2' úßhdhF; f,dlsl - f,dl=F;r úfiidê.udksixi oiis;d(-
ùhH_hg wh;a jQ f,!lsl f,daflda;;
a r .=K úfYaIdê.uhkaf.a
wkqiia olakd iq¨ nj h'
3' .uk ùÓ mppfpCLK;d (- nqÿ mfia nqÿ uyiõ W;=uka
úiska wê.; jQ ud¾.h ud úiska hd hq;= h' fyao l=iS;
 94
jQjyq úiska hd fkd yelsh hs fufia .uka ud¾.h miaúlk
nj h'
4' odhldkx uymM,lrfKk msKvmd;dmpdhk;d (- m%;Hh
odhlhkaf.a i;aldrh o" ;udf.a ukd m%;m
s ;a;h
s o" uy;aM,
nj lsÍfuka msKavmd;hg m%;smQcd lrk nj h'
5' iF:q uyF; mppfpCLK;d (- uf.a Yia;DDkajykafia
úßhdrïNfhys .=K lshk iq¿ y" Wkajykafia o fkd blañh
yels wkqYdikd we;s fial' wmg fnfyda Wmldr we;af;daj"
m%;sm;a;s mQcdfjka mqokq ,nkakdyq mqokq ,oaodyq fj;s' wka
mßoafolska fkd fj;s hs" fufia Ydia;DDyqf.a uy;a nj
miaúlSu h'
6' odhcc uyJ; mppfpCLK;d (- ud úiska ioaO¾uh hs lshk
,o uyd odhdoh .;ukd h' th o l=iS; j .; fkd yelsh
hs" fufia odhdoh ms<sn| uy;a nj miaúlk nj h'
7' Ók ñoO úfkdok;d (- Òk ñoaO kSjrKhka ÿre lsÍu¦
fufia ÿre lsÍug wdf,dal ix{d ukisldrh tla Wmdhfhls'
t<suyka fmfoilg ù" tys § ,efnk wdf,dalhg fowei
fhduq lrñka fowei jeiQ úg;a wdf,dalj;a je jegySu fjhs
tkï th wdf,dal ix{dj mqreÿ lsÍu h' bßhõ fmr<Su
fojk Wmdh hs' Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfokakd Ók
ñoaOhla ;udf.a is; uevf.k Wmodk nj oek.;a ú.i
l,n, fkd úh hq;= h' ;ud mqreÿ lrf.k we;s wdf,dal
ix{dj bÈßm;a lr,Sug mqreÿ úh hq;= h' thg is; fhdod
uo fõ,djla f.jk úg Ók ñoaOh ke;s ù" ksÈu; o
ke;s ù hhs' fuh iu: Ndjkdfõ fhfokakd úiska l<
hq;= m%:u ldhH_fhls' úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ukisldrfha
fhfokakd úiska l< hq;= m%:u ldhH_h kï Ók ñoaOh
f;areï f.k th uekúka fufkys lsÍu hs' Yu: Ndjkdfõ
fhfokakd m<uq fldg lreK f;areï f.k" ;ud mqreÿ
95
l< wdf,dal ix{djla bÈßm;a fldgf.k ál fõ,djla
l,a f.úh hq;= h' thska Ók ñoaOh f.ù hkakg bv ;sfí'
hïlsis úÈhlska iïmQ¾Kfhka f.ù fkd .sfha kï"
B<Õg l< hq;= jkafka bßhõ fm/<Su hs' úo¾Ykdfõ
fhfokakd úiska th l< hq;af;a fufkys lrñks' Yu:
fhda.djprhd úiska o th uekúka f;areï f.k lsÍu u h
iqÿiq jkqfha' ;=kajeks Wmdh kï" t<suyka fmfofilg ù
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fh§u hs' fuhg u Wmdh jYfhka
isys,a Èfhka fowei fia§u" weia .=<s lrleùu" folka
msßue§u" Nh fyda m%;
S h
s is;a ;=< my< lr .ekSu wd§ lreKq
i|yka l< yels h'
8' l=iS; mq.., mßjcck;d (- w,i jQ" Ndjkdfjys hï
muKl= ÿ fkd okakd" ldhovÐ nyq, jQ" fihH iLdÈfhys
fhfok" ;S¾hla l:dfjys fhfok mqÕ,
= ka ÿre lrk nj h'
9' wdroOúßh mq.., fijk;d (- msKv a md; lD;Hd È wdjYHl
l¾;jH fõ,djka yer b;sß oj,a ld,h o" rd;%f
s hys fmrhu
miqhu hk wjia:d fol o" m¾hxl Ndjkdj yd ilauk
Ndjkdj o hk Ndjkd folska ÈhqKq l< Ndjkd ukisldr
lD;H we;s oDVùhH_ we;s mqoa.,hka l,ska l, fiajkh
lsÍug ,eîu'
10'iuummOdk mppfjCLK;d (- i;r jeoEreï iuHla m%Odkfha
wdkqNdj miaúlSu'
11' ;oêuqF;;d (- ta úßh ifundcCOX.fhys ish¨ bßhõ
fjys § ue b;d jeäfhka is;a i;ka keó mj;akd nj hkq hs'
mS;s ifundcCOX.fha Wmoùu msKsi tfldf<dia O¾u
flfkla lreKq fj;s' Tjqyq kï ( 1-7 nqoaOdkqii;s"
Ouudkqii;s" ix>dkqii;s" iS,dkqii;s" pd.dkqii;s"
foj;dkqii;s" Wmiudkqii;s hk fï wkqii;s Ndjkdjka
mqreÿ lsÍu'
 96
8' ÆL mq.., mßjcck;d (- nqÿrejka wdÈfhys m%ido iafkay
ke;s neúka úh,s .sh wdihe;s mqoa.,hka ÿrelrk nj h'
9' iskos O mq.., fijk;d (- nqÿrejka wdÈfhys m%ido iafkayfhka
isks÷ <he;s mqÕ=,ka fiajkh lsÍu h'
10'mdidokSh iqF;J; mppfpCLK;d (- nqÿrejka wd§ka f.a
.=K yÕjk iïmidokShd § iQ;%dka;hka mia úlknj hs'
11' ;oêuqF;;d (- ta m%S;s ifundcCOX.h bmoùfuys w;sYhska
keó .sh is;a i;ka we;s nj h hk fudyq h'
fufia fï wdldrfhka l=i,d § úIhfhys fhdakf
s ida ukisldrd§ka
o" O¾u oekau h" w¾: oekau h hkd§ O¾uhka o Wmojkakd
Ouuúph ifundcCOX.dÈh jvkakd kï fjhs'
Ñ;a;hdf.a m.a.fy;ín wjia:dfjys is; m.a.yh lrkafka
fufia hs'
iii. Ñ;a;h ms<n
s | ks.eksh hq;= wjia:dfõ Ñ;a;h ks.kafka flfia o@
hï lf,l fudyqf.a is; ùhH_h b;d jeäùï wdÈh fya;=fldg
f.k WoaO; ^fkdikaiqka& fõ o" tl,e Oïuúph" úßh" mS;s hk
iïfndÊCOx.hka jeãu iqÿiq ke;' tl, jeäh hq;af;a miaioaê
iudê WfmlaLd hk iïfndÊCOx. ;=kh' fuh Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia
úiska jodrk ,o ue hs'
—uyfKks" mqreI f;fï hï fia uy .sks /ila ksjkq leue;s
fõ o" fyf;u tys úh,s ;K nyd,kafka o" úh,s f.du nyd,kafka
o" úh,s or nyd,kafka o" uqfjka iq<x ´fka o" fkdo mia ´fka o"
uyfKks" ta mqreI f;fï ta uy;a .sks /i ksjd,kakg fmfydi;a o@˜
—jykai" fkd fmdfydi;e˜ hs ms<js oka ÿkay' —uyfKks" t mßÈoafoka
ue hï iufhle is; WoaO; o ^fkdikaiqka o& tl,e Oïuúph
iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug fkd l,e" ùßh iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug
fkd l,e" mS;s iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug fkd l,e" ta ljr fyhska o@
uyfKks" is; WoaO;h' th fï Oïuúph" mS;s" úßh iïfndÊCOx.
O¾ufhka ixis÷jkakg fkd ms<sjka fõ'
97
—uyfKks hï" iufhl is; WoaO; fõ o" t iufhys miaioaê
iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug ld,h fjhs' iudê iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug
ld,h fjhs' WfmlaLd iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug ld,h fjhs' ta
ljr fyhska o@ uyfKks" is; WoaO;h' th ta O¾ufhka ixis÷ùug
ms<sjka fjhs' uyfKks" mqreI f;fï hï fia uy;a jQ .sksl|la
ksjkq leue;s fõ o" fyf;fï tys wuq ;K nyd,kafka o" wuq
f.du nyd,kafka o" wuq or nyd,kafka o" Èhuqiq jd;hka fokafka
o" mia ´fka o" uyfKks" ta mqreI f;fï ta .sks l| ksjd,kakg
fmdfydi;a oe˜hs mq¿jQ;ayq' —jykai" tfiah hs˜ ms<sjoka ÿkayq'
—uyfKks" tmßoafoka hï iufhle is; WoaO; fõ o" t iufhys
miaioaê iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug l, fõ' iudê iïfndÊCOx.h
jeãug l, fõ' WfmlaLd iïfndÊCOx.h jeãug l, fõ'˜
fuysÿ ;u ;ukaf.a m%;H jYfhka miaioaê" iudê" WfmlaLd
iïfndÊCOx.hkaf.a jeãu o; hq;= h' fuh Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia
úiska jodrk ,o ue hs'
—wFÓ NsCLfj ldh miioê ÑF; miioê ;F: fhdksfid ukisldr
nyq,l
S dfrd whudydfrd wkqmmJkii jd miioê ifundcCOX.ii
Wmmdodh WmmJkii jd miioê ifundcCOX.ii ysfhHdNdjdh"
fjmq,,dh Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd ixjF;;s˜ hs'
—uyfKks" ldh miaioaê" Ñ;a; miaioaê ^lshd& folla we;'
tys fhdaksfida ukisldrh yd nyq, jYfhka fh§u h hk fuh
kQmkakd jQ miaioaê iïfndÊCOx.hdf.a W;amdoh msKsi o" Wmkakd
jQ miaioaê iïfndÊCOx.hdf.a fndfyda nj msKi
s o" úmq, nj msKi
s
o" Ndjkdfõ msÍu msKsi o m%;Hh fõ˜" hkqfjks'
tfiau¦ —wFÓ NsCLfj iu: ksuF;x wjH.. ksñF;x'
;F: fhdksfid ukisldr nyq,l
S dfrd" wdhudydfrd wkqmmJkii
jd iudê ifundcCOX.ii Wmmdodh WmmJkii jd iudê
ifundcCOX.ii ysfhHdNdjh fjmq,,dh Ndjkdh mdßmQßhd
ixjF;;s˜ hs'
 98
—uyfKks" iu: ksñ;a; jQ tald,ïnk ksñ;af;la we;' tys
fhdksfid ukisldr h o tys nyq, jYfhka lsÍu o hk fuh
kQmka iudê iïfndÊCOx.h bm§ug;a" Wmka iudê iïfndÊCOx.h
jeãug;a" Ndjkdfõ msÍug;a m%;H fõ˜ hs o"
tfiau; —wFÓ NsCLfj WfmCLd ifundcCOX.gGdkshd
Ouu" ;F: fhdksfid ukisldr nyq,Sldfrd" whudydfrd
wkqmmJkii jd WfmCL ifundcCOX.ii Wmmdodh" WmmJkii
jd WfmCLd ifundcCOX.ii ySfhHdNdjdh fjmq,,dh Ndjkdh
mdßmQßhd ixF;;s˜ hs'38
—uyfKks" WfmlaLd iïfndÊCOx.hg ys; jQ O¾ufhda
we;a;dy' tys fhdaksfida ukisldrh o tys nyq, jYfhka lsÍu o
hk fuh -fm- Ndjdkdfõ msÍug o m%;H fõ˜ hkq hs' fuys i|yka
iudê ksñ;a; kï iudêh ue hs' th u;=fhys iudêhg ldrKdjk
neúks' wjH.. ksñF; hkq o iudêh ue hs' wúfCIamhg ldrKd
jk fyhsks'
fuys ldh miaioaê Ñ;a; miaioaê fol o" WmflaLdj o" fufkys
lrk wdldrh kï fhda.djprhd ;=< m<uq ta .=K Wmka yeá yd
ÈhqKq jQ yeá o" tl ,e meje;s isf;a ;;= o uekúka i,ld n,d ta
ikais÷kq wdldrh o" WfmalaIdldrh o" iudys;dldrh o i,ld tajd
h<s;a ;ud ;=< my< lr .ekau fuys ta O¾u ms<sn| fhdaksfida
ukisldrh nj o; hq;= h'
miioê ifundcCOX.hdf.a W;amdohg lreKq 7 ls'
1' mKS; fNdck fijk;d - m%KS; fndcqka fijqkd nj h'
2' W;= iqL fijk;d - iem iD;= fijqkd nj h'
3' bßhdm: iqL fijk;d - iqj bßhõ fijqkd nj h'
4' ucCOF; mfhd.;d - iu jQ ldh jdla uk# m%fhda. we;s nj h'
38' ix' ks' uydj.. msg144 nq' c'
99
5' idroO mq.., mßjcck;d - fla,aY mßody we;s fkd ikaiqka
mqÕ=,ka ÿre lrk nj h'
6' miioO ldh mq.., fijk;d - flf,ia mßody ke;s neúka
ixiqkaldh we;s mqÕ=,ka fijqkd nj h'
7' ;oêuqF;;d - miaioaê iïfndÊCOx.fhys ksïk m%jK nj h
hkqhs'
iudê ifundcCOX.h Wmoùug lreKq 11 ls'
1' jF:q úio;d - wOHd;añl ndyH jia;+kaf.a úio nj"
2' ksñF; l=i,;d - mGú lisKd§ Ñ;af;al.a.;d ksñ;af;ys
olaI;dj'
3' bJøsh iuF; mámdoJ;d - b÷rkaf.a iu nj lsÍu h'
4' iufh ÑF;ii ks..Kyk;d - iqÿiq iufhys is;a ks.kakd
nj h'
5' iufh ÑF;ii m..Kyk;d - iqÿiq iufhys is;a yqjk nj h'
6' ksriidoii ÑF;ii ioOd ixfj.jfik iumyxik;d - Ndjkd
wdiajd o rys; is;ayqf.a Y%oaOd jYfhka ixfõ. jYfhka ixfõ.
mQ¾j jQ m%idfoda;amdokfhka is;a i;=gq lsÍu h'
7' iuud ml;F;ii wcCOqfmCLK;d - ,Sk WoaOÉp folska f;dr je
meje;afuka iu jQ o" iu: ùÓhg ms<m s e§fuka úfYaI ;;a;j
a hlg
m;aùfuka o iu je" iqúfYaI je" meje;Sfuka ukdfldg ue meje;s
Ndjkd is; m.a.y-ks.. a y- iïmyxikfhys jHdmdrhla ke;sj
WfmalaId lrk nj h'
8' wiudys; mq.., mßjcck;d - úlaIsma; yDoh we;s mqÕ=,ka ÿre
lrk nj h'
9' iudys; mq.., fijk;d - iudê is;e;s mqÕ=,ka fiajkh lrk
nj h'
10'COdk úfudCL mppfjCLK;d (- m%:ud§ OHdkhka o" m%;smCI
O¾uhka flfrka ukdfldg ue my jQ neúka úfudalaI kï jQ
 100
;=ka OHdkhka o" —fufia jeäh hq;= h" fufia iujeoao hq;= h'˜
hkd§ka ksr;=re kqjKska i,lk nj h'
11' ;oêuqF;;d (- iudê iïfndÊCOx.fhys w;sYhska keó meje;s
is;a we;s nj h" hkq hs'
WfmlLd ifundcCOX.h Wmoùug lreKq 05 ls'
1' iF;ucCOF;d (- ms%h i;a;ajhka flrys ÿ ueoy;a nj h'
2' ixLdr ucCOF;d (- pCIqrdÈfhys ¥ md isjqre wdÈfhys ÿ ueoy;a
nj h'
3' iF; ixLdr fl,dhk mq.., mßjcck;d (- i;a;aj ixialdrhka
flfrys uu;ajh ^lEor& lrk mqÕ=,ka ÿre lrk nj h'
4' iF; ixLdr ucCOF; mq.., fijk;d (- i;a;aj ixialdrhka
flfrys ueoy;a je mj;akd mqÕ=,ka fiajkh lrk nj h'
5' ;oêuqF;;d (- ta WfmaCId iïfndÊCOx.fhys ksïk m%jK nj h"
hkq h'
fufia fï wdldrfhka ^ldh Ñ;a;hkf.a miaioaOdldr
ie,lSï wdldrfhka o imamdhldr fiùï wd§ wdldrfhka o& fï
miaioaê wd§ O¾uhka Wmojkakd miaioaê iïfndÊCOx.dÈh jvkakd
kï fjhs' ks.eksh hq;= Ñ;a;djia:dj i,ld ta is; ks.kakd yeá
fufia hs'
iii. is; iïmyxikh l< hq;= wjia:d i,ld iïmyxikh
lrkafka flfia o@
hï lf,l fï fhda.djprhdf.a is; wruqKg fkd neiSfuka
lugyka wruqKg we;=¿ fkd ùfuka msg mkskd iajNdjhg m;afjhs
o" tfia jkafka lreKq folla fya;= fldg f.k nj f;areï .;
hq;= h' tkï lugyk yd fhÈh hq;= kqjK wvqùu ksid lugyk
ksriajdo ùu tla lrefKls' wfkl kï tald.%;dj ke;s je
WmiuiqLh ke;sùfuka lugyk ksrdiajdo ùu h' fï isÿùï fol
ue Ndjkd ukisldrh w;ska b;d by<g .sh fhda.djprhdg;a isÿùug
101
bv ;sfí' tl,e l< hq;fa ;a is; ixfõ.hg m;a lsÍu hs' ta i|yd
ixfõ. jia;= wg fj; is; ;Èka fhdod tajd i,ld f.k hd hq;= hs'
ixfõ. jia;= wg i,lk ieá fufia hs'
1' cd;s ÿl ìysiK
q q h" f>dar h" lgql h" i;a;j
a hl= meñfKk ish¨
ÿla fï cd;s ÿl uq,a lrf.k meñfKkafka h' fuh" fï ìysiK q q
lgql" f>dar ÿl ud ;ju;a blau isáfha ke;' fldhs fõ,djl
fuhska ug hg ù bula fldkla ke;s" ysi Tijd,kakg fkd yels
uyÿla f.dvlg hgfõ oe hs is;d .; fkd yels h' wfyda æ fï ÿlska
fmf<kakg" hg lr.kakg" u;af;ka ud úiska thska ksoyia ùug
W;aidy .; hq;= h' mudjqjfyd;a ug miq;efjkakg" w~kakg" w~
w~d ksrhd§ wkka; ÿla /ilg wiqùug" tajd ú¢kakg isÿ fõ' Bg
l,ska uu W;aidy .ksñ' yeu ÿlla ue ú| ordf.k Ndjkdfõ
fhfoñ'
2' Wm;la ,oaoyqg ta tlal ue uqyqKq fokakg jk ìysiqKq ÿl kï
crd ÿl h' fï ÿl cd;s ÿlg;a jvd oreKq h' mSvdlr h' ;udf.a
woyia ßisfia l%shdfõ fhdojkakg neß wjia:dfõ my<jkafka
n,j;a bÉPd ú>d; ÿflls' fï mSvdj kshufhka mSvdlrk nj
oefkkafka ;udf.a w;a md wd§ wjhjhka is;k yeáhg j,x.=
fkd jk wjia:dfõ § h'
;udf.a hhs lshd isáhd jQ kEoE ys;j;=ka yg fuka u ;udg;a
tmd jQ fï Ôú;h Èúf.jd crd rl=ish úiska Tn fldhs fudfyd;l
fyda hg lr .kq ,nk nj Tn úiska oeka u i,ld ne,sh hq;= h'
Tn crd rl=ishf.ka ksoyia ù ke;' hg lr .;a úg Tng we;s
ish¨ ymkalula ue kj;ajkakg isÿjk nj i,ld" .;g jer
;sfnk fï fudfydf;a ksIaM, is;=ú,sj,ska ueã l,afkdhjd ta
yeu ÿflka ñ§ug Wmdh jQ Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfokak'
3' Wm;;a crd rl=ish;a iu. w;aje,a ne|f.k mekk.sk
ìysiqkq oreKq ÿflls" jHdê ÿl' fï ìysiqKq jHdê ÿflka fï
;dla uu ksoyia fkd jQfhñ' fï jHdê i;=rd úiska hglr .;a úg
 102
uu uf.a we;s Yla;sfhka msßyS wka; ÿn,fhla jkafkñ' we;eï
úg È.yßkakg mq¿jka w;a md" fid,jkakg mq¿jka YÍr wjhj"
l%shd lrùug neßjk ;rug jHdê i;=rd ud fm<kjd we;' tn÷
wjia:djl uu cd;s ÿlg;a crd ÿlg;a jeäh nrm;, ÿfllska
fmf<ñ' fuh meñfKkag m<uq uu W;aidy .ksñ' uu Wkkaÿfjka
Ndjkdfõ fhfoñ'
4' Wmam;a;s ÿfla m%Odk m,s.ekSu urK ÿl fkd fõ o@
Ôú;fha § Èú mj;ajk iufha .kakd yeu m%hdYfhl ue wjidkh
fï urKfhka isÿfjkjd fkd fõ o@ uq¨ Ôú;fha § u tl;= l<
yeufohla u wysñ ù" ta ish,a, w;yer hd hq;= wjia:djla
meñfKkjd fkd fõ o@ ta fï urK wjia:dj fkd fõ o@ f,dl= l=vd"
n,j;a ÿn," .=Kj;a ks¾.=K uq¿ f,daljdiS yeu i;a;ajhl= u
fkd yer hg lrf.k hkakd jQ fï urK iajNdjfhka uu ;ju;a
ks o yia fkd jQ f hñ' hïls i s wjia : djl § ta urK keu;s
u;a;yia;shd ud hgm;a lrf.k hkafka h' thg ud iQodkï úh
hq;= h' ta wjia:dj meñKSug l,ska ud W;aidy .; hq;= h' Ndjkdjg
Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h'
5' flf,ia nrg hg ù iir ießirk i;a;j a j¾.hd yg
ñksia f,da" foõ f,da" nU f,da" N+ókays Wm; fkdj jeämqr whs;hs
wguy krlfhys Wm; h' Tiqm;a ksrdj, Wm; h' ;sßika fhdakj s ,
Wm; h' flf,ia nßka Tn hgù isà kï' ta Tn wguy krlfha
Wm;ska ysñjk mia wdldr jo nkaOkj,ska ksoyia kE fkd fõ o@
fm%;
a wdmdhsl lgql ÿlaj,ska ksoyia kE fkd fõ o@ fï i;r
wmdfhys ìysik q q lgql ÿla /iska ksoyila i,id .; yels W;=ï
tlu wjia:dj wo Tn ,nd.;af;ys h' ta wo ,ndf.k we;s laIK
iïm;a;sfhka kshu m%fhdackh .ekSug yels wjia:djg uqyK q §
bkakd Tn thska m%fhdackhla i,id .ekSug mud fkd ù" Wkkaÿ
jkak' Wkkaÿ jkak'
6' flf,iqkaf.ka mSvd ,n ,nd flf,iqka /ialrñka fï
iir .uka lrk Tn ta flf,iqka úiska lï iajrEmfhka ,ndÿka
103
fld;rï ÿla /ila úkaod o@ fï id §¾> ixidrfhys Tn fkd
úkao ÿlla kE fkdfõ o@ wguy krlj, bmo" wiqr ksldhj,
bmso" fï ñksia f,dj u bmso fudk ;rï ÿla /ila úkaod o@
Tn t¿jl= ù" f.dkl= ù l=l=<l= ù" wkqkaf.ka fn,s lemqï
lE ld,fhda fldmuK o lshd nqÿ uqfjlska mjd mjid wjika l<
fkdfyk fia È. h' fï iir ÿl fufia ksid fï ÿflka ksoyia
ùug Tn úiska l< hq;fa ;a fkd mudj Ndjkdfõ fh§u fkd fõ o@
tfyhska oeka fï ,o fudfydf;ka m%fhdackhla" kshu m%fhdackhla
.ekSug Wkkaÿjkak" Wkkaÿjkak'
7' ksr;=rej mSvd lrk" ÿla fok" flf,ia nrg hg ù jik
;=re ksoyila fkd ,efnk ìysiqkq ÿflls" iir uyd ÿl' hï
;rï ÿla /ila fjf;d;a ta ish,a, ú|Sug ysñjkakd kï fï
flf,ia nßka nr jQ mqoa.,hd h' tfyhska u;a;g ú¢kakg we;s
fï wkd.; ixidr ÿl i,ld thska ksoyia ùug Ndjkdfõ
fhfokak' thg Wkkaÿjkak" Wkkaÿjkak'
8' wdydr fiùfï ÿl ldg;a fmdÿ h' Tng o th idOdrK h'
wdydr fiùfï ÿlska fm<Sula fkd jkakg kï flf,ia nßka
iïmQ¾Kfhka ksoyia úh hq;= h' Tn fï uy ÿflka fkd fm<S ksù
iekiS . ka k g kï Ndjkdfõ fhfoka k ' thg Wkka ÿ jka k "
Wkkaÿjkak'
fufia fï ixfõ. jia;= wg uekúka fufkys lrkakd yg
is;a ;=< n,j;a ixfõ.h my< fõ' th Ñ;a; iïmyxikhg Wmldr
fjhs' nqÿ .=Kh" oyï .=Kh" iÕ .=Kh hk ;=Krq ejfkys .=Khka ks;r
ks;r uekúka fufkys lrkakdf.a is; mey§ hhs' iïmyxikhg
iqÿiq wjia:dfjys iïmyxikh l<ukd yeá fufia h'
iv
iv. WfmlLdj meje;aúh hq;= Ñ;;dji:dj ljf¾ o@
uq, i|yka l< whqfrka Tijd ;eìh hq;= wjia:dfõ Tijd
;nkq ,enQ o" ks.%y l< hq;= wjia:dfjys ks.%y lrkq ,enQ o"
 104 105

iïmyxikh l< hq;= wjia:fjys iïmyxikh lrkq ,enQj o"
Ndjkd ukisldr Ñ;a;h u;= i|yka mia whqfrlska mj;akd
wjia:dfjys WfmlaLdfjys fhdojd,sh hq;= h' lreKq mi kï (-
^w& w,Skje mej;Su ^fldaiÊcfhka fkd ieÕù mej;Su hs'&
^wd& wkqoaO;j mej;Su ^WoaOÉpfhka fkd úisÍ mej;Su hs'&
^we& ksriajdo ke;sj mej;Su ^lugyk is; w,a,k .;sfhka
hq;=ùu hs'&
we;s nj h' iudêfhys kshe,s nj h' fï w¾mKd fl!Y,Hfhda oY
fokd hs'
fuys oelajQ w¾mKd fl!Y,H lreKq 10 uekeúka iïmdokh
lrk fhda.djprhdg w¾mKdj fyj;a OHdk Ñ;a;h my<ùug bv
;sfí' b;d ál fofkl=ka yg fu;rï is; ÈhqKj q g m;a l<;a
w¾mKdj fkd ,efnk ieáhla ó<Õ WmfoaYfhka f;areï lr.;
yels h'

^wE& uq,ska i|yka lreKq fya;= fldg f.k wruqfKys iu je tjx ys iumdohf;d - wmmKd fldi,,x bux
meje;Su' má,foO ksñF;uyss - wmmKd immjF;;s
tjums mámJkii - ifp id kmmjF;;s"
^b& iudê ùÓhg ms<smkafka ùu' ^m%;smkak ùu'&
;:dms k cfy fhd.x - jdhfuf:j mKäf;d'
fufia mj;akd ieá i,ld tn÷ is;g m.a.yh fyda ks.a.yh
hkqfjka ,en.kakd ,o m%;sNd. ksñ;af;ys fufia fï
fyda iïmyxikh fyda ´kE fkd lrk fyhska WfmlaLdj weiqre
oi jeoEreï w¾mKd fldai,a, iïmdokh lrkakd yg w¾mKdj
flfrhs' ßfhys fh¥ wiqka iu je .uka lrkq ÿgq ßhÿrd tys §
WmÈhs' fufia o ms<m
s Èkakd yg ta w¾mKdj fkd ,efí kï {dkj;a
WfmlaLdj weiqre lrk mßoafoks' fufia WfmaCIdj fh§u o; hq;= h'
fhda.jdprhd fï w,dNfhka WodiSk fkd ù Ndjkd fhda.h w;a
8' wiudys; mq.., mßjcck;d (- fkd ;ekam;a is;e;s fkd yer ;j;a u;=jg o W;aidy lrkafka h'
mqo.,hka ÿre lsÍu hs' fuys wiudys; mqoa.,fhda kï fklaLïu
ysFjd ys iuud jdhdux - úfiix kdu udkfjd"
mám;a;shg - tkï OHdk .=Khka ,ene.kakd jev ms<sfj<g -
wê.fpP mßF;ums - Gdkfu;x k úcc;s
we;=<;a fkd jQfjda o" tn÷ ms<sfj;la fkd mqrkafkda o" úCIsma;
ÑF;mmjF;s wdlrx - ;iud i,,CLhx nqfOd
yDoh we;s mqoa.,fhda o" ndysr jefvys fh§ l,a .; lrkafkda o
iu;x úßhfiij - fhdcfh: mqkmmqkx
fj;s' Tjqyq ÿßka ÿre l<hq;= fj;s'
Bilums ,hx hJ;x - m..fKyf;j udkix
9' iudys; mq.., fijk;d (- ;ekam;a is;a we;s mqoa.,hka wpproOx ksfifOFjd - iufuj mjF;fh 39
weiqre lsÍu hs' fuys iudys; mqoa.,fhda kï OHdk ,en .kakd
fï b;du;a iaÓr jQ ó<Õg l<ukd Wmfoaih hs' tys woyi kï (-
ms<sfj;a mqrkafkda h' OHdk,dNS mqoa.,fhda h' tn÷ mqoa.,hka
uekúka f;areï lrf.k" y÷kdf.k" l,ska l, tn÷ W;=uka —iuHla jHdhdufhlska f;dr j b;d l=vd úfYaI .=Khlg
fj; t<U .= K oekuq ; = l ï ,nd .ekS u h' fun÷ W;= u ka mjd i;a;aj f;fï m;ajkafka h˜ hk fï ldrKh hï fyhlska
ieoeyefhka weiqre lsÍu mjd .=K ÈhqKqjg Wmldr fjhs' keoao" tfyhska Ndjkd isf;a ,Sk WoaOÉp jYfhka mj;akd jQ
wdldr i,lkakd jQ kqjKe;s fhda.djprhd fkd kej; ù¾hhfha
10';oêuqF;;d (- tys wêuqla;sh we;s nj kï" iudêfhys
woeys,su;a nj h' iudêhg .relrk nj h' iudêhg keuqKq is;a 39' ú' u' 100 msg
 106
iu nj u fhdokafka h' uf|lskqÿ ,Sk njg hk is; kÕd,sh
hq;=u h' b;d úisÍ.sh is; j<ld iu je ue meje;aúh hq;= h'
fï i|yd ksoiqka myla is; .ekSug olajk ,§' ta fufia h (-
1' óueis ksoiqk (- u,a frdka tl;= lrk ó ueiaika w;r wêl
fõ.j;a ó ueiaid wêl fõ.h ksid u,a msms .i blau f.dia h<s;a
fmr<d tk úg yuqjkafka frdka wjika l< u,a .i hs' fyf;fï o
msßfyhs' wolaI ó ueiaid fõ.h wvqj fh¥ ksid fiiaika frdka
wjika l< u,a .i h yuqlr .kafka' uOHu jQ fõ.h fh¥ ó ueiaid
muKla kshu ;ekg kshu fõ,djg meñK frdka ,en.kafka h'
2' Wmq,ma f;a ksoiqk (- Y,Hl¾uh okakd fjo weÿrkaf.a w;jeishka
Èh ;,af,ys ;snQ uyfk,a fm;af;ys isrdfõOdÈ ie;alï mqyK q j
q k
l,ay"s Tjqka w;=frka tflla wêl fõ.fhka wdhqO fhdoñka Wmq,m a ;
folg lvhs' blaukalu ksid Wmq,m a ; Èh hgg fyda niaihs' fufia
fyf;u ismi a ;frka msßfyhs' fõ.h" ùhH_ jeä fhda.jprhd o fufia
,o .=Kfhka msßfyhs' Y,H ffjoHjrhdf.a ;j;a w;jeiafila wolaI
fjhs' wolaINdjfhka u ìfhka fmf<ñka fm;a; lefma o" ke;akï
Èh hgg fha o lshd ielfhka fjjq,ñka wdhqOh fm;af;ys fhdokakg
mjd fkd iu;a fjhs' tmßoafoka u ù¾hfhka olaI;dfjka ÿn,
fhda.djprhd o ielfhka fyda ìfhka o jefvys fkd fhfohs'
kshu olaI w;jeishd jkdys iu jQ m%fhda.fhka ta Wmq,a mf;ys
wdhqO jefgk ieá olajd Ys,amfhys iïmQ¾K;djhg m;afjhs'
tmßoafoka olaI ldhH_lI a u fhda.djprhd iu jQ m%fhda.fhka Ndjkd
ukisldrfhys fhfoñka kshu m%;M s , ,nhs'
3' ul=¿yqfha ksoiqk (- hfula nUhla È. ul=¿ oe,l kQ,la
f.k ta kï fya oyila rkañ< ,nkafkah hs mqj; weiQ tla fõ.j;a
mqoa.,fhla b;d fõ.lï ksid ul=¿yqhla fidhd f.dia th ;ekska
;ekska lvd ouhs' wolaIhd lefâ hhs hk ìfhka tys w; ;sîug
o fkd iu;a fjhs' kshu olaIhd jkdys fl<jrl mgka iu jQ
107
m%fhda.fhka ,S lene,a,l T;d f.kjq;a kshu ;ekg § kshñ;
,dNh ,nhs' úßh jeä" úßh ke;s fhda.djprfhda fokakd u fufia
msßfy;s' kshu olaIhd u Ndjkd m%fhdackh i,id .kshs'
4' kefõ Wmudj (- olaINdjh jeä blauka kshuqjd n,j;a ;o
iq<fÕys rej, iq<Õska mqrjd fõ.h jeä fyhska kej úfoaYhlg
muqKjq hs' woCI" ù¾hHh wvq" keúhd u| iq<fÕys rej, nydf.k
kej tys u ;nd .ksh's olaIhd ;o iq<f.ys rej, wvl=Uq fldg o"
u| iq<fÕys rej, imqrd fhdod o leue;s ;eklg muqKjhs' tfia
u ù¾hHh jeä jQ o" ù¾hHh wvq jQ o" fhda.djprhka fofokd u
Ndjkdfjka msßfykakdy' iu ù¾hHfhka hq;a fhda.djprhd
Ndjkdfjka kshu m%fhdack ,nhs'
5' ke<sfha Wmudj (- msg; f;,a fkd bfik fia ke<shg f;,a
mqrjkakd yg ,dN ,efíh hs .=rejrhd úiska w;jeiaika yg lS l,ay"s
ta w;jeishka w;r tflla jeä blaukaldrfhla fõ o" ,dNfhys
.scq jQ fyf;u fõ.fhka mqrjñka f;,a neyerg bishs' wolaIhd
f;, msg; bfia h hk ìfhka f;,a j;a fldg ,kakg fkd
fmdfydi;a fjhs' kshu olaIhd iu jQ m%fhda.fhka tys f;, mqrjd
,dn ,nhs'
tmßoafoka ue tla fhda.djprfhla m%;sNd. ksñ;a; Wmka
l,ays" blaukska u w¾mKdj;a ,en .kafkñ hs is;d ùhH_h ;r
flfrhs' Tyqf.a is; b;d jeä ùhH_fhka u~kd ,o neúka
WoaOÉPfhys m;s; fjhs' w¾mKdjg m;ajkakg fkd fmdfydi;a
fjhs' ;j;a fhda.djprfhla ùhH_h jeä lfuys fodia oel" ,oaod
ue /l.ksñ' ug w¾mKdfjka ljr jefvla oe hs i,ld ùhH_h
wvqlr .kshs' Tyqf.a is; w;sYhska yel=¿Kq ùhH_h we;s neúka
l=i;
S njg jefghs' hfula jkdys uf|l=ÿ ,Sk jQ is; ta ,SkNdjfhka
o" WoaO; jQ is; ta WoaOÉpfhka o" uqod f.k iu jQ m%fhda.fhka
máNd. ksñ;a;g wNsuqL fldg mj;ajd o" fyf;fï w¾mKdjg
meñfKhs' tn÷ úh hq;= h'
 108
rEmdjpr m%:u OHdkh ldu ;Kaydjg úIh Ndjfhka kslaue
isáfha h' b;d ishï
q jQfha h' ishï
q njg m;ajf
Q ha h' Wmpdr wjia:dfõ
§ my< jQ OHdkdx.hkg jeäfhka ish .=Kfhlska oyia .=Kfhlska
fuh b;du;a iaÓr jQfha h'
m<uqfjka lshk ,o m%;sNd. ksï;af;ys fun÷ jQ Wmpdr
OHdk Ñ;a;h we;=¿ jQjdla fuka mj;shs' th fï OHdk ,enqKq
wjia:dj hs'
—úúfppj ldfuys úúpp wl=if,ys Ofuuys iú;Clx iúpdrx
úfjlcx mS;i
s L
q x mGux COdkx Wmiumcc úyr;s˜ hkq iQ;% md,sh hs'
lduhkaf.ka fjkaj u" wl=Y, O¾uhkaf.ka fjkaj u ú;¾l
iys; úfõlfhka Wmka m%S;sfhka o" iemfhka o hq;a m%:u OHdkh
,enf.k jdih lrhs" hkq w¾: hs'
1' kSjrK ixLhd; m[apdÙ.fhka f;drùu'
2' ú;lald§ OHdkdÙ. miska hqla;ùu'
3' we;=<; msyá
s ;sú
% O l,HdKfhka yd oY ,laIKfhlska hql;
a ùu"
hkq tys úfYaI ye¢kaùu hs'
tys ii|d,Su fufiahs - —úúfppj ldfuys úúpp wl=if,ys Ofuuys˜
hk iQ;% mdGfhys i|yka jQfha"
1' lduÉPkaoh" jHdmdoh" Ók ñoaOh" WoaOÉp l=ll
a É
= ph" úÑlsÉPdj
hk wx. mfilska f;dr ùu h' fuu m%ySK ùu úlaLïyk m%ydKh
kñka y÷kajk ,§' lduÉPkaodÈh m%yK S ke;skï OHdk Ñ;a;h o
ke;' úfYaIfhka OHdk is;g fï lduÉPkaodÈh wka;rdlrh ta
fufia h'
lduÉPJofhka fkdfhla wruqfKys fmd<Uk ,o is;
tal;ajdrïuKfhl ;ekam;a lsÍu j<lkq ,efí' lduÉPJofhka
u~kd ,o ta is; ldu Od;= m%ydKh msKsi ms<sfj;g m;afkdfjhs'
jHdmdofhka o wruqfKys .efgk is; ksrka;r j fkd mj;shs'
109
Ók ñoaOfhka u~kd ,o is; wl¾uKH fõ' Ndjkd l¾uhg
fhda.H fkd fõ' WoaOÉp l=ll
a É
= pfhka u~kd ,o is; fkd ikaik
q a
je lerlefjhs' úÑlsÉPdfhka myrk ,oafoa OHdkdê.u idOl
ms<sj;g fkd kef.hs' fufia úfYaIfhka OHdk is;g wka;rdhlr
fyhska fïjd ue m%ySKdÙ. jYfhka oelajQy'
2' iïm%hqla;dÙ. jYfhka lshfjkafka iQ;% mdGfhys i|yka
—iú;Clx iúpdrx úfplcx mS;siqLx˜ hk fldgiaj,ska oelafjk
ú;lal" úpdr" mS;s" iqL" tl.a.;d hk wX. mi hs' tys ú;lalh
wruqfKys is; k.hs' úpdrh wruqfKys is; n¢hs' OHdkdê.ukhg
m%;Hh jQ ta folska úfCIamh fkd jkq msKsi iïmdokh lrk ,o
Ndjkd ixLHd; m%fhda. we;s fhda.djprhdf.a isf;a" mskùula"
jeãula Njkd m%fhda.fhka Wmka m%; S h
s yd iqLh isÿflfrhs' blaì;s
fiiq iam¾YdÈ jQ iïm%hql; a O¾u iys; ta is;g ú;¾lfhka ,efnk
wkq.y % h wNskfs rdamK ^wruqKg we;=¿ùu& lD;Hh hs' úpdrfhka
,efnk wkq.y % h kï wkqnkaOk ^kej; kej; ne£u& l%h s dj hs'
m%;
S f
s hka ,efnk wkq.y % h kï mskùu hs' iqLfhka ,efnk wkq.y % h
kï Wmn%Eykh ^jeãu& hs' fufia mia wdldrhlska wkq.%y ,o
tald.%;dj talFjd,unkfhys bkaøsh iu;d jYfhka iufldg
m%;m s laI O¾uhkaf.a ¥ÍNdjfhka ,Sk o" WoaO; o fkd jk neúka
ukdfldg msysgqj hs' tald.%;dj iudOdk lD;Hfhka Ñ;a;h o
iïm%hl q ;
a O¾uhka o wkqlrKh lrkakS OHdk CIKfhys id;sYh
je ue iudys; flfrhs' fufia ú;¾ld§ wx. mfia Wm; wkqj
m[apdÙ. iukakd.;Ndjh o; hq;= h'
fï wÙ. mi OHdkdjia:djg uq,k s a ,efnk Wmpdr wjia:dfõ
o ,efnhs' tys § ta wÙ.fhda t;rï n,j;a fkd fj;s' tfy;a m%lD;s
Ñ;a;hg jvd b;du;a n,j;a h' fuys § fï OHdkdjia:dfõ § kï
Wmpdrdjia:dfõ ;;a;j a hg o jvd n,j;a h' rEmdjpr ,CIKhg
m;a jQ fyhsk's fuys ú;¾lh jkdys flf,ikqf.ka ñ§ we;s fyhska
uekúka m%lg jQ wdldrfhlska wruqKg is; kxjd,ñka WmÈhs'
 110
úpdrh w;sYfhka u wruqK msßuÈñka WmÈ hs' m%; S h
s ;a iqLh;a hk
fol uq¿ isrefrys me;sfrñka WmÈ hs' tfyhska u jod<y (-—kdii
ls[Ñ inndjf;d ldhii úfjlfck mS;i s f
q Lk wmMqgx fyd;s˜ hs'
^fï fhda.jprhd yeu wjhjhla iys; lrc lh ms<n s |j lsiÿs
;efkl úfõlfhka Wmka mS;s iqL folska fkd me;=refka fkd fõ'&
tal.a.;dj o fmÜáhl há mshfkys Wvq mshk tlg je§ taldnoaO
je mj;akd mßoafoka wruqfKys uekúka je§ mj;s hs'
03' OHdk ú;;h ms<sn| ;s%úO l,HdK iy oi ,CIKfhda (-
;%súO l,HdKfhda (-
1' mGuii COdkii mámod úiqoê wd§
2' WfmCLdkqn%EyKd ufcCO
3' iumyxikd mßfhdidkx
fufia lshk ,o wdÈfhys mámod úiqoaêh" uOHfhys jQ
WfmlaLdkqnE% yKh" wjidkfhys jQ iïmyxikh hs ;%ú
s O l,HdKfhda
o; hq;= fj;s'
w¾mKd Ñ;a;fhys wdrïNfha mgka f.da;%N+ Ñ;a;h ,efnk
wjia:dj olajd we;s Ndjkd úêh mámod ^m%;sm;a;s& kï fjhs' ta
m%;m
s odj kSjrKd§ úreoaO O¾uhkaf.ka f;dr jQ fyhska m%;m
s od úY=oê
a
kï fõ' ta m%;m
s od úY%oê
a h ,efnkafka OHdkhdf.a W;amdoCIKfhys
h' tfyhska th wdÈ kï fõ' ;;%uÊCO;a;f = mlaLdjf.a lD;H jYfhka
WfmlaLdkqn%EyKdj o; hq;= fjhs' O¾uhka ms<sn| Tjqfkdjqka
blaue fkd meje;aùu h' bkaøshhkaf.a talri Ndjh" thg iqÿiq
ùhH_ mej;Suh wfiajkh hk fudjqka isÿ lsÍfuka msßiqÿ lrk
{dkhdf.a lD;H ksIam;a;s jYfhka iïmyxikh o; hq;= h'
1' tys mámod úiqoaêh ,CIK ;=fklska iïmQ¾K fjhs'
2' WfmlaLdkqn%EyKdj o ,laIK ;=fklska iïmQ¾K fjhs'
3' iïmyxikdj ,laIK i;rlska iïmQ¾K fjhs'
111
tys mámod úiqoaêfha wx. ;=k kï'
1' fhd ;ii mßmfJ:d ;f;d úF;x úiqcCO;s"
^OHdk Ñ;a;hg hï ndOlfhla weoao thska is; msßisÿ fõ'&
2' úiqoOF;d ÑF;x ucCêux iu: ksñF;x mámcc;s'
^msßisÿ jQ fyhska is; uOHu iu: ksñ;a;g ms<smkafka fõ'&
3' mámJkF;d ;F: ÑF;x mCLJo;s'
^ms<smka fyhska thg is; mkS& hkq h'
fuhska OHdkhg úreoaO O¾uhka flfrka isf;a msßisÿ jk
wdldrh" uOHu iu: ksñ;a;g meñfKk wdldrh" thg we;=¿
jk wdlrh hk ,laIK ;=k mámod úiqoaêfha we;ehs lS fyhska
OHdkhdf.a wdÈfhys fyj;a W;amdolaIKfhys w¾mKd m%dma;s
,CIKfhda fj;s' fï wdldr ke;sj w¾mKdjg m;aùfula ke;'
tfyhska ta ,laIKfhda OHdkfha wdÈfhys ,eìh hq;= h'
uOHfhys WfmlaLdkqn%EyKdfõ ,laIK ;=k kï fï wjia:d
;=k wkqj WfmaCIdj meje;aùfï lD;H ;=k hs' ta ,laIK ;=k
kï(-
1' úiqoOx ÑF;x wcCOqfmCL;s
2' iu: mámJkx wcCOqfmCL;s
3' tlF;=mgGdkx wcCOqfmCL;s hkq hs'
1' msßiqÿ jQ is; .ek WfmalI a dj meje;aùu hs" hkafkka olajkafka
is; msßisÿ jQfha m%;m
s odfõ n,fhks' tfia msßisÿ jQ is; h<s;a
msßisÿ fkd l<ukd fyhska úfYdaOkfhys jHdmdr fkd lrñka
WfmaCIdj meje;aùu hs'
2' fojekafka olajkafka iu: Ndjhg meñKs fyhska h<s;a
iudOdkfhys jHdmdr fkd flfrñka WfmaCIdj mj;ajhs hkq h'
3' ;=kj
a ekafkys" iu: m%;m
s kak neúka ue flf,ia yd iïnkaOh
yermshd tal;ajfhka jegyqKq iudêh ms<sn| h<s;a tl;a;=
mÜGdkfhys jHdmdr fkd flfrñka WfmaCIdj mj;aj hs'
 112
3' —iïmyxikh˜ kï jQ wjidkfhys ,laIK i;frls'
ta fufia h (-
1' ;F: cd;dkx Ouudkx wk;sjF;kfgGk iumyxikd
2' bJøshdkx tlrifgGk iumyxikd
3' ;ÿm. úßh jdykfgGk iumyxikd
4' wdfijkfgGk iumyxikd hkq h'
1' ta isf;ys yg.;a Y%oO
a dj;a m%{dj;a hk O¾u fofla Tjqfkdjqka
fkd blau isgqkd iajNdjfhka iïmyxikh'
2' Y%oaOd§ bkaøshhka kd kd flf,iqkaf.ka ñÿKq neúka úuqla;s
rifhka talri neúka iïmyxikh'
3' ta wk;sj¾;k Ndjhg yd talri Ndjhg wkqrEm jQ ù¾h
mj;ajk fyhska iïmyxikh'
4' kej; kej; fiajkd¾:fhka iïmyxik he hs ta i;rdldrfha
f;areu fjhs' fï olajk ,oafoa oY,ËKh hs'
fuh ,efnk ieá fufia hs (-
Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfok fhda.djprhdf.a Ndjkd iuDoaêh
isÿjkafka l%ñl ÈhqKf
q jlsk's uq,a ÈhqKj
q miq ÈhqKj
q g fya;f
= jhs'
fufia l%ñl ÈhqKqjg m;a bkaøshfhda iu;dfjkq;a ÈhqKqjg
m;ajkakdy' bkøshhka ÈhqKj q g m;ajkafka OHdkhg mßmka: jQ
flf,ia iuQyh l%ufhka bj;a lr ÿrg ;,a¨ lr oeófuks' Ndjkd
ukisldr úêh fufia fndfyda jdrhla mj;akd l,ays hï jdrhl §
OHdk Ñ;a;h my< fõ kï" ta jdrfha § ta OHdk Ñ;a;hg m%;smlaI
kSjrK iuQyfhka ta is; msßisÿ fjhs' fuh isÿjkq fhda.djprhd
yg fkd oekqK;a ta kSjrKhkaf.ka iekeis,a,la ;udg my< ù
we;s nj miqj jegfykakg mgka .ks hs' fï mßY=oaêh ksid is;a
;=< n,j;a t<shla oefkkakg o mq¿jk' oeka fï wjia:djg m;a
fhda.djprhd yg flf,iqka f.ka jk wdjdrK n,mEï fkd ue;'
113
kSjrKhkaf.ka is; mssßisÿ h' fuh uOHu iu: ksñ;a;g is;
jefgk wji:dj hs' uOHu Yu: ksñ;a; kï iu je meje;s OHdk
iudêh hs' w¾mKd iudêh hs lshkq ,nkafka o fuh ue hs' th
iu je meje;Su h lshkafka ,Sk;djg fyda WoaOÉphg fyda fkd
fm/<Sfuka mqk mqkd my< ùug h' úfYaIfhka úreoaO O¾uhka
ikai÷
s jk fyhska Yu: kï o" fhda.djprhdf.a is;y
a s iqjhg ldrK
fyhska kñ;a; kï o fjhs' w¾mKd ;;a;ajhg is; fudard hkafka
l%ufhks' tl u Ñ;a; ika;;sh l%u l%ufhka fïßug m;aùfuka
fï iajNdjh weiqre lrk nj ie,lsh hq;= h'
th isÿjk l%uh fufia hs (-
fhda.djprhd fï i|yd mß;Hd. rdYshla flfrhs' fodia
i;ßka f;dr fldg ÈhqKqjg m;alr .;a PJod§ iDoêmdohka
m%fhdackh i|yd fhdohs' kSjrKhka w;ßka m;r n,mdk ÿn,
;;a;ajhla m%o¾Ykh flfrñka l,la Tjqka iuÕ igka lsÍug o
Tyqg isÿfjhs'
m%;smlaI O¾uhka ue~,Sug .kakd W;aidyh id¾:ljk úg
bkaøshhka iu ;;ajfha ;nd .eksug {dkdkaú; uy;a mßY%uhl
fhfokakg o isÿfjhs' th ilia ùfuka miq o my;g jefgkakg
bv ;sfí' my;g jefgkakg bv fkd § iDoaêmdohka imqrd jefvk
úg" hï jdrhla Ñ;a; ika;;sh OHdk ;;a;ajhg fmrf<hs kï" ta
Ñ;a; ika;;sh uQ, mßl¾u wjia:dj hs' tys § iDoaêmdohka hg
i|yka je/Èj,ska ñ§ jeãfuka bJøsh iu;dj o iïmQ¾K fjhs'
Wmpdr wkqf,dau hk kïj,ska y÷kajk wjia:d o l%ufhka blau
isá hs' ÈhqKq ù my< fjhs' th f.d;%N+ kñka ye¢kafjhs' ta Ñ;a;
ika;;sh ue fudard fï w¾mKd Ñ;a; kñka ye¢kafjk uOHu
iu: ksñ;a;g m;aùu B<Õg isÿfjhs' fuh mámcckh hs' fufia
ms<smka fyhska tflfKys w¾mKd iudêfhka iudys; Ndjh
isÿùfuka mCLJohkh fjhs' mCLJohkh kï mekSu hs' je§u
 114
fiiq O¾uhkaf.a mekSula fuka fkd je tal;aj khska mßKdufhka
f.d;%N+j w¾mKd iudê Ndjhg t<öu ue w¾mKd idudêhg je§u"
mekSuh hs o; hq;= h'
WfmlLdkqn%EyKh ms<sn| wx. 3
1' mßmka:fhka úuqla; jQ is; .ek WfmlaLd mj;ajhs'
mßmka:fhka msßisÿ fyhska msßisÿ isf;a h<s;a msßisÿ l< hq;= njla
ta wjia:djg wdjYHl fkd jk fyhska msßisÿ lsÍfï jHdmdrh fkd
flfrñka tys ,d WfmlaLdj mj;ajhs' fyj;a ;;%uÊCO;a;;djf.a
lD;H jYfhka fhda.djprhd fï ,o úiqoO a isf;ys uOHia: is;
my< lr .ekSug mqreÿ úh hq;h = ' B<Õ wjia:d fofla § ;a tfia u
h' fun÷ wjia:dfõ § my< jk m%udKd;sld% ka; ;=Iá a h ue wk;=re
iys; fyhsk's
2' tys fojk wjia:dj jkúg Yu: Ndjhg is; meñK we;'
tys ,d h<s;a iudOdk jHdmdrhla wkjYH h' tfyhska fhda.djprhd
h<s;a iudOdkfhys jHdmdr fkd flfrñka tys ueoy;a fjhs'
3' iu:hg m;a jQ fyhska ue ta Ñ;a;fhys flf,ia tl;=j
ke;' uq,e § flfia kï flf,ia ÿre flfrïfoda hs ms<smkakd jQ
fhda.djprhd yg iu: m%;ms ;a;f
s ha wdkqNdjfhka oeka ta flf,iqka
m%ySK jQ fyhska flf,ia tl;=j ke;' tfyhska flf,iqkaf.ka
f;dr je isá ta OHdk is; h<s;a tal;ajfhl ;eîfï jHdmdrhla
fkd flfrñka tal;ajfhka ;eîfuys ueoy;aùu fjhs'
fufia ;;% uOHia:;dfõ lD;H jYfhka WfmaCIdjf.a jeãu
o; hq;= h' OHdk Ñ;a;h iliaùug mjd WfmaCIdj ufydamldÍ
fjhs' jevqKq OHdk Ñ;a;hg th úfYaIfhka Wmldr nj fuhska
W.kajhs' fuys i|yka jkqfha th hs'
—mßmJ: úY=oê˜" uOHu Yu: m%;sm;a;sh" mlaLkaokh hk
fuys wkqn%Eys; OHdk Ñ;a;fhys wjldY ,o ;;%uÊCO;a;=fmlaLd
f;dfuda iïm%hqla; O¾uhka iu fldg mj;ajkakS njqka jvkakshl
fuka fjkq hs'
115
—;;%ucCOF;=fmCLdh lspp fjfik WfmCLdkqnE% yK;d fjÈ;nnd˜
lSyq hs'40
wjidk iïmyxikfhys wx. 4'
iïmyxikh kï Ndjkd Ñ;a;hg w;HdjYHl jQ {dk
lD;Hfhls' kqjKska isÿlrkq ,nk jefvls' fuys § th isÿjkafka
WfmlaLdfjka jevqKq iudê Ñ;a;fhys i;r wdldrfhlska nj
meyeÈ,s úh hq;= h' fuys olajkakg n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka ta
{dk lD;H i;r h'
uOHu iu: ksñ;a;g we;=¿ jQ iudê Ñ;a;fhys iudêh;a
m%{dj;a fol hq.fhys - úh.fiys ne| ;=nQ f,iska iu je mj;akd
fyhska ta folska fol fkd blaue mj;akd ;;a;ajhla Wiq<d
isákakdy' ta wjia:dfjys iudêh o jeäfhka ke. hkafka o ke;'
m%{dj wvq ù fyda jeä ù hkafka;a ke;' fuh m<uq lreK hs'
iudêh;a m%{dj;a hk fol hq.koaO je mj;akd fyhska
ioaOd" úßh" i;s" iudê" m[a[d hk bJøshfhda mia fok fkdfhla
wdldr we;s flf,iqkaf.ka bj;a ù we;s fyhska o ñ§ï l%shdfjka
tl lD;Hhla we;s fyhska o tl lD;H we;sj mgka .ks;s' fuh
fojk lreK hs'
iudê m[a[d fol Tjqfkdjqka fkd blaujd mej;Sug;a
bkaøshhkaf.a talri Ndjhg;a iqÿiq wkaofï úßh meje;aùu f;jk
lreK hs'
ta wjia:dfõ mq¾jdla; wdldr ;=fkka wdfiajkh meje;aùu
i;rjk lreK hs'
fï i;r ;ek ,efnk ixlsf,i fjdodkhka ms<n s | wd§kj;a
wdksixi;a oek kqjKska msßisÿ l< fyhska {dkfha lD;H ksIma ;a;s
jYfhka iïmyxikdj o; hq;= h'
fufia m%:u OHdkh ,en.;a;yq úiska m<uqfjka u is; fhduq
l< hq;af;a th ,nd .ekSug ;uyg Wmldr jQ lD;H iïNdrh
40' ú' u'
 116
foi h' ta fufia h(- —fun÷ imamdh fNdack wdik wdÈhla weiqre
fldgf.k fun÷ bßhõjla mj;ajñka fun÷ ld,fhl ud úiska
fï .=K úfYaIh ,en.kakd ,oafoa h˜ hkq h' tfia is;g .ekSfuka
kej; th ke;s jQ úgl th h<s;a ,nd .eksug ta wdldrhka
weiqre lsÍfuka ms<sjka jkafka h' m%.=K ke;s iudêh kej;
kej; m%.=K lr .ekSug o ta u.ska ms<sjka jkafka h'
—tjfuj fLd NsCLfj bfOlfppd mKaäf;d úhfF;d
l=if,d NsCLq ldfh ldhdkqmiiS úyr;s wd;dms -fm- úfkhH
f,dfl wNscCOd fodukiix ;ii ldfh ldhdkqmiisfkd úyrf;d
ÑF;x iudêh;s" WmfC,id myShJ;s" fid ;x ksñF;x W..Kyd;s"
fjokdiq -fm- ÑfF; -fm- Ofuuiq -fm- ifLd fid NsCLfj
mKäf;d úhfF;d l=if,d NsCLq ,dNS fpj fyd;s ÈgGOuu-
iqLúydrdkx ,dNSs i;s iumc[[ii" ;x lsiify;=@ ;:dys
fid NsCLfj mKäf;d úhfF;d l=if,d NsCLq ilii ÑF;ii
ksñF;x .Kyd;s˜41 hkq Ydia;D WmfoaYh hs'
—uyfKks" tmßoafoka u fï Ydikfhys mKaä; jQ" jHla;
jQ" olaI jQ we;eï uyfKla lfhys lh wkqj kqjKska olakd
iq¿ j" flf,ia ;jk ùhH_fhka hq;= j" ukd oekqï we;s j" isys
we;s j" ldh f,dalfhys oeä f,daNh yd fodïki ÿrefldg
fjfia' lfhys lh wkqj kqjKska olakd iq¿ j" kqjK we;s j"
jik Tyqf.a is; tlÕ fõ' flf,ia m%yK S fõ' fyf;u ta
ksñ;a; W.kS' fõokdys ''' is;y a s ''' oyïys oyï wkqj olakd
iq¿ j" kqjKska olakd iq¿ j" flf,ia ;jk ùhH_fhka hq;= j"
ukd oekqï we;s j" isys we;s j oyï f,dfõys oeä f,daNh yd
fodïki ÿrefldg fjfia' oyïys oyï wkqj kqjKska olakd
iq¿ j" kqjK we;s j" jik Tyqf.a is; tlÕ fõ' flf,ia
m%yKS fõ' fyf;u ta ksñ;a; W.kS'˜ hkq tys Ndjh hs'
41' ix' ks' uydj.. ix msg 276 nq' c'
117
OHdkh ,eîug <Õska u Wmldr jQjd jQ ksñ;a; f;areï
lrf.k tys fh§fuka OHdkh ,nd .ekSu muKla isÿlr.;
yels fjhs' tfia ,enQ OHdkh l,la ;nd .ekSug th msysg fkd
fjhs' ,en.;a OHdkh fndfyda l,la mj;ajd .ekSug Wmldr
jkafka iudê mßmka: jQ kSjrKhka f.ka is; msßisÿ fldg f.k
thg iuje§u hs' iudê mßmka: O¾uhka f.ka is; msßisÿ lr.kakd
ieá fufia h (-
1' f,dl= l=vd ;DIaKd ixl,amkdjka f.ka b;d fyd¢ka is;a
msßisÿ lr.; hq;= h' ta ixl,amkdjkg is; iïnkaO ù ;snqfKd;a
blaukska u iudêfhka is; whska fjhs' iudê ke;s is;la njg
m;afjhs' tfyhska iuje§ug m%:ufhka ldud§kj uekúka i,ld
thska is; msßisÿ lr.; hq;= h'42 wY=N ukisldrh o b;d m%fhdackj;a
fjhs' i;a;aj ixialdrhka flfrys we;sjk wd,fhka f;drúh
hq;= h'
2' i;a;aj ixialdrhka flfrys .eàfuka is; msßisÿ lr.;
hq;= h' ldh miaioaêh my<jk whqßka ldhsl mSvdjka" ldhsl
or:hka ÿre lr.; hq;= h' mqreÿ l< fu;a lugykg is;a fhdud
f.k iEfyk l,la .;lsÍu fuhg fndfyda Wmldr fjhs'
3' fudk fudk lreKq ksid fyda ÓkñoaOfha ,l=Kq jk
weÕue,s .;s wdÈh we;fyd;a úßh iïfndÊCO.ÜGdksh lreKq
jk wdrïNOd;=" kslaluOd;=" mrlaluOd;= fufkys lsÍfuka yd
wdf,dal i[a[d fufkys lsÍfuka yd pxlukdêIaGdkdÈfhka o
ÓkñoaOh bj;alr .; hq;= h' tfia fkd l<fyd;a meñKs
OHdkfhka msßfyhs' iuje§u o wmyiq h'
4' ljr lrefKlska fyda is;ai;ka ;=< my<jkakg bv we;s
WoOÉp l=lal=Éph iu: ksñ;a; fufkys lsÍfuka fyda O¾u
iajNdjh ie,elSfuka fyda bj;a lr.; hq;= h' tfia ke;fyd;a
42' u' ks'
 118
,o iudêhg meñfKkakg o fkd yels fjhs' meñKs OHdkfhka
o blaukska msßfyhs'
5' hïlsis wdldrfhlska is;ai;ka ;=< hï;dla fyda n,mdk
úÑlsÉPdjka wef;d;a fï ndOdj isÿfjhs' th o ioaO¾u ukialdr"
jDoaO fiajkdÈfhka ixis÷jd.; hq;= h' ke;fyd;a msßySu isÿfjhs'
6' .s,kanj ksid o" lïudrdu;d ksid o" yiaidrdud;d ksid
o" wimamdh W;=.=K ksid o" wimamdh mqoa., weiqr ksid o fï
msßySu isÿjk fyhska wdrlaIdùug fhda.djprhka úiska úfYaIfhka
is;g .; hq;= h'
,o iudêfha § ms<smÈk ieá'
fufia mßmJ: O¾uhkaf.ka is;ai;ka msßiqqÿj ;nd f.k
ks;r iujeÈh hq;= h' iuje§u kï" ,o OHdk Ñ;a;h ,ndf.k
is;a meje;aùu h' ó<Õg jeäh hq;= lisKfhka ,o iudê ksñ;a;
jeäh hq;= h' fuu jeãug iqÿiq wjia:dfjda fofofkls' tkï"
Wmpdr N+ñfha § jeäh hq;= h' w¾mKd N+ñfha § o jeäh yels h'
fï jeãfï § ;ud ,o OHdk ksñ;a; wÕ,la oEÕ,la ;=kla y;rla
hkd§ l%ufhka mßÉfþo fldgf.k wêIaGdkfhka jeäh hq;= h'
mßÉfþo fkd fldg fkd jeäh hq;= h' fufia uq¿ ilaj, fl<jr
fldg o ;j;a Tíng o jeãu l< hq;= h'
m<uqfjka OHdkh ,;a fhda.djprhdg wdÈluñlhd hhs lshkq
,efí' Tyq fï wjia:dfõ § l< hq;af;a iudmÊck nyq,ùu h'
ks;r thg iu je§u ÈhqKq lsÍfuka jiSNdjh ÈhqKq fjhs' wx.hka
m%;HfõCId lrkakg hdfuka ta wx.hka ´<dßl je jegfyhs'
tfyhska tys fodia fmfkhs' fojeks OHdkh ,nd.eksug is;a my<
fjhs' th je<lsh yels fkd fõ' ,;a m%:u OHdkh m%.=K Ndjhg
m;alr fkd f.k fojeks OHdkhg jev lsÍfuka th o fkd ,efnhs'
,o OHdkh o msßyS hhs' tfyhska jod<y(
119
—bfOlfpjd NsCLq ndf,d wjHfJ;d wfLf;[û wl=if,d
úúfppj ldfuys úúpp wl=if,ys Ofuuys iú;Clx iúpdrx
úfjlcx mS;s iqLx mGux COdkx Wimumcc úyr;s" fid ;x
ksñF;x kdfij;s k Ndfj;s k nyQ,Slfrd;s k iuudêgG;x
wêgGd;s" ;ii tjx fyd;s'˜ hJkQkdyx ú;Cl úpdrdkx jQmiud
wcCOF;x iumidokx fp;fid tfldÈNdjx wú;Clx wúpdrx
iudêcx mS;s iqLx ÿ;shx COdkx Wmiumcc úyfrhHJ;s˜ fid
k ifCld;s ú;Cl úpdrdkx jQmiud -fm- ÿ;shx COdkx
Wmiumcc úyß;=x ;fiijx fyd;s"˜ —hJkQkdyx úúfppj
ldfuys úúpp wl=if,ys Ofuuys -fm- mGux COdkx Wmiumcc
úyfrhHJ;s˜ fid k idfCld;s úúfppj ldfuys - mGux
COdkx Wmiumcc úyß;=x" whx jqpp;s NsCLfj NsCLq WNf;d
NfgGd WNf;d mßySfkd fihH:dms NsCLfj .dù mnnf;hHd
nd,d wjHF;d wfLF;[û wl=i,d úifu mnnf; pß;=x˜
—uyfKks fï iiqfkys iudê mßmka: O¾uhkaf.a
úfYdaOkh fkd oekafuka nd, jQfha OHdkh mqyqKq njg
meñKùfuys f;areula ke;s u;=fhys OHdkhg msysgk nj
yd fkd jk nj fkd okakd we;eï fhda.djprfhla ldufhka
fjka je" wl=Y, O¾ufhka fjka je" ú;¾l iys; jQ" úpdr
iys; jQ" úfõlfhka Wmka m%;S h
s yd iemh we;s" m%:u OHdkhg
meñK jdih lsÍug iudm;a;s fl!Y,Hh ke;s neúka wolaI je
fjfiñka ta ,o iudê ksñ;a; fiajh fkd lrhs' fkd jvhs'
nyq, fkd lfrhs' ukdj isáhd fldg fkd isgqjd o" Tyqg
bÈka uu ú;¾l úpdrhka ixis÷jd,Sfuka ú;¾l ke;s" úpdr
ke;s" iudêfhka cks; m%S;s iem we;s" fojk OHdkhg meñK
jdih flfrï kï uekje hs lshd fun÷ woyfila fjhs'
fyf;fï ta fojk OHdkhg meñK jdih lsÍug fkd
fmdfydi;a fjhs' h<s;a Tyqg m%:u OHdkhg meñK jdih
flfrï kï uekej hs lshd fun÷ woyfila fjhs' fyf;fï
thg meñK jdih lsÍug o fkd fmdfydi;a fjhs'
 120
uyfKks" fï f;fï folska u msßyqfKahe hs lshkq ,efí'
l÷lrfhys .ejfik nd," wjHla; f.dÿre ìï ksis mßÈ
fkd okakd .jfok hï fia o ta fuks'
jiSNdj mi kï lsu'
,en.;a OHdkfhka msßySug fya;= jk fuu ÿn,;djka u.yrjd
.ekaug mqreÿ l< hq;af;a jiSNdj mi h" tkï(-
1' wdjcckd jiS"
2' iudmcck jiS"
3' wêgGdk jiS"
4' jqgGdk jiS"
5' mppfpCLKd jiS" hkq h'
—jisfhd;s h:dreÑ mjF;sfhd˜ hkq àld hs' wjÊckd jiS
kï ßisfia OHdkdx.hka wdj¾ckfhys" i,ld ne,Sfuys" ms<j
s kalu
h' iudmÊmk jiS kï ßis mßÈ OHdkhg iu je§fuys iu;anj h'
wêÜGdk jiS kï ld, kshuhla wkqj iudk;a;sh ;nd.ekSfuys
fmdfydi;a nj h' jqÜGdk jiS kï ßis mßÈ iujka OHdkfhka
ke.S isákakg iu;a nj hs'
ta fufiahs (-
wjÊck jish mqyqKq lrk ieá (- m<uq fjka ,enf.k we;s
m%:u OHdkhg iuje§ thska ke.S" tu OHdk Ñ;a;fhys ,efnk
ú;¾lh wdj¾ckd flfrhs' B<Õg úpdrh o" blaì;s m%S;sh o"
wk;=rej iqLh o" bka miq tal.a.;dj o wdj¾ckd flfrhs' is;ska
i,ld n,hs' fï wdldrfhka kej; kej; OHdkdx.hka uq, isg
w.g;a w. isg uq,g;a i,lkakd yg hï lf,l OHdkdx.hka
wruqKq fldg .;a Ñ;a;jdrfhda tajd w;rg m;a Njdx. lsysmhlska
msßis§ ksr;=re je mj;S kï" tl ,e wdjÊckd jish;a mÉpfjlaLK
jish;a m%.K= h hs lsj yelsfjhs' fï jiSNdjh i¾j{ nqÿjrhka
jykafia,dg uia;l m%dma;f s hka m%.K
= ù we;' hud uy fm<yr
121
wdÈh meje;aùfï § ieye,a¨ is;a meje;aula leu;sjk Wkajykafia,dg
OHdkdx.hka wruqKf q ldg mej;s Ñ;a; ùÓkays cjk i;rlg fyda
milg iSud fj;s' Ñ;a; úÓhlska Ñ;a; ùÓhl w;r ,efnk Njdx.fhda
o mYaÑu jdrhg Wmpdr jQ Njdx. p,k fofokd u fj;s' fï Njdx.
p,k fol ,efnkafka ;j;a OHdkdx.hla wdmd: jQ iufhys h'
wruqKlq a wdmd:hg fkd m;al,ays Njdx. p,kh isÿ fkd fõ'
Njdx. p,khla ke;s j wdj¾ckdfõ my<ùul= ; a ke;' fï
wdldrfhka Njdx.hka f .a meje;a u i¾j{ nq ÿ jrhkg yer
jiSmd% m;hkg o w;r;=r Njdx. jdrfhys .Kfkla kï ke;ehs
máiuNsod wgqjdfõ lshk ,§' OHdkhg b;d blaukska iu jÈkakg
iu;a nj iudmÊck jis;d kï fõ' tfia ue iujka OHdkh ;;amr
fol" ;=k wd§ jYfhka kshñ; ld,hla kj;ajd .kakg iu;a nj
wêÜGdk jis;d kï fõ' iujka OHdkfhka b;d blaukska ke.S
isàug iu;a nj jqÜGdk jis;d kï fõ mÉpfjlaLK jish wdjÊck
jisfhka u isÿ fõ' jqÜGdk jis;dj o wêÜGdk jis;dj wkqj u
isÿfjhs'
—mGux COdkx hFÓpPlx hÈpPlx hdjÈpPlx wdjcc;S
wdjcckdh oJOdhs;F;x kFÒ;s wdjcck jiS' mGux COdkx
hFÓpPlx hÈpPlx hdjÈpPlx iudmcc;s iudmcckdh
oJOdhs;F;x kJÓ;s iudmcck jiS˜ ''''
m%:u OHdkh hï m%foaYhl § wdj¾ckd lrkq leue;s fõ o" ta
m%foaYfhys wdj¾ckd flfrhs' hï lf,l hï OHdkdx.fhl fyda
wdjÊckd lrkq leue;s fõ o" ta ta l,e ta ta OHdkdx.fhys wdj¾ckd
flfrhs' hï;dla l,a wdj¾ckd lrkakg leue;s fõ o" ta;dla l,a
wdj¾ckd flrhs ' wdj¾ckd ls Í fuys mud nfjla ke;'
iudmÊckdÈfhys ÿ fuu l%uh hs'
fojk OHdkh i|yd jev lsÍu'
fuys lshk ,oaod jQ wdldrfhka ,o m%:u OHdkfhys uekúka
jiS Ndjh Wmojd f.k" tys iujefoñka jdih lrk fhda.djprhd
yg ú;¾l úpdr hk wx.fol ue fyda ta folska tlla fyda ´<dßl
 122
jyfhka jegefyka k g mgka .ks h s ' OHdk úreoa O O¾u jQ
kSjrKhkag th wdikak fyhska h' ta wx.hkaf.a ÿn, nj o
oefkhs' tl, ta fhda.djprhdg —wfyda ug ú;¾lh ke;s OHdkhla
,ofyd;a uekj hs˜ woyi my<fjhs' tl, Tyq úiska l< hq;af;a
;ud iujÈk m%:u OHdkfhys ksldka;sh úlaLïNkh lsÍu hs'
tfia fldg oeka ó<Õg wú;¾l iudêh ,en .ka f kñ hs
wêÜGdkfhka hq;= je ta uq,a máNd. ksñ;af;ys mßl¾u l< hq;=
h' tl,e ta Tyqf.a Ndjkdj ú;lal úrd. Ndjkd kï fjhs' m%:u
OHdkfha wdidj f.ù .sh úg th Wmjdr Ndjkdj hs' fiiq Wmjdr
Ndjkdjkays ÿ fu ue l%uh hs' fï l%ufhka Wmpdr Ndjkdj
mj;ajd f.k hdfï § úpdrd§ ishqï wx. i;ßka hq;a oaú;Sh OHdkh
my< fõ' ;D;Sh OHdkdÈh o fuu ms<sfj<ska ,efnk nj i,lkq'
1' m%:u OHdkhg m%ySKdx. 5 hs" ium%hql;dx. 5 hs'
2' oaú;Sh OHdkhg m%ySKdx. 1 hs" ium%hql;dx. 4 hs'
3' ;D;Sh OHdkhg m%ySKdx. 2 hs" ium%hql;dx. 3 hs'
4' p;=¾: OHdkhg m%ySKdx. 3 hs" ium%hql;dx. 2 hs'
5' m[pu OHdkhg m%ySKdx. 4 hs" ium%hql;dx. 2 hs'
OHdk i;f¾ l%uh wkqj kï óg fjkia fjhs' ta fufia hs (-
1' m%:u OHdk isf;a m%ySKdx. kï kSjrK 5 h' iïm%hqla;dx.
kï ú;lald§ wx. 5 hs'
2' oaú;Sh Ohdkhg meñKSfï § Tyqg ú;lal úpdr fol u
´,dßl jYfhka jegfy;s" tfyhska ta OHdk ,efnk úg
ta fol m%ySKdx.fha fj;s' tys mS;s" iqL" tl.a.;d ;=k
iïm%hqla;dx.fhd jkakdy'
3' ;D;sh OHdkfhys ú;lald § wx. ;=k m%yK
S fjhs' iqLh
yd tl.a.;dj hk fol iïm%hqla;dx. fõ'
4' p;=¾: OHdkhys § ú;lal" úpdr" mS;"s iqL hk i;r m%yKS
wx.fhda h" WfmlaLd - tl.a.;ld hk fol iïm%hlq a;dx.h'
123
OHdk i;r i|yka fm<
1' úúfppj ldfuys úúpp wl=if,ys Ofuuys iú;Clx iúpdrx
úfjlcx mS;s iqLx mGux COdkx Wmiumcc úyr;s'
^fhd.S f;fï lduhka flfrka fjkaje ue wl=i, O¾uhka
flfrka o fjkaje ue ú;¾l iys; jQ úpdr iys; jQ úfõlfhka
Wmka mS;s iqL we;s m%:u OHdkh Wmojdf.k jdih flfrhs'&
2' ú;Cl úpdrdkx jqmiud wcCOF;x iumidokx fp;fid
tfldÈNdjx wú;Clx wúpdrx iudêcx mS;s iqLx ÿ;shxCOdkx Wmiumcc
úyr;s'
^m%:u OHdkh ,en.;a fhda.S f;fï ú;lal úpdrhkaf.a
jHqmYu fya;=fjka iajika;dkfhys Wmka iïmidokfhka hqla;
jQ isf;a iudêh jvkakd jQ ú;¾l ke;s" úpdr ke;s iudêfhka
Wmka mS;s iqL folska hql;
a jQ oaú;Sh OHdkh Wmojd jdih flfrhs'&
3' mS;h
s d p úrd.d WfmCLfld p úyr;s if;d p iumcdfkd
iqLx p ldfhk máixfjfo;s hx ;x wßhd wdÑCLJ;s" —WfmCLfld
i;sud iqL úydÍ;s" ;x ;;shx COdkx Wmiumcc úyr;s˜
^m%;
S hs f.a o" úrd.fhka WfmlaIlje o fjfihs' isys we;af;a
o" kqjK we;af;a o iqj o lhska ú¢hs' hï OHdkhla fya;=fldg
f.k ta ;=kf a jks OHdkfhka hq;= mqo.
a ,hd —WfmCIlhd" isys we;af;a
h" iqj úyrK we;af;a h˜ hs wd¾hfhda lshoa o" ta ;=kf
a jks OHdkh
Wmojd jdih flfrhs'&
4' iqLiip mydk ÿCLiip mydkd mqfnnj fidukii -
fodukiidkx wF:x.ud wÿCLx wiqLx WfmCLd i;s mßiqoêx p;=F:x
COdkx Wmiumcc úyr;s'
^;=kajk OHdkh ,o fhda.S f;fï iqL ÿlaL fol m%ydKh
lsÍfuka ÿla fkd jQ" iqj fkd jQ WfmlaIdfjka yd i;sfhka ,;a
mßY=oaêh we;s irfjks OHdkh Wmojd jdih flfrhs'&
 124
mámod wNs[a[d lafIa;%fhda
OHdkfhys fhfokakyqf.a ksñ;a; WmÈkakg uq,a wjia:dj
m%;smod lafIa;%h hs' thska miq wjia:dj wNs[a[d lafIa;%h hs' tys
mQ¾jfhys úreoaO m%;Hhkaf.a <Õdùfuka ÿlfia ms<smÈkakd f.a
m%;m
s odj ÿla kï fjhs' iqjfia ms<m s Èkakyqf.a m%;ms odj iqL kï fjhs'
miqj ,eisje w¾mKdjg m;ajj q yqf.a Ndjkdj oJOdNs[[ a d kï fjhs'
jyd w¾mKdjg m;ajj Q yq f.a Ndjkdj ÅmamdNs[[ a d kï fjhs'
wrEmdjpr OHdk
wcgdldYh" mßÉýkakdldYh" lisK. aq >dáudldYh" rEm l,dm
mßÉfþodldYh hs' wdldYh isjq jeoEreï fjhs' tys wdldidk[apdh;kh
hk fuys woyia lrk ,oafoa lisKq.a>dáudldYhhs' th jkdys
wkka; jQ wcgdldYh yd talS N+; jQ fia fjhs' fhda.djprhd úiskq
ÿ th wkka; Ndjfhka m;=rejkq ,efí' tfyhska wkka; jQ
wdldYhkq hs" wdldidkkaf;d hkq fjhs' W;amdodka;fhla fyda
jHhdka;fhla fudyqg ke;sjkq hs fkd mefkakq hs' wkka; fõh
hs lshk ,§' wdldidkfJ;d tj - wdldidk[px" iajd¾;fhys h
m% ; Hfhka is o a O fyhs k s ' hï fia foúhka f .a jdiia : dkhg
foajdh;khhs lshkq ,efí o" tmßoafoka ue fuysÿ tys w¾mKd
m%dma; jQ iïm%hl q ;
a O¾uhka iys; jQ OHdkhg" —msyá s ;ek˜ hk
f;arefuka thu wldidkka;dh;kh hhs lshkq ,efí' —wdldidk[px
wdh;k uiid;s - wldidk[pdh;kx˜ hs fjhs Ñ;a; ffp;isl rdYshhs'
—wdldidk[pdh;kJ;s - wdldidk[pdh;kx iudmJkiijd
WmmJkiijd ÈgGOuu iqLúydßii jd ÑF; fp;isl Ouud˜ ys úNx.fhys
foaYkd lrK ,§' wdldidk[aphd;kfhys meje;s l=Y, Ñ;a;h
m<uqjk wrEmdjpr is; jQ l=i, is; hs'
ú[a [ dK[a p dh;kh hk fuys ú[a [ dKh kï
wdldidk[apdh;k Ñ;a;h ue hs' ty jkdys W;amdodka;h jHhdka;h
hk wka;hkaf.ka hq;a tlls' th wkka;jQfha flfia o@ wkka;
ix{s; wdldYfhys mj;akd fyhsks' fkdfyd;a wka; Yíoh
125
fldÜGdid¾:fhys jefgkafka h' tfyhska ;udf.a W;amdod § jQ
fldgiqka w;=frys tl foaYfhle fkd msyg
s d ish,a, me;srùu jYfhka
th wruqKq fldg we;s Ndjkdj mj;akd fyhska wkka; hhs lshkq
,efí' —wkJ;x ú[[kJ;s - ú[[KdkJ;x" ú[[KdkJ;fuj -
ú[[K[px˜ ksre;a;k s fhks' ú[a[dK[pdh;k ixLHd; jQ Ñ;a;
ffp;isl rdYsfhys meje;s l=i, Ñ;a;h ú[a[dKd[apdh;k
l=i, Ñ;a;h hs'
—ú[[dK[pdh;kJ;s - ú[[dK[pdh;kx iudmJkiijd -
WmmJkiijd ÈgGOuuiqLúydßii jd ÑF; fp;isld Ouud˜ hs
úNx.fhys § foik ,o ue hs' —wkJ;x ú[[dKJ;s ;foj ú[[dKx
[dfKk MqgGx ukislfrd;s wkJ;x Mr;s˜hs md<s fyhska {dkfhka
iam¾Ylrk ,oaod jQ ta ú[a[Kh fufkys flfrhs' wkka; hhs
me;sr.ks hs'
3' wdls[p[[dh;k hk fuys —wls[apk˜ - wdh;k hhs
uQ,h ie,lsh hq;= h' tys wls[apk hkafkys f;areu lsisjl= ÿ
ke; hkq hs' m%:udrEmH ú{dkfhka lsisÿ iaj,amhl= ÿ fuys ke;'
hk woyi hs' —wls[pkiiNdfjd - wdls[p[[x˜ hs .;a l,ays
wdls[pa [a[ kï m%:udrEmH ú{dkhdf.a wNdjh hs' wdh;k Yíoh
iïnkaO lrk whqre fmr fuks'
4' fkji[[d kdi[[dh;k ( T!odßl ix{dj ke;s fyhska
fkji[[d jQ o" iQlaIau ix{dj ke;af;a ke;s fyhska kdi[a[d
jQ o Ñ;a; ffp;isl O¾u rdYsh msysgd we;s l=i, Ñ;a;h hs'
fï wrEm is;a wdrïuK fNaofhka i;rlg fn§ we;' ta
wdrïuKh" w;sl%uKh l<hq;= wdrïuK i;r h" wruqKq l< hq;=
wruqKq i;r hehs fo wdldrhlska ,efí' tys m%:ud rEmHfhys
rEmdjpr m[apu OHdkfha wruqK jQ lisK ksñ;a; w;sl%uKh
l< hq;= h' th W.=¿jd,Sfuka ,o wdldih wruqKq l< hq;= úh'
fojekafkys m%:udrEmHdhdf.a wruqK jk wdldih w;sl%uKh
l< hq;= h' m%:ud rEmH ú{dkh wruqKq l< hq;= h' ;=kajekafkys
 126
ta m%:udrEmH ú{dkh w;sl%uKh l< hq;= h' ta ú{dkfha wNdjh
wruqKq l< hq;= h' isõjekafka ta wNdjh w;sl%uKh l< hq;= h'
;=kajk wrEmH ú{dkh wruqKq l< hq;= h'
fhda.djprhdg wjYH;dfjda'
fhda.djprhdg ,efnkakg bv we;s úúO ndOl wjia:djka
f.ka Tyq ksoyia lr .ekSu O¾u;djg u yels jk ieá O¾u
;;a;ajh i,lk úg f;areï .; yels h' Ôú; mß;Hd.fha kshu
f;areu o th úh hq;= h' we;eï úg tu Ôú; mß;Hd. l%shdj kshu
wkaoñka isÿ fkd ù kï tys kshu wkaoñka fkd msysáfha kï fyda"
Tyqf.a jev ms<sfj< foord hdug bv ;sfí' O¾u n,h bÈßm;a
lr.;a fhda.djprhd iaÓr j O¾ufha msysgd isà kï bfíg u fï
ksoyi i,id .; yels jkq we;'
fndfyda fihska fun÷ wji:djlg m;afjk úg fhda.djprhd
thg wejeis jk ;rfï Yla;sfhka msßyS f.dia isákakg o bv
;sfí' tfia kï tys § Tyqg wkqkaf.ka ,en.; hq;= Wmldrh
wjeis jkq we;' fuys § fhda.djprhd yg Wmldrh wejeis nj;a"
fln÷ Wmldrhla wejeis o hkq;a f;areï fíreï lr .ekSug
iu;a WmfoaYlhka yd Wmia:dhlhka o lreKdfjka yd kqjKska
o bÈßm;a úh hq;= nj úfYaIfhka lsj hq;= j we;' Ndjkd ;;a;ajh"
mqo.
a , ;;a;j
a h yd Wmia:dk úê fkd okakjqkf a .ka fhda.djprhdg
isÿjkqfha Wmldrfhla fkd fõ' wkqmldrfhls' mßydks u. fy<s
lr,Sfuls' fufia fyhska fhda.djprhdf.a Ndjkd fõ' bÈß .ukg
kqjKe;s" Wmdfhys olaI jQ wdpdH_jrekq;a" lreKsl lreKq o;a"
ia:dfkdaÑ; nqoaêh we;s Wmia:dhlhkq;a b;du;a m%fhdack jk
nj úfYaIfhka ie,lsh hq;= h'
Yu: - úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjkays fhfok mskaj;=ka yg we;eï
úg lsisÿ ndOdjla fkd ue;sj wNsu; ldhH_fha ch.%yKh i,id
.; yels jk w;r we;eï úg mqÿu wkaofï ndOdjka o ,efnk
fia fmfka'
127
tajd kï (-
1' l, § ;ud ;=< fkd ;=nQ frda.dndOfhda'
2' mSvdlr wukdm i;=kaf.a yd mqoa.,hkaf.a <xùu'
3' wukdm Yíofhda'
4' lreKq meyeÈ,s ke;s isf;a fkd ikaiqkalï'
5' fkdfhla wdldr we;s m%Yak bÈßm;a ùu'
6' wiudys; WoaOÉp mqoa.,hkaf.a l:d wdÈh'
7' iykh l< fkd yels ld,.=Kh'
8' fkdfhla úÈfha o¾Ykhka wkqj we,Sï" .eàï isÿùu'
9' ys;j;=kaf.a fkd .e,fmk l%shdfjda'
10'wys;j;=kaf.a úIu l%shfjda'
fun÷ ixlg wjia:djkays kshu ;;= f;areï lr .ekSug
fkd yelsùfuka Tjqka úm;g jefgkq n,d fodia k.d ;j ;j;a
fm<kakg fkd hd hq;=h' Tjqka yg wjáka ,efnk msgqjy, úYd,
m%fhdack ie,fik nj ie,lsh hq;=h'
fhda.djprhdg ;udf.ka ,efnk Wmldrh'
boaêmdo O¾uhkaf.a n,h" Yla;sh mqÿu iys; h' Ndjkd
ukisldrh ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSu i|yd Èß ork fhda.djprhd
yg ;u bÈß .ukg m%;súfrdaë úúO isÿùïj,ska is; /l .ekSug
;udgu Yla;sh ie,fikafka ;ud ;=< ÈhqKqjg m;alr .kakd
boaêmdo O¾uhkaf.a n,fhks' tfyhska wms fï boaêmdo foaYkdjlg
is; fhduq lruq'
—pF;dfrd fu NsCLfj boêmdod Ndú;d nyq,l
S ;d uymM,d
fydJ;s uydksixid' l:x Ndú;dj NsCLfj pF;dfrd boêmdod
l:x nyq,l
S ;d uymM,d fydJ;s uydksixid' bO NsCLfj NsCLq
pJoiudêmOdkixLdriuJkd.;x boêmdox Ndfj;s"
 128
^w& b;s fu PfJod k p w;s,fS kd Núii;s'
^wd& kj w;sm..ysf;d Núii;s'
^we& kj wcCOJ;x iXÅfF;d Núii;s'
^wE& kj nysoOd úCÅfF;d Núii;s'
^b& mpPd mqfr i[[Sp úyr;s' h:d mqfr" ;:dmpPd' h:d
mpPd ;:d mqfr'
^B& h:d wfOd ;:d WoOx" h:d WoOx ;:d wfOd'
^W& h:d Èjd ;:d rF;x" h:d rF;sx ;:d Èjd'
^W!& b;sújfgk fp;id wmßfhdkfoOk immNdix ÑF;x
Ndfj;s'˜43
fï i|yka jQfha boaêmdohka ms<sn| foaYkd fm<ls' ixhqla;
ksldfha iDoaêmdo ixhqla;fha fï O¾u fldgi ms<sn| foaYkd
/fils' wNsO¾ufha iDoaêmdo úNx.fha yd úiqoaêu.a.fhao úNd.
/fil olakd ,efí' fuys b;d flá ye¢kaùfuls" olajkq ,nkafka'
ta fufiah (-
1' PJo boêmdoh
2' ÑF; boêmdoh
3' úßh boêmdoh
4' úuxid boêmdoh hk boaêmdo i;rhs'
boaê" mdo hk Yío foflys fjk fjk f;areï folla we;s
nj m<uqfjka isf;a ;nd.; hq;= h' thska —boaê˜ hkafkys f;areu
bcCOkh" iuDoaêh" ksIma ;a;h
s hkq h' —mdo˜ hkak fya;j
= " Wmldrh
hk woyia we;af;a h' tl, boaêmdo hkafkys iïmQ¾K woyi
kï iuDoaOùug Wmldr O¾ufhda hkq h' fuys iuDoaOùug kï
Yu: úo¾Ykd jYfhka ,efnk ta ta fhda. l%shd iuQyh ms<sn|
iuDoaOùug ksIam;a;shg Wmldr jk njh' ta ksIam;a;sh mia
wdldrfhlska meyeÈ,s fjhs'
43' ix' ks' mido lumk j.. 10 iqF;h
129
1' wNs[af[hH O¾uhka ms<sn| wNs[a[ ksIam;a;sh"
2' mß[af[hH O¾uh ms<sn| mß[a[ ksIam;a;sh"
3' myd;ín O¾uh ms<sn| m%ydK ksIam;a;sh"
4' iÉýld;ín O¾uh ms<sn| idlaId;alrK ksIam;a;sh"
5' Ndfj;ín O¾uhka ms<sn| Ndjkd ksIam;a;sh" hkqfjks'
fufia fï iiqfkys fhda. l¾ufhlska iuDoaOjk uyoa.;
f,daflda;;a r O¾u iuQyh idod .ekSug n,j;a Wmdh O¾u iuQyh
kï boaêmdo i;r hs' tkï Pkao ^n,j;a ´kElu&" Ñ;a; ^my<lr
.;a is;&" úßh ^W;aidyh& iy úuxid ^kqjK& hk O¾u i;r hs'
foaYkdfõ fuh i|yka jQfha —iudê mOdk ixLdr iuJkd.;˜
hk jpkh iu. h' tys —iudê˜ kï ÈhqKqjg m;a Ñ;af;l.a.;dj
h' —mOdk ixLdr˜ kï i;r iuHla m%Odk ùhH_h hs' tfia fyhska
iudêfhka yd ùhH_fhka n,j;a j fhÿkq Pkaoh PJo boaêmdoh hs'
iudêfhka yd ù¾hfhka n,j;a j fhÿkq is; - Ñ;a; boaêmdoh hs'
iudêfhka yd ù¾hfhka n,j;a j fhÿkq úßh - úßh boaaêmdoh hs'
iudêfhka yd ù¾hfhka n,j;a j fhÿkq kqjK ùuxid boaêmdoh hs'
lshd f;areu meyeÈ,s lr.; hq;= h'
fuys ,d fï woyi ksh;fhka is; ;nd.; hq;= h' tkï fï
OHdk yd ud¾. M, O¾u jk W;a;ß ukqIH O¾ufhda hka;ug
m%lD;sfhka ,efnk Pkaofhlska fyda ù¾hfhlska fyda isf;lska
fyda kqjKlska fyd w;am;a lr.; yels fkd fj;s' m,sfndaO
jYfhka bÈßm;a jk lsisu ndOlfhlska j<lajd,sh fkd fyk
wêm;sNdjhg m;a jQ PkaodÈfhlska u ,en.; yels fj;s' tfyhska
fï O¾ufhda wêm;s O¾u jYfhka u i,ld .; hq;= fj;s'
iDoaêmdohka jefvk lreKq 8 ls'
iDoaêmdohka ;udf.a ika;dkfhys jeä ÈhqKq lr.ekSug
uekúka ie,ls,su;a úh hq;= h' tajd bfíg jefvk O¾ufhda fkd
fj;s' nqÿka ry;=ka wd§ W;=ukag fïjd jeã we;s nj Tn okakjd
 130
we;' ry;=ka jykafia,d w;=frys uyuq.,ka ysñhkayg fïjd b;d
fyd¢ka ÈhqKjq g m;aj we;s j. ixhql;
a iÕsfha boaêmdo ixhql;
a fhys
i|yka ù we;' uq,ska i|yka l< 10 fjks iQ;%fhys jQ lreKq wg
wms h,s;a meyeÈ,s lr .ekSug W;aidy .ksuq' tys i|yka ÈhqKqjg
m;alr.; hq;= lreKq h'
thska whska l<hq;= lreKq fufiah'
1' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue w;s,Sk;dj ÿre l< hq;= h'
2' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue w;sm.a.ys; nj ÿre l< hq;= h'
3' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue wOHd;aufhys iÙÅ;a; nj ÿre l< hq;= h'
4' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue nysoaOd úlaÅ;a; nj ÿre l< hq;= h'
ÈhqKqjg m;alr.; hq;= lreKq kï (-
5' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue mÉPd mqfr i[a[d we;sj f.k úish
hq;= h'
6' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue Wv hg foflys iu is;a je úish hq;= h'
7' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue ? odj,a fol iu is;a je úish hq;= h'
8' iDoaêmdo i;frys ue újD; jQ fkd ne÷Kq m%Nd iys; is;a
we;s je úish hq;= h' hk i;r h'
fï lreKq wg fu;eka mgka meyeÈ,s lr,Sug W;aidy .ksuq'
fuys uq,a lreKq fmf<ys u meyeÈ,s fldg olajk ,oafoa fufiahs'
—fufia ms<sme§fuka udf.a Pkaoh w;s,Sk fkd jkafkah hhs
i,ld uekúka oek.; hq;= h' hkq m<uqjk lreK hs' th fmf<ys
ue meyeÈ,s j we;s ieá n,kak'
—l;fud p NsCLfj w;S,f S kd PfJod@ fhd NsCLfj PfJod
fldicc iy.f;d' fldicc iumhqfF;d whx jqpp;s NsCLfj
w;s,fS kd PfJod˜
—uyfKks" w;s,Sk jQ Pkoh ljf¾ o@ uyfKks" hï Pkaofhla
l=iS;lñka fhÿKq l=iS;lñka tl;= je ieÕù .sfha o" th w;s,Sk
PJoh hs lshkq ,efí'
131
fhda.djprhd l;a;l= uH;d l=i,ÉPJoh is; ;=< my< lrf.k
;udf.a mqreÿ lugyfkys fh§ lugyk fufkys flfrñka jdih
flfrhs' fufia ukisldrfhys fh§f.k jik Tyqg ksÈu;ska
ueéful=;a ke;s j is; lugykska msg mek" th is;g tmdlu
n,mdkd nj oek.kakg ,efn hs' fï oekSu w;euqkg a lugykska
msg mekak flfKys ue oefkhs' iuyreka yg ál fõ,djla miq jQ
úg oefkhs' lugyka fufkys lrkakg neiafia flf,iqkaf.a
ìysiqKq wd§kj rdYshla" ;ud yg u;a;g ,efnkakg we;s iir
ÿla /ila" is;g ;Èka ldjoaodf.k u h'
tfy;a fï Wkkaÿ is; iir mqreÿ wkqj f.ù hhs' tfyhska
fï isf;a ,Sk;dj jyd u f;areï f.k —fï ,Sk;dj h<s h<s;a
jeã.sh fyd;a iir ÿlska ksoyia jkafka flfia o@ i;r wmdfhka
ksoyia jkafka flfia o@˜ hk fï wdldrfhka is;g ;¾ckh fldg
h<s;a Pkaoh is;;
a <
= my< fldg f.k Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfohs'
fufia ál fõ,djla Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfok úg h<s;a uq,
§ fuka ue isf;ys ,Skdldrh my< fjhs' h<s;a fmr fia u wmdh
Nh bÈßm;a fldg flfrñka Pkaoh is; ;=< my< lr.kshs'
fuf,iska fudyqf.a fï ukisldr wjia:dj fldiÊch .ejiS.;a
fyhska fldiÊc iy.; fjhs' is; fldiÊch yd fh§u o fufia
ue hs' fufia fldiÊc iy.; Ndjh yd fldiÊc iïm%hqla; Ndjh
o Pkao iïm%hqla; isf;ys ,Sk;dj hs' boaêmdoh jeãug kï fï
,Sk;dj my< jk ieá uekúka f;areï f.k ta fya;= whskafldg
f.k w,Sk Ñ;a;hla È.g ue ÈhqKq lr.; hq;= h' fuhg i;r
iuHla m%Odk ù¾hh wdjYHl h' tfyhsks yeu boaêmdohla mdid
ue —mOdk ixLdr iuJkd.;˜ hkak fhdod olajk ,oafoa'
;jo fï ,Sk;djhg fya;= jQ fldiÊch yd iïm%hqla; is;
wÜG l=iS; j;a:q wkqj o my<ùug bv ;sfí' tn÷ wjia:dj, §
wÜG úßhdrïN j;a:qka is;a ;=< my< lr .ekafuka fuh bj;a
lr .ekSug fhda.djprhd isyskqjKska l%shd l< hq;= h'
 132
tys l=iS; j;a:q wg kï(
1' bOdjqfid NsCLqkd luux ld;nnx fyd;s" ;ii tjx fyd;s"
—luux fLd fu ld;nnx Núii;s' luux fLd mk fu
lfrdJ;ii lfhd lS,ñii;s' yJodyx ksmccdó˜ ;s" fid
ksmcc;s' k úßhx wdrN;s wmmF;ii mF;shd wkê.;ii
wê.udh" wijðl;ii ipýlsßhdh" box mGux l=i; S jF:q'
2' mqkpmrx wdjqfid NsCLqkd luux l;x fyd;s" ;ii tjx
fyd;s" —wyx fLd mk luux wldisx" luux fLd mk fu
lfrdJ;ii ldfhd lS,fJ;d" yJodyx ksmccdó˜ ;s' fid
ksmcc;s' k úßhx wdrN;s -fm- ipýlsßhdh" box ÿ;shx l=i;
S wFÓ lfmmd ksmcð;=x -fm- box wgGux l=i;
jF:q'
3' mqkpmrx wdjqfid NsCLqkd uf..d .J;fnnd fyd;s' ;ii
tjx fyd;s' —uf..d fLd fu .J;fnnd Núii;s u..x fLd mk
fu .pPx;ii ldfhd lS,ñii;s yJodyx ksmccñ˜ ;s fid
ksmcc;s' k úßhx wdrN;s' -fm- ipýlsßhdh box ;;shx l=i;s
jF:q'
4' mqkpmrx wdjqfid NsCLqfkd uf..d .f;d fyd;s' ;ii
tjx fyd;s" wyx fLd u..x w.udisx" u..x fLd mk fu
.pPx;ii ldfhd ls,fJ;d -fm- box p;=F:x l=i;
S jF:q'
5' mqkpmrx wdjqfid NsCLq .dux jd ks.ux jd msKvdh jrfkJ;d"
k ,N;s ÆLii jd mKS;ii jd fNdckii hdjoF:x mdßmQßx"
;ii tjx fyd;s' wyxfLd .dux jd ks.ux jd msKvdh prfJ;d
kd,F:x ÆLii jd mKS;ii jd fNdckii hdjoF:x mß mQßx ;ii
fu ldfhd lS,fJ;d' wluuf[[d yJodyx ksmccdñ -fm- box
m[pux l=i; S jF:q'
6' mqkpmrx wdjqfid NsCLq .dux jd ks.ux jd msKvdh prfJ;d
,N;s ÆLii jd mKS;ii jd fNdckii hdjoF:x mdßmQßx' ;ii
tjx fyd;s —wyx fLd .dux jd ks.ux jd msKvdh prfJ;d
133
wd,F:x ÆLii jd mKS;ii jd fNdckii hdjoF:x mdßmQßx'
;ii fu ldfhd .refld wluuf[[d udidÑ;x uf[[
yJodyx ksmccdñ -fm- box PgGx l=i;
S jF:q'
7' mqkpmrx wdjqid NsCLqfkd WmmfJkd fyd;s wmmuF;fld
wdndfOd ;ii tjx fyd;s' WmmfJkd fLd fu wmmuF;fld
wdndfOd" wFÓ lfmmd ksmcð;=x -fm- box iF; ux l=i;
s jF:q'
8' mqkpmrx wdjqid NsCLqfkd .s,dkdjqgÀf;d fyd;s' wÑr
jqgÀf;d f.,[[d;ii tjx fyd;s' wyx fLd .d,dkd jqgÀf;d'
wÑr jqgÀf;d f.,[[d;ii fu ldfhd ÿnnf,d wluuf[[d
S jF:q'
fuys f;areu fufiah' l=iS; lu is;g kef.kd ;eka wfgls'
thska m<uqfjks fofjks l=iS; j;a:q fol lrkakg we;s jevla
i,ld;a l<jev i,ld;a is;a ;=< my< jk fldaiÊch hs' fhda.
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fh§ jikakd lïudrdud;dfjka ñ§ úish
hq;= h' th m%:ufhka ue Y%oO
a lr .;hq;= lrefKls' kej; jevj,g
w;.eiSfuka o je<lS úish hq;= h' wjYHfhka u lrkakg jevla
bÈßm;a jqjfyd;a th is;g ks;r ks;r kef.k úg th o
m,sfndaOfhls' m,sfndaOh tlafld is;ska bj;a lr oeñh hq;= h'
ke;akï lugyk /flk f,iska thlr wjika lr oeñh hq;= h'
—ug;a jevla lrkakg ;sfí' th lrkakg .sh úg lhg mSvdfj
hs' tfyhska uu l,a we;sjue u|la ie;mS .ksñ˜ hs ie;fmhs'
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys is; fkd fhdohs' mudfjhs' fufia ke;skï"
jevla lr wjika jQ úg o" —uu jevla lf<ñ' ud jefvys fhÿKq
ksid lhg mSvd oekqKd" tfyhska u|la oeka ie;fmñ˜hs ksod.kshs'
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fkd fhfohs' mudfjhs' fï wjia:d fofla
§ ue l=iS; lñka is; ,Sk;djhg m;alr f.k msßfyhs' boaêmdohka
msßfy,d .ks hs' fuys § boaêmdohka jvd .kakg n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jk fhda . djprhd úis k a l<hq ; a f ;a úßhdrïN jia ; = fol
i,ldf.k is; fldaiÊcfhka uqod .ekSu hs' thka boaêmdohkaf.a
 134
jeãu isÿfjhs' tys § ie,lsh hq;f;a fufia hs' —ug jevla lrkakg
;sfí' th lrk úg ug Ndjkdfõ kshu f,iska fhfokakg bv
fkd ,efí' tfyhska l,a we;s je Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfoñ'
fjkodg jvd Ndjkdfõ fh§ boaêmdohka ÈhqKqjg m;alr .; hq;=
h' tfia u jevla wjika jQ úg o ie,lsh hq;af;a —ud jefvys
fhfooa § kshu f,iska Ndjkdfõ fh§ .;kqyqKq fyhska jev
wjika jQ oeka m<uq wvqmdvqj;a iß,k fia jeäfhka Ndjkd
ukisldrfhys fh§u iqÿiq h˜ hs is;g f.k Ndjkdfõ fh§
boaêmdohka ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSu hs'
;=kf
a jks yd isõfjks l=i;
S jia;= kï(- hkakg ;sfnk .uk
ie,lSfukq;"a .sh .uk ie,lSfukq;a isf;ys fldaiÊch my< lr
.ekSu hs' fufia my< fjkakg bv we;s ,Sk;dj boaêmdo ÈhqKj q g
ndOdfjls' .uka ms<n s |j ie,lsh hq;f
a ;a jev ms<ns | j ie,l+ wdldrh
ue hs' úßhdrïNhka i,ld f.k jev jeäfhka Ndjkd ukisldrfhys
fh§ fldaiÊchg bv fkd ;nd" ,Sk;dj is;k s a neyerfldg boaêmdohka
ÈhqKj q g m;a lr .ekSug Wkkaÿ úh hq;= h'
5-6 l=iS; jia;= kï (- l=ig iEfyk muK wdydr fkd
,eîu;a wdydr jeäùu;a hk fol h' fyd| fhda . djprhd
i,lkafka" —wo ug iEfyk ;rï wdydr ,enqfka ke;' tfyhska
oeka udf.a isrer ieye,a¨ h' oeka Ndjkd ukisldrhg iqÿiq h
hkqfjks' tfia i,ld l=iS;lu ue~f.k isf;a ,Sklug bv fkd
;nd boaêmdohka ÈhqKqjg m;alr .; hq;= h lshd h' wdydrh
iEfykakg ,enqK úg o Tyq úiska i,ld ne,sh hq;af;a fï
wdldrfhka ue hs'
7-8 fjks l=iS; jia;= kï (- iq¿ f,vla yg .;a wjia:dfõ yd
f,vla iqj jQ wjia:dfõ;a th u is; fldaiÊcfhka jid ;nd
.ekSu hs' tn÷ wji:dfõ kshu fhda.djprhd i,lkafka fï
yg.;a iq¿ wikSmh jeäjqjfyd;a Ndjkd ukisldrhg bv fkd
,efí' tfyhska oeka ue Ndjkdfõ fhfoñ hs W;aidy .ekSu;a
135
f,fvka ke.S isáúg f,v wji:dfõ § jQ mdvqj oeka u msßuid
.kafkñ hs W;aidh.ekSu;a thska boaêmdohka ÈhqKqjg m;alr
.ekSu;a iqÿiq h hkqfjks'
Pkaoh fldaiÊc iy.; ùfuka fufia ,Sk;dj isÿjk ieá
i,ld w,Sk;dfjka Pkao boaêmdoh ;ud f.a ika;dkfhys ÈhqKqjg
m;a lr .; hq;= h' fuys § fhda.djprhd ;uf.a ukisldrh uekúka
meje;aúh hq;= h' th wvqmdvq ùfuka fï ÈhqKqfõ ud¾.h je<lS
hkakg bv ;sfí'
—k p w;s m..ysf;d Núii;s˜ hkak Pkaofha msßySug fya;j
= k
fojk lreK hs' fï fhda.djprhd ;udf.a Pkaoh ys; weúiaiS hk
muKg jeä fkd l< hq;= nj i,lhs' 1-2 —l;fud p NsCLfj
w;sm..ysf;d PfJod" fhd NsCLfj PfJod WoOpp iumhqfF;d whx
jqpp;s' NsCLfjw;sm..ysf;d PfJod˜ hkqfjka fuh meyeÈ,s lrk
,§' WoaOÉph kï isf;a fkd ikaiqka nj hs'
Ndjkd ukis l drh ms < s n | bÈß.uk id¾:lùug
fhda.djprhdf.a is;a ;=< lreKq /ila u iïmQ¾K úh hq;= h' wdik
mßpfhka lh ilia úh hq;= h' ùhH_h iudêh;a iuÕ ÈhqKj q g
m;aúh hq;= h' fiiq bkaøhs hka o ÈhqKq ù tal;ajhlska fmkS isáh
hq;= h' fï lsi;
s a fkd o;a we;eï fhda.djprfhda blaukska OHdk"
ud¾. M, hk fï W;a;Í ukqIH O¾uhka w;am;a lr .ekSug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= fj;s'
;kslr blaukalñka isÿjkqfha fuys i|yka WoaOÉph hs'
th Pkaoh kslï wyl hdug fya;=jk n,j;a jrfols' fuhska
wdrlaId úhhq;= nj h fuys i|yka jkafka'
Pkaoh WoaOÉp iy.; jkafka fufiahs'(-
fhda.djprhd l=i,ÉPkaoh ish ika;dkfhys my< fldg
f.k lugyk uekúka fufkys lrñka jdih flfrhs' iudêfhka
f;dr j ùhH_h ks;r ks;r meje;aùu fya;= fldg f.k Tyqf.a
is; WoaOÉpfhys m;kh fjhs' is; úisfrhs' fkd ikaiqka lu n,
 136
mj;ajhs' we;eïyq fuh f;areï f.k thg ms<shï lrkakg fkd
oks ; s ' ths k a ñßls ñßlS ld,h f.j;s ' n,j;a fjfyig o
m;ajkakdy' ms<sfj; .ek o iel Wmojkakdy' fuh kshu f,iska
f;areï .;a fhda.djprhd jydu is; foi i,ld n,d WoaOÉpfhys
is; m;s; ù ;snk ieá i,ld uq,a lugyfkka is; bj;afldg
f.k l,ska mqreÿ l< nqoaOdkqiai;s" Oïudkqiai;s" ix>dkqiai;s"
lugyklg is; fhduqfldg Ñ;a; iïmyxikh fldg" thska isf;a
fkd ikaiqkalu bj;a ù .shmiq h<s;a mqreÿ lugykg ue is;
fhdod jdih flfrhs' Tyqg h<s;a fkd ikaiqkalu my< jkakg
bv ;sfí' tys § ms<smÈkafka fuf,ig u h' fufia fudyqf.a
Pkaoh keje; kej;;a WoaOÉpfhka weúiaiS mj;skd fyhska
WoaOÉp iy.; fjhs' Pkaoh w;s m.a.ys; fjhs' boaêmdo ;;a;ajhg
m;alr.; fkd fyhs' fï fojk lreK hs'
3' —k p wcCOF;x ixÅfF;d Núii;s˜" hkq ;=kajk lreK hs'
i;smÜGdk iQ;% wgqjdfõ úlaÅ;a; Ñ;a;hg mig Ñ;a;h hs o" ixÅ;a;
Ñ;a;hg ixl=Ñ; Ñ;a;hhs o i|yka lrk ,oafoa h' we;=<; ue
yels<S .sh is;g fï jyr hs' tfia fkd jk yeáhg Pkaoh ÈhqKjq g
m;alr.; hq;= nj h' fuys woyi jkafka' 1-3" —l;fud p NsCLfj
wcCOF;x ixÅfF;d PfJod˜ hkq th meyeÈ,s l< whqre hs'
ÈhqKqjg m;alr .; hq;= Pkaoh we;=<; ue yels<Shkafka
ÓkñoaO kSjrKh n,mEu fya;= fldgf.k h' lugykl is;
fhdod th fufkys lrñka jik úg" fkd oekS ue lugykska is;
neyerg jefghs' kskoa g jefghs' th n,j;a je meñKsúg m<uq
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhd lrkafka ta ksÈu;
fufkys lsÍu h' túg th ke;sj hhs' Yu: Ndjkdfjl fhfokakdg
tn÷ wkaoul fufkys lsÍula fkd ue;s fyhska l<hq;af;a kskao
wd nj f;areï f.k c,fhka uqyqK fidaodf.k" folka u|la weo"
mqyqKq l< nKmo álla iÊCOdhkd fldg kskao bj;a lr .ekSu
h' oj,a .;a wdf,dal i[a[djla wef;d;a th fufkys lsÍu o
ÓkñoaOh ÿre lr.ekSug Wmldr fjhs' fufia fldg h<s;a Pkaoh
137
u;=fldg f.k Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfohs' h<s;a kskao meñKs
úg uq,e § lshk ,o ms<sfj<ska lghq;= fldg ÓkñoaOh ÿrefldg
f.k" h<s;a Pkaoh Wmojdf.k Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfohs'
fufia fï fhda.djprhdf.a Pkaoh ks;r ks;r ÓkñoaOfhka
.ejiS .kakd fyhska ÓkñoaO iy.; kï fjhs' fuhska Tyqf.a
Pkaoh boaêmdo Ndjhg muqKqjd.; fkd yels fjhs' fuh f;areï
lrf.k È.g ue ÓkñoaOfhka fkd jevqKq Pkaohla mj;ajd .ekSug
W;aiy .;hq;= fjhs' tl, th boaêmdo Ndjhg m;ajk nj fuhska
myeÈ,s l< nj ie,lsh hq;=fjhs'
4' k p nysoOd úCÅfF;d Núii;s - neyer ldu wruqfKys
je§ Pkao iïm%hqla; Ñ;a;h ;nd .ekSu hs' lugyfkys is; fhdod
jik fhda.djprhdg fkdoekSu isyska ldu ix{djka o isf;ys
n,mdkafka h' túg bv ,enqKfyd;a n,j;a ldu ix{djka o
isf;ys my< jkakg bv ;sfí' úo¾Ykd fhda.djprhd fufkys
lsÍfuka th myiqfjka whskalr .kshs' thska fkd kej;S È.g u
mj;sf;d;a" Tyq úiska o" Yu: fhda.djprhd úiska o ldud§kjhka
yd wY=NdÈh fyda fufkys fldg is; h<s;a lugykg muqKqjd .;
hq;= h' h<s;a tfia ldudrïuKfhys jegqKfyd;a kej;;a tfia u
ms<smeo is; l¾ulaIu fldg f.k Pkaoh my< fldg f.k
lugyk fufkys lrhs' fufia È.ska È.g ldu wruqfKys is;
jefgk fyhska boaêmdo Ndjhg muqKj q d.; fkd yels fjhs' boaêmdo
Ndjhg muqKqjd .ekSug kï fufia Pkao iïm%hqla; is; neyer
wruqfKka /lf.k lugyfkys ue ;nd .; hq;= h' th meyeÈ,s
flf<a fufia h'
1-4 —l;fudj NsCLfj nysoOd úCÅfF;d PfJod@ fhd ys NsCLfj
PfJod nysoOd m[pldu .=fK wdrnN wkqùCLfF;d wkqúifgd whx
jqpp;s NsCLfj nysoOd úCLfF;d PfJod˜ hs uyfKks neyer úisÍ
.sh Pkaoh ljf¾ o@ uyfKks" hï Pkaofhla neyer mialï
.=fKys úisÍ .sfha o" tys me;sÍ .sfha o uyfKks" fï Pkaoh
neyer úlaÅ;a; jQfha h hkq ,efnhs'
 138
fufia w;s,Sk;dj" w;sm.a.ys;;dj" ixÅ;a;djh" úlaÅ;;dj
hk fodai i;frka is;y
a s Pkaoh fhdod /lf.k Ndjkd ukisldrh
mj;ajk fhda.djprhd yg ika;dkfhys ÈhqKqjg m;alr .; hq;=
;j;a fyd| .=Kfhda i;r fofkla jkakdy'
Tjqyq fufia h (-
1' —mpPd mqfr i[[ j úyr;s˜ - fmr miq tl iudk ix{djka
we;sj jdih flfrhs' th úia;r lf<a fufiahs'
—l:[[S NsCLfj NsCLq mpPd mqfr i[[S j úyr;s h:d
mqfr ;:d mpPd" h:d mpPd ;:d mqfr" bO NsCLfj NsCLqfkd
mpPd mqfr i[[d iq..yS;d fyd;s" iqukhsl;d iQmOdr;d
iqmmáúoOd m[[dh" tjx fLd NsCLfj NsCLq mpPd mqfr i[[d
úyr;s' h:d mqfr ;:d mpPd h:d mpPd ;:d mqfr'˜
—uyfKks fhda.djprhd iu ix{d we;s je f.k flfia jdih
flf¾ o@ m<uq hï fia o miqj o tfia h' miqj hï fia o m<uq j
o tfia h hkqfjks'
uyfKkss" fï iiqfkys uyK yg miq fmr ix{dj uekúka
.kakd ,ÿj mj;S o" uekúka i,lk ,ÿ je mj;S o" uekúka
fufkys lrk ,ÿ j mj;S o" m%{dfjka uekúka m%;sfõO lrk ,ÿ
je mj;S o" uyfKks" fufia jkdyS fmr hï fia o miq o tfia h' miq
hï fia o fmr o tfia h' hkqfjka miq fmr ix{d we;sj jdih
flfrhs'
fmr miq ix{dj hkqfjka olajkafka fmr mgka miqjg;a miqj
mgka fmrg;a uekúka mej;s ye¢kSu hs' fï fmr miq nj foaYkd
jYfhka kï tla l%ufhls' lugyk jYfhka kï fjk l%ufhls'
tys lugyk jyfhka fmr miq nj meyeÈ,s lruq' lugykg
we;=¿ùu mQ¾jh hs' thska ,en .; hq;= ry;a nj w.hs' ^miqjhs& ta
fufia hs - fhda.djprhd uQ, l¾uia:dkfhlska úo¾Ykdjg we;=¿
ù" ukis l drh uekúka f.k hñka Pka o iïm% h q l a ; is ;
w;S,kS ;dfjka j<ld" w;sm.a.ys;;dfjkq;a j<ld" we;=<; yels,S
139
.sh neúkq;a j<ld" neyer úlaIm s ;
a Ndjfhkq;a j<ldf.k" l=¿
f.dkqka ne| yiqrejkakdla fuka o isjq /ia>áldjla me;s i;ßka
tla me;a;l o fkd .gd niaikakdla fuka o" i;r ;ekska tl
;ekl fkd r|d ixLdrhka iïu¾Ykh fldg ry;a njg m;afjhs'
fï f;fï o —h:d mqfr ;:d mpPd˜ kï fjhs' wNskf s õYfha mgka
jqÜÀkh olajd jerÈ me;s i;ßka fkd ls,á s je wjika l< fyhsk's
foaYkdj wkqj mÉPd mqfr Ndjh fufiahs (- tys oaj;a;Sxidldr
lugyfkys —flid˜ mQ¾j hhs weröuhs' tys uF:¨x.h mYapd;a kï
fjhs' fï wkqj fhda.djprhd flaYfhka úo¾Ykdjg we;=¿ ù j¾Kd§
jYfhka flaid§ fldgia jHdjia:d flfrñka ukisldrh mj;ajd
f.k f.dia fï lsi; s efkl § w;s,kS ;d§ ;eka i;ßka tllskÿq
úm%ldrhg m;a fkd ù uF:¨x.h olajd Ndjkdj muqKj q d mj;ajhs
kï" fï fmr hï fia o" miq tfia hhs lshhq;= jkafka h' mgka
.ekafï mgka w. olajd tfia hhs lshhq;= jkafka h' mgka .ekAfï
mgka w. olajd Pkaoh w;,Sk;d§ i;rg wkqje fkd flf,ikq
fyhsks'
2' by< fia my<;a my< fia by<;a iu je ukisldrh mj;ajñka
jdih lsÍu( fï by< my< fNaoh .kafka YÍrh wkqj h'
tfyhska u th meyeÈ,s fldg oelaùfï § —WoOx mdo;,d wfOd
fli uF:ld˜ hkd§ka foiQ fial' fuys fohdldrhlska Ndjkdj
iïmQ¾K flfrhs' fo;sia fldgi wkqj uq, mgka w.g;a" w. mgka
uq,g;a w;s,k S ;d§ ia:dk i;frka tll fyda fkd /|S Ndjkdj
uqÿka muqKqjd,Su tla l%ufhls' wfkla l%uh kï" md weÕs,s
w.mqreflys wegfha mgka f.k ysia ln, olajd o" ysia lnf,a mgka
weÕs,s weg olajd o ukisldrh meje;aùfï § w;s,Sk;d§ i;r
me;af;ka tl me;a;l fyda fkd /|S Ndjkdj uqÿka muqKj q d,Suh'
weg /i hg mgka Wvg;a" Wv mgka hgg;a i,lkafka fufia hs (-
weÕs,s mqrela weg" ú¿ï weg" f.dma weg" flKavd weg" l,jd weg"
là weg" msglgq weg" f., weg" ysil a n,a weg hk ms<j
s <g h'
 140
3' 1-7 uyfKks" fhda.djprhd oj,a fia /h;a" /h fia ojd,;a
boaêmdohka jefvk fia flfia jdih flf¾ o@ fï iiqfkys
fhda.djprhd hï fldgilska" hï igyfklska" hï jegySulska
oj,ays Pkao iudêfhka yd m%Odk ixLdr hkaf.ka hq;a boaêmdoh
jvhs o" fyf;fï ta fldgiska ta igykska ta jegySfuka /h o
Pkao iudê m%Odk ixLdrfhka fhkq;a boaêmdoh jvhs' hï
fldgilska" hï igyfklska" hï jegySfulska /fhys Pkao iudê
m%Odk ixLdrfhka hq;a boaêmdoh jvhs o" fyf;u ta fldgiska ta
igykska oj,ays o Pkao iudê m%Odk ixLdrfhka hq;a boaêmdoh
jvhs' uyfKks" fhda.djprhd oj,a fia /h o" /fhys fia oj,a o
fufia boaêmdohka jvñka jdih flfrhs'
fuhska meyeÈ,s jk woyi fufia hs (- fhda.djprhd lugyka
wruqfKys is; fhdod f.k fufkys flfrñka jdih flfrhs'
we;eï úg Tyqf.a fufkys lsÍu oj,a ld,fhys w;ßka m;r
w;S,sk;dÈh ksid leã hkakg mq¿jk' uekúka l%ufhka blauka
fkdù isysfhka iïmc[a[fhka hq;=j ioaOd§ bkaøsh O¾uhka
ÈhqKqjg m;a fldg .;a fhda.djprhd Wfoa wjÈùfï wjia:djh hs
fjkafldg oelaúh fkdfyk fia lugyfkys is; fhdodf.k
jdih lrkafka w;s,Sk;d§ i;r wjia:djkg wiqfkdù f.k h'
uq¿ oj,a ld,fha ue msKavmd;h i|yd .uk" kEu" okaje<§u"
wkqka yuqùu hk fï yeu l%shdjla ue fufia w;S,Sk;d§ i;r
m,sfndaOhkg wiq fkdjk fia fuekúka isÿ flfrhs' fufia oj,a
ld,fhys uekúka isÿfldg" ? ld,fhys ,Sk;dÈhg wiqù kï" fï
;=kajk wjia:dj iïmQ¾K jkafka ke;' rd;S% ld,fhys fuka oj,a
ld,fhys;a" oj,a ld,fhys fuka rd;%S ld,fhys;a iuje w;s,Sk;d"
w;s m.a.ys;a;d" ixÅ;a;;d" úlaÅ;;d hk i;r me;a;g wiqfkdù
uekúka Ndjkd ukisldrh mj;ajd ,kakg yels fjf;d;a fuys
i|yka l< boaêmdo ÈhqKqj ie,iqfKah hs kshufhka lsh hq;= h'
fun÷ wjia:djlg m;afjk fhda.djprhkq;a weoaoe hs iel fkd
l< hq;= h' isá;s'
141
4' 1-8 uyfKks" fhda.djprjrhd flfia kï lsif s jlska fkd
ne÷Kq msßisÿ je t<sù.sh is;ska hq;= je m%Nd iys; jQ is; jvkafka
o@ uyfKks" fï nqÿiiqfkys fhda.djprhd wdf,dal ix{dj uekúka
mqyqKq fjka .kakd ,o o" Èjd ix{dj uekúka mqyqKqfjka msysgqjd
.kakd ,o o" uyfKks" fufia jkdys fhda.djprhd lsiÿs ndOdjlska
fkd ne÷kq t<sfmfy<s jQ is;ska hq;= je m%Nd iys; is; jvhs'
^immNdix ÑF;x Ndfj;s'&
fï iQ;% m%foaYfhys w¾:h meyeÈ,s lr .ekSug fuys ue w.
fh§ we;s —immNdix ÑF;x Ndfj;s˜ hkak ue Wmldrhg .; ukd
fjhs' m%Ndj iys; jQ is;la jeãug fyj;a is; m%Ndjfhka iukaú;
lr.ekSug Wmldrl O¾uhka —wdf,dl i[[d iq..ys;d fyd;s˜
hkd§ka oela jQ nj o i,ld.; yels fjhs' is; m%Nd iys; lr.ekSfï
wjYH;dj olajd ke;;a wgqjdfjka th ÓkñoaO úfkdaokhg
fya;=jk nj meyeÈ,s fjhs'
fufia ish,a, tl;= fldg i,lk úg" boaêmdofha ÈhqKqjg
mgyeKs jQ we;=<; ÓkñoaOfhka yels<S .;a is; thska j<ld,kakg
fï imamNdi is; jeäh hq;= nj ks.ukh l< fkdfykafka ke;'
is; m%Ndiys; lr .ekSug wdf,dal ix{dj;a" Èjd ix{dj;a W.;
hq;= nj;a uekúka msyg
s j
q d .; hq;= nj;a fuys i|yka fjhs' wdf,dal
ix{dj;a" Èjd ix{dj;a folu tlla nj wgqjdj lshhs' wdf,dal
ix{dj is;a ;=< my< lr.kakd ms<sfj< fufia h (-
fhda.djprhd t<suyka fmfofil ys|f.k wdf,dalh foi
n,df.k l,af.jhs' l,la weia o,ajdf.k o" l,la weia mshd f.k
o bkakd Tyqg weia mshd.;a úg;a" weia o,ajd .;a;yqg fuka ue
iudk je wdf,dalh jegfya kï th wdf,dal ix{dj yg.;a wjia:dj
hs' th fyd|g mqyK
q q ù hhs lsh hq;f
a ;a rd;%f
S hys o tfia u oefkk úg
h' ijdêgÀ; kï uekúka wêIaGdkh lrk ,oao h' uekúka ;nk
,oao h' uekúka mqyK q q jg m;a lrk ,oaod jQ hï wdf,dalfhlska
;ud ;=< my< jQ ÓkñoaOh ÿrefldg Pkaoh Wmojdf.k lugyk
 142
fufkys flfrhs kï Tyqg Èjd iufhys o wdf,dal ix{dj iq..
a yS;
hhs ls h hq ; = h' rd;% S iufhys fyda Èjd iufhys fyda hï
wdf,dalfhlska Wmka ÓkñoaOh ÿrefldg lugyk fufkys flrhs
kï ÓkñoaOh ÿrelrk wdf,dalfhys Wmka ix{dj iq..yS;
wdf,dl ix[[d kï fjhs'
fuys olajk ,oafoa wNs{d ih ,nd .ekSug mdol boaêmdo
fyhska fm< wkq.ukh lrk ,oafoa Yu:h nj ie,lsh hq;= h'
úia;rfha § úo¾Ykd fhda.djprhkaf.a o m%fhdackh i|yd úo¾Ykd
ukisldrhg wod< W.ekaùï o olajkakg isÿúh' fuys wka;su
fldgfiys ÓkñoaOh ÿre lr.ekau i|yd wdf,dal ix{dj olajk
,oa f oa o tfyhs k s ' úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ukis l drfhys fhfok
fhda.djprhdf.a i;s iïmc[a[h uekúka mj;skjd kï" iudêh
fyd| kï fufkys lsÍï ud;%fhka u ÓkñoaO kSjrKhka ÿre
lr.; yelsfjhs' kskoa o fufkys lsÍfuka ke;s ù hk nj ie,lsh
hq;= h' úo¾Ykdfõ fhfok fhda.djprhd yg úo¾Ykd n,fhka ue
wdf,dalhla my< jk ieá o m%ios Oa h'
úßh boaêmdo" Ñ;a; boaaêmdo" ùuxid boaêmdo hk fï boaêmdo
;=k ms<sn|j o ish¨ úia;r yd meyeÈ,s lsÍï o fuys olajk ,o
l%uhka wkqj i,ld f;areï .; hq;= h' úo¾Ykd fhda.djprhkg
o boaêmdohka wdjYHl nj uq, § meyeÈ,s lrk ,§' tfyhska ;ud
f.ka ue ;ud ,nd.; hq;= jk Wmldrh kï fï whqfrka
boaêmdohka ;u ika;dkfhys ÈhqKj q g m;alr.ekSu nj úfYaIfhka
i,ld n,d ta fY%AIaG iDoaêmdohka l%ufhka ;ud ;=< ÈhqKq lr
.ekSug fhda.djpr msxj;=ka W;aidy .; hq;= h' fhda.djprhdg
;udf.ka ,efnk Wmldrh fuh hs'
143
4
úo¾Ykd ldKavh'
wkdÈu;a ld,h;a ;=< flf,iqkaf.ka ,enqKq mSvd úm;a;Ska
.Kkska olajd,sh fkd yels h' ;djld,sl j fï flf,ia hgm;a
lrk wjia:djka folla ^rEmdjpr yd wrEmdjpr& ms<sn|j h
fuhg uq,ska i|yka lf<a' ta hglsÍu §¾> ld,Sk jqj;a yeuodu
tajd hgm;a fkdù hkq we;' tfia kï tajd mek ke.Sug iqÿiq
lreKq bÈßm;a jk úg h<s;a u;=ù mSvd lrkakg úm;a idod fokakg
ierfik nj lsj hq;= fkd fõ'
ud¾. M, ,eîfuka ie,fikqfha iodld,slj flf,ia n,h
is| oeóu h' thska ,efnk iekis,a, o iodld,sl h' th isÿjkqfha
f,daflda;a;r n, Yla;sh ie,iSfuks' th i|yd Wmfhda.S jkqfha
úo¾Ykd Ndjkd l%uh hs' fï úo¾Ykd l:dj ta i|yd h'
uekúka mqreÿ l< i;s iïmc[a[h we;s fhda.djprhd yg
fkd jer§ wdksixi /fila u ,efnkafka fjhs'
1' Ndjkd ukisldrh mj;ajkafka ixialdr O¾uhka wruqKq
lrf.k h' tfia ixialdr O¾uhka wruqKg f.k ukisldrfha
fhfok úg" uq,k s a is;g ,efnkafka m%{ma;s h ^iïuq;&s hs' i,,CLK
kï jQ fï ukisldr Ñ;a; mrïmrdj fïÍug m;a jk l,ayS"
m%{ma;sh ìof.k" mrud¾:h u;=jkakg mgka .kshs' tl,ays
fhda.djprhd yg jeäfhka my< jkafka ,CLKdruuKsl úmiikd
is;a iuQyh hs' túg ixialdr O¾uhka ms<sn| je mppF; ,CLKh
yd idu[[ ,CLKh o m%lg ù oefkkakg mgka .kshs' fïjdg
wNs[[d [dK - mß[[d [dK hk kï jHjydr lrkq ,efn;s'
 144
fï Ñ;a; mrïmrdjka ks;r ks;r my<jk ika;dkfhl Yla;sh
o Wiia fjhs' fïjd ;ss% fya;=l l=Y, cjkfhda h' ta cjkhkaf.a
ÈgGOuufjoksh jdrh b;d §ma;su;a je fï wd;aufhys úmdl
fok iq¿ fjhs' fuh Wiia ue ,dNfhls'
2' úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ukisldrh wdrïN lrk fhda.djprhd
m%;sM, .ek is; fhÈh hq;= fkd fõ' m%ÓM,hka .ek úYajdih
;sìh hq;= h' tfy;a ta m%ÓM,hka .ek wdYd nkaOkh ydkslr h'
uekúka Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfokakd yg wdrïNfha mgka ue
ika;dkfhys m%;sM,fhda tla /ia jkakdy' tajd Tyqg f;areï .;
yels jkafka Ndjkd l%shdfõ ;rula wE;g .uka lsÍfï§ h'
3' Ndjkd ukisldrfha myiqj l%ufhka bfí u isÿfjhs'
wjáka .,d tk ú;¾l id.rh u|la fyda ue~ .kakg mq¿jkaùu
n,j;a u Yla;shls' fï wkqj my< jk ùÓ miaioaê wdÈhg fkd
/jà" ukisldrfha fhfof;d;a ;j ;j;a úfYaI ,dN rdYshlg
ysñlï lSug yels jkafka h'
lreKq fufia fyhska m%ÓM,hka .ek fkd i,ld ukisldrh
lv fkd fldg lrf.k hdug wjjdo lrñ'
4' ;jo Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfokakd úfYaI .=K rdYshla
;ud ;=< h;akfhka my< lr.; hq;= h' ;udf.a mq¿jkalï ymkalï
wkqj k.sk w;a;=lalxikh o" wkqka my;a fldg ie,lSu fyda
m%ldY lsÍu jk mrjïNkh o ;ukaf.a is; ;=< my< fjkakg
bv fkd Èh hq;= h'
5' Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhfok fndfyda fokdg ta Ndjkdj
;rula ÿrg ÈhqKq me;a;g yefrk wjia:dfõ ;ud ;=< my< ù
we;s Yla;sh .ek ie,lSfuka ;udg Wmfoia fok .=rejrhkaf.a
oekqï miq lrf.k ;udf.a oekSu ÈhqKq ù we;s nj o jegfykakg
mgka .kshs' thska fyf;u uq<d fõ jefghs' Wmfoia .ek ;elSu
wvqfjhs' f;fï o fkdfhla úÈfha w;ayod ne,Sï wdÈfhys fhfohs'
we;eï úg .=rejrhdf.a WmfoaYhg jvd ;ud i,ld.;a WmfoaYh
145
w¾: idOl nj fmfkhs' fuhska fyf;fï jerÈ ye.Sula my<lr
.kshs' —oeka ug .=rekaf.a WmfoaY wjYH ke;'˜ hkqfjks' fï
mqoa.,hd o blaukska msßfyhs'
6' fhda.djprhka ;=< fndfyda úg uq,a ld,fha § ú;¾l
ksid ukisldrhg n,j;a ndOd my< fjhs' fkd is;+ wkaofï
ú;¾l bÈßm;a ù Ndjkd ukisldrhg yria ù ndOlj mj;s hs'
we;eï úg fï ú;¾l we;euqka yg tla;rd fõ,djl jeä jeäfhka
my< jkakg mgka .kshs' fï ú;¾l meñKs miq j<lajd .ekSu
myiq ke;' lugyka kj;ajd tysu is;a fhdod f.k bkakg isÿjkq
we;s' fuh fyd¢ka ie,lsh hq;= ;efkls' fuys uq,a je/oao ;ud
fkd oks;;a ;ud wf;a u h ú;¾lhla jYfhka hï is;sú,a,la
my<jk úg u" fkd i,ld yeÍu" thg bv §u" tla;rd wdYajdohla
thska .ekSu thg hï;ï fyda i;=gqùu hk fï jerÈ Tyqf.ka
isÿfjhs' fïjd jerÈ hhs Tyqg fkd jegfyhs' tfyhska thg bv
,eîfuka th ÈhqKqjg m;afjhs' wka;sufha § kj;ajd .ekSug
h;akhla l<;a th o wid¾:l fõ' fkd fhla f,iska fmf<kakg
isÿùu fyda Ndjkdj kj;ajd isákakg fyda isÿùu fuys m%ÓM,h
hhs' tfyhska m<uqfjka u ú;¾lhkg bv fkd ,efnk f,ig
mßiaiï ùu iqÿiq h'
fuhg l< hq;= m%;sl¾uh'-
fï úÈfha ú;¾l ks i d mS v d fkd ú|s k a k g kï i;s h ;a
iïmc[a[h;a fyd|g ;ndf.k ta wkqj isysh;a kqjK;a fhdod,Su
m%Odk u m%;l
s ¾uh hs' iq¿ fyda m%udohla fya;= lrf.k h ú;¾lhka
;uka yg bv ,nd.kafka' i;s iïmc[a[h ;sfnk ;ek m%udohg
bv ke;' tfyhska ú;¾lfhda wêm;s lï fkd lr;s' mskaj;a
fhda.djprh" Tn u fuh uekúka i,ld n,kak'
fojk jro kï my< jQ ú;¾lhg bv§u h' tkï ta .ek
tla;rd wkaoulska i;=gq is;la my< lr.ekSu h' fuhska n,h
,enQ ú;¾lh kej; kej; o my< jkakg mgka .kshs' thska
 146
mgka .;a fyd| ú;¾ldj,sh wka;sug krl w;g yeÍ hhs' h<s;a
ú;¾lh n, md kï" kqjK fhdod uekúka fufkys l< hq;= h'
kqjK fhdod uekúka fufkys lsÍu kï my< jQ ú;¾lh;a ta
iïnkaO is;;a wd§kj iys; je ie,lSu tla l%uhls' wfkla
l%uh kï" ta úÈfha ú;¾lhla my<ùug fya;=j ie,lSu h' ta
fya;=j jQ is;sú,sj,g fya;=j fufkys lsÍu hkd§ l%ufhka uq,
olajd fufkys lr f.k hdu h' fufia fufkys lrf.k hkakdyg
.,df.k .sh ú;¾l Odrdj kj;skakg mq¿jk' fufia;a ta ú;¾l
fkd ixis÷fka kï mdvï we;s O¾u fldgila iÊCOdhkd l< hq;=
h' fkdfhla úofha oyï fldgia i|yka w;afmd; t<shg f.k
tys i|yka nqÿ.=K wdÈh ;rula y~ k.d iÊCOdhkd l< hq;= h'
l=vd j;la ms<fj;la i,ld n,d thg u is; fhdod lrf.k hd
hq;= h' f,dl= jevg w;.eiSu fyd| ke;' fï l%uhka wkq.ukh
lsÍfuka blaukska u .,k ú;¾l Odrj kej;S hkq we;' is;
;ekam;a ùfuka ;u wNsu;d¾: isoaêh uqÿka m;a fjkjd we;'
is;a ;=< my< jk úúO isÿùï (-
;jo" we;eï úfgl fhda . djprhdf.a is f ;a mq ÿ u
wdldrfhka úúO isÿùï my< fjhs' we;eï úfgl kej;S ;sîu
isÿfjhs' we;eï úfgl by<hdu o" my; jeàu o isÿfjhs' fï
isÿùï ms,sn| j l,a we;s je fhda.djprhd f;areï f.k úish hq;=
h' thska isf;a my< jk fkd ikaiqka .;sj,g bv fkd ,efí'
fuhska m<uq fldg isf;a jeàfï iajNdjh .ek hï lsisjla
lsjhq;= h' flf,iqka yd uqiq jQ is;ú
= ,s fhda.djprhd yg mßydkslrh'
we;eï úg mskalï iajrEmfhka fïjd my< fj;s' we;eï úg b;d
ishqï f,iska my< fj;s' ljr l%uhl fyda tn÷ is;a mej;=ula
my< jqjfyd;a ta fhda.djprhdf.a is; mqÿu f,iska fkd is;+
wka o fuls k a ms ß yS hhs ' fï is ÿ ùu Wiia fhda . djprhkg o
lïudrdu;d" ix.KSldru;d" frda.s;d§ jYfhka m%udofha jeàu
fya;=fldg f.k ,efí'
147
Tyqg th h<s;a uq,a ;;a;j
a hg .ekSu ÿIalr ldhH_fhla fjhs'
Tyqg fndfyda l,la ;efjkakg o isÿfjhs' tfia fyhska ;ud ,nd.;a
.=Kh fkdmudj /l .ekSu yeufokd úiska u W;aidy .;hq;= nj
ie,lsh hq;= h'
isf;a my; jeàfï iajNdjh f;areï.ekSu wmyiq ke;ehs
is;ñ' kej;S hdu o we;eï fhda.djprhkaf.a jev wkqj olskakg
,eî ;sfí' fuh lugyka fufkys lsÍfï l%uh jrojd .ekSfuka
fnfyúka isÿjkq olakg ,efí' th ksis whqßka mj;ajk úg"
kqjK fufyhjd,Sfuka fufkys lrk úg bÈß .uk uekúka
isÿfjhs' Wkkaÿfõ muKg jev ke;sùu o ;j;a lreKls'
w;S; Njhkays ;nd.;a me;=ï o we;euqkaf.a Ndjkdfõ bÈß
.uk je<lS hdug fya;=jk ieá olakd ,efí' tn÷ kej;=ï
úo¾Ykd {dkh ÈhqKqjg f.dia ixLdrefmlaLd wjia:dfõ § h
,efnkafka' tys § tn÷ isÿùï ;SrKh lr .ekSu wmyiq ke;' ta
mqoa.,hdg ue tys ;;= uekúka t<sfmfy,s ù hk fyhsks'
wêIaGdkdÈh thg Wmldr lr.; yels h'
fï Njfha § fyda w;S; Njfhl § fyda nqÿrcdKka jykafia
flfrys o" kjf,djq;=rd oyï flfrys o" mhH_dma;s O¾uh flfrys
o" m%;sm;a; O¾uh flfrys o" wdhH_ ix>hd flfrys o" ;ukaf.a
lhska o" jpkfhka yd is;ska o hk ;=ka fodßka isÿ jQ hïlsis
jrola we;akï thg Wmjd o wka;rdh l¾uh hs lshkq ,efí' th
;=kqrejka yd .=Kj;=ka o lud lrjd .ekSfuka ikais§ hhs' ndOdj
u.yefrhs' bÈß .uk ie,fihs'
is; yex.S .kakd ieá'
fkd miqng ùhH_fhle fh§ Ndjkd ukisldrfhka miqj
fhda.djprhd l¾uia:dkdpdhH_hka jykafia fj; meñK fufia
lshhs (-
—iajdñka jykai" l,ska udf.a Ndjkdj fyd¢ka mej;=Kd
Wohính {dkh my< jqKd' bkamiq NXx. {dkh;a my< jqKd'
 148
B<Õg ixLdrefmla L dj;a my< jq K d' oeka Wohính oekS
ixLdrefmlaLdjg f.dia kej;S ;sfnkjd' thska tmsgg fufkys
lsÍug is;j;a wiqfjkafka keye'˜
wdpdhH_hka jykafia Tyqf.a l¾uia:dkh Y=oaO lr §ug fufia
úuid n,hs'
l¾u - Tng Wohính fyd¢ka jegyqKd o@
fhda - tfyuhs" fyd|g jegyqKd'
l¾u - ta fldfydu o@ Wohính jegyqfKa@
fhda - wdkdmdk fol leä leã hkjd ÿgqjd'
l¾u - tmuK o@
fhda - keye" Nx. {dkh;a oelald'
l¾u - tmuK o@
fhda - l,ska ;j;a isÿùï ÿgqjd'
wdÈkj {dk - Nh {dk'''''
l¾u - mskaj;" Tn mj;ajdf.k hk lugyka jev ms<sfj< lSm
m<lska msßisÿ lr .ekSug isÿù we;s nj i,lkak' tys §
uq,ska u is;g .; hq;af;a úo¾Ykd ukisldrfha fhfok
fhda.djpr mskaj;dg tys ,efnk {dkhka ;SrKh lsÍu
kqiqÿiq nj hs' ;ud weiqre lrk .=re;=ud th ;SrKh
lrkjd we;s' iqÿiq úgl § tajd meyeÈ,s lr fokjd we;'
—.=re flfkl=ka ke;sj tl,dj Ndjkd ukisldrfha
fhfokakd .ek flfia o@˜ hkqfjka fuys § m%Yakhla
u;=fjkjd we;'
thg ms<s;=r ( Tyq tl,dj Ndjkdjg neiafia tn÷ ;SrKhla lr
.ekSug iu;a fyhsk's Tn jekakka tfia fkd jk nj ;Èka is;g
.; hq;h
= s hkq hs' tfia u Tn is;d f.k ;SrKh lr.;a Wohính
{dkh o kshu Woh jh {dkh fkd fõ' th ixialdr fldgil
Woh jh fol ms<sn| oekSï ud;%fhls' kshu Wohính {dkh
iïmQ¾Kùu fkd kj;ajd uekúka Ndjkd ukisldrfha § u;=jg
isÿùug bv ;sfí'
149
;jo" úo¾Ykd {dkhka my<ùfï § uq, isg l%ñlj tlska
tl Wmldr ,eîfuka fya;=M, iïnkaOfhka w¾:j;a njg m;aùu
fjhs' uq,ska tl {dkhla jrl § u;=fjhs' B<Õg w;rl § fojkqj
,efnk {dkhl Pdhdj fmfkhs' w;r fjk;a is;sú,s ksid ke;sù
;snqKd' tfyhska fuh kshu {dkh úh fkd yels h'
kdurEm mrÉfþo {dkh wdldr oyhlska mssÍfuka B<Õ
mÉph mß.a.y {dkh u;=fjhs' th msÍfuka iïuik {dkh
u;=fjhs' th;a msÍfuka Wohính {dkh u;=fjhs' th msÍfu;a
Nx. {dkh u;=fjhs' ó<Õg Nh" wd§kj" ksíìod" uq[aÑ;=luH;d"
máixLd hk fï {dkhka u;= ù msÍfuka ixLdrefmlaLdj my<
jkafka wka;su jrg h'
fuys§ uq,ska i|yka l<" kdu rEm mßÉfþo {dkh u;=jk
úg Tyqf.a oekSu m<uq mgka.;a ieáfhka wdkdmdk fol tlska
tlg fjka ù" tlla ;=< fjka fjka j jegySï we;sj oekSu u;=úh
hq;= h' thg wk;=rej thg iïnkaO mGú-wdfmda-f;afcda-Od;=
fldgia tlska tl fjka fjka ù kqjKg wiq ù u;=úh hq;= h' thska
miq ialkaO l+vjq g u iïnkaOj we;s rEm O¾uhka yd kdu O¾uhka
o tl;= ù u;=ù oekSug wiqúh hq;= h' fufia kdurEm mßÉfþo
{dkh iïmQ¾K fjhs'
oeka Tyqf.a tl.a.;dj o iïmQ¾K hhs lsh hq;= h'
ta fufia hs (-
w;S;hg Èùu ke;'
wkd.;hg Èùu ke;
rd.fhka we,Sï ke;
oafõIfhka .eàï ke;'
ÓkñoaOfhka yels<Sï ke;
WoaOÉpfhka úisÍï ke;'
bkaøsh O¾uhka tal ri ù we;' ^ioaOd - úßh - i;s -iudê
m[a[d hk bkaøshhfhda tl l%shdjlska iïnkaO ù we;'& fuys
 150
i|yka ioaOd-m[a[d iy iudê-úßh hk hq., O¾u iuj jeã
we;' thg iqÿiq úßh meje;S we;' kej; kej; iudêh wruqfKa
meje;Sfuka wdfiajkh isÿ ù we;'
fï wx. oyh iïmQ¾K ùfuka iudê Ñ;a;fha ÈhqKj q ie,ish
hq;= h' fï wjia:djg m;a is; wOHd;auhg fhduqlrk úg o i;a;j a jykafia foaYkd l< ;smßjÜg foaYkdj fufia hs (-
mqo.
a , uu;ajfhka fjkaj kdurEm ixLdr rdYshla f,ig jegySu
isÿúh hq;= h' msg;g is; fhduq lrk úg o tfia úh hq;= h' fï kdu
rEm mßÉfþo {dkfha iajrEmh hs' fuhska ÈÜÀ úiqoê a h ie,fia'
fï oelajQ woyia wkqj ie,lSfuka mÉph mß.a.y [dKdÈh
u;=j m%lg jk ieá;a" th iïmQ¾K jk ieá;a iqÿiq fia f;areï
.; hq;= fjhs'
ó<Õg Tfí isf;a ;;a;j a h .ek is;d n,uq' f,dl= wvqmdvqjla
ksid Tfí is; ÿn, .;shlg jeà we;s ieá fmfkhs' Ndjkd
ukisldrhg ´kElu ;sfnoa§ u fufia Ndjkd wruqfKa is; fkd
me;sfrkafka hï lsis ÿn,;djhg is; jeà hdu fya;=fldg f.kh'
fï fya;=j úuid oek.; hq;= h' wi,a,Sk kï isf;a fkd ieÕjQ
nj hs' oeka fï isÿ ù ;sfnkafka i,a,Sk Ndjh hs' is; yex.S hdu
hs' ,Sk ùu hs' ixfldapkh hs' oeka l< hq;af;a m%idoh;a ixfõ.h;a
jefvk wkaoug nqoaOdkqiai;s urK i;s lugyka w¨;a lrf.k
ukisldrh m<,a lr .ekSu hs'
mGú Od;=" wdfmda Od;= hk fldgia kej; kej; i,ld
ne,Su plaLq ú[a[dKd§ ú[a[dK Od;= i<ld ne,Su" tfia u
plaLq iuMiaidÈ Mii fldgia o" plaLq iïMiaicdÈ fõokd fldgia
o" rEm i[a[d§ i[a[d fldgia o" rEm if[ap;kd§ fÉ;kd
fldgia o" hk fïjd meyeÈ,s is;g jegfyk fia fufkys lsÍu
meje;aúh hq;= h' h<s;a i;s iudê iïmc[a[ O¾uhka jefvk
l,ays isf;a yels<Su ke;s ù ldhH_laIu jkq we;' fuu wjjdoh
weiSfuka isf;a yex.Su f;areï .;a fhda.djprhd kshu f,iska
bÈßhg Ndjkdfõ fh§ iajlSh Ndjdkdj id¾:l lr.kafka h'
151
fhda.djprhkaf.a Ndjkd ukisldrdjia:djkays ,efnk fï
Ñ;a; ixfldapkh f;areï f.k thg fya;+ka uekúka mÍlaId
fldg f;areï f.k iqÿiq wkaoñka m%;l
s ¾u lsÍug is;g .; hq;= h'
fuys 49 fjks msgqfõ i|yka mßÈ wiaið ysñhkag nqÿrcdKka
nqÿysñhdfKda —wiaiðfhks" th lsue hs is;kafkys o@ rEmh
ks;H o@ wks;H o@˜
wiaið ysñ —iajdñkS th wks;H h˜
nqÿysñhdfKda —hula wks;H kï th iem o@ ÿl o@˜
wiaið ysñ —iajdñks ÿlhs˜
nqÿysñhdfKda —hula jQ l,s wks;H kï" ÿla kï" fjkiajk iq¨
kï" fuh uf.a h" fuh uu fjñ" fuh uf.a
wd;auh fõh hs ie,elSug iqÿiq o@˜
wiaið ysñ —iajdñkS' th tfia ie,elSug iqÿiq ke;'˜ ^fõokd
i[a[d ixLdr ú[a[dK .ek o fufiaue hs&
nqÿysñhdfKda —tfyhska wiaið" fï ixialdr f,dalfhys w;S;
jQ o" wkd.; jQ o" j¾;udk jQ o" wOHd;añl jQ o"
neyeß jQ o" ´<dßl jQ o" iqLu q jQ o" ySk jQ o"
m%K; S jQ o" ÿ/ jQ o" ióm jQ o" hï lsis rEmfhla
fõ kï" ta yeu rEmfhla u —fuh uf.a fkd fõ"
fuh uu fkd fjñ' fuh uf.a wd;auh o fkd fõ˜
hhs ksje/È kqjKska f;areï lr.; hq;= h' tn÷ u
hï lsis fõokd weoao" i[a[d weoao" ixLdr weoao"
ú[a[dKfhla weoao" ta ish,a, .ek o —fï uf.a
fkd fõ' fuh uu fkd fjñ" fï uf.a wd;auh o
fkd fõ˜ lshd ukd kqjKska i,ld.; hq;= h' wiaið"
fufia úo¾Ykd kqjKska olakd Y%e;uh [dKh
we;s" wd¾h Y%djl fhda.djprhd rEm fldgfiys o"
fõokd fldgfiys o" i[a[d fldgfiys o" ixLdr
 152
fldgfiys o" ú[a[dK fldgfiys o jqÜGdk .dñkS
úmiaikdj meje;afuka ksíìkaokh ,nhs' thska
flf,iqka iyuq,ska isf|k ud¾. Ñ;a;h my<
fjhs' th yd iuÕ u mfhda. mámamiaioê m[a[dj
jQ M, {dkh my< fjhs' ta iuÕ u m%;HdfõlaId
{dkfhda my< fj;s' ^wry;a;u.a. {dkfhka miqj
M, {dkhg meñK" tl=ka úis m%;HfõlaId
{dkhkaf.a fl<jr& pßul ú[a[dKfhka miq
B<.g cd;shla ke;e hs oek.ksh's ud¾. n%yu
a p¾hdj
jei ksujk ,§' wd¾h i;H i;frys i;r
ud¾.fhka l<ukd" mß[a[d-mydk-iÉýlsßhd-
Ndjkd hk fudjqka f.a jYfhka fid<dia jeoEreï
lD;Hhka fldg ksujk ,§' oeka h<s;a fï
fidf<dia jeoEreï lD;Hhka i|yd fkdfyd;a
flf,iqka f.ùu i|yd l<ukd ud¾. Ndjkdfjla
ke;' fkdfyd;a fï j¾;udk ialkaO ika;dkh
yer ;j;a ialkaO ika;dkfhla ke;' fï
ialkaOfhda mß{d; j mj;s;a hhs oek .kshs'
wiaið ysñfhda nqÿrcdKka jykfiaf.a ;smßjÜg foaYkdj
wiñka u úoiqka jvd ry;a jQy' ry;a njg meñKsh yqf.a i;;
úydrh oelaùug" nqÿrcdKka jykafia" —fid iqLx fp fjokx fjÈh;s
úi[[fF;d ;x fjokx fjÈh;s'˜44 hkdÈh jod<y' fyf;u b;ska
iqL fõokdjla ú|S kï fkd ne|S ta fõokdj ú¢hs' bÈka ÿla
fõokdjla ú|S kï fkdne£ th ú¢hs' ueoy;a fõokdjla ú£ kï
fkdne|S th ú¢hs' fyf;u lfhka mßÉýkak jQ fõokdj ^m[ap
oajdßl lfha meje;au we;s ;dla mej;s m[ap oajdßl fõokdj&
ú¢ñka m[ap oajdßl lfhka msßiqka fõokdj ú¢ñ hs f;areï lr
.kshs' Ôú;fhka mßÉýkak jQ fõokdj ^tkï Ôú;h mj;akd
44' ix' ks' 111" 124 PTS
153
;dla meje;s ufkdoajdßl fõokdj& ú¢ñka Ôú;fhka mßÉýkak
jQ fõokdj ú¢ñ hs f;areulr .kshs' lrclfha ì|Sfuka j¾;udk
Njh mj;ajkqjg Wmldrl Ôú;skøa h s f.úhdfuka miq u;= m%;is kaê
jYfhka Tíng fkd f.dia fuys u ish¨ fõokdfjda fkd ms<. s kakd
,oaodyq m%jD;a;s úmaMkaokfhka yg.kakd or: ke;s ù m%j¾;fhka
f;dr iajdNdjh we;sj fh;a lshd fufia oek .kshs'
fuys i|yka m[p oajdßl fõokdj yd ufkda oajdßl fõokd
o hk fï fõokd foflka m[ap oajdßl fõokdj ufkda oajdßl
fõokdjg miqj bmso" thg m<uqfjka ke;s fjhs' ufkda oajdßl
fõokdj m[ap oajdßl fõokdjg m<uqfjka bmso thg miqj ke;s
fjhs' th máikaê.a.yKfhys § j;a:qrEmfhys u msysghs' m[ap
oajdßl fõokd jkdys m%jD;a;sfhys § m[apoajdr jYfhka mej;S"
i;a;ajhkaf.a m%:u jhfiys" úisyjqreÿ muK ld,fhys" we,Sï
.eàï uq<dùï jYfhka wêl j n,j;a j mj;shs' mKia wjqreÿ
ld,fhys ta fkd jeã fkd msßyS msyg
s d ;sfnhs' wjqreÿ iefÜ ld,fha
mgka wjqreÿ wiQj wkQj ld,fhys msßyS f.dia fyd|g u wvq fjhs'
tl,ays i;a;ajfhda wkqka ;uka iïnkaO lr f.k merKs f;dr;=re
lshk l,ays fndfyda fia fkd okakd nj u lshkakdy' fufia u
Tjqyq n,j;a f,i bÈßm;a jk rEmdrïuK o" ioaodrïuK o —fkd
olsuq" fkd wiuq h˜ lsh;s' iqj| yd ÿ.| o" ñysr yd fkd ñysr o"
;o yd fudf<dla .;s o fkd oks;s' fufia ta wjia:dfõ § m[ap
oajdßl fõokdj ì§ .she hs lsh hq;= h' tl,e ufkda oajdßl
fõokdj u jeäfhka mj;shs' th o wkql%ufhka msßyS f.dia uefrk
wjia:dfõ § yoj;a fl<jr u weiqre lrf.k mj;shs' th tfia
mj;akd ;dla i;a;ajhd Ôj;a fõh hs lshkq ,efí' fï lshk
meje;au k;r jQ flfKys i;a;ajhd uf<ah hs lsh;s'
Wmudjla
c, ud¾. mfilska hq;a jefjla fjhs' jeis jg l,ays tlS
c,ud¾. mfika jejg c,h .,d je§fuka tys jQ j<j,a msÍ .kshs'
 154
keje; keje;;a jeis jiakd l,ays c, ud¾.hka msÍ ie;emqula
muK jQ fyda thg jeä muK jQ fyda m%foaYh Èfhka msÍ ;sfnhs' ta
ta w;ska c,l| .,d niafka o fjhs' miq lf,l Èh niakd fidfrdõ
újD; fldg l=Uqrej, jev lrkq ,nk l,ays" c,h nei hdfuka
f.dhï mefik ldf,fha § jefõ c,h fyd|g u wvq fjhs' blaì;s
Èk lSmfhlska j<j, muKla c,h r|d isgqfKa h' hï;dla l,a
fï j<j,ays c,h ;sfí kï" ta ;dla l,a jefõ c,h we;s nj lsh
hq;= h' hï;dla lf,lska ta jefõ c,h is£fha kï tl,e jefõ
c,h ke;e hs lsh hq;= h'
fuys Wmud ixikaokh fufia hs'
m<uqfjka jeis jiakd l,ays c, ud¾. miska c,h we;=¿ ù
we;=<; jQ j<j,a msÍ.sh ld,h fuka m<uqfjka m%;i
s kaê laIKfhys
ufkda oajdßl fõokdj yDoh jia;=fjys msysá ld,h o; hq;= h'
keje; keje;;a jeis jiakd l,ays c,ud¾. mi u msÍ.sh ld,h
fuka m[ap oajdßl fõokdj oajdr ih weiqre fldg mj;akd ld,h
o; hq;= h' jefõ úid, fmfoila c,fhka hg ù .sh ld,h fuka
Ôú;fha m<uq úfhys we,S ï .eàï uq < dùï jYfhka is h ¨
fõokdjkaf.a n,j;a j mj;akd ld,h o; hq;= h' jefjka c,h
fkd kslau hk;dla mqrd isgqfuka jefõ c,h mj;akd ld,h fuka
mia yeúßÈ ld,fhys ta fõokdjkaf.a m%;sIaGd ,o ld,h o; hq;= h'
jefõ fidfrdjq ux yer oeuQ l,ays f.dùka l=Uqre jefvys fh§fï
§ c,h neihk ld,h fuka ieg yeúßÈ ld,fha mgka
fõokdjkaf.a msßfyk ld,h o; hq;= h' fï c,h fndfyda ÿrg
nei.sh l,ays c, ud¾.hkays u|la c,h mj;akd ld,h fuka wiQ
yeúßÈ wkQ yeúßÈ ld,fhys m[p oajdßl fõokdfõ u| ld,h
o; hq;= h' jej ;=< msysá jf<ys u c,h msysá ld,h fuka yoj;a
fl<jr weiqre lrf.k ufkdA oAjdßl fõokdj u mj;akd ld,h
o; hq;= h' jeõ jf<ys c,h u|la fydA ;sfnk ;dla jefõ c,h
;sfíh hs lSh hq;= ld,h fuka ta fõokdj mj;akd ;dla i;a;j a hd
155
Ôj;a jkafkah hs lsh hq;= ld,h o; hq;= h' jeõ jf<ys ish¨ u
c,h is£ .sh l,ays jefõ c,h ke;e hs hï fia lshkq ,efí o" t
mßoafoka ufkda oajdßl fõokdj o fkd mj;akd ld,fhys i;a;j
a hd
uf<ah hs lshkq ,nk ld,h nj o; hq;= h' fï fõokdj i|yd
—Ôú; mßhJ;slx fjokx fjÈhudfkd Ôú; mßhJ;slx fjokx
fjÈhdó;s mcdkd;s˜ hs jodf<a'45
fï foaYkdfõ wjidkfhys § Nd.Hj;=ka jykfia ish¨
fõokdjkaf.a wkNskkaÈ; j iS;s Ndjh jk ieá fufia foaYkd
l< fial'
—fihH:dms wiið f;,[p mápp já[p mápp f;,mm§fmd
COdfhhH ;fiij f;,ii p jgáhd p mßhdodkd wkdydfrd
ksnndfhhH" tjfuj fLd wiið" NsCLq ldhmßhJ;slx fjokx
fjÈhudfkd ldhmßhJ;slx fjokx fjÈhdó;s mcdkd;s" Ôú;
mßhJ;slx fjokx fjÈhudfkd Ôú; mßhJ;slx fjokx
fjÈhdó;s mcdkd;s' ldhii fNod WoOx Ôú; mßhdodkd bfOj
inn fjohs;dks iS;ús iiJ;S;s mcdkd;s'˜ hkqh's
wiaiðfhks" f;,a myk" f;,;a ksid jeáh;a ksid hï
fia oe,afõ o" tys f;,;a jeáh;a f.ù hdfuka m%;Hh ke;sj
hï fia ksù hkafka o" tfia u wiaið" NslaIqj''''' fuys woyi
uq,ska i|yka lrk ,§'
fufkys lsÍu kj;skakd jQ ;j;a wjia:d lSmhla'
Ndjkd ukisldrfhys fhfok fhda.djprhd yg fufkys
lsÍu kshu wdldrfhka mj;ajd .ekSug fkd yelsùfï mdvqj
fya;= fldgf.k" ieoeye uq,alrf.k Wmka m%S;sh u;= fjhs' th
jeä jeäfhka ÈhqKj q g m;a fjhs' n,j;a m%;
S h
s g hg ùfuka ÿn, jQ
is;la we;s lr.ksh's fndfyda fõ,djla f.ùhk;=re;a fhda.djprhdg
fuh fkd jegfyhs' fuys § o Ndjkd jev ms<f s j, kej;S hhs'
45' ix' ks'
 156
l,HdK ñ;% WmfoaYhla fkd ,enqfKd;a fï mqo.
a ,hdg isÿjkafka
n,j;a mßydksfhls'
oyï fldgia tlska tl is;ska .eUqrg i,ld ne,Sfï §" kqjK
l%shdjla njg m;afjhs' ieoeyefha uÜgug kqjK mj;ajd .; hq;=
fjhs' Oïuúph iïfndfÊCOx.h ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSu fuys
we;s m%Odk woyi hs' fuh ke;sùfï mdvqfjka ieoeye n,j;a ù
hg i|yka wjq, isÿúh' úo¾Ykdfõ § m%{d n,h jeäúh hq;= uq;a
fofla iuNdjh w¾: isoaêhg Wmldr fjhs'
fufia u uekúka Ndjkd ukisldrh mj;ajdf.k hk l<
iudê n, wêl ùfuka ù¾hhg" miqniskakg isÿfjhs' YÍrfha
lsisÿ fjkila fkd ù ukisldr is; kej;S hhs' th tla;rd
kskaols' fhda.djprhdg th fkd oefkhs' ta wjia:dfõ ÿgq isyskh
mjd úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ § ,efnk o¾Yk hehs i,ldf.k fyf;u
l:d lrhs' fï ÓkñoaOh ne,mEu fya;=fldg f.k Ndjkd is;
yex.S hk whqre h' fuys § ù¾hh jeälr .; hq;= h'
we;eï úfgl § fkd kj;ajd Ndjkdj lrf.k hdfï §
ldhsl ÿ¾j,;djka yd fõokdfõ wêl;djka fya;=fldg f.k o
fhda.djprhd uq¾Pdjg m;afjhs' fï f,daflda;a;r {dkfhl hk
ye.Su o we;eïyq we;s lr.ks;s' úßh iu;dj fuys § idod.; hq;=
fjhs' fï ,Sk;dfjka fukau WoaOÉpfhka o fufkys lsÍfï
Yla;hs ySkfjhs' fï ms<n
s | ;j;a meyeÈ,s lsÍula bkaøh
s O¾uhkaf.a
úia;rfhka ,efnkq we;'
157
5
úo¾Ykd {dk
ksjka oelSu i|yd lrkq ,nk Ndjkd ukisldrh meje;aùfï
§ is; ksjka u.g yqre úh hq;= h' tfia yqre ùug kï iir mqreÿ
flf,iqka yd isf;a f.;Su k;r l< hq;= h' isf;a tf;k fï
flf,iqka k;r lsÍfï l%u ;=fkls' thg mydk ^m%ydK - whska
lsÍu& hk jHjydrh fjhs'
1' ;oX.mmydkh
2' úCLuNkmmydkh
3' iuqfpPommydkh
;oÙ.mamydkh" odk jYfhka fyda YS, jYfhka fyda Ndjkd
jYfhka fyda ta ;=ka wdldrfhka ,efnk l=i,a fldgiaj,ska ta ta
l=Y,hkg m%;smdlaIsl wl=Y, fldgia m%ydKh hs' ta fufia hs (-
1' mß;Hd.fhka ^wf,daNfhka& f,daNh m%ySK fjhs'
2' iS,fhka oafõIh m%ySK fjhs'
3' Ndjkdfjka fudayh m%ySK fjhs'
4' ffu;%sfhka jHdmdoh m%ySK fjhs'
5' fklaLïufhka lduÉPJoh m%ySK fjhs'
6' OïujjF:dkfhka úÑlsÉPdj m%ySK fjhs'
7' wúlafLmfhka WoOÉph m%ySK fjhs'
8' i;sfhka m%udoh m%ySK fjhs'
9' wNsr;sfhka wr;sh m%ySK fjhs'
10' lreKdfjka ysxidj m%ySK fjhs'
11' uqÈ;dfjka wr;sh m%ySK fjhs'
12' kdu rEm jHjia:dfjka ÈÜÀh m%ySK fjhs'
13' mÉph mß.a.yfhka úÑlsÉPdj m%ySK fjhs'
fu wdldr i,lkq ,efíjd'
 158
m%:u OHdkdÈfhka kSjrKhkaf.a hg lr ;eîu úlaLuNk
m%ydKh hs' fida;dm;a;s u.a.dÈ f,daflda;a;r l=Y, n,fhka
ilaldhÈÜÀ wd§ ixfhdackhkaf.a iuQ, >d;kh iuqÉfþo m%ydKhhs'
ksjka u. mdod .ekSu i|yd fuys uq,ska i|yka m%ydK l%u
fol iïmQ¾K lr.; hq;= nj fuys § lsj hq;=j we;' ;ud ;=<
Wmojd .kq ,nk OHdk n,fhka kSjrKhka hgm;a lsÍu iSud
iys; h' iïmQ¾Kfhka flf,ia n,uq¿j u¾okh l< hq;af;a fï
úo¾Ykd l%ufha § weiqre lrk ;ox. m%ydK l%ufhks' fuys § wm
—ksjka uÕ˜ hehs woyia lrkafka wd¾h wIagdx.sl ud¾.h hs'
—l;udp NsCLfj ÿCL ksfrdO .dñkS mámod@ whfuj wßfhd
wgGX.sfld uf..d" iuud ÈgÀ -fm- iuu iudê˜
fï ud¾.dx.hka ms<sn| woyia u;= jkafka h:d N+; {dkfha
n,fhks'
—hd ;:d N+;ii ÈgÀ ijdii fyd;s iuud ÈgÀ' fhd ;:d N+;ii
iXlfmmd ijdii fyd;s iuud iXlfmmd' fhd ;:d N+;ii jdhdfud
ijdii fyd;s iuud jdhdfud' hd ;:d N+;ii i;s ijdii fyd;s
iuud i;s' fhd ;:d N+;ii iudê ijdii fyd;s iuud iudêZZ-46
tfia jQjyqf.a ÈÜÀh kï iïud ÈÜÀh hs' ixlmamh
^l,amkdj& iïud ixlmamh hs' jdhdu kï iïud jdhduh hs'
i;sh kï iïud i;sh hs' iudêh kï iïud iudêh hs'
—;:d N+;ii˜ tfia jQjyqf.a hhs jodf<a ld .eko@ —h:d
N+;x cdkf;d miif;d˜
we;s ieáfhka okakyq olakdyq .ekh' oekSuh" oelSuh
folla o@ we;af;ka u Tõ" oekSu m<uqfjka' B<Õg ,nd.;a
oekSu wkqj oelSu mj;ajkq ,efí'
fï oekSu;a" oelSu;a l=ula ms<sn| o@ th úYd, m%foaYhl
46' u' ks' uydi<dh;ksl iq' nq' c'
159
me;sr we;' fláfhka fufia h (-
1' wei" lk" keyeh" Èj" lh" uki" hk bkaøsh ih o"
2' rEm" ioao" .kaO" ri" fMdÜGín" Oïu hk úIh ih o"
3' fïjd iïnkaO lrf.k my<jk ú[a[dK ih o"
4' fï ;%slhka iïnkaO lrf.k my<jk Miai ih o"
5' fï Miai ih ksid my< jk fõokd ih o"
hk úiqoêa ;=k r: úkS; iQ;f% hys oelajQ l:dj wkqj l%udkql,
+
nj ie,lsh hq;= h' tfyhska iS,fhka f;dr j iïud iudêh ke;'
iïud iudêh ke;sj h:dN+; {dkh ke;' h:dN+; {dkh ke;sj
wßh wÜGdx.sl u.a.h ke;'
uyd i<dh;ksl iQ;%fhys (-
—;ii wßhx wgGX.slx u..x Ndjhf;d pF;dfrd i;smgGdkd
Ndjkd mdßmQßx .pPJ;s' PF;dfrdms iuummOdkd Ndjkd mdßmQßx
.pPJ;s' PF;dfrdms boêmdod Ndjkd mdßmQßx .pPJ;s' m[p ms
bJøshdks Ndjkd mdßmQßx .pPJ;s' m[p ms n,dks Ndjkd mdßmQrx
.pPJ;s' iF;ms fndcCOX.d Ndjkd mdßmQßx .pPJ;s'˜
fuhska Tyqf.a Ndjkd ÈhqKqfõ § i;a;sia fndaê mdlaIsl
O¾uhka mßmQ¾K jk ieá foaYkd lrk ,oafoa h' i;smÜGdkd
§ fndaê mdlaIsl O¾u iuqodhf.a msÍu isÿ jkafka l%udkql+,
Ndjkd ukisldrfhl fh§fï m%;sM,h jYfhka úh hq;= h'
WmksY%h iïm;a;sfhka Wiia ;slaLm[a[ mqoa.,hka yg O¾u
foaYkdjlg lka fhduq lrñka fyda ord .;a O¾uhka h<s;a
i,lñka fyda fuh imqrd .; yels fjhs' fiiaika úiska
fkd lvjd W;aidy fhdod,Sfuka iïmQ¾K lr.; hq;= fjhs'
fuys i|yka i;a;sia fndaêmdlaIsl O¾u iuqodh iïmQ¾K
ùu;a úo¾Ykd {dkhkaf.a fïÍu;a iuld,Skj isÿfjk ieá
fmfkhs' B<Õg úo¾Ykd {dkhka ms<sn| ie,lsh hq;af;a tajd
fkd lvjd isÿflfrk fhdksfid ukisldr l%shdoduhl isoaê
 160 161

iajrEmh jYfhks' th foaYkd fmf<ys fndfyda ;eka j, —úmii;s- fufia flá úo¾Ykd l%u o olakg ,efí' ta ta mqo. a ,hka f.a
úmiis;nnd" úmiikd˜ wdÈ jYfhka ,efí' bkaøh
s ;;a;j
a h wkqj úh hq;= h' uq,§ i|yka l< h:dN+; {dkh
—WohF: .dñksh m[[dh iuJkd.f;d˜ hkdÈfhys m%{d u h:dN+; {dk oiaikh hs oilx.=;; a rfha m%:u iQ;f
% hys tk ieá
iïm;a;sfha wjdka;r l%shdjla jYfhka Wohính {dkhg uq,a;ek fmfkhs' th ;reK úo¾Ykdj hs' ksíìodj n,j;a úo¾YKdj hs'
§ foaYkd lrk ,o nj fmfka' úo¾Ykd Yíohg iïnkaO jQ we;eï iQ;%j, {dk oiaik hkak f;areï lSmhla ,efí' ta
úmiaikd l%shdj —tjx fLd wdjqfid ixLdrd ogGnnd" tjx iuuis;nnd iïnkaO w;súia;rhla fuys i|yka lsÍug fkd hñ'
tjx úmiis;nnd˜47 hkafkka úfYaI wjia:djla fmkakqï lsÍug
úo¾Ykdfõ § ,efnk {dkmßmdáh'
foaYkd l< ieá fmfkhs' tysu i|yka mßÈ —wêm[[d Ouu
mQ¾fjdala; l%ufhka iQ;% foaYkdjkays tk wkaoñka {dk
úmiikd˜ hkak úo¾Ykdfõ Wmßu wjia:djla f.k foiQ ieá o
rdYsh leáfldg máiïNsod u.. md<sfha {dk ud;sldfõ i|yka
f;areï .; yels fjhs'
lrk ,§' ta ish,a, iqÿiq fia fnod úiqoaê u.a. m[a[ Ndjkd
fï úo¾Ykdj meje;aùfï § i,a,lLK Ñ;a; mrïmrdj
ksoafoaifha olajk ,§' ta fufiah (-
mj;ajk l%uhkg wkqmiaikd kduh iQ;% foaYkdjkays yd máiïNsod
u.a. md<sfhys o fh§ we;' 1' kdu rEm mßfpPo [dKh
2' mpph mß..y [dKh
tys wkqmiaikdfjd(-
3' iuuik [dKh
;súOdkqmiikd hs ;=kla jYfhka o"
4' Wohnnh [dKh
iF;dkqmiikd hs i;la jYfhka o"
5' NX. [dKh
oi wkqmiikd hs oyhla jYfhka o"
6' Nh;=mgGdk [dKh
tldoidkqmiikd hs tfldf<dila jYfhka o"
7' wd§kj [dKh
wgGdridkqmiikd hs wgf<dila jYfhka o"
8' ksnìod [dKh
pF;d<sidkqmiikd hs i;<sila jYfhka oe hs
9' uq[Ñ;=luH;d [dKh
fufia úúOdldrfhka ,efnkakdy'
10'máixLd [dKh
fndfyda foaYkdjkays"
11' ixLdrefmCLd [dKh
ksnìod - n, m%dma; úo¾Ykdj"
12'wkqf,du [dKh
úrd. - f,daflda;a;r ud¾.h"
13' f.d;%N+ [dKh
úuF;s - f,daflda;a;r M,h"
14'u.. [dKh
ksnìod úrd. - n,j;a úo¾Ykd ud¾.h"
15' M, [dKh
47' wx' ks' ii 178 msg ^nq' c'& 16' mppfjCLK [dKh
 162
fï wdldrfhka fuys i|yka {dk fidf<dila oelaúh yels
h' úo¾Ykd Ndjkdjla wdrïN fldg isáhyqg t;eka mgka wjidkh
f;la ,efnk {dk iïNdrh fuhska i,ld .;yels fjhs' fï
{dkhka ms<sn| ;;a;ajh i<lk úg fïjd kï wkqmiaikdjka
yd ix{djka ms<sn| l%shd iïNdrfha n,fhka Ñ;a; ika;dkfha
;ekam;a njg meñfKk wjfndaOuh Yla;s úfYaI nj h" f;areï
lr.; hq;af;a'
fuys i|yka jk {dkhka w;=frka miajekafkys i|yka
jk —NX. [dKh˜ máiïNsod u.a. md<sfha § —úmiikd [dKx˜
hkafkka úo¾Ykd {dkh nj i|yka lrk ,§' M, iudm;a;h
wêIaGdk fldg tla tla úo¾Ykd {dkhg m;aùfï § isÿflfrkafka
Wohính {dkfha isg wkqf,dau {dkh f;ala ,efnk {dk 09 hhs'
f.d;%N+ {dkh úo¾Ykd úÓfhka fjka fldg olajk ,o nj fmfkhs'
th ksjk wruqKq lr;;a iuqÉfþo jYfhka flf,ia leãula fkd
lrhs' fuh újÜgdkqmiaikdj nj;a thska ifXhd.dNsksfji kï
f,daNh ;ox. jYfhka lefvk nj wgGdri úmiikd úia;rfha §
oelafjhs' 14 jekak yd 15 jekak f,daflda;;
a r {dkfhda h' wka;u
oelajqKq mÉpfjlaLk {dkh f,!lsl h'
uq,ska oelajqKq {dk ;=fkka iïuik {dkh o úfYaIfhka
ixialdrhka ms<sn| ;%s ,laIKg fhduq lsÍu we;s neúka o 1-2
{dkj,ska ÈhqKqjg m;a fya;= M, jYfhka m%ldYhg m;a fjk
fyhska o" mqoa., f.dapr mßÈ ish¨ ixialdrhka kh jYfhka fyda
l,dm jYfhka jHjia:dj ,efnk fyhska o úo¾Ykd {dkh hk
ku ,eîug iqÿiq h' kdurEm m¾Éfþo {dkh yd mÉph mß.a.y
{dkh o hk fï {dk fol immpph kdurEm mß..y hhs tlla
fia o wdpd¾hjre olaj;s' uq, § oela jQ mßÈ h:dN+; {dkhg
we;=<;a fï {dkh ,efnkqfha Ndjkd ukisldrfha w;aoelSï wkqj
fndfyda fihska fojrlg h'
163
—innx NsCLfj wNsf[[hHx˜48 hkd§ka jod< mßÈ wNs[a[d
lD;Hh isÿjkafka fuys § h' kdurEm ixialdrhka ms<sn| idu[a[
,la L Kh fuhs k a u;= j k fyhs k a fuys § is ÿ jka f ka
,laLKdrïuKsl úmiaikdj hs' fufia fï ish¨ {dkhka úo¾Ykd
kdufhka fmkaùu ksjroh hs i,luq'
ixhq;aiÕsfyhs (
—fid j; NsCLq inn iXLdfr wksppf;d iukqmiifJ;d
wkqf,dñldh LJ;shd iuJ;d.f;d Núii;S;s Gdkfu;x úcc;s'
wkqf,dñldh LJ;sh iuJ;d.f;d iuuF; kshdux
s g fjdClñii;S;s Gdkfu;x úcc;s' inn ixLdfr ÿCLf;d ''''
inn ixLdfr wkF; f;d''''49
—uyfKks" ta ish¨ kdu rEm ixialdrhka wks;H ,laIKfhka
hql;a fldg kej; kej; kqjKska i,ld ne,Su lrk ta uyK
f;fï taldka;fhka f,daflda;;a r ud¾.hg wkqj hk úo¾Ykdfjka
hql;
a jkafka h'˜ hk fï ldrKh we;af;a h' fï úo¾Ykd {dkfhka
hq;= NsCIqj taldka;fhka iïu;a; kshduhg m;ajkafka h' fï
s g taldka; lreKq folls'
fuys lreKq ;=fkls (-
1' ixLdr ms<sn| wksÉpdkqmiaikdj"
2' wkqf,du Lka;sfhka hq;=ùu "
3' iïu;a; kshdug m;aùu hkq h
1' wksÉpdkqmiaikdj (-
fuys Ndjkd úê ish,a, we;=<;a fldg f;areï .; hq;= h'
ish¨ ixialdrhka flfrys tljr wksÉpdkqmiaikdj meje;aúh
fkd yels h' wksÉpdkqmiaikdj mjd iín ixLdrhka f;areï
48' mgix'
49' wx' ks' ¸¹ 252 msg ^nq' c'&
 164
fkd f.k meje;aúh fkd yels h' iín ixLdrhka mjd tljrg
tlg w,a,d ukisldrh meje;aúh fkd yels h'
^w& tfyhska m<uqfjka Tn úiska l< hq;af;a ixLdr kï
lsfula o@ lshd meyeÈ,sj ksYaÑ;j f;areï lr .ekSu hs' iudêh
u;=lr f.k th u ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSfuka miq ;ekam;a is;ska
wdkdmdkh fyda flaid§ fldgia lugyka wruqKg f.k fhdaksfida
ukisldrh mj;ajkak'
;j;a myiq l%uhla Tng u;=lr foñ' Tn fï .;a lugyk
wruqKu wkqj fhdaksfida ukisldrh mj;ajkak' tfia ukisldrh
mj;ajkakd jQ Tng jeämqr jevla jkafka Tfí i;sh ^isysh& .ek
ie,ls,su;aùu h' lugykg is;a fhdok Tng thska msg; is;
fh§fuka úo¾Ykd Ndjkdj iïmQ¾K fkd jkq we;e hs lshk
w;;aj{hkaf.a fl¢Íï ijka uÕska is;g we;=¿ ù mSvd lrkq
we;' thska iïmQ¾Kfhka is; msßisÿ lr.kak' ta .ek ìkaÿud;%
ielhl= ÿ kj;d .kak tmd'
1' i;sh .ek úuis,su;a jkak'
2' is; yd is;sú,s .ek úuis,su;a jkak'
3' fõokd yd ú;lal .ek úuis,su;a jkak'
—úuis,u
s ;aùu˜ kï Wmokd;dla kdurEm ixialdrhka kqjKska
fufkys lsÍu hs' NdjkdrïNh ukisldr N+ñh hs' iíndij iQ;%
wgqjdfõ oelajqfka" iQ;%fha i|yka —fid box oCLJ;s fhdksfid
ukislfrd;s˜ hk foaYkdj wkqj h' Ndjkdj uekúka isÿjk úg
bfí u f,fyisfhka ukisldrh mejef;kq we;'
^wd& ó<Õg Tfí i;s iudê uekúka ÈhqKqjg m;aùfï §
is;g yuqjk ;dla O¾uhka b;d myiqfjka f;areï .ekSug Tng
ms<sjka fjhs' —fid innx Ouux wNscdkd;s˜ fï —wNscdkd;s˜ hk
mofhka oelafjk" ye¢kafjk wNscdkkh kï ta ta yuqjk
^lugyka wruqfKys me;sÍ thg iïnkaO jia;= O¾uhkays o" me;sr
165
bÈßm;a jk& ish¨ ialkaO" Od;=" wdh;k wd§ O¾uhka ,laLK"
ri" mÉpqmÜGdk jYfhka f;areï fíreï ù is;ska jgyd .ekSu hs'
^we& fï wNs{d wjia:dfjka is; fïÍug m;aùfï § bfíg
u m;ajkafka tys ^ta yuqjk yeu O¾u fldgil u& idu[a[
,laLKdjfndaOh hs' —fid innx Ouux wNs[[dh innx Ouux
mßcdkd;s˜ fï uq, i|yka wksÉpdkqmiaikdjg fodr újD;ùu hs'
2' wkqf,du Lka;sh (-
wksÉpdkqmiaikd" ÿlaLdkqmiaikd" wk;a;dkqmiaikd hk
wkqmiaikd ;=k" wkqmiaikd if;a o" wkqmiaikd oyfha o"
wkqmiaikd tfld<fia o" wkqmiaikd wgf<dfia o" wkqmiaikd
i;<sfia o" uq, nj i,ld.; hq;= h'
fuys wksÉpdkqmiaikdj wks;H ,laIKh wjfndaOhg Wmldr
fjhs' ÿlaLdkqmiaikdj ÿlaL ,laIKh wjfndaOhg Wmldr fjhs'
wk;a;dkqmiaikdj wkd;au ,laIKh wjfndaOhg Wmldr fjhs'
;jo wks;H ,laIKh b;d úis;=re wkaoñka jegySu isÿjqjfyd;a
b;=re ,laIK fol;a" wdhH_ i;H i;r;a myiqfjka jegySug m;a
jkafka h' fiiq ,laIK fol .ek o fufia u nj ie,lsh hq;= h'
wkqf,du LJ;sh ,eîug fï wkqmiaikd Wmldr jk nj fuys
i|yka úh'
fï wkqf,dau Lka;sh kï lsu@
th ;%súO wkqmiaikdjkaf.a M,h jk fyhska o iuuF;
kshdu kï jQ f,daflda;a;r ud¾. Ñ;a;hg ldrKd jk nj jod<
fyhska o úmiaikdjh hs lsj hq;= h' uq, § olajk ,o {dk
mámdáfha 3 jeks {dkfha isg 12 jekak olajd ,efnk {dk ^10&
oyh úmiaikd {dk kdufhka jHjydr ,nk nj m%ios Oa h' tfyhska
fï oyh fldgia ;=klg fnod (-
1' uqÿ wkqf,du LJ;sh'
2' ucCêu wkqf,du LJ;sh'
3' ;sCL wkqf,du LJ;sh'
hhs kï fldg olajk ,oafoa h'
 166 167

tys ixikaokh fufia h (- uyd m%d{ mqoa.,hdg jkdys wkqf,dau is;a foflls' ;=kajekak
1' iuuki [dK f.d;%N+ Ñ;a;h hs' isjq jekak ud¾. Ñ;a;h hs' M, is;a ;=fkls'
uqÿ wkqf,du LJ;shhs'
2' Wohnnh [dK thska miq Njdx.hg nei .kS'
uOHu m%d{hd yg wkqf,dau is;a ;=fkls' y;r jekak f.d;%N+
3' NX. [dK
Ñ;a;h hs' miajekak ud¾. Ñ;a;h hs' M, is;a foflls' thka miq
4' Nh;=mgGdk [dK Njdx.hg nei .kshs'
5' wd§kj [dK uJo m%d{hd yg wkqf,dau is;a i;frls' miajekak f.d;%N+
6' ksnìod ['dK ucCêu wkqf,du LJ;shhs' Ñ;a;h hs' ijekak ud¾. Ñ;a;h hs' i;a jekak M, is; hs' bkamiq
7' uq[Ñ;=luH;d [dK Njdx.hg nei .kshs'
8' máixLd [dK fuys uyd m%d{" uJo m%d{hkaf.a jYfhka fkd lshd uOHu
9' ixLdrefmCLd [dK m%{hdf.a jYfhka lsj hq;= h' th fufia hs' hï jdrfhlays ud¾.
Ñ;a;h ,eîu fjhs o" ta jdrfhys § wfya;=l l%shd jQ WfmlaLd
10'wkqf,du [dKh' ;sCL wkqf,du LJ;shhs' iy.; ufkda ú[a[dK Od;= ixLHd; ufkda oajdrdjÊckh
fuys ;slaL wkqf,dau Lka;s kï jQ mßK; úo¾Ykd {dkh úo¾Ykdjg úIh jQ ialkaOhka wruqKq fldg Njdx.h fmr<hs'
iïu;a; kshdu jQ f,daflda;a;r m%{djg ldrKd jk ieá f;areï thg wk;=rej ta ufkda oajdrdjÊckh u .kakd ,o ialkaOhka
.; hq;= h' úfYaIfhka fid;dm;a;s u.a. {dkh fuh iïmQ¾K wruqKq fldg m%:u cjk Ñ;a;h Wm§' ta wkqf,dau {dkh hs' ta
ùfuka ,efnkq we;' wkqf,du {dkh úIh jYfhka .;a ialkaOhka flfrys wks;H
fï wkqf,dau Lka;s l:dfjka úo¾Ykd {dk uq¿,a,u {dkfha lshd fyda ÿlaLh lshd fyda wkd;auh hs lshd fyda meje;s ´,dßl
mßk; Ndjh wkqj wjia:d ;=klg fnfok ieá;a" wkqf,dau {dkh jQ" p;=rdhH_ i;Hh jidf.k isá ta fudayh ÿre fldg ;%s,laIKhka
f,!lsl m%{dNsj¾Okh ms<sn| Wmßu wjia:dj jk ieá;a" th u fnfyúka m%lg fldg ksreoaO fjhs' thg wk;=rej fofjks
^idkqf,dau jqÜGdk .dñkS úmiaikd50& f,daflda;a;r ud¾. {dkh wkqf,dauh Wm§'
,efnk Ñ;a; ùÓhg iïnkaO ù my< jk ieá;a uekúka f;areï ta fol w;=frka m<uq wkqf,dauhg wdfiajk m%;Hh ke;'
.; yels jkq we;' jqÜGdk .dñkS úmiaikdj kï f,daflda;a;r fojks wkqf,dauhg m<uq wkqf,daufha wdfiajk m%;Hh ,eî
ud¾. {dkh ,efnk Ñ;a; ùÓfha f,!lsl wjia:dj hs' ;shK
q q j - iQr j" m%ikak j ta wruqfKys u ta wdldrfhka u
meje;Sfuka uOhu m%udK jQ p;=iai;Hh m%;sÉPdol fudayh ÿre
ud¾. Ñ;a; ùÓh'
fldg ;s%úO ,laIKh fndfyda fihska m%lg fldg ksreoaO fjhs'
fï ud¾. Ñ;a;h ksñ;a; mj;a; hk folska u ke.S isgqkd
thg wk;=rej ;=kf a jks wkqf,dauh Wm§' thg fofjks wkqf,daufha
fyhska ixialdr ksñ;af;ka o keÕS isáhs' laf,aY m%j¾;h o is¢hs'
wdfiajk m%;Hh ;shqKq j" iQr j" m%ikak j ta wruqfKys ta
50' wNs( iX.y wdldrfhka u meje;S thska b;=re jQ wkqiy.; i;H m%;sÉPdol
 168
fudaydkaOldrh ÿrefldg ksrjfYaI lsÍfuka ;s%,laIKh fndfyda
fihska m%lg fldg ksreoaO fõ' fufia wkqf,dau is;a ;=klska
p;=iai;Hh jid isá fudaydkaOldrh ÿre l< l,ays i;rjkqj
ksjk wruqKq lrñka f.d;%N+ {dkh Wm§'
ksjka milalr .ekSfï wNsmd% fhka Ndjkd ukisldrfha fhÿk
fï fhda . djprhd fuu wjia : djg meñfKk úg úo¾Ykd
{dkhkaf.ka fndfyda ÿrg ÈhqKqjg m;a ù we;s nj lsj hq;= h'
fufia meje;s fï úo¾Ykd {dkhkaf.a n,fhka fkdfhla jr
;ud ;=< meje;s laf,aYhkaf.a jH;sl%u wjia:dj;a" mßhqÜGdk
wjia:dj;a f.jd f.k isáfha h' ;ox. jYfhka laf,aY m%ydKh
b;d Wiia wkaoñka isÿlr f.k isáfha h' wdhH_ wIagdx.sl ud¾.hg
wh;a ud¾.dx.hka fkd wvqj ÈhqKqj meje;s fyhska b;d msßisÿ
ika;dkhla orñka isáfha h' Y=oaOd§ bkaøsh O¾uhka l%udkql+,j
Èhq K q j g m;a l r f.k is á fha h' Tyq g b;s ß j meje;s f ha
laf,aYhkaf.a wkqYh wjia:dj leãu mufKls'
tfyhska ;j ;j;a bÈßhg úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfjys fhfoñka
wjia:djg iqÿiq mßÈ m%:u ud¾. {dkh i|yd fkd kj;ajd jev
lf<ah' fï wjiaa:dfõ § b;d ÈhqKqjg m;a úo¾Ykd {dkh ;udf.a
úo¾Ykd Yla;h s wkqj u;= jQ ;s,
% laIKhkaf.ka tla;rd ,laIKhl
t,an f.k lSm jrla wkqf,dau jYfhka mej;s f.d;%N+ {dkhg
meñfKa' tys § tu f.d;%N+ {dkhg ksjka wruqKq jk nj uq, §
lshk ,oafoa h' ta iuÕ u fida;dm;a;s u.a. {dkh ud¾.dx.
O¾uhka tlg iïmQ¾K lr .ksñka ksjk wruqKq lrñka ilaldh
ÈÜÀ úÑlsÉPd" iS,ín; mrdudi ixfhdackhka is|sñka tlajrla
mj;S' wk;=re j M, Ñ;a;h uq,ska lshk ,o l%ufhka mej;Sfuka
miq mÉpfjlaLK {dk o my< fõ'
u..x M,x p ksnndKx - mppfjCL;s mKäf;d
ySfk lsf,i fifi p - mppfjCL;s jd kjd
hkq mÉpfjlaLK {dkh y÷kajd fok wNsO¾ud¾: ix.%yfha
.d:dfjls' tys woyi ( mKaä; fhda.djprjrhd wd.uk m%;sm;a;sh
169
wkqj ud¾.h m%;HfõlaId lrhs' wd.ukh m%;sm;a;s wkqj ;ud ,;a
f,daflda;a;r ud¾. {dk Ñ;a;h fufia ud ,oe hs m%;HdfõlaId
lrhs' thska ,o M,h fï hhs M, Ñ;a;h m%;HfõlaId lrhs' fï
wdksYxih ,Èñ hs ksjk m%;HfõlaId lrhs' fï flf,ia ud úiska
m%ydKh lrk ,È hs o" fuf;la flf,ia u;= m%ydKh lsÍug
fYaIj we;e hs o" m%;HfõlaId lrhs' we;eïyq m%;HfõlaId fkd
lrkafkda o fj;s'
fufia fidajdka M, wjia:dfjka miqj lrk m%;HfõlaIdfõ
§" 1' ud¾. m% ; Hfõla I dj" 2' M, m% ; Hfõla I dj"3' ks í ndK
m%;HfõlaIdj 4' m%ySk laf,aY m%;HfõlaIdj 5' fYIlaf,aY
m%;HfõlaIdj hhs m%;HfõlaId mfils'
ilod.ó M, wjia:dfjka miqj o fufia u m%;HfõlaId mfils'
wkd.dó M, wjia:dfjka miqj o fufia m%;HfõlaId mila u
,efí' w¾y;a M, wjia:dfjka miqj jkdyS fYaI laf,aYhla ke;s
fyhska m%;HfõlaId i;frls' fï lshk ,oafoa tl=kú
a is m%;HfõlaId
{kfhda h'
fida;dm;a;s M,hg m;a fï wdhH_ mqo.
a ,hd ;ud m%;HË fldg
.;a wixL; Od;=j kej;;a ,ndf.k jdih lsÍug M, iudm;a;s
hhs lshkq ,efí' th ,nd .ekSug l%ufhka mqyqKq úh hq;= h' ta
l%uh kï Wohính {dkh mgka ixLdrefmlaLd {dkh olajd
{dkhka ,nd .ekSug lrk wêIaGdkh hs' tl {dkhla ,ndf.k
ñks;a;= myla jdih lrñ hs wêIaGdk lrf.k m<uq mqreÿ mßÈ
l¾uia:dkhg is; fhdohs' fmr mqreÿ mßÈ l¾uia:dkhg uekúka
jegyS Wohính wjia:djg meñfKa' Wohính wjia:dfõ ñks;a;=
myla is; keje;S wêIaGdkh Yla;su;a kï" wêIaGdk ld,h wjika
jQ flfKys u l¾uia:dkhg is; meñfKa' tfia iïmQ¾K fkdù
kï mqk mqkd wêIaGdk l< hq;= hs" fiiq {dkhkays o fufiau
ms<smeÈh hq;= hs' wêIaGdk ld,h jeä lsÍu fhda.djprhdf.a
leue;a; mßÈ fõ' ixLdrefmlaLd {dkfhka miq ,efnkafka
 170
wkqf,dau {dkh hs' tys § wêIaGdk l< hq;af;a ud úiska m%:ufhka
,nd.;a M, {dkh h<s;a jrla ,ndf.k ñks;a;= myla jdih lrñ
hs lshd h' fuys § wêIaGdk ld,h jeälsÍu fhda.djprhdf.a
leue;a; mßÈ fõ' fï jiSNdjhg muqKqjd .ekSug fndfyda jdr
.Kkla mqreÿ l< hq;=h'
Wmßud¾. {dk lD;Hh (- fidajdka M,hg m;a wdhH_ mqoa.,hd
ilDod.dó ud¾.h ,nd .ekSug jev lsÍfï § ;uka ,;a m%:u
M,h m%;slafIam l< hq;= h' fufia fkd lf<d;a úo¾Ykd {dk
fl<jr § Tyqg ,efnkqfha ;ud ,;a M, {dkh ue hs' fufia
fofjks ud¾.h .ek wfmalaIdfjka m<uq mqreÿ l¾uia:dkhg is;
fhÈh hq;= h' tys § m<uq oelajQ mßÈ Wohínhd§ wjia:djkag
meñKSu isÿfjhs' tfy;a fuys úfYaIhla we;'
úo¾Ykd ;=kaj¾.h'
1' ud¾. úo¾Ykdh" 2' M, úo¾Ykdh" 3' ksfrdO iudm;a;s
úo¾Ykdh hhs úo¾Ykd ;=ka j¾.hls' tys 1' ud¾. úo¾Ykd kï
óg m%:ufhka olajk ,o mßÈ" f,daflda;a;r ud¾.hla i|yd lrk
úo¾Ykdj h' th ;slaÅkaøsh" uqÈkaøsh wd§ jYfhka jQ mqoa.,hkag
wkqrEmj ,efnk ;shqKq úo¾Ykdj h" uDÿ úo¾Ykdj h hs
fohdldrfhlska isÿ jkafka h'
M, iudm;a;s úo¾Ykdj kï m%:ufhka ,nd.;a ud¾.hg
wh;a M,h h<s;a ,ndf.k kshñ; ld,hla ;=< jdih lsÍu i|yd
lrkq ,nk úo¾Ykdj h' ta i|yd lrk úo¾Ykdj ;s h q K q
úo¾Ykdjla u úh hq;= h' ksfrdaO iudm;a;h
s i|yd lrk úo¾Ykdj
fuhg fjkia fõ' th uDÿ úo¾Ykdjla u úh hq;= h'
Wmßud¾. i|yd lrk úo¾Ykdj ud¾. úo¾Ykdjla fyhska
mqoa.,dkqrEmj ;shqKq fyda úh yels h' uDÿ fyda úh yels h' tu
úo¾Ykd Ndjkdfõ fhfok wjia:dfõ § fhda.djprhd yg fjkodg
jvd ;o fõokdÈh oefkkakg bv ;sfí' tn÷ wjiaa:dj, § iel
ixis÷jd f.k bÈßhg Ndjkdj f.k hd hq;=h' fï l%ufhka w¾y;a
ud¾.h olajd Ndjkd l%uh is;d .eksu wmyiq ke;'
171
M, iudm;a;shg iuje§u'
—foj fLd wjqfid mpphd wksñF;dh fpf;d úuqF;shd
iudmF;shd innksñF;dkx p wukisldfrd wksñF;dh p Od;=hd
ukisldfr˜51
hkq fyhska —weje;aks" wksñ;a; fpf;d úuq;a;s ixLHd; M,
iudm;a;shg iuje§ug m%;Hfhda fofofkls' ^lreKq folls& rEmd§
ish¨ ixialdr ksñ;s fufkys fkd lsÍu h' ^thska ys; fjka lr
.ekSuh' wksñ;a; Od;= ixLhd; ksjk fufkys lsÍu o hkq hs'
fidajdka wd§ ud¾. - M, ,nd.;a wdhH_ Y%djlhd úiska
úfõlia:dkhg meñK is; ;ekam;a lrf.k ixialdrd-
ïuKhkaf.ka is; fjka fldg f.k ksjka wruqKg is; fhduqlr
f.k ;ud ,nd .;a ud¾.fha M,h ,nïjd hs wêIaGdkh lr.; hq;=
h' tfia wêIaGdk lrf.k Wohínhd§ jYfhka ixialdrhka
fufkys l< hq;= h' fufia úo¾Ykd l%ufhka iïmQ¾K ùfï §
ixLdrdrïuK f.d;%N+ {dkhg wk;=rej M,iudm;a;s jYfhka
^M,hg meñKSï jYfhka& ksjfkys is; msysghs' fuys f.d;%N+
hhs i|yka lrk ,ofoa fjdaodk kñka ,efnk Ñ;a;h i|yd h'
th ixLdrdrïuKh m%:u ud¾.fha § i|yka lrk ,o f.d;%N+
Ñ;a ; h ks í ndkdrïuKh' M,iudm;a ; s h g wêIa G dk lrk
wjia:dfõ § ld, m%udKh kshu lr .ekSu wjYH h' kshu
ld,fha § WÜGdkh isÿfõ'
51' u' ks' uyd fjo,, iqF;
 172
6'
ksjk'
iïnqoaO foaYkdfjys i|yka jk ksjk jQ l,S úúO jQ o"
.ïNSr jQ o" uyd m%{d iuqodhhka ;=< fndfyda l,la uq¿,af,ys
my< ù me,UqKq meK - ms<s;=re ueÈka tajd wìnjd mek ke.=Kq
úYsIag ;;a;ajfhls' fï ksjk uk#l,ams; jQ ixl,am ud;%hla
fkdj" úoHudk jQ f,!lsl;ajh blau isá" f,daflda;a;r mrud¾:
O¾uhla nj nqÿrcdKka jykafia meyeÈ,s l< fial' ta fufia hs(-
—wFÓ NsCLfj" ;odh;kx" hF: fkj mGú" k wdfmd" k
f;fcd" k jdfhd" k wdldidk[pdh;kx" k ú[[dK[pdh;kx"
k wdls[p[[dh;kx" k fkji[[dkdi[[dh;kx" kdhx
f,dfld" k mrf,dfld" k WfNd pJÈuiqßhd" ;;%dmdyx NsCLfj"
fkj wd.;sx jodñ' k .;sx" k À;sx" k pq;xs " k WmmF;sx" wmm;sgGx"
wmmjF;x" wkdruuKfufj;x" tfijfJ;d ÿCLiid;s'˜52
—uyfKks" hfulays mDÓú Od;=j keoao" wfmda Od;=j keoao"
f;afcda Od;=j keoao" jdfhda Od;=j keoao" wdldidk[apdh;k
is; keoao" ú[a[dk[apdh;k is; keoao" wdls[p a d[a[h;k
is; keoao" fkaji[a[dkdi[a[dh;k is; keoao" fï ialkaO
f,dalh keoao" tys w÷rla ke;s fyhska w÷r ÿr,kakg i|ysre
fofofkl=;a keoao" tfia jQ o" ud¾.-M, is;g wruqKq jk
wdh;kh ^ksjk& we;'˜
uyfKks" tys;a lsisjl=f.a Bula" hdula" isàula urKhla" ueÍ
bmeoaula uu fkd lshñ' fuh lsisjl fkd msysá" m%;Hhkaf.ka
52' Wod' 8 ' 1 mGu ksnndk iqF; nq' c'
173
fkd mj;akd" lsisu wruqKl fkd t,afnk oyfuls' fuh u
ÿflys fl<jr h'˜
—wFÓ NsCLfj" wcd;x wN+;x wl;x wiXL;x" fkdfp;x
NsCLfj wyúiid wcd;x wN+;x wl;x wiXL;x khsO cd;ii
N+;ii l;ii iXL;ii ksiirKx m[[dfh:" hiud p fLd
NsCLfj" wFÓ wcd;x wN+;x wl;x wiXL;x ;iud cd;ii
N+;ii l;ii ksiirKx m[[dh;s'˜53
—uyfKks" ^fõokd§ka fuka fya;= m%;Hh iujdifhka&
fkd Wmka" ldrKfhka f;drj f;fï u my< fkdjQ lsij s lska
fkd lrK ,o" m%;Hfhka wixialD; jQ ks¾jdK Od;=j" mrud¾:
jYfhka we;' uyfKks' fï fya;= m%;Hfhka fkd Wmka"
fkd my< jQ" fkd lrK ,o" wixialD;" ks¾jdK Od;=j bÈka
mrud¾: jYfhka wúoHudk kï" fuys fya;= m%;Hfhka Wmka
my< jQ" lrk ,o" ilia jQ ialkaO m[aplfha ksiairKfhla
^ixis£fula& fkd mefkkafka h' ^fkd ,eìhs yels jkafka
h'& uyfKks' hï fyhlska u fkd Wmka" fkd my< jQ fkd
lrk ,o" fkd iliajqKq Od;=fjla mrud¾: jYfhka weoao"
tfyhska Wmka" my< jQ" lrK ,o" ililajqKq ialkaO
m[aplhdf.a ksiairKfhla ^ixis£fula& mefka'˜
fï foaYkd foflka uq, foaYkdfjys § N+;" fN!;sl O¾u
fldgia lsisjlska ksjkg iïnkaOhla ke;s nj olajk ,oafoa h'
fuys § ks¾jdK Od;=j fN!;sl iïnkaOh ,efnk il< rEm
Od;+ k a f .ka fjka jQ O¾uhla nj o ks Y a Ñ ; úh' th wrEm
Od;+kaf.ka fjka jQ O¾uhla nj B<Õg oelajQy' isjqjkqj olajk
,ofoa ksíndk Od;=jg lsis f,dal Od;=jla iïnkaO ke;s nj h'
br y| folska flfrkafka N+; fN!;sl O¾uhka iïnkaO lrf.k
hkq ,nk w÷r ÿr,Sï wdÈh hs' thska ksjkg m%fhdackhla ke;'
tfyhska ta fol ke;' miafjkqjg hdï" Bï" msysàï' bm§ï" pq;ùï
53' Wod' ;;sh ksnndk iqF; 8' 3 nq' c'
 174
ksjfkys ke;s nj jod< y' tajd f,dalfha ,efnk isÿùï fyhsks'
fufia fï iQ;% foaYkd fjka iudkH uyckhdf.a is;g jefok
wkaoñka ksjk meyeÈ,s l< yeá i<ld.; yelsfjhs'
fojk foaYkdfõ woyi thg jvd .eUqre h' hqla;s wkqj
ksjfka úoHdudk Ndjh Tmamq lrk ,§' tys'
1' wcd; kï" Wm;la ke;s nj h" cd;slaLh ^Wm; f.jd,Su&
woyi hs'
2' wN+; kï" ùula ke;s nj h'
3' wl; kï" l< fohla fyda lsÍula ke;s nj h'
4' wiXL; kï" ixialrKhla ke;s nj h'
Wmojkqjg fyda mj;ajkqjg ´kElrk ixialdr ÿlaLfha
wNdjh hk f;areu h' ;jo" cd;slaLh hkq o fjk u tla O¾u
Od;=jls' tfyhska ta fjkaj ,efnk O¾u Od;=j i|yd —kFÓ cd;x
t;ii˜ ^fuhg Wm; ke;& hk f;areu f.k Wm; f.jd oeuQ
O¾u iajNdjh hk woyi ,efí' meyeÈ,s lsÍu fufia úh hq;= h'
ixL; O¾ufhda kï m%;Hh we;s l,ays WmÈkakdyq o" m%;H
ke;s l,ays fkd WmÈkakdyq o fj;s' fufia ta ixL; O¾uhkg
cd;h fuka ue wcd;h o we;s úh hq;= fia ie,flhs'
fkdfhla úêfha wdYdjka cd;h my< lrkq fmfk hs' fkdfhla
úêfha ;ry" fl%daO" oafõIhka" BIH_djka" uiqrelï" fudavlï"
úÑlsÉPdjka" WoaOÉphka" oDIaàka ksid cd;h fmfk hs' fuys
,efnkafka iemla fkd fõ' ;djld,slj ,efnk wdYajdofhka
we;eï úfgl iem yeÕSfula we; o th p, h" fmrf<k iq¨ h'
úmßKdu ÿlska ñßlS hhs' fuhska fjkia j wcd;h kï iemh"
iekiqï iys; h" iykh i,id ,kafka h'
cd;fhka wcd;h Tmamq lsÍu'
cd; ixL;hkaf.a fï mSvdldÍ iajNdjhg f,dalh leu;s
ke;' tfyhska thg úreoaO j fkdfhla úÈfha m%;sl%shdjka
175
lrka k dy' Tjq k a lrk m% ; s l % s h djka kq j Ks k a fhdks f ida
ukisldrfhka f;drùu ksid krl w;g yeÍ ÿla .sks cd,dj jeä
jeã hk ieá fmfkhs'
iir yeu N+ñhl u wvq jeä mSvdldÍ jQ úmßKdu iajNdjfhka
fmfkk fï m%;sM, rdYsh ms<sn| wjidkh i;a;ajhka f.a me;=ï
wkq j ,eìh hq ; = h' th kï iq ÿ iq wkq r Em l% s h d ud¾.hla
wkq.ukfhka w;am;ajk wcd; ;;a;ajh hs' wcd; ;;a;ajh kï
ksjk hhs nqÿrcdKka jykafia jod<y' wcd; ;;a;ajhla ke;akï
cd; ;;a;ajfha ,efnk ÿla.sks ue,fhka msgùula isÿúh fkd
yels h' tfia jk úg f,dal mqreIhd úiska lrkq ,nk ùhH_h"
m%;sm;a;s rdYsh ksIaM, jkafka h' YS,d§ m%;sm;a;s ud¾.h" jkdys
taldka; fMyf,!lsl jYfhkq;a iemh f.k fokafka h' tfyhska
cd;sfhka ksiairKh jQ ksjk ,eìh hq;= h' úoHudk úh hq;= h'
nqÿrcdKka jykafia ksjk ii úidK fuka wúoHdudk
;;a;jhla fkdj" wNdj mod¾:hla o fkdj" úoHudk Ndj mod¾:hla
nj TmamqlsÍug fï iQ;%fha § kHdh l%u folla wkq.ukh l<y'
tkï( wkajh l%uh yd jHd;sfrl l%uh o fõ'
1' wkajh ^wkqm.ud& - ;;a i;a;dhx ;;ai;a;d"
2' jHd;sf¾l -;o i;a;dhdx ;o i;a;d'
hkq ta fol y÷kajk iQ;%hs'
1' ldrKh úoHdudk l,ays ldhH_hdf.a úoHdudk Ndjh
fmkaùfuka m%ia;=;h meyeÈ,s lr,Su wkajh l%uh hs' th hf:dla;
iQ;%fha
—hiud fLd NsCLfj wFÓ" wcd;x wN+;x wl;x wiXL;x ;iud-
cd;ii N+;ii l;ii iXL;ii ksiirKx m[[dh;s'˜
^uyfKks" hï fyhlska wcd;" wN+;" wl;" wixl;h
úoHudk o tfyhska cd;" N+;" l; ixl;hdf.a ksiirKh mefka'&
hk fldgiska oelafj hs'
 176
2' ldrKh wúoHdudk l,ay"s ldhH_hdf.a o wNdjh oelaùfuka
m%i;
a ;
= h meyeÈ,s lr,Sfï l%uh jH;sf¾l hhs' th hf:dla; iQ;f
i|yka
—fkdfp;x NsCLfj" wyúiid" wcd;x wN+;x" wl;x" wiXl;x
khsO cd;ii" N+;ii l;ii iXL;ii ksiirKx m[[fh:˜
^uyfKks" fï wcd;" wN+;" wl;" wixL;h fkdfõ kï fuys
cd; N+;" l;" iXL;hdf.a ksii a rKh fkd ,eìh yelafla h'& hk
fldgiska meyeÈ,s fldg oelajQy'
uyd ldreKsl jQ Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia ;uka jykafia m%;HlaI
fldg oek.;a ^ksnndkx mrux iqLx& mru iemh jQ foúhka w;frys"
nUqka w;frys" ñksiqka w;frys" ish¨ i;=ka w;frys we;s ish¨
iem w;frka W;=ï iemh jQ ^ksíndk iqjh& ksjka iqjh i;a;ajhka
yg myod §ug fndfyda foaYkdjka meje;ajyQ ' Tjqka f.a oDIaácd,hka
,syd,Sug ksíndk máixhq;a; foaYkd meje;ajQy' Tjqka bÈßm;a
l< mek úi£u i|yd tu foaYkdjka meje;ajQy' fkd u.g
jegqkjqka iqu.g fhduq lsÍu i|yd tu foaYkdjka meje;ajQy' nqÿ
iiqklska .;ukd Wiiau m%fhdackh yd idikfha ffk¾hdksl
Ndjh o oelaùug fï foaYkdjka meje;ajQy'
Wkajykafia fï foaYkdjkays § Y%djlhkaf.a wOHdYhkg
.e<fmkakg úúO l%uhka wkq.ukh l<y' we;eï wjia:djl §
rd.laLh" fodailaLh" fudaylaLh" ksíndkh nj fláfhka fmkajy
rd." fodai" fuday" f.ù hdu ksjfka m%Odk ,laIKh hs'
p;=rdhH_ i;H foaYkdfõ §
—fhd ;iidfhj ;Kydh wfii úrd. ks f rdfOd jdf.d
máksiif..d uqF;s wkd,fhd box jqpp;s NsCLfj ÿCL ksfrdOx
wßhippx˜54
hkafkka ;Kaydj uq,alrf.k ;Kaydj ksid ,efnk ish¨u
we,Sï iïmQ¾Kfhka ksreoaO lsÍfuka ksfrdaO i;Hh jQ ksjk
54' Ouu pCk iqF;
177
,efnk ieá jod<y' wkqYh iys; ;Kaydj uq,iqka lsÍu ;Kaydfõ
% ha iuqÉfPo m%ydKh hs' tys § ish¨ flf,iqkaf.a ish¨ Wmëkaf.a
ÿr,Su fjhs' w¾y;a ud¾. {dk M, {dkhg wruqKjq k fï ;;a;j
a h
ksjk ms<sn| by<u wjfndaOh hs jod<y'
—t;x iJ;x" t;x mKS;x" hÈox inn iXLdr iuf:d
innQmê máksiif..d ;KyCLfhd úrdf.d ksfrdfOd ksnndkx'˜55
1' fï ksjk flf,iqkf a .ka isÿjk le<ô,s ke;s fyhska
ixis§fuka hq;= fõ' ksùu we;' le<ô,s ke;' oeú,s" ;eú,s
^or:-mß<dN& ke;'
2' fï ksjk ksrdñi iqjfhka hq;= fyhska m%KS; h' ñysß h'
iemh'
3' ish¨ ixialdr fõ. ixis£ we;' tfyhska fjkia ùï ke;'
úmdl lror ke;'
4' ish¨ Wmëka fkd tk mßoafoka ÿreù we;'
5' wdYd ish,a, u" we,Sï ish,a, u" ne£ï ish,a, u f.ù .sh
iajNdjh hs'
6' we,aula ke;'
7' ish¨ m%jD;a;s ÿla ksreoaO ùfï iajNdjh hs'56
Q ' ksjk ms<sn| foaYkdfõ § nqÿrcdKka jykafia jeäfhka
jHjydrfha fh¥ —ksnndkx˜ hkakg merKshka l< úia;rh fuys
nyd,uq'
—ksnndhJ;s ifnn jgg ÿCL iJ;dmd t;iñJ;s ksnndkx˜
ish¨ jÜg ÿlaL ika;dmfhda fuys § ksfj;akqhs ksjk kï fõ'
fuys ksùu hkq hï laf,aYfhda fyda ixialdrfhda fyda ud¾.h fkd
jevq ;eke;a;d yg bm§ug iqÿiq j isáhdyq o" Tjqyq ud¾.h jevQ
55' wx' ks' kjl ksmd; COdk ksiih iqF;
56' mrdhk mqKKl m[y" Woh m[y
 178
;eke;a;d yg bm§ug kqiqÿiq ;ekg meñKSuh hk w¾: hs'
W;amdodÈ ;%súOlaIKhg m;aj ksreoaO jQ w;S; O¾ufhda ksjqkdyq
fkd fj;s' j¾;udk jQ o" wkd.;fhys wjYHfhka Wmokd jQ o
O¾uhka ms<sn|j lsh hq;af;la u ke;s' ;jo fuys jÜg ÿlaL
ika;dm hkq lsf,i jÜg" lïu jÜg" úmdl jÜg ika;dmfhda h'
fï ;%súO jQ jÜg ÿlaL ika;dmhka ke;s jDlaId§kaf.a wkq;amdo
ksfrdaOh ksjk kï fkd fjhs' —t;iñx˜ ^fuys §& hkq úIhd¾:fhys
i;a;ó úNla;s hs''' —wdldfi il=Kd mCLJoJ;s˜ ^wyfia mlaISyq
mshdU;a& hkq fuks' hfulska Tjqyq ksfjoa o Tjqkg thska f;dr jQ
wfkla lsishï ksfjk ;efkla ke;' —ksnndhJ;s jd wßhckd
t;iñJ;s - ksnndkx˜ wdhH_ ckfhda fï ksjkska ksfjkakqhs ksjk
kñ' ^ksnnJ;s ërd h:dhx m§fmd& tys ksfj;a hkq ta ta laf,aY
ialkaOhka kej; yg fkd .kakd njg meñKSu hk w¾: hs'
fuys ÿ" —t;iñx˜ hkq úIhd¾:fhys i;a;ñ úNla;s hs' —fuh ,en
.;a l,ays˜ hkq o w¾: lsh;a' —NjdNjx úJkf;d ixisnnkf;d
jdkdx jqpp;s ;Kyd ;f;d ksCLJ;J;s ksnndkx˜'
^l=ÿ uy;a Njhka tlg .,mk fyhska ;Kaydjg jdk hhs
lshkq ,efí' ta jdk ixLHd; ;Kaydfjka kslauqfKa ksjk hs'& hkq
o ú.%yfhls' —ksnnd;s tf;k rd...s wdÈfld;s-ksnndkx˜ hkq
úNdúkS àldfjys i|yka tla ú.% y fhls ' ud¾.fhys fuka
ks¾jdKfhys lrK idOkhla fkd olakd fyhska th kqiqÿiq h'
ks¾jdKh ksínq;s l%shd idOdkfhys l¾;D yg iyldr m%;H fkd
uefjhs' tfyhska o th kqiqÿiq h'57
ksnndkxmk -
1' f,dl=F;r ixLd;x
2' p;=u.. [dfKk ipýld;nnx
3' u..M,dkud,unkN+;x
57' m' È' 21 msg
179
4' jdkdixLd;dh ;Kydh ksCLJ;F;d ksnndkJ;s mjqpp;s'58
ksjk 1' Nd.Hj;=ka jykafia úiska f,dl=;a;rh hs jodrK
,§' ta fufia hs (-
—l;fu Ouud f,dl=F;rd" pF;dfrdp wßh u..d" pF;dßp
idu[[M,dks" wiXL;dp od;= bfu Ouud f,dl=F;rd˜55 hs'
f,daflda;a;r O¾ufhda ljryq o@ i;r ud¾.fhda h" i;r
M,fhda h" wixL; Od;=j h" hk fudjqyq f,daflda;a;r hhs lshkq
,efn;s' fuys wixL;Od;= kï ksjk hs' fï l:dfhka ksjk
m%{ma;s ud;%fhka j<lhs' f,dal jHjydrfhys isÿ jQ m%{ama;shla
f,daflda;a;r úh fkd yels fyhsks'
2' ksjk isjq u. keKska mila l<hq;= jQfhah' weia we;a;yq
úiska weiska i|u~, olakd fia" ud¾. {dk,dNS wdhH_ ckhd
úiska m%;HlaI jYfhka oek.; hq;= jQfha h" hkq woyi hs' fï
m%;sfõO {dkhg f.dÿre nj oelajQ ieáhs' fï ksjk i;r ud¾.
{dkfhka o; hq;= fyhska tn÷ m%;sm;a;s ud¾.hg msgqmd isá wkaO
mD:.ackhdg th úIh fkd fõ' cd;HdkaOhdg i|u~, fuks'
weia ke;shkg fkd fmkqK muKska i|u~, ke;e hs fkd lsh
hq;= fõ' tfiau nd, mqyqÿka yg fkd jegfyk muKska ksjk
ke;e hs fkd lsh hq;= h' —ipýld;nnx˜ hk fuhska mrud¾:
fyhska úoHudk fkd fõ kï th iajrEm jYfhka flfia m%;HlaI
fõ o@ fï folrefKka u ta ksjk kqjKe;s l,HdK mD:.ackhkg
wkqudk isoaO nj o olajhs' wkqudkfhkq ÿ ;udf.a kqjKg fkd
jegfyk m%ldY fkd jQ fohla idlaId;a lsÍug W;aidyfhka fkd
ue ,efí' idlaId;a isoaêh ,efnkqfha W;aidyfhks'
3' —u..M,dkud,unk N+;x˜ ud¾.-M, Ñ;a;hkg wruqKq
jQ hk fuhska ud¾.-M,hkg ksjk yer wkH lD;H isoaêhla
ke;s nj olajhs' thska u ksjk ms<sn| ufydcIal Ndjh o" uyd
f;cIal Ndjh o" olajk ,oafoa h'
58' wNs'
 180
4' —jdkiXLd;dh ;Kydh ksCLJ;F;d-ksnndkx˜ ;Kaydj
jkdys wOHd;au nysoaOd§ ialkaOhka iïnkaO lrñka mj;afka h'
tfyhska jod<y' —wfJ;d cgd nys cgd cgdh cá;d mcd˜ hs ta
;Kaydj yqK ,eyefnl w;=m;r fuka tlg iïnkaO lrk
w¾:fhka —jdk˜ hk ix{dj ,nhs' ta jdkfhka kslauqKq fyhska
—ksjk˜ hhs lshkq ,efí' —kslaóu˜ kï ta ;DIaKdjf.a úIh Ndjh
blauf.k isàu hs'
fufia fyhska úia;D; fï ksjk iajlSh Ydka;s ,laIKfhka
tlúO h' Ydka; ,laIKh kï wOHd;au iïN+; jQ ;%súO jÜg
ika;dmhka ksjd,Su h' Tjqka ish¨ wdldrfhka wNdjhg muqKjq d,Su
h' iajNdj ,laIKfhka talúO jQ is; cd;s O¾u fyhska cd;s-N+ñ
iïm%fhda. fNaofhka o" Èid foaY" mqoa.," fNaofhka o" Nskakj
mj;akd fia fï ksjk Nskak fkd fjhs' iajNdj jYfhka o" jia;=
jYfhka o wNskakj u mj;S'
;jo" wkjrd.% ixidrfhys w;S; wkd.; j¾;udk wjëkays
ksjkam;a nqÿ" mfianqÿ" uyry;a W;=ukaf.a ksjfkys ld, mqoa.,
fNao úiska lsisÿ fjkila fkd oelaúh yels h' —ú[[dKx
wksoiikx-wkJ;x innf;d myx˜ hkq jodrK ,oafoa tfyhsks'
tys —ú[[dKx˜ hkq ixL; O¾uhka ms<sn| nj ksfrdO Ndjfhka
isoaO fyhska th ta iajNdjfhka u o;hq;= jQfha h" hk f;areu h'
—wksoiikx˜ hkq wksñ;a; O¾uhla fyhska nd, mD:.ackhkaf.a
o¾Ykhg úIh jQ lsishï ksñ;a;lska oelaùug fyda ySk m%KS;d§
fNaofhka fnod fmkaùug fyda kqiqÿiq jQfha h hk f;areuh'
—wkJ;x˜ hkq mQ¾jdka; wmrdka;fhka f;dr jQfha h' ksjfka uq,
fyda w. fyda wka; jYfhka lsh fkd yels h' —innf;d mNx˜ hkq
jÜgÿlaLhkg m%;smlaI je isoaO jQ wkka; .=KdjNdIfhka
i¾jm%ldrfhka m%Ndj;a h hk f;areu h'
ta wdldrfhka fkd oelaúh hq;= O¾uhla jk fyhska wkjrd.%
ixidrfhys ish¨ Èidjkays o" wij,a ld,fhys wij,a Èidfjys
181
ke;ehs fkd lsh hq;= jQfha h' ljr fyhska o@ wdhH_ ud¾.h
jvkakd úiska hïlsis lf,l hïlsis ;efkl § wjYHfhka m%;súO
l< yels neúka ish¨ l,ays" ish¨ ;kays ,efnk fyhsks' fuh
jodrK ,oafoa ue hs' —fihH:dms NsCLfj" hd ldÑ f,dfl ijJ;sfhd
uyd iuqoox wfmmJ;s" hdp wJ;,sCLd Odrd mm;J;s" k f;k uyd
iuqooii W!kF;x jd mQrF;x jd m[[dh;s' tjfuj fLd NsCLfj
nyqfpms NsCLq wkqmdÈfiidh ksnndk Od;=hd mßksnndhJ;s k f;k
ksnndk Od;=hd W!kF;x jd mQrF;x jd m[[dh;s˜ hs w¾: l:djkays
o" —k f;k ksnndk Od;=hd W!kF;x jd mQrF;x jd m[[dh;s˜
hk ;ek wixfLhH uyd l,amhla ys ÿ nqÿjreka my< fkd jQ
l,ays tl i;a;ajfhl=gj;a msßksjkla fkd yels fjhs' ta l,ays o
ks¾jdK Od;=j ysiahe hs fkd lsh yels h' nqoaO ld,fhys jkdys
tla tla O¾u iud.fulays wixfLhH .Kka i;a;ajfhda ksjka
,n;s' tl,ays o ks¾jdK Od;=j msrefKah hs lsh fkd yels nj
olajk ,oafoa h' n%yau ksuka;k iQ;%fhys o —ksnndkx wksoiikx
wkJ;x innf;d mNx˜ hkq ish¨ Èidfjka m%Nd iïmkakh' wkalsis
O¾uhla ks¾jdKhg jvd w;sYhska mdßY=oaO fyda w;sYhska mdKavr
fyda fkd fõ' fkd fyd;a yeu me;af;ka u ,efnkafka h' lsis
;ekl ke;e hs fkd lsh yels h' mQ¾j ÈYd§ka w;=frys wij,a
ÈYdfõ ksjk ke;s hs fkd lsh hq;= nj lshk ,§'
fufia j;=ÿ fï ksjk ksreoaO jQ ff;%ld,sl O¾uhka weiqfrka
m%;HCI Ndjhg m;ajk Ou_hla jk fyhska ksreoaO jQ O¾uhkaf.a
fNaofhka m%yskakj ^wdldr follska& oelal yels h' tfyhska
iWmdÈfiai ksíndk Od;= h" wkqmdÈfiai ksíndk Od;=h hs
ialkaOhka ms<n
s |-Ndjkdj f,aYfhka fojeoEreï fldg olajd ;sfí'
iWmdÈfii ksnndk Od;=j ( —WmdÈh;s ;Kyd ÈgÀys N=ix
.hy;S;s-WmdȘ ;Kayd ÈÜÀ folska .kq ,nkafka WmdÈ kñ"
WmdÈkak LJO m[aplh hs' —fid tj tl fofikjd wkjfifik
jd mySfkys luu lsf,fiys fifid;s WmdÈfifid˜ ta WmdÈ ixLHd;
 182
WmdÈkak LkaO m[plh u tal foaYhlska fyda ksrjfYaI jYfhka
fyda m%ySK jQ l¾u laf,aYhka f.ka fYaI jQfha WmdÈfiai kñ'
—ixúcc;s ;iñx iJ;dfk WmdÈfifid hiid wê.; ldf,ys
iWmdÈfifid˜ ^fidmdÈfiid& hulayq f.a wê.; ld,fhys
WmdÈfiaih fõ kï ta fidamdÈfiai hs'
ksíndkOd;= hkq ksínq;s iajNdjh hs' ksùfï ,laIKh hs'
—i WmdÈfiid p id ksnndk Od;=pd;s-iWmdÈfii ksnndk Od;=˜
hkq fuys iudih hs' —kFÓ ;iñx iJ;dfk WmdÈfifid hiid
wê.;ldf,;s wkqmdÈfiid' wkqmdÈfiidp id ksnndk Od;= fp;s"
wkqmdÈfii ksnndk Od;=˜ hkq ú.%y jdlHh hs' b;sjq;a;lfhys
fuh jodrK ,§' —fojud NsCLfj ksnndk Od;=fhd" l;ud foj@
iWmdÈfiid p ksnndk Od;= wkqmdÈfiid p ksnndk Od;=˜ hkdÈ
hs' tys m%:u laf,aY mßks¾jdKh hs' oaú;Sh ialkaO mßks¾jdKh
hs' mYaÑu h iïmrdhsl ks¾jdKh hs' tfyhska jod<y'
—tld ys Od;= bO ÈgG Ouñld
iWmdÈfiid NjfkF;s iXLhd
wkqmdÈfiid mk iumrdhsld˜ hs
wx.=;a;r ksldfha i;a;l ksmd;fhys WNf;daNd. úuq;a;
m[a[d úuq;; a laIK
S dY%jhka fofokdf.a LkafOdamdÈfiai jYfhka
o" ldh ilaÅ ÈÜÀmam;a; ioaOd úuq;a; OïudkqidÍ ixLHd; i;r
ffYlaIhkaf.a wdroaO úmiail fhda.S l,HdK mD:.ackhdf.a o"
laf,afYdmdÈ jYfhka o" meyeÈ,s fldg we;af;a h' tysu kjl
ksmd;fhys wJ;rd mßksnndhs - Wmypp mßksnndhs - wiXLdr
mßksnndhs - iixLdr mßksnndhs - WoOxfid; wlksgG.dó hk
wkd.dó mqo.
a ,hka miafokdf.a o" ilod.dóyqf.a o" fid;dmkakfhka
;=kafokdf.a o hk fiL mqoa., kjfokdf.a lsf,fidmdÈfii
Ndjh meyeÈ,s fldg jodrK ,§' fk;a;sfhys jkdys w¾y;a M,h
o iWmdÈfiih hs' pq;shg wk;=rej ialkaOfhkaf.a wkq;amdoh
wkqmdÈfiih hs' hï fyhlska m%;sikaê ialkaOfhda flf,iqka
183
we;s l,ays u my<fjoao" ke;s l,ays my< fkdfjoao' tfyhska
Tjqyq o flf,iqkaf.a laIh yd iu. u f.ùhkakd y' pq;sh f;la
mj;a k d j¾;udk ia l ka O ika ; dkh jkdys la I S K dY% j hka
jykafiaf.a mQ¾j Njfhys meje;s l¾u laf,aY M,h hs' pq;s
laIKfhys th ksreoaOùu o O¾u;d jYfhka isÿ fõ' Bg wk;=rej
mqkre;am;a;h
s ke;sùu o laf,aYh iu. u O¾u;d isoO
a hs'
hï fyhlska ixL; O¾ufhda kï m<sfndaO iys; iajNdjhla
ork fyhska fkdfhla m<sfndaOfhka ckhd ks;r fm<oao" Ydka;
iqLdiajdohg wjysr flfroao" iksñ;a; iajNdj fyhska flf,iqkfa .a
o" crduKd§ ish¨ wk¾:hkaf.a o" msysák ;eka fõ o@ me;=ï iys;
iajNdj fyhska ish¨u ÿlg uq,a jQ wdid ÿl wjq;a ks;r u fm<;a o"
ta ixL; Ndjfhka f;dr jQ Od;=j thg m%;m s laI .=K fNaofhka
iq[a[;" wksñ;a; wmamKsy; s lshd ;sú
% O fldg olajd ;sfí'
1' ta ish¨ m<sfndaOfhka Y=kH jQfha - fjka jQfha iq[a[;
kñ' ilaldh ÈÜÀh we;s l,ays nd,hkg lïu m<sfndaO;a" wmdh
ÿlaL m<sfndO;a hï muK fõ o" mKaä;hkg t muKg thska
wdrCIdùfï ^/lSfï& ldhH_ m<sfndaOh fõ u h' ta ish¨ ilaldh
ÈÜÀ uQ,l m<sfndaOhka ksreoaO lsÍug ilaldh ÈÜÀ ksfrdaOh u
iu;a fjhs' t mßoafoka u rd.d§ flf,iqka uq,afldg yg.kakd
m<sfndaOhka ksreoaO jkafka rd." fodai" fuday m%ydKfhks' fufia
ksjk ish¨ m<sfndaOhka f.ka Y=kH fyhska iq[[; kï fjhs'
2' —wksñF; úfudCL˜ hk ;ek ksñ;a; kï W;amdoh;a
uq,afldg we;s ´,dßl wdlrh hs' ixL; O¾ufhda fï wdlrfhka
hql;a ù flf,ikqg N+ñ jQy' crd urKhg N+ñ jQy' ish¨ wk¾:hkg
jia;= jQy' fufia fyhska u ta ixL;fhda l, Èid foai ika;dkd§
fNaofhka fyda ySk m%KS;d§ fNaofhka fn§ mj;akdy' ksjk jkdys
ish¨ ksñ;a; O¾uhkaf.a ksfrdaO Ndjfhka isoO
a fyhska tys ksñ;a;
ke;akqhs wksñF; kï fõ'
 184
th jkdys ish¨ laf,aYd§ wk¾:hkag N+ñ jQ ^jia;= jQ& ksñ;a;
O¾uhka úoaOjixkh fldg ta wk¾:hkaf.a wNdjh isÿflfrñka
ks;s msysgd ;sfí' th ld, fNaofhka fkd fnfohs' fï ksjk
wij,a ld,fhys msßksú nqÿjrhkaf.a h hkd§ mx;s lsÍfula ke;'
3' —wmmKSy;s ˜ hk ;ek mKsy; s hkq m%KOs dkh hs' m%d¾:kdj
hs' mKsê" mKsOdk wdid" ð>pPd" msmdid hkq iudkd¾: Yíofhda h'
ixL; O¾uhkaf.a iajNdjh" fld;rï ,efn;;a ìfok ke;sjk
.;sh fyhska kej; kej;;a ,en.ekaug wdid ÿl ÈhqKq lsÍu h'
wdid ÿfla mrf;rla ke;' ish¨ ÿlg uq, wdid ÿl h' ksjk
jkdys msmdi úkhk iajNdjh fyhska wdid ixLHd; jQ ish¨ ;DIaKd
m%Ksê o úkhk lrñka úoaOjxYkh flrñka mj;akd fyhska tys
mKsys; h' ^m%Ksêh& ke;akqhs wmamKsys; kï ù' fuys § iem
foj¾.h o; hq;= fõ' fjohs; wfjohs; ^Ydka;& lshd iemh fo
mßÈ h' foõ" nU" ñksia wd§ jYfhka Wm;ska ,nk iïm;a ish,a,
fjohs; iqL iajrEm fjhs' ta jkdys weis,a,la mdid fjkia jk iq¿
fjhs' ta ish¨ iem bula ke;s wdid ÿl kej; kej; jvkafka u
h' tfyhska fõohs; h' taldka;fhka ÿla u h' —hx ls[Ñ fjohs;x
innx ;x ÿCLiñx˜59 hs jodf<a tfyhsks' hï fyhlska ksjfkys
ú£ula fkdue;s kï tys ljr iemhla oehs úpd, ;eke;a;d g
oïfifkú ießhq;a ysñhka jodf<a" —t;fofjF: wdjqfid iqLx"
hfoF: kFÓ fjohs;x˜60 hs weje;aks" ksjk iem jkqfha ú|Sula
ke;slu ksidu h hkqfjks'
—wfjohs; ^Ydka;s& iqLh˜ kï ;ud ;=< Wmkakd jQ flf,iqka
kqjKska úuid n,d Bg iqÿiq O¾uhka m%;HdfõlaId fldg th
j<ld,Su;a" tfiau bm§ug bÈßm;a flf,iqka oekf.k thg bv
fkd ;nd l,HdK O¾uhka is ; ;= < Èhq K q lr .eka u ;a "
meñfKkakg ;sfnk wmdh ÿl i,ld thska ñ§ug m%;smkakùu;a"
hk fï wdldrfhka hf:dla; úreoaO lreKqj,ska ñ§fï iemh hs'
59' ix' ks' nq' c' 2 - 84 msg
60' ix' ks' nq' c' 5 - 676 msg
185
ish¨ fjohs;hka fj<d.;a wdid ÿl h<s;a fkd Wmokd fia ixis÷jd
.ekSu Ydka;s iemfha wdYh fõ' th .emafldg we;s fï —wmmKsy;
s ˜
hk moh ksjk ms<sn| b;d Wiia .=K mohls'
—iq[[;" wksñF;" wmmKsys'˜ hk ;%s fNaofhka oelafjk
fï ksjk —Lh Od;= h˜ —ksfrdO Od;= h˜ hs o jHjydrhg meñKsfha
h' ta jkdys wdkdÈu;a ixidrfhys wOHhd;au wêYhs; laf,aY
cd;h ud¾. laIKfhys f.jd oeófuka" ksreoaO lsÍfuka isÿ jQfha
h' th tla mrud¾: O¾uhls' ks¾jdK mrud¾:h hs' laIh lsÍfï
w¾:fhka o" ksreoaO lsÍfï w¾:fhka o" iajNdjfhka úoHdudk
fyhsks' th m%{ma;s rEmfhla fkd fõ' ldh-{dk folays iajrEm
jYfhka Wm,íO fyhsks'
ksjk ldh-{dk folays iajrEm fyhska Wm,íOjkqfha flfia o@
—PJo cdf;d Wiiy;s WiiysFjd ;=f,;s" ;=,hsFjd moy;s'
mys;fF;d iudfkd ldfhk fpj mruippx ipýlfrd;s" m[[dh
p kx máúpPCO mii;s˜61
hk foaYkd fjka iqo¾Ys; jQfha ;o¾:h hs' tys lhska m%;HlaI
lsÍu kï w.la uq,la ke;s ixidrfhys wOHd;auh ;jñka" ojñka"
fm<ñka wd flf,iqka ud¾. laIKfhys wOHd;aufhys u ksreoaO
lsßu hs' ksjd oeóu hs' fufia lhska m%;HlaIfldg kej; m%;HfõlaId
lrñka wOHd;aufhys isÿjQ ta ksreoaOùu kqjKska oel .kS' fuh
{dkfhka m%;HlaI lsÍu hs'
—mouppq; uppJ; - uiXL; ukqF;rx"
ksnndkñ;s NdiJ;s - jdk uqF;d ufyiifhd˜62
—pq;shla ke;s" mQ¾jdka;" wmrdka;hka blau isá" ixialrK
lD;H rys; jQ" wkq;a;r jQ" mrudr: O¾u fldÜGdYh ks¾jdKh˜hs
;DIaKd uqla; uy¾Isjrfhda lsh;a'
61' u' ks' pXls iqF;
62' wNs
 186
fufia olajk ,o fï f,daflda;a;r jQ ks¾jdK Od;=j
,nd.ekSu l%udkql+, m%;sm;a;s ud¾.hlsks úh hq;af;a' ÿlaL
ksfrdaO.dñkS m%;smod kï jQ wdhH_ wIagdx.sl ud¾.h ta ms<sn|
m%;sm;a;s ud¾.h hs' fï wdhH_ ud¾.h l%ufhka jvd .; hq;= jev
ms<sfj<ls' fï lshk ,o m%;sm;a;s ud¾.h u;= i|yka uÊCêu
ksldfha tk pÙlS iQ;%dkqjdofhka meyeÈ,s jkq we;'
yg.;a ieoeye we;sfha t<fU hs' t<fUkqfha m¾hHqmdikh
flfrhs' m¾hHqmdikh lrkqfha lka k;= flfrhs' k;= l< lka
we;sfha oyï wihs' oyï wid Orhs' oerE oyï ys were;a msßlaihs'
wre;a ms ß la i kq j yg O¾ufhda jegfy;s ' oyï jegyS ï ^Ouu
kscCOdkCLJ;s& we;s l,ays l¾;=luH;d PJoh Wm§" yg.;a PJo
we;sfha W;aidy lfrhs' W;aidy ^jEhï& fldg ^wks;Hd§ úiska
;SrKh& flfrhs' ;=,kh fldg m%Oka ùhH_ flfrhs' ksjkg
fufyhQ is;a we;af;a ^kdu& lhskÿq i;Hh ^ksjk& m%;HlaI flfrhs'
m%{dfhkq ÿ flf,ia úksúo olS' Ndroajdcfhks" fuf;lska ue'''
i;HdkqfndaOh fjhs' fuf;lska i;H wkqfndaO flfrhs' fuf;lska
je,s;a wms i;HdkqfndaOh mkjï y' t mufKlska i;Hdkqm%dma;s
fkdfõ ue hs'
—Nj;a f.!;uhka jykai" fu mufKlska i;HdkqfndaOh
fjhs' fu mufKlska i;HdkqfndaOh flfrhs' fu mufKlska
je<s;a wms i;HdkqfndaOh olajïy' Nj;a f.!;u fhks' lS
mufKlska je<s;a i;Hdkqm%dma;sh fõ o@ lS mufKlska je<s;a
i;Hhg meñfKa o@ wms i;Hdkqm%dma;sh Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqï y ˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks' tue O¾uhkaf.a wdfiajkfhka" Ndjkfhka"
nyq,SlrKfhka" i;Hdkqm%dma;sh fjhs' Ndroajdch" fu mufKlska
i;Hhhg meñfKhs' fu mufKlska je<s;a wms i;Hdkqm%dma;sh
mKjïy˜ hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" fu mufKlska i;Hdkqm%dma;sh fjhs'
fu mufKlska i;Hhg meñfKhs' fu mufKlska je<s;a wms
187
i;Hdkqm%dma;sh ol=ïy' Nj;a f.!;ufhks" je<s;a i;Hdkq m%dma;shg
^M, m%;HCIhg& ljr O¾ufhla nyqldr fõ o@ nyqldr O¾uh wms
Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska mq¿jqiqïy˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" i;Hdkqm%dma;shg m%Odkh ^ud¾.mOdkh&
nyqldr fjhs' bÈka f;, ud¾. m%Odkh fkd flf¾ kï fï
i;Hhhg fkd meñfKkafka h' hï fyhlska ud¾. m%Odkh flfrhs
o tfyhska i;Hhg meñfKhs' ^i;H ,nhs& tfyhska i;Hdkqmd% ma;h
s g
m%Odkh nyqldr fõ h˜ hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" je<s;a ud¾. m%Odkhg ljr oyfula
nyqldr fõo@ ud¾. m%Odkhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka
w;ska mq¿jqiqïy˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" m%Odkhg ;=<kdj nyqmldr fjhs' bÈka ;=<kd
fkd flf¾ kï" fï m%Odka ùhH_ fkd lrkafka h" hï fyhlska
je<s;a ;=<kd flf¾ o" tfyhska ud¾. m%Odkh flfrhs' tfyhska
m%Odkhg ;=<kdj nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" ;=<kdjg je<s;a ljr O¾ufhla nyqldr
fõ o@ ;=<kdjg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska mq¿jqiï
q
y˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" ;=<kdj jHdhduh nyqldr fjhs' bÈka jHdhdu
fkd flf¾ kï fï ;=<kdj fkd lrkafka h' hï fyhlska je<s;a
jHdhdu flf¾ o@ tfyhska ;=<kh flfrhs' tfyhska ;=<kdjg
jHdhduh nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" jHhduhg ljr O¾ufhla nyqldr
fõ o@ jHdhduhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqï˜y'
—Ndroajdcfhks" jHdhduhg ^l¾;=hluH;d& PJo nyqldr fjhs'
bÈka PJoh kQmÈkfka kï fï jHdhdu fkd lrkafka he' hï
fyhlska je<s;a PJoh Wm§ o" tfyhska jHdhdu flfrhs' tfyhska
jHdhduhg PJoh nyqldr fj˜hs'
 188
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" PJohg ljr oyfula nyqldr fõ o@
PJohg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska mq¿jqiqïy˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" PJohg Ouu kscCOdkCLJ;sh ^oyu jegySu&
nyqldr fjhs' bÈka O¾ufhd ne,Su fkd iy;a ^fkd jgy;a& kï
fï PJo kQmofka he' hï fyhlska je<s;a O¾ufhda jgy;a o"
tfyhska" PJoh Wm§' tfyhska PJohg OïuksÊCOdklaLka;sh
nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" Ou_ ksOHdkËdJ;shg ljr oyfula
nyqldr fõ o@ O¾u ksOHdkËdka;sh nyqldr oyu wms Nj;a
f.!;uhka w;ska mq¿jqiqï˜y'
—Ndroajdcfhks" Ou_ ksOHdkËdJ;shg wre;a úuiSu nyqldr
fjhs' bÈka wre;a fkd úuid kï fï O¾ufhda fkd jgy;a' hï
fyhlska je<s;a wre;a úuid o" tfyhska O¾ufhda jgy;s' tfy;a
oyï jegySug wre;a úuiSï nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" wre;a msßlaiSug ljr oyfula nyqldr
fõ o@ wre;a msßlaiSug nyqldr oyu wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqïy˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" wre;a mSßlaiSug je<s;a oyïoeÍu nyqldr
fjhs' bÈka oyï fkd ord kï fï wre;a fkd msßlaikafka he' hï
fyhlska je<s;a oyï OdrK flf¾ o" tfyhska wre;a msßlaihs'
thska wre;a msßlaiSug O¾u OdrKh nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;uhka jykai" je<s;a O¾u OdrKhg ljr oyfula
nyqldr fõ o@ O¾u OdrKhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka
w;ska mq¿jqiqïy˜ hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" O¾u OdrKhg O¾u Y%jKh nyqldr fjhs'
bÈka oyï fkd wid kï" fï oyï fkd orkafka h' hï fyhlska
je<s;a oyï wid o" tfyhska oyï orhs' thska O¾u OdrKhg O¾uh
Y%jKh nyqldr fj˜hs'
189
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" O¾u Y%jKhg ljr oyfula nyqldr
fõ o@ O¾u Y%jKhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqï˜y'
—Ndroajdcfhks" O¾u .%jKhg fY%d;djOdkh ^lka k;=lsÍu&
nyqldr fõ' bÈka lka k;= fkd flf¾ kï fï oyu fkd weikafka
he' hï fyhlska je<s;a lka kud o" tfyhska oyï wihs' thska
O¾u Y%jKhg fY%da;djOdkh nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" fY%d;djOdkhg ljr oyfula nyqldr
fõ o@ fY%d;djOdkhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqïy˜hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" fY%d;djOdkhg m¾hHqmdikh ^weiqre lsÍu&
nyqldr fjhs' bÈka m¾hHqmdikh fkd flf¾ kï fï fY%d;djOdkh
fkd flfrkafka he' hï fyhlska je<s;a m¾hHqmdikh flf¾ o"
tfyhska fY%d;djOdk flfrhs' thska fY%d;djOdkhg m¾hHqmdikh
nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" m¾hHqmdikhg ljr oyfula nyqldr
fõ o@ m¾hHqmdikhg nyqldr O¾uh wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqïy˜hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" m¾hHqmdikhg t<öu nyqldr fjhs' bÈka
fkd t<fU kï m¾hHqmdikd fkd lrkafka he' hï fyhlska je,s;a
t<fò o" tfyhska m¾hHqmdikd flfrhs' thska m¾hHqmdikhg
Wmixl%uKh nyqldr fj˜hs'
—Nj;a f.!;ufhks" Wmixl%uKhg ljr oyfula nyqldr
fõo@ Wmixl%uKhg nyqldr lreK wms Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska
mq¿jqiqïy˜hs'
—Ndroajdcfhks" Wmixl%uKhg Y%oaOdj nyqldr fjhs' bÈka
Y%oaOdj kQm§ kï Wmixl%uKh fkd lrkafka he' hï fyhlska
je,s;a Y%oaOd Wmofka o" tfyhska Wmixl%uKh flfrhs' t lreKska
Wmixl%uKhg Y%oaOd nyqldr fj˜hs'
 190
wms i;HdkqrlaIKh Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska ms<súishï y'
Nj;a f.dhqï W;=fuda i;HdkqrlaIKh mejiQy' to wmg reiafka;a
iyfka;a fjhs' thskqÿ i;=gq jQïy' wms i;HdkqfndaOh Nj;a
f.!;uhka w;ska ms,súishï y' Nj;a f.!;ufhda i;HdkqfndaOh
m%ldY l<y' to wmg reiafka;a iyfka;a fjhs' thskqÿ i;=gq jQïy'
wms i;Hdkqm%dma;sh Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska ms<súishïy' Nj;a
f.!;ufhda wmg i;Hdkqm%dma;sh m%ldY l<y' to wmg reiafka;a
iyfka;a fjhs' thskqÿ i;=gq jQïy' wms i;Hdkqm%dma;shg nyqldr
lreKq Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska ms<súishïy' Nj;a f.!;ufhda
i;Hdkqm%dma;shg nyqldr lreKq m%ldY l<y' to wmg reiafka;a
iyfka;a fjhs' thskqÿ i;=gq jQïy' wms je<s;a hï hï ue fohla
Nj;a f.!;uhka w;ska úpd<fuda o" Nj;a f.!;ufhda ta ta oehu
m%ldY l<y' to wmg reiafka;a iyfka;a fjhs' thskqÿ i;=gq is;a
we;s jQïy'
—Nj;a f.!;uhka jykai" wms jkdys fmr fufia oekqïy'
uqKavlfhda" Y%uKlfhda" .Dym;Syq" lDIaKfhda" nUyqf.a msámiska
Wmka orefjda ljqryq o@ oyï okakdyq ljryq oehs Nj;a f.!;ufhda
taldka;fhka ug Y%uKhka flfrys Y%uK fm%auh" Y%uKhka
flfrys Y%uK m%idoh" Y%uKhla flfrys Y%uK f.!rjh bmo
jQy' Nj;a f.!;ufhks" b;d ldka;hs' Nj;a f.!;uhka jykai"
b;d ldka; hs" Nj;a f.!;uhka jykafia ud wo mgka fldg
Èúysï ue irK .sh Wmdilfhl= fldg Or;ajd˜63 hs'
ksIal¾Ih'
fï idlÉPfjys § fuhg is;a fhduq l< ud ys;j;a mdGlhkg
fuhska u;=fldg .;hq;= w.he;s woyila oeka myod bÈßm;a lsÍug
iqÿiqhe hs uu is;ñ' thg o Tfí wjOdkh fhdojd,kakg oeka
uu u;la lrñ'
63' u' ks' pXls iqF;
191
Tfí is; ;Kayd msmdid rihka ueoafoa fkdfhlajr ke<ù
ke<ù .sh ieá Tng u;l we;' fkdfhla úÈfha iqkaor jia;+ka
iu. wdidfjka fj<s fj<S" ne,Sfuka" weiSfuka wd>%dKfhka ri
bÍfuka" myi ú§fuka l,a f.jQ ieá" Wiia Èúh" w.kd ld,h"
f.jQ ieá Tng u;l we;'
oeka uola is; kj;d i,ld n,kak'
úuiqï kqjK fhduq lrkak'
tys w.g ,enqfka lsfula o@
;=ÉPNdjh ^ysia nj& fkd fõ o@ wr k<shk is; uo fõ,djlg
fyda kej;=kd fkdfõ o@ th ;ud kshu we;a;' th ;ud oyfuka
,efnk fid÷re mKsúvh" th ;ud iekis,af,a ux fm;g lrk
w;aik" tfy;a ta iuÕu Tfí fyd| is;g hdno je wúoHd kue;s
>k j,dl=<ska jid.;a f,daN" ÈÜÀ" udkd§ flf,ia n,uq¿fjka
Tfí ta kshu iekis,s u. jeiS hk ieá Tng f;areï .; fkd
yels h' tfy;a u|la kej;S úuiqï kqjK - fhdaksfida ukisldrh
fhdojd f;areï .ekSug W;aidy .; uekú'
fï idlÉPfõ § Tng ixL;-wixL; hk jpk úuiSug ,efnkq
we;' thg iïnkaO lrf.k cd;-wcd;" l;-wl; hkq o" ,efnkq
we;' ta wkqj ixLdr-úixLdr jpk o" úuiSug ,efnkjd we;'
fya;= M, jYfhka ,efnk O¾u iuQyh w;frys" hïlsis
fya;=j,ska Wm; ,enQ foa g cd; hs o" l; hhs o" ixL; hhs o
jHjydrh isÿ fõ' tfia fya;j
= lska Wm;la fkd ,o O¾u iajNdjhg
wcd; hhs o" wl; hhs o wixL; hhs o jHjydrh isÿ fõ'
ixLdr - úixLdr hk fo;efkka ixLdr hkq l¾u fõ.hka
/ia lsÍu fyda /ia lrkakd hk f;areu ,efí' tfiau úixLdr
hkq l¾u fõ.hka /ia fkd lsÍu fyda ta l¾u fõ.hka /ia fkd
lrkakd hk f;areï jYfhka ,efí' fï fol fjkqjg wdph-
wmph fol o f;areï jYfhka ,efnk ieá ie,lsh hq;= h'
 192
fufia (- cd;" N+;" l;" ixL; hkq ixidrh hs' jÜgh hs'
wcd;" wN+;" wl;" wixL; hkq ksjk hs' újÜgh hs'
cd;dÈh ÿl h" wcd;dÈh iem h fõ' fï cd;dÈh wcd;d§
iajNdjhg m;aùu kshñ; m%;smodfjlska ie,fihs' tys uq,a moku"
iíndij iQ;%fhys kshñ; mßÈ ,efnk nj ie,lsh hq;= h' tys
—oiifJk myd;nnd wdijd˜ hk úia;rfhys"
fid box ÿCLJk;s fhdksfid ukislfrd;s"
whx ÿCL iuqofhd;s fhdksfid ukislfrd;s"
whx ÿCL ksfrdfOd;s fhdksfid ukislfrd;s
whx ÿCL ksfrdO .dñks mámod;s fhdksfid ukislfrd;s
hkqfjka i|yka úh'
fuys f;areu fufia h' (-
ñ:Hd oDIaá wd§ wdijhka is; ;=< fkd WmÈkd wkaoug
ukisldrh mj;ajk fhda.djprhd fï m[apialkaOh ish kqjKska
mj;aj hs' thska fmkajd jodf<a ÿlaL keue;s wdhH_ i;H wkqfndaOhg
.kakd wldrh hs' fï m[apialkaOh tlla fia f.k bÈßm;a
l<;a" b;d Wiia m%{d ÈhqKqjla we;s flfkl=ka yg uq;a fiiaika
yg tlg ms~q jQ th" kqjKg wiqfldg .ekSu ÿIalr h' thska rEm
Wmdodk ialkaOh fjka fldg is;ska i<ld .; hq;= h' thska rEm
ialkaOh kï rEm rdYsfhls' rEm iuQyfhls' tfyhska rEm ialkaOh
wNs[[d mß[[d jYfhka jgyd .ekSug" ta rEm iuQyh fjka
fldg i,ld ne,S u l< hq ; = h' mGú Od;= j " ,la L K" ri"
mÉpqmÜGdk" moÜGdk wkqj oekSu is; ;=< me<mÈhï jk ;=re
i,ld ne,Su l< hq;= h' mGú Od;=j o fldgia /ilska hqla; fjhs'
tajd o tlla mdid tlg f;areï .ekSu myiq ke;s" mqreÿ l< Wiia
Ndjkd is;a we;shl=g kï th wmyiq ke;' fiiq wh úiska tlla
mdid fjka fjka fldg i,ld ne,Su l< hq;= h' fiiq Od;= fldgia
ms<sn|j o ms<sme§u fufia úh hq;= h' ;ud ;=< jQ fï rEm Od;=
193
fldgia ish,a, foid<sfils' ^42& tajd tys iuqÜGdkhka iys;j
f;areï fíreï lr.; hq;=fj hs'
ta fufiahs (-
mGú fldgia- flaid § 20 hs' thska Woßh" lÍi fldgia yer
b;=re fldgia 18" lïu" Ñ;a;" W;=" wdydr hk i;r m%;Hfhka u
my< fj;s' tfyhska tajd p;= iuqÜGdksl h' fï fldgia 20 ys
iïNdr mGú Od;= wêl fyhska fïjd mGú Od;= fldgia jYfhka
jyr lr;s' fïjd ;=< fiiq Od;= o we;' ta wkqj tlu flgfiys
iug hgj we;s m%foaYfhys l¾ufhka yg.;a mGú wd§ 4 hs'
jKaK" .kaO" ri" ´cd" hk i;r h hs' fï 8 iqoaOÜGlh hs' thg
Ôú;skaøsh yd ldhm%ido rEmh o tl;=ùfuka ldh oilh ,efí'
tfiau lïuc iqoaOÜGlhg Ôú;skaøsh rEmh;a Ndj rEmh;a tl;=
ùfuka Ndj oilh ,efí' fufia flia fldgfiys l¾uc jYfhka
rEm fldgia 20 ls' Ñ;a;fhka yd W;=-wdydr hk m%;H ;=fkka
iuqÜGdkh jkafka iqoO a ÜGl ;=ka j¾.fhls' tfyhska tys rEmfhda
iQúiafils' ^24& tl, ta tl flai fldgfiys mGú fldgia iQid<sfils
^44&' fiiq fldgia 18 ys o fufia u h' fufia fldgia m%{dj jeä
ÈhqKq mqo.
a ,hkg f,fyisfhka jgyd.; yels fj;;a fiiaika
úiska l%ufhka i,a,laLKh mj;ajd kqjKg iïnkaO lr.; hq;=
fjhs' fufia wdfmda Od;= fldgia o is;ks a f.k ie,lSu l< hq;= h'
ta fufiahs (-
ms;a;dÈ fod<iska -
ms;a;" fiïy" f,days;" fïo" ,isld" jid" hk 6 fldgi p;=
iuqÜGdksl h'
fifod" wiaiq" fLf<d" isx>dksld hk i;r W;= Ñ;a; folska
yg .kakd fyhska oaú iuqÜGdksl h'
mqín" uq;a;" fol W;=c h'
 194
f;afcd Od;= fldgia i;frls'
1' ik;dml f;ac - p;=¾c h'
2' Ôrl f;ac - p;=¾c h'
3' mßodyl f;ac - p;=¾c h'
4' mdpl f;ac - l¾uc h'
fï wdldrfhka f;afcda Od;= fldgiaj,g ,efnk f;afcda
rEmhka o kqjKska i,elsh hq;= h'
fï jdfhda Od;= rEm yh fldgig is; fhdouq'
1' WoaOÙ.u jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
2' wfOd.u jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
3' l=Éýih jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
4' fldÜGYh jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
5' wÙ.uÙ.dkqidÍ jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
6' wiaidi miaidi jdfhda Od;= rEmfhda'
hk fudjqka w;ßka wiaidi miaidi jdfhd Od;+ yq Ñ;a;c
fj;s' fiiq fldgia 5 p;= iuqÜGdkh'
fï rEm fldgiaj,g is; ukisldrh meje;aùfï § ;ukaf.a
is ; g m% l g j oefkk fldgilg m<uq f jka is ; fhdod
NdjkdrïNh l< hq;= h' iudêh ÈhqKj
q g m;aùfuka wm%lg fldgia
o m%lg jkq we;'
fï fldgia m%lg j oekSu i|yd lrk uksisldr l%uh" rEm
l¾uiaA:dk Ndjkd l%uh hs' fuh fyd|g m%.=K jQ miq fõokd
ialkaOdÈh o is;ska f.k ukisldrh meje;aúh hq;= h' plaLq
iïMiaicd fõokd § jYfhka oelafjk ihdldr fõokdjka iqL"
ÿlaL" WfmlaLd jYfhka o" idñi" ksrdñi jYfhka o" i,ld fya;=
m%;Hhka iuÕ kqjKska fukys l< hq;= h' ó<Õg rEm i[a[d"
ioaO i[a[d È jYfhka ,efnk i[a[d ialkaOh o" plaLq
195
iïMiaid§ jYfhka ,efnk Miaih o" rEm ú;lal" rEm úpdr" rEm
i[afÉ;kd § jYfhka ,efnk ixialdr ialkaOh yd ird.d §
jYfhka ,efnk ú[a[dK wkqj ú[a[dK ialkaOh o fya;=
iys; j ie,lsh hq;= h'
fï wdldrhg m[apialkaOhg we;=<;a fldgia fjk fjk
u kqjKska i,ld ne,Sfï § tla tla fldgila uq,alr f.k isf;a
;ekam;a lu isÿfjhs' th iudêh hs' ta iudêh ;rùfï § kSjrKfhda
;oÙ. jYfhka m%ySK fj;s' th Ñ;a; úiqoaêh hs' thg Wmldrj
isá p;=mdßY=oaê YS,h" YS, úiqoaêh hs' fodf<dia wdldr wdh;k
jYfhka o" plaLq Od;= wd§ wgf<dia Od;= jYfhka o" uq,ska i|yka
l< m[ap fldgia u w;S; wkd.;d È tfldf<dia wdldrhg nyd
ie<lSfuka o" úo¾Ykd iudêh jeãfuka Ñ;a; úY=oaêh ie,fihs'
fuhska miq fï fldgia ms<sn| j kqjKska fufkys lsÍfï §
imamÉph kdu-rEm jj;a:dkh isÿùfuka ÈÜÀ úiqoê a lÙLd ú;rK
úiqoaê ,efnhs' fï ixiaLdr fldgia ms<sn| Woh jh fol oekSfuka
thska fmf<k ieá kqjKg jgyd .kakd úg —box ÿCLx˜ hk
fhdksfidaukisldrh iïmQ¾K fjhs'
iuqoh i;HhdÈh o fufia iïmQ¾K fjhs' fuhska ioaêkaøshd
§ bkaøsh O¾u iu j jefv;s' fndÊCOÙ.fhda l%shdj;a fj;s' iïud
ÈÜÀ wd§ ud¾.dx.fhda my< fj;s' ksfrdaO o¾Ykfhka ilaldh
ÈÜÁ" úÑlsÉPd" iS,ín; mrdudi ixfhdack ;=k m%ySK fj;s' fï
iíndij iQ;%fhys i|yka ms<sfj,ska fid;dm;a;s u.a. {dkh
,efnk ieá hs'
Wmß ud¾.hka ,nd .kakd ieá —Ndjkdh mN;nnd wdijd˜
hk moj,ska oelafj;s' ta yeáhg uq,ska Wmojd .;a hf:dla; jQ
bkaøSh-ud¾.dx. O¾uhka ÈhqKqjg m;alr .ekSfï § u;= ;=ka
wjia:djl § fyda ih wjiaa:djl § fï ksjk m%;HlaI j wjfndaOh
lr.kq ,efnkjd we;' fï ms<sn| mdrdhK wð; m%Yak ks¾foaYh
fufiah'(-
 196
1' fid;dmF;s u..[dfKk wNsiXLdr ú[[dKii ksfrdfOk
iC; Nfj GfmFjd wku;f.. ixidfr fh WmmfcchHqx kdu[p
rEm[p" tfF:f; ksrecCOJ;s jQmiuuJ;s wF:x .pPJ;s
mámmiiuNJ;s'
2' ilod.dñ u..[dfKk wNsiXLdr ú[[dKii ksfrdfOk
foj Nfj GfmFjd m[piq Nfjiq fh WmmcchHqx kdu[p rEm[p"
tfF:f; ksrecCOJ;s -fm- mámmiiuNJ;s'
3' wkd.dñ u..[dfKk wNsiXLdr ú[[dKii ksfrdfOk
tlx Njx GfmFjd rEmOd;=hdjd wrEmOd;=hd jd fh WmmcchHqx kdu[p
rEm[p" tfF:f; ksrecCOJ;s -fm- mámmiiuNJ;s'
4' wryF; u..[dfKk wNsiXLdr ú[[dKii ksfrdfOk
fh WmmcchHqx kdu[p rEm[p" tfF:f; ksrecCOJ;s -fm-
mámmiiuNJ;s'
5' wryf;d wkqmdÈfiidh ksnndkOd;=hd mßksnndhJ;ii pßu
ú[[dK ksfrdfOk m[[dp" i;s p" kdu[p" rEm[p tfF:f;
ksrecCOJ; jQmiuuJ;s wF:x .pPJ;s mámmiiuNJ;s'
fuys woyi(-
1' fidajka u¾. keu;s m<uqjk f,daflda;a;r l=i, is;
my< ùfï § u¾.dÙ.hka msÍ ksjk oelafï § ixfhdack ;=fkla
m%yK
S fjhs' ^;SKs ixfhdckdks myShJ;s& ta ixfhdack iu. mj;akd
laf,aYfhda o" ta iu. m%yK
S fj;s' i;r wmdh Wm;afok mdml¾ufhda
o m%ySK fj;s' Tjqyq ;ud iudokaj.;a" YslaIdjkays mßmQrldÍ fj;s'
fï ud¾. Ñ;a;fha n,fhka Nj i;la b;=re fldg fiiq Njhkays
Wm; fok l¾u ú{dk ksfrdaOh fjhs' thska fl<jrla ke;s
iir bm§ug iqÿiq j ;snQ kdurEm ish,a, o ksreoaO fj;s' ixisf|;s'
fldklg h;s'
2' ilod.dó ud¾. kï f,daflda;a;r is;ska fï ksjk oelSfï
§ Nj folla yer fiiq nj mil Wm; fok kdu rEm ixialdrfhda
ixisf|;a" ´<dßl ldurd. má> fol m%ySKfj;a'
197
3' wkd.dñ u.a. kï ;=kajk f,daflda;a;r is;ska fï ksjk
oelSfï § wNsixialdr ú{dkfha ksfrdaOfhka ldurd. má>
m%ySKùfuka tla Njhla yer rEm Od;=fjys o" wrEm Od;=fjys o"
WmÈkakg iqÿiq j ;=nQ kdu rEm ixialdrfhda ixisf|;a'
4' wry;a; u.a. keue;s isõjk f,daflda;a;r is;ska fï
ksjk oelSfuka ish¨ flf,ia m%ySKùfuka ish¨ ixialdr ú{dk
ksreoaO fj;s'
5' wkqmdÈfii ksíndk Od;=fjka mßksjka mdkd ry;ka
jykfaiaf.a wka;su pq;s Ñ;a;fha ksfrdaOfhka ÈhqKqjg meñKs
m[a[d i;s wdÈh o ksreoaO fj;s' ixisf|;s'
fufia laIK S dY%j uyry;ka jykafia fï ksjk iïmQ¾Kfhka
o¾Ykh lrkakd y' tfyhska Wkajykafiaf.a Ñ;a; ika;dkfhys
l¾u fõ.hka ckkh lrk ixLdrfhda my< fkd fj;s' Ñ;a;
ika;;sh o Njfhka Njhg iïnkaO lrk mjF; iJ;;dêmf;hH
kï jQ Ôú;skøa h
s j¾;udk Njh mj;ajd .ekSug muKla mj;S'
iÙLdr ixis£fuka wka;u s pq;s Ñ;a;fha § kdu rEm ixLdrfhda
úixLdr njg m;afj;s' mQ¾j fl<jr fkd olakd ixidrfhys fl<jr
fmksK'
^f;idhx mpýud fldá& ish¨ ixLdrhka úixLdr njg m;ajQ
fyhska ^cd;s urK ixidfrd kFÓ f;ix mqknNfjd& kej; Njhla
ke;' fï ksjfka ;;a;ajh hs'
—ksnndkx mrux joJ;s nqoOd˜
x
 198 199

Wmdh - ksis ms<sfj< ^l%uh&

x wkqmdh - wksis ms<sfj<
wkqfrdaO - we,Su
iu: úo¾Ykd Ndjkd ud¾.h
úfrdaO - .eàu
^.egmo ud,dj&
8' m¾hdh - wfkla jpkhlska lSu
msgq wxl wNsOdkhka - kduhka
2' ixfõ.h - Ôú;fha;a ixidrfha;a ìh olakd kqjK ;%súOoajdrh - lh" jpkh" is;
ixfõck - ixfõ.h meje;aùu 9'úo¾Ykd fhda.h- úo¾Ykdfõ fh§u
ËK iïm;a;sh - W;=ï wjia:dj ^nqoafOd;amdo ld,h& cd;s m%{dj - W;am;a;s m%{dj
4' uyoa.; OHdk - rEmdjpr wrEmdjpr OHdkh úmdl m%{dj - úmdl jYfhka ,efnk m%{dj
Njdx. m%{dj - Njdx. isf;a ,efnk m%{dj
5' Ñ;a; úiqoaêh - m[apkSjrKhkaf.ka is; msßisÿ lr.ekSu
WmksY%h - n,j;a fya;=j
ÈÜÀ úiqoaêh - ilaldh ÈÜÀ wd§ oDIaÀj,ska is; msßisÿ
u,.iaidf.k - ls,sá lrf.k
lr.ekSu iudê ialkaOh - iudê /i" iïud jdhdu" iïud i;s"
lxLdú;rK úiqoê a h - ixidr meje;au ms<n
s | ielh ke;s iïud iudê"
lr.ekSu Ók ñoaOh - isf;ys w,ilu yd ffp;islhkaf.a
wdOHd;añl wNsj¾Okh - ;udf.a wNHka;rfha iudê .=K O¾u w,ilu
jeãu iínlsÉp mßkdhsld - yeu lghq;a;lgu u. fmkajk
mßmka: jQ - ndOl jQ Wjÿre mdßydßh m%{dj - lugykla mqreÿ lsÍug wjYH kqjK
Wmlaf,aY - is; ls,sá lrk O¾u wNslalu - bÈßhg hdu
6' ú;¾l - is;=ú,s málalu - wdmiq meñKSu
fhdaksfida ukisldrh - kqjKska fufkys lsÍu wdf,dls; - bÈßh ne,Su
úf,dls; - wkqÈ.a ne,Su" jgmsg ne,Su
Ndjkd ukisldrh - Ndjkd wruqK fufkys lsÍu
iïñ[ack - w;a md yels<su
i;s iïmc[[ - isysh yd kqjK
midrK - w;a md È.= lsÍu
bJøsh oajdrhka - bJøsh fdorgq ^wei" lK" kdih" Èj"
ix>dá - iÕ, isjqr
lh" uki&
m;a; - md;%h
fhda.dkqNdjfhda - fhda.l¾ufha n,h" Ndjkdfõ n,h
Öjr OdrK - isjr
q e oeÍu ^md;%d isjr
q e oeÍu& mdúÉÑ lsÍu
7' wr;s - l=i,a oyï ms<sn| fkdwe,au wis; - wkqNj lsÍu
r;s - m[ap lduhkays we,Su ms; - mdkh lsÍu
 200 201

Ldhs; - lvd lEu ´<dßl ldurd.h - ldurd.fha m%lgj oefkk fldgi

idhs; - ri ú|Su wKqiy.; ldurd.h - ishqï ldurd.h
WÉpdr" miaidj" lïu - u< uq;% mylsÍu rEmrd. - rEmNjhka ms<sn| wdYdj
.; - hdu wrEmrd. - wrEmNjhka ms<sn| wdYdj
À; - isàu WoaOÉp - isf;a fkdikaiqkalu
ksiskak - ys|u
S m%ydkh l< hq;= - w;ay< hq;=
iq;;
a - ks§u
12' m<sfndaO - ndOl
cd.ß; - ksÈ ueÍu
wfhdakfs ida ukisldrh- wkqjK f,i" wksis f,i fufkyslÍ
s u
Ndis; - l;d lsÍu
wdjrKSh - jika lrk" uqjy lrk
;=KaySNdj - ksy~j isàu
id;a:ld§ jYfhka - id;a:l" imamdh" f.dapr" wiïfudy 13' l¾;jHhla - ld¾hhla" jevla
hk iïmc[a[ i;r uyd m%hdYfha - uyd m%h;akfha

10' ksIaGdm%dma; - fl,jrg meñKs 15' wd§kjh - fodaIh

ilalÉpldß;d - ilid ^uekúka& lsÍu fklaLïu i[a[d - .sysf.ka kslaóu ms<sn| woyi
ksñ;a; l=i,;d - ksñ;s ^,l=Kq& ye|sk.ekSfï oË;dj ffkIal%uH - .sysf.hska kslaóu
mys;;a;;d - oeä ù¾hh fh§u me<efUk - n,mj;ajk
wka;rd wixfldapkh - w;ru. fkdmels<u S " miqng fkdùu iuqoh mdËSh - iuqoh i;Hh mËfhys jQ
bJøsh iuka; mámdokh - bJøsh iu;dj ilialr .ekqu 16' prK O¾u - YS,dÈ mif<dia prK O¾u" wdpdr O¾u
úßh iuka; mámdokh - ù¾h iu;dj ilialr .ekqu m[apkSjrKhka - lduÉPkao" jHdmdo" Ók ñoaO" WoaOÉp
úph iu;dfhdackh - lreKq fiùu iuNdjhg muqKqjd l=ll
a É
= p" úÑlsÉPd hk is; wjqrk O¾u
.ekSu wdÔjdIaGul YS, - wdÔjh wgfjks fldg we;s YS,h
m%:u Y%uK - fidajdka wd¾h mqoa.,hd wLKavj - lv fkdfldg
oaú;sh Y%uK - ilod.dó wd¾h mqoa.,hd fNdcfk u;a;[aû;dj- muK oek wyr .ekSu
;D;sh Y%uK - wkd.dó wd¾h mqoa.,hd 17' nyqiaiq; Ndjh - fndfyda weiQ msrE ;eka we;s nj" mq¿,a
p;=¾: Y%uK - w¾y;a wd¾h mqoa.,hd oekqu
11' mrjdofhda - wkH wd.ñl jdo kshHdkdjrK O¾u - ffkIal%uHdÈj j<lajk O¾u
wê.u - Wiia ;;a;ajhlg meñKSu pd;=¾N+ul - N+ñ i;rgwh;a ^ldu" rEm" wrEm"
m%;sfõO - úksúo oelSu f,dal=;a;r&
wd,ïnkh fldgf.k - wruqKq fldgf.k kshHdkh - fklaLïudÈh
 202 203

wdf,dal i[a[dj - wdf,dalh is;g joaod .ekSu 25' f,dal ksfrdaOh - ixialdr f,dalfha keje;au
wúlafLmh - isf;ys fkdúiqreKq nj Wmh - <xùu
18' l=gqïnixrËKh - mjq,a /lSu Wmdodk - w,ajd.ekSu
wNsksfõihka - jeo .ekSï" ßx.d .ekSï
19' Ydik úf,damh - iiqk .idlEu
ÿ¾úpdrh - jerÈ ;¾l l%uh
WNh mËhgu - fomËhgu
26' kdurEm mßÉfþo [dKh - kdurEmhka msßis| oelSfï kqjK
20' m¾hxldikh - trñKsh f.;df.k isàu
lïïÜGdk ukisldrh - lugyk fufkys lsÍu
ú;¾l ks.%yh - ú;¾l ^is;=ú,s& ue~,Su
m%Oka ù¾hh - Wiia uÜgfï ù¾hh
21' ;Kaydjisl fkdù - ;Kaydjg hg;a fkdù n%yauirejka - ;uka weiqre lrk wfkla iÕ msßi
mßfNda. lrñka - mdúÉÑ lrñka YG fkdjQfha - lmá fkdjQfha
wdroaO úßh - wrUk ,o ù¾hh we;s nj
Wohdia;.dñkS m%{dfhka - ixialdrhkaf.a yg.ekSu
id;Épldß - ks;r ^Ndjkdfõ& fhfok
yd ksreoaOùu olakd kqjK
ksíndk iÉýlsßhdfjys - ksjk m%;HË lsÍfuys
hq;;
a mamhq;;
a - fhÿkq" uekúka fhÿkq 27' Wohính [dKh - yg.ekSu yd f.ùhdu olakd kqjK
id:,slj - ,sys,aj ixidr NSrelhka - iir ìh olakjqka
,dN luH;d - isjqmih ,nd.ekSug .sscqùu
22' iq.f;dajdoh - —wmmudfok NsCLfj iumdfo:'''˜ wdÈ
wysßl - mjg ,Êcd fkdjk
nqoaOdjjdoh
wfkd;a;mams - mjg ìh fkdjk
23' Ñ;af;ld.a.;d ud;%hl=ÿ - is; tlÕ lsÍï muKl=ÿ
28' :du n,fhka - fkdief,k Yla;sfhka
m%Kês h - n,dfmdfrd;a;=j" b,lalh
wêfudlaLh - iaÓr wêIaGdkh ^iel jYfhka
fõokd úch - fõokdj ch.ekSu
fõfoda fkdfõfodahs fome;a;g
bJøsh úch - bJøsh oukh
wefokakg fkd§ ueoafoa uqod,Su&
Ôú;sJøsh - ðj;aùu md,kh lsÍfï Yla;sh
29' lel=¿ jQ - fkdoeuqKq
24' Od;= - iajNdj O¾u
m%.%y lD;Hh - Tijd ;eîfï ld¾hh
lrclh - l¾ufhka yg.;a lh
wúfËm lD;Hh - úisr hd fkd§fï ld¾hh
wNsreÑfhla - oeä we,afula
tal ri - tlu lD;Hhlg fhduq jQ
ixlgdjia:djka - ÿIalr wjia:djka
iq; iïm;a;sh - O¾u{dkh 30' wixL; Od;=j - ksjk
 204 205

31' wßh mßfhaikh - W;=ï fiùu kd kd Od;= úks¾fNda.h- ta ta Od;+ka fjkafldg fnod,Su
wkßh mßfhaikh - W;=ï fkdjk fiùu NÙ. [dKh - ixialdrhka ì|s ì|S hkq olsk kqjK
32' Nj.%kaÓ - iir meje;au ;r lrk .eg wkqf,dau [dKh - Wohínhd§ uq,a úo¾Ykd {dk wgg
wkql+,j mj;sk úo¾Ykd {dkh
33' win,je - mq,,
a s fkd.efik fia ^mdv .jhl=f.a fuka&
f.da;%N+ is; - f,!lsl ;;a;j a fha keÕS isà'
wlïudije - ;ek ;ek me,a,ï fkd.efik fia
f,dafla;;a r ;;a;j
a hg fkdmeñKs is;
34' wmamájdks;dj - fkdmiqniakd nj kdu lhska - fõokd§ ialkaO i;'frka
35' wd,ïnk rÊcqj - t,an .ekSug we;s lUh rEm lhska - mGú Od;= wd§ rEm iuQyh
ixidßl mßph - iir mqreoao wkjrd.% ixidrh - w.auq,a ke;s iir
36' wdOHdY iïm;a;sh - Wodr woyia we;s 44' wY%e;j;a - wd¾h O¾uh fkd weiQ
37' iú[a[dKl - ú[a[dKh iys; ^is;a we;s& 45' Y%e;j;a - wd¾h O¾uh weiQ
wú[a[dKl - ú[a[dKh rys; ^is;a ke;s& iqL ixrd.fhka - iemh ms<sn| we,Sfuka
38' l¾;=luH;d Pkaoh- lrkq leue;a; iys; ´kElu myiakd ,ÿfha - iam¾Y lrk ,oafoa
fkdfidiafkah - fYdal fkdlrkafkah
39' TlmamkSj ioaOdj - .=K oekf.k my< lr.kakd Y%oaOdj
l,l=¿ fkdjkafkah - la,dka; fkdjkafkah'
me<fUk l,ays - l%shd;aul jk l,ays
f;, - ta
41' OïuÜÀ;s [dKh - kdurEm O¾uhkaf.a m%;Hh ms<sn| WN;# mËj - fome;a;lska
oekqu ^mÉph mß.%y [dKh& W!re ;oùu - l,jd ;oùu
imamÉph kdurEm o¾Ykh - kdurEm oekSu iy fya;= M, oekSu
´<dßl - f.dfrdaiq
tlúg my<jk o¾Ykh
iqLqu - ishqï
wÊCO;a; jYfhka - ;udf.a ^we;=<;& jYfhka
nysoaOd jYfhka - wkqkaf.a ^ndysr& jYfhka 46' úlaLïNkh lr - hgm;a lr
mÉp;a; ,laLKdjfndaOh - ta ta O¾uhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl úÊcdNd.sh O¾u - úoHd mËfhys,d .efkk O¾u wg
,ËK jgyd .ekSu 47' Lh úrd.fhka - f.ù" uelS hdfuka
iïuik [dKh - fufkys lsÍfï kqjK fÉf;da úuq;a;s - w¾y;a M, iudêh
42' bßhdm: -bßhõ m[a[d úuq;a;s - w¾y;a M, m%{dk
wNsKaym;smS<kh - ks;r ks;r mSvdjg m;aùu kd kd ËKsl úo¾Ykd iudêh - fkdfhlajr my< jQ
>K i[a[dj - rdYshla tlla jYfhka .ekSfï ix{dj úo¾Ykd iudêh
 206 207

48' ;smßjÜg foaYkdj - mßjD;a; ^iajNdj& ;=klska hq;a foaYkdj 66' i;aa;aj ix{dj - zi;a;ajhdZ lshk yeÕSu
49' ufkdauh - ukiskau yg.;a 67' tal mq[achla ù - tl ms~la ù
50' Ndjkd wNsksfõYh - Ndjkdjg we;=¿ùu uyoa.; w¾mKdj - rEm" wrEm OHdk
máNd. ksñ;a; - iu: Ndjkdfõ Wo.%y wjia:dfjka
51' wNjHhl= - Ndjkdfjka m%;sM, ,eîug kqiqÿiafil=
miqj ,efnk iudê ksñ;a;
úmß;fhla - úldrhla
Ñ;a; m%jD;a;sh - isf;ys meje;au 68' tl..;d - tlÕ nj
ksldJ;sh - we,au
52' i,a,laLK Ñ;a; mrïmrdj - fufkys lsÍfï ^ie,lSfï&
is;a ms<sfj< 70' msßis|Sï jYfhka - iSudjka jYfhka
{d; mß{dj - O¾uhkaf.a fm!oa.,sl ,ËKh oek.ekSu 71' ufkdauQ,sl - is; uq,a lr.;a
;SrK mß{dj - O¾uhkaf.a idudkH ,ËKh oek.ekSu 75' f,aY ud;%hla - iq¿ m%udKhla
54' mhH_dma;s - W.; hq;= O¾u 76' wl¾uKH;d - jefvys fhÈh fkdyels nj
wdfhH_dmjdo l¾u - wd¾hhka jykafia,dg fodia mejÍfï
mdml¾u 77' tal;ajdrïuK - tal;ajh wruqKq ùu
wúfCLfmd - fkdúisfrk nj
56' ij,ËK jYfhka - fm!oa.,sl ,ËK jYfhka wúixydfrd - bj;g we§ fkdhk nj
fC,Y jdikd - flf,ia mqreÿ iKÀ;s - tlg isàu
m%ydK mß{dj - flf,ia ÿrelsÍfï kqjK wjgÀ;s - r|d isàu
idËd;a l%shd mß{dj - m%;HË lsÍfï kqjK
Ndjkd mß{dj - jeãfï kqjK 78' mßhqÜGdkhg - keÕS isàug" biau;= úug
idud.%Hh - iu.s nj
59' Ñ;a; iïmylxlikh - is; WfoHda.su;a lr.ekSu m[pdx.sl - wx. mylska hq;a
61' wNsNjkh fldg - hgm;a fldg p;=rx.sl - wx. i;rlska hq;a
cq;Ska - §ma;s mdol Ndjh - mokï ùu
63' kshufhka - taldka;fhka 79' moÜGdk - wdikak ldrKh" moku
64' .=re ia:dkShhl= - .=re ;kays isákakl= 80' wêuqÉpkh - ksYaÑ; wêIaGdkh
65' Ñ;a; boaêmdoh - isf;ys iuDoaêu;a Ndjhg Wmldrl O¾uh ,Sk jQ - w,i jQ
WoaOÉph - isf;ys fkdikaiqka nj
 208 209

81' ydk Nd.sh - msßySï mËfhys jQ wdrïN Od;= - l=iS; Ndjfhka ke.S isák iajNdjh
kslaLu Od;= - l=iSl; Ndjfhka kslafuk iajNdjh
82' wimamdh l%shd - wys;lr l%shd
mrlalu Od;= - m%;súreoaO O¾uhka ue~,k iajNdjh
wkkqfhda.h - fkdfh§u
wdoHdrïNfhys - uq,a wdrïNfhys
lïudrdu;dj - jefvysu fh§ l,a f.ùug we;s we,au
fl!iSoHfhka - l=iS; núka
yiaidrdu;dj - l;dfjys u fh§ l,a f.ùug we;s we,au
ksoaodrdu;dj - kskafokau l,a f.ùug we;s we,au 91' úmq, Ndjh - uy;a nj
iÙ.Ksldrdu;dj- msßilg tlaù l,a f.ùug we;s we,au ifundcCOX.gGdksh O¾u - iïfndaêhg Wmldr jk O¾u
ldudjpr - ldu f,dalhg we;=<;a .%kaÓ ia:dk - .eg¿ ;eka

85' iïm%hqla; O¾u - ta yd tlaj fhÿkq O¾u 92' lD;dêldr we;s - lrk ,o mska we;s
wkqk wkêl - fkdwvq fkdjeä Y=kH;d m%;sixhqla; - Y=kH;dj yd fhÿkq
miaúlSu - m%;HfjËdj" i<ldne,Su
86' Wodr;d§ .=Kfhys- Wodr;ajh wd§ .=Kfhys
ksïk m%jK;dj - keuqKq" we,jqkq nj
m%;HfõËd lsßu - kej; yeÍ ne,Su" i<ld ne,Su
O¾u;d kh - O¾u iajNdjh ms<sn| kHdhh 94' ldhoâÁ nyq, jQ - lh oeä lr .ekSfuys fhÿkq
iajNdj - iajri - ^tys& wdldrh" ^tys& lD;Hh fihHiqLdÈfhys - ksÈ iqjh wdÈfhys
mß.%yh - jgyd .ekSu ;S¾hla l:dfjys - ;srÉPdk l:d kï jQ l:d fo;si
OQÍh oyuqka - hq., jYfhka mj;sk O¾u wdihe;s - Ñ;a; ika;dkh we;s

87' fldaiÊch - l=iS;lu 95' m..fy;nn wjia:dj - is;g Woõ Èh hq;= wjia:dj
,ËK m%;sfõOh - wksÉp" ÿlaL" wk;a;" hk ;s,l=Kq 96' ldh miaioaê - lfhys ikaiqka nj
úksúo oelSu Ñ;a; miaioaê - isf;ys ikaiqka nj
hq.koaO Ndjkdj - Yu: úo¾Ykd tlaj fhÿKq Ndjkdj wjH.a. ksñ;a; - tla;eka jQ ksñ;a;
tald ,ïnk - tlu iudk wruqKl fhÿkq
88' ks.eksh hq;= - ks.%y l<hq;=
mfudok - i;=gq lrk 97' laf,aY mßody - flf,ia oeú,s
ixfõok - ixfõ.hg m;a lrk 98' is;a yqjk nj - is;a Tijd ;nk nj
úmß;Ndjhka - úldr
99' miaioaOdldr - ikaiqkajk wdldr
90' lDIaK Y=la, im%;sNd. O¾ufhda - wl=i,a iy l=i,a fjka imamdhdldr - ys;lr wdldr
fjka jYfhka" tajdfha l¿ Wmiu iqLh - ikais|ùfuka we;sjk iqLh
iqÿ úmdl iys;j ksriajdo - kSri
 210 211

100' bÉPdú>d; ÿl - n,dfmdfrd;a;= lvùfï ÿl 111' tal;a;=mÜGdkfhys - tal;ajfhka jegySfuys

crd - ÈÍu wk;Sj¾;k Ndjh - fkdblaujd hk nj
jHdê - f,v fiajkd¾:fhka - fh§fï w¾:fhka" fh§fï
101' u;a; yia;shd - u;a jQ we;d woyiska

105' Èh;,af,ys - Èh n÷fkys 112' uQ,mßl¾u wjia:dj - uQ,sl jev ms<sn| wjia:dj
isrdfõO - kyr ú§u wkqf,dau - wkql+,ùu
106' wNsuqLfldg - uqyqK ,d 113' m%udKd;sl%dka; ;DIaáh- muK blaujd.sh ^iSudka;sl&
úIh Ndjfhka - yiqjk núka i;=g
107' myrk ,oafoa - myr fok ,oafoa wkqn%Eys; OHdk Ñ;a;h - l%ufhka jevqKq OHdk Ñ;a;h
ixlsf,ai fjdaodkhka - ls,sáùï iy msßisÿùï
108' OHdkdê.u idOl ms<sfj;
- OHdk ,dNh isÿflfrk _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 116' i;a;aj ixialdrhka - i;a;ajhka yd ixialdrhka
l%shd ud¾.h pxlukdêIaGdkdÈfhka - ilauka lsÍug wêIaGdklsÍï
¥ÍNdjfhka - wE;aùu ksid wdÈfhka
id;sYhju - w;sYhg;a jvd 120' NjdÙ. p,k - Njdx. m%jdyfha fi,ùu
m%lD;s Ñ;a;h - iajNdjfhka mj;sk is; wcd; jQ - kQmka" ygfkd.;a
109' wdÈfhys - uq,§
123' wcgdldYh - mg,eùula ke;s wyi
mámod úiqoaêh - WohínhdÈ {dk ms<sfj<ska ,efnk
mßÉýkakdldYh - liskfhka iSud lr.;a wjldYh
msßisÿ nj
liskq.a>dáudldYh - me;sr jQ lisKdf,dalh whska l<
WfmlaLdkqn%Eykh - WfmËdj jeãu
wyi
iïmyxikh - Wkkaÿj we;slrùu
rEml,dm mßÉfþodldYh - rEml,dmhlska ^rEmdxY= ñghlsk&a
;;%ucCO;a;+fmlaLdj - iqL ÿlaL folska bj;aùfuka
,efnk ueoy;a nj ;j;a rEm l,dmhla fjkafldg
wdfiajkh - kej; kej; we;slr .ekSfuka i,lk wdldYh" bv
úfYaI Yla;shla u;=lr .ekSu talS N+; - tlla njg m;a jQ
lD;H ksIam;a;s - l<hq;= jevh bgqùu W;amdka;fhla - we;ssùfï fldkla
jHdka;fhla - ke;sùfï fldkla
110' úfYdaOkfhys - msßisÿ lsÍfuys
jHdmdr fkdlrlñka - fh§ fkdisáñka 125' w;sl%uKh l<hq;= - blauúh hq;=
iudOdkfhys - tlÕ lsÍfuys wejeis - wjYH
 212 213

128' wNs[af[hH O¾u - úYsIaG {dkfhka o;hq;= O¾u 149' ú[a[dK Od;= - ú[a[dK iajNdjh" oefkk .;sh
mß[af[hH O¾u - ;%s,ËKdjfndaOfhka o;h;= O¾u plaLqiïMiaih - wei weiqre fldg my<jk iam¾Yh
mydk O¾u - m%ydkh l<hq;=" bj;al< hq;= O¾u jlaLqiïMiaicd fõokd - plaLi
q ïMiaifhka yg.;a fõokdj
iPPld;ín O¾u - m%;HË l<hq;= O¾u rEm i[afÉ;kd - rEmhka ms<sn| fÉ;kdj" yeÕSu
Ndfj;ín O¾u - jeäh hq;= O¾u
W;a;Í ukqIH O¾u - ukqIH O¾uhkag jvd Wiia O¾u 151' ksíìJokh - l,lsÍu" f,!lsl fohska
;Dma;h
s la fkd,nk nj
129' w;s,Sk;dj - w;sYhska ieÕjqKq nj
mfhda.mámiaioaê m[a[dj - úo¾YkdÈ l%shdjka ixis|Sfï
w;sm.a.ys; nj - w;sYhska W;aidyj;a nj
wdOHd;aufhys ixÅ;a; nj - we;=<; yels¿Kq nj {dkh
nysoaOd úlaÅ;a; nj - neyerg úisreKq nj pußl ú[a[dKh - wka;su is;
mÉPd mqf¾ i[a[d - fmr miq fkdfjkia yeÕSu i;a; úydrh - fkdlvjd mj;akd úyrKh
134' wdik mßph - m¾hxlfhka ys|.ekSug mqreÿùu 152' m%jD;a;s úmaMkaokfhka - meje;au i|yd flfrk p,kfhka
135' m;kh fjhs - jefghs or: - oeú,s
mig Ñ;a; - úisreKq is; m%j¾;fhka f;dr - meje;afuka f;dr
ixl=Ñ; Ñ;a; - yel=¿Kq is; m[apoajdßl - weia" lka" kdid§ fodrgq mig
iïnkaO
136' ldudrïuKfhys - ldu wruqfKys
ufkdaoajdßl - ufkdaoajdrfhka yg.;a
l¾uËu fldg - l¾uhg fhda.H fldg" ld¾hhg
.e,fmk mßÈ ilia fldg máikaê.a.yKh - ms<sis| .ekSu
j;a:q rEmh - yDoh jia;=j
138' isjq/ia >áldj - y;/ia Èh n÷k
wNsksfõIh - we;=¿ùu 153' m%;sIaGd ,o - msysàu ,o
jqÜGdkh - flf,iqkaf.ka keÕS isàu 154' wkNskJosFjd - fkdi;=gqj
140' úfkdaokh - ÿre lsÍu iS;s Ndjh - isis,anj
142' m%{ma;s - iïuq;s" jHjydr 156' iuqÉfPomamydkh - iyuq,ks a u is|,Sfuka m%ydKh lsÍu
,laLKdrïuKsl - ;%s,ËKh wruqKq fldg mej;s m%;smdËsl - úreoaO
143' cjk - fõ.j;a is;=ú,s wNsr;sh - oeä we,au
ÈÜGoïufõokSh - fï wd;aufhys ú|sh hq;= uqÈ;dj - wkqkaf.a iemf;ys i;=gqùu
w;a;=lalxikh - ;ud yqjd oelaùu" ;uka biau;=fldg
157' ;%l
s h - ;=fka f.dv
oelaùu
mrjïNkh - wkqka fy<d oelSu 158' h:dN+; [dKh - we;s ieá oekSu ms<sn| kqjK
 214 215

159' mßmQ¾K jk ieá - msfrk yeá 169' wksñ;a; fÉf;da úuq;;

a s - ixialdr ksñ;af;ka ^wruqfKka&
WmksY%h iïm;a;sh - n,j;a fya;=j f;dr jQ M, iudm;a;sh
;slaLm[a[ mqoa.,hka - ;shqKq kqjK we;s mqoa.,hka
172' fya;= m%;H iujdfhka - fya;= m%;H tl;=fjka
wjdka;r l%shdjla - wNHka;r l%shdjla
wixialD; - wixL; - fya;= m%;Hj,ska ilia fkdl<
160' i,a,laLK Ñ;a; mrïmrdj - fufkys lsÍfï is;a mka;sh N+; - fN!;sl - i;r uyd N+;hka iy tajd weiqre lrk
162' újÜgdkqmiaikdj - flf,iqkf a .ka yd ixidrfhka 173' cd;h - yg.;a foh
keÕS isàfï úo¾Ykd kqjK wcd;h - yg fkd.;a foh
ixfhda.dNsksfõi - ixialdrhka yd tl;=j úiSfï
174' tyf,!lsl - fuf,dj ms<sn|
leue;a;
iiúidK - id wx
kh jYfhka - kHdh jYfhka
wkajh l%uh - fya;=j we;s l,ays M,h we;s nj
l<dm jYfhka - fldgia jYfhka
jH;sfrl l%uh - fya;j
= ke;s l,ays M,h ke;s nj
wNs[a[d lD;Hh - úYsIaG {dkfhka oek.ekSfï ld¾hh
úoHudk - olakd ,efnk
idu[a[ ,laLKh - ;%s,ËKh
m%ia;+;h - bÈßm;a lrk ,oao
163' wkqf,dau Lka;s - wkqf,dau {dkh
175' ffk¾hdksl Ndjh - n,dfmdfrd;;= w¾:hkag
iïu;a; kshdu - wd¾h ud¾.h
muqKqjk nj
w;;aj{hkaf.a - ;;= fkdokakkaf.a
wOHdYh - woyi
164' mÉpqmÜGdk - jegfyk wdldrh
176' Wmê - uu;ajhg mokï jk oE
166' mj;a; - meje;au
177' l%shd idOkfhys - l%shd bIaGlr .ekSfuys
m%j¾;h - meje;au
wfya;=l - fya;= iïnkaOh ke;s 178' mqyÿq ka - wd¾h fkdjk ^mD:.ack&
167' i;H m%;SÉPdol - i;Hh jika lrk ufydacIalNdjh - uy Toj;a nj
ksrjfYaI lsÍfuka - b;sß fkdlsÍfuka uyd f;acialNdjh - uy f;oj;a nj
jH;sl%u wjia:dj - blauùfï wjia:dj 179' úia;D; - me;sreKq
;oÙ. jYfhka - ;djld,sl jYfhka wdOHd;auiïN+; - we;=<;ska yg.;a
168' iS,ín; mrdudi - ndysr YS,j%;hkaf.ka ksjka fiùu iïm%fhda. - fh§u
wd.uk m%;sm;a;sh - m%;sm;a;sh ms<sn| ;uka wd ud¾.h .=KdjNdIfhka - .=K wdf,dalfhka
ne,Su 180' mdKavr - iqÿ
ksfrdaO iudm;a;s úo¾Ykd - ksfrdaO iudm;a;sh i|yd tal foaYhlska - tl wxYhlska
flfrk úo¾Ykdj ksrjfYaI jYfhka - b;sßfkdlsÍï jYfhka ^iïmQ¾Kfhka&
 216 217

wê.; ld,fhys - ,nd.;a l,ays je<s;a - kej;;a

181' WNf;dNd.úuq;a; - iu: úmiaikd foflkau ñÿKq OuukscCOdkCLJ;s - O¾uh fok ne,Sfï yelshdj
m[a[dúuq;a; - iq[a[; úfudlaLfhka ñÿKq w¾y;a 188' Wmixl%uKh - <Õg meñKSu
M,h ,;a mqoa.,hd reiafk;a fjhs - reÑ o fjhs
ËSKdY%j - ry;ka jykafia iyfk;a fjhs - iqÿiq o fjhs
ldhilaÅ - wd¾h mqoa.,hka wgfokd
190' l; - m%;Hkaf.ka lrk ,o
ÈÜÀmc;a;d - fidajdka M,hg m;a mqoa.,hd
wl; - m%;Hhkaf.ka fkdlrk ,o
ioaOdúuq;a; - fidajdka M,fha isg by<g
OïudkqidÍ - fidajdka ud¾.fha isák mqoa.,hd 191' wkqfndaOh - O¾u;djg wkqj jgyd .ekSu
ffYlaIhka - ry;ka jykafia yer b;sß wd¾h iïNdr mGú Od;= - flia" f,dï" wdÈ jYfhka ,efnk
mqoa.,hka y;afokd mGú Od;= fldgia
wdroaOúmiail - úmiaikdj werUQ p;=iuqÜGdksl - lïu" Ñ;a;" W;=" wdydr hk i;ßka
fl,afYdmdÈ - laf,aYhka b;sßj we;s yg.;a
fiL - wd¾h ud¾.fhys yslafuk y;afokd ldhm%idorEmh - lfhys meyeÈ,s .;sh
182' iksñ;a; iajNdj - ksñ;a; iys; iajNdjh NdjrEmh - ia;%S Ndj" mqreI Ndj fol
úoajxikhfldg - úkdY fldg Ndj oilh - NdjrEmh oifjks fldg we;s l<dmh"
rEm ñáh
183' msmdi úkhk - ;Kaydj ixis|jk l¾uc - l¾ufhka yg.;a
184' Wm,íO - ,enqKq
195' ixfhdack - neñ
iqo¾Ys; jQfha - uekúka fmkajd fok ,oafoa
mßmQrldß - iïmQ¾K lrk
;o¾:hhs - ta w¾:hhs
wNsixialdr ú[a[dKh - l¾u ú[a[dKh
;DIaKduqla; - ;Kaydfjka ñÿKq
mj;a;ika;;dêmf;hH - Ôú;hl meje;afï iïnkaOhg
m¾hHqmdikh - Wmia:dkh lsÍu
wêm;slu
185' i;Hdkqm%dma;sh - i;H fj; meñKSu
Ndjkfhka - jeãfuka
nyq,SlrKfhka - nyq,j lsÍfuka
m%Odkh - ù¾hh
nyqldr - fnfyúka Wmldr jk
186' ;=,kdj - iu;;ajfhys ,d ie,lSu